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Stickley A, Baburin A, Jasilionis D, Krumins J, Martikainen P, Kondo N, Shin JI, Inoue Y, Leinsalu M. Sociodemographic inequalities in mortality from drowning in the Baltic countries and Finland in 2000-2015: a register-based study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1103. [PMID: 37286978 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15999-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drowning is an important public health problem. Some evidence suggests that the risk of drowning is not distributed evenly across the general population. However, there has been comparatively little research on inequalities in drowning mortality. To address this deficit, this study examined trends and sociodemographic inequalities in mortality from unintentional drowning in the Baltic countries and Finland in 2000-2015. METHODS Data for Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania came from longitudinal mortality follow-up studies of population censuses in 2000/2001 and 2011, while corresponding data for Finland were obtained from the longitudinal register-based population data file of Statistics Finland. Deaths from drowning (ICD-10 codes W65-W74) were obtained from national mortality registries. Information was also obtained on socioeconomic status (educational level) and urban-rural residence. Age-standardised mortality rates (ASMRs) per 100 000 person years and mortality rate ratios were calculated for adults aged 30-74 years old. Poisson regression analysis was performed to assess the independent effects of sex, urban-rural residence and education on drowning mortality. RESULTS Drowning ASMRs were significantly higher in the Baltic countries than in Finland but declined by nearly 30% in all countries across the study period. There were large inequalities by sex, urban-rural residence and educational level in all countries during 2000-2015. Men, rural residents and low educated individuals had substantially higher drowning ASMRs compared to their counterparts. Absolute and relative inequalities were significantly larger in the Baltic countries than in Finland. Absolute inequalities in drowning mortality declined in all countries across the study period except between urban and rural residents in Finland. Changes in relative inequalities were more variable during 2000-2015. CONCLUSION Despite a sharp reduction in deaths from drowning in the Baltic countries and Finland in 2000-2015, drowning mortality was still high in these countries at the end of the study period with a substantially larger risk of death seen among men, rural residents and low educated individuals. A concerted effort to prevent drowning mortality among those most at risk may reduce drownings considerably in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Stickley
- Stockholm Centre for Health and Social Change, Södertörn University, Huddinge, 141 89, Sweden
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Aleksei Baburin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Domantas Jasilionis
- Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany
- Demographic Research Centre, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juris Krumins
- Demography Unit, Faculty of Business, Management and Economics, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Pekka Martikainen
- Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany
- Population Research Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50, Seodaemun- gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yosuke Inoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mall Leinsalu
- Stockholm Centre for Health and Social Change, Södertörn University, Huddinge, 141 89, Sweden.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.
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Pikala M, Burzyńska M. The Burden of Suicide Mortality in Poland: A 20-Year Register-Based Study (2000-2019). Int J Public Health 2023; 68:1605621. [PMID: 36816833 PMCID: PMC9931732 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1605621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess mortality trends due to suicide in Poland in the years 2000-2019 with the use of joinpoint regression. Methods: The study analysed all suicide deaths in Poland in the years 2000-2019 (N = 113,355). Age-standardised death rates (SDRs), the annual percentage change (APC) and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) were determined. Results: In the male group, SDR was 29.3 in 2000 and 21.6 in 2019, in the female group, SDR decreased from 5.2 to 3.0. In 2019, the highest SDR values were noted in the group aged between 45 and 64 years. The most common method of suicide was hanging. In 2019, odds ratios (OR) of death due to suicide for age groups 15-24 years vs. 65 years or above were 51.47 among men and 181.89 among women. With regards to primary vs. tertiary education, OR values were 1.08 and 0.25, respectively; for single vs. widowed individuals 8.22 and 12.35; while for rural vs. urban residents 1.60 and 1.15. Conclusion: There is a need to implement educational programmes, primarily designed for young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Pikala
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Monika Burzyńska
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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Štelemėkas M, Manthey J, Badaras R, Casswell S, Ferreira-Borges C, Kalėdienė R, Lange S, Neufeld M, Petkevičienė J, Radišauskas R, Room R, Telksnys T, Zurlytė I, Rehm J. Alcohol control policy measures and all-cause mortality in Lithuania: an interrupted time-series analysis. Addiction 2021; 116:2673-2684. [PMID: 33751693 PMCID: PMC8873029 DOI: 10.1111/add.15470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Alcohol use has been identified as a major risk factor for burden of mortality and disease, particularly for countries in eastern Europe. During the past two decades, several countries in this region have implemented effective alcohol policy measures to combat this burden. The aim of the current study was to measure the association between Lithuania's alcohol control policies and adult all-cause mortality. DESIGN Interrupted time-series methodology by means of general additive models. SETTING Lithuania. PARTICIPANTS Adult population of Lithuania, aged 20 years and older. MEASUREMENTS Alcohol control policies were ascertained via a document review of relevant legislation materials. Policy effects were evaluated as follows: (1) slope changes in periods of legislative (non-)activity with regard to alcohol control policy (analysis 1); (2) level changes of three interventions following recommendations of the World Health Organization (analysis 2); and (3) level changes of seven interventions judged a priori by an international panel of experts (analysis 3). Mortality was measured by sex-stratified and total monthly age-standardized rates of all-cause mortality for the adult population. FINDINGS During the period 2001-18, effective alcohol control policy measures were implemented on several occasions, and in those years the all-cause mortality rate declined by approximately 3.2% more than in years without such policies. In particular, the implementation of increased taxation in 2017 was associated with reduced mortality over and above the general trend for men and in total for all analyses, which amounted to 1452 deaths avoided (95% confidence interval = -166 to -2739) in the year following the implementation of the policy. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol control policies in Lithuania appear to have reduced the overall adult all-cause mortality over and above secular trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindaugas Štelemėkas
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania,,Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jakob Manthey
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany,,Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany,,Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robertas Badaras
- Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Centre of Toxicology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania,,Vilnius University Emergency Hospital, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Sally Casswell
- SHORE and Whariki Research Centre, College of Health, Massey University, New Zealand
| | - Carina Ferreira-Borges
- WHO European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ramunė Kalėdienė
- Department of Health Management, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Shannon Lange
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maria Neufeld
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany,,WHO European Office for Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Moscow, Russia,,Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Janina Petkevičienė
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania,,Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ričardas Radišauskas
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania,,Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Robin Room
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia,,Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tadas Telksnys
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Jürgen Rehm
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany,,Center for Interdisciplinary Addiction Research (ZIS), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany,,Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada,,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,,Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of International Health Projects, Institute for Leadership and Health Management, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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