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Pan SY, Gu YR, Zhao G, Wang Y, Qin ZH, Tang QY, Qin YY, Li Luo. NADPH mimics the antidepressant effects of exercise in a chronic unpredictable stress rat model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 731:150360. [PMID: 39018970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Exercise is known to be an effective intervention for depression. NADPH has been demonstrated to have neuroprotective effects in our previous studies. This study aimed to investigate if NADPH has antidepressant effects and can mimic the effects of exercise in a chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) rat model. CUS rats underwent an 8-week swimming exercise (30 min/d, 5d/w) or were intraperitoneally administered 4 mg/kg or 8 mg/kg NADPH. The open field test (OFT), sucrose preference test (SPT), novelty-suppressed feeding test (NSFT), and forced swimming test (FST) were used to examine the antidepressant-like behaviors of the rats. Exercise, 4 mg/kg, and 8 mg/kg NADPH similarly reduced anxiety, as demonstrated by the number of fecal pellets. Meanwhile, exercise and 8 mg/kg NADPH significantly increased locomotion activity in the OFT. Exercise, 4 mg/kg, and 8 mg/kg NADPH effectively reversed CUS-induced anhedonia in rats in the SPT. Exercise, 4 mg/kg, and 8 mg/kg NADPH had no impact on appetite of depressed rats; however, 8 mg/kg NADPH increased the rats' exploratory activity in the NSFT. Exercise, 4 mg/kg, and 8 mg/kg NADPH significantly reduced the immobility time of CUS model rats, while exercise and 8 mg/kg NADPH postponed the early CUS-induced "immobility" in the FST. These results demonstrated that NADPH has similar antidepressant-like effects to exercise in CUS-induced depression model rats and is a potential exercise-mimicking antidepressant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Yao Pan
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Yan-Rong Gu
- Changshu Xupu High School, Suzhou, 215513, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nan'ao People's Hospital of Dapeng New District, Shenzhen, 518121, China.
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases (SZS0703), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Soochow University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Qiu-Yue Tang
- Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Qin
- Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Li Luo
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China.
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2
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Xu L, Zhai X, Shi D, Zhang Y. Depression and coronary heart disease: mechanisms, interventions, and treatments. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1328048. [PMID: 38404466 PMCID: PMC10884284 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1328048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD), a cardiovascular condition that poses a significant threat to human health and life, has imposed a substantial economic burden on the world. However, in contrast to conventional risk factors, depression emerges as a novel and independent risk factor for CHD. This condition impacts the onset and progression of CHD and elevates the risk of adverse cardiovascular prognostic events in those already affected by CHD. As a result, depression has garnered increasing global attention. Despite this growing awareness, the specific mechanisms through which depression contributes to the development of CHD remain unclear. Existing research suggests that depression primarily influences the inflammatory response, Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis (HPA) and Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) dysfunction, platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, lipid metabolism disorders, and genetics, all of which play pivotal roles in CHD development. Furthermore, the effectiveness and safety of antidepressant treatment in CHD patients with comorbid depression and its potential impact on the prognosis of CHD patients have become subjects of controversy. Further investigation is warranted to address these unresolved questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhai
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dazhuo Shi
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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3
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Kuebler WM, William N, Post M, Acker JP, McVey MJ. Extracellular vesicles: effectors of transfusion-related acute lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L327-L341. [PMID: 37310760 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00040.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory transfusion reactions represent some of the most severe adverse reactions related to receiving blood products. Of those, transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is associated with elevated morbidity and mortality. TRALI is characterized by severe lung injury associated with inflammation, pulmonary neutrophil infiltration, lung barrier leak, and increased interstitial and airspace edema that cause respiratory failure. Presently, there are few means of detecting TRALI beyond clinical definitions based on physical examination and vital signs or preventing/treating TRALI beyond supportive care with oxygen and positive pressure ventilation. Mechanistically, TRALI is thought to be mediated by the culmination of two successive proinflammatory hits, which typically comprise a recipient factor (1st hit-e.g., systemic inflammatory conditions) and a donor factor (2nd hit-e.g., blood products containing pathogenic antibodies or bioactive lipids). An emerging concept in TRALI research is the contribution of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in mediating the first and/or second hit in TRALI. EVs are small, subcellular, membrane-bound vesicles that circulate in donor and recipient blood. Injurious EVs may be released by immune or vascular cells during inflammation, by infectious bacteria, or in blood products during storage, and can target the lung upon systemic dissemination. This review assesses emerging concepts such as how EVs: 1) mediate TRALI, 2) represent targets for therapeutic intervention to prevent or treat TRALI, and 3) serve as biochemical biomarkers facilitating TRALI diagnosis and detection in at-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nishaka William
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Post
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason P Acker
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Innovation and Portfolio Management, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mark J McVey
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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4
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Winiarska-Mieczan A, Kwiecień M, Jachimowicz-Rogowska K, Donaldson J, Tomaszewska E, Baranowska-Wójcik E. Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Neuroprotective Effects of Polyphenols-Polyphenols as an Element of Diet Therapy in Depressive Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032258. [PMID: 36768580 PMCID: PMC9916817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Depressive disorders can affect up to 350 million people worldwide, and in developed countries, the percentage of patients with depressive disorders may be as high as 10%. During depression, activation of pro-inflammatory pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased markers of oxidative stress, and a reduction in the antioxidant effectiveness of the body are observed. It is estimated that approximately 30% of depressed patients do not respond to traditional pharmacological treatments. However, more and more attention is being paid to the influence of active ingredients in food on the course and risk of neurological disorders, including depression. The possibility of using foods containing polyphenols as an element of diet therapy in depression was analyzed in the review. The possibility of whether the consumption of products such as polyphenols could alleviate the course of depression or prevent the progression of it was also considered. Results from preclinical studies demonstrate the potential of phenolic compounds have the potential to reduce depressive behaviors by regulating factors related to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and modulation of the intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Winiarska-Mieczan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-445-67-44
| | - Małgorzata Kwiecień
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Karolina Jachimowicz-Rogowska
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Janine Donaldson
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Ewa Tomaszewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 12, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Baranowska-Wójcik
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna St. 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
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Li X, Mao Y, Zhu S, Ma J, Gao S, Jin X, Wei Z, Geng Y. Relationship between depressive disorders and biochemical indicators in adult men and women. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:49. [PMID: 36653784 PMCID: PMC9847124 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04536-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a psychiatric disorder with global public health concerns. Although a number of risk factors have been identified for depression, there is no clear relationship between biochemistry and depression. In this study, we assessed whether depressive disorders are significantly associated with biochemical indicators. METHODS Our study included 17,561 adults (age ≥ 18 years) participating in the 2009-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The relationship between depression and biochemical and obesity indicators was analyzed by logistic regression. RESULTS As compared to the control group, men with depression showed significantly higher levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase, glucose, and triglycerides, and lower levels of albumin and total bilirubin. The depressed group had higher levels of alkaline phosphatase, bicarbonate, and sodium than the control group. CONCLUSION Several biochemical and anthropometric indices were associated with depression in this study. It would be interesting to further analyze their cause-effect relationship. LIMITATIONS This study is a cross-sectional study. The population is less restricted and does not exclude people with diabetes, pregnancy, etc., so it is less significant for a specific population. Dietary information was not included, as diet plays an important role in many indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Li
- grid.452458.aDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031 China
| | - Yafei Mao
- grid.452458.aDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031 China
| | - Shumin Zhu
- grid.452458.aDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031 China
| | - Jin Ma
- grid.452209.80000 0004 1799 0194Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shichao Gao
- grid.452458.aDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031 China
| | - Xiuyu Jin
- grid.452458.aDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031 China
| | - Zishuan Wei
- grid.452582.cResearch Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yulan Geng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China.
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6
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Pagni G, Tagliarini C, Carbone MG, Imbimbo BP, Marazziti D, Pomara N. Different Sides of Depression in the Elderly: An In-depth View on the Role of Aβ Peptides. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:5731-5757. [PMID: 34547994 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210921164816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late-onset depression (LOD) is the most common neuropsychiatric disorder associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), often associated with structural and functional brain changes, neuropsychological impairments and negative family history for affective disorders. LOD could be a risk factor or a prodromal phase of AD; this has led to the investigation of the link between depression and amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides by measuring Aβ levels in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brains of elderly depressed subjects. OBJECTIVE Clarify the complex relationship between depression, Aβ peptides and AD. METHOD We evaluated all articles published up to 2019 in PubMed in which Aβ was measured in serum (or plasma), CSF or brain in elderly with Major Depressive Disorder or depressive symptoms evaluated with standard scales. RESULTS Low plasma Aβ42 levels are strongly associated with depression severity. Plasma Aβ40 levels are higher in younger depressed, drug-resistant and those with more severe symptoms. CSF Aβ42 levels are lower in depressed than controls. PET-detected global and region-specific increases in Aβ deposition are sometimes associated with LOD, cognitive impairment, anxiety but not with Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs)/CVD risk factors. Elderly depressed with CVDs/CVD risk factors have more frequently high plasma Aβ40 levels and drug-resistance; those without these co-morbidities have low plasma Aβ42 levels and a greater cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION Two specific Aβ profiles emerge in elderly depressed. One is associated with Aβ42 reductions in plasma and CSF, possibly reflecting increased brain amyloid deposition and prodromal AD. The other one is characterized by high plasma Aβ40 levels, cerebrovascular disease and clinically associated with increased AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovann Pagni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 57, 56100. Italy
| | - Claudia Tagliarini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 57, 56100. Italy
| | - Manuel Glauco Carbone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 57, 56100. Italy
| | | | - Donatella Marazziti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 57, 56100. Italy
| | - Nunzio Pomara
- Geriatric Psychiatry Department, Nathan S. Kline Institute, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962. United States
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7
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Association of depressive disorder with biochemical and anthropometric indices in adult men and women. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13596. [PMID: 34193938 PMCID: PMC8245492 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common psychiatric disorder. Although many risk factors for depression have been reported, the associations of biochemical and anthropometric indices with depressive disorder remain unclear. The objective of this study was to assess whether there are significant associations of depressive disorder with biochemical and obesity indices. This study was based on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2018, and logistic regression was performed to examine the association of depression with biochemical and obesity indices. A total of 33,993 subjects were included in the analyses. Study subjects consisted of 13,178 men in the control group (mean age of 51.12 years), 509 men in the depression group (53.67), 18,279 women in the control group (50.5), and 2027 women in the depression group (55.39). Among men, the depression group was significantly more likely to have a lower height and weight than the control group. Compared to the control group, the depression group was more likely to have higher triglyceride levels and tended to have lower hematocrit and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. Among women, the depression group was more likely to have higher triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), BUN, and creatinine levels and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), hematocrit, and red blood cell counts. Several biochemical and anthropometric indices used in this study were associated with depressive disorder, but these associations may differ according to sex.
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8
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Morris G, Berk M, Walder K, O'Neil A, Maes M, Puri BK. The lipid paradox in neuroprogressive disorders: Causes and consequences. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:35-57. [PMID: 34118292 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic systemic inflammation is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in an environment of low low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and low total cholesterol and with the pathophysiology of neuroprogressive disorders. The causes and consequences of this lipid paradox are explored. Circulating activated neutrophils can release inflammatory molecules such as myeloperoxidase and the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Since activated neutrophils are associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease and with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, it seems reasonable to hypothesise that the inflammatory molecules released by them may act as mediators of the link between systemic inflammation and the development of atherosclerosis in neuroprogressive disorders. This hypothesis is tested by considering the association at a molecular level of systemic inflammation with increased LDL oxidation; increased small dense LDL levels; increased lipoprotein (a) concentration; secretory phospholipase A2 activation; cytosolic phospholipase A2 activation; increased platelet activation; decreased apolipoprotein A1 levels and function; decreased paroxonase-1 activity; hyperhomocysteinaemia; and metabolic endotoxaemia. These molecular mechanisms suggest potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, the Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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Beyond Haemostasis and Thrombosis: Platelets in Depression and Its Co-Morbidities. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228817. [PMID: 33233416 PMCID: PMC7700239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alongside their function in primary haemostasis and thrombo-inflammation, platelets are increasingly considered a bridge between mental, immunological and coagulation-related disorders. This review focuses on the link between platelets and the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) and its most frequent comorbidities. Platelet- and neuron-shared proteins involved in MDD are functionally described. Platelet-related studies performed in the context of MDD, cardiovascular disease, and major neurodegenerative, neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders are transversally presented from an epidemiological, genetic and functional point of view. To provide a complete scenario, we report the analysis of original data on the epidemiological link between platelets and depression symptoms suggesting moderating and interactive effects of sex on this association. Epidemiological and genetic studies discussed suggest that blood platelets might also be relevant biomarkers of MDD prediction and occurrence in the context of MDD comorbidities. Finally, this review has the ambition to formulate some directives and perspectives for future research on this topic.
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The Relationship between Suicide and Oxidative Stress in a Group of Psychiatric Inpatients. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113462. [PMID: 33126414 PMCID: PMC7693103 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of suicide risk is a clinical challenge requiring an interdisciplinary therapeutic approach. Except for psychological explanation of the suicidal mechanism, there is evidence that it is associated with brain chemistry disturbances as oxidative stress. The objective of this study was to explore the role of oxidative stress components in suicidality comparing subjects at different stages of suicide. The study included psychiatric inpatients aged 18–64 (n = 48) with different psychiatric diagnoses. Blood specimens were collected from subjects and tested for oxidative stress biomarkers: superoxide dismutase (SOD), dityrozine (DT), oxidative stress index (OSI), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant capacity (TAC trolox), ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), total oxidant status (TOS), catalase (CAT), advanced glycoxidation end products (AGE), NADPH oxidase (NOX), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP). The Columbia Severity Suicide Scale (C-SSRS) was used for suicidality assessment. Subjects with a history of suicide ideations over the last three months had significantly higher levels of NOX, AOPP, and OSI. There was no significant relationship to any oxidative stress component levels either with a history of suicide behaviors or with suicide attempts over the last three months. The levels of NOX and AOPP were both positively correlated to the intensity of suicidal thoughts. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between a number of suicide attempts during a lifetime with AGE and DT and negative with CAT. Similarly, the subjects with a history of suicide attempts had significantly higher AGE and DT levels and lower CAT values. The study confirmed that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of suicide and specific oxidative stress measures vary in suicidal and non-suicidal psychiatric inpatients.
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11
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Morris G, Puri BK, Olive L, Carvalho A, Berk M, Walder K, Gustad LT, Maes M. Endothelial dysfunction in neuroprogressive disorders-causes and suggested treatments. BMC Med 2020; 18:305. [PMID: 33070778 PMCID: PMC7570030 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01749-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Potential routes whereby systemic inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction may drive the development of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, even in an environment of low cholesterol, are examined. MAIN TEXT Key molecular players involved in the regulation of endothelial cell function are described, including PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, VEGFRs, SFK, Rho GEF TRIO, RAC-1, ITAM, SHP-2, MAPK/ERK, STAT-3, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, eNOS, nitric oxide, miRNAs, KLF-4 and KLF-2. The key roles of platelet activation, xanthene oxidase and myeloperoxidase in the genesis of endothelial cell dysfunction and activation are detailed. The following roles of circulating reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the development of endothelial cell dysfunction are then described: paracrine signalling by circulating hydrogen peroxide, inhibition of eNOS and increased levels of mitochondrial ROS, including compromised mitochondrial dynamics, loss of calcium ion homeostasis and inactivation of SIRT-1-mediated signalling pathways. Next, loss of cellular redox homeostasis is considered, including further aspects of the roles of hydrogen peroxide signalling, the pathological consequences of elevated NF-κB, compromised S-nitrosylation and the development of hypernitrosylation and increased transcription of atherogenic miRNAs. These molecular aspects are then applied to neuroprogressive disorders by considering the following potential generators of endothelial dysfunction and activation in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: NF-κB; platelet activation; atherogenic miRs; myeloperoxidase; xanthene oxidase and uric acid; and inflammation, oxidative stress, nitrosative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Finally, on the basis of the above molecular mechanisms, details are given of potential treatment options for mitigating endothelial cell dysfunction and activation in neuroprogressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Lisa Olive
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Andre Carvalho
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, the Department of Psychiatry and the Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Ken Walder
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Lise Tuset Gustad
- Department of Circulation and medical imaging, Norwegian University of Technology and Science (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger Hospital, Levanger, Norway
| | - Michael Maes
- IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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12
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Novel Insight into Neuroimmune Regulatory Mechanisms and Biomarkers Linking Major Depression and Vascular Diseases: The Dilemma Continues. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072317. [PMID: 32230840 PMCID: PMC7177743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) represents a serious health problem estimated to affect 350 million people globally. Importantly, MDD has repeatedly emerged as an etiological or prognostic factor in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development, including vascular pathology. Several linking pathomechanisms between MDD and CVD involve abnormal autonomic regulation, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction as an early preclinical stage of atherosclerosis. However, the cause of accelerated atherosclerosis in MDD patients remains unclear. Recently, the causal relationships between MDD and mediator (e.g., inflammation and/or endothelial dysfunction), as well as the causal pathways from the mediator to atherosclerosis, were discussed. Specifically, MDD is accompanied by immune dysregulation, resulting in increased production of proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α), which could lead to depression-linked abnormalities in brain function. Further, MDD has an adverse effect on endothelial function; for example, circulating markers of endothelial dysfunction (e.g., soluble adhesion molecules, von Willebrand factor) have been linked with depression. Additionally, MDD-linked autonomic dysregulation, which is characterized by disrupted sympathovagal balance associated with excessive circulating catecholamines, can contribute to CVD. Taken together, activated inflammatory response, endothelial dysfunction, and autonomic dysregulation could affect gradual atherosclerosis progression, resulting in a higher risk of developing CVD in MDD. This review focused on the pathomechanisms linking MDD and CVD with respect to neuroimmune regulation, and the description of promising biomarkers, which is important for the early diagnosis and personalized prevention of CVD in major depression.
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Hu J, Zhou W, Zhou Z, Han J, Dong W. Elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios predict post-stroke depression with acute ischemic stroke. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2497-2504. [PMID: 32256727 PMCID: PMC7086204 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is the most prevalent psychiatric complication of acute ischemic stroke. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are indicators of inflammation and are associated with stroke and depression. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between NLR/PLR and PSD. Retrospective analysis was carried out in 376 patients with first-ever acute ischemic stroke in the First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College between March 2015 and September 2017. Patients were divided into PSD (n=104; 27.7%) and non-PSD (n=272; 72.3%) groups according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV criteria at 6 months after stroke. Clinical data were collected retrospectively. NLR and PLR were acquired retrospectively from the routine blood tests performed at admission. A total of 120 healthy volunteers from the physical examination center in the First Affiliated Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College were recruited as controls. Using logistic regression analysis, NLR (≥4.02) and PLR (≥203.74) were independently associated with PSD. NLR, odds ratio (OR) 3.926, 95% confidence intervals (CI, 2.365-7.947), P<0.001; PLR, OR 3.853, 95% CI (2.214-6.632), P=0.002. The ability of the combined index [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.701; 95% CI (0.622-0.780); P<0.001] to diagnose PSD was greater than that of either ratio alone. Higher NLRs and PLRs (≥4th quartile) were associated with PSD with a 5.79-fold (P<0.001) increase compared with lower levels of both. Higher NLRs and PLRs were found to be associated with depression 6 months after stroke, and the combined index was more meaningful than either alone in the early clinical detection of PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China.,Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Zhiming Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Jian Han
- Department of Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241001, P.R. China
| | - Wanli Dong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
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Greaney JL, Saunders EFH, Santhanam L, Alexander LM. Oxidative Stress Contributes to Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Men and Women With Major Depressive Disorder. Circ Res 2019; 124:564-574. [PMID: 30582458 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.313764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE In rodent models of depression, oxidative stress-induced reductions in NO bioavailability contribute to impaired endothelium-dependent dilation. Endothelial dysfunction is evident in major depressive disorder (MDD); however, the molecular mediators remain undefined. OBJECTIVE We sought to translate preclinical findings to humans by testing the role of oxidative stress in mediating microvascular endothelial dysfunction, including potential modulatory influences of sex, in MDD. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-four treatment-naive, otherwise healthy, young adults with MDD (14 women; 18-23 years) and 20 healthy adults (10 women; 19-30 years) participated. Red blood cell flux (laser Doppler flowmetry) was measured during graded intradermal microdialysis perfusion of the endothelium-dependent agonist acetylcholine, alone and in combination with an NO synthase inhibitor (L-NAME), a superoxide scavenger (Tempol), and an NADPH oxidase inhibitor (apocynin), as well as during perfusion of the endothelium-independent agonist sodium nitroprusside. Tissue oxidative stress markers (eg, nitrotyrosine abundance, superoxide production) were also quantified. Endothelium-dependent dilation was blunted in MDD and mediated by reductions in NO-dependent dilation. Endothelium-independent dilation was likewise attenuated in MDD. In MDD, there were no sex differences in either NO-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation or endothelium-independent dilation. Acute scavenging of superoxide or inhibition of NADPH oxidase improved NO-dependent dilation in MDD. Expression and activity of oxidative stress markers were increased in MDD. In a subset of adults with MDD treated with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor for their depressive symptoms and in remission (n=8; 7 women; 19-37 years), NO-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation was preserved, but endothelium-independent dilation was impaired, compared with healthy adults. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress-induced reductions in NO-dependent dilation, as well as alterations in vascular smooth muscle function, directly contribute to microvascular dysfunction in MDD. Strategies targeting vascular oxidative stress may be viable therapeutic options for improving NO-mediated endothelial function and reducing cardiovascular risk in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody L Greaney
- From the Noll Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park (J.L.G., L.M.A.)
| | - Erika F H Saunders
- Department of Psychiatry, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA (E.F.H.S.)
| | - Lakshmi Santhanam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (L.S.)
| | - Lacy M Alexander
- From the Noll Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park (J.L.G., L.M.A.)
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Jain N, Wan F, Kothari M, Adelodun A, Ware J, Sarode R, Hedayati SS. Association of platelet function with depression and its treatment with sertraline in patients with chronic kidney disease: analysis of a randomized trial. BMC Nephrol 2019; 20:395. [PMID: 31664940 PMCID: PMC6819518 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1576-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) can lead to adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although one of the proposed mechanisms is heightened platelet activation, effects of MDD and its treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) on platelet function in patients with CKD remain unclear. METHODS In a pre-specified analysis, changes from baseline to 12 weeks in whole blood platelet aggregation (WBPA) and plasma levels of E-selectin and P-selectin on treatment with sertraline vs. placebo were investigated in 175 patients with CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] < 60 ml/min/1.73m2) and MDD (MDD+/CKD+) in a randomized, double-blind trial. Correlations between severity of depressive symptoms and platelet function were also analyzed. In order to investigate whether differences in platelet function were due to presence of CKD or MDD, we compared a subgroup of 49 MDD+/CKD+ patients with eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73m2 to 43 non-depressed CKD controls (28 CKD with eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73m2 [MDD-/CKD+] and 15 individuals with eGFR ≥90 ml/min/1.73m2 [MDD-/CKD-]. RESULTS In MDD+/CKD+ individuals, there were no significant correlations between severity of depressive symptoms and platelet function, and no significant changes in platelet function after 12 weeks of treatment with sertraline vs. placebo. There were no significant differences in platelet function among MDD+/CKD+ patients and controls without MDD except in WBPA to 10 μM ADP (P = 0.03). WBPA to ADP was lower in the MDD-/CKD- group (8.0 Ω [5.0 Ω, 11.0 Ω]) as compared to the MDD-/CKD+ group (12.5 Ω [8.0 Ω, 14.5 Ω]), P = 0.01, and the MDD+/CKD+ group (11.0 Ω [8.0 Ω, 15.0 Ω]), P < 0.01. CONCLUSIONS Heightened ADP-induced platelet aggregability was observed in CKD patients compared to controls with normal kidney function, regardless of presence of comorbid MDD, and treatment with sertraline did not affect platelet function. These findings suggest that increased platelet activation may not be a major contributory underlying mechanism by which depression may lead to worse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with CKD. Future studies should include positive MDD controls without CKD to confirm our findings. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier numbers: CAST Study: NCT00946998 (Recruitment Status: Completed. First Posted: July 27, 2009. Results First Posted: January 30, 2018). WiCKDonASA Study: NCT01768637 (Recruitment Status: Completed. First Posted: January 15, 2013. Results First Posted: April 19, 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishank Jain
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC 8516, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Fei Wan
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
| | - Monica Kothari
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC 8516, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Anuoluwapo Adelodun
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5959 Harry Hines Blvd, MC 8516, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Jerry Ware
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
| | - Ravi Sarode
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5959 Harry Hines Blvd, MC 8516, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - S. Susan Hedayati
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5959 Harry Hines Blvd, MC 8516, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
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Hu J, Zhou W, Zhou Z, Yang Q, Han J, Yan Y, Dong W. [Predictive value of inflammatory indicators for post-stroke depression in patients with ischemic stroke]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:665-671. [PMID: 31270044 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.06.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of venous blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and levels of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-6 at 2 weeks after admission with the occurrence of post-stroke depression (PSD) in patients with first-ever acute ischemic stroke. METHODS The hospitalized patients with first-ever acute ischemic stroke were recruited consecutively from the Department of Neurology of Yijishan Hospital from March, 2015 to September, 2017. The demographic and baseline clinical data on admission and the imaging data were collected. The diagnosis of PSD was established in line with DSM-IV (SCID-I-R) at 3 months during the follow-up. The severity of PSD was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the correlation of NLR, PLR, IL-17, and IL-6 with PSD in these patients. RESULTS A total of 376 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled, including 224 male patients (59.57%) and 152 female patients (40.43%), whose mean age was 61.37±10.34 years. Of these patients 104 (27.66%) were found to have PSD. Univariate analysis showed that gender, years of education, BMI, widowhood, NIHSS score, MMSE score, mRS score, and laboratory indexes (NLR, PLR, IL-17, and IL-6) were all significantly correlated with PSD (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for the compounding factors, the third quartile of NLR (P < 0.001), the third quartile of PLR (P=0.002), IL-17 (P=0.025) and IL-6 (P=0.016) were independent factors that predicted the occurrence of PSD. CONCLUSIONS Elevated NLR and PLR at admission and levels of IL-17 and IL-6 at 2 weeks after admission are all independent predictors of the occurrence of PSD at 3 months after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hu
- Department of Neurology, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Zhiming Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Neurology, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Jian Han
- Imaging Center, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Neurology, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Wanli Dong
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
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Ambrus L, Westling S. Inverse association between serum albumin and depressive symptoms among drug-free individuals with a recent suicide attempt. Nord J Psychiatry 2019; 73:229-232. [PMID: 31066604 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2019.1610056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background and aim: Albumin is a protein with multifaceted functions in the human body. According to many studies, lower serum albumin may be associated with depression in various groups of psychiatric and non-psychiatric patients, as well as with attempted suicide. As more severe depressive symptoms have been identified as a reliable risk factor for suicide in patients with high suicide risk, it would be of interest to study whether, the inverse association between depressive symptoms and albumin may exist among patients with attempted suicide. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the possible association between albumin and depressive symptoms among individuals who recently attempted suicide. Methods: One-hundred twenty-seven individuals with a recent suicide attempt were involved in the study between 1987 and 2001. Albumin was analyzed in serum. Patients were evaluated with the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS) from which the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the item assessing Apparent sadness were derived. Results: Only among patients aged ≥45, serum albumin levels were significantly and negatively correlated with total scores of MADRS and the item Apparent sadness (all p values <.00625). Conclusions: Our findings indicate an inverse association between serum albumin and the severity of depressive symptoms in individuals who attempted suicide, older than 45 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Ambrus
- a Department of Clinical Sciences , Section of Psychiatry Lund University Clinical Psychiatric Research Center , Lund , Sweden
| | - Sofie Westling
- a Department of Clinical Sciences , Section of Psychiatry Lund University Clinical Psychiatric Research Center , Lund , Sweden
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Arya S, Lee S, Zahner GJ, Cohen BE, Hiramoto J, Wolkowitz OM, Khakharia A, Binney ZO, Grenon SM. The association of comorbid depression with mortality and amputation in veterans with peripheral artery disease. J Vasc Surg 2018; 68:536-545.e2. [PMID: 29588133 PMCID: PMC6057818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.10.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an increasing health concern with rising incidence globally. Previous studies have shown an association between PAD incidence and depression. The objective of the study was to determine the association of comorbid depression with PAD outcomes (amputation and all-cause mortality rates) in veterans. METHODS An observational retrospective cohort of 155,647 patients with incident PAD (2003-2014) from nationwide U.S. Veterans Health Administration hospitals was conducted using the national Veterans Affairs Corporate Data Warehouse. Depression was measured using concurrent International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis codes 6 months before or after PAD diagnosis. The main outcomes were incident major amputation and all-cause mortality. Crude associations were assessed with Kaplan-Meier plots. The effects of depression adjusted for covariates were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Depression was present in 16% of the cohort, with the occurrence of 9517 amputations and 63,287 deaths (median follow-up, 5.9 years). Unadjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of comorbid depression for amputations and all-cause mortality were 1.32 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25-1.39) and 1.02 (95% CI, 0.99-1.04), respectively. After adjustment for covariates in Cox regression models, a diagnosis of comorbid depression at the time of PAD diagnosis was associated with a 13% higher amputation (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07-1.19) and 17% higher mortality (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.14-1.20) risk compared with patients with no depression. On stratification by use of antidepressants, depressed patients not taking antidepressants had a 42% higher risk of amputation (HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.27-1.58) compared with those without depression. Patients taking antidepressants for depression still had increased risk of amputation but only 10% higher compared with those without depression (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03-1.17). Interestingly, patients taking antidepressants for other indications also had a higher risk of amputation compared with those not having depression or not taking antidepressants (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03-1.14). Having any diagnosis of depression or the need for antidepressants increased the mortality risk by 18% to 25% in the PAD cohort compared with those without depression and not taking antidepressants for any other indication. CONCLUSIONS PAD patients with comorbid depression have a significantly higher risk of amputation and mortality than PAD patients without depression. Furthermore, untreated depression was associated with an increased amputation risk in the PAD population, more so than depression or other mental illness being treated by antidepressants. The underlying mechanisms for causality, if any, remain to be determined. The association of antidepressant treatment use with amputation risk should prompt further investigations into possible mechanistic links between untreated depression and vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Arya
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif; Surgical Services, VA Palo Alto Medical Center, Palo Alto, Calif
| | - Sujin Lee
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Greg J Zahner
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Beth E Cohen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif; Department of Medicine, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Jade Hiramoto
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Owen M Wolkowitz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Anjali Khakharia
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Zachary O Binney
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Ga
| | - S Marlene Grenon
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif; Surgical Services, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, Calif.
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Proteomic Analysis of the Antidepressant Effects of Shen–Zhi–Ling in Depressed Patients: Identification of Proteins Associated with Platelet Activation and Lipid Metabolism. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2018; 38:1123-1135. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-018-0582-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ogłodek EA, Just MJ, Szromek AR, Araszkiewicz A. Assessing the serum concentration levels of NT-4/5, GPX-1, TNF-α, and l-arginine as biomediators of depression severity in first depressive episode patients with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:1049-1058. [PMID: 28958613 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5) and glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX-1) have been shown to play a major role in neuronal processes including depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They protect the body from oxidative damage by affecting neuronal growth, development and plasticity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the concentrations of NT-4/5, GPX-1, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and l-arginine in patients suffering from varying levels of depression severity, PTSD, and depression comorbid with PTSD. METHODS The study involved 460 participants, 360 of whom were diagnosed with different types of depressive episodes. They included: 60 patients with mild depression (MD), 60 patients with moderate depression (MOD), 60 patients with severe depression (SeD), 60 patients with MD and PTSD (MD+PTSD), 60 patients with MOD and PTSD (MOD+PTSD), 60 patients with SeD and PTSD (SeD+PTSD), and 60 patients with PTSD alone. Each group of 60 subjects comprised 30 females and 30 males. The control group comprised 40 subjects. The 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems was utilized to diagnose depression and PTSD. At 7a.m. blood samples were collected and serum NT-4/5, GPX-1, TNF-α and l-arginine concentrations were assessed using the ELISA method. RESULTS Depressive episodes with and without PTSD and PTSD alone became more severe as the levels of TNF-α, l-arginine increased and the levels of NT-4/5, GPX-1 decreased. CONCLUSION l-arginine, TNF-α, NT-4/5 and GPX-1 can be markers of depression severity in both males and females with first depressive episode with or without posttraumatic stress disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa A Ogłodek
- Department of Psychiatry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland.
| | - Marek J Just
- Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, Municipal Hospital in Piekary Śląskie, Piekary Śląskie, Poland
| | - Adam R Szromek
- Silesian University of Technology in Gliwice, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Aleksander Araszkiewicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
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Jiang MD, Zheng Y, Wang JL, Wang YF. Drug induces depression-like phenotypes and alters gene expression profiles in Drosophila. Brain Res Bull 2017. [PMID: 28625786 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe mental illness that affects more than 350 million people worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms of depression are currently unclear. Studies suggest that Drosophila and humans have similar depression-like symptoms under pressure. In this research, we choose Drosophila melanogaster as the animal model to explore the molecular mechanisms that trigger depression. RESULTS We found that feeding D. melanogaster with the medium containing Levodopa or Chlorpromazine could induce depression-like phenotypes in both behavioral and biochemical biomarkers, including significantly decreased food intake, mating frequency, serotonin (5-HT) concentration, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration as well as reduced activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Moreover, the progeny of Chlorpromazine-treated flies also showed these depression-like features. By RNA-seq technology, we identified 467 genes that were differentially expressed between Chlorpromazine treated (CPZ) and control male flies [fold-change of ≥2 (q-value<5%)]. When comparing CPZ with control flies, 312 genes were upregulated and 155 genes downregulated. Differential expression of genes related to metabolic pathway, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease and lysozyme pathways were observed. Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) confirmed that 19 genes are differentially expressed in CPZ and control male flies. CONCLUSIONS Levodopa, or Chlorpromazine can induce depression-like phenotypes in D. melanogaster regarding changes of appetite and sexual activity, and some key biochemical markers. A total of 467 genes were identified by RNA-seq analysis to have at least a 2-fold-change in expression between CPZ and control flies, including genes involved in metabolism, neurological diseases and lysozyme pathways. Our data provide additional insight into molecular mechanisms underlying depressive disorders in humans and may also contribute to clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Di Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Ya Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Jia-Lin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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Nadeem A, Siddiqui N, Al-Harbi NO, Attia SM, AlSharari SD, Ahmad SF. Acute lung injury leads to depression-like symptoms through upregulation of neutrophilic and neuronal NADPH oxidase signaling in a murine model. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 47:218-226. [PMID: 28433943 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is an increased prevalence of comorbid major depressive disorders with a number of inflammatory conditions which is thought to result from activation of the immune system. Acute lung injury (ALI) in humans has been also shown to be associated with depression previously. However, no study has explored the mechanism behind ALI-induced depression. NADPH oxidase (NOX-2) derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders including depression. ROS generation via NOX-2 is also shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of ALI. Therefore, we hypothesized that ROS generation may be a common link between ALI and depression. The present study utilized LPS model of ALI in mice to explore the effect of lung inflammation on depression-like behavior and further delineate the role of NOX-2 signaling in it. ALI led to enhanced NOX-2 activation in neutrophils/brain and neuronal oxidative stress which was concurrent with depression-like symptoms as assessed by sucrose preference and tail suspension test. Role of neutrophilic NOX-2 in ALI-induced depression was confirmed by depletion of neutrophils as well NOX-2 inhibitor, apocynin. Both of these approaches led to reduction in depressive symptoms induced by ALI. The present study suggests that ALI-induced upregulation of neutrophilic NOX-2/ROS may contribute to depression-like symptoms in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nahid Siddiqui
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Naif O Al-Harbi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir D AlSharari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Gylvin SH, Jørgensen CC, Fink-Jensen A, Johansson PI, Kehlet H. Psychopharmacologic treatment and blood transfusion in fast-track total hip and knee arthroplasty. Transfusion 2017; 57:971-976. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.13992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silas Hinsch Gylvin
- Section of Surgical Pathophysiology; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Centre for Fast-track Hip and Knee Arthroplasty; Aarhus Denmark
| | - Christoffer Calov Jørgensen
- Section of Surgical Pathophysiology; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Centre for Fast-track Hip and Knee Arthroplasty; Aarhus Denmark
| | - Anders Fink-Jensen
- Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen and Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Pär I. Johansson
- Department of Clinical Immunology; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Surgery; University of Texas Health Medical School; Houston Texas
- Capital Region Blood Bank; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Henrik Kehlet
- Section of Surgical Pathophysiology; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Centre for Fast-track Hip and Knee Arthroplasty; Aarhus Denmark
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24
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Schiavone S, Neri M, Mhillaj E, Morgese MG, Cantatore S, Bove M, Riezzo I, Tucci P, Pomara C, Turillazzi E, Cuomo V, Trabace L. The NADPH oxidase NOX2 as a novel biomarker for suicidality: evidence from human post mortem brain samples. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e813. [PMID: 27187235 PMCID: PMC5070044 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence points towards a role of oxidative stress in suicidality. However, few studies were carried out on the sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in subjects with suicidal behaviour. We have previously demonstrated that the NADPH oxidase NOX2-derived oxidative stress has a major role in the development of neuropathological alterations observed in an animal model of psychosis. Here, we investigated the possible increase in NOX2 in post mortem brain samples of subjects who died by asphyctic suicide (AS) compared with controls (CTRL) and subjects who died by non-suicidal asphyxia (NSA). We found that NOX2 expression was significantly higher in the cortex of AS subjects than in the other two experimental groups. NOX2 immunostaining was mainly detected in GABAergic neurons, with a minor presence of NOX2-positive-stained cells in glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurons, as well as astrocytes and microglia. A sustained increase in the expression of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, an indirect marker of oxidative stress, was also detected in the cortex of AS subjects, compared with CTRL and NSA subjects. A significant elevation in cortical interleukin-6 immunoreactivity in AS subjects suggested an involvement of cytokine-associated molecular pathways in NOX2 elevations. Our results suggest that the increase in NOX2-derived oxidative stress in the brain might be involved in the neuropathological pathways leading to suicidal behaviour. These results may open innovative insights in the identification of new pathogenetic and necroscopic biomarkers, predictive for suicidality and potentially useful for suicide prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schiavone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 20, Foggia 71122, Italy. E-mail:
| | - M Neri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - E Mhillaj
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M G Morgese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - S Cantatore
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - M Bove
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - I Riezzo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - P Tucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - C Pomara
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - E Turillazzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - V Cuomo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - L Trabace
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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25
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Tsai MC, Huang TL. Increased activities of both superoxide dismutase and catalase were indicators of acute depressive episodes in patients with major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2016; 235:38-42. [PMID: 26677733 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of this study was to investigate the serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers and S100B in patients with MDD in an acute phase, and evaluate the changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD), protein carbonyl content (PCC), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), 8-hydroxy 2'-deoxyguanosine after treatment (8-OHdG), catalase (CAT), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and S100B. We consecutively enrolled 21 MDD inpatients in an acute phase and 40 healthy subjects. Serum oxidative stress markers were measured with assay kits. Serum SOD and CAT activities in MDD patients in an acute phase were significantly higher than those of healthy subjects, and serum PCC levels were significantly lower. The HAM-D scores had a significantly positive association with S100B levels. Eighteen depressed patients were followed up, and there was no significant difference among all of the markers after treatment. In conclusion, our results suggest that increased activities of both SOD and CAT might be indicators of acute depressive episodes in MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chang Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tiao-Lai Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
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26
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Liu T, Zhong S, Liao X, Chen J, He T, Lai S, Jia Y. A Meta-Analysis of Oxidative Stress Markers in Depression. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138904. [PMID: 26445247 PMCID: PMC4596519 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECT Studies have suggested that depression was accompanied by oxidative stress dysregulation, including abnormal total antioxidant capacity (TAC), antioxidants, free radicals, oxidative damage and autoimmune response products. This meta-analysis aims to analyse the clinical data quantitatively by comparing the oxidative stress markers between depressed patients and healthy controls. METHODS A search was conducted to collect the studies that measured the oxidative stress markers in depressed patients. Studies were searched in Embase, Medline, PsychINFO, Science direct, CBMDisc, CNKI and VIP from 1990 to May 2015. Data were subjected to meta-analysis by using a random effects model for examining the effect sizes of the results. Bias assessments, heterogeneity assessments and sensitivity analyses were also conducted. RESULTS 115 articles met the inclusion criteria. Lower TAC was noted in acute episodes (AEs) of depressed patients (p<0.05). Antioxidants, including serum paraoxonase, uric acid, albumin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and zinc levels were lower than controls (p<0.05); the serum uric acid, albumin and vitamin C levels were increased after antidepressant therapy (p<0.05). Oxidative damage products, including red blood cell (RBC) malondialdehyde (MDA), serum MDA and 8-F2-isoprostanes levels were higher than controls (p<0.05). After antidepressant medication, RBC and serum MDA levels were decreased (p<0.05). Moreover, serum peroxide in free radicals levels were higher than controls (p<0.05). There were no differences between the depressed patients and controls for other oxidative stress markers. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis supports the facts that the serum TAC, paraoxonase and antioxidant levels are lower, and the serum free radical and oxidative damage product levels are higher than controls in depressed patients. Meanwhile, the antioxidant levels are increased and the oxidative damage product levels are decreased after antidepressant medication. The pathophysiological relationships between oxidative stress and depression, and the potential benefits of antioxidant supplementation deserve further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuming Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liao
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Management School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting He
- Management School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shunkai Lai
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanbin Jia
- Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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