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Wang Z, Drouard G, Whipp AM, Heinonen-Guzejev M, Bolte G, Kaprio J. Association between trajectories of the neighborhood social exposome and mental health in late adolescence: A FinnTwin12 cohort study. J Affect Disord 2024; 358:70-78. [PMID: 38697223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent mental health problems impose a significant burden. Exploring evolving social environments could enhance comprehension of their impact on mental health. We aimed to depict the trajectories of the neighborhood social exposome from middle to late adolescence and assess the intricate relationship between them and late adolescent mental health. METHODS Participants (n = 3965) from the FinnTwin12 cohort with completed questionnaires at age 17 were used. Nine mental health measures were assessed. The social exposome comprised 28 neighborhood social indicators. Trajectories of these indicators from ages 12 to 17 were summarized via latent growth curve modeling into growth factors, including baseline intercept. Mixture effects of all growth factors were assessed through quantile-based g-computation. Repeated generalized linear regressions identified significant growth factors. Sex stratification was performed. RESULTS The linear-quadratic model was the most optimal trajectory model. No mixture effect was detected. Regression models showed some growth factors saliently linked to the p-factor, internalizing problems, anxiety, hyperactivity, and aggression. The majority of them were baseline intercepts. Quadratic growth factors about mother tongues correlated with anxiety among sex-combined participants and males. The linear growth factor in the proportion of households of couples without children was associated with internalizing problems in females. LIMITATIONS We were limited to including only neighborhood-level social exposures, and the multilevel contextual exposome situation interfered with our assessment. CONCLUSIONS Trajectories of the social neighborhood exposome modestly influenced late adolescent mental health. Tackling root causes of social inequalities through targeted programs for living conditions could improve adolescent mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Wang
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabin Drouard
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alyce M Whipp
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Gabriele Bolte
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Public Health, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Amiri S. Global prevalence of anxiety and PTSD in immigrants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. NEUROPSYCHIATRIE : KLINIK, DIAGNOSTIK, THERAPIE UND REHABILITATION : ORGAN DER GESELLSCHAFT OSTERREICHISCHER NERVENARZTE UND PSYCHIATER 2022; 36:69-88. [PMID: 35147917 DOI: 10.1007/s40211-022-00411-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A systematic and meta-analysis of the prevalence of anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in immigrants was conducted. METHODS Based on the keywords, scientific databases were systematically searched to identify articles. The search included the three databases PubMed, Google Scholar and Research Gate until June 2020. The analysis was performed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and PTSD; subgroups were examined based on anxiety disorders. RESULTS The prevalence of agoraphobia, PTSD, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), social phobia and specific phobia were 4, 25, 9, 4, 3, 5 and 8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Considering the findings of the present study regarding the significant prevalence of anxiety and PTSD in the immigrant population, it is necessary to pay special attention to the mental health of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohrab Amiri
- Medicine, Quran and Hadith Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ekeberg KA, Abebe DS. Mental disorders among young adults of immigrant background: a nationwide register study in Norway. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2021; 56:953-962. [PMID: 33156357 PMCID: PMC8192316 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-020-01980-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous research indicates increased risk of various mental disorders in immigrant populations, particularly for schizophrenia and PTSD. However, findings are inconclusive due to variations in contextual factors, characteristics of immigrant groups and study design. Our study aims to investigate prevalence differences of receiving an ICD-10 psychiatric diagnosis between 2008 and 2016 among four first-generation immigrant groups and one second-generation immigrant group compared to ethnic Norwegians. METHODS Linked register data from the Norwegian Patient Registry and Statistics Norway were utilised. The sample (age 18-35) comprises 758,774 ethnic Norwegians, 61,124 immigrants originating from Poland, Somalia, Iran and Pakistan and 4630 s-generation Pakistani immigrants. Age- and gender-adjusted binary logistic regression models were applied. RESULTS The odds of schizophrenia were significantly elevated for all groups except for Poles. The highest odds were observed for second-generation Pakistani immigrants (adjusted OR 2.72, 95% CI 2.21-3.35). For PTSD, the odds were significantly increased for Somalis (aOR 1.31, 95% CI 1.11-1.54), second-generation Pakistani immigrants (aOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.11-1.70), and in particular for Iranians (aOR 3.99, 95% CI 3.51-4.54). While Iranians showed similar or higher odds of receiving the vast majority of psychiatric diagnoses, the remaining groups showed lower or similar odds compared to ethnic Norwegians. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest considerable prevalence differences in receiving a psychiatric diagnosis according to country of origin and generational status compared to ethnic Norwegian controls. The general pattern was lower prevalence of most ICD-10 mental disorders for the majority of immigrant groups compared to ethnic Norwegians, except for schizophrenia and PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dawit Shawel Abebe
- grid.412414.60000 0000 9151 4445Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway ,grid.412929.50000 0004 0627 386XNorwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
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Changes in refugees' mental health: what can granular analyses show? Lancet Psychiatry 2021; 8:2-3. [PMID: 33156998 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(20)30470-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Psychological distress among migrant groups in Australia: results from the 2015 National Health Survey. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2020; 55:467-475. [PMID: 31659375 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-019-01782-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand the relationship between migration and psychological distress, we (a) calculated the prevalence of psychological distress in specific migrant groups, and (b) examined the association between specific birth groups and psychological distress, while controlling for confounding variables to understand vulnerabilities across migrant groups. METHODS The prevalence of psychological distress, disaggregated by birthplace, was calculated using data from the Australian 2015 National Health Survey, which measures psychological distress via the Kessler Screening Scale for Psychological Distress (K10). Multivariable logistic regression models, with adjustments for complex survey design, were fitted to examine the association between country of birth and psychological distress once extensive controls for demographic, and socioeconomics factors were included. RESULTS 14,466 individuals ≥ 18 years completed the K10. Migrants from Italy (20.7%), Greece (20.4%), Southern and Eastern European (18.2%), and North African and Middle Eastern (21.9%) countries had higher prevalence estimates of distress compared to Australian born (12.4%) or those born in the United Kingdom (UK) (9.5%)-the largest migrant group in Australia. After adjusting for demographics, SES factors, duration in Australia, a birthplace in Italy (OR = 2.79 95% CI 1.4, 5.7), Greece (OR = 2.46 95% CI 1.1, 5.5), India (OR = 2.28 95% CI 1.3, 3.9), Southern and Eastern Europe (excluding Greece and Italy) (OR = 2.43 95% CI 1.5, 3.9), North Africa and the Middle East (OR = 3.39 95% CI 1.9, 6.2) was associated with increased odds of distress relative to those born in the UK. CONCLUSIONS Illuminating variability in prevalence of psychological distress across migrant communities, highlights vulnerabilities in particular migrant groups, which have not previously been described. Identifying such communities can aid mental health policy-makers and service providers provide targeted culturally appropriate care.
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Mansour R, Tsamakis K, Rizos E, Perera G, Das-Munshi J, Stewart R, Mueller C. Late-life depression in people from ethnic minority backgrounds: Differences in presentation and management. J Affect Disord 2020; 264:340-347. [PMID: 32056770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An elevated risk of late-life depression has been suggested in older adults from minority ethnic groups, but little is known about ethnic group differences in symptom and treatment profiles. The current study aimed to compare symptoms and types of treatment between ethnic groups in patients with late-life depression. METHODS Data were extracted from the Clinical Record Interactive Search (CRIS) system , which provides access to the anonymised electronic health records of a large mental health care provider in South London. In total, 5,546 individuals aged 65 years and older, and diagnosed with late-life depression between 2006 and 2017, were included. Patients from ethnic minority backgrounds were compared to White British individuals on the following features recorded at depression diagnosis: mental and physical wellbeing,functional scales, individual depressive symptoms recorded, and treatments administered. RESULTS Black Africans and Black Caribbeans more frequently presented with psychotic problems and were significantly less likely to have antidepressant treatment prescribed post diagnosis compared to White British. White Irish had higher rates of substance use and sleep disturbance. Depressive symptoms of hopelessness, guilt feelings, and suicidal thoughts were less common in Black Caribbeans, Black Africans, and South Asians compared to White British. LIMITATIONS Only patients with depression under a specialist mental health care provider were included in the study. CONCLUSIONS Ethnic minority elders have significantly different presentations and undertake different types of treatment both across groups and relative to their White British counterparts. These differences need to be taken into consideration to optimise pathways into care and to personalise treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rand Mansour
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos Tsamakis
- Second Department of Psychiatry, University General Hospital 'ATTIKON', School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Rizos
- Second Department of Psychiatry, University General Hospital 'ATTIKON', School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Gayan Perera
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Jayati Das-Munshi
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Robert Stewart
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Christoph Mueller
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Wolf S, Hahn E, Wingenfeld K, Nguyen MH, von Poser A, Nguyen TH, Hanewald B, Böge K, Bajbouj M, Dettling M, Nguyen VT, Ta TMT. Mental Health Determinants Among a Psychiatric Outpatient Sample of Vietnamese Migrants in Germany. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:580103. [PMID: 33424659 PMCID: PMC7785831 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.580103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mental health risk-factors for Asian migrants have been studied almost exclusively in the US, Canada, and Australia but not in European countries. Therefore, we aimed to identify sociodemographic, clinical, and migration-surrounding factors associated with experienced mental distress among Vietnamese migrants in Germany. Method: 305 Vietnamese migrants utilizing Germany's first Vietnamese psychiatric outpatient clinic filled out at admission the Brief-Symptom-Inventory 18 (BSI-18) as well as a questionnaire on 22 potential mental health determinants. Using a multiple linear regression model, we identified those sociodemographic, clinical, and migration-surrounding factors that were significantly related to the Global Severity Index (GSI) of the BSI-18. Results: The factors unemployment (B = -6.32, p = 0.014), financial problems (B = -10.71, p < 0.001), no or only little religious involvement (B = -3.23, p = 0.002), no psychiatric precontact (B = -7.35, p = 0.004), previous migration experiences (B = 8.76, p = 0.002), and perceived discrimination (B = 6.58, p = 0.011) were found to significantly increase the level of mental distress according to the BSI-GSI. Conclusion: Based on these results, we were able to construct a mental health risk-profile for Vietnamese migrants in Germany, which aims to detect candidates for psychiatric problems earlier and supply them with customized prevention and therapy options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eric Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Wingenfeld
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Main Huong Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anita von Poser
- Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thi Hoa Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bernd Hanewald
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Gießen and Marburg, Gießen, Germany
| | - Kerem Böge
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Malek Bajbouj
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Dettling
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Van Tuan Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Minh Tam Ta
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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Straiton M, Corbett K, Hollander AC, Hauge LJ. Outpatient mental healthcare service use among women with migrant background in Norway: a national register study. BMC Health Serv Res 2019; 19:944. [PMID: 31818291 PMCID: PMC6902575 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4788-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies show that migrant women are at greater risk of common mental disorders than the majority population, yet underrepresented in healthcare services. This study investigates the use of outpatient mental healthcare services over a five-year period among migrant and descendant women compared to majority women in Norway. METHODS Using linked national registry data, we selected all women resident in Norway between 2009 and 2013 (N = 1,834,822). We conducted generalised estimated equations with logistic regression to assess if the odds of using outpatient mental healthcare services differed for migrant and descendant women compared to majority women. We also conducted generalised estimated equations with negative binomial regression to calculate consultation incidence rate ratios for migrant and descendant women relative to majority women among those with a common mental disorder. RESULTS Both migrant and descendant women had lower odds (OR = 0.47 and OR = 0.60 respectively) of using outpatient mental healthcare services than majority women. Odds of using services increased with length of residency. We also found significant variation by country of origin. Among women with common mental disorders who had used services, migrants, but not descendants, had a lower consultation rate ratio than majority women. Analyses by region of origin revealed that this did not apply to women from EU European countries, North America and Australia and New Zealand. CONCLUSION Women with migrant background are, overall, underrepresented in OPMH services. Findings indicate that migrant women may not only experience barriers to seeking and accessing care but also in maintaining access to care. This may especially be the case for newly arrived migrant women and women from non-Western countries. Treatment may not be culturally adapted for these groups. Closer investigation of the barriers migrant women experience after using OPMH services is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Straiton
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Box 222, Skøyen, 0213, Oslo, PO, Norway.
| | - Karina Corbett
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Box 222, Skøyen, 0213, Oslo, PO, Norway
| | - Anna-Clara Hollander
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Public Health Epidemiology, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Johan Hauge
- Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Box 222, Skøyen, 0213, Oslo, PO, Norway
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Twenty-Five and Up (25Up) Study: A New Wave of the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study. Twin Res Hum Genet 2019; 22:154-163. [PMID: 31198126 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2019.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the 25 and Up (25Up) study was to assess a wide range of psychological and behavioral risk factors behind mental illness in a large cohort of Australian twins and their non-twin siblings. Participants had already been studied longitudinally from the age of 12 and most recently in the 19Up study (mean age = 26.1 years, SD = 4.1, range = 20-39). This subsequent wave follows up these twins several years later in life (mean age = 29.7 years, SD = 2.2, range = 22-44). The resulting data set enables additional detailed investigations of genetic pathways underlying psychiatric illnesses in the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study (BLTS). Data were collected between 2016 and 2018 from 2540 twins and their non-twin siblings (59% female, including 341 monozygotic complete twin-pairs, 415 dizygotic complete pairs and 1028 non-twin siblings and singletons). Participants were from South-East Queensland, Australia, and the sample was of predominantly European ancestry. The 25Up study collected information on 20 different mental disorders, including depression, anxiety, substance use, psychosis, bipolar and attention-deficit hyper-activity disorder, as well as general demographic information such as occupation, education level, number of children, self-perceived IQ and household environment. In this article, we describe the prevalence, comorbidities and age of onset for all 20 examined disorders. The 25Up study also assessed general and physical health, including physical activity, sleep patterns, eating behaviors, baldness, acne, migraines and allergies, as well as psychosocial items such as suicidality, perceived stress, loneliness, aggression, sleep-wake cycle, sexual identity and preferences, technology and internet use, traumatic life events, gambling and cyberbullying. In addition, 25Up assessed female health traits such as morning sickness, breastfeeding and endometriosis. Furthermore, given that the 25Up study is an extension of previous BLTS studies, 86% of participants have already been genotyped. This rich resource will enable the assessment of epidemiological risk factors, as well as the heritability and genetic correlations of mental conditions.
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Lau W, Silove D, Edwards B, Forbes D, Bryant R, McFarlane A, Hadzi-Pavlovic D, Steel Z, Nickerson A, Van Hooff M, Felmingham K, Cowlishaw S, Alkemade N, Kartal D, O’Donnell M. Adjustment of refugee children and adolescents in Australia: outcomes from wave three of the Building a New Life in Australia study. BMC Med 2018; 16:157. [PMID: 30176864 PMCID: PMC6122776 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-018-1124-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-income countries like Australia play a vital role in resettling refugees from around the world, half of whom are children and adolescents. Informed by an ecological framework, this study examined the post-migration adjustment of refugee children and adolescents 2-3 years after arrival to Australia. We aimed to estimate the overall rate of adjustment among young refugees and explore associations with adjustment and factors across individual, family, school, and community domains, using a large and broadly representative sample. METHODS Data were drawn from Wave 3 of the Building a New Life in Australia (BNLA) study, a nationally representative, longitudinal study of settlement among humanitarian migrants in Australia. Caregivers of refugee children aged 5-17 (N = 694 children and adolescents) were interviewed about their children's physical health and activity, school absenteeism and achievement, family structure and parenting style, and community and neighbourhood environment. Parent and child forms of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were completed by caregivers and older children to assess social and emotional adjustment. RESULTS Sound adjustment according to the SDQ was observed regularly among young refugees, with 76-94% (across gender and age) falling within normative ranges. Comparison with community data for young people showed that young refugees had comparable or higher adjustment levels than generally seen in the community. However, young refugees as a group did report greater peer difficulties. Bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses showed that better reported physical health and school achievement were associated with higher adjustment. Furthermore, higher school absenteeism and endorsement of a hostile parenting style were associated with lower adjustment. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to report on child psychosocial outcomes from the large, representative longitudinal BNLA study. Our findings indicate sound adjustment for the majority of young refugees resettled in Australia. Further research should examine the nature of associations between variables identified in this study. Overall, treating mental health problems early remains a priority in resettlement. Initiatives to enhance parental capability, physical health, school achievement and participation could assist to improve settlement outcomes for young refugees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie Lau
- Phoenix Australia, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Derrick Silove
- Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, NSW Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Ben Edwards
- ANU Centre for Social Research and Methods, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - David Forbes
- Phoenix Australia, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Richard Bryant
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Alexander McFarlane
- Centre for Traumatic Stress Studies, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA Australia
| | | | - Zachary Steel
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
- Black Dog Institute, Sydney, NSW Australia
- St John of God Hospital Richmond, Sydney, Australia
| | - Angela Nickerson
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Miranda Van Hooff
- Centre for Traumatic Stress Studies, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA Australia
| | - Kim Felmingham
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Sean Cowlishaw
- Phoenix Australia, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Dzenana Kartal
- Phoenix Australia, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Meaghan O’Donnell
- Phoenix Australia, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
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11
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Pignon B, Amad A, Pelissolo A, Fovet T, Thomas P, Vaiva G, Roelandt JL, Benradia I, Rolland B, Geoffroy PA. Increased prevalence of anxiety disorders in third-generation migrants in comparison to natives and to first-generation migrants. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 102:38-43. [PMID: 29597072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We sought to examine the prevalence of anxiety disorders associated with migration in the first-, second- and third-generation. METHODS The French Mental Health in the General Population cross-sectional survey interviewed 38,694 individuals using the MINI. The prevalence of lifetime anxiety disorders, and comorbidities was compared between migrants and non-migrants and by generation. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, and income and education levels. RESULTS In comparison to natives, pooled anxiety disorders were more common among migrants (25.3% vs. 20.7%, OR = 1.24) and among the three studied generations of migrants. Moreover, the prevalence rate of the pooled anxiety disorders was significantly higher in third-generation migrants, in comparison to first-generation (26.7% vs. 22.6%, OR = 1.14). Prevalence rates were higher in migrants for panic disorder (6.6% vs. 5.3%, OR = 1.20), general anxiety disorder (15.0% vs. 12.0%, OR = 1.24), posttraumatic stress disorder (1.0% vs. 0.6%, OR = 1.51), but not for social anxiety disorder. In comparison to natives, migrants with anxiety disorders had higher prevalence rates of suicide attempts (14.0% vs. 12.8% for natives), psychotic disorders (8.3% vs. 5.7%), unipolar depressive disorder (29.5% vs. 25.4%), bipolar disorder (5.0% vs. 4.0%), and addictive disorders (9.6% vs. 6.2% for alcohol use disorder, 8.2% vs. 4.1% for substance use disorders). CONCLUSION Migration was associated with a higher prevalence of all anxiety disorders, in the first, second and third generation, and associated with more psychiatric comorbidities. Moreover, the prevalence increased across generations, and was significantly higher among third-generation migrants, in comparison to first-generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Pignon
- AP-HP, DHU PePSY, Hôpitaux universitaires Henri-Mondor, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Inserm, U955, Team 15, UPEC, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de médecine, Créteil, 94000, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, 94000, France.
| | - Ali Amad
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR 9193-PsyCHIC-SCALab, CHU Lille, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Unité CURE, F-59000, Lille, France; Fédération régionale de recherche en santé mentale (F2RSM) Nord-Pas-de-Calais, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Antoine Pelissolo
- AP-HP, DHU PePSY, Hôpitaux universitaires Henri-Mondor, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Inserm, U955, Team 15, UPEC, Université Paris-Est, Faculté de médecine, Créteil, 94000, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, 94000, France
| | - Thomas Fovet
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR 9193-PsyCHIC-SCALab, CHU Lille, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Unité CURE, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Thomas
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR 9193-PsyCHIC-SCALab, CHU Lille, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Unité CURE, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Vaiva
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR 9193-PsyCHIC-SCALab, CHU Lille, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Unité CURE, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Luc Roelandt
- EPSM Lille Métropole, Centre Collaborateur de l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé pour la recherche et la formation en santé mentale, Equipe Eceve Inserm UMR 1123, Lille, France
| | - Imane Benradia
- EPSM Lille Métropole, Centre Collaborateur de l'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé pour la recherche et la formation en santé mentale, Equipe Eceve Inserm UMR 1123, Lille, France
| | - Benjamin Rolland
- Service Universitaire d'Addictologie, Pôle UP-MOPHA, CH Le Vinatier, Univ. Lyon, 69500, Bron, France; CRNL Inserm U1028/CNRS UMR5292, CH Le Vinatier, 69678, Bron Cedex, France
| | - Pierre A Geoffroy
- Inserm, U1144, Paris, F-75006, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 1144, Paris, F-75013, France; AP-HP, GH Saint-Louis, Lariboisière, F. Widal, Pôle de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, 75475, Paris Cedex 10, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, 94000, France
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Nesterko Y, Turrión CM, Friedrich M, Glaesmer H. Trajectories of health-related quality of life in immigrants and non-immigrants in Germany: a population-based longitudinal study. Int J Public Health 2018; 64:49-58. [PMID: 29947823 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-018-1113-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Due to a lack of longitudinal studies on health in immigrants, the purpose of the present study is to investigate trajectories of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in immigrants and non-immigrants in Germany by considering the impact of immigration-related factors. METHODS Based on longitudinal SOEP data from 2002 to 2012, the trajectories of the mental (MCS) and physical component (PCS) of HRQoL (assessed with SF-12v2) were analyzed in 8546 subjects, including 1064 immigrants by conducting hierarchical linear models. RESULTS MCS remains stable over time, whereas PCS shows a decrease, influenced by increasing age. There were no differences between immigrants and non-immigrants concerning PCS trajectories as well as no influence of immigration-related factors on it. In contrast, MCS trajectories were influenced by immigration-related factors: 2nd-generation immigrants, participants from Turkey or Southern Europe and those who immigrated at young age show a slight decrease in MCS over time. CONCLUSIONS The results show negative association between MCS and time in different groups of immigrants. Future research is needed for better conceptualization of the complex interplay between health and migration over time to identify subgroups at greater risk for mental distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Nesterko
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Carmen Meiwes Turrión
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Friedrich
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heide Glaesmer
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Risk of disability pension in first and second generation immigrants: the role of age and region of birth in a prospective population-based study from Sweden. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:931. [PMID: 29202827 PMCID: PMC5716008 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4944-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In several countries, immigrants have higher disability pension (DP) rates than natives. Reasons for this are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate if the risk of diagnosis-specific DP differed in first, second, and second/intermediate generation immigrants compared to natives, in general and across regions of birth, and stratified by age. METHODS A population-based prospective cohort study of all 3,507,055 individuals aged 19-50 years and living in Sweden in 2004 with a 6-year follow-up period. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for mental and somatic DP were estimated by Cox regression for first, second, and second/intermediate generation immigrants compared to natives, across regions of birth and stratified by age. RESULTS After multivariate adjustment, HRs for both mental and somatic DP were higher at follow-up in the first generation compared to natives: mental HR 1.17 (CI 1.12-1.22) and somatic 1.15 (1.09-1.22) for individuals <35 years; 1.74 (1.69-1.79) and 1.70 (1.66-1.74) ≥35 years (median), respectively. Immigrants born in Europe outside EU25, and countries outside Europe had particularly elevated HRs. Also in the second generation, HRs were higher in mental 1.29 (1.21-1.37) and somatic DP: 1.30 (1.19-1.42) in those <35 years; and 1.18 (1.10-1.27); and 1.10 (1.03-1.17) for those ≥35 years, respectively. Among second generation immigrants there were no strong differences in HRs between regions of birth. CONCLUSIONS Compared to natives, the risk of DP was higher in first and second generation immigrants. Higher estimates were seen for immigrants from Europe outside EU25 and from the rest of the world in the first generation. No considerable differences in estimates regarding mental or somatic DP diagnoses were found.
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