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Zhou Y, Xu H, Tian C. Effect of worry, depressed affect, and sensitivity to environmental stress owing to neurotic personality on MRI markers of cerebral small vessel disease: A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107923. [PMID: 39128500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuroticism was found to be associated with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) in observational studies. We aimed to explore the causal relationship between distinct components of neuroticism and CSVD. METHODS Two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to explore the bidirectional causal relationships between three genetically distinct subclusters of neuroticism (depressed affect, worry, and sensitivity to environmental stress and adversity [SESA]) and MRI markers of CSVD using publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used for the primary causal estimates. Alternative MR approaches and extensive sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure the robustness of the findings. Multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was used to estimate the direct causal effects with adjustment of other known risk factors for CSVD. RESULTS Genetically determined SESA was significantly associated with reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) (beta: -1.94, 95%CI: -3.04 to -0.84, p=5.29e-4), and associated with increased mean diffusivity (MD) (beta=1.55, 95%CI: 0.29 to 2.81, p=0.016) and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) (beta=0.25, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.47, p=0.029) at the nominally significant level. MVMR analysis suggested the significant associations remained significant after accounting for body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol drinking, type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypertension, and depression. The other two neuroticism subclusters (depressed affect and worry) didn't have significant causal effects on the MRI markers. In the reverse MR analysis with the MRI markers as exposures, no significant associations were found. CONCLUSION This study supported the casual role of SESA in the development of CSVD. Further research to explore the underlying mechanism are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Zhou
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hanyu Xu
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chendong Tian
- School of clinical medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, Zhejiang, China
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Karakose S, Luchetti M, Stephan Y, Sutin AR, Terracciano A. Life Events and Incident Dementia: A Prospective Study of 493,787 Individuals Over 16 Years. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2024; 79:gbae114. [PMID: 38943474 PMCID: PMC11304962 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbae114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Life events can be stressful and have a detrimental impact on health, but evidence is inconclusive regarding life events and dementia risk. The present study tests whether life events are associated with incident dementia, whether experiencing multiple events has cumulative effects, and whether the associations vary across age, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and genetic vulnerability. METHODS UK Biobank participants (N = 493,787) reported on 6 life events that occurred within the past 2 years: serious illness, injury, assault to yourself or close relative, death of a spouse/partner or close relative, marital separation/divorce, and financial problems. Incident all-cause dementia was ascertained through health records from the UK National Health Service over a 16-year follow-up. RESULTS Serious illness, injury, or assault to yourself, marital separation/divorce, and financial difficulties were associated with a higher risk of dementia; serious illness, injury, or assault of a close relative was associated with a lower risk of dementia. When combined, experiencing 3-4 events was associated with a more than 2-fold increase in dementia risk. The association for marital separation/divorce was stronger within the first 5 years of follow-up (consistent with reverse causality). Death of a spouse/partner or close relative was mostly unrelated to dementia risk. With few exceptions, the associations were similar across age, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and apolipoprotein E e4 status groups. DISCUSSION Severe illness, injury, or personal assault, marital separation or divorce, and financial hardships may raise risk of dementia, particularly when these events occur together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Karakose
- Department of Geriatrics, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Martina Luchetti
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | | | - Angelina R Sutin
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Antonio Terracciano
- Department of Geriatrics, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
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Troisi G, Marotta A, Lupiañez J, Casagrande M. Does personality affect the cognitive decline in aging? A systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 100:102455. [PMID: 39153600 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive decline is a natural consequence of aging, but several genetic, environmental, and psychological factors can influence its trajectories. Among the most enduring factors, the Big Five personality traits - defined as relatively stable tendencies to think, behave, and react to the environment - can influence both directly (e.g., by physiological correlates) and indirectly (e.g., healthy or risky behaviors) the risk of developing dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) - a preclinical form of cognitive decline. Despite the great amount of studies focusing on the relationship between personality and cognitive decline, an updated systematic synthesis of the results including a broader range of study designs is still lacking. This systematic review aims to summarize the findings of studies investigating: (i) differences in personality traits between groups of healthy individuals and those with MCI, (ii) the impact of personality traits on the risk for both MCI and dementia, and (iii) changes in personality traits among individuals progressing from normal cognition to MCI. Neuroticism emerged as a significant risk factor for MCI and dementia; Conscientiousness and Openness appear to offer protection against dementia and moderate cognitive decline. Overall, these findings suggest a pivotal role of personality structure in shaping cognitive outcomes on the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Troisi
- Department of Psychology, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome 00185, Italy; Department of Experimental Psychology, and Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Andrea Marotta
- Department of Experimental Psychology, and Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Lupiañez
- Department of Experimental Psychology, and Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Casagrande
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome 00185, Italy
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Gao Y, Amin N, van Duijn C, Littlejohns TJ. Association of neuroticism with incident dementia, neuroimaging outcomes, and cognitive function. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:5578-5589. [PMID: 38984680 PMCID: PMC11350007 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Higher neuroticism might be associated with dementia risk. Here we investigated modification by genetic predisposition to dementia, mediation by mental health and vascular conditions, neuroimaging outcomes, and cognitive function. METHODS Cox proportional-hazards models were used to assess the association between neuroticism score and incident dementia over up to 15 years in 1,74,164 participants. Cross-sectional analyses on dementia-related neuroimaging outcomes and cognitive function were conducted in 39,459 dementia-free participants. RESULTS Higher neuroticism was associated with an 11% higher risk of incident dementia, especially vascular dementia (15% higher risk), regardless of genetic predisposition to dementia. Mental and vascular conditions mediated the association of neuroticism with all-cause dementia and vascular dementia. Neuroticism was associated with higher cerebrovascular pathology, lower gray matter volume, and worse function across multiple cognitive domains. DISCUSSION Neuroticism could represent a risk factor for dementia, and vascular and mental health might drive these associations. HIGHLIGHTS Neuroticism was associated with an increased risk of incident all-cause dementia, particularly vascular dementia. Associations were not modified by genetic predisposition to dementia. Associations were largely mediated by mental and vascular conditions. Neuroticism was associated with increased cerebrovascular pathology and lower gray matter volume. Neuroticism was associated with worse function across multiple cognitive domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Gao
- Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Najaf Amin
- Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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Stephan Y, Sutin AR, Mõttus R, Luchetti M, Aschwanden D, Terracciano A. Personality nuances and risk of dementia: Evidence from two longitudinal studies. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 175:1-8. [PMID: 38696946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Personality traits are broad constructs composed of nuances, operationalized by personality items, that can provide a more granular understanding of personality associations with health outcomes. This study examined the associations between personality nuances and incident dementia and evaluated whether nuances associations replicate across two samples. Health and Retirement Study (HRS, N = 11,400) participants were assessed in 2006/2008, and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA, N = 7453) participants were assessed in 2010/2011 on personality and covariates. Dementia incidence was tracked for 14 years in the HRS and 8 years in ELSA. In both HRS and ELSA, higher neuroticism domain and nuances (particularly nervous and worry) were related to a higher risk of incident dementia, whereas higher conscientiousness domain and nuances (particularly responsibility and organization) were associated with a lower risk of dementia. To a lesser extent, higher extraversion (active), openness (broad-minded, curious, and imaginative), and agreeableness (helpful, warm, caring, and sympathetic) nuances were associated with a lower risk of dementia, with replicable effects across the two samples. A poly-nuance score, aggregating the effects of personality items, was associated with an increased risk of incident dementia in the HRS and ELSA, with effect sizes slightly stronger than those of the personality domains. Clinical, behavioral, psychological, and genetic covariates partially accounted for these associations. The present study provides novel and replicable evidence for specific personality characteristics associated with the risk of incident dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelina R Sutin
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, USA
| | - René Mõttus
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburg, UK; Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - Martina Luchetti
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, USA
| | - Damaris Aschwanden
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Geriatrics, College of Medicine, Florida State University, USA
| | - Antonio Terracciano
- Department of Geriatrics, College of Medicine, Florida State University, USA
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Huang X, Yuan S, Ling Y, Tan S, Xu A, Lyu J. Feelings of tense and risk of incident dementia: A prospective study of 482,360 individuals. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:541-550. [PMID: 38266930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between feelings of tense, as a significant emotional distress, and dementia remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between feelings of tense and dementia. METHODS In UK Biobank, feelings of tense were measured with a standard item. The primary outcome was all cause of dementia (ACD) and its subtypes (Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), and other dementia). Cox regression models analyzed the association between feelings of tense and dementia risk, while linear regression examined the correlation with neuroimaging outcomes. The potential association and joint effects of AD and tenseness were evaluated based on the established genetic risk score (GRS). RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12.7 years among 482,360 participants, 7331 dementia cases were identified. Individuals with feelings of tense had a significantly increased risk of ACD (HR, 1.194; 95 % CI: 1.115-1.278), VD (HR, 1.164; 95 % CI: 1.007-1.346), and other dementia (HR, 1.181; 95 % CI: 1.081-1.289), but not AD in multi-adjusted models. This association persisted across various sensitivity analyses and exhibited some heterogeneity in subgroup analyses. Furthermore, feelings of tense are associated with total brain volume shrinkage, higher white matter hyperintensities, and decreased partial subcortical volume, particularly in the hippocampus. No interaction between tenseness and AD genetic susceptibility was observed (P for interaction =0.346). LIMITATIONS Our study only considered feelings of tense measured at a one-time point. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate a significant association between feeling of tense and elevated dementia risk, indicating that tenseness could serve as a modifiable psychological determinant for dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shiqi Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yitong Ling
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shanyuan Tan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Anding Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Jun Lyu
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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Okoshi A, Shinagawa S, Takasaki E, Susa Y, Inamura K, Shigeta M. Risk factors of frontotemporal dementia compared with Alzheimer disease: Single psychiatric hospital-based research in Japan. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23:932-937. [PMID: 37922917 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM The objective of this study was to reveal risk factors for incident of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) compared with Alzheimer disease (AD) in Japan. METHOD Fifty consecutive subjects diagnosed with FTD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) under 75 years old were included retrospectively. As a control group, 48 subjects who were diagnosed with AD according to the DSM-5 and matched by age, sex, educational history, and Mini-Mental State Examination were also included. In order to examine the distinctive risk factors of FTD, we compared the relationship between symptomatologic features, Clinical Dementia Rating, clinical factors, and sociopsychological factors in the two groups. RESULT Patients with FTD were more likely than patients with AD to have meticulous premorbid personality and less likely to have a history of diabetes than patients with AD. Although the regression analysis was not significant, a history of psychiatric disorders tends to affect the incidence of FTD. CONCLUSIONS These findings regarding the risk of FTD are expected to lead to early diagnosis and care of FTD. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 932-937.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaka Okoshi
- Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Musashino Hospital, Institute of Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Emi Takasaki
- Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Susa
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Musashino Hospital, Institute of Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Inamura
- Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shigeta
- Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Butler M, Turiano N, Buckley L, McGeehan M, O'Súilleabháin PS. Neuroticism facets and mortality risk in adulthood: A systematic review and narrative synthesis. J Psychosom Res 2023; 175:111500. [PMID: 37832272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review sought to summarize comprehensively the research investigating the association between facets of neuroticism and mortality risk. METHODS A systematic review of prospective cohort studies utilizing rigorous reporting methods was conducted. Six electronic bibliographic databases, MEDLINE [Ovid], Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and SCOPUS, were searched for eligible studies using keywords encompassing personality traits and mortality. Articles from inception to January 2023 were reviewed. The risk of bias was also assessed. RESULTS Six of the 2358 identified studies met the inclusion criteria for extraction. Included studies had 335,715 participants, of whom 3.23% died. Participants ages at baseline ranged from 20 to 102, and 54% were female. Five of the six studies reported statistically significant associations between facets of neuroticism and mortality risk. Several underlying facets were reported to be associated with an increased mortality risk, namely vulnerability, cynicism, pessimistic, anxious, and depressive facets. Inadequacy, and worried-vulnerable were reported as protective. One study reported protective effects for impulsiveness, but this was not observed in a further follow-up study. CONCLUSIONS Various facets related to neuroticism are associated with an increased or decreased mortality risk. Encompassing all facets in a broad trait likely masks very important personality-health relations, which later impact longevity. Based on these findings, recommendations and future considerations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Butler
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Nicholas Turiano
- Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WA, USA
| | - Laura Buckley
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Máire McGeehan
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Páraic S O'Súilleabháin
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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Terracciano A, Luchetti M, Stephan Y, Löckenhoff CE, Ledermann T, Sutin AR. Changes in Personality Before and During Cognitive Impairment. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2023; 24:1465-1470.e1. [PMID: 37330217 PMCID: PMC10543616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clinical observations and studies of retrospective observer ratings point to changes in personality in persons with cognitive impairment or dementia. The timing and magnitude of such changes, however, are unclear. This study used prospective self-reported data to examine the trajectories of personality traits before and during cognitive impairment. DESIGN Longitudinal observational cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Older adults from the United States in the Health and Retirement Study were assessed for cognitive impairment and completed a measure of the 5 major personality traits every 4 years from 2006 to 2020 (N = 22,611; n = 5507 with cognitive impairment; 50,786 personality and cognitive assessments). METHODS Multilevel modeling examined changes before and during cognitive impairment, accounting for demographic differences and normative age-related trajectories. RESULTS Before cognitive impairment was detected, extraversion (b = -0.10, SE = 0.02), agreeableness (b = -0.11, SE = 0.02), and conscientiousness (b = -0.12, SE = 0.02) decreased slightly; there was no significant change in neuroticism (b = 0.04, SE = 0.02) or openness (b = -0.06, SE = 0.02). During cognitive impairment, faster rates of change were found for all 5 personality traits: neuroticism (b = 0.10, SE = 0.03) increased, and extraversion (b = -0.14, SE = 0.03), openness (b = -0.15, SE = 0.03), agreeableness (b = -0.35, SE = 0.03), and conscientiousness (b = -0.34, SE = 0.03) declined. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Cognitive impairment is associated with a pattern of detrimental personality changes across the preclinical and clinical stages. Compared with the steeper rate of change during cognitive impairment, the changes were small and inconsistent before impairment, making them unlikely to be useful predictors of incident dementia. The study findings further indicate that individuals can update their personality ratings during the early stages of cognitive impairment, providing valuable information in clinical settings. The results also suggest an acceleration of personality change with the progression to dementia, which may lead to behavioral, emotional, and other psychological symptoms commonly observed in people with cognitive impairment and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martina Luchetti
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Thomas Ledermann
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Angelina R Sutin
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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Bell TR, Elman JA, Beck A, Fennema-Notestine C, Gustavson DE, Hagler DJ, Jak AJ, Lyons MJ, Puckett OK, Toomey R, Franz CE, Kremen WS. Rostral-middle locus coeruleus integrity and subjective cognitive decline in early old age. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2023; 29:763-774. [PMID: 36524301 PMCID: PMC10272292 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617722000881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Abnormal tau, a hallmark Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, may appear in the locus coeruleus (LC) decades before AD symptom onset. Reports of subjective cognitive decline are also often present prior to formal diagnosis. Yet, the relationship between LC structural integrity and subjective cognitive decline has remained unexplored. Here, we aimed to explore these potential associations. METHODS We examined 381 community-dwelling men (mean age = 67.58; SD = 2.62) in the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging who underwent LC-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging and completed the Everyday Cognition scale to measure subjective cognitive decline along with their selected informants. Mixed models examined the associations between rostral-middle and caudal LC integrity and subjective cognitive decline after adjusting for depressive symptoms, physical morbidities, and family. Models also adjusted for current objective cognitive performance and objective cognitive decline to explore attenuation. RESULTS For participant ratings, lower rostral-middle LC contrast to noise ratio (LCCNR) was associated with significantly greater subjective decline in memory, executive function, and visuospatial abilities. For informant ratings, lower rostral-middle LCCNR was associated with significantly greater subjective decline in memory only. Associations remained after adjusting for current objective cognition and objective cognitive decline in respective domains. CONCLUSIONS Lower rostral-middle LC integrity is associated with greater subjective cognitive decline. Although not explained by objective cognitive performance, such a relationship may explain increased AD risk in people with subjective cognitive decline as the LC is an important neural substrate important for higher order cognitive processing, attention, and arousal and one of the first sites of AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler R. Bell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
| | - Jeremy A. Elman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
| | - Asad Beck
- Center for Neurotechnology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christine Fennema-Notestine
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
| | - Daniel E. Gustavson
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Donald J. Hagler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
| | - Amy J. Jak
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
| | - Michael J Lyons
- Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA, 02215
| | - Olivia K. Puckett
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
| | - Rosemary Toomey
- Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA, 02215
| | - Carol E. Franz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
| | - William S. Kremen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093
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Terracciano A, Cenatus B, Zhu X, Karakose S, Stephan Y, Marcolini S, De Deyn PP, Luchetti M, Sutin AR. Neuroticism and white matter hyperintensities. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 165:174-179. [PMID: 37506413 PMCID: PMC10528519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Neuroticism is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. This study investigates whether neuroticism is associated with white matter hyperintensities and whether this measure of brain integrity is a mediator between neuroticism and cognitive function. Middle-aged and older adults from the UK Biobank (N = 40,602; aged 45-82 years, M = 63.97, SD = 7.66) provided information on demographic and health covariates, completed measures of neuroticism and cognition, and underwent magnetic resonance imaging from which the volume of white matter hyperintensities was derived. Regression analyses that included age and sex as covariates found that participants who scored higher on neuroticism had more white matter hyperintensities (β = 0.024, 95% CI 0.015 to 0.032; p < .001), an association that was consistent across peri-ventricular and deep brain regions. The association was reduced by about 40% when accounting for vascular risk factors (smoking, obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, heart attack, angina, and stroke). The association was not moderated by age, sex, college education, deprivation index, or APOE e4 genotype, and remained unchanged in sensitivity analyses that excluded individuals with dementia or those younger than 65. The mediation analysis revealed that white matter hyperintensities partly mediated the association between neuroticism and cognitive function. These findings identify white matter integrity as a potential neurobiological pathway that accounts for a small proportion of the association between neuroticism and cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Terracciano
- Department of Geriatrics, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
| | - Bertin Cenatus
- Department of Geriatrics, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Xianghe Zhu
- Department of Psychology, School of Mental Health, Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Selin Karakose
- Department of Geriatrics, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | | | - Sofia Marcolini
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Experimental Neurobiology Unit, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Martina Luchetti
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Angelina R Sutin
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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Terracciano A, Walker K, An Y, Luchetti M, Stephan Y, Moghekar AR, Sutin AR, Ferrucci L, Resnick SM. The association between personality and plasma biomarkers of astrogliosis and neuronal injury. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 128:65-73. [PMID: 37210782 PMCID: PMC10247521 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Personality traits have been associated with the risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease neuropathology, including amyloid and tau. This study examines whether personality traits are concurrently related to plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker of astrogliosis, and neurofilament light (NfL), a marker of neuronal injury. Cognitively unimpaired participants from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging (N = 786; age: 22-95) were assayed for plasma GFAP and NfL and completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, which measures 5 domains and 30 facets of personality. Neuroticism (particularly vulnerability to stress, anxiety, and depression) was associated with higher GFAP and NfL. Conscientiousness was associated with lower GFAP. Extraversion (particularly positive emotions, assertiveness, and activity) was related to lower GFAP and NfL. These associations were independent of demographic, behavioral, and health covariates and not moderated by age, sex, or apolipoprotein E genotype. The personality correlates of astrogliosis and neuronal injury tend to be similar, are found in individuals without cognitive impairment, and point to potential neurobiological underpinnings of the association between personality traits and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Terracciano
- Department of Geriatrics, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA; Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Keenan Walker
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yang An
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Martina Luchetti
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | | | - Abhay R Moghekar
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Angelina R Sutin
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan M Resnick
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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13
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Stephan Y, Sutin AR, Luchetti M, Aschwanden D, Terracciano A. Personality and Risk of Incident Stroke in 6 Prospective Studies. Stroke 2023; 54:2069-2076. [PMID: 37325920 PMCID: PMC10524767 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.042617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large literature has examined a broad range of factors associated with increased risk of stroke. Few studies, however, have examined the association between personality and stroke. The present study adopted a systematic approach using a multi-cohort design to examine the associations between 5-Factor Model personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) and incident stroke using data from 6 large longitudinal samples of adults. METHODS Participants (age range: 16-104 years old, N=58 105) were from the MIDUS (Midlife in the United States) Study, the HRS (Health and Retirement Study), The US (Understanding Society) study, the WLS (Wisconsin Longitudinal Study), the NHATS (National Health and Aging Trends Study), and the LISS (Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences). Personality traits, demographic factors, clinical and behavioral risk factors were assessed at baseline; stroke incidence was tracked over 7 to 20 years follow-up. RESULTS Meta-analyses indicated that higher neuroticism was related to a higher risk of incident stroke (hazard ratio, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.10-1.20]; P<0.001), whereas higher conscientiousness was protective (HR, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.85-0.93]; P<0.001). Additional meta-analyses indicated that BMI, diabetes, blood pressure, physical inactivity, and smoking as additional covariates partially accounted for these associations. Extraversion, openness, and agreeableness were unrelated to stroke incidence. CONCLUSIONS Similar to other cardiovascular and neurological conditions, higher neuroticism is a risk factor for stroke incidence, whereas higher conscientiousness is a protective factor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelina R. Sutin
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, USA
| | - Martina Luchetti
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, College of Medicine, Florida State University, USA
| | - Damaris Aschwanden
- Department of Geriatrics, College of Medicine, Florida State University, USA
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Terracciano
- Department of Geriatrics, College of Medicine, Florida State University, USA
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14
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Williams RS, Adams NE, Hughes LE, Rouse MA, Murley AG, Naessens M, Street D, Holland N, Rowe JB. Syndromes associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration change response patterns on visual analogue scales. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8939. [PMID: 37268659 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35758-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-report scales are widely used in cognitive neuroscience and psychology. However, they rest on the central assumption that respondents engage meaningfully. We hypothesise that this assumption does not hold for many patients, especially those with syndromes associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration. In this study we investigated differences in response patterns on a visual analogue scale between people with frontotemporal degeneration and controls. We found that people with syndromes associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration respond with more invariance and less internal consistency than controls, with Bayes Factors = 15.2 and 14.5 respectively indicating strong evidence for a group difference. There was also evidence that patient responses feature lower entropy. These results have important implications for the interpretation of self-report data in clinical populations. Meta-response markers related to response patterns, rather than the values reported on individual items, may be an informative addition to future research and clinical practise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Williams
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Natalie E Adams
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura E Hughes
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew A Rouse
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexander G Murley
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michelle Naessens
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Duncan Street
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Negin Holland
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James B Rowe
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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15
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Sutin AR, Luchetti M, Aschwanden D, Zhu X, Stephan Y, Terracciano A. Loneliness and risk of all-cause, Alzheimer's, vascular, and frontotemporal dementia: a prospective study of 492,322 individuals over 15 years. Int Psychogeriatr 2023; 35:283-292. [PMID: 36482759 PMCID: PMC10198800 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610222001028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined the association between loneliness and risk of incident all-cause dementia and whether the association extends to specific causes of dementia. DESIGN Longitudinal. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS Participants were from the UK Biobank (N = 492,322). INTERVENTION None. MEASUREMENTS Loneliness was measured with a standard item. The diagnosis of dementia was derived from health and death records, which included all-cause dementia and the specific diagnoses of Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), over 15 years of follow-up. RESULTS Feeling lonely was associated with a nearly 60% increased risk of all-cause dementia (HR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.51-1.65; n = 7,475 incident all-cause). In cause-specific analyses, loneliness was a stronger predictor of VD (HR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.62-2.03; n = 1,691 incident VD) than AD (HR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.28-1.53; n = 3135 incident AD) and was, surprisingly, a strong predictor of FTD (HR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.22-2.20; n = 252 incident FTD). The associations were robust to sensitivity analyses and were attenuated but remained significant accounting for clinical (e.g. diabetes) and behavioral (e.g. physical activity) risk factors, depression, social isolation, and genetic risk. The association between loneliness and all-cause and AD risk was moderated by APOE ϵ4 risk status such that the increased risk was apparent in both groups but stronger among non-carriers than carriers of the risk allele. CONCLUSION Loneliness is associated with increased risk of multiple types of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martina Luchetti
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | | | - Xianghe Zhu
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
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16
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Xia C, Pickett SJ, Liewald DCM, Weiss A, Hudson G, Hill WD. The contributions of mitochondrial and nuclear mitochondrial genetic variation to neuroticism. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3146. [PMID: 37253732 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38480-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroticism is a heritable trait composed of separate facets, each conferring different levels of protection or risk, to health. By examining mitochondrial DNA in 269,506 individuals, we show mitochondrial haplogroups explain 0.07-0.01% of variance in neuroticism and identify five haplogroup and 15 mitochondria-marker associations across a general factor of neuroticism, and two special factors of anxiety/tension, and worry/vulnerability with effect sizes of the same magnitude as autosomal variants. Within-haplogroup genome-wide association studies identified H-haplogroup-specific autosomal effects explaining 1.4% variance of worry/vulnerability. These H-haplogroup-specific autosomal effects show a pleiotropic relationship with cognitive, physical and mental health that differs from that found when assessing autosomal effects across haplogroups. We identify interactions between chromosome 9 regions and mitochondrial haplogroups at P < 5 × 10-8, revealing associations between general neuroticism and anxiety/tension with brain-specific gene co-expression networks. These results indicate that the mitochondrial genome contributes toward neuroticism and the autosomal links between neuroticism and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charley Xia
- Lothian Birth Cohort studies, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Sarah J Pickett
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research and Translational and Clinical Research Institute, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - David C M Liewald
- Lothian Birth Cohort studies, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Alexander Weiss
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Gavin Hudson
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research and Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - W David Hill
- Lothian Birth Cohort studies, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
- Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK.
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17
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Durak M, Karakose S, Yow WQ. Editorial: Late-life psychopathology. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1204202. [PMID: 37303896 PMCID: PMC10249054 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1204202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mithat Durak
- Department of Psychology, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Türkiye
| | - Selin Karakose
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - W. Quin Yow
- Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore
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18
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Dubey S, Ghosh R, Dubey MJ, Das S, Chakraborty AP, Santra A, Dutta A, Roy D, Pandit A, Roy BK, Das G, Benito-León J. Psychosocial Basis of Human Sufferings and Poverty in Patients with Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders. MEDICAL RESEARCH ARCHIVES 2023; 11:3919. [PMID: 37641666 PMCID: PMC10461571 DOI: 10.18103/mra.v11i5.3919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Neurological disorders and psychiatric ailments often lead to cognitive disabilities and low attainment of education, pivoting misconceptions, myths, and misbeliefs. Poverty and low educational attainment are intriguingly associated with poor awareness and perception of these diseases that add to the suffering. Poverty goes parallel with a low level of education and is intricately associated with neuropsychiatric ailments, which have the potential to spread transgenerationally. Robust education policies, proper government rules and regulations against the spread of disease-related myths and misconceptions, uplifting medical education in its true sense, voices against consanguinity, and programs to raise scientific perception about diseases can help to throw light at the end of this dark tunnel. In this article, the authors intend to 1) decipher the potential psychosocial basis of human suffering and poverty in patients with neurological and psychiatric disorders, and 2) discuss the apropos way-outs that would potentially mitigate suffering, and alleviate the economic burden and cognitive disabilities of families with neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Dubey
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences (BIN), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ritwik Ghosh
- Department of General Medicine, Burdwan Medical College, and Hospital, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahua Jana Dubey
- Department of Psychiatry, Berhampur Mental Hospital, Berhampur, West Bengal, India
| | - Shambaditya Das
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences (BIN), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Arka Prava Chakraborty
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences (BIN), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Arindam Santra
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences (BIN), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ajitava Dutta
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences (BIN), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Dipayan Roy
- Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- School of Humanities, Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU), New Delhi, India
| | - Alak Pandit
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences (BIN), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Biman Kanti Roy
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences (BIN), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Gautam Das
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences (BIN), Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Julián Benito-León
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute (i+12), University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Summerville S, Kirwan E, Sutin AR, Fortune D, O'Súilleabháin PS. Personality trait associations with quality-of-life outcomes following bariatric surgery: a systematic review. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2023; 21:32. [PMID: 36991416 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-023-02114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity can be a significant challenge to health and quality of life (QoL). Bariatric surgery assists with weight loss and may help improve QoL. However, not all patients benefit from surgery. Personality traits may be related to QoL outcomes after bariatric surgery, but these associations are unclear. PURPOSE This research reviews the published literature on the associations between personality and QoL among post-operative bariatric patients. METHOD Four databases (CINAHL Complete, Medline with Full Text, APA PsycINFO, and Scopus) were searched from inception until March 2022. Forward searching was conducted using Google Scholar, and backward reference citation searches were also performed. RESULTS Five studies met inclusion criteria yielding data from N = 441 post-bariatric patients including both pre/post and cross-sectional designs. Higher agreeableness was related to lower overall health-related QoL (HRQol) and gastric HRQol and positively associated with psychological HRQol. Higher emotional stability was positively related to overall HRQol. Higher impulsivity was negatively associated with mental HRQol and was unrelated to physical HRQol. Effects for the remaining traits were either mainly mixed or null. CONCLUSION Personality traits may be associated with HRQol outcomes. However, it is difficult to reliably discern the role of personality traits for HRQol and QoL outcomes given the methodological issues and few published studies. More rigorous research is needed to address these issues and clarify possible associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Summerville
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Emma Kirwan
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Angelina R Sutin
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Donal Fortune
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Páraic S O'Súilleabháin
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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20
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Steffens DC, Manning KJ, Wu R, Grady JJ. Effects of Longitudinal Changes in Neuroticism and Stress on Cognitive Decline. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:171-179. [PMID: 36376230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationships among depression, personality factors, stress, and cognitive decline in the elderly are complex. Depressed elders score higher in neuroticism than nondepressed older individuals. Independently, the presence of neuroticism and the number of stressful life events are each associated with worsening cognitive decline in depressed older adults. Yet little is known about combined effects of changes in neuroticism and changes in stress on cognitive decline among older depressed adults. DESIGN Longitudinal observational study. SETTING Academic Health Center. PARTICIPANTS The authors examined 62 participants in the Neurobiology of Late-life depression (NBOLD) study to test the hypothesis that, compared with older depressed subjects who experience improved neuroticism and lower psychosocial stressors over time, those with worsening neuroticism and greater psychosocial stressors will demonstrate more cognitive decline. MEASUREMENTS The authors measured neuroticism using the NEO-Personality Inventory-Revised at baseline and 1 year. Study psychiatrists measured depression using the Montgomery-Ǻsberg Depression Rating Scale. At annual assessments, subjects reported the number of psychosocial stressors in the prior year and completed a neuropsychological evaluation. Participants completed a detailed neuropsychological battery at baseline and annually over 3 years. The battery included a test of delayed story memory (Logical Memory-2 or LMII). The outcome 3-year change in cognitive scores was regressed against 3-year change scores of neuroticism and number of psychosocial stressors, plus their interaction, while adjusting for sex, age, race, education, baseline cognitive score, and 3-year change in MADRS score as covariates. RESULTS In multivariable linear regression analysis with the above covariates, the interaction effect of 3-year change in Total Neuroticism score and 3-year change in Total Stressors on change in LMII performance was statistically significant (B = -0.080[95%CL: -0.145 to -0.015], T = -2.48, df = 52, p = 0.017). Further exploration of this finding showed that 1) when total stressors increased by 2 or more over 3 years, LMII change was inversely associated with neuroticism change; and 2) when neuroticism improved less, LMII change score was inversely associated with total stressor change. There were no other significant interactions between stress and neuroticism on cognition. CONCLUSION Our findings document the importance of tracking change in neuroticism and monitoring psychosocial stress over the long-term course of treatment in geriatric depression. Both factors exert important combined effects on memory over time. Future studies in larger samples are needed to confirm our results and to extend them to examine both cognitive change and development of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Steffens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT.
| | - Kevin J Manning
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - James J Grady
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
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21
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Identification of Personality-Related Candidate Genes in Thoroughbred Racehorses Using a Bioinformatics-Based Approach Involving Functionally Annotated Human Genes. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040769. [PMID: 36830556 PMCID: PMC9951868 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the personality traits of racehorses (e.g., flightiness, anxiety, and affability) is considered essential to improve training efficiency and decrease accident frequency, especially when retraining for a second career that may involve contact with inexperienced personnel after retiring from racing. Studies on human personality-related genes are frequently conducted; however, such studies are rare in horses because a consistent methodology for personality evaluation is lacking. Using the recently published whole genome variant database of 101 Thoroughbred horses, we compared horse genes orthologous to human genes related to the Big Five personality traits, and identified 18 personality-related candidate genes in horses. These genes include 55 variants that involve non-synonymous substitutions that highly impact the encoded protein. Moreover, we evaluated the allele frequencies and functional impact on the proteins in terms of the difference in molecular weights and hydrophobicity levels between reference and altered amino acids. We identified 15 newly discovered genes that may affect equine personality, but their associations with personality are still unclear. Although more studies are required to compare genetic and behavioral information to validate this approach, it may be useful under limited conditions for personality evaluation.
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22
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Manning KJ, Wu R, McQuoid DR, Steffens DC, Potter GG. Reliable Cognitive Decline in Late-Life Major Depression. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2023; 38:247-257. [PMID: 36302229 PMCID: PMC9940117 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Major depression in older adults increases the statistical likelihood of dementia. It is challenging to translate statistical evidence of cognitive decline at the group level into knowledge of individual cognitive outcomes. The objective of the current study is to investigate 2-year reliable cognitive change in late-life depression (LLD), which will enhance understanding of cognitive changes in LLD and provide a means to assess individual change. METHODS In a sample of non-depressed cognitively normal older adults or NDCN (n = 113), we used linear regression to predict tests of global cognition, processing speed-executive functioning, and memory administered 1 and 2 years later. Stepwise regression was used to select covariates among demographics and raw test scores (either baseline or year 1) and we cross-validated the final models using the predicted residual error sum of squares (PRESS). We then derived a z-change score from the difference between actual and predicted follow-up scores and investigated the proportion of LLD patients (n = 199) and NDCN adults who experienced reliable "decline" (a z-score < -1.645), "stability" (z-scores between + - 1.645), and "improvement" (z scores > +1.645). RESULTS A greater proportion LLD compared with NDCN experienced cognitive decline in processing speed/executive functioning and global cognition over 2 years. When compared to NDCN, a greater proportion of LLD also significantly improved on one test of processing speed over 2 years. CONCLUSIONS Older adults with LLD are at risk of meaningful cognitive decline over a relatively short period, particularly in the domain of executive functioning and processing speed. This study provides a series of reliable change equations for common neuropsychological tests that can be applied clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Manning
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Rong Wu
- Biostatistics Center, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Douglas R McQuoid
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David C Steffens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Guy G Potter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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23
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Zhu X, Luchetti M, Aschwanden D, Sesker AA, Stephan Y, Sutin AR, Terracciano A. Multidimensional Assessment of Subjective Well-Being and Risk of Dementia: Findings from the UK Biobank Study. JOURNAL OF HAPPINESS STUDIES 2023; 24:629-650. [PMID: 37153640 PMCID: PMC10162491 DOI: 10.1007/s10902-022-00613-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the associations between subjective well-being (SWB) and risk of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VD). We adopted a multidimensional approach to SWB that included the level and breadth of SWB, the latter indicating the extent to which SWB spreads across life domains. Participants (N=171,197; mean age=56.78; SD=8.16 years) were part of the UK Biobank and were followed up to 8.78 years. Domain-general and domain-specific SWB were measured by single items, and the breadth of SWB was indexed with a cumulative score of satisfaction across domains. Dementia incidence was ascertained through hospital and death records. Cox regression was used to examine the association between SWB indicators and risk of all-cause dementia, AD, and VD. General happiness, health and family satisfaction, and satisfaction breadth (satisfaction in multiple domains) were associated with lower risk of all-cause dementia. The associations held after accounting for socio-demographics, health, behavioral, and economic covariates, and depressive symptoms. Health satisfaction and the breadth of satisfaction were also associated with lower risk of AD and VD, with a pattern of slightly stronger associations for VD compared to AD. Some life domains (e.g., health) may be more fruitfully targeted to promote well-being and help protect against dementia, but it is also important to enhance well-being across multiple domains to maximize the protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghe Zhu
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Stafford J, Dykxhoorn J, Sommerlad A, Dalman C, Kirkbride JB, Howard R. Association between risk of dementia and very late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis: a Swedish population-based cohort study. Psychol Med 2023; 53:750-758. [PMID: 34030750 PMCID: PMC9975996 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721002099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the incidence of psychotic disorders among older people is substantial, little is known about the association with subsequent dementia. We aimed to examine the rate of dementia diagnosis in individuals with very late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis (VLOSLP) compared to those without VLOSLP. METHODS Using Swedish population register data, we established a cohort of 15 409 participants with VLOSLP matched by age and calendar period to 154 090 individuals without VLOSLP. Participants were born between 1920 and 1949 and followed from their date of first International Classification of Diseases [ICD], Revisions 8-10 (ICD-8/9/10) non-affective psychotic disorder diagnosis after age 60 years old (or the same date for matched participants) until the end of follow-up (30th December 2011), emigration, death, or first recorded ICD-8/9/10 dementia diagnosis. RESULTS We found a substantially higher rate of dementia in individuals with VLOSLP [hazard ratio (HR): 4.22, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 4.05-4.41]. Median time-to-dementia-diagnosis was 75% shorter in those with VLOSLP (time ratio: 0.25, 95% CI 0.24-0.26). This association was strongest in the first year following VLOSLP diagnosis, and attenuated over time, although dementia rates remained higher in participants with VLOSLP for up to 20 years of follow-up. This association remained after accounting for potential misdiagnosis (2-year washout HR: 2.22, 95% CI 2.10-2.36), ascertainment bias (HR: 2.89, 95% CI 2.75-3.04), and differing mortality patterns between groups (subdistribution HR: 2.89, 95% CI 2.77-3.03). CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that individuals with VLOSLP represent a high-risk group for subsequent dementia. This may be due to early prodromal changes for some individuals, highlighting the importance of ongoing symptom monitoring in people with VLOSLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Stafford
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - J. Dykxhoorn
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - A. Sommerlad
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C. Dalman
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Center for Epidemiology and Social Medicine (CES), Region Stockholm
| | - J. B. Kirkbride
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - R. Howard
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Ruiz-Adame M, Ibañez A, Mollayeva T, Trépel D. Association Between Neuroticism and Dementia on Healthcare Use: A Multi-Level Analysis Across 27 Countries from The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 95:181-193. [PMID: 37482998 PMCID: PMC11194739 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with high levels of neuroticism are greater users of health services. Similarly, people with dementia have a higher risk of hospitalization and medical visits. As a result, dementia and a high level of neuroticism increase healthcare use (HCU). However, how these joint factors impact the HCU at the population level is unknown. Similarly, no previous study has assessed the degree of generalization of such impacts, considering relevant variables including age, gender, socioeconomic, and country-level variability. OBJECTIVE To examine how neuroticism and dementia interact in the HCU. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 76,561 people (2.4% with dementia) from 27 European countries and Israel. Data were analyzed with six steps multilevel non-binomial regression modeling, a statistical method that accounts for correlation in the data taken within the same participant. RESULTS Both dementia (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR): 1.537; α= 0.000) and neuroticism (IRR: 1.122; α= 0.000) increased the HCU. The effect of having dementia and the level of neuroticism increased the HCU: around 53.67% for the case of having dementia, and 12.05% for each increment in the level of neuroticism. Conversely, high levels of neuroticism in dementia decreased HCU (IRR: 0.962; α= 0.073). These results remained robust when controlling for age, gender, socioeconomic, and country-levels effects. CONCLUSION Contrary to previous findings, neuroticism trait in people with dementia decreases the HCU across sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and country heterogeneity. These results, which take into account this personality trait among people with dementia, are relevant for the planning of health and social services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Ruiz-Adame
- Applied Economic Department, University of Granada, Campus of Melilla, Melilla, Spain
- Trépel Laboratory, Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Agustín Ibañez
- Latin American Brain Health Institute, Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago, Chile
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center & CONICET, Universidad de San Andres, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Predictive Brain Health Modelling, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tatyana Mollayeva
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- KITE Research Institute, Toronto Rehab, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dominic Trépel
- Trépel Laboratory, Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Han X, Zhou L, Tu Y, Wei J, Zhang J, Jiang G, Shi Q, Ying H. Circulating exo-miR-154-5p regulates vascular dementia through endothelial progenitor cell-mediated angiogenesis. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:881175. [PMID: 35966195 PMCID: PMC9372489 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.881175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular dementia (VaD) mainly results from cerebral vascular lesions and tissue changes, which contribute to neurodegenerative processes. Effective therapeutic approaches to targeting angiogenesis may reduce mortality of VaD. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a key role in postnatal angiogenesis. Many exosomal microRNAs (exo-miRNAs) have been reported to involve in the development of dementia. The present study was designed to investigate whether the expression profile of the exo-miRNAs is significantly altered in patients with VaD and to reveal the function of differentially expressed miRNAs and the relevant mechanisms in EPC-mediated angiogenesis in VaD rat model. Results Exosomes isolated from serum of patients with VaD (n = 7) and age-matched control subjects (n = 7), and miRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis found that circulating exosome miRNA-155-5p, miRNA-154-5p, miR-132-5p, and miR-1294 were upregulated in patients with VaD. The expression of miRNA-154-5p was further verified to be upregulated in clinical samples (n = 23) and 2-vessel occlusion-induced VaD rat model by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Notably, miRNA-154-5p inhibition in bone marrow-EPCs (BM-EPCs) from VaD rats improved EPC functions, including tube formation, migration, and adhesion, and elevated concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α). The mRNA levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and MCP-1 were reduced in miRNA-154-5p-inhibited EPCs. In addition, miRNA-154-5p inhibition increased the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in EPCs. PRKAA2 was chosen as a promising target gene of miR-154-5p, and miRNA-154-5p inhibition upregulated the protein expression of AMPKα2. Furthermore, upregulation of miR-154-5p markedly diminished EPC functions and inhibited angiogenesis following EPC transplantation in VaD rats. Conclusion Circulating exo-miR-154-5p was upregulated in patients with VaD, and miR-154-5p upregulation was associated with impaired EPC functions and angiogenesis in VaD rat model. Therefore, miR-154-5p is a promising biomarker and therapeutic strategy for VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Tu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Wei
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guojun Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojuan Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Qiaojuan Shi,
| | - Huazhong Ying
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animals and Safety Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Huazhong Ying,
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Terracciano A, Piras MR, Sutin AR, Delitala A, Curreli NC, Balaci L, Marongiu M, Zhu X, Aschwanden D, Luchetti M, Oppong R, Schlessinger D, Cucca F, Launer LJ, Fiorillo E. Facets of Personality and Risk of Cognitive Impairment: Longitudinal Findings in a Rural Community from Sardinia. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 88:1651-1661. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-220400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Few studies have examined the associations between personality facets and dementia risk and rarely included individuals from rural settings or with low education. Objective: To examine the association between personality and the risk of cognitive impairment. Methods: Participants (N = 1,668; age 50 to 94 at baseline; 56.4% women; 86.5% less than high school diploma) were from a rural region of Sardinia (Italy) who completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) during the first wave (2001–2004) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at waves two to five (2005–2021). Cox regression was used to test personality and covariates as predictors of cognitive impairment based on MMSE education-adjusted cutoffs. Results: During the up to 18-year follow-up (M = 10.38; SD = 4.76), 187 individuals (11.2%) scored as cognitively impaired. Participants with higher neuroticism (particularly the depression facet [HR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.06–1.40]), and lower agreeableness (particularly the modesty facet [HR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.71–0.97]) and lower conscientiousness (particularly the dutifulness facet [HR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.67–0.92]) were at higher risk of cognitive impairment. Lower warmth ([HR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.65–0.87], facet of extraversion) and ideas ([HR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.65–0.89], facet of openness) were also associated with increased risk of impairment. These associations were virtually unchanged in models that accounted for other risk factors, including smoking, depression, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4 carrier status. Across the five domains, sex and the APOE variant did not moderate the associations. Conclusion: In a sample with demographic characteristics underrepresented in dementia research, this study identifies personality domains and facets most relevant to the risk of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Rita Piras
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Delitala
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Nicolò Camillo Curreli
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lenuta Balaci
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Michele Marongiu
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Xianghe Zhu
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | | | - Martina Luchetti
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Richard Oppong
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Schlessinger
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lenore J. Launer
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edoardo Fiorillo
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
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28
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Taking a positive psychiatry approach to depression and cognitive decline among older adults. Int Psychogeriatr 2022; 34:605-608. [PMID: 35414374 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610222000394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Steffens DC, Manning KJ, Wu R, Grady JJ. Association of 1-year change in neuroticism and 3-year change in cognitive performance among older depressed adults. Int Psychogeriatr 2022; 34:645-650. [PMID: 35287768 PMCID: PMC9308569 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610222000084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The relationships among depression, personality factors, and cognitive decline in the elderly are complex. Depressed elders score higher in neuroticism than nondepressed older individuals. Presence of neuroticism worsens cognitive decline in depressed older adults. Yet little is known about changes in neuroticism among older adults being treated for depression and the impact of these changes on cognitive decline. DESIGN Longitudinal observational study. SETTING Academic Health Center. PARTICIPANTS We examined 68 participants in the neurobiology of late-life depression (LLD) study to test the hypothesis that older depressed subjects with more improvement in neuroticism would experience less cognitive decline compared with those with less change in neuroticism. MEASUREMENTS We measured neuroticism using the NEO-Personality Inventory-Revised at baseline and 1 year. Study psychiatrists measured depression using the Montgomery-Åsberg depression rating scale (MADRS). Global cognitive performance was measured using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD) battery at baseline and annually over 3 years. Regression models of 1-year change in neuroticism and 3-year change in CERAD included sex, age, race, education, and 1-year change in MADRS score as covariates. RESULTS We found that among older adults, 1-year change in neuroticism was inversely associated with 3-year change in CERAD total score. CONCLUSIONS Our findings challenge the notion of longitudinal stability of measures of personality, especially among older depressed individuals. They highlight the importance of repeated personality assessment, especially of neuroticism, in the management of LLD. Future studies in larger samples followed for longer periods are needed to confirm our results and to extend them to examine both cognitive change and development of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Steffens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Kevin J Manning
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - James J Grady
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
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Hou W, Liu C, Li S, Zhang Y, Jin Y, Li X, Liu Z, Niu H, Xia J. An efficient strategy based on two-stage chromatography and in vitro evaluation for rapid screening and isolation of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:1170-1184. [PMID: 34990521 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The extraction of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was investigated using the response surface methodology-genetic algorithm mathematical regression model, and the extraction variables were optimized to maximize the flavonoid yield. Furthermore, a simple and efficient ultrafiltration-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and molecular docking methods was developed for the rapid screening and identification of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors present in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Subsequently, four major chemical constituents, namely baicalein, norwogonin, wogonin, and oroxylin A, were identified as potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. This novel approach, involving the use of ultrafiltration-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and molecular docking methods combined with stepwise flow rate counter-current chromatography and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography, could potentially provide a powerful tool for the screening and extraction of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from complex matrices and be a useful platform for the production of bioactive and nutraceutical ingredients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchao Hou
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chunming Liu
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, No. 677 North Chang-ji Road, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, No. 677 North Chang-ji Road, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Yuchi Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, No. 677 North Chang-ji Road, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Yongri Jin
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xuwen Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, No. 677 North Chang-ji Road, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Huazhou Niu
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, No. 677 North Chang-ji Road, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Jianli Xia
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, No. 677 North Chang-ji Road, Changchun, 130032, China
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