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El Mobader M, Nammour S. Examining the Efficacy of a 405 nm Wavelength Diode Laser as a Diagnostic Tool in Routine Dental Practice. Cureus 2024; 16:e62474. [PMID: 39015874 PMCID: PMC11251338 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, significant advancements in dental and periodontal diagnostics have paved the way for improved care. Among the available approaches, laser fluorescence (LF) is a promising method. This case report explores the utilization of a 405 nm diode laser as a diagnostic tool in the non-surgical treatment of biofilm-induced gingivitis, as well as its application in routine daily practice for diagnosing restorations and dental caries. A 24-year-old male patient and a 21-year-old female patient were included. A 405 nm diode laser (Smart M, Lasotronix, Poland) was used as a diagnostic tool with a tip diameter of 8 mm. In case one, the utilization of the 405 nm diode laser enhanced the patient's ability to perceive the presence and extent of plaque and calculus, aiding in motivation and education regarding supra-gingival dental biofilm control and it assisted the operator in precisely localizing plaque and calculus, thereby enabling more effective mechanical debridement and ultimately improving treatment outcomes. In the second case, the utilization of the laser facilitated the detection of defective composite fillings aiding in both accurate diagnosis for the operator and effective communication with the patient regarding the need for re-treatment. This study illustrates the potential of the relatively new 405 nm diode laser as a promising diagnostic tool in the daily management of periodontal patients and the detection of defective dental fillings in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan El Mobader
- Department of Oral Surgery, Laser Laboratory, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, POL
- Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, BEL
| | - Samir Nammour
- Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, BEL
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2
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Mukunda DC, Rodrigues J, Joshi VK, Raghushaker CR, Mahato KK. A comprehensive review on LED-induced fluorescence in diagnostic pathology. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 209:114230. [PMID: 35421670 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Sensitivity, specificity, mobility, and affordability are important criteria to consider for developing diagnostic instruments in common use. Fluorescence spectroscopy has been demonstrating substantial potential in the clinical diagnosis of diseases and evaluating the underlying causes of pathogenesis. A higher degree of device integration with appropriate sensitivity and reasonable cost would further boost the value of the fluorescence techniques in clinical diagnosis and aid in the reduction of healthcare expenses, which is a key economic concern in emerging markets. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which are inexpensive and smaller are attractive alternatives to conventional excitation sources in fluorescence spectroscopy, are gaining a lot of momentum in the development of affordable, compact analytical instruments of clinical relevance. The commercial availability of a broad range of LED wavelengths (255-4600 nm) has opened up new avenues for targeting a wide range of clinically significant molecules (both endogenous and exogenous), thereby diagnosing a range of clinical illnesses. As a result, we have specifically examined the uses of LED-induced fluorescence (LED-IF) in preclinical and clinical evaluations of pathological conditions, considering the present advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jackson Rodrigues
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Joshi
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Chandavalli Ramappa Raghushaker
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Krishna Kishore Mahato
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India.
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3
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Scherl DS, Coffman L, Mansoor A, Rajwa B, Patsekin V, Robinson JP. A Semi-Automated Method for Measuring Biofilm Accumulation on the Teeth Using Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence in Dogs and Cats. J Vet Dent 2022; 39:122-132. [PMID: 35257605 DOI: 10.1177/08987564221081991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oral health conditions (eg, plaque, calculus, gingivitis) cause morbidity and pain in companion animals. Thus, developing technologies that can ameliorate the accumulation of oral biofilm, a critical factor in the progression of these conditions, is vital. Quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) is a method to quantify oral substrate accumulation, and therefore, it can assess biofilm attenuation of different products. New software has recently been developed that automates aspects of the procedure. However, few QLF studies in companion animals have been performed. QLF was used to collect digital images of oral substrate accumulation on the teeth of dogs and cats to demonstrate the ability of QLF to discriminate between foods known to differentially inhibit oral substrate accumulation. Images were taken as a function of time and diet. Software developed by the Cytometry Laboratory, Purdue University quantified biofilm coverage. Intra- and intergrader reproducibility was also assessed, as was a comparison of the results of the QLF software with those of an experienced grader using undisclosed coverage-only metrics similar to those used for the Logan and Boyce index. Quantification of oral substrate accumulation using QLF-derived images demonstrated the ability to distinguish between dental diets known to differentially inhibit oral biofilm accumulation. Little variance in intra- and intergrader reproducibility was observed, and the comparison between the experienced Logan and Boyce grader and the QLF software yielded a concordance correlation coefficient of 0.89 (95% CI = 0.84, 0.92). These results show that QLF is a useful tool that allows the semi-automated quantification of the accumulation of oral biofilm in companion animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Awais Mansoor
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Hwang G, Blatz MB, Wolff MS, Steier L. Diagnosis of Biofilm-Associated Peri-Implant Disease Using a Fluorescence-Based Approach. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9030024. [PMID: 33673438 PMCID: PMC7996852 DOI: 10.3390/dj9030024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental implants have become a routine component of daily dental practice and the demand for dental implants is expected to increase significantly in the future. Despite the high success rates of dental implants, failures do occur, resulting in discomfort, rampant destruction of the oral health, or painful and costly surgical replacement of a failed implant. Peri-implant diseases are inflammatory conditions affecting the soft/hard tissues surrounding a functional dental implant. Plenty of experimental evidence indicates that the accumulation of dental plaque at the soft tissue-implant interface and the subsequent local inflammatory response seems to be key in the pathogenesis of the peri-implant mucositis. Such peri-implant-soft tissue interface is less effective than natural teeth in resisting bacterial invasion, enhancing vulnerability to subsequent peri-implant disease. Furthermore, in certain individuals, it will progress to peri-implantitis, resulting in alveolar bone loss and implant failure. Although early diagnosis and accurate identification of risk factors are extremely important to effectively prevent peri-implant diseases, current systematic reviews revealed that a uniform classification and diagnostic methodology for peri-implantitis are lacking. Recent progress on fluorescence-based technology enabled rapid diagnosis of the disease and effective removal of plaques. Here, we briefly review biofilm-associated peri-implant diseases and propose a fluorescence-based approach for more accurate and objective diagnoses. A fluorescence-based diagnosis tool through headlights combined with special-filtered dental loupes may serve as a hands-free solution for both precise diagnosis and effective removal of plaque-biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geelsu Hwang
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (G.H.); (M.B.B.); (M.S.W.)
- Center for Innovation and Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Markus B. Blatz
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (G.H.); (M.B.B.); (M.S.W.)
| | - Mark S. Wolff
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (G.H.); (M.B.B.); (M.S.W.)
| | - Liviu Steier
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (G.H.); (M.B.B.); (M.S.W.)
- Correspondence:
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5
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Fried WA, Chan KH, Darling CL, Curtis DA, Fried D. Image-Guided Ablation of Dental Calculus From Root Surfaces Using a DPSS Er:YAG Laser. Lasers Surg Med 2020; 52:247-258. [PMID: 31236996 PMCID: PMC8880256 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Recent studies have demonstrated that near-infrared (IR) imaging can be used to acquire high-contrast images of root caries and calculus on the root surfaces of extracted teeth at wavelengths longer than 1450 nm. The purpose of this study was to determine if image-guided laser ablation can be used to selectively remove calculus from tooth surfaces with minimal damage to the underlying sound cementum and dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, sequential near-IR images at 1500-1700 nm were used to guide a diode-pumped (DPSS) Er:YAG laser for the removal of calculus from the root surfaces of 10 extracted teeth. The selectivity of removal was assessed using digital microscopy, optical coherence tomography, and surface profilometry. RESULTS Calculus was removed rapidly with minimal damage to the underlying sound cementum and dentin. Image-guided ablation achieved high-selectivity, the mean volume of calculus removal was more than 27 times higher than the mean loss of cementum. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated that near-IR image-guided laser ablation can be used for the selective removal of calculus from root surfaces ex vivo. Additionally, we have demonstrated that a diode-pumped solid-state Er:YAG laser is well suited for selective removal. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A. Fried
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143
| | - Kenneth H. Chan
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143
| | - Cynthia L. Darling
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143
| | - Donald A. Curtis
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143
| | - Daniel Fried
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143
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Yang VB, Curtis DA, Fried D. Cross-polarization reflectance imaging of root caries and dental calculus on extracted teeth at wavelengths from 400 to 2350 nm. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11:e201800113. [PMID: 29952066 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The identification of root caries and calculus on tooth roots is of increasing importance with our aging population. Exposed root surfaces are often impacted by erosion, abrasion, calculus and staining which can make the identification and management of caries challenging. Identification of dental calculus on root surfaces and verification of its removal is also important for patient education and to decrease susceptibility to caries and periodontal disease. The objective of this study was to determine how the contrast of root caries lesions and dental calculus varies with wavelength in the visible to near-infrared. The contrast of suspected root caries lesions and dental calculus on 30 extracted teeth was measured using cross-polarization reflectance measurements at wavelengths from 400 to 2350 nm. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) lesion contrast was measured at wavelengths greater than 1460 nm. Stains interfered significantly at wavelengths less than 850 nm yielding non-diagnostic contrast for root caries lesions. We postulate that the high absorption of water at longer wavelengths reduced the light scattering from the surrounding and underlying normal dentin, thus increasing the lesion contrast. This study indicates that wavelengths beyond 1400 nm are advantageous for imaging calculus and caries lesions on root surfaces due to the high contrast and lack of interference from stain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent B Yang
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Donald A Curtis
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Daniel Fried
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Zang L, Zhao H, Fang Q, Fan M, Chen T, Tian Y, Yao J, Zheng Y, Zhang Z, Cao W. Photophysical properties of sinoporphyrin sodium and explanation of its high photo-activity. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424617500055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS) is a novel photosensitizer with high photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect. Reasons for its high photo-activity were investigated according to the study of photophysical characteristics of DVDMS. Extinction coefficients ([Formula: see text] of DVDMS at 405 nm and 630 nm are 4.36 × 105 and 1.84 × 104 M[Formula: see text].cm[Formula: see text]; fluorescence quantum yield ([Formula: see text] is 0.026; quantum yield of lowest triplet state formation is 0.94 and singlet oxygen quantum yield ([Formula: see text] is 0.92. Although [Formula: see text] of DVDMS is only 10% higher than that of Photofrin[Formula: see text] (0.83), the extinction coefficient of DVDMS at 630 nm is 10-fold greater than that of Photofrin[Formula: see text]. This leads to its higher singlet oxygen generation efficiency ([Formula: see text]. The higher [Formula: see text] of DVDMS can result in an effective reduction of dosage (1/10 of Photofrin[Formula: see text] reaching the same cytotoxic effect as Photofrin[Formula: see text]. Even though [Formula: see text] is approximately equal to that of Photofrin[Formula: see text], brightness ([Formula: see text] of DVDMS is 10-fold greater than that of Photofrin[Formula: see text] because of the 10-fold greater extinction coefficient. Thus, fluorescence diagnosis ability of 0.2 mg/kg DVDMS is comparable to that of 2 mg/kg Photofrin[Formula: see text] used in PDT. Overall, the 10-fold greater extinction coefficients are responsible for the high brightness and singlet oxygen generation efficiency of DVDMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Zang
- Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Ji’nan, 250014, China
| | - Qicheng Fang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ming Fan
- Shenzhen Micromed Tech. Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518109, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Shenzhen Micromed Tech. Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518109, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Division of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jianting Yao
- Division of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yangdong Zheng
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Wenwu Cao
- Department of Mathematics and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
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8
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Cicchi R, Rossi F, Alfieri D, Bacci S, Tatini F, De Siena G, Paroli G, Pini R, Pavone FS. Observation of an improved healing process in superficial skin wounds after irradiation with a blue-LED haemostatic device. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:645-655. [PMID: 26756549 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201500191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The healing process of superficial skin wounds treated with a blue-LED haemostatic device is studied. Four mechanical abrasions are produced on the back of 10 Sprague Dawley rats: two are treated with the blue-LED device, while the other two are left to naturally recover. Visual observations, non-linear microscopic imaging, as well as histology and immunofluorescence analyses are performed 8 days after the treatment, demonstrating no adverse reactions neither thermal damages in both abraded areas and surrounding tissue. A faster healing process and a better-recovered skin morphology are observed: the treated wounds show a reduced inflammatory response and a higher collagen content. Blue LED induced photothermal effect on superficial abrasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Cicchi
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (INO-CNR), Florence, 50125, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
| | - Francesca Rossi
- Institute of Applied Physics, National Research Council (IFAC-CNR), Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy.
| | | | - Stefano Bacci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Francesca Tatini
- Institute of Applied Physics, National Research Council (IFAC-CNR), Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
| | - Gaetano De Siena
- Institute of Applied Physics, National Research Council (IFAC-CNR), Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
| | - Gaia Paroli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Roberto Pini
- Institute of Applied Physics, National Research Council (IFAC-CNR), Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
| | - Francesco S Pavone
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (INO-CNR), Florence, 50125, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
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9
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Lv M, Qin F, Mao L, Zhang L, Lv S, Jin J, Zhang Z. A study of diagnostic criteria established for two oral mucous diseases by HMME-fluorescence spectroscopy. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:2151-6. [PMID: 26071098 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1776-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Malignant oral ulcers are common pathological occurrence in oral and maxillofacial tumors. A noninvasive method for diagnosis of malignant oral ulcers was developed in the study, which is based on hematoporphyrin monomethylether (HMME) fluorescence spectroscopy. The objective of this work is to determine the feasibility of this method in differentiating the malignant tissues from the inflammatory ones in the hamster cheek pouch model. Adult hamsters were used for the study and a cheek pouch model was established. For the malignant model, the 9, 10-dimethyl-1, 2-benzanthracene carcinogenesis was applied to one cheek pouch for 10 weeks (N = 35). The simple ulcers were created on buccal cheek mucosa in a simple manner (N = 10). Prior to sacrifice, HMME solution was injected into the tissues. The induced fluorescence spectra of the cheek tissues were recorded by a fiber spectrometer with excitation at 405 nm. A spectral algorithm was used to eliminate the effect of autofluorescence, and a spectral parameter S was selected as diagnostic criterion. After fluorescence measurement, the animals were sacrificed and the measured tissues were collected. Histological staining was performed and the results of histopathological evaluation were documented. The diagnostic criteria that reflected the fluorescence intensity were set as follows: normal, S ≤ 10; simple ulcer, 230 ≤ S ≤ 290; and malignant ulcer, 140 ≤ S ≤ 200. The sensitivity and specificity of this detection method was verified by scalpel biopsy, and the overall accuracy was over 90%. The results of this study showed that the fluorescence spectroscopic method implemented by HMME can accurately differentiate the two kinds of clinically indistinguishable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyang Lv
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Qin
- Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Mao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shaohua Lv
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Jin
- BoRui Dental Clinic, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, People's Republic of China
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10
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Rechmann P, Liou SW, Rechmann BMT, Featherstone JDB. Performance of a light fluorescence device for the detection of microbial plaque and gingival inflammation. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:151-9. [PMID: 25914048 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The hypothesis to be tested was that using the SOPROCARE system in fluorescence perio-mode allows scoring of microbial plaque that is comparable to the Turesky modification of the Quigley Hein plaque index (T-QH) and scoring of gingival inflammation comparable to the Silness and Löe gingival inflammation index (GI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-five subjects with various amounts of microbial plaque were recruited. The T-QH and GI index were recorded. SOPROCARE pictures were recorded in fluorescence perio-mode and in daylight mode. Finally, conventional digital photographs were taken. All pictures were assessed using the same criteria as described for the clinical indices. RESULTS The average T-QH was 1.1 ± 1.2 (mean ± SD). Scoring with SOPROCARE perio-mode led to a slightly higher average than the T-QH scores. SOPROCARE daylight mode and digital photography showed the highest plaque scores. The average GI index was 0.7 ± 0.9. SOPROCARE in perio-mode scored slightly lower. Linear regression fits between the different clinical indices and SOPROCARE scores were significantly different from zero demonstrating high goodness of fit. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that the SOPROCARE fluorescence assessment tool in perio-mode allows reliable judgment of microbial plaque and gingival inflammation levels similar to the established Turesky-modified Quigley Hein index and the Silness and Löe gingival inflammation index. Training on plaque-free teeth will actually reduce scoring errors. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The SOPROCARE fluorescence tool in perio-mode provides reliable evaluation of microbial plaque and gingival inflammation for the dental clinician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Rechmann
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California at San Francisco, 707 Parnassus, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| | - Shasan W Liou
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California at San Francisco, 707 Parnassus, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Beate M T Rechmann
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California at San Francisco, 707 Parnassus, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - John D B Featherstone
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California at San Francisco, 707 Parnassus, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
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11
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Schrötzlmair F, Müller M, Pongratz T, Eder M, Johnson T, Vogeser M, von Holzschuher V, Zengel P, Sroka R. Laser lithotripsy of salivary stones: Correlation with physical and radiological parameters. Lasers Surg Med 2015; 47:342-9. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schrötzlmair
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde; Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Marchioninistraße 15 81377 München Germany
| | - Mona Müller
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde; Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Marchioninistraße 15 81377 München Germany
| | - Thomas Pongratz
- Laser-Forschunglabor; LIFE-Zentrum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Marchioninistraße 23 81377 München Germany
| | - Matthias Eder
- Laser-Forschunglabor; LIFE-Zentrum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Marchioninistraße 23 81377 München Germany
| | - Thorsten Johnson
- Institut für Klinische Radiologie; Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Marchioninistraße 15 81377 München Germany
| | - Michael Vogeser
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin; Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Marchioninistraße 15 81377 München Germany
| | - Vanessa von Holzschuher
- Klinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde; Krankenhaus des Diakoniewerks Martha-Maria München; Wolfratshauser Straße 109 81479 München Germany
| | - Pamela Zengel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde; Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Marchioninistraße 15 81377 München Germany
| | - Ronald Sroka
- Laser-Forschunglabor; LIFE-Zentrum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Marchioninistraße 23 81377 München Germany
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12
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Dong Y, Liu X, Mei L, Feng C, Yan C, He S. LED-induced fluorescence system for tea classification and quality assessment. J FOOD ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2014.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Reliability of recordings of subgingival calculus detected using an ultrasonic device. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 19:709-16. [PMID: 25055747 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1287-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the intra-examiner reliability of recordings of subgingival calculus detected using an ultrasonic device, and to investigate the influence of subject-, tooth- and site-level factors on the reliability of these subgingival calculus recordings. MATERIALS AND METHODS On two occasions, within a 1-week interval, 147 adult periodontitis patients received a full-mouth clinical periodontal examination by a single trained examiner. Duplicate subgingival calculus recordings, in six sites per tooth, were obtained using an ultrasonic device for calculus detection and removal. RESULTS Agreement was observed in 65 % of the 22,584 duplicate subgingival calculus recordings, ranging 45 % to 83 % according to subject. Using hierarchical modeling, disagreements in the subgingival calculus duplicate recordings were more likely in all other sites than the mid-buccal, and in sites harboring supragingival calculus. Disagreements were less likely in sites with PD ≥ 4 mm and with furcation involvement ≥ degree 2. Bleeding on probing or suppuration did not influence the reliability of subgingival calculus. At the subject-level, disagreements were less likely in patients presenting with the highest and lowest extent categories of the covariate subgingival calculus. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The reliability of subgingival calculus recordings using the ultrasound technology is reasonable. The results of the present study suggest that the reliability of subgingival calculus recordings is not influenced by the presence of inflammation. Moreover, subgingival calculus can be more reliably detected using the ultrasound device at sites with higher need for periodontal therapy, i.e., sites presenting with deep pockets and premolars and molars with furcation involvement.
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Zhang L, Bi L, Shi J, Zhang Z, Cao W, Lin J, Li C, Bi J, Yu Y. A quantitative diagnostic method for oral mucous precancerosis by Rose Bengal fluorescence spectroscopy. Lasers Med Sci 2012; 28:241-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-012-1054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Schoenly JE, Seka W, Featherstone JDB, Rechmann P. Near-UV laser treatment of extrinsic dental enamel stains. Lasers Surg Med 2012; 44:339-45. [PMID: 22415603 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The selective ablation of extrinsic dental enamel stains using a 400-nm laser is evaluated at several fluences for completely removing stains with minimal damage to the underlying enamel. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS A frequency-doubled Ti:sapphire laser (400-nm wavelength, 60-nanosecond pulse duration, 10-Hz repetition rate) was used to treat 10 extracted human teeth with extrinsic enamel staining. Each tooth was irradiated perpendicular to the surface in a back-and-forth motion over a 1-mm length using an ∼300-µm-diam 10th-order super-Gaussian beam with fluences ranging from 0.8 to 6.4 J/cm(2) . Laser triangulation determined stain depth and volume removed by measuring 3D surface images before and after irradiation. Scanning electron microscopy evaluated the surface roughness of enamel following stain removal. Fluorescence spectroscopy measured spectra of unbleached and photobleached stains in the spectral range of 600-800 nm. RESULTS Extrinsic enamel stains are removed with laser fluences between 0.8 and 6.4 J/cm(2) . Stains removed on sound enamel leave behind a smooth enamel surface. Stain removal in areas with signs of earlier cariogenic acid attacks resulted in isolated and randomly located laser-induced, 50-µm-diam enamel pits. These pits contain 0.5-µm diam, smooth craters indicative of heat transfer from the stain to the enamel and subsequent melting and water droplet ejection. Ablation stalling of enamel stains is typically observed at low fluences (<3 J/cm(2) ) and is accompanied by a drastic reduction in porphyrin fluorescence from the Soret band. CONCLUSION Laser ablation of extrinsic enamel stains at 400 nm is observed to be most efficient above 3 J/cm(2) with minimal damage to the underlying enamel. Unsound underlying enamel is also observed to be selectively removed after irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Schoenly
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Tung OH, Lee SY, Lai YL, Chen HF. Characteristics of subgingival calculus detection by multiphoton fluorescence microscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2011; 16:066017. [PMID: 21721818 DOI: 10.1117/1.3593150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Subgingival calculus has been recognized as a major cause of periodontitis, which is one of the main chronic infectious diseases of oral cavities and a principal cause of tooth loss in humans. Bacteria deposited in subgingival calculus or plaque cause gingival inflammation, function deterioration, and then periodontitis. However, subgingival calculus within the periodontal pocket is a complicated and potentially delicate structure to be detected with current dental armamentaria, namely dental x-rays and dental probes. Consequently, complete removal of subgingival calculus remains a challenge to periodontal therapies. In this study, the detection of subgingival calculus employing a multiphoton autofluorescence imaging method was characterized in comparison with a one-photon confocal fluorescence imaging technique. Feasibility of such a system was studied based on fluorescence response of gingiva, healthy teeth, and calculus with and without gingiva covered. The multiphoton fluorescence technology perceived the tissue-covered subgingival calculus that cannot be observed by the one-photon confocal fluorescence method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oi-Hong Tung
- National Yang Ming University, School of Dentistry, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, Taiwan
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Meissner G, Kocher T. Calculus-detection technologies and their clinical application. Periodontol 2000 2010; 55:189-204. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2010.00379.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Coulthwaite L, Pretty I, Smith P, Higham S, Verran J. QLF is not readily suitable for in vivo denture plaque assessment. J Dent 2009; 37:898-901. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2009.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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