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Schamne JC, Santos PS, Cavalcante VHV, Gonçalves F, Cristina-Souza G, Marinho AH, Senoski S, Bertuzzi R, Okuno NM, Lima-Silva AE. Cardiac autonomic regulation during submaximal exercise in women with fibromyalgia. J Exerc Rehabil 2024; 20:137-144. [PMID: 39228965 PMCID: PMC11366482 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2448300.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) patients present impaired cardiac autonomic regulation during maximal exercise; however, it is unknown whether these alterations also manifest during submaximal exercise. The aim of this study was to compare the on-transient heart rate (HR) response and HR variability during a constant-load submaximal cycling exercise between FM and control (CON) women. Ten women with FM (age: 45.2±9.3 years) and 10 age-matched CON women (age: 48.4±6.1 years) performed a 15-min cycling exercise, with the work rate fixed at 50% of the individual peak power output attained in a maximal graded exercise test. The time intervals between consecutive heartbeats were recorded regularly during the exercise for subsequent analysis of on-transient HR response and HR variability indices. The on-transient HR time constant was similar (P=0.83) between the FM (41.0±14.1 sec) and CON (42.2±10.4 sec). During the 5-10 and 10-15 min of exercise, HR variability indices indicating sympathetic and parasympathetic activities were similar (P>0.05) between FM and CON groups. In conclusion, women with FM presented a normal cardiac autonomic response to submaximal cycling exercise. These findings have clinical relevance, as submaximal exercises are commonly prescribed for FM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Cezar Schamne
- Human Performance Research Group, Federal University of Technology - Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba,
Brazil
| | - Pamela Souza Santos
- Human Performance Research Group, Federal University of Technology - Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba,
Brazil
| | - Victor Henrique Vieira Cavalcante
- Human Performance Research Group, Federal University of Technology - Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba,
Brazil
- Nutrition and Exercise Research Group, State University of Minas Gerais, Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais,
Brazil
| | - Felippi Gonçalves
- Human Performance Research Group, Federal University of Technology - Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba,
Brazil
| | - Gislaine Cristina-Souza
- Nutrition and Exercise Research Group, State University of Minas Gerais, Poços de Caldas, Minas Gerais,
Brazil
| | - Alisson Henrique Marinho
- Human Performance Research Group, Federal University of Technology - Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba,
Brazil
| | - Saulo Senoski
- Human Performance Research Group, Federal University of Technology - Parana (UTFPR), Curitiba,
Brazil
| | - Romulo Bertuzzi
- Endurance Performance Research Group (GEDAE-USP), School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Nilo Massaru Okuno
- Department of Physical Education, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa,
Brazil
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2
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Reyes Del Paso GA, Garcia-Hernandez A, Contreras-Merino AM, Galvez-Sánchez CM, de la Coba P, Montoro CI, Davydov DM. A two-component model of hair cortisol concentration in fibromyalgia: Independent effects of pain chronicity and severity. Eur J Pain 2024; 28:821-830. [PMID: 38102835 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.2223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain disorder of unknown aetiopathogenesis, in which the role of activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is not clearly established. METHODS This study analysed the modulatory effects of disease chronicity and severity on cortisol levels. Hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) and clinical evaluation data (pain severity, impact of FM on daily activities, depression, anxiety, fatigue and insomnia) were collected from 47 female patients with FM and 36 healthy women (HW). RESULTS The results showed that disease chronicity, with a negative effect, and symptom severity, with a positive effect, were independent predictors of HCC. Patients with a shorter disease duration had higher HCC than patients with a longer disease duration and healthy participants. Furthermore, patients with greater symptom severity had higher HCC than those patients with lower clinical severity and healthy participants. While disease chronicity in FM was associated with a decrease in HCC, clinical severity increased HCC. CONCLUSIONS These results support the existence of a dysfunction in the regulation of the HPA axis in FM and its possible contribution to chronic pain development. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first study to assess hair cortisol concentrations in a specific sample of patients with fibromyalgia (FM). This method is especially useful for the assessment of long-term regular cortisol excretion. Results showed a two-component model for explaining cortisol levels: disease chronicity, with a negative effect, and symptom severity, with a positive effect. This suggests that severe pain/stress evokes higher cortisol levels at earlier stages of FM, while in the longer term a decrease in cortisol levels was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - P de la Coba
- Department of Psychology and Anthropology, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - C I Montoro
- Department of Psychology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - D M Davydov
- María Zambrano senior scholar, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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3
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McBenedict B, Petrus D, Pires MP, Pogodina A, Arrey Agbor DB, Ahmed YA, Castro Ceron JI, Balaji A, Abrahão A, Lima Pessôa B. The Role of the Insula in Chronic Pain and Associated Structural Changes: An Integrative Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e58511. [PMID: 38770492 PMCID: PMC11103916 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain affects a substantial portion of the global population, significantly impacting quality of life and well-being. This condition involves complex mechanisms, including dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, which plays a crucial role in pain perception. The insula, a key brain region involved in pain processing, plays a critical role in pain perception and modulation. Lesions in the insula can result in pain asymbolia, where pain perception remains intact but emotional responses are inappropriate. The insula is anatomically and functionally divided into anterior and posterior regions, with the posterior insula processing nociceptive input based on intensity and location before relaying it to the anterior insula for emotional mediation. Understanding the insula's intricate role in pain processing is crucial, as it is involved in encoding prediction errors and mediating emotional dimensions of pain perception. The focus of this review was on synthesizing existing literature on the role of the insula in chronic pain and associated structural changes. The goal was to integrate findings from various sources to provide a comprehensive overview of the topic. The search strategy included a combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and relevant keywords related to insula and chronic pain. The following databases were surveyed: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. We identified a total of 2515 articles, and after following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline based on eligibility criteria, 46 articles were used to synthesize this review. Our study highlights the pivotal role of the insula in chronic pain processing and associated structural changes, integrating findings from diverse studies and neuroimaging investigations. Beyond mere pain sensation, the insula contributes to emotional awareness, attention, and salience detection within the pain network. Various chronic pain conditions reveal alterations in insular activity and connectivity, accompanied by changes in gray matter volume and neurochemical profiles. Interventions targeting the insula show promise in alleviating chronic pain symptoms. However, further research is needed to understand underlying mechanisms, which can aid in developing more effective therapeutic interventions for pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dulci Petrus
- Family Health, Directorate of Special Programs, Ministry of Health and Social Services, Windhoek, NAM
| | | | - Anna Pogodina
- Medicine and Surgery, University of Buckingham, Buckingham, GBR
| | | | - Yusuf A Ahmed
- Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EGY
| | - Jose Ittay Castro Ceron
- Academic Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Pachuca, MEX
| | - Aishwariya Balaji
- General Practice, Government Kilpauk Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, IND
| | - Ana Abrahão
- Public Health, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, BRA
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4
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Gilheaney Ó, Chadwick A. The Prevalence and Nature of Eating and Swallowing Problems in Adults with Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review. Dysphagia 2024; 39:92-108. [PMID: 37347255 PMCID: PMC10781843 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-023-10597-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a complex chronic pain condition characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and sleep disturbances. People with fibromyalgia can experience both autonomic and somatic disturbances, cognitive and mental health symptoms, and hypersensitivity to external stimuli. Fibromyalgia often co-occurs with a range of well-researched comorbidities (e.g., temporomandibular disorders, migraine, and irritable bowel syndrome). However, emerging research suggests that individuals with fibromyalgia also often experience eating, drinking, and swallowing problems (e.g., odynophagia, glossodynia, etc.). However, there is very little known about these issues, their psychosocial impact, or the best means of managing them clinically. As such, the aim of this research was to examine the epidemiology, prevalence and nature of eating and swallowing problems in adults with fibromyalgia as reported within previous research. A systematic search of electronic databases, selected conference proceedings, and reference lists was completed in March 2021, with no date or language restrictions. Studies reporting the presence and nature of eating and drinking problems in this cohort were included. Eligibility was assessed by two independent reviewers who also critically appraised the included studies using the Joanna Briggs Tool. This literature search yielded a total of 38 potentially eligible studies, with 6 studies included in analysis. Studies were highly heterogeneous in methodology and design, with meta-analysis showing that dysphagia and GERD are prevalent in fibromyalgia patients (51.9% and 25.9%, respectively), among other issues. From review of existing literature, eating and swallowing problems appear to be common among adults with fibromyalgia, with potential additional repercussions for activity, participation, and quality of life. Further research is required to prospectively investigate these issues, with patient and public involvement necessary to guide impactful research planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Órla Gilheaney
- Department of Clinical Speech & Language Studies, School of Linguistic, Speech & Communication Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Room 102, 7-9 South Leinster Street, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Andrea Chadwick
- University of Kansas Medical Center, 10710 Nall Ave, Overland Park, KS, 66211, USA
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Suarez-Roca H, Mamoun N, Watkins LL, Bortsov AV, Mathew JP. Higher Cardiovagal Baroreflex Sensitivity Predicts Increased Pain Outcomes After Cardiothoracic Surgery. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2024; 25:187-201. [PMID: 37567546 PMCID: PMC10841280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Excessive postoperative pain can lead to extended hospitalization and increased expenses, but factors that predict its severity are still unclear. Baroreceptor function could influence postoperative pain by modulating nociceptive processing and vagal-mediated anti-inflammatory reflexes. To investigate this relationship, we conducted a study with 55 patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiothoracic surgery to evaluate whether cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) can predict postoperative pain. We assessed the spontaneous cardiovagal BRS under resting pain-free conditions before surgery. We estimated postoperative pain outcomes with the Pain, Enjoyment, and General Activity scale and pressure pain thresholds on the first (POD1) and second (POD2) postoperative days and persistent pain 3 and 6 months after hospital discharge. We also measured circulating levels of relevant inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein, albumin, cytokines) at baseline, POD1, and POD2 to assess the contribution of inflammation to the relationship between BRS and postoperative pain. Our mixed-effects model analysis showed a significant main effect of preoperative BRS on postoperative pain (P = .013). Linear regression analysis revealed a significant positive association between preoperative BRS and postoperative pain on POD2, even after adjusting for demographic, surgical, analgesic treatment, and psychological factors. Moreover, preoperative BRS was linked to pain interfering with general activity and enjoyment but not with other pain parameters (pain intensity and pressure pain thresholds). Preoperative BRS had modest associations with postoperative C-reactive protein and IL-10 levels, but they did not mediate its relationship with postoperative pain. These findings indicate that preoperative BRS can independently predict postoperative pain, which could serve as a modifiable criterion for optimizing postoperative pain management. PERSPECTIVE: This article shows that preoperative BRS predicts postoperative pain outcomes independently of the inflammatory response and pain sensitivity to noxious pressure stimulation. These results provide valuable insights into the role of baroreceptors in pain and suggest a helpful tool for improving postoperative pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heberto Suarez-Roca
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Negmeldeen Mamoun
- Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lana L Watkins
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Department, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Andrey V Bortsov
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Joseph P Mathew
- Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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6
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Rampazo ÉP, Rehder-Santos P, Catai AM, Liebano RE. Heart rate variability in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain: A systematic review. Pain Pract 2024; 24:211-230. [PMID: 37661339 DOI: 10.1111/papr.13294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this review was to compare the heart rate variability (HRV) responses at rest of adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain against healthy controls. METHODS The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (Science and Social Science Citation Index), and CINAHL databases were searched, with no date restrictions. Two independent reviewers selected observational studies that characterized the HRV responses at rest in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain compared with those of healthy controls. Methodological quality was assessed using the Downs and Black checklist. RESULTS This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. HRV in adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain was evaluated systematically. Of the 4893 studies screened, 20 of poor-to-moderate quality met the inclusion criteria. Most studies used electrocardiography and at least one time and/or frequency domain index. Studies were found that investigated HRV in adults with temporomandibular disorders, neck pain, whiplash, low back pain, and fibromyalgia. The heterogeneity of the studies in relation to painful conditions, parameters or position for HRV analysis precluded a meta-analysis. In general, these studies seem to show increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic modulation in adults with musculoskeletal pain when compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS Adults with musculoskeletal pain exhibited a decline in HRV compared to controls. However, definitive conclusions cannot be drawn since the evidence is heterogeneous and of moderate quality. Further high-quality research with standardized measurements is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Érika P Rampazo
- Physiotherapeutic Resources Research Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Rehder-Santos
- Cardiovascular Physiotherapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aparecida M Catai
- Cardiovascular Physiotherapy Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Richard E Liebano
- Physiotherapeutic Resources Research Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Hartford, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA
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7
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Forte G, Troisi G, Favieri F, De Pascalis V, Langher V, Casagrande M. Inhibition and Heart Rate Variability in Experimentally Induced Pain. J Pain Res 2023; 16:3239-3249. [PMID: 37790193 PMCID: PMC10542212 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s418238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pain is a complex experience that requires executive functions (EFs) to be processed. The autonomic outcome of the neural networks involved in the cognitive evaluation of pain is reflected by heart rate variability (HRV), an index of self-regulation abilities. Although some results suggest a relationship between HRV, EFs, and pain, studies focusing on this three-way relationship are still scarce. Objective This study aims to investigate the relationship between pain, cognitive, and autonomic mechanisms, hypothesizing an association between resting HRV and both cognitive and motor inhibition as indices of executive functioning. This relationship was investigated after an experimental-induced pain. Methods Seventy-six young adults were exposed to the Cold Pressure Arm Warp to induce experimental pain. HRV was collected, and cognitive tasks were administered to assess executive performance. Results The results showed that (1) HRV indices significantly increased during pain stimulation, (2) cognitive inhibition was positively correlated with vagal indices and with pain parameters, (3) both inhibition tasks significantly predicted pain threshold while the performance on the Stroop Task predicted pain tolerance. Conclusion Results suggest a three-way relationship. Further research would focus on the role of HRV and cognitive strategies in pain management in chronic pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Forte
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, 00185, Italy
| | - Giovanna Troisi
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, 00185, Italy
| | - Francesca Favieri
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, 00185, Italy
| | | | - Viviana Langher
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, 00185, Italy
| | - Maria Casagrande
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, 00185, Italy
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8
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Bossenger NR, Lewis GN, Rice DA, Shepherd D. The autonomic and nociceptive response to acute experimental stress is impaired in people with knee osteoarthritis: A preliminary study. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2023; 14:100144. [PMID: 38099282 PMCID: PMC10719531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2023.100144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective Alterations in autonomic function are evident in some chronic pain conditions but have not been thoroughly examined in people with osteoarthritis (OA). The study aimed to examine resting autonomic nervous system (ANS) function in people with knee OA, and the response of the autonomic and nociceptive systems to acute stress. Methods A preliminary cross-sectional study was undertaken involving people with knee OA (n = 14), fibromyalgia (n = 13), and pain-free controls (n = 15). The sympathetic and parasympathetic components of the ANS were assessed through measures of pre-ejection period (PEP), skin conductance level (SCL), and high frequency heart rate variability (HF HRV). The nociceptive system was assessed through pain ratings associated with a tonic heat pain stimulus. In separate sessions, ANS and heat pain measures were assessed at rest and in response to nociceptive and mental arithmetic stressors. Results The knee OA group showed reduced HF HRV at rest and reduced modulation in response to stress. Resting PEP and SCL were normal in the knee OA group but PEP modulation was impaired in both chronic pain groups during nociceptive stress. The expected reduction in tonic heat pain ratings in response to stress was lacking in the knee OA and FM groups. Conclusion Preliminary evidence shows impaired parasympathetic nervous system function at rest and in response to nociceptive and mental stress in people with knee OA, with some evidence of altered sympathetic nervous system function. Impaired ANS function could contribute to ongoing pain experienced, and interventions that target ANS function could be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil R Bossenger
- Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gwyn N Lewis
- Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David A Rice
- Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- Waitematā Pain Service, Te Whatu Ora Waitematā, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Shepherd
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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Pinto AM, Luís M, Geenen R, Palavra F, Lumley MA, Ablin JN, Amris K, Branco J, Buskila D, Castelhano J, Castelo-Branco M, Crofford LJ, Fitzcharles MA, Häuser W, Kosek E, López-Solà M, Mease P, Marques TR, Jacobs JWG, Castilho P, da Silva JAP. Neurophysiological and Psychosocial Mechanisms of Fibromyalgia: A Comprehensive Review and Call for An Integrative Model. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023:105235. [PMID: 37207842 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Research into the neurobiological and psychosocial mechanisms involved in fibromyalgia has progressed remarkably in recent years. Despite this, current accounts of fibromyalgia fail to capture the complex, dynamic, and mutual crosstalk between neurophysiological and psychosocial domains. We conducted a comprehensive review of the existing literature in order to: a) synthesize current knowledge on fibromyalgia; b) explore and highlight multi-level links and pathways between different systems; and c) build bridges connecting disparate perspectives. An extensive panel of international experts in neurophysiological and psychosocial aspects of fibromyalgia discussed the collected evidence and progressively refined and conceptualized its interpretation. This work constitutes an essential step towards the development of a model capable of integrating the main factors implicated in fibromyalgia into a single, unified construct which appears indispensable to foster the understanding, assessment, and intervention for fibromyalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Pinto
- University of Coimbra, Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Rua do Colégio Novo, s/n, 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, University Clinic of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga - FMUC, Pólo I - Edifício Central, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Psychological Medicine Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga - FMUC, Pólo I - Edifício Central, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Luís
- Rheumatology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Rinie Geenen
- Department of Psychology, Utrecht University, Martinus J. Langeveldgebouw, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands; Altrecht Psychosomatic Medicine Eikenboom, Vrijbaan 2, 3705 WC Zeist, the Netherlands.
| | - Filipe Palavra
- Centre for Child Development, Neuropediatric Unit. Pediatric Hospital, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Avenida Afonso Romão, 3000-602 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (i.CBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Mark A Lumley
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, 5057 Woodward Ave., Suite 7908, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Jacob N Ablin
- Internal Medicine H, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel.
| | - Kirstine Amris
- The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Nordre Fasanvej 57, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Jaime Branco
- Rheumatology Department, Egas Moniz Hospital - Lisboa Ocidental Hospital Centre (CHLO-EPE), R. da Junqueira 126, 1349-019 Lisbon, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Chronic Diseases Research Centre (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, NOVA University Lisbon (NMS/UNL), Campo Mártires da Pátria 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Dan Buskila
- Ben Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheba, Israel.
| | - João Castelhano
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), ICNAS, Edifício do ICNAS, Polo 3, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal, Portugal.
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), ICNAS, Edifício do ICNAS, Polo 3, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal, Portugal.
| | - Leslie J Crofford
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Mary-Ann Fitzcharles
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, 1650 Cedar Ave, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1A4.
| | - Winfried Häuser
- Department Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Eva Kosek
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden; Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Marina López-Solà
- Serra Hunter Programme, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona.
| | - Philip Mease
- Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health, Seattle, WA, USA; University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Tiago Reis Marques
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2BU, UK; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK.
| | - Johannes W G Jacobs
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - Paula Castilho
- University of Coimbra, Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Rua do Colégio Novo, s/n, 3000-115 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - José A P da Silva
- University of Coimbra, University Clinic of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Rua Larga - FMUC, Pólo I - Edifício Central, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; Rheumatology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (i.CBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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10
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Wyns A, Hendrix J, Lahousse A, De Bruyne E, Nijs J, Godderis L, Polli A. The Biology of Stress Intolerance in Patients with Chronic Pain—State of the Art and Future Directions. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062245. [PMID: 36983246 PMCID: PMC10057496 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress has been consistently linked to negative impacts on physical and mental health. More specifically, patients with chronic pain experience stress intolerance, which is an exacerbation or occurrence of symptoms in response to any type of stress. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unsolved. In this state-of-the-art paper, we summarised the role of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the two major stress response systems in stress intolerance. We provided insights into such mechanisms based on evidence from clinical studies in both patients with chronic pain, showing dysregulated stress systems, and healthy controls supported by preclinical studies, highlighting the link between these systems and symptoms of stress intolerance. Furthermore, we explored the possible regulating role for (epi)genetic mechanisms influencing the ANS and HPA axis. The link between stress and chronic pain has become an important area of research as it has the potential to inform the development of interventions to improve the quality of life for individuals living with chronic pain. As stress has become a prevalent concern in modern society, understanding the connection between stress, HPA axis, ANS, and chronic health conditions such as chronic pain is crucial to improve public health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Wyns
- Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (A.W.); (A.L.); (J.N.); (A.P.)
| | - Jolien Hendrix
- Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (A.W.); (A.L.); (J.N.); (A.P.)
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment & Health, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Flanders Research Foundation-FWO, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| | - Astrid Lahousse
- Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (A.W.); (A.L.); (J.N.); (A.P.)
- Flanders Research Foundation-FWO, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Chronic Pain Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Rehabilitation Research (RERE) Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy (KIMA), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elke De Bruyne
- Department of Hematology and Immunology-Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Jo Nijs
- Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (A.W.); (A.L.); (J.N.); (A.P.)
- Chronic Pain Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lode Godderis
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment & Health, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, IDEWE, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Andrea Polli
- Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (A.W.); (A.L.); (J.N.); (A.P.)
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment & Health, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Flanders Research Foundation-FWO, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
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Coexistence of fibromyalgia syndrome and inflammatory rheumatic diseases, and autonomic cardiovascular system involvement in fibromyalgia syndrome. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:645-652. [PMID: 36151442 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06385-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The spectrum of symptoms represented by fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) has a profound effect on daily activities and impairs the quality of life. A considerable proportion of patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs) fulfill the FMS criteria, which can complicate the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-ups of IRD. In addition, the coexistence of FMS may cause unnecessary laboratory and radiological assessments. Several mechanisms have been proposed that may have a role in the etiopathogenesis of FMS, one of which is autonomic dysregulation. In studies evaluating cardiac autonomic dysfunction based on heart rate variability (HRV), there has been found to be a decrease in HRV and dominance of the sympathetic nervous system. Autonomic reactivity reflects modulations of several functions to overcome the existing state and conditions. Blunted autonomic reactivity has been found in some FMS patients, which makes it difficult for these patients to respond appropriately to unexpected stress sources that occur during daily living activities. Baroreceptor signals have an inhibitory influence on the central nervous system, and these impulses cause pain suppression. From this perspective, there are studies that have suggested the involvement of diminished baroreflex sensitivity in the etiology of FMS. The risk of endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness have been shown to occur in FMS patients due to autonomic dysfunction, sympathetic nervous system dominance, chronic stress, and pain. There is also evidence linking FMS with the risk of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Considering all these cardiovascular autonomic dysfunctions, tests that can confirm abnormalities should be performed when suspicion arises. There is a need for specific pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment alternatives to be identified for subgroups of patients with cardiovascular system abnormalities. Key points • The frequency of FMS accompanying inflammatory rheumatic diseases is considerable and this coexistence leads to troubles in evaluating treatment response and determining appropriate medical treatment options in inflammatory rheumatic diseases. • Various cardiovascular autonomic abnormalities have been described in FMS patients. Among these, the most emphasized are autonomic dysfunction, the disruption of the balance between the sympathetic-parasympathetic nervous systems, blunted autonomic reactivity to acute stress, changes in baroreflex sensitivity, increased arterial stiffness, and electrophysiological alterations. • Autonomic cardiovascular dysfunction may be involved in the complex etiopathogenesis of the fibromyalgia syndrome and may trigger at least some symptoms.
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12
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Bossenger NR, Lewis GN, Rice DA, Shepherd D. The autonomic and nociceptive response to acute exercise is impaired in people with knee osteoarthritis. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2023; 13:100118. [PMID: 36711216 PMCID: PMC9873673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2023.100118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objectives An acute bout of exercise typically leads to short term exercise induced hypoalgesia (EIH), but this response is more variable in many chronic pain populations, including knee osteoarthritis (OA) and fibromyalgia (FM). There is evidence of autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction in some chronic pain populations that may contribute to impaired EIH, but this has not been investigated in people with knee OA. The aim of this study was to assess the acute effects of isometric exercise on the nociceptive and autonomic nervous systems in people with knee OA and FM, compared to pain-free controls. Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken with 14 people with knee OA, 13 people with FM, and 15 pain free controls. Across two experimental sessions, baseline recordings and the response of the nociceptive and autonomic nervous systems to a 5-min submaximal isometric contraction of the quadriceps muscle was assessed. The nociceptive system was assessed using pressure pain thresholds at the knee and forearm. The ANS was assessed using high frequency heart rate variability, cardiac pre-ejection period, and electrodermal activity. Outcome measures were obtained before and during (ANS) or immediately after (nociceptive) the acute bout of exercise. Results Submaximal isometric exercise led to EIH in the control group. EIH was absent in both chronic pain groups. Both chronic pain groups showed lower vagal activity at rest. Furthermore, people with knee OA demonstrated reduced vagal withdrawal in response to acute isometric exercise compared to controls. Sympathetic reactivity was similar across groups. Discussion The findings of reduced tonic vagal activity and reduced autonomic modulation in response to isometric exercise raise the potential of a blunted ability to adapt to acute exercise stress and modulate nociception in people with knee OA. The impairment of EIH in knee OA may, in part, be due to ANS dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil R. Bossenger
- Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gwyn N. Lewis
- Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- Corresponding author at: Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - David A. Rice
- Health and Rehabilitation Research Institute, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- Waitematā Pain Services, Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Te Whatu Ora Waitematā, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Shepherd
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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Yeater TD, Griffith JL, Cruz CJ, Patterson FM, Aldrich JL, Allen KD. Hypertension contributes to exacerbated osteoarthritis pathophysiology in rats in a sex-dependent manner. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:7. [PMID: 36635774 PMCID: PMC9835335 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02966-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a common comorbidity of osteoarthritis (OA) with known autonomic dysregulation; thus, the autonomic nervous system may provide a shared underlying mechanism. The objective of this study was to examine the role of the autonomic nervous system in a preclinical model of OA and hypertension. METHODS Experiments were conducted in spontaneously hypertensive rats and a normotensive control strain, including male and female rats. OA was surgically induced via medial meniscus transection with skin incision used as a sham control (n = 7-8/strain/sex/surgery). Tactile sensitivity, anxiety-related behavior, and serum corticosterone were measured at baseline then bi-weekly across 8 weeks. At weeks 9-10, cardiovascular responses to a chemical vagal nerve agonist were determined to indirectly evaluate vagus nerve function. The joint structure was assessed via grading of histological sections. RESULTS In males, OA resulted in thinner cartilage in both hypertensive (OA vs. non-OA p < 0.001) and normotensive (OA vs. non-OA p < 0.001). Only females with comorbid hypertension and OA displayed thinner cartilage (p = 0.013). Male hypertensive OA animals had increased calcified subchondral bone compared to normotensive OA animals (p = 0.043) while female hypertensive OA animals had increased calcified subchondral bone compared to hypertensive sham animals (p < 0.001). All MCLT+MMT groups developed low-grade synovitis; interestingly, hypertensive OA females had higher synovitis scores than normotensive OA females (p = 0.046). Additionally, hypertension led to larger drops in blood pressure with vagal activation in both OA (hypertensive vs. normotensive p = 0.018) and sham (hypertensive vs. normotensive p < 0.001) male animals. In females, this trend held true only in OA animals (normotensive vs. hypertensive p = 0.005). CONCLUSION These data provide preliminary evidence that hypertension influences OA progression and encourages further study into the autonomic nervous system as a possible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor D Yeater
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jacob L Griffith
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Carlos J Cruz
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Folly M Patterson
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Community Dentistry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jessica L Aldrich
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kyle D Allen
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomedical Sciences Building, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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14
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Pinto AM, Geenen R, Wager TD, Lumley MA, Häuser W, Kosek E, Ablin JN, Amris K, Branco J, Buskila D, Castelhano J, Castelo-Branco M, Crofford LJ, Fitzcharles MA, López-Solà M, Luís M, Marques TR, Mease PJ, Palavra F, Rhudy JL, Uddin LQ, Castilho P, Jacobs JWG, da Silva JAP. Emotion regulation and the salience network: a hypothetical integrative model of fibromyalgia. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2023; 19:44-60. [PMID: 36471023 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-022-00873-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances and other symptoms, and has a substantial socioeconomic impact. Current biomedical and psychosocial treatments are unsatisfactory for many patients, and treatment progress has been hindered by the lack of a clear understanding of the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia. We present here a model of fibromyalgia that integrates current psychosocial and neurophysiological observations. We propose that an imbalance in emotion regulation, reflected by an overactive 'threat' system and underactive 'soothing' system, might keep the 'salience network' (also known as the midcingulo-insular network) in continuous alert mode, and this hyperactivation, in conjunction with other mechanisms, contributes to fibromyalgia. This proposed integrative model, which we term the Fibromyalgia: Imbalance of Threat and Soothing Systems (FITSS) model, should be viewed as a working hypothesis with limited supporting evidence available. We hope, however, that this model will shed new light on existing psychosocial and biological observations, and inspire future research to address the many gaps in our knowledge about fibromyalgia, ultimately stimulating the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Pinto
- University of Coimbra, Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, University Clinic of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Psychological Medicine Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rinie Geenen
- Department of Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Altrecht Psychosomatic Medicine Eikenboom, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Tor D Wager
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Mark A Lumley
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Winfried Häuser
- Department Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Kosek
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jacob N Ablin
- Internal Medicine H, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Kirstine Amris
- The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Jaime Branco
- Rheumatology Department, Egas Moniz Hospital - Lisboa Ocidental Hospital Centre (CHLO-EPE), Lisbon, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Chronic Diseases Research Centre (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, NOVA University Lisbon (NMS/UNL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dan Buskila
- Ben Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheba, Beersheba, Israel
| | - João Castelhano
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), ICNAS, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), ICNAS, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Leslie J Crofford
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mary-Ann Fitzcharles
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marina López-Solà
- Serra Hunter Programme, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariana Luís
- Rheumatology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tiago Reis Marques
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Philip J Mease
- Swedish Medical Center/Providence St. Joseph Health, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Filipe Palavra
- Centre for Child Development, Neuropediatric Unit, Paediatric Hospital, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (i.CBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jamie L Rhudy
- Department of Psychology, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Lucina Q Uddin
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Paula Castilho
- University of Coimbra, Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention (CINEICC), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Johannes W G Jacobs
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - José A P da Silva
- University of Coimbra, University Clinic of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Rheumatology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal.
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (i.CBR), Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Thieme K, Jung K, Mathys MG, Gracely RH, Turk DC. Cardiac-Gated Neuromodulation Increased Baroreflex Sensitivity and Reduced Pain Sensitivity in Female Fibromyalgia Patients. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11206220. [PMID: 36294542 PMCID: PMC9605536 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11206220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The study presents a novel approach of programing pain inhibition in chronic pain patients based on the hypothesis that pain perception is modulated by dysfunctional dorsal medial nucleus tractus solitarii (dmNTS) reflex arcs that produce diminished baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) resulting from a conditioned response. This study tested whether administration of noxious and non-noxious electrical stimuli synchronized with the cardiac cycle resets BRS, reestablishing pain inhibition. A total of 30 pain-free normotensives controls (NC) and 32 normotensives fibromyalgia (FM) patients received two, ≈8 min-epochs of cardiac-gated, peripheral electrical stimuli. Non-painful and painful electrical stimuli were synchronized to the cardiac cycle as the neuromodulation experimental protocol (EP) with two control conditions (CC1, CC2). BRS, heart-rate-variability (HRV), pain threshold and tolerance, and clinical pain intensity were assessed. Reduced BRS in FM at baseline increased by 41% during two, ≈8 min-epochs of stimulation. Thresholds in FM increased significantly during the experimental protocol (all Ps < 0.001) as did HRV. FM levels of clinical pain significantly decreased by 35.52% during the experimental protocol but not during control stimulations (p < 0.001). Baroreceptor training may reduce FM pain by BRS-mediated effects on intrinsic pain regulatory systems and autonomic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kati Thieme
- Department of Medical Psychology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-15158532986
| | - Kathrin Jung
- Department of Medical Psychology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Marc G. Mathys
- Department of Medical Psychology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Richard H. Gracely
- Center for Pain Research and Innovation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Dennis C. Turk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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16
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Deng EZ, Weikel DP, Martucci KT. Evaluation by Survival Analysis of Cold Pain Tolerance in Patients with Fibromyalgia and Opioid Use. J Pain Res 2022; 15:2783-2799. [PMID: 36111289 PMCID: PMC9470281 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s368805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The cold pressor test (CPT) is a clinical pain research method used to measure cold pain tolerance. During this test, participants immerse an extremity (ie, hand or foot) into cold water for as long as tolerable. The duration of the test (traditionally up to an experimentally imposed cut-off at 2 minutes) indicates the amount of cold pain tolerance by the participant. Prior research studies have investigated cold pain tolerance in patients with chronic pain. However, few of these studies have used survival analysis, which allows for proper handling of data censoring and is therefore, an optimal statistical method for CPT data analysis. The goal of the present study was to use survival analysis to evaluate cold pain tolerance in patients with fibromyalgia. Furthermore, we aimed to model relationships between psychological and clinical variables as well as opioid medication use and cold pain tolerance. Patients and Methods A total of 85 patients with fibromyalgia (42 who were taking opioids) and 47 healthy pain-free controls provided CPT and questionnaire data (collected across 2 study sites) for a case-control study. We used survival analysis using Cox regression to evaluate group differences (patients vs controls) in cold pain tolerance and to evaluate cold pain tolerance relationships with psychological, clinical, and medication use. Results As compared to healthy controls, patients with fibromyalgia exhibited significantly lower CPT survival (HR = 2.17, 95% CI: [1.42, 3.31], p = 0.00035). As indicated by Cox regression models, the significant group difference in CPT survival did not relate to our selected psychological and clinical measures (p > 0.05). The groups of non-opioid-taking patients and healthy controls showed consistent CPT survival across study sites. However, patients taking opioid pain medications showed differences in CPT survival across study sites. Conclusion By using survival analysis, an optimal method for time-to-event pain measures such as the CPT, we confirmed previously identified reductions in cold pain tolerance in patients with fibromyalgia. While our selected psychological and clinical measures were not significantly associated with cold pain tolerance, our data suggest that opioid medication use may impart greater cold pain tolerance in some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden Z Deng
- Human Affect and Pain Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Biostatistics Group, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Daniel P Weikel
- Biostatistics Group, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Katherine T Martucci
- Human Affect and Pain Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Biostatistics Group, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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17
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The Role of Depressive Disorders in Autonomic Cardiovascular Dysregulation in Fibromyalgia. Psychosom Med 2022; 84:793-802. [PMID: 35796593 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous research revealed aberrances in autonomic cardiovascular regulation in fibromyalgia, which may be relevant to symptoms genesis and the increased risk of cardiovascular disorders in individuals with fibromyalgia. This study investigated the role of comorbid depression in autonomic cardiovascular dysregulations in fibromyalgia. METHODS Cardiovascular recordings were obtained in 53 participants with fibromyalgia who also had depression ( n = 27), in participants with fibromyalgia without depression ( n = 26), and in 29 healthy controls, at rest and during a cold pressor test and an arithmetic task. Assessed parameters included interbeat interval, blood pressure, heart rate variability, baroreflex sensitivity, stroke volume, preejection period, left ventricular ejection time, Heather index, and total peripheral resistance. RESULTS Participants with both fibromyalgia and depression displayed lower tonic interbeat interval, baroreflex sensitivity, and heart rate variability compared with participants with fibromyalgia without depression and controls ( p values < .012, d values = 0.71-1.06). Participants with fibromyalgia but without depression did not differ from controls in these variables. Moreover, participants with fibromyalgia who also had depression, but not those without depression, exhibited lower Heather index, stroke volume, and left ventricular ejection time compared with controls ( p values < .013, d values = 0.62-0.78). No group differences arose for preejection period or total peripheral resistance. Stress reactivity was reduced in participants with fibromyalgia, independently of depression, for diastolic blood pressure, interbeat interval, left ventricular ejection time, and heart rate variability, than in controls. CONCLUSIONS The role of depression in the autonomic dysregulation in fibromyalgia involves chronotropic cardiac control rather than adrenergic influences on contractility and vascular tone. Blunted cardiovascular reactivity may be ascribable to pathological factors inherent to fibromyalgia. These results underline the importance of diagnostics and treatment of comorbid depressive disorders in the management of fibromyalgia.
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Sainero-Tirado G, Ramírez-Maestre C, López-Martínez AE, Esteve R. Distress intolerance and pain catastrophizing as mediating variables in PTSD and chronic noncancer pain comorbidity. Scand J Pain 2022; 23:318-325. [PMID: 35858875 DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2022-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several studies have demonstrated posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic pain comorbidity. However, there is a lack of research on the psychological variables that might explain their co-occurrence. We investigated the mediating role of distress intolerance and pain catastrophizing in this relationship. METHODS A moderated mediation model was tested. The sample comprised 114 individuals with chronic noncancer pain (90 women and 24 men; mean age, of 60.04 years [SD=9.76]). RESULTS Catastrophizing had a significant effect on PTSD. Distress intolerance mediated catastrophizing and PTSD, and pain intensity moderated this relationship. CONCLUSIONS New insights are provided into the psychological variables that may explain PTSD and chronic noncancer pain comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmen Ramírez-Maestre
- University of Malaga: Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alicia E López-Martínez
- University of Malaga: Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rosa Esteve
- University of Malaga: Universidad de Málaga, Malaga, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
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Prados G, Miró E, Martínez MP, Sánchez AI, Pichot V, Medina-Casado M, Chouchou F. Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Nocturnal Autonomic Activity in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Preliminary Study. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12070947. [PMID: 35884753 PMCID: PMC9320055 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12070947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: fibromyalgia is a complex chronic pain syndrome characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, insomnia and autonomic alterations. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is regarded as a promising treatment in fibromyalgia, but its impact on autonomic function remains uncertain. In this research, we studied the effect of CBT on autonomic functions in fibromyalgia. Methods: Twenty-five participants underwent overnight polysomnographic recordings before and after CBT programs focused on pain (CBT-P) or a hybrid modality focused on pain and insomnia (CBT-C). Sleep quality, daily pain, depression and anxiety were assessed by self-reported questionnaires. We analyzed heart rate variability (HRV) using high-frequency power (HF) as a marker for parasympathetic activity, and low-frequency power (LF) and the LF/HF ratio as relative sympathetic markers during wakefulness and at each sleep stage. Results: After treatment, 14 patients (/25, 58.0%) reported improvement in their sleep: 6 in the CBT-P condition (/12, 50%), and 8 in the CBT-C condition (/13, 61.5%). We found that, regardless of the type of CBT, patients who reported improvement in sleep quality (n = 14, 58%) had an increase in HF during stages N2 (p < 0.05) and N3 (p < 0.05). These changes were related to improvement in sleep quality (N2, r = −0.43, p = 0.033) but not to pain, depression or anxiety. Conclusions: This study showed an improvement in parasympathetic cardiac control during non-rapid-eye-movement sleep following CBT in fibromyalgia participants who reported better sleep after this therapy. CBT may have a cardio-protective effect and HRV could be used as a sleep monitoring tool in fibromyalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germán Prados
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Elena Miró
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.M.); (A.I.S.)
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958249537
| | - M. Pilar Martínez
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.M.); (A.I.S.)
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana I. Sánchez
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.P.M.); (A.I.S.)
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Vincent Pichot
- INSERM, U1059, Sainbiose, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, 42023 Saint-Etienne, France;
| | - Marta Medina-Casado
- Blood Transfusion Centre and Tissue Bank of Granada-Almería, 18014 Granada, Spain;
| | - Florian Chouchou
- IRISSE Laboratory (EA4075), UFR SHE, University of La Réunion, 97430 Le Tampon, France;
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White L, Smith AD, Farrell SF. Associations between resting heart rate, resting blood pressure, psychological variables and pain processing in chronic whiplash-associated disorder: a cross-sectional study. PAIN MEDICINE 2022; 23:1882-1890. [PMID: 35587744 PMCID: PMC9629357 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnac075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective Autonomic nervous system dysfunction has been implicated in chronic whiplash-associated disorder (WAD). However, the relationship between autonomic variables (e.g., resting heart rate and blood pressure) and clinical factors in chronic WAD is not well understood. This study sought to examine the associations between resting heart rate, resting blood pressure, pain processing and psychological variables in chronic WAD and in pain-free controls. Design Secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study. Setting University clinical research laboratory. Subjects Thirty-six people with chronic WAD Grade II (mean [SD] age 40.1 [14.6] years, 28 females) and 25 pain-free controls (35.6 [13.0] years, 17 females). Methods Participants had resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure measured. Pain processing measures comprised: (i) pain pressure threshold at the cervical spine, hand and leg, (ii) temporal summation at the cervical spine and hand, and (iii) conditioned pain modulation. Psychological outcomes included measures of kinesiophobia, pain catastrophizing and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Correlations between autonomic variables, pain processing and psychological variables were determined (P < .05, 5% FDR). Results No significant correlations between autonomic and pain processing variables, or autonomic and psychological variables were found in the chronic WAD group. In the control group, diastolic blood pressure was positively correlated with cervical spine pressure pain threshold (r = 0.53, P = .007). Conclusions An association between blood pressure and pain sensitivity was observed in the control group but not the chronic WAD group. Such an association appears to be disrupted in chronic WAD, which may infer involvement of autonomic pathways in the pathophysiology of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam White
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ashley D Smith
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Scott F Farrell
- RECOVER Injury Research Centre, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence: Better Health Outcomes for Compensable Injury, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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21
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Galosi E, Truini A, Di Stefano G. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence of Small Fibre Impairment in Patients with Fibromyalgia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12051135. [PMID: 35626288 PMCID: PMC9139885 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12051135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Converging evidence shows that patients with fibromyalgia syndrome have signs of small fibre impairment, possibly leading to pain and autonomic symptoms, with a frequency that has not yet been systematically evaluated. To fill this gap, our review aims to define the frequency of somatic and autonomic small fibre damage in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome, as assessed by objective small fibre-related testing. We found 360 articles on somatic and autonomic small fibre assessment in patients with fibromyalgia. Out of the 88 articles assessed for eligibility, 20 were included in the meta-analysis, involving 903 patients with fibromyalgia. The estimated prevalence of somatic small fibre impairment, as assessed with skin biopsy, corneal confocal microscopy, and microneurography, was 49% (95% confidence interval (CI): 39–60%, I2 = 89%), whereas the estimated prevalence of autonomic small fibre impairment, as assessed with heart rate variability, sympathetic skin response, skin conductance, and tilt testing, was 45% (95% CI: 25–65%, I2 = 91%). Our study shows that a considerable proportion of patients with fibromyalgia have somatic and autonomic small fibre impairment, as assessed by extensive small fibre-related testing. Nevertheless, the heterogeneity and inconsistencies across studies challenge the exact role of small fibre impairment in fibromyalgia symptoms.
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22
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Zhu Y, Yan A, Shu B, Chen X, Chen Y, Duan G, Huang H. The Diurnal Profile of Human Basal Pain Sensitivity and Skin Sympathetic Nerve Activity: A Healthy Volunteer Study. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:810166. [PMID: 35368259 PMCID: PMC8966078 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.810166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The diurnal rhythm profile of human basal pain sensitivity and its association with sympathetic nerve activity are not fully understood. This study aimed to examine rhythmic changes in experimental pain sensitivity and skin sympathetic nerve activity in healthy volunteers. Methods Thirty healthy volunteers were included in the study. Experimental pain sensitivity, including pressure pain threshold and tolerance, cold pain threshold (CPT) and tolerance, skin sympathetic nerve activity, and cardiovascular parameters (including heart rate, cardiac output, and peripheral vascular resistance) at six time points throughout the day (08:00, 12:00, 16:00, 20:00, 00:00, and 04:00) were sequentially measured. Circadian rhythm analysis was performed on the mean values of the different measurements and individual subjects. Results Significant differences were found in experimental pain sensitivity, skin sympathetic nerve activity, and non-invasive cardiovascular parameters at different time points (P < 0.05). The minimum measured values of all four types of experimental pain sensitivity were consistently observed at 04:00. Rhythmical analysis showed that the mean values of pressure pain threshold (meta2d P = 0.016) and skin sympathetic nerve activity (meta2d P = 0.039) were significant. Significant diurnal rhythms in pain sensitivity and skin sympathetic nerve activity existed in some individuals but not in others. No significant correlation between experimental pain sensitivity and skin sympathetic nerve activity was found at any time point (P > 0.05). Conclusion Significant diurnal fluctuations were observed in different pain sensitivities and skin sympathetic nerve activity. No significant correlation between experimental pain sensitivity and sympathetic excitability at different times was found; the reasons for these phenomena remain to be further studied. Clinical Trial Registration [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [ChiCTR2000039709].
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23
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Contreras-Merino AM, Davydov DM, Galvez-Sánchez CM, Reyes del Paso GA. Blunted short-term autonomic cardiovascular reactivity to orthostatic and clinostatic challenges in fibromyalgia as an indicator of the severity of chronic pain. Int J Psychophysiol 2022; 175:61-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Angioletti L, Balconi M. Interoceptive attentiveness and autonomic reactivity in pain observation. Somatosens Mot Res 2021; 39:81-89. [PMID: 34847833 DOI: 10.1080/08990220.2021.2005016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Aim: This study explores interoceptive attentiveness (IA) influence on autonomic reactivity related to pain and self-regulation during situations evoking physiological mirroring for pain.Methods: 20 participants observed face/hand, painful/non-painful stimuli in an individual versus social condition while the autonomic response was measured [Electrodermal activity, Pulse Volume Amplitude (PVA), and Heart Rate (HR)] was measured. The sample was divided into experimental (EXP) subjects, required to focus on their interoceptive correlates while observing the stimuli, and the control (CNT) group. HR inter-beat interval (IBI), and HR Variability (HRV) were calculated.Results: Results showed high accuracy to painful and non-painful stimuli recognition. Regarding autonomic indices, higher PVA values were detected for hand painful versus non-painful stimuli, whereas for the EXP group a significant activation of IBI was found for face painful vs non-painful stimuli.Conclusion: In the context of observation of pain in others, PVA and IBI could be respectively markers of mirroring mechanisms and autonomic self-regulation mediated by IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Angioletti
- International Research Center for Cognitive Applied Neuroscience (IrcCAN), Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.,Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Balconi
- International Research Center for Cognitive Applied Neuroscience (IrcCAN), Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.,Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
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25
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Kauffman BY, Kroeger R, Rogers AH, Garey L, Ditre JW, Zvolensky MJ. Anxiety sensitivity and modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors: the role of pain intensity among individuals with chronic pain. J Behav Med 2021; 45:297-305. [PMID: 34739661 PMCID: PMC10062191 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-021-00262-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain is often comorbid with modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as obesity and tobacco use. Among individuals with chronic pain, psychological risk factors may increase pain which, in turn, may increase risk for modifiable cardiovascular disease correlates. Thus, the current study examined the explanatory role of pain intensity in the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and two well-documented modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors. Participants included 396 adults with chronic pain who completed an online survey from a larger study examining chronic pain-mental health relations. Results revealed that higher levels of anxiety sensitivity were related to higher levels of body mass index (BMI) through greater levels of pain intensity. Bi-directional relations were observed between anxiety sensitivity and pain intensity for tobacco risk. The current study highlights a potential transdiagnostic cognitive vulnerability factor, anxiety sensitivity, which may be an important treatment target to reduce modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors via reductions in pain intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Y Kauffman
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Blvd., Room 126, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Ryan Kroeger
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Blvd., Room 126, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Andrew H Rogers
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Blvd., Room 126, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Lorra Garey
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Blvd., Room 126, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Joseph W Ditre
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Michael J Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Blvd., Room 126, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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26
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Schamne JC, Ressetti JC, Lima-Silva AE, Okuno NM. Impaired Cardiac Autonomic Control in Women With Fibromyalgia Is Independent of Their Physical Fitness. J Clin Rheumatol 2021; 27:S278-S283. [PMID: 32826659 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000001518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Evidence has suggested abnormal cardiac autonomic responses to exercise in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). However, it is not clear whether the dysautonomia represents a reduced physical fitness rather directly related to FM pathogenesis. Thus, we aimed to verify the cardiac autonomic responses before, during, and after a maximal incremental exercise in women with FM and whether these hypothesized alterations would be dependent with their physical fitness. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with 23 FM women and 17 healthy women. The participants performed a maximal incremental cycling test to determine their maximal workload (Wmax) and were further matched by their Wmax (14 FM patients, Wmax: 128.6 ± 16.2 W; and 14 healthy women, Wmax: 131.9 ± 15.9 W). Beat-to-beat heart rate (HR) was continuously monitored to calculate HR variability indexes at rest, chronotropic reserve during exercise, and HR recovery. RESULTS Heart rate variability indexes related to vagal modulation were significantly lower in FM patients than in healthy women (p < 0.05). The chronotropic reserve and the HR recovery at 30, 120, 180, 300, and 600 seconds after exercise were all lower in FM patients compared with those of healthy women (p < 0.05). Similar findings were found when analysis was performed using the matched physical fitness subgroup. CONCLUSIONS The documented cardiac autonomic abnormalities at rest, during, and after exercise in FM patients persist even when physical fitness status is taken in account. Thus, strategies to attenuate the dysautonomia in FM patients must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Cezar Schamne
- From the Department of Physical Education, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa
| | | | | | - Nilo Massaru Okuno
- From the Department of Physical Education, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa
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27
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spontaneous or experimentally induced high blood pressure (BP) is associated with reduced pain perception, known as BP-related hypoalgesia. Despite its clinical implications, such as the interference with early detection of myocardial infarction in 'at risk' groups, the size of the association between high BP and pain has not yet been quantified. Moreover, the distinct association between high BP and physiological or psychological components of pain has not yet been considered so far. The aim of this study was to overcome this gap by performing separate meta-analyses on nociceptive response versus quantifiable perceptual measures of pain in relation to high BP. METHODS PubMed and Web of Knowledge databases were searched for English language studies conducted in humans. Fifty-nine studies were eligible for the analyses. Pooled effect sizes (Hedges' g) were compared. Random effect models were used. Results show that higher BP is significantly associated with lower nociceptive response (g = 0.38; k = 6) and reduced pain perception, assessed by quantifiable measures (g = 0.48; k = 59). RESULTS The association between BP and pain perception, derived from highly heterogeneous studies, was characterized by significant publication bias. BP assessment, pain assessment, site of pain stimulation, percentage of female participants in the sample, and control for potential confounders were significant moderators. CONCLUSION Current meta-analytic results confirm the presence of BP-related hypoalgesia and point towards the need for a better understanding of its underlying mechanisms.
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28
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Gibler RC, Jastrowski Mano KE. Systematic Review of Autonomic Nervous System Functioning in Pediatric Chronic Pain. Clin J Pain 2021; 37:281-294. [PMID: 33656000 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic pain is a common and debilitating health problem that impacts up to one third of children and adolescents. The pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic pain are complex, but considerable research links dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and chronic pain in adults. No review of ANS functioning has been conducted in pediatric chronic pain. We systematically reviewed studies examining ANS activity among youth with primary chronic pain conditions. METHODS A systematic search of PsycINFO, PubMed, and CINAHL was conducted using specific search terms. Articles were included if studies measured heart rate, blood pressure, heart rate variability, galvanic skin responses, or pupillometry among children or adolescents with a chronic pain condition. Studies examining these factors in the context of a specific disease-related pain condition were excluded. RESULTS Of the 1304 articles screened, 15 studies met the criteria for inclusion in this review. All included studies were cross-sectional and primarily included youth with abdominal pain. Results revealed preliminary evidence of reduced parasympathetic activity among youth with pain as measured by heart rate variability. However, results were mixed across ANS indices. Measurement and procedural differences, in addition to a lack of control groups in some studies, limit the interpretability of the reviewed findings. DISCUSSION Additional studies with larger and more diverse samples of youth with various chronic primary pain conditions are needed to delineate possible relationships among ANS functioning and the development and maintenance of chronic pain in children and adolescents. Clinical implications and avenues for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Gibler
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
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29
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Reyes Del Paso GA, Contreras-Merino AM, de la Coba P, Duschek S. The cardiac, vasomotor, and myocardial branches of the baroreflex in fibromyalgia: Associations with pain, affective impairments, sleep problems, and fatigue. Psychophysiology 2021; 58:e13800. [PMID: 33645659 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the cardiac, vasomotor, and myocardial branches of the baroreflex in fibromyalgia using the spontaneous sequence method. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), interbeat interval (IBI), stroke volume (SV), pre-ejection period (PEP), and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were continuously recorded in 40 fibromyalgia patients and 30 healthy individuals during a cold pressor test and a mental arithmetic task. Sequences of covariation between SBP and IBI (cardiac branch), SV and PEP (myocardial branch), and TPR (vasomotor branch) were identified. Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was represented by the slope of the regression line between values in the sequences; baroreflex effectiveness (BEI) was indexed by the proportion of progressive SBP changes that elicited reflex responses. Patients exhibited lower BRS in the three branches, lower BEI in the cardiac and vasomotor branches, and reduced reactivity in cardiac BRS and BEI, SBP, IBI, SV, and PEP. Moreover, BRS and BEI were inversely related to clinical pain, cold pressor pain, depression, trait anxiety, sleep problems, and fatigue. Reduced function of the three baroreflex branches implies diminished resources for autonomic inotropic, chronotropic, and vascular regulation in fibromyalgia. Blunted stress reactivity indicates a limited capacity for autonomic cardiovascular adjustment to situational requirements. The associations of BRS and BEI with pain perception may reflect the antinociceptive effects arising from baroreceptor afferents, where reduced baroreflex function may contribute to the hyperalgesia characterizing fibromyalgia. The associations with affective impairments, sleep problems, and fatigue suggest that baroreflex dysfunctions are also involved in the secondary symptoms of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stefan Duschek
- Institute of Psychology, UMIT - University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
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30
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Galvão-Moreira LV, de Castro LO, Moura ECR, de Oliveira CMB, Nogueira Neto J, Gomes LMRDS, Leal PDC. Pool-based exercise for amelioration of pain in adults with fibromyalgia syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mod Rheumatol 2021; 31:904-911. [PMID: 32990113 DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2020.1829339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of pool-based exercises on pain symptomatology among adults with fibromyalgia syndrome. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out using PRISMA guidelines. Database search was conducted by two independent reviewers. For meta-analysis, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score for pain was used as the primary outcome and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) score was utilized as the secondary outcome. RESULTS A total of 42 out of 292 potentially eligible studies were selected for being read in full by reviewers, 14 of which were included in meta-analysis, being 10 of them used in sensitivity analysis of either the primary or secondary outcome. Data pooled from 10 randomized controlled trials (n = 508) revealed that patients who underwent pool-based exercises exhibited a significantly lower mean in VAS score as compared to controls (SMD = -0.27, 95% CI: -0.45 to -0.09). Regarding FIQ scores, data from 10 randomized controlled trials were pooled (n = 578) and a lower mean score was also shown in the group that underwent a pool-based exercise program (SMD = -0.29, 95% CI: -0.49 to -0.09). Limitations of this study include the small sample size and moderate dropout rates in currently available clinical trials. CONCLUSION Pool-based exercise may provide some additional benefit for pain relief in adults with fibromyalgia as compared to either land-based or no physical exercise. IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGS Collectively, these findings suggest that pool-based exercise deserves further attention as a potential adjuvant therapeutic option for adults with fibromyalgia. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019136755.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - João Nogueira Neto
- Department of Medicine I, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
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31
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Suarez-Roca H, Mamoun N, Sigurdson MI, Maixner W. Baroreceptor Modulation of the Cardiovascular System, Pain, Consciousness, and Cognition. Compr Physiol 2021; 11:1373-1423. [PMID: 33577130 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c190038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Baroreceptors are mechanosensitive elements of the peripheral nervous system that maintain cardiovascular homeostasis by coordinating the responses to external and internal environmental stressors. While it is well known that carotid and cardiopulmonary baroreceptors modulate sympathetic vasomotor and parasympathetic cardiac neural autonomic drive, to avoid excessive fluctuations in vascular tone and maintain intravascular volume, there is increasing recognition that baroreceptors also modulate a wide range of non-cardiovascular physiological responses via projections from the nucleus of the solitary tract to regions of the central nervous system, including the spinal cord. These projections regulate pain perception, sleep, consciousness, and cognition. In this article, we summarize the physiology of baroreceptor pathways and responses to baroreceptor activation with an emphasis on the mechanisms influencing cardiovascular function, pain perception, consciousness, and cognition. Understanding baroreceptor-mediated effects on cardiac and extra-cardiac autonomic activities will further our understanding of the pathophysiology of multiple common clinical conditions, such as chronic pain, disorders of consciousness (e.g., abnormalities in sleep-wake), and cognitive impairment, which may result in the identification and implementation of novel treatment modalities. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1373-1423, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heberto Suarez-Roca
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Negmeldeen Mamoun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Martin I Sigurdson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Landspitali, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - William Maixner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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32
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Yeater TD, Clark DJ, Hoyos L, Valdes-Hernandez PA, Peraza JA, Allen KD, Cruz-Almeida Y. Chronic Pain is Associated With Reduced Sympathetic Nervous System Reactivity During Simple and Complex Walking Tasks: Potential Cerebral Mechanisms. CHRONIC STRESS (THOUSAND OAKS, CALIF.) 2021; 5:24705470211030273. [PMID: 34286166 PMCID: PMC8267022 DOI: 10.1177/24705470211030273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autonomic dysregulation may lead to blunted sympathetic reactivity in chronic pain states. Autonomic responses are controlled by the central autonomic network (CAN). Little research has examined sympathetic reactivity and associations with brain CAN structures in the presence of chronic pain; thus, the present study aims to investigate how chronic pain influences sympathetic reactivity and associations with CAN brain region volumes. METHODS Sympathetic reactivity was measured as change in skin conductance level (ΔSCL) between a resting reference period and walking periods for typical and complex walking tasks (obstacle and dual-task). Participants included 31 people with (n = 19) and without (n = 12) chronic musculoskeletal pain. Structural 3 T MRI was used to determine gray matter volume associations with ΔSCL in regions of the CAN (i.e., brainstem, amygdala, insula, and anterior cingulate cortex). RESULTS ΔSCL varied across walking tasks (main effect p = 0.036), with lower ΔSCL in chronic pain participants compared to controls across trials 2 and 3 under the obstacle walking condition. ΔSCL during typical walking was associated with multiple CAN gray matter volumes, including brainstem, bilateral insula, amygdala, and right caudal anterior cingulate cortex (p's < 0.05). The difference in ΔSCL from typical-to-obstacle walking were associated with volumes of the midbrain segment of the brainstem and anterior segment of the circular sulcus of the insula (p's < 0.05), with no other significant associations. The difference in ΔSCL from typical-to-dual task walking was associated with the bilateral caudal anterior cingulate cortex, and left rostral cingulate cortex (p's < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Sympathetic reactivity is blunted during typical and complex walking tasks in persons with chronic pain. Additionally, blunted sympathetic reactivity is associated with CAN brain structure, with direction of association dependent on brain region. These results support the idea that chronic pain may negatively impact typical autonomic responses needed for walking performance via its potential impact on the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor D. Yeater
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David J. Clark
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lorraine Hoyos
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Pedro A. Valdes-Hernandez
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Community Dentistry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Florida, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Julio A. Peraza
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kyle D. Allen
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Florida, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yenisel Cruz-Almeida
- Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Community Dentistry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Florida, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Reduced Heart Rate Variability in Patients With Medically Unexplained Physical Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis of HF-HRV and RMSSD. Psychosom Med 2021; 83:2-15. [PMID: 33065584 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) and related syndromes are common and place a substantial burden on both patients and society. Chronic psychological distress and dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system may be common factors associated with MUPS, although previous studies have reported mixed results. The aims of this meta-analysis are to provide an updated synthesis of studies investigating heart rate variability (HRV) indices associated with autonomic nervous system functioning in three common MUPS syndromes and to explain inconsistencies in previous study findings. METHODS Literature search yielded 58 studies comparing HRV indices of reduced parasympathetic activity of healthy individuals with those of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (npatients = 271), irritable bowel syndrome (npatients = 1005), and fibromyalgia (npatients = 534). Separate random-effects meta-analyses were conducted on studies measuring root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) and high-frequency HRV (HF-HRV). RESULTS Regardless of syndrome type, patients had significantly lower RMSSD (k = 22, Hedges g = -0.37 [-0.53 to -0.21], p < .001) and HF-HRV (k = 52, Hedges g = -0.69 [-1.03 to -0.36], p < .001) than did healthy individuals. Sample age and publication year explained a substantial variation in RMSSD, whereas controlling for confounders in statistical analyses explained variation in HF-HRV. CONCLUSIONS Lower RMSSD and HF-HRV in patients with MUPS versus healthy controls indicates that autonomic nervous system dysregulation, particularly lower parasympathetic activity, may play a role in patients with these conditions. This conclusion may have important implications for the underlying mechanisms and treatment of MUPS and related syndromes.
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de la Coba P, Bruehl S, Del Paso GAR. Addition of Slowly Repeated Evoked Pain Responses to Clinical Symptoms Enhances Fibromyalgia Diagnostic Accuracy. PAIN MEDICINE 2020; 21:3479-3487. [PMID: 32022855 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnz346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain syndrome characterized by central sensitization. A novel protocol based on slowly repeated evoked pain (SREP) appears to be a useful marker of pain sensitization in fibromyalgia patients. Whether SREP enhances diagnostic accuracy beyond key clinical symptoms that characterize fibromyalgia has not been examined. METHODS Fifty fibromyalgia patients, 30 rheumatoid arthritis patients, and 50 healthy individuals were evaluated to assess clinical pain, as well as fatigue, insomnia, pain catastrophizing, and negative mood. The SREP protocol consisted of a series of nine low-intensity painful pressure stimuli of five seconds' duration with 30-second interstimulus intervals. SREP sensitization was indexed by increases in pain intensity ratings across stimuli. RESULTS SREP sensitization was observed in fibromyalgia but not in rheumatoid arthritis or healthy individuals. As expected, fibromyalgia patients exhibited a more negative psychosocial profile than did rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy individuals. SREP was positively associated with clinical pain, fatigue, insomnia, and catastrophizing, but not with negative mood. SREP discriminated fibromyalgia cases from rheumatoid arthritis and healthy individuals even when current clinical pain was included in the analysis. Combining fatigue, insomnia, and SREP led to near perfect diagnostic accuracy (99%) in differentiating fibromyalgia from healthy individuals and 86.3% accuracy in discriminating fibromyalgia from rheumatoid arthritis. CONCLUSIONS These results provide further evidence of SREP as a marker of pain sensitization in fibromyalgia and suggest that it captures aspects of fibromyalgia not fully captured by clinical features. Combining SREP with assessment of clinical features could potentially improve fibromyalgia diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo de la Coba
- Department of Psychology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain; †Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Stephen Bruehl
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gustavo A Reyes Del Paso
- Department of Psychology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain; †Institute of Biomedical Research of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
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Kratz AL, Whibley D, Kim S, Sliwinski M, Clauw D, Williams DA. Fibrofog in Daily Life: An Examination of Ambulatory Subjective and Objective Cognitive Function in Fibromyalgia. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 72:1669-1677. [PMID: 31609548 PMCID: PMC7153985 DOI: 10.1002/acr.24089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perceived cognitive dysfunction in fibromyalgia (FM), "fibrofog," is common. Prior laboratory-based studies have limited our understanding of cognitive function in FM in daily life. The objective of this study was to explore levels of subjective and objective cognitive functioning and the association between subjective and objective aspects of cognition in people with and without FM in the lived environment. METHODS Participants (n = 50 adults with FM; n = 50 adults without FM, matched for age, sex, and education) completed baseline measures of subjective and objective cognitive functioning (NIH Toolbox). They also completed ecological momentary assessments of cognitive clarity and speed and tests of processing speed and working memory, via a smart phone app, 5×/day for 8 days. RESULTS On baseline objective measures, the FM group demonstrated poorer cognitive functioning across 3 NIH Toolbox tests. There were no strong correlations between subjective and objective cognitive functioning in both the FM and control groups. In the lived environment, the FM group demonstrated poorer subjective cognition and objective working memory; groups did not differ on processing speed. Momentary ratings of subjective cognitive dysfunction were significantly related to changes in objective processing speed but not working memory, with no group differences. CONCLUSION Findings indicate worse laboratory-based and ambulatory subjective and objective cognitive function for those individuals with FM compared to those without FM. Similar associations between measures of subjective and objective cognitive functioning for the groups suggest that people with FM are not overstating cognitive difficulties. Future research examining contributors to ambulatory fibrofog is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L. Kratz
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Daniel Whibley
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Epidemiology Group, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Samsuk Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI
| | - Martin Sliwinski
- Center for Healthy Aging, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Daniel Clauw
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - David A. Williams
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Reyes del Paso GA, de la Coba P. Reduced activity, reactivity and functionality of the sympathetic nervous system in fibromyalgia: An electrodermal study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241154. [PMID: 33119628 PMCID: PMC7595305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in autonomic activity are well established in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Previous studies found reduced parasympathetic activity and sympathetic reactivity to physical and stress manipulations. However, sympathetic activity at rest has not been well studied in FMS. Sweating is exclusively controlled by sympathetic mechanisms. In this study, skin conductance (SC), as an indirect measure of sweating, was analyzed in 45 women with FMS and 38 healthy women. Tonic SC levels were recorded during a 4-minute rest period, and a breathing maneuver consisting of deep breathing with posterior breath holding was used to evoke SC responses. Associations of tonic SC with state anxiety and body temperature, measured in the hand, were explored to determine sweat functionality. The results showed reduced tonic SC levels, with a less marked decrease in SC during the recording period, and blunted SC reactivity to the breathing manipulation in FMS patients relative to healthy participants. Positive associations of SC with state anxiety and body temperature were observed in healthy participants, but these associations were absent in FMS patients. These results indicate alterations of sweating in FMS, suggesting reduced tonic and reactivity sympathetic influences. Furthermore, the absence of associations between SC levels and state anxiety and body temperature in the patient sample suggested a loss of functionality of the autonomic nervous system in FMS. Diminished autonomic regulation in FMS would reduce the ability to cope with environmental demands, thus favoring increases in stress and pain levels. Finally, the observed reduction in sweating is in accordance with evidence of small nerve fiber neuropathy in FMS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo de la Coba
- Department of Psychology, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Galvez-Sánchez CM, de la Coba P, Duschek S, Reyes del Paso GA. Reliability, Factor Structure and Predictive Validity of the Widespread Pain Index and Symptom Severity Scales of the 2010 American College of Rheumatology Criteria of Fibromyalgia. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082460. [PMID: 32752048 PMCID: PMC7464133 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic condition of widespread pain. In 2010, the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) proposed new diagnostic criteria for FMS based on two scales: the Widespread Pain Index (WPI) and Symptoms Severity (SS) scale. This study evaluated the reliability, factor structure and predictive validity of WPI and SS. In total, 102 women with FMS and 68 women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) completed the WPI, SS, McGill Pain Questionnaire, Trait Anxiety Inventory, Fatigue Severity Scale, Oviedo Quality of Sleep Questionnaire, and Beck Depression Inventory. Pain threshold and tolerance and a measure of central sensitization to pain were obtained by pressure algometry. Values on WPI and SS showed negative-skewed frequency distributions in FMS patients, with most of the observations concentrated at the upper end of the scale. Factor analysis did not reveal single-factor models for either scale; instead, the WPI was composed of nine pain-localization factors and the SS of four factors. The Cronbach’s α (i.e., Internal consistency) was 0.34 for the WPI,0.83 for the SS and 0.82 for the combination of WPI and SS. Scores on both scales correlated positively with measures of clinical pain, fatigue, insomnia, depression, and anxiety but were unrelated to pain threshold and tolerance or central pain sensitization. The 2010 ACR criteria showed 100% sensitivity and 81% specificity in the discrimination between FMS and RA patients, where discrimination was better for WPI than SS. In conclusion, despite their limited reliability, both scales allow for highly accurate identification and differentiation of FMS patients. The inclusion of more painful areas in the WPI and of additional symptoms in the SS may reduce ceiling effects and improve the discrimination between patients differing in disease severity. In addition, the use of higher cut-off values on both scales may increase the diagnostic specificity in Spanish samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen M. Galvez-Sánchez
- Department of Psychology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (P.d.l.C.); (G.A.R.d.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Pablo de la Coba
- Department of Psychology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (P.d.l.C.); (G.A.R.d.P.)
| | - Stefan Duschek
- Institute of Psychology, UMIT—University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, 6060 Hall in Tirol, Austria;
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Davies AF, Hill P, Fay D, Dee A, Locher C. Body Reprogramming: Reframing the Fibromyalgia narrative and providing an integrative therapeutic model. Health Psychol Open 2020; 7:2055102920971494. [PMID: 35186312 PMCID: PMC8851147 DOI: 10.1177/2055102920971494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a theory known as the Hyland model to help conceptualise
Fibromyalgia within a complex adaptive control system. A fundamental
assumption is that symptom generating mechanisms are causally
connected, forming a network that has emergent properties. An illness
narrative has been developed which has a ‘goodness of fit’ with the
lived experience of those with Fibromyalgia. The theory guides
management within the clinical setting and incorporates current
evidence-based therapeutic strategies, within a multi-modal
intervention described as ‘Body Reprogramming’. This intervention
focuses on non-pharmacological and lifestyle-based considerations. The
theoretical framework also helps explain why modest therapeutic
effects are gained from current pharmacological options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Hill
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | | | - Annily Dee
- University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, UK
| | - Cosima Locher
- Harvard Medical School, USA.,University of Plymouth, UK.,University of Basel, Switzerland
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Galvez-Sánchez CM, Reyes del Paso GA. Diagnostic Criteria for Fibromyalgia: Critical Review and Future Perspectives. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E1219. [PMID: 32340369 PMCID: PMC7230253 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic illness characterized by widespread pain and other clinical and emotional symptoms. The lack of objective markers of the illness has been a persistent problem in FMS research, clinical management, and social recognition of the disease. A critical historical revision of diagnostic criteria for FMS, especially those formulated by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), was performed. This narrative review has been structured as follows: Introduction; historical background of FMS, including studies proposing and revising the diagnostic criteria; the process of development of the ACR FMS diagnostic criteria (1990 and 2010 versions); revisions of the 2010 ACR FMS diagnostic criteria; the development of scales based on the 2010 and 2011 criteria, which could help with diagnosis and evaluation of the clinical severity of the disease, such as the Polysymptomatic Distress Scale and the FMS Survey Questionnaire; relationships of prevalence and sex ratio with the different diagnostic criteria; validity and diagnostic accuracy of the ACR FMS criteria; the issues of differential diagnosis and comorbidity; the strength and main limitations of the ACR FMS criteria; new perspectives regarding FMS diagnosis; and the impact of the novel findings in the diagnosis of FMS. It is concluded that despite the official 2010 FMS diagnostic criteria and the diagnostic proposal of 2011 and 2016, complaints from health professionals and patients continue.
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Abstract
Baroreceptors are mechanosensitive elements of the peripheral nervous system that maintain homeostasis by coordinating physiologic responses to external and internal stimuli. While it is recognized that carotid and cardiopulmonary baroreceptor reflexes modulate autonomic output to mitigate excessive fluctuations in arterial blood pressure and to maintain intravascular volume, increasing evidence suggests that baroreflex pathways also project to key regions of the central nervous system that regulate somatosensory, somatomotor, and central nervous system arousal. In addition to maintaining autonomic homeostasis, baroreceptor activity modulates the perception of pain, as well as neuroimmune, neuroendocrine, and cognitive responses to physical and psychologic stressors. This review summarizes the role that baroreceptor pathways play in modulating acute and chronic pain perception. The contribution of baroreceptor function to postoperative outcomes is also presented. Finally, methods that enhance baroreceptor function, which hold promise in improving postoperative and pain management outcomes, are presented.
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Hohenschurz-Schmidt DJ, Calcagnini G, Dipasquale O, Jackson JB, Medina S, O'Daly O, O'Muircheartaigh J, de Lara Rubio A, Williams SCR, McMahon SB, Makovac E, Howard MA. Linking Pain Sensation to the Autonomic Nervous System: The Role of the Anterior Cingulate and Periaqueductal Gray Resting-State Networks. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:147. [PMID: 33041747 PMCID: PMC7527240 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There are bi-directional interactions between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and pain. This is likely underpinned by a substantial overlap between brain areas of the central autonomic network and areas involved in pain processing and modulation. To date, however, relatively little is known about the neuronal substrates of the ANS-pain association. Here, we acquired resting state fMRI scans in 21 healthy subjects at rest and during tonic noxious cold stimulation. As indicators of autonomic function, we examined how heart rate variability (HRV) frequency measures were influenced by tonic noxious stimulation and how these variables related to participants’ pain perception and to brain functional connectivity in regions known to play a role in both ANS regulation and pain perception, namely the right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and periaqueductal gray (PAG). Our findings support a role of the cardiac ANS in brain connectivity during pain, linking functional connections of the dACC and PAG with measurements of low frequency (LF)-HRV. In particular, we identified a three-way relationship between the ANS, cortical brain networks known to underpin pain processing, and participants’ subjectively reported pain experiences. LF-HRV both at rest and during pain correlated with functional connectivity between the seed regions and other cortical areas including the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), left anterior insula (AI), and the precuneus. Our findings link cardiovascular autonomic parameters to brain activity changes involved in the elaboration of nociceptive information, thus beginning to elucidate underlying brain mechanisms associated with the reciprocal relationship between autonomic and pain-related systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Johannes Hohenschurz-Schmidt
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni Calcagnini
- Department of Technology and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Ottavia Dipasquale
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jade B Jackson
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sonia Medina
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Owen O'Daly
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopment, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Stephen B McMahon
- Department of Technology and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Makovac
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Technology and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Matthew A Howard
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Thieme K, Meller T, Evermann U, Malinowski R, Mathys MG, Graceley RH, Maixner W, Turk DC. Efficacy of Systolic Extinction Training in Fibromyalgia Patients With Elevated Blood Pressure Response to Stress: A Tailored Randomized Controlled Trial. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 71:678-688. [PMID: 29882635 DOI: 10.1002/acr.23615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An intrinsic pain regulatory system is modulated by both cardiovascular dynamics that influence baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and is diminished in fibromyalgia (FM). Baroreceptors relay cardiovascular output to the dorsal medial nucleus tractus solitarius reflex arcs that regulate pain, sleep, anxiety, and blood pressure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of systolic extinction training (SET), which combines operant treatment (OT) with baroreflex training (BRT). BRT delivers peripheral electrical stimulation within a few milliseconds of the systolic or diastolic peak in the cardiac cycle. In addition, we compared SET to OT-transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS) independent of the cardiac cycle and aerobic exercise (AE)-BRT in FM patients with elevated blood pressure responses to stress. METHODS Sixty-two female patients with FM were randomized to receive either SET (n = 21), OT-TENS (n = 20), or AE-BRT (n = 21). Outcome assessments were performed before treatment (T1), after 5 weeks of treatment (T2), and after the 12-month follow-up (T3). RESULTS In contrast to patients receiving OT-TENS or AE-BRT, those receiving SET reported a significantly greater reduction in pain and pain interference (all P < 0.01) that was maintained at the 12-month follow-up. Clinically meaningful pain reduction at T3 was achieved in 82% of patients in the SET group, 39% of those in the OT-TENS group, and only 14% of those in the AE-BRT group. Patients in the SET group showed a significant increase (57%) in BRS following treatment, while neither the AE-BRT group or the OT-TENS group showed significant changes over time. CONCLUSION SET resulted in statistically significant, clinically meaningful, and long-lasting pain remission and interference compared to OT-TENS and AE-BRT. These results suggest that BRS modification is the primary mechanism of improvement. Replication of our results using larger samples and extension to other chronic pain conditions appear to be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kati Thieme
- Institute of Medical Psychology at Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tina Meller
- Institute of Medical Psychology at Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrika Evermann
- Institute of Medical Psychology at Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Robert Malinowski
- Institute of Medical Psychology at Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Marc G Mathys
- Institute of Medical Psychology at Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Richard H Graceley
- Center for Pain Research and Innovation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - William Maixner
- Center for Translational Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Dennis C Turk
- Center for Pain Research on Impact, Measurement, and Effectiveness, University of Washington, Seattle
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Lee IS, Necka EA, Atlas LY. Distinguishing pain from nociception, salience, and arousal: How autonomic nervous system activity can improve neuroimaging tests of specificity. Neuroimage 2020; 204:116254. [PMID: 31604122 PMCID: PMC6911655 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain is a subjective, multidimensional experience that is distinct from nociception. A large body of work has focused on whether pain processing is supported by specific, dedicated brain circuits. Despite advances in human neuroscience and neuroimaging analysis, dissociating acute pain from other sensations has been challenging since both pain and non-pain stimuli evoke salience and arousal responses throughout the body and in overlapping brain circuits. In this review, we discuss these challenges and propose that brain-body interactions in pain can be leveraged in order to improve tests for pain specificity. We review brain and bodily responses to pain and nociception and extant efforts toward identifying pain-specific brain networks. We propose that autonomic nervous system activity should be used as a surrogate measure of salience and arousal to improve these efforts and enable researchers to parse out pain-specific responses in the brain, and demonstrate the feasibility of this approach using example fMRI data from a thermal pain paradigm. This new approach will improve the accuracy and specificity of functional neuroimaging analyses and help to overcome current difficulties in assessing pain specific responses in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Seon Lee
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Necka
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lauren Y Atlas
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Yang YN, Tsai HL, Lin YC, Liu YP, Tung CS. Role of vasopressin V1 antagonist in the action of vasopressin on the cooling-evoked hemodynamic perturbations of rats. Neuropeptides 2019; 76:101939. [PMID: 31253439 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2019.101939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the role of arginine vasopressin (AVP) acting via the AVPV1 receptor in the autonomic cardiovascular responses to cold stress (CS). The study was conducted on adult male Sprague-Dawley rats with telemetry transmitters implanted to monitor heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) throughout the experiment course. Rats were divided into four groups and were given, respectively, saline (control group), AVPV1 antagonist (V1880) alone, and V1880 following the removal of sympathetic outflows using hexamethonium (HEX+V1880) or guanethidine (GUA + V1880). Rats were subjected to the CS stimuli (rapid immersion of the rat's limbs into 4 °C water). Hemodynamic responses were recorded at baseline (PreCS), during CS, and after CS. Data analysis was performed using descriptive methods and spectral and cross-spectral analysis of blood pressure variability (BPV) and heart rate variability (HRV). Key results showed that at PreCS, inhibition of AVPV1 increases SBP and HR as well as very-low-frequency BPV and low-frequency BPV, which is attenuated by hexamethonium (effect on SBP only) and guanethidine (effect on both SBP and HR). HEX+V1880 results in increased high-frequency BPV and attenuated very-low-frequency HRV, while GUA + V1880 results in increased high-frequency HRV and attenuated very-low-frequency HRV. During CS, we observed that SBP and HR, as well as very-low-frequency BPV and low-frequency BPV, were similar in the control group and the group with AVPV1 inhibition, while AVPV1 inhibition results in attenuated high-frequency BPV. Furthermore, we observed that changes produced by AVPV1 inhibition alone were affected differently by HEX+V1880 and GUA + V1880, particularly in low-frequency HRV and very-low-frequency HRV. The results support that AVPV1 mediates autonomic cardiovascular responses at both baseline and CS stimuli conditions are associated with central mechanism engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hsien-Lung Tsai
- Department of Emergency, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Chieh Lin
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yia-Ping Liu
- Department of Physiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Che-Se Tung
- Department of Medical Research & Education, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
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Zamunér AR, Andrade CP, Arca EA, Avila MA. Impact of water therapy on pain management in patients with fibromyalgia: current perspectives. J Pain Res 2019; 12:1971-2007. [PMID: 31308729 PMCID: PMC6613198 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s161494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise-related interventions have been recommended as one of the main components in the management of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Water therapy, which combines water's physical properties and exercise benefits, has proven effective in improving the clinical symptoms of FMS, especially pain, considered the hallmark of this syndrome. However, to our knowledge, the mechanisms underlying water therapy effects on pain are still scarcely explored in the literature. Therefore, this narrative review aimed to present the current perspectives on water therapy and the physiological basis for the mechanisms supporting its use for pain management in patients with FMS. Furthermore, the effects of water therapy on the musculoskeletal, neuromuscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, and neuroendocrine systems and inflammation are also addressed. Taking into account the aspects reviewed herein, water therapy is recommended as a nonpharmacologic therapeutic approach in the management of FMS patients, improving pain, fatigue, and quality of life. Future studies should focus on clarifying whether mechanisms and long-lasting effects are superior to other types of nonpharmacological interventions, as well as the economic and societal impacts that this intervention may present.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eduardo Aguilar Arca
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade do Sagrado Coração, Bauru, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Mariana Arias Avila
- Departamento de Fisioterapia e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brasil
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Slowly Repeated Evoked Pain as a Marker of Central Sensitization in Fibromyalgia: Diagnostic Accuracy and Reliability in Comparison With Temporal Summation of Pain. Psychosom Med 2019; 80:573-580. [PMID: 29742751 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the diagnostic accuracy and test-retest reliability of a novel dynamic evoked pain protocol (slowly repeated evoked pain [SREP]) compared with temporal summation of pain (TSP), a standard index of central sensitization. METHODS Thirty-five fibromyalgia (FM) patients and 30 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients completed, in pseudorandomized order, a standard mechanical TSP protocol (10 stimuli of 1-second duration at the thenar eminence using a 300-g monofilament with 1 second interstimulus interval) and the SREP protocol (9 suprathreshold pressure stimuli of 5-second duration applied to the fingernail with a 30-second interstimulus interval). To evaluate reliability for both protocols, they were repeated in a second session 4-7 days later. RESULTS Evidence for significant pain sensitization over trials (increasing pain intensity ratings) was observed for SREP in FM (p < .001) but not in RA (p = .35), whereas significant sensitization was observed in both diagnostic groups for the TSP protocol (p < .008). Compared with TSP, SREP demonstrated higher overall diagnostic accuracy (87.7% versus 64.6%), greater sensitivity (0.89 versus 0.57), and greater specificity (0.87 versus 0.73) in discriminating between FM and RA patients. Test-retest reliability of SREP sensitization was good in FM (intraclass correlations = 0.80), and moderate in RA (intraclass correlations = 0.68). CONCLUSIONS SREP seems to be a dynamic evoked pain index tapping into pain sensitization that allows for greater diagnostic accuracy in identifying FM patients compared with a standard TSP protocol. Further research is needed to study mechanisms underlying SREP and the potential utility of adding SREP to standard pain evaluation protocols.
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Kano M, Yoshizawa M, Kono K, Muratsubaki T, Morishita J, Van Oudenhove L, Yagihashi M, Mugikura S, Dupont P, Takase K, Kanazawa M, Fukudo S. Parasympathetic activity correlates with subjective and brain responses to rectal distension in healthy subjects but not in non-constipated patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7358. [PMID: 31089154 PMCID: PMC6517375 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43455-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The nociceptive and autonomic nervous systems (ANS) are significantly intertwined. Decoupling of these systems may occur in pathological pain conditions, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We investigated ANS activity and its association with visceral perception and brain activity during rectal distention in 27 patients with non-constipated IBS and 33 controls by assessing heart rate variability (HRV) using electrocardiography at rest, before, and during colorectal distention. Brain responses to colorectal distention were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging and correlated with individual ANS function parameters. The IBS group displayed blunted sympathovagal balance [low/high-frequency ratio (LF:HF) of HRV] in response to colorectal distention compared with controls (P = 0.003). In controls, basal parasympathetic tone (HF component of HRV) was significantly negatively correlated with toleration threshold to the rectal distention, but not in patients with IBS (group comparison P = 0.04). Further, a positive correlation between baseline HF values and neural responses to rectal distension was found in the right caudate, bilateral dorsolateral anterior cingulate cortex, and pregenual anterior cingulate cortex in the control group but not in the IBS group. The results indicate abnormal interactions between ANS activity and the brain mechanisms underlying visceral perception in patients with IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Kano
- Sukawa Clinic, Kirari Health Coop, Fukushima, Japan.
- Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Makoto Yoshizawa
- Research Division on Advanced Information Technology, Cyberscience Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiji Kono
- Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Muratsubaki
- Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Joe Morishita
- Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Lukas Van Oudenhove
- Laboratory for Brain-Gut Axis Studies (LaBGAS), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mao Yagihashi
- Dept. Biodesign, Clinical Research, Innovation and Education Center (CRIETO), Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shunji Mugikura
- Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Patrick Dupont
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kei Takase
- Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Motoyori Kanazawa
- Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shin Fukudo
- Behavioral Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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48
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Galvez-Sánchez CM, Duschek S, Reyes Del Paso GA. Psychological impact of fibromyalgia: current perspectives. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2019; 12:117-127. [PMID: 30858740 PMCID: PMC6386210 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s178240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic disorder characterized by widespread and persistent musculoskeletal pain and other frequent symptoms such as fatigue, insomnia, morning stiffness, cognitive impairment, depression, and anxiety. FMS is also accompanied by different comorbidities like irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrome. Although some factors like negative events, stressful environments, or physical/emotional traumas may act as predisposing conditions, the etiology of FMS remains unknown. There is evidence of a high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in FMS (especially depression, anxiety, borderline personality, obsessive-compulsive personality, and post-traumatic stress disorder), which are associated with a worse clinical profile. There is also evidence of high levels of negative affect, neuroticism, perfectionism, stress, anger, and alexithymia in FMS patients. High harm avoidance together with high self-transcendence, low cooperativeness, and low self-directedness have been reported as temperament and character features in FMS patients, respectively. Additionally, FMS patients tend to have a negative self-image and body image perception, as well as low self-esteem and perceived self-efficacy. FMS reduces functioning in physical, psychological, and social spheres, and also has a negative impact on cognitive performance, personal relationships (including sexuality and parenting), work, and activities of daily life. In some cases, FMS patients show suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and consummated suicide. FMS patients perceive the illness as a stigmatized and invisible disorder, and this negative perception hinders their ability to adapt to the disease. Psychological interventions may constitute a beneficial complement to pharmacological treatments in order to improve clinical symptoms and reduce the impact of FMS on health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Duschek
- Department of Psychology, University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
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LaRowe LR, Farris SG, Zvolensky MJ, Ditre JW. Associations Between Past-Month Pain and Distress Intolerance Among Daily Cigarette Smokers. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2018. [PMID: 30422792 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2018.79.781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A growing body of research indicates that pain is associated with the maintenance of tobacco smoking. Distress intolerance (DI) may play an important role in the link between pain and smoking. The goal of this study was to examine the association between past-month pain status and DI among a sample of daily cigarette smokers. It was hypothesized that smokers who reported past-month pain (vs. those reporting no past-month pain) would have higher perceived DI (i.e., lower scores on the Distress Tolerance Scale [DTS]) and higher physical DI (i.e., shorter persistence during the Breath-Holding Duration Task), and would report greater subjective distress and physical sensations during the breath-holding task. METHOD Participants (N = 126) were daily smokers (56.3% male) who attended a baseline session for a larger experimental study on smoking behavior. Participants self-reported the presence and severity of past-month pain and completed two breath-holding duration trials approximately 15 minutes after smoking. Data were cross-sectional in nature. RESULTS Smokers with past-month pain had lower scores on the DTS relative to smokers without pain. No differences in breath-holding duration were observed. In addition, smokers with past-month pain, relative to those without, reported greater subjective distress and physical sensations during the initial, but not second, breath-holding trial. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to show that smokers with co-occurring pain may harbor beliefs about their inability to tolerate aversive psychological states, and are more emotionally reactive to physiological provocation (breath-holding task), than smokers without co-occurring pain. DI among smokers with pain may represent one mechanism by which pain contributes to the maintenance of smoking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa R LaRowe
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Samantha G Farris
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.,The Miriam Hospital, Centers for Behavioral and Preventative Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island.,Department of Psychology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Michael J Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas.,Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joseph W Ditre
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York
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Azuma K, Ohyama M, Azuma E, Nakajima T. Background factors of chemical intolerance and parent-child relationships. Environ Health Prev Med 2018; 23:52. [PMID: 30355299 PMCID: PMC6201541 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-018-0743-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemical intolerance is a widespread public health problem characterized by symptoms that reportedly result from low-level exposure to chemicals. Although several studies have reported factors related to chemical intolerance in adults, the impact of family members has not been reported. In the present study, we investigated the background factors related to chemical intolerance in family members and parent–child relationships. Methods We distributed a self-reported questionnaire to 4325 mothers who were invited to visit the Kishiwada Health Center in Kishiwada City, Osaka, between January 2006 and December 2007 for the regular health checkup of their three-and-a-half-year-old children. Results The prevalence of chemical intolerance in the 3-year-old children was almost one eighteenth of that reported by their mothers. Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that cold sensitivity [odds ratio (OR), 1.89; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04–3.44], past bronchial asthma (OR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.46–5.53), and any past allergies (OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.36–3.60) were significantly associated with chemical intolerance in the mother. The presence of indoor cat during childhood (OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.08–3.69) was significantly associated with chemical intolerance in the mother; however, the association was weak compared with cold sensitivity and past asthma and allergies. The current chemical intolerance of the mother was significantly associated with allergic rhinitis (OR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.19–4.53), bronchial asthma (OR, 3.66; 95% CI, 2.00–6.69), and chronic bronchitis (OR, 3.69; 95% CI, 1.04–13.03) in her 3-year-old child. Conclusions The results suggest that inherent physical constitution and childhood housing environment are associated with a risk of acquiring chemical intolerance. Children of mothers with chemical intolerance have a possible risk of respiratory hypersensitivity or inflammation. Further investigation is recommended to determine the inherent physical constitution and background environmental factors associated with the risk of acquiring chemical intolerance. The impact of having mothers with chemical intolerance on the health of children also requires further study. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12199-018-0743-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Azuma
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Behavioral Science, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, 589-8511, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Ohyama
- Department of Environmental Health, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, 537-0025, Japan
| | - Emiko Azuma
- Department of Food Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, 537-0025, Japan
| | - Takae Nakajima
- Department of Environmental Health, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, 537-0025, Japan
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