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Guimarães TR, Swanson E, Kofler J, Thathiah A. G protein-coupled receptor kinases are associated with Alzheimer's disease pathology. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2021; 47:942-957. [PMID: 34164834 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterised by extracellular deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) in amyloid plaques and intracellular aggregation and accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau in neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Although several kinases have been identified to contribute to the pathological phosphorylation of tau, kinase-targeted therapies for AD have not been successful in clinical trials. Critically, the kinases responsible for numerous identified tau phosphorylation sites remain unknown. G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) kinases (GRKs) have recently been implicated in phosphorylation of non-GPCR substrates, for example, tubulin and α-synuclein, and in neurological disorders, including schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. Accordingly, we investigated the involvement of GRKs in the pathophysiology of AD. METHODS We performed a comprehensive immunohistochemical and biochemical analysis of the ubiquitously expressed GRKs, namely, GRK2, 3, 5 and 6, in postmortem human brain tissue of control subjects and AD patients. RESULTS GRKs display unique cell-type-specific expression patterns in neurons, astrocytes and microglia. Levels of GRKs 2, 5 and 6 are specifically decreased in the CA1 region of the AD hippocampus. Biochemical evidence indicates that the GRKs differentially associate with total, soluble and insoluble pools of tau in the AD brain. Complementary immunohistochemical studies indicate that the GRKs differentially colocalise with total tau, phosphorylated tau and NFTs. Notably, GRKs 3 and 5 also colocalise with amyloid plaques. CONCLUSION These studies establish a link between GRKs and the pathological phosphorylation and accumulation of tau and amyloid pathology in AD brains and suggest a novel role for these kinases in regulation of the pathological hallmarks of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Rafael Guimarães
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eric Swanson
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julia Kofler
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Amantha Thathiah
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Brain Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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2
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Sellgren CM, Imbeault S, Larsson MK, Oliveros A, Nilsson IAK, Codeluppi S, Orhan F, Bhat M, Tufvesson-Alm M, Gracias J, Kegel ME, Zheng Y, Faka A, Svedberg M, Powell SB, Caldwell S, Kamenski ME, Vawter MP, Schulmann A, Goiny M, Svensson CI, Hökfelt T, Schalling M, Schwieler L, Cervenka S, Choi DS, Landén M, Engberg G, Erhardt S. GRK3 deficiency elicits brain immune activation and psychosis. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:6820-6832. [PMID: 33976392 PMCID: PMC8760053 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01106-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) family member protein GRK3 has been linked to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Expression, as well as protein levels, of GRK3 are reduced in post-mortem prefrontal cortex of schizophrenia subjects. Here, we investigate functional behavior and neurotransmission related to immune activation and psychosis using mice lacking functional Grk3 and utilizing a variety of methods, including behavioral, biochemical, electrophysiological, molecular, and imaging methods. Compared to wildtype controls, the Grk3-/- mice show a number of aberrations linked to psychosis, including elevated brain levels of IL-1β, increased turnover of kynurenic acid (KYNA), hyper-responsiveness to D-amphetamine, elevated spontaneous firing of midbrain dopamine neurons, and disruption in prepulse inhibition. Analyzing human genetic data, we observe a link between psychotic features in bipolar disorder, decreased GRK expression, and increased concentration of CSF KYNA. Taken together, our data suggest that Grk3-/- mice show face and construct validity relating to the psychosis phenotype with glial activation and would be suitable for translational studies of novel immunomodulatory agents in psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl M. Sellgren
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sophie Imbeault
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus K. Larsson
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alfredo Oliveros
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Ida A. K. Nilsson
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Translational Psychiatry, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.24381.3c0000 0000 9241 5705Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simone Codeluppi
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Funda Orhan
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Bhat
- grid.418151.80000 0001 1519 6403Research and Development, Innovative Medicines, Personalised Healthcare and Biomarkers, Translational Science Centre, Science for Life Laboratory, AstraZeneca, Solna, Sweden ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maximilian Tufvesson-Alm
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jessica Gracias
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magdalena E. Kegel
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yiran Zheng
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anthi Faka
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Svedberg
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susan B. Powell
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Sorana Caldwell
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Mary E. Kamenski
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Marquis P. Vawter
- grid.266093.80000 0001 0668 7243Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Anton Schulmann
- grid.416868.50000 0004 0464 0574Human Genetics Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Michel Goiny
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Camilla I. Svensson
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Hökfelt
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Schalling
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Translational Psychiatry, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.24381.3c0000 0000 9241 5705Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lilly Schwieler
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simon Cervenka
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN USA ,grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Mikael Landén
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Engberg
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sophie Erhardt
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Moreira J, Noé G, Rangarajan S, Courtin C, Etain B, Geoffroy PA, Laplanche JL, Vidal M, Bellivier F, Marie-Claire C. Lithium effects on serine-threonine kinases activity: High throughput kinomic profiling of lymphoblastoid cell lines from excellent-responders and non-responders bipolar patients. World J Biol Psychiatry 2020; 21:317-324. [PMID: 29893160 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2018.1487078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Lithium is the leading mood stabiliser for maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder (BD). However, response to lithium is heterogeneous with more than 60% of patients experiencing partial or no response. In vitro and in vivo molecular studies have reported the implication of kinases in the pathophysiology of BD.Methods: Since kinases are putative targets for lithium therapeutic action, we conducted the first pilot study using kinase array technology to evaluate the global serine/threonine kinases (STK) profiles in cell lines from BD I subtype patients classified as lithium excellent-responders (ER) and non-responder (NR) to lithium treatment.Results: We found significant differences in the basal STK profiles between ER and NR to lithium. We also tested lithium influence on the global STK profile and found no significant difference between ER vs NR cell lines.Conclusions: The results obtained in this exploratory study suggest that multiplex kinase activity profiling could provide a complementary approach in the study of biomarkers of therapeutic response in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeverson Moreira
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERM U1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Noé
- AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Biologie du medicament-Toxicologie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,UMR8638 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Cindie Courtin
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERM U1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Etain
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERM U1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis - Lariboisière - F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Pierre A Geoffroy
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERM U1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis - Lariboisière - F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Louis Laplanche
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERM U1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Département de Biochimie and Biologie moléculaire, AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis - Lariboisière - F. Widal, Paris, France
| | - Michel Vidal
- AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Biologie du medicament-Toxicologie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,UMR8638 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERM U1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis - Lariboisière - F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, France.,Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Cynthia Marie-Claire
- Variabilité de réponse aux psychotropes, INSERM U1144/Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Peedicayil J, Kumar A. Epigenetic Drugs for Mood Disorders. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 157:151-174. [PMID: 29933949 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that changes in epigenetic mechanisms of gene expression are involved in the pathogenesis of mood disorders. Such evidence stems from studies conducted on postmortem brain tissues and peripheral cells or tissues of patients with mood disorders. This article describes and discusses the epigenetic changes in the mood disorders (major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder) found to date. The article also describes and discusses preclinical drug trials of epigenetic drugs for treating mood disorders. In addition, nonrandomized and randomized controlled trials of nutritional drugs with effects on epigenetic mechanisms of gene expression in patients with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder are discussed. Trials of epigenetic drugs and nutritional drugs with epigenetic effects are showing promising results for the treatment of mood disorders. Thus, epigenetic drugs and nutritional drugs with epigenetic effects could be useful in the treatment of patients with these disorders.
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5
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Cellular models to study bipolar disorder: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2015; 184:36-50. [PMID: 26070045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an emerging interest in the use of cellular models to study psychiatric disorders. We have systematically reviewed the application of cellular models to understand the biological basis of bipolar disorder (BD). METHOD Published scientific literature in MEDLINE, PsychINFO and SCOPUS databases were identified with the following search strategy: [(Lymphoblastoid OR Lymphoblast OR Fibroblast OR Pluripotent OR Olfactory epithelium OR Olfactory mucosa) AND (Bipolar disorder OR Lithium OR Valproate OR Mania)]. Studies were included if they had used cell cultures derived from BD patients. RESULTS There were 65 articles on lymphoblastoid cell lines, 14 articles on fibroblasts, 4 articles on olfactory neuronal epithelium (ONE) and 2 articles on neurons reprogrammed from induced pluripotent stem cell lines (IPSC). Several parameters have been studied, and the most replicated findings are abnormalities in calcium signaling, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, mitochondrial oxidative pathway, membrane ion channels, circadian system and apoptosis related genes. These, although present in basal state, seem to be accentuated in the presence of cellular stressors (e.g. oxidative stress--rotenone; ER stress--thapsigargin), and are often reversed with in-vitro lithium. CONCLUSION Cellular modeling has proven useful in BD, and potential pathways, especially in cellular resilience related mechanisms have been identified. These findings show consistency with other study designs (genome-wide association, brain-imaging, and post-mortem brain expression). ONE cells and IPSC reprogrammed neurons represent the next generation of cell models in BD. Future studies should focus on family-based study designs and combine cell models with deep sequencing and genetic manipulations.
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Munkholm K, Vinberg M, Berk M, Kessing LV. State-related alterations of gene expression in bipolar disorder: a systematic review. Bipolar Disord 2012; 14:684-96. [PMID: 23043691 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alterations in gene expression in bipolar disorder have been found in numerous studies. It is unclear whether such alterations are related to specific mood states. As a biphasic disorder, mood state-related alterations in gene expression have the potential to point to markers of disease activity, and trait-related alterations might indicate vulnerability pathways. This review therefore evaluated the evidence for whether gene expression in bipolar disorder is state or trait related. METHODS A systematic review, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline for reporting systematic reviews, based on comprehensive database searches for studies on gene expression in patients with bipolar disorder in specific mood states, was conducted. We searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and The Cochrane Library, supplemented by manually searching reference lists from retrieved publications. RESULTS A total of 17 studies were included, comprising 565 patients and 418 control individuals. Six studies evaluated intraindividual alterations in gene expression across mood states. Two of five studies found evidence of intraindividual alterations in gene expression between a depressed state and a euthymic state. No studies evaluated intraindividual differences in gene expression between a manic state and a euthymic state, while only one case study evaluated differences between a manic state and a depressed state, finding altered expression in seven genes. No study investigated intraindividual variations in gene expression between a euthymic state and multiple states of various polarities (depressive, manic, hypomanic). Intraindividual alterations in expression of the same genes were not investigated across studies. Only one gene (the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene; BDNF) was investigated across multiple studies, showing no alteration between bipolar disorder patients and control individuals. CONCLUSIONS There is evidence of some genes exhibiting state-related alterations in expression in bipolar disorder; however, this finding is limited by the lack of replication across studies. Further prospective studies are warranted, measuring gene expression in various affective phases, allowing for assessment of intraindividual differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Munkholm
- Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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