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Patra S, Ghosal S, Shand H, Mondal R, Rath A, Kumar Jana S, Ghorai S. Function of gamma delta (γδ) T cell in cancer with special emphasis on cervical cancer. Hum Immunol 2023; 84:110724. [PMID: 37932183 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2023.110724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second-most prevalent gynecologic cancer in India. It is typically detected in women between the ages of 35 and 44. Cervical cancer is mainly associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV). The report shows that 70 % of cervical cancer is caused by HPV 16 and 18. There are few therapeutic options and vaccines available for cervical cancer treatment and γδ T cell therapy is one of them. This therapy can kill various types of cancers, including cervical cancer. The major γδ T cell subset is the Vγ9Vδ2 T cell, mainly distributed in peripheral blood which recognize non-MHC peptide antigens and can eliminate MHC-downregulated cancer. Moreover, γδ T cells can express different types of receptors that bind to the molecules of stressed cells, often produced on cancerous cells but absent from healthy tissue. γδ T cells possess both direct and indirect cytotoxic capabilities against malignancies and show potential antitumoral responses. However, γδ T cells also encourage the progression of cancer. Cancer immunotherapy using γδ T cells will be a potential cancer treatment, as well as cervical cancer. This review focused on the γδ T cell and its function in cancer, with special emphasis on cervical cancer. It also focused on the ligand recognition site of γδ T cells, galectin-mediated therapy and pamidronate-treated therapy for cervical cancer. Instead of the great potential of γδ T cell for the eradication of cervical cancer, no comprehensive in-depth review is available to date, so there is a need to jot down the various roles and modes of action and different applications of γδ T cells for cancer research, which we believe will be a handy tool for the researchers and the readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumendu Patra
- Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal 733134, India
| | - Sayan Ghosal
- Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal 733134, India
| | - Harshita Shand
- Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal 733134, India
| | - Rittick Mondal
- Department of Sericulture, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal 733134, India
| | - Ankita Rath
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Saikat Kumar Jana
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Yupia, Arunachal Pradesh 791112, India
| | - Suvankar Ghorai
- Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, North Dinajpur, West Bengal 733134, India.
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Dong J, Holthaus D, Peters C, Koster S, Ehsani M, Quevedo-Olmos A, Berger H, Zarobkiewicz M, Mangler M, Gurumurthy RK, Hedemann N, Chumduri C, Kabelitz D, Meyer TF. γδ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity against patient-derived healthy and cancer cervical organoids. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1281646. [PMID: 38090581 PMCID: PMC10711208 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1281646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a leading cause of death among women globally, primarily driven by high-risk papillomaviruses. However, the effectiveness of chemotherapy is limited, underscoring the potential of personalized immunotherapies. Patient-derived organoids, which possess cellular heterogeneity, proper epithelial architecture and functionality, and long-term propagation capabilities offer a promising platform for developing viable strategies. In addition to αβ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, γδ T cells represent an immune cell population with significant therapeutic potential against both hematologic and solid tumours. To evaluate the efficacy of γδ T cells in cervical cancer treatment, we generated patient-derived healthy and cancer ectocervical organoids. Furthermore, we examined transformed healthy organoids, expressing HPV16 oncogenes E6 and E7. We analysed the effector function of in vitro expanded γδ T cells upon co-culture with organoids. Our findings demonstrated that healthy cervical organoids were less susceptible to γδ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity compared to HPV-transformed organoids and cancerous organoids. To identify the underlying pathways involved in this observed cytotoxicity, we performed bulk-RNA sequencing on the organoid lines, revealing differences in DNA-damage and cell cycle checkpoint pathways, as well as transcription of potential γδ T cell ligands. We validated these results using immunoblotting and flow cytometry. We also demonstrated the involvement of BTN3A1 and BTN2A1, crucial molecules for γδ T cell activation, as well as differential expression of PDL1/CD274 in cancer, E6/E7+ and healthy organoids. Interestingly, we observed a significant reduction in cytotoxicity upon blocking MSH2, a protein involved in DNA mismatch-repair. In summary, we established a co-culture system of γδ T cells with cervical cancer organoids, providing a novel in vitro model to optimize innovative patient-specific immunotherapies for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxue Dong
- Laboratory of Infection Oncology, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Holthaus
- Laboratory of Infection Oncology, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christian Peters
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefanie Koster
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marzieh Ehsani
- Laboratory of Infection Oncology, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alvaro Quevedo-Olmos
- Laboratory of Infection Oncology, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hilmar Berger
- Laboratory of Infection Oncology, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michal Zarobkiewicz
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mandy Mangler
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Vivantes Auguste Viktoria-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Gynaecology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Nina Hedemann
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Cindrilla Chumduri
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
- Laboratory of Infections, Carcinogenesis and Regeneration, Medical Biotechnology Section, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Chair of Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Kabelitz
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Meyer
- Laboratory of Infection Oncology, Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
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Caspe SG, Ewing DA, Livingstone M, Underwood C, Milne E, Sargison ND, Wattegedera SR, Longbottom D. The Immune Response in the Uteri and Placentae of Chlamydia abortus-Infected Ewes and Its Association with Pregnancy Outcomes. Pathogens 2023; 12:846. [PMID: 37375536 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12060846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzootic abortion of ewes, caused by the bacterium Chlamydia abortus (C. abortus), is one of the main causes of abortion in sheep. There are multiple contributory factors, including chlamydial growth, host immune response, and hormonal balance, that result in different pregnancy outcomes, such as abortion, the birth of weak lambs that may die, or healthy lambs. This study aimed to determine the relationship between phenotypical patterns of immune cell infiltration and different pregnancy outcomes in twin-bearing sheep (both lambs born dead; one alive and one dead; both alive) when experimentally infected with C. abortus. Both the sheep uteri and placentae were collected after parturition. All samples were analysed for specific immune cell features, including cell surface antigens and the T-regulatory (Treg) cell-associated transcription factor and cytokines, by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridisation. Some of these immunological antigens were evaluated in ovine reproductive tissues for the first time. Differential patterns of T helper/Treg cells revealed significant group effects in the placentae. It suggests the potential role that the balance of lymphocyte subsets may play in affecting different pregnancy outcomes in C. abortus-infected sheep. The present study provides novel detailed information about the immune responses observed at the maternofoetal interface in sheep at the time of pre-term abortion or lambing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Gaston Caspe
- Moredun Research Institute, Penicuik EH26 0PZ, UK
- Estación Experimental Mercedes, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Corrientes W3400, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Elspeth Milne
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
| | - Neil Donald Sargison
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK
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Jiang S, Cui Z, Zheng J, Wu Q, Yu H, You Y, Zheng C, Sun Y. Significance of Immunogenic Cell Death-Related Prognostic Gene Signature in Cervical Cancer Prognosis and Anti-Tumor Immunity. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:2189-2207. [PMID: 37250106 PMCID: PMC10218566 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s410140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Immunogenic cell death (ICD) can reshape the immune microenvironment of tumors. Driven by stressful pressure, by directly destroying tumor cells and activating the body's adaptive immunity, ICD acts as a modulator of cell death, enabling the body to generate an anti-tumor immune response that produces a more effective therapeutic effect, while tumor cells are driven to kill. Hence, this research aimed to find and evaluate ICD-related genetic signatures as cervical cancer (CC) prognostic factors. Methods Data of CC patients from the Tumor Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used as the basis to obtain immunogenic cell-death-related prognostic genes (IPGs) in patients with CC, using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and Cox regression screening, and the IPGs scoring system was constructed to classify patients into high- and low-risk groups, with the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset as the validation group. Finally, the difference analysis of single-sample gene set enrichment analysis, tumor microenvironment (TME), immune cells, tumor mutational burden, and chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity between the high-risk and low-risk groups was investigated. Results A prognostic model with four IPGs (PDIA3, CASP8, IL1, and LY96) was developed, and it was found that the group of CC patients with a higher risk score of IPGs expression had a lower survival rate. Single and multifactor Cox regression analysis also showed that this risk score was a reliable predictor of overall survival. In comparison to the low-risk group, the high-risk group had lower TME scores and immune cell infiltration, and gene set variation analysis showed that immune-related pathways were more enriched in the high-risk group. Conclusion A risk model constructed from four IPGs can independently predict the prognosis of CC patients and recommend more appropriate immunotherapy strategies for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, People’s Republic of China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaolei Cui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiaoling Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haijuan Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiqing You
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaoqiang Zheng
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, People’s Republic of China
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Liu X, Ni G, Zhang P, Li H, Li J, Cavallazzi Sebold B, Wu X, Chen G, Yuan S, Wang T. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing and deep tissue proteomics reveal distinct tumour microenvironment in stage-I and II cervical cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:28. [PMID: 36683048 PMCID: PMC9869594 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02598-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer (CC) is the 3rd most common cancer in women and the 4th leading cause of deaths in gynaecological malignancies, yet the exact progression of CC is inconclusive, mainly due to the high complexity of the changing tumour microenvironment (TME) at different stages of tumorigenesis. Importantly, a detailed comparative single-nucleus transcriptomic analysis of tumour microenvironment (TME) of CC patients at different stages is lacking. METHODS In this study, a total of 42,928 and 29,200 nuclei isolated from the tumour tissues of stage-I and II CC patients and subjected to single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) analysis. The cell heterogeneity and functions were comparatively investigated using bioinformatic tools. In addition, label-free quantitative mass spectrometry based proteomic analysis was carried out. The proteome profiles of stage-I and II CC patients were compared, and an integrative analysis with the snRNA-seq was performed. RESULTS Compared with the stage-I CC (CCI) patients, the immune response relevant signalling pathways were largely suppressed in various immune cells of the stage-II CC (CCII) patients, yet the signalling associated with cell and tissue development was enriched, as well as metabolism for energy production suggested by the upregulation of genes associated with mitochondria. This was consistent with the quantitative proteomic analysis that showed the dominance of proteins promoting cell growth and intercellular matrix development in the TME of CCII group. The interferon-α and γ responses appeared the most activated pathways in many cell populations of the CCI patients. Several collagens, such as COL12A1, COL5A1, COL4A1 and COL4A2, were found significantly upregulated in the CCII group, suggesting their roles in diagnosing CC progression. A novel transcript AC244205.1 was detected as the most upregulated gene in CCII patients, and its possible mechanistic role in CC may be investigated further. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides important resources for decoding the progression of CC and set the foundation for developing novel approaches for diagnosing CC and tackling the immunosuppressive TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicineof, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoying Ni
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicineof, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Hejie Li
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Junjie Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital/School of Clinical Medicineof, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Xiaolian Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Songhua Yuan
- Department of Gynaecology, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia.
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Zhang LL, Lin S, Zhang Y, Yao DM, Du X. Serum Spondin-2 expression, tumor invasion, and antitumor immune response in patients with cervical cancer. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:13304-13312. [PMID: 36683629 PMCID: PMC9851009 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i36.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is a gynecological malignancy common in middle-aged and older patients, with a high mortality rate. Spondin-2 is an extracellular matrix protein that involved in innate and acquired immune responses. Herein, we investigated the relationship between serum Spondin-2 expression, tumor invasion and infiltration, and immune response in patients with cervical cancer and provided a theoretical basis for clinical practice.
AIM To investigate the relationship between serum Spondin-2 expression and cervical cancer-related indicators.
METHODS Overall, 147 patients with cervical cancer who were admitted to our institution between January 2019 and August 2019 were assigned to the cervical cancer group, and 92 patients with benign uterine lesions and 86 healthy individuals were assigned to the benign and control groups, respectively. In each group, serum Spondin-2 expression was measured, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was determined. Patients with cervical cancer were classified into high or low Spondin-2 groups depending on the Spondin-2 threshold value used for diagnosing cervical cancer. Patient’s clinical data were collected to compare the clinicopathologic characteristics, immune cytokine levels, and prognosis of patients with varying Spondin-2 expression levels.
RESULTS The expression level of serum Spondin-2 was significantly higher in the cervical cancer group than in the benign and control groups (P < 0.05). According to the ROC curve, the cutoff value of Spondin-2 used in the diagnosis of cervical carcinoma was 25.68 ± 7.11 μg/L. The proportion of patients with Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III, nerve invasion, vascular invasion, and lymph node metastasis was higher in the high Spondin-2 group than in the low Spondin-2 group (P < 0.05). Interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IL-4 Levels were higher in the high Spondin-2 group than in the low Spondin-2 group. In contrast, IL-2 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were lower in the high Spondin-2 group than in the low Spondin-2 group (P < 0.05). After 3 years of follow-up, progression-free survival and overall survival were significantly shorter in the high Spondin-2 group than in the low Spondin-2 group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION The expression of serum Spondin-2 is upregulated in patients with cervical carcinoma and is related to tumor invasion and infiltration, antitumor immune response, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Li Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Surgery, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Women’s Health, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dong-Mei Yao
- Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
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Douzandeh-Mobarrez B, Kariminik A, Kazemi Arababadi M, Kheirkhah B. TLR9 in the Human Papilloma Virus Infections: Friend or Foe? Viral Immunol 2022; 35:457-464. [PMID: 35588473 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2021.0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune system plays dual roles during human papilloma virus (HPV) infections, from defense against the virus to induction or stimulation of the HPV-related cancers. It appears that various differences within the immune-related genes and the functions of the immunological parameters of the patients are the main factors responsible for the roles played by immune system during HPV infections. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play key roles in the recognition of viruses and activation of immune responses. The molecules also can alter the target cell intracellular signaling and may participate in the transformation of the infected cells. TLR9 is the unique intracellular member of TLRs that recognize foreign DNA, including viral DNA. Thus, TLR9 may play significant roles in the defense against HPV and its related cancers. This review article discusses TLR9 antiviral and pathological roles during HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashraf Kariminik
- Department of Microbiology, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Babak Kheirkhah
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Baft Branch, Islamic Azad University, Baft, Iran
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