1
|
Zenk N, Laumer F, Dalabasmaz S, Stützer J, Mauser A, Pischetsrieder M. Comprehensive species- and processing-specific peptide profiling of pasteurized, extended shelf-life and ultra-high temperature milk from cow, goat, sheep, buffalo, and mare. Food Chem 2024; 438:137973. [PMID: 37979257 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify endogenous milk peptides for species differentiation independent of heat exposure. Thus, comprehensive milk peptide profiles from five species and three types of heat treatments were analyzed by micro-flow liquid chromatography ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (microLC-IM-QTOF) with subsequent database search leading to ≥ 3000 identified peptides. In the milks, 1154 peptides were unique for cow, 712 for sheep, 466 for goat, 197 for buffalo, and 69 for mare. Most peptides were detected in extended-shelf life (ESL) milk (2010), followed by ultra-high temperature (UHT) processed (1474) and pasteurized milk (1459 peptides), with 693 peptides present in all milk types. A blind test set of 64 samples confirmed eight species-specific, but heat-independent marker peptides in milk from cow, seven from goat, six from sheep, nine from buffalo, and three from mare. The generated peptide profiles can also be used to identify species- and heat-specific markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Zenk
- Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Franziska Laumer
- Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Sevim Dalabasmaz
- Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Joachim Stützer
- Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Andreas Mauser
- Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Monika Pischetsrieder
- Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; FAU NeW - Research Center New Bioactive Compounds, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bisutti V, Vanzin A, Pegolo S, Toscano A, Gianesella M, Sturaro E, Schiavon S, Gallo L, Tagliapietra F, Giannuzzi D, Cecchinato A. Effect of intramammary infection and inflammation on milk protein profile assessed at the quarter level in Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:1413-1426. [PMID: 37863294 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study we wanted to investigate the associations between naturally occurring subclinical intramammary infection (IMI) caused by different etiological agents (i.e., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, and Prototheca spp.), in combination with somatic cell count (SCC), on the detailed milk protein profile measured at the individual mammary gland quarter. An initial bacteriological screening (time 0; T0) conducted on individual composite milk from 450 Holstein cows reared in 3 herds, was performed to identify cows with subclinical IMI. We identified 78 infected animals which were followed up at the quarter level at 2 different sampling times: T1 and T2, 2 and 6 wk after T0, respectively. A total of 529 quarter samples belonging to the previously selected animals were collected at the 2 sampling points and analyzed with a reversed phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) validated method. Specifically, we identified and quantified 4 caseins (CN), namely αS1-CN, αS2-CN, κ-CN, and β-CN, and 3 whey protein fractions, namely β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin, and lactoferrin (LF), which were later expressed both quantitatively (g/L) and qualitatively (as a percentage of the total milk nitrogen content, % N). Data were analyzed with a hierarchical linear mixed model with the following fixed effects: days in milk (DIM), parity, herd, SCC, bacteriological status (BACT), and the SCC × BACT interaction. The random effect of individual cow, nested within herd, DIM and parity was used as the error term for the latter effects. Both IMI (i.e., BACT) and SCC significantly reduced the proportion of β-CN and αS1-CN, ascribed to the increased activity of both milk endogenous and microbial proteases. Less evident alterations were found for whey proteins, except for LF, which being a glycoprotein with direct and undirect antimicrobial activity, increased both with IMI and SCC, suggesting its involvement in the modulation of both the innate and adaptive immune response. Finally, increasing SCC in the positive samples was associated with a more marked reduction of total caseins at T1, and αS1-CN at T2, suggesting a synergic effect of infection and inflammation, more evident at high SCC. In conclusion, our work helps clarify the behavior of protein fractions at quarter level in animals having subclinical IMI. The inflammation status driven by the increase in SCC, rather the infection, was associated with the most significant changes, suggesting that the activity of endogenous proteolytic enzymes related to the onset of inflammation might have a pivotal role in directing the alteration of the milk protein profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Bisutti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - A Vanzin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - S Pegolo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - A Toscano
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - M Gianesella
- Department of Animal Medicine, Productions and Health, University of Padua, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - E Sturaro
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - S Schiavon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - L Gallo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - F Tagliapietra
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - D Giannuzzi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - A Cecchinato
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Q, Dai J, Shi Y, Deng Q, Liao C, Huang J, Lu J. IgM-specific linear epitopes on the E2 protein for serodiagnosis of Chikungunya. Virus Res 2024; 339:199292. [PMID: 38042373 PMCID: PMC10714233 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Dengue virus (DENV) are vector-borne diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus that pose a significant threat to global public health. Cases of acute Chikungunya fever often present similar clinical symptoms to other vector-borne diseases, such as Dengue fever. In regions where multiple vector-borne diseases coexist, CHIKV is often overlooked or misdiagnosed as Dengue virus, West Nile virus, Zika virus or other viral infections, which delays its prevention and control. However, IgM antibodies directed against the E2 protein of CHIKV have not yet been generalized to clinical settings due to the low sensitivity and high cost in commercial kits. Indirect ELISA with peptides provides an effective supplementary tool for detecting CHIKV IgM antibodies. Our study aims at examining the potential of linear epitopes on the E2 glycoprotein that specifically bind to IgM antibodies as serodiagnostic tool for CHIKV. The sensitivity of the established peptide indirect ELISA method for detecting clinical samples is significantly better than that of commercial kits, realizing a beneficial supplement to the existing IgM antibody assay. It also established the groundwork for comprehending the biological mechanisms of the CHIKV E2 protein and the advancement of innovative epitope peptide vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianlin Li
- Health Inspection and Quarantine Laboratory, Guangzhou Customs Technology Center, Guangzhou 510623, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Health Inspection and Quarantine Laboratory, Guangzhou Customs Technology Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Yongxia Shi
- Health Inspection and Quarantine Laboratory, Guangzhou Customs Technology Center, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Qiang Deng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Conghui Liao
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jicheng Huang
- Health Inspection and Quarantine Laboratory, Guangzhou Customs Technology Center, Guangzhou 510623, China.
| | - Jiahai Lu
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Hainan 571199, China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vanzin A, Franchin C, Arrigoni G, Battisti I, Masi A, Squartini A, Bisutti V, Giannuzzi D, Gallo L, Cecchinato A, Pegolo S. Subclinical Mastitis from Streptococcus agalactiae and Prototheca spp. Induces Changes in Milk Peptidome in Holstein Cattle. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:16827-16839. [PMID: 37890871 PMCID: PMC10636762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Early detection of bovine subclinical mastitis may improve treatment strategies and reduce the use of antibiotics. Herein, individual milk samples from Holstein cows affected by subclinical mastitis induced by S. agalactiae and Prototheca spp. were analyzed by untargeted and targeted mass spectrometry approaches to assess changes in their peptidome profiles and identify new potential biomarkers of the pathological condition. Results showed a higher amount of peptides in milk positive on the bacteriological examination when compared with the negative control. However, the different pathogens seemed not to trigger specific effects on the milk peptidome. The peptides that best distinguish positive from negative samples are mainly derived from the most abundant milk proteins, especially from β- and αs1-casein, but also include the antimicrobial peptide casecidin 17. These results provide new insights into the physiopathology of mastitis. Upon further validation, the panel of potential discriminant peptides could help the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Vanzin
- Department
of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro
(PD) 35020, Italy
| | - Cinzia Franchin
- Department
of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro
(PD) 35020, Italy
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Ilaria Battisti
- Department
of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro
(PD) 35020, Italy
| | - Antonio Masi
- Department
of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro
(PD) 35020, Italy
| | - Andrea Squartini
- Department
of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro
(PD) 35020, Italy
| | - Vittoria Bisutti
- Department
of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro
(PD) 35020, Italy
| | - Diana Giannuzzi
- Department
of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro
(PD) 35020, Italy
| | - Luigi Gallo
- Department
of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro
(PD) 35020, Italy
| | - Alessio Cecchinato
- Department
of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro
(PD) 35020, Italy
| | - Sara Pegolo
- Department
of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro
(PD) 35020, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tan S, Zhang Q, Pei X, Tan D, Guo C, Chen S, Chen G. Evaluation of milk photooxidation based on peptidomics. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113113. [PMID: 37689842 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Photooxidation is one of the main causes of the deterioration of milk quality during processing and marketing. This study aimed to investigate the variation in peptides after photooxidation using peptidomic techniques, and how cow species, oxygen content, and light intensity affect photooxidation. The different peptides were identified and quantified using ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Eighteen milk samples were subjected to light treatment. Seven types of peptides were identified as photooxidation markers. Subsequently, the effects of milk variety, oxygen content, and light intensity on photooxidation were studied, and sensory evaluations were performed. Dairy cow breed, oxygen content, and light intensity all affect photooxidation. Sensory evaluation verified that light and oxygen are necessary for the photooxidation of milk. The peptide m/z+ 529.2783 (LLDEIKEVV), both in different varieties of milk and in different brands of commercially available milk, showed a large variation in multiplicity, and its content was closely related to oxygen and light. This peptide was not produced in the absence of oxygen and light, and its relative content increased with the duration of light exposure. These results suggest that the peptidomics method is an effective tool for distinguishing between normal and photooxidized milk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Tan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qingyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoyan Pei
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Inner Mongolia, 010080, China; Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co, Ltd, 010080, China
| | - Dongfei Tan
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences6 (TAAS), Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Can Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Sumeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Couvillion SP, Mostoller KE, Williams JE, Pace RM, Stohel IL, Peterson HK, Nicora CD, Nakayasu ES, Webb-Robertson BJM, McGuire MA, McGuire MK, Metz TO. Interrogating the role of the milk microbiome in mastitis in the multi-omics era. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1105675. [PMID: 36819069 PMCID: PMC9932517 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1105675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in a functional understanding of milk-associated microbiota as there is ample evidence that host-associated microbial communities play an active role in host health and phenotype. Mastitis, characterized by painful inflammation of the mammary gland, is prevalent among lactating humans and agricultural animals and is associated with significant clinical and economic consequences. The etiology of mastitis is complex and polymicrobial and correlative studies have indicated alterations in milk microbial community composition. Recent evidence is beginning to suggest that a causal relationship may exist between the milk microbiota and host phenotype in mastitis. Multi-omic approaches can be leveraged to gain a mechanistic, molecular level understanding of how the milk microbiome might modulate host physiology, thereby informing strategies to prevent and ameliorate mastitis. In this paper, we review existing studies that have utilized omics approaches to investigate the role of the milk microbiome in mastitis. We also summarize the strengths and challenges associated with the different omics techniques including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, metabolomics and lipidomics and provide perspective on the integration of multiple omics technologies for a better functional understanding of the milk microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sneha P. Couvillion
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Richland, WA, United States,*Correspondence: Sneha P. Couvillion, ✉
| | - Katie E. Mostoller
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Janet E. Williams
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Ryan M. Pace
- Margaret Ritchie School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Izabel L. Stohel
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Haley K. Peterson
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Carrie D. Nicora
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Ernesto S. Nakayasu
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Bobbie-Jo M. Webb-Robertson
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Mark A. McGuire
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Michelle K. McGuire
- Margaret Ritchie School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Thomas O. Metz
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Richland, WA, United States,Thomas O. Metz, ✉
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Paramasivam R, Gopal DR, Dhandapani R, Subbarayalu R, Elangovan MP, Prabhu B, Veerappan V, Nandheeswaran A, Paramasivam S, Muthupandian S. Is AMR in Dairy Products a Threat to Human Health? An Updated Review on the Origin, Prevention, Treatment, and Economic Impacts of Subclinical Mastitis. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:155-178. [PMID: 36636377 PMCID: PMC9831082 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s384776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bovine mastitis is the most frequent and costly illness impacting dairy herds worldwide. The presence of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows has an impact on the decreased output of milk and milk quality, culling of affected cows, mortality rate, as well as mastitis-related treatment expenses, generating significant financial loss to the dairy industry. The pathogenic bacteria invade through the mammary gland, which then multiply in the milk-producing tissues causing infection, and the presence of pathogenic bacteria in milk is concerning, jeopardizes human health, and also has public health consequences. Intervention to promote herd health is essential to protect public health and the economy. Results This review attempts to provide an overview of subclinical mastitis, including mastitis in different species, the effect of mastitis on human health and its pathogenic mechanism, the prevalence and incidence of subclinical mastitis, and current preventive, diagnostic, and treatment methods for subclinical mastitis. It also elaborates on the management practices that should be followed by the farms to improve herd immunity and health. Conclusion This review brings the importance of the threat of antimicrobial resistance organisms to the dairy industry. Furthermore, this review gives a glimpse of the economic consequences faced by the farmers and a futuristic mastitis market analysis in the dairy industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ragul Paramasivam
- Research and Development Division, Chimertech Private Limited, Chennai, India
| | - Dhinakar Raj Gopal
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Science University (TANUVAS), Chennai, 600007, India
| | | | | | | | - Bhavadharani Prabhu
- Research and Development Division, Chimertech Private Limited, Chennai, India
| | - Veeramani Veerappan
- Research and Development Division, Chimertech Private Limited, Chennai, India
| | | | | | - Saravanan Muthupandian
- AMR and Nanotherapeutics Lab, Centre for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India,Division of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia,Correspondence: Saravanan Muthupandian, Email
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cuccato M, Divari S, Sacchi P, Girolami F, Cannizzo FT. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry profiling of bovine skim milk for subclinical mastitis detection. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1009928. [DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1009928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionMastitis is one of most impacting health issues in bovine dairy farming that reduces milk yield and quality, leading to important economic losses. Subclinical forms of the disease are routinely monitored through the measurement of somatic cell count (SCC) and microbiological tests. However, their identification can be tricky, reducing the possibilities of early treatments. In this study, a MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry approach was applied to milk samples collected from cows classified according to the SCC, to identify differences in polypeptide/protein profiles.Materials and methodsTwenty-nine raw milk samples with SCC >200,000 cell/ml (group H) and 91 samples with SCC lower than 200,000 (group L) were randomly collected from 12 dairy farms. Spectral profiles from skim milk were acquired in the positive linear mode within the 4,000–20,000 m/z mass acquisition range.Results and discussionBased on signal intensity, a total of 24 peaks emerged as significant different between the two groups. The most discriminant signals (4,218.2 and 4,342.98 m/z) presented a ROC curve with AUC values higher than 0.8. Classification algorithms (i.e., quick classifier, genetic algorithm, and supervised neural network) were applied for generating models able to classify new spectra (i.e., samples) into the two classes. Our results support the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry profiling as a tool to detect mastitic milk samples and to potentially discover biomarkers of the disease. Thanks to its rapidity and low-cost, such method could be associated with the SCC measurement for the early diagnosis of subclinical mastitis.
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen Y, Ma Y, Ji Q, Yang X, Feng X, Yao R, Cheng X, Li T, Wang Y, Wang Z. Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus Infection Decreases Milk Protein Synthesis by Preventing Amino Acid Uptake in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:756375. [PMID: 34869729 PMCID: PMC8636274 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.756375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the main pathogens in cow mastitis, colonizing mammary tissues and being internalized into mammary epithelial cells, causing intracellular infection in the udder. Milk that is produced by cows that suffer from mastitis due to S. aureus is associated with decreased production and changes in protein composition. However, there is limited information on how mastitis-inducing bacteria affect raw milk, particularly with regard to protein content and protein composition. The main purpose of this work was to examine how S. aureus infection affects milk protein synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). BMECs were infected with S. aureus, and milk protein and amino acid levels were determined by ELISA after S. aureus invasion. The activity of mTORC1 signaling and the transcription factors NF-κB and STAT5 and the expression of the amino acid transporters SLC1A3 and SLC7A5 were measured by western blot or immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR. S. aureus was internalized by BMECs in vitro, and the internalized bacteria underwent intracellular proliferation. Eight hours after S. aureus invasion, milk proteins were downregulated, and the level of BMECs that absorbed Glu, Asp, and Leu from the culture medium and the exogenous amino acids induced β-casein synthesis declined. Further, the activity of mTORC1 signaling, NF-κB, and STAT5 was impaired, and SLC1A3 and SLC7A5 were downregulated. Eight hours of treatment with 100 nM rapamycin inhibited NF-κB and STAT5 activity, SLC1A3 and SLC7A5 expression, and milk protein synthesis in BMECs. Thus mTORC1 regulates the expression of SLC1A3 and SLC7A5 through NF-κB and STAT5. These findings constitute a model by which S. aureus infection suppresses milk protein synthesis by decreasing amino acids uptake in BMECs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.,School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jining Normal University, Jining, China
| | - Yuze Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qiang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaoru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ruiyuan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xiaoou Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Peptides play a crucial role in many vitally important functions of living organisms. The goal of peptidomics is the identification of the "peptidome," the whole peptide content of a cell, organ, tissue, body fluid, or organism. In peptidomic or proteomic studies, capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an alternative technique for liquid chromatography. It is a highly efficient and fast separation method requiring extremely low amounts of sample. In peptidomic approaches, CE is commonly combined with mass spectrometric (MS) detection. Most often, CE is coupled with electrospray ionization MS and less frequently with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization MS. CE-MS has been employed in numerous studies dealing with determination of peptide biomarkers in different body fluids for various diseases, or in food peptidomic research for the analysis and identification of peptides with special biological activities. In addition to the above topics, sample preparation techniques commonly applied in peptidomics before CE separation and possibilities for peptide identification and quantification by CE-MS or CE-MS/MS methods are discussed in this chapter.
Collapse
|
11
|
Hu H, Fang Z, Mu T, Wang Z, Ma Y, Ma Y. Application of Metabolomics in Diagnosis of Cow Mastitis: A Review. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:747519. [PMID: 34692813 PMCID: PMC8531087 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.747519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cow mastitis, with high incidence rate and complex cause of disease, is one of the main diseases that affect the development of dairy industry in the world. Clinical mastitis and subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus, and other pathogens have a huge potential safety hazard to food safety and the rapid development of animal husbandry. The economic loss caused by cow mastitis is billions of dollars every year in the world. In recent years, the omics technology has been widely used in animal husbandry with the continuous breakthrough of sequencing technology and the continuous reduction of sequencing cost. For dairy cow mastitis, the traditional diagnostic technique, such as histopathological screening, somatic cell count, milk pH test, milk conductivity test, enzyme activity test, and infrared thermography, are difficult to fully and comprehensively clarify its pathogenesis due to their own limitations. Metabolomics technology is an important part of system biology, which can simultaneously analyze all low molecular weight metabolites such as amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates under the action of complex factors including internal and external environment and in a specific physiological period accurately and efficiently, and then clarify the related metabolic pathways. Metabolomics, as the most downstream of gene expression, can amplify the small changes of gene and protein expression at the level of metabolites, which can more fully reflect the cell function. The application of metabolomics technology in cow mastitis can analyze the hetero metabolites, identify the related biomarkers, and reveal the physiological and pathological changes of cow mammary gland, so as to provide valuable reference for the prediction, diagnosis, and treatment of mastitis. The research progress of metabolomics technology in cow mastitis in recent years was reviewed, in order to provide guidance for the development of cow health and dairy industry safety in this manuscript.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yanfen Ma
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jing-Wei Z, Yi-Yuan S, Xin L, Hua Z, Hui N, Luo-Yun F, Ben-Hai X, Jin-Jin T, Lin-Shu J. Microbiome and Metabolic Changes of Milk in Response to Dietary Supplementation With Bamboo Leaf Extract in Dairy Cows. Front Nutr 2021; 8:723446. [PMID: 34595199 PMCID: PMC8476867 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.723446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bamboo leaf extracts, with high content of flavonoids and diverse biological activities, are used in animal husbandry. Increasing evidence has suggested an association between the bovine physiology and the udder microbiome, yet whether the microbiota and the metabolites of milk affect the mammary gland health or the milk quality remains unknown. In this study, we provide a potential mechanism for the effects of bamboo leaf extracts on milk microbiota and metabolites of dairy cows. Twelve multiparous lactating Chinese Holstein dairy cows were randomly separated into two groups: basal diet as the control group (CON, n = 6) and a diet supplemented with 30 g/d bamboo leaf extract per head as antioxidants of bamboo leaf (AOB) group (AOB, n = 6) for 7 weeks (2-week adaptation, 5-week treatment). Milk samples were collected at the end of the trial (week 7) for microbiome and associated metabolic analysis by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The results showed that the milk protein was increased (p < 0.0001) and somatic cell count (SCC) showed a tendency to decrease (p = 0.09) with AOB supplementation. The relative abundance of Firmicutes was significantly decreased (p = 0.04) while a higher relative abundance of Probacteria (p = 0.01) was seen in the group receiving AOB compared to the CON group. The AOB group had a significantly lower relative abundance of Corynebacterium_1 (p = 0.01), Aerococcus (p = 0.01), and Staphylococcus (p = 0.02). There were 64 different types of metabolites significantly upregulated, namely, glycerophospholipids and fatty acyls, and 15 significantly downregulated metabolites, such as moracetin, sphinganine, and lactulose in the AOB group. Metabolic pathway analysis of the different metabolites revealed that the sphingolipid signaling pathway was significantly enriched, together with glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and necroptosis in response to AOB supplementation. Several typical metabolites were highly correlated with specific ruminal bacteria, demonstrating a functional correlation between the milk microbiome and the associated metabolites. These insights into the complex mechanism and corresponding biological responses highlight the potential function of AOB, warranting further investigation into the regulatory role of specific pathways in the metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Jing-Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Yi-Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Hua
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Niu Hui
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Luo-Yun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Ben-Hai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Jin-Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Lin-Shu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Franco-Martínez L, Muñoz-Prieto A, Contreras-Aguilar MD, Želvytė R, Monkevičienė I, Horvatić A, Kuleš J, Mrljak V, Cerón JJ, Escribano D. Changes in saliva proteins in cows with mastitis: A proteomic approach. Res Vet Sci 2021; 140:91-99. [PMID: 34418789 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the possible saliva proteome changes in cows with mastitis using a Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) proteomics approach. For this purpose, the salivary proteomes from healthy cows and cows with mastitis were analysed, and their serum proteomes were also studied for comparative purposes. A total of eight saliva and serum paired samples for each group were used for the proteomic study, and eight additional samples for each group were analysed in the analytical and overlap performance studies. In saliva samples, 2192 proteins were identified, being sixty-three differentially modulated in mastitis. In serum, 1299 proteins were identified, being twenty-nine differentially modulated in mastitis. Gamma glutamyl transferase (γGT) in saliva and serum amyloid A (SAA) were validated by commercially available automated assays. In conclusion, there are changes in protein expression and metabolic pathways in saliva and serum proteomes of cows with mastitis, showing different response patterns but complementary information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Franco-Martínez
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Muñoz-Prieto
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M D Contreras-Aguilar
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - R Želvytė
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Research Center of Digestive Physiology and Pathology, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - I Monkevičienė
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Research Center of Digestive Physiology and Pathology, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Tilzes str. 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - A Horvatić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - J Kuleš
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - V Mrljak
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - J J Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - D Escribano
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain; Department of Animal Production, Veterinary School, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kabelitz T, Aubry E, van Vorst K, Amon T, Fulde M. The Role of Streptococcus spp. in Bovine Mastitis. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1497. [PMID: 34361932 PMCID: PMC8305581 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Streptococcus genus belongs to one of the major pathogen groups inducing bovine mastitis. In the dairy industry, mastitis is the most common and costly disease. It not only negatively impacts economic profit due to milk losses and therapy costs, but it is an important animal health and welfare issue as well. This review describes a classification, reservoirs, and frequencies of the most relevant Streptococcus species inducing bovine mastitis (S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae and S. uberis). Host and environmental factors influencing mastitis susceptibility and infection rates will be discussed, because it has been indicated that Streptococcus herd prevalence is much higher than mastitis rates. After infection, we report the sequence of cow immune reactions and differences in virulence factors of the main Streptococcus species. Different mastitis detection techniques together with possible conventional and alternative therapies are described. The standard approach treating streptococcal mastitis is the application of ß-lactam antibiotics. In streptococci, increased antimicrobial resistance rates were identified against enrofloxacin, tetracycline, and erythromycin. At the end, control and prevention measures will be considered, including vaccination, hygiene plan, and further interventions. It is the aim of this review to estimate the contribution and to provide detailed knowledge about the role of the Streptococcus genus in bovine mastitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Kabelitz
- Department of Engineering for Livestock Management, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy e.V. (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany;
| | - Etienne Aubry
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7-13, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (E.A.); (K.v.V.); (M.F.)
| | - Kira van Vorst
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7-13, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (E.A.); (K.v.V.); (M.F.)
| | - Thomas Amon
- Department of Engineering for Livestock Management, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy e.V. (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany;
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7-13, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Fulde
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7-13, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (E.A.); (K.v.V.); (M.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Applied Proteomics in 'One Health'. Proteomes 2021; 9:proteomes9030031. [PMID: 34208880 PMCID: PMC8293331 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes9030031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
‘One Health’ summarises the idea that human health and animal health are interdependent and bound to the health of ecosystems. The purpose of proteomics methodologies and studies is to determine proteins present in samples of interest and to quantify changes in protein expression during pathological conditions. The objectives of this paper are to review the application of proteomics technologies within the One Health concept and to appraise their role in the elucidation of diseases and situations relevant to One Health. The paper develops in three sections. Proteomics Applications in Zoonotic Infections part discusses proteomics applications in zoonotic infections and explores the use of proteomics for studying pathogenetic pathways, transmission dynamics, diagnostic biomarkers and novel vaccines in prion, viral, bacterial, protozoan and metazoan zoonotic infections. Proteomics Applications in Antibiotic Resistance part discusses proteomics applications in mechanisms of resistance development and discovery of novel treatments for antibiotic resistance. Proteomics Applications in Food Safety part discusses the detection of allergens, exposure of adulteration, identification of pathogens and toxins, study of product traits and characterisation of proteins in food safety. Sensitive analysis of proteins, including low-abundant ones in complex biological samples, will be achieved in the future, thus enabling implementation of targeted proteomics in clinical settings, shedding light on biomarker research and promoting the One Health concept.
Collapse
|
16
|
Leite JAS, Montoya CA, Loveday SM, Maes E, Mullaney JA, McNabb WC, Roy NC. Heat-Treatments Affect Protease Activities and Peptide Profiles of Ruminants' Milk. Front Nutr 2021; 8:626475. [PMID: 33777990 PMCID: PMC7987661 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.626475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteases present in milk are heat-sensitive, and their activities increase or decrease depending on the intensity of the thermal treatment applied. The thermal effects on the protease activity are well-known for bovine milk but poorly understood for ovine and caprine milk. This study aimed to determine the non-specific and specific protease activities in casein and whey fractions isolated from raw bovine, ovine, and caprine milk collected in early lactation, and to determine the effects of low-temperature, long-time (63°C for 30 min) and high-temperature, short-time (85°C for 5 min) treatments on protease activities within each milk fraction. The non-specific protease activities in raw and heat-treated milk samples were determined using the substrate azocasein. Plasmin (the main protease in milk) and plasminogen-derived activities were determined using the chromogenic substrate S-2251 (D-Val-Leu-Lys-pNA dihydrochloride). Peptides were characterized using high-resolution liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The activity of all native proteases, shown as non-specific proteases, was similar between raw bovine and caprine milk samples, but lower (P < 0.05) than raw ovine milk in the whey fraction. There was no difference (P > 0.05) between the non-specific protease activity of the casein fraction of raw bovine and caprine milk samples; both had higher activity than ovine milk. After 63°C/30 min, the non-specific protease activity decreased (44%; P > 0.05) for the bovine casein fraction only. In contrast, the protease activity of the milk heated at 85°C/5 min changed depending on the species and fraction. For instance, the activity decreased by 49% for ovine whey fraction, but it increased by 68% for ovine casein fraction. Plasmin and plasminogen were in general inactivated (P > 0.05) when all milk fractions were heated at 85°C/5 min. Most of the peptides present in heat-treated milk were derived from β-casein and αS1-casein, and they matched the hydrolysis profile of cathepsin D and plasmin. Identified peptides in ruminant milk samples had purported immunomodulatory and inhibitory functions. These findings indicate that the non-specific protease activity in whey and casein fractions differed between ruminant milk species, and specific thermal treatments could be used to retain better protease activity for all ruminant milk species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos A. Montoya
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Smart Foods Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Simon M. Loveday
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Smart Foods Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Evelyne Maes
- Beyond Foods Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch Limited, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Jane A. Mullaney
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Smart Foods Innovation Centre of Excellence, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Warren C. McNabb
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C. Roy
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Comprehensive Profiling of the Native and Modified Peptidomes of Raw Bovine Milk and Processed Milk Products. Foods 2020; 9:foods9121841. [PMID: 33321979 PMCID: PMC7763055 DOI: 10.3390/foods9121841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine milk contains a variety of endogenous peptides, partially formed by milk proteases that may exert diverse bioactive functions. Milk storage allows further protease activities altering the milk peptidome, while processing, e.g., heat treatment can trigger diverse chemical reactions, such as Maillard reactions and oxidations, leading to different posttranslational modifications (PTMs). The influence of processing on the native and modified peptidome was studied by analyzing peptides extracted from raw milk (RM), ultra-high temperature (UHT) milk, and powdered infant formula (IF) by nano reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled online to electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry. Only unmodified peptides proposed by two independent software tools were considered as identified. Thus, 801 identified peptides mainly originated from αS- and β-caseins, but also from milk fat globular membrane proteins, such as glycosylation-dependent cell adhesion molecule 1. RM and UHT milk showed comparable unmodified peptide profiles, whereas IF differed mainly due to a higher number of β-casein peptides. When 26 non-enzymatic posttranslational modifications (PTMs) were targeted in the milk peptidomes, 175 modified peptides were identified, i.e., mostly lactosylated and a few hexosylated or oxidized peptides. Most modified peptides originated from αS-caseins. The numbers of lactosylated peptides increased with harsher processing.
Collapse
|
18
|
Khan MZ, Khan A, Xiao J, Ma Y, Ma J, Gao J, Cao Z. Role of the JAK-STAT Pathway in Bovine Mastitis and Milk Production. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10112107. [PMID: 33202860 PMCID: PMC7697124 DOI: 10.3390/ani10112107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The cytokine-activated Janus kinase (JAK)—signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway has an important role in the regulation of immunity and inflammation. In addition, the signaling of this pathway has been reported to be associated with mammary gland development and milk production. Because of such important functions, the JAK-STAT pathway has been widely targeted in both human and animal diseases as a therapeutic agent. Recently, the JAK2, STATs, and inhibitors of the JAK-STAT pathway, especially cytokine signaling suppressors (SOCSs), have been reported to be associated with milk production and mastitis-resistance phenotypic traits in dairy cattle. Thus, in the current review, we attempt to overview the development of the JAK-STAT pathway role in bovine mastitis and milk production. Abstract The cytokine-activated Janus kinase (JAK)—signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway is a sequence of communications between proteins in a cell, and it is associated with various processes such as cell division, apoptosis, mammary gland development, lactation, anti-inflammation, and immunity. The pathway is involved in transferring information from receptors on the cell surface to the cell nucleus, resulting in the regulation of genes through transcription. The Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), signal transducer and activator of transcription A and B (STAT5 A & B), STAT1, and cytokine signaling suppressor 3 (SOCS3) are the key members of the JAK-STAT pathway. Interestingly, prolactin (Prl) also uses the JAK-STAT pathway to regulate milk production traits in dairy cattle. The activation of JAK2 and STATs genes has a critical role in milk production and mastitis resistance. The upregulation of SOCS3 in bovine mammary epithelial cells inhibits the activation of JAK2 and STATs genes, which promotes mastitis development and reduces the lactational performance of dairy cattle. In the current review, we highlight the recent development in the knowledge of JAK-STAT, which will enhance our ability to devise therapeutic strategies for bovine mastitis control. Furthermore, the review also explores the role of the JAK-STAT pathway in the regulation of milk production in dairy cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Adnan Khan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Jianxin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Yulin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Jiaying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Zhijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (Y.M.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-62733746
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Addis MF, Maffioli EM, Ceciliani F, Tedeschi G, Zamarian V, Tangorra F, Albertini M, Piccinini R, Bronzo V. Influence of subclinical mastitis and intramammary infection by coagulase-negative staphylococci on the cow milk peptidome. J Proteomics 2020; 226:103885. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
20
|
Matuozzo M, Spagnuolo MS, Hussein HA, Gomaa AM, Scaloni A, D’Ambrosio C. Novel Biomarkers of Mastitis in Goat Milk Revealed by MALDI-TOF-MS-Based Peptide Profiling. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9080193. [PMID: 32731427 PMCID: PMC7464427 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis is the most common infection of dairy goats impairing milk production and quality, which is usually recognized by mammary gland visual inspection and palpation. Subclinical forms of the disease are also widely represented, which lack the typical signs of the clinical ones but are still associated with reduced production and safety for human consumption of milk, generally presenting a high bacterial count. In order to obtain novel analytical tools for rapid and non-invasive diagnosis of mastitis in goats, we analyzed milk samples from healthy, subclinical and clinical mastitic animals with a MALDI-TOF-MS-based peptidomic platform, generating disease group-specific spectral profiles whose signal intensity and mass values were analyzed by statistics. Peculiar spectral signatures of mastitis with respect to the control were identified, while no significant spectral differences were observed between clinical and subclinical milk samples. Discriminant signals were assigned to specific peptides through nanoLC-ESI-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS experiments. Some of these molecules were predicted to have an antimicrobial activity based on their strong similarity with homolog bioactive compounds from other mammals. Through the definition of a panel of peptide biomarkers, this study provides a very rapid and low-cost method to routinely detect mastitic milk samples even though no evident clinical signs in the mammary gland are observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Matuozzo
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Stefania Spagnuolo
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Hany A. Hussein
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt;
- Department of Veterinary Research, Guangdong Haid Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary (GHIAHV), Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - A. M. Gomaa
- Animal Reproduction Research Institute (ARRI), Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Giza 12556, Egypt;
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Chiara D’Ambrosio
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Identification and Detection of Bioactive Peptides in Milk and Dairy Products: Remarks about Agro-Foods. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153328. [PMID: 32707993 PMCID: PMC7435915 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Food-based components represent major sources of functional bioactive compounds. Milk is a rich source of multiple bioactive peptides that not only help to fulfill consumers 'nutritional requirements but also play a significant role in preventing several health disorders. Understanding the chemical composition of milk and its products is critical for producing consistent and high-quality dairy products and functional dairy ingredients. Over the last two decades, peptides have gained significant attention by scientific evidence for its beneficial health impacts besides their established nutrient value. Increasing awareness of essential milk proteins has facilitated the development of novel milk protein products that are progressively required for nutritional benefits. The need to better understand the beneficial effects of milk-protein derived peptides has, therefore, led to the development of analytical approaches for the isolation, separation and identification of bioactive peptides in complex dairy products. Continuous emphasis is on the biological function and nutritional characteristics of milk constituents using several powerful techniques, namely omics, model cell lines, gut microbiome analysis and imaging techniques. This review briefly describes the state-of-the-art approach of peptidomics and lipidomics profiling approaches for the identification and detection of milk-derived bioactive peptides while taking into account recent progress in their analysis and emphasizing the difficulty of analysis of these functional and endogenous peptides.
Collapse
|
22
|
Intact cell MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, a promising proteomic profiling method in farm animal clinical and reproduction research. Theriogenology 2020; 150:113-121. [PMID: 32284210 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this review is to provide new insights into the possible use of a proteomic method known as Intact Cell Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (ICM-MS) in animal clinical research. Here, we give an overview of the basics of this technique, its advantages and disadvantages compared with other proteomic approaches, past applications and future perspectives. A special emphasis on its implementation in animal reproduction science is given, including examples of the reliable use of ICM-MS on fertility screening. In mammals, the ICM-MS profiles from pig epididymal spermatozoa reflect the proteome changes that they undergo during epididymal maturation and could be associated with the acquisition of fertilizing ability. In chicken, using adequate pre-processing and bioinformatics analysis tools, sperm ICM-MS profiles showed characteristic spectral features that allowed their classification according to their actual fertilizing ability. The association of ICM-MS and Top-down proteomic strategies allowed the identification of chicken fertility biomarkers candidates such as protein vitelline membrane outer layer protein 1 (VMO-1) and avian beta-defensin 10 (AvBD10). In female reproduction, a similar approach on ovarian follicular cells allowed the identification of specific markers of oocyte maturation in the oocyte and surrounding cumulus cells. Altogether, these results indicate that ICM-MS profiling could be a suitable approach for molecular phenotyping of male and female gametes.
Collapse
|
23
|
Chakraborty S, Dhama K, Tiwari R, Iqbal Yatoo M, Khurana SK, Khandia R, Munjal A, Munuswamy P, Kumar MA, Singh M, Singh R, Gupta VK, Chaicumpa W. Technological interventions and advances in the diagnosis of intramammary infections in animals with emphasis on bovine population-a review. Vet Q 2020; 39:76-94. [PMID: 31288621 PMCID: PMC6830988 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2019.1642546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis, an inflammation of the udder, is a challenging problem in dairy animals accounting for high economic losses. Disease complexity, degree of economic losses and increasing importance of the dairy industries along with public health concerns envisages devising appropriate diagnostics of mastitis, which can offer rapid, accurate and confirmatory diagnosis. The various diagnostic tests of mastitis have been divided into general or phenotypic and specific or genotypic tests. General or phenotypic tests are those that identify general alterations, which are not specific to any pathogen. Genotypic tests are specific, hence confirmatory for diagnosis of mastitis and include specific culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and its various versions (e.g. qRT-PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification, lateral flow assays, nucleotide sequencing, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and other molecular diagnostic methods. However, for highly specific and confirmatory diagnosis, pure cultures still provide raw materials for more sophisticated diagnostic technological interventions like PCR and nucleotide sequencing. Diagnostic ability of like infra-red thermography (IRT) has been shown to be similar to California mastitis test and also differentiates clinical mastitis from subclinical mastitis cases. As such, IRT can become a convenient and portable diagnostic tool. Of note, magnetic nanoparticles-based colorimetric biosensor assay was developed by using for instance proteolytic activity of plasmin or anti-S. aureus antibody. Last but not least, microRNAs have been suggested to be potential biomarkers for diagnosing bovine mastitis. This review summarizes the various diagnostic tests available for detection of mastitis including diagnosis through general and specific technological interventions and advances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Chakraborty
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry , West Tripura , India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU) , Mathura , India
| | - Mohd Iqbal Yatoo
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir , Srinagar , India
| | | | - Rekha Khandia
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University , Bhopal , India
| | - Ashok Munjal
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University , Bhopal , India
| | - Palanivelu Munuswamy
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - M Asok Kumar
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Mithilesh Singh
- Immunology Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Rajendra Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Causes, types, etiological agents, prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, effects on human health and future aspects of bovine mastitis. Anim Health Res Rev 2020; 21:36-49. [PMID: 32051050 DOI: 10.1017/s1466252319000094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis is among the most common and challenging diseases of dairy animals. It is an inflammation of udder tissues due to physical damage, chemical irritation, or infection caused by certain pathogens. Bovine mastitis has been known for ages, but its complex etiology and multi-factorial nature make it difficult to control. Mastitis may have a negative impact on human health by inducing antibiotic-resistant pathogens that may spread, which is threatening. Researchers are continuously struggling to devise suitable methods for mastitis control. Management strategies are mainly focused on disease prevention by farm management which includes proper hygiene, trained staff to monitor minor changes in the udder or milk, and better diagnostic and treatment methods. New technologies which have the potential to unravel this complicated disease include improved diagnostic tools, based on advanced genomics or proteomics, prevention, based on vaccines and immune modulators, and metabolic products of probiotics such as bacteriocins and gene therapy.
Collapse
|
25
|
Tong J, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Xiong B, Jiang L. Microbiome and Metabolome Analyses of Milk From Dairy Cows With Subclinical Streptococcus agalactiae Mastitis-Potential Biomarkers. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2547. [PMID: 31781063 PMCID: PMC6851174 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbial ecosystem in the udders of dairy cows directly influences the flavor and quality of milk. However, to our knowledge, no published research has analyzed the complex relationship between the udder microbiome and its associated metabolism in animals with subclinical mastitis. We identified the bacterial species and measured relative population numbers in the milk of cows with subclinical Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis (GBS) and compared this information to that from the milk of healthy cows. Metabolite profiles were determined to investigate correlations between the milk microbiota and metabolic factors in healthy vs. GBS dairy cows. Six milk samples from GBS cows and six from healthy cows were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing to identify the microbial species using a MiSeq high-throughput sequencing apparatus. The metabolites present in the milk were identified by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Both principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis indicated that the metabolites were well-separated from each other in the milk samples from the two groups. GBS dramatically altered microbial diversity, and the GBS group had significantly fewer Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria than the CON group, with greater relative abundance of Firmicutes (p < 0.01). Several bacterial genera, such as Streptococcus, were significantly more abundant in milk from the GBS group than in milk from the CON group, and there was a tendency for greater abundance of Turicibacter (p = 0.07) and Enterococcus spp. (p = 0.07) in the GBS group. The levels of five milk metabolites were significantly higher in the GBS group than in the CON group: phenylpyruvic acid, the homogentisic acid: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid ratio, the xanthine: guanine ratio, uridine and glycerol. Metabolic pathway analysis of the different metabolites revealed that the following were enriched in both groups: galactose metabolism; pentose and glucuronate interconversion; starch and sucrose metabolism; alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism; arginine biosynthesis; citrate cycle (TCA cycle); D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism; and the neomycin, kanamycin, and gentamicin biosynthesis pathways. Several typical metabolites were highly correlated with specific ruminal bacteria, such as Streptococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillaceae and Corynebacteriaceae, demonstrating the functional correlations between the milk microbiome and associated metabolites. These findings revealed that the milk microbiota and metabolite profiles were significantly different between the two groups of cows, raising the question of whether the microbiota associated with the bovine mammary gland could be related to mammary gland health. There was also a relationship between milk quality and the presence of spoilage bacteria. Other bacterial taxa should be investigated, as related information may provide insights into how perturbations in milk metabolomics profiles relate to differences in milk synthesis between healthy cows and those with subclinical mastitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Tong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Benhai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linshu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Oh NS, Kim K, Oh S, Kim Y. Enhanced Production of Galactooligosaccharides Enriched Skim Milk and Applied to Potentially Synbiotic Fermented Milk with Lactobacillus rhamnosus 4B15. Food Sci Anim Resour 2019; 39:725-741. [PMID: 31728443 PMCID: PMC6837896 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2019.e55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, we first investigated a method for directly transforming
lactose into galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) for manufacturing low-lactose and
GOS-enriched skim milk (GSM) and then evaluated its prebiotic potential by
inoculating five strains of Bifidobacterium spp. In addition,
fermented GSM (FGSM) was prepared using a potentially probiotic
Lactobacillus strain and its fermentation characteristics
and antioxidant capacities were determined. We found that GOS in GSM were
metabolized by all five Bifidobacterium strains after
incubation and promoted their growth. The levels of antioxidant activities
including radical scavenging activities and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
reductase inhibition rate in GSM were significantly increased by fermentation
with the probiotic Lactobacillus strain. Moreover, thirty-nine
featured peptides in FGSM was detected. In particular, six peptides derived from
β-casein, two peptides originated from αs1-casein and
κ-casein were newly identified, respectively. Our findings indicate that
GSM can potentially be used as a prebiotic substrate and FGSM can potentially
prevent oxidative stress during the production of synbiotic fermented milk in
the food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nam Su Oh
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Kyeongmu Kim
- R&D Center, Seoul Dairy Cooperative, Ansan, Kyunggi 15407, Korea.,Department of Food Bioscience and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Sangnam Oh
- Department of Functional Food and Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
The use of a proteomic approach to investigate changes in the milk proteome is growing and has parralleled the increasing technological developments in proteomics moving from early investigation using a gel-based two-dimensional separation approach to more quantitative method of current focus applying chromatography and mass spectrometry. Proteomic approaches to investigate lactational performance have made substantial findings especially in the alterations in lactation during mastitis. An experimental model of Streptococcus uberis infection of the mammary gland has been used as a means to determine change not only in the milk proteome, but also in the peptidome and in the metabolome caused by the infection. Examination of the peptidome, that is the peptides of less than 25 kDa in molecular weight, demonstrated an increase in small peptides most of which were casein degradation products but also included small bioactive peptides such as mammary-associated serum amyloid A3 (MSAA3). The peptidome has also been shown to differ depending on the causative bacteria of naturally occuring mastitis. The use of a non-gel-based relative quantitative proteomic methodology has revealed major changes in the protein component of milk in mastitis. The S. uberis infection lead to increases in the concentrations of proteins such as cathelicidins, haptoglobin, MSAA3 and decreases milk content of proteins such as xanthine oxidase, butyrophilin and β-1,4-galactosyltransferase. Analysis of all protein change data identified the acute phase, coagulation and complement pathways as well as proteins related to bile acid metabolism as being most modified. Examination of the small molecular weight organic molecules of milk using a metabolomic approach identified an increase in the content in milk during mastitis of bile acids such as taurochenodeoxycholic acid. Notable changes were also found in metabolites responding to infection of the mammary gland. Carbohydrate and nucleic acid metabolites were reduced, whereas lipid and nitrogen containing metabolites were increased. The latter included increases in amino acids along with di and tri peptides, likely to be the result of casein degradation. The use of proteomics and other omic technology is in its infancy in investigation of lactational parameters, but can already provide additional insight into the changes involved in disease and will have further value in physiological and nutritional investigation of lactation.
Collapse
|
28
|
Dalabasmaz S, Pischetsrieder M. Design of a Prediction Model for the Differentiation of Pasteurized Milk from Heated ESL Milk by Peptide Profiling. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1800292. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sevim Dalabasmaz
- Friedrich Emil Fischer CenterFood ChemistryDepartment of Chemistry and PharmacyAlexander UniversitätErlangen‐Nürnberg 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Monika Pischetsrieder
- Friedrich Emil Fischer CenterFood ChemistryDepartment of Chemistry and PharmacyAlexander UniversitätErlangen‐Nürnberg 91058 Erlangen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bhattacharya M, Salcedo J, Robinson RC, Henrick BM, Barile D. Peptidomic and glycomic profiling of commercial dairy products: identification, quantification and potential bioactivities. NPJ Sci Food 2019; 3:4. [PMID: 31304276 PMCID: PMC6550233 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-019-0037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptidomics and glycomics are recently established disciplines enabling researchers to characterize functional characteristics of foods at a molecular level. Milk-derived bioactive peptides and oligosaccharides have garnered both scientific and commercial interest because they possess unique functional properties, such as anti-hypertensive, immunomodulatory and prebiotic activities; therefore, the objective of this work was to employ peptidomic and glycomic tools to identify and measure relative and absolute quantities of peptides and oligosaccharides in widely consumed dairy products. Specifically, we identified up to 2117 unique peptides in 10 commercial dairy products, which together represent the most comprehensive peptidomic profiling of dairy milk in the literature to date. The quantity of peptides, measured by ion-exchange chromatography, varied between 60 and 130 mg/L among the same set of dairy products, which the majority originated from caseins, and the remaining from whey proteins. A recently published bioactive peptide database was used to identify 66 unique bioactive peptides in the dataset. In addition, 24 unique oligosaccharide compositions were identified in all the samples by nano LC Chip QTOF. Neutral oligosaccharides were the most abundant class in all samples (66-91.3%), followed by acidic (8.6-33.7%), and fucosylated oligosaccharides (0-4.6%). Variation of total oligosaccharide concentration ranged from a high of 65.78 to a low of 24.82 mg/L. Importantly, characterizing bioactive peptides and oligosaccharides in a wider number of dairy products may lead to innovations that go beyond the traditional vision of dairy components used for nutritional purposes but that will rather focus on improving human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mrittika Bhattacharya
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Jaime Salcedo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Randall C. Robinson
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Bethany Michele Henrick
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
- Evolve Biosystems, 2121 2nd Street, B107, Davis, CA 95618 USA
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA
| | - Daniela Barile
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ashraf A, Imran M. Diagnosis of bovine mastitis: from laboratory to farm. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 50:1193-1202. [PMID: 29948774 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1629-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of disease is the major step between the cause and cure of disease. An economical, reliable, and rapid diagnostic tool is fundamental for the management of udder health. The earlier the disease is identified, the less will be the damage; keeping this in mind, many efforts are being made to develop reliable diagnostic tools for use on farm. However, traditional gold standard methods including somatic cell count and microbial culturing are still in use. They are partially being replaced with polymerase chain reaction and sequencing-based tests. Nanotechnology and protein-based tests have also gained lot of attention and some of them are potential candidate of future diagnostic tests for bovine mastitis. Research laboratories are struggling to develop simple, economical, and user-friendly biosensor-based methods that can be performed on farm for rapid diagnosis. The combination of both genomic and proteomic approaches, together with further involvement of nanotheranostic technologies and other sensors, will assist in the quest of better mastitis diagnostic tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aqeela Ashraf
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zandkarimi F, Vanegas J, Fern X, Maier CS, Bobe G. Metabotypes with elevated protein and lipid catabolism and inflammation precede clinical mastitis in prepartal transition dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:5531-5548. [PMID: 29573799 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Clinical mastitis (CM), the most prevalent and costly disease in dairy cows, is diagnosed most commonly shortly after calving. Current indicators do not satisfactorily predict CM. This study aimed to develop a robust and comprehensive mass spectrometry-based metabolomic and lipidomic workflow using untargeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry for predictive biomarker detection. Using a nested case-control design, we measured weekly during the prepartal transition period differences in serum metabolites, lipids, inflammation markers, and minerals between clinically healthy Holstein dairy cows diagnosed with mastitis postcalving (CMP; n = 8; CM diagnosis d 1 = 3 cows, d 2 = 2 cows, d 4 = 1 cow; d 25 = 1 cow, and d 43 = 1 cow that had subclinical mastitis since d 3) or not (control; n = 9). The largest fold differences between CMP and control cows during the prepartal transition period were observed for 3'-sialyllactose in serum. Seven metabolites (N-methylethanolamine phosphate, choline, phosphorylcholine, free carnitine, trimethyl lysine, tyrosine, and proline) and 3 metabolite groups (carnitines, AA metabolites, and water-soluble phospholipid metabolites) could correctly classify cows for their future CM status at both 21 and 14 d before calving. Biochemical analysis using lipid and metabolite-specific commercial diagnostic kits supported our mass spectrometry-based omics results and additionally showed elevated inflammatory markers (serum amyloid A and visfatin) in CMP cows. In conclusion, metabolic phenotypes (i.e., metabotype) with elevated protein and lipid metabolism and inflammation may precede CM in prepartal transition dairy cows. The discovered serum metabolites and lipids may assist in predictive diagnostics, prevention strategies, and early treatment intervention against CM, and thereby improve cow health and welfare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Zandkarimi
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331
| | - J Vanegas
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331
| | - X Fern
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331
| | - C S Maier
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331
| | - G Bobe
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331; Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Analysis of hard protein corona composition on selective iron oxide nanoparticles by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry: identification and amplification of a hidden mastitis biomarker in milk proteome. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0976-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
33
|
Agyei D, Tsopmo A, Udenigwe CC. Bioinformatics and peptidomics approaches to the discovery and analysis of food-derived bioactive peptides. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018. [PMID: 29516135 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0974-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
There are emerging advancements in the strategies used for the discovery and development of food-derived bioactive peptides because of their multiple food and health applications. Bioinformatics and peptidomics are two computational and analytical techniques that have the potential to speed up the development of bioactive peptides from bench to market. Structure-activity relationships observed in peptides form the basis for bioinformatics and in silico prediction of bioactive sequences encrypted in food proteins. Peptidomics, on the other hand, relies on "hyphenated" (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based) techniques for the detection, profiling, and quantitation of peptides. Together, bioinformatics and peptidomics approaches provide a low-cost and effective means of predicting, profiling, and screening bioactive protein hydrolysates and peptides from food. This article discuses the basis, strengths, and limitations of bioinformatics and peptidomics approaches currently used for the discovery and analysis of food-derived bioactive peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Agyei
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Apollinaire Tsopmo
- Food Science and Nutrition Program, Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Chibuike C Udenigwe
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada. .,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Comparative proteome and peptidome analysis of the cephalic fluid secreted by Arapaima gigas (Teleostei: Osteoglossidae) during and outside parental care. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186692. [PMID: 29065179 PMCID: PMC5655490 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Parental investment in Arapaima gigas includes nest building and guarding, followed by a care provision when a cephalic fluid is released from the parents’ head to the offspring. This fluid has presumably important functions for the offspring but so far its composition has not been characterised. In this study the proteome and peptidome of the cephalic secretion was studied in parental and non-parental fish using capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (CE-MS) and GeLC-MS/MS analyses. Multiple comparisons revealed 28 peptides were significantly different between males and parental males (PC-males), 126 between females and parental females (PC-females), 51 between males and females and 9 between PC-males and PC-females. Identification revealed peptides were produced in the inner ear (pcdh15b), eyes (tetraspanin and ppp2r3a), central nervous system (otud4, ribeye a, tjp1b and syn1) among others. A total of 422 proteins were also identified and gene ontology analysis revealed 28 secreted extracellular proteins. From these, 2 hormones (prolactin and stanniocalcin) and 12 proteins associated to immunological processes (serotransferrin, α-1-antitrypsin homolog, apolipoprotein A-I, and others) were identified. This study provides novel biochemical data on the lateral line fluid which will enable future hypotheses-driven experiments to better understand the physiological roles of the lateral line in chemical communication.
Collapse
|
35
|
Usman T, Wang Y, Liu C, He Y, Wang X, Dong Y, Wu H, Liu A, Yu Y. Novel SNPs in IL-17F and IL-17A genes associated with somatic cell count in Chinese Holstein and Inner-Mongolia Sanhe cattle. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2017; 8:5. [PMID: 28101335 PMCID: PMC5237346 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-016-0137-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bovine mastitis is the most common and costly disease of lactating cattle worldwide. Apart from milk somatic cell count (SCC) and somatic cell score (SCS), serum cytokines such as interleukin-17 (IL-17) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) may also be potential indicators for bovine mastitis. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in bovine IL-17F and IL-17A genes on SCC, SCS and serum cytokines in Chinese Holstein and Inner-Mongolia Sanhe cattle, and to compare the mRNA expression variations of the cows with different genotypes. Results A total of 464 lactating cows (337 Holstein and 127 Inner-Mongolia Sanhe cattle) were screened for SNPs identification and the data were analyzed using fixed effects of herd, parity, season and year of calving by general linear model procedure. The results revealed that SNP g.24392436C > T in IL-17F and SNP g.24345410A > G in IL-17A showed significant effects on SCC and IL-4 in Holstein (n = 337) and on IL-17 and IL-4 in Sanhe cattle (n = 127). The homozygous GG genotype of SNP g.24345410A > G had significantly higher mRNA expression compared with the heterozygous AG genotype. Conclusions The results indicate that IL-17F and IL-17A could be powerful candidate genes of mastitis resistance and the significant SNPs might be useful genetic markers against mastitis in both dairy and dual purpose cattle. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40104-016-0137-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Usman
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200 Pakistan
| | - Yachun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanghua He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Yichun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjun Wu
- Xieerltala Breeding Farm, Hailaer, 021012 Inner Mongolia China
| | - Airong Liu
- Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Administration Bureau, Hailaer, 021000 Inner Mongolia China
| | - Ying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture of China, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Dervishi E, Zhang G, Dunn SM, Mandal R, Wishart DS, Ametaj BN. GC-MS Metabolomics Identifies Metabolite Alterations That Precede Subclinical Mastitis in the Blood of Transition Dairy Cows. J Proteome Res 2016; 16:433-446. [PMID: 28152597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine alterations in the serum metabolites related to amino acid (AA), carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism in transition dairy cows before diagnosis of subclinical mastitis (SCM), during, and after diagnosis of disease. A subclinical mastitis case was determined as a cow having somatic cell count (SCC) > 200 000/mL of milk for two or more consecutive reports. Blood samples were collected from 100 Holstein dairy cows at five time points at -8 and -4 weeks before parturition, at the week of SCM diagnosis, and +4 and +8 weeks after parturition. Twenty healthy control cows (CON) and six cows that were diagnosed with SCM were selected for serum analysis with GC-MS. At -8 weeks a total of 13 metabolites were significantly altered in SCM cows. In addition, at the week of SCM diagnosis 17 metabolites were altered in these cows. Four weeks after parturition 10 metabolites were altered in SCM cows and at +8 weeks 11 metabolites were found to be different between the two groups. Valine (Val), serine (Ser), tyrosine (Tyr), and phenylalanine (Phe) had very good predictive abilities for SCM and could be used at -8 weeks and -4 weeks before calving. Combination of Val, isoleucine (Ile), Ser, and proline (Pro) can be used as diagnostic biomarkers of SCM during early stages of lactation at +4 to +8 weeks after parturition. In conclusion, SCM is preceded and followed by alteration in AA metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elda Dervishi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Guanshi Zhang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Suzanna M Dunn
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Rupasri Mandal
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Computing Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - David S Wishart
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Computing Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Burim N Ametaj
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Thomas FC, Mullen W, Tassi R, Ramírez-Torres A, Mudaliar M, McNeilly TN, Zadoks RN, Burchmore R, David Eckersall P. Mastitomics, the integrated omics of bovine milk in an experimental model of Streptococcus uberis mastitis: 1. High abundance proteins, acute phase proteins and peptidomics. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:2735-47. [PMID: 27412456 PMCID: PMC5048397 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00239k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A peptidomic investigation of milk from an experimental model of Streptococcus uberis mastitis in dairy cows has incorporated a study of milk high abundance and acute phase (APP) proteins as well as analysis of low molecular weight peptide biomarkers. Intramammary infection (IMI) with S. uberis caused a shift in abundance from caseins, β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin to albumin, lactoferrin and IgG with the increase in lactoferrin occurring last. The APP response of haptoglobin, mammary associated serum amyloid A3 and C-reactive protein occurred between 30-48 hours post challenge with peak concentrations of APPs at 72-96 hours post challenge and declined thereafter at a rate resembling the fall in bacterial count rather than the somatic cell count. A peptide biomarker panel for IMI based on capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry was developed. It comprised 77 identified peptides (IMI77) composed mainly of casein derived peptides but also including peptides of glycosylation dependent cell adhesion molecule and serum amyloid A. The panel had a biomarker classification score that increased from 36 hour to 81 hour post challenge, significantly differentiating infected from non-infected milk, thus suggesting potential as a peptide biomarker panel of bovine mastitis and specifically that of S. uberis origin. The use of omic technology has shown a multifactorial cross system reaction in high and low abundance proteins and their peptide derivatives with changes of over a thousand fold in analyte levels in response to S. uberis infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Funmilola Clara Thomas
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
| | - William Mullen
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow, UK
| | - Riccardo Tassi
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park/Bush Loan, Penicuik, UK
| | | | - Manikhandan Mudaliar
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK. and Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tom N McNeilly
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park/Bush Loan, Penicuik, UK
| | - Ruth N Zadoks
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK. and Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park/Bush Loan, Penicuik, UK
| | - Richard Burchmore
- Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - P David Eckersall
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Metabolic profile modifications in milk after enrofloxacin administration studied by liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1460:92-9. [PMID: 27425761 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
High resolution accurate mass spectrometry (HRMS) operating in full scan MS mode was used in the search and identification of metabolites in raw milk from cows medicated with enrofloxacin. Data consisting of m/z features were taken throughout the entire chromatogram of milk samples from medicated animals and were compared with blank samples. Twenty six different compounds were identified. Some of them were attributed to structures related to enrofloxacin while others were dipeptides or tripeptides. Additionally, enrofloxacin was administered in a controlled treatment for three days. Milk was collected daily from the first day of treatment and until four days after in the search for the identified compounds. The obtained data were chemometrically treated by Principal Component Analysis. Samples were classified by this method into three different groups corresponding to days 1-2, day 3 and days 4-7 considering the different concentration profile evolution of metabolites during the days studied. Tentative metabolic pathways were designed to rationalize the presence of the newly identified compounds.
Collapse
|
39
|
Reich M, Dacheva I, Nobl M, Siwy J, Schanstra JP, Mullen W, Koch FHJ, Kopitz J, Kretz FTA, Auffarth GU, Koss MJ. Proteomic Analysis of Vitreous Humor in Retinal Vein Occlusion. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158001. [PMID: 27362861 PMCID: PMC4928959 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To analyze the protein profile of human vitreous of untreated patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Methods Sixty-eight vitreous humor (VH) samples (44 from patients with treatment naïve RVO, 24 controls with idiopathic floaters) were analyzed in this clinical-experimental study using capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometer and tandem mass spectrometry. To define potential candidate protein markers of RVO, proteomic analysis was performed on RVO patients (n = 30) and compared with controls (n = 16). To determine validity of potential biomarker candidates in RVO, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was performed by using proteome data of independent RVO (n = 14) and control samples (n = 8). Results Ninety-four different proteins (736 tryptic peptides) could be identified. Sixteen proteins were found to be significant when comparing RVO and control samples (P = 1.43E-05 to 4.48E-02). Five proteins (Clusterin, Complement C3, Ig lambda-like polypeptide 5 (IGLL5), Opticin and Vitronectin), remained significant after using correction for multiple testing. These five proteins were also detected significant when comparing subgroups of RVO (central RVO, hemi-central RVO, branch RVO) to controls. Using independent samples ROC-Area under the curve was determined proving the validity of the results: Clusterin 0.884, Complement C3 0.955, IGLL5 1.000, Opticin 0.741, Vitronectin 0.786. In addition, validation through ELISA measurements was performed. Conclusion The results of the study reveal that the proteomic composition of VH differed significantly between the patients with RVO and the controls. The proteins identified may serve as potential biomarkers for pathogenesis induced by RVO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Reich
- Eye Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ivanka Dacheva
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Nobl
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Joost P. Schanstra
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1048, Institut of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Toulouse, France
- Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - William Mullen
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Frank H. J. Koch
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kopitz
- Department of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Gerd U. Auffarth
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael J. Koss
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Verma A, Ambatipudi K. Challenges and opportunities of bovine milk analysis by mass spectrometry. Clin Proteomics 2016; 13:8. [PMID: 27095950 PMCID: PMC4836106 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-016-9110-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine milk and its products (e.g. cheese, yoghurt) are an important part of human diet with beneficial effects for all ages. Although analyses of different milk components (e.g. proteins, lipids) pose huge challenges, the use of mass spectrometric (MS)-based techniques is steadily improving our understanding of the complexity of the biological traits that effect milk yield and its components to meet the global demand arising from population growth. In addition, different milk constituents have various applications in veterinary research and medicine, including early disease diagnosis. The aim of the review is to present an overview of the progress made in MS-based analysis of milk, and suggest a multi-pronged MS strategy to better explore different milk components for translational and clinical utilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667 India
| | - Kiran Ambatipudi
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667 India
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Miotto G, Magro M, Terzo M, Zaccarin M, Da Dalt L, Bonaiuto E, Baratella D, Gabai G, Vianello F. Protein corona as a proteome fingerprint: The example of hidden biomarkers for cow mastitis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 140:40-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
42
|
Gallego M, Mora L, Toldrá F. Peptidomics as a tool for quality control in dry-cured ham processing. J Proteomics 2016; 147:98-107. [PMID: 26926439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Spanish dry-cured ham is a high quality product whose economic value is mainly given by its curing time. An intense proteolysis takes place throughout the dry-cured processing, which results in the generation of a high amount of peptides and free amino acids responsible for the final quality of dry-cured hams. In this work, a peptidomics approach has been used to study the evolution of peptides throughout the ham dry-curing process, identifying and quantifying the generated peptides in order to define potential quality biomarkers. For this purpose, dry-cured ham extracts at different processing times (0, 2, 3.5, 5, 6.5 and 9months) were fractionated by size-exclusion chromatography and analysed by nanoliquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Differences obtained in the relative quantification of peptides by using a label-free methodology were useful to establish differences between processing times, being peptides generated by the degradation of myosin light chain 1 protein mainly responsible for the observed differences during the last stages of curing. In particular, APAPAPAPPKEEKI and PAPAPAPAPAPAPAPPKE, exclusively identified at 9months of curing, would be potential markers to control the time of curing and thus the final quality of dry-cured hams. Biological significance A peptidomics approach has been used to study the evolution of peptides throughout the ham dry-curing process, identifying peptides APAPAPAPPKEEKI and PAPAPAPAPAPAPAPPKE, which were only detected at 9months of process. So, they would constitute good potential markers to control the time of processing and thus the final quality of dry-cured hams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gallego
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Avenue Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Leticia Mora
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Avenue Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fidel Toldrá
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Avenue Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Guillemin N, Horvatić A, Kuleš J, Galan A, Mrljak V, Bhide M. Omics approaches to probe markers of disease resistance in animal sciences. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:2036-46. [DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00220j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Disease pathways can be explained into a list of biomarkers at different scales to develop applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N. Guillemin
- ERA Chair FP7
- Internal Diseases
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
- 10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - A. Horvatić
- ERA Chair FP7
- Internal Diseases
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
- 10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - J. Kuleš
- ERA Chair FP7
- Internal Diseases
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
- 10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - A. Galan
- ERA Chair FP7
- Internal Diseases
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
- 10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Vladimir Mrljak
- ERA Chair FP7
- Internal Diseases
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
- 10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - M. Bhide
- ERA Chair FP7
- Internal Diseases
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
- 10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kašička V. Recent developments in capillary and microchip electroseparations of peptides (2013-middle 2015). Electrophoresis 2015; 37:162-88. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, v.v.i; The Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pongthaisong P, Katawatin S, Thamrongyoswittayakul C, Roytrakul S. Milk protein profiles in response to Streptococcus agalactiae subclinical mastitis in dairy cows. Anim Sci J 2015; 87:92-8. [PMID: 26632331 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the milk protein profiles of normal milk and those of milk during the course of subclinical mastitis, caused by natural Streptococcus agalactiae infection. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry were used to assess protein profiles and to identify the proteins. The results showed that S. agalactiae subclinical mastitis altered the protein profiles of milk. Following Mascot database matching, 11 and 12 protein types were identified in the milk collected from healthy and S. agalactiae subclinical mastitic udders, respectively. The distinct presence of the antibacterial protein cathelicidin-1 was detected in infected milk samples, which in turn was highly correlated to the severity of subclinical mastitis as represented by the milk somatic cell count (r = 0.616), but not the bacterial count. The protein profile of milk reveals changes in the host response to S. agalactiae intramammary infection; cathelicidin-1 could therefore serve as a biomarker for the detection of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pongphol Pongthaisong
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center for Sustainable Economy, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suporn Katawatin
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center for Sustainable Economy, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology: (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chaiyapas Thamrongyoswittayakul
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Research Group of Preventive Technology in Livestock, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Dallas DC, Murray NM, Gan J. Proteolytic Systems in Milk: Perspectives on the Evolutionary Function within the Mammary Gland and the Infant. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2015; 20:133-47. [PMID: 26179272 PMCID: PMC4637187 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-015-9334-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk contains elements of numerous proteolytic systems (zymogens, active proteases, protease inhibitors and protease activators) produced in part from blood, in part by mammary epithelial cells and in part by immune cell secretion. Researchers have examined milk proteases for decades, as they can cause major defects in milk quality and cheese production. Most previous research has examined these proteases with the aim to eliminate or control their actions. However, our recent peptidomics research demonstrates that these milk proteases produce specific peptides in healthy milk and continue to function within the infant's gastrointestinal tract. These findings suggest that milk proteases have an evolutionary function in aiding the infant's digestion or releasing functional peptides. In other words, the mother provides the infant with not only dietary proteins but also the means to digest them. However, proteolysis in the milk is controlled by a balance of protease inhibitors and protease activators so that only a small portion of milk proteins are digested within the mammary gland. This regulation presents a question: If proteolysis is beneficial to the infant, what benefits are gained by preventing complete proteolysis through the presence of protease inhibitors? In addition to summarizing what is known about milk proteolytic systems, we explore possible evolutionary explanations for this proteolytic balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C Dallas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Niamh M Murray
- Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Junai Gan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Štěpánová S, Kašička V. Recent developments and applications of capillary and microchip electrophoresis in proteomic and peptidomic analyses. J Sep Sci 2015; 39:198-211. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sille Štěpánová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; The Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; The Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Celi P, Gabai G. Oxidant/Antioxidant Balance in Animal Nutrition and Health: The Role of Protein Oxidation. Front Vet Sci 2015; 2:48. [PMID: 26664975 PMCID: PMC4672199 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2015.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This review examines the role that oxidative stress (OS), and protein oxidation in particular, plays in nutrition, metabolism, and health of farm animals. The route by which redox homeostasis is involved in some important physiological functions and the implications of the impairment of oxidative status on animal health and diseases is also examined. Proteins have various and, at the same time, unique biological functions and their oxidation can result in structural changes and various functional modifications. Protein oxidation seems to be involved in pathological conditions, such as respiratory diseases and parasitic infection; however, some studies also suggest that protein oxidation plays a crucial role in the regulation of important physiological functions, such as reproduction, nutrition, metabolism, lactation, gut health, and neonatal physiology. As the characterization of the mechanisms by which OS may influence metabolism and health is attracting considerable scientific interest, the aim of this review is to present veterinary scientists and clinicians with various aspects of oxidative damage to proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Celi
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, Columbia, MD, USA
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Gianfranco Gabai
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Duarte CM, Freitas PP, Bexiga R. Technological advances in bovine mastitis diagnosis: an overview. J Vet Diagn Invest 2015; 27:665-72. [PMID: 26450837 DOI: 10.1177/1040638715603087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is an economic burden for dairy farmers and preventive control measures are crucial for the sustainability of any dairy business. The identification of etiological agents is necessary in controlling the disease, reducing risk of chronic infections and targeting antimicrobial therapy. The suitability of a detection method for routine diagnosis depends on several factors, including specificity, sensitivity, cost, time in producing results, and suitability for large-scale sampling of milk. This article focuses on current methodologies for identification of mastitis pathogens and for detection of inflammation, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of different methods. Emerging technologies, such as transcriptome and proteome analyses and nano- and microfabrication of portable devices, offer promising, sensitive methods for advanced detection of mastitis pathogens and biomarkers of inflammation. The demand for alternative, fast, and reliable diagnostic procedures is rising as farms become bigger. Several examples of technological and scientific advances are summarized which have given rise to more sensitive, reliable and faster diagnostic results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla M Duarte
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal (Duarte, Bexiga)Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering-Microsystems and Nanotechnology (INESC-MN), Lisbon, Portugal (Duarte, Freitas)International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal (Freitas)
| | - Paulo P Freitas
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal (Duarte, Bexiga)Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering-Microsystems and Nanotechnology (INESC-MN), Lisbon, Portugal (Duarte, Freitas)International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal (Freitas)
| | - Ricardo Bexiga
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal (Duarte, Bexiga)Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering-Microsystems and Nanotechnology (INESC-MN), Lisbon, Portugal (Duarte, Freitas)International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal (Freitas)
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Acunha T, Ibáñez C, García-Cañas V, Simó C, Cifuentes A. Recent advances in the application of capillary electromigration methods for food analysis and Foodomics. Electrophoresis 2015; 37:111-41. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanize Acunha
- Laboratory of Foodomics; CIAL, CSIC; Madrid Spain
- CAPES Foundation; Ministry of Education of Brazil; Brasília DF Brazil
| | - Clara Ibáñez
- Laboratory of Foodomics; CIAL, CSIC; Madrid Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|