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Johnston T, Seinfeld S, Gonzalez-Liencres C, Barnes N, Slater M, Sanchez-Vives MV. Virtual reality for the rehabilitation and prevention of intimate partner violence - From brain to behavior: A narrative review. Front Psychol 2023; 13:788608. [PMID: 37342425 PMCID: PMC10278571 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.788608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Rehabilitation and prevention strategies to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV) have limited effectiveness in terms of improving key risk factors and reducing occurrence. Accumulated experimental evidence demonstrates that virtual embodiment, which results in the illusion of owning a virtual body, has a large impact on people's emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses. This narrative review discusses work that has investigated how embodied perspective - taking in virtual reality has been used as a tool to reduce bias, to enhance recognition of the emotional state of another, and to reduce violent behaviors, in particular in the realm of IPV. Some of the potential neurological mechanisms behind these affective and behavioral changes are also discussed. The process of rehabilitation and prevention is complex and not always effective, but the integration of neuroscience-inspired and validated state-of-the-art technology into the rehabilitation process can make a positive contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Johnston
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Event Lab, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sofia Seinfeld
- Image Processing and Multimedia Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-Barcelona Tech, Terrassa, Spain
| | | | - Nicolas Barnes
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Justícia, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mel Slater
- Event Lab, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria V. Sanchez-Vives
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Event Lab, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
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Folwarczny M, Otterbring T, Ares G. Sustainable food choices as an impression management strategy. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Cui T, Kam CCS, Cheng EH, Ho MY. Distinguishing between trait desirability and item desirability in predicting item scores: Is informant evaluation of personality free from social desirability? PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Reich CM, Pegel GA, Johnson AB. Are Survivors of Sexual Assault Blamed More Than Victims of Other Crimes? JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP18394-NP18416. [PMID: 34376082 DOI: 10.1177/08862605211037423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although victim blaming in the context of sexual assault is often emphasized, little research has compared rates of victim blaming following sexual assault relative to other forms of victimization. This research investigated whether there is a crime-specific bias toward blaming victims of sexual assault. Victim blaming was assessed via different methods from the observer perspective in vignette-based studies, as well as survivors' accounts of social reactions they received. In Study 1, participants were asked to rate how much the survivor was to blame in three vignettes, each with a different randomized crime outcome: rape, physical assault, or theft. Study 2 assessed blame for a vignette that either ended in rape or theft, via a causal attribution statement. Study 3 asked interpersonal trauma survivors who had experienced at least two forms of victimization (i.e., sexual assault, physical assault, or theft) to report the social reactions they received following disclosure of each of these crimes. Across all three studies, victim blaming occurred following multiple forms of victimization and there was no evidence of a particular bias toward blaming survivors of sexual assault more so than other crimes. However, results of Study 3 highlight that, following sexual assault, survivors receive more silencing and stigmatizing reactions than they experienced after other crimes. Interpersonal traumas (i.e., sexual or physical assault) also resulted in more egocentric responses compared to theft. Altogether, there does not appear to be a crime-specific bias for victim blaming; however, crime-specific bias is apparent for some other, potentially understudied, social reactions. Implications of these findings highlight the value of victim blaming education and prevention efforts through trauma-informed services and outreach following victimization. Furthermore, service providers and advocates might especially seek to recognize and prevent silencing and stigmatizing reactions following sexual assault disclosures.
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Guenole N, Brown A, Lim V. Can Faking Be Measured With Dedicated Validity Scales? Within-Subject Trifactor Mixture Modeling Applied to BIDR Responses. Assessment 2022:10731911221098434. [PMID: 35786013 DOI: 10.1177/10731911221098434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A sample of 516 participants responded to the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR) under answer honest and instructed faking conditions in a within-subjects design. We analyze these data with a novel application of trifactor modeling that models the two substantive factors measured by the BIDR-self-deceptive enhancement (SDE) and impression management (IM), condition-related common factors, and item-specific factors. The model permits examination of invariance and change within subjects across conditions. Participants were able to significantly increase their SDE and IM in the instructed faking condition relative to the honest response condition. Mixture modeling confirmed the existence of a theoretical two-class solution comprised of approximately two thirds of "compliers" and one third of "noncompliers." Factor scores had good determinacy and correlations with observed scores were near unity for continuous scoring, supporting observed score interpretations of BIDR scales in high-stakes settings. Correlations were somewhat lower for the dichotomous scoring protocol. Overall, results show that the BIDR scales function similarly as measures of socially desirable functioning in low- and high-stakes conditions. We discuss conditions under which we expect these results will and will not generalize to other validity scales.
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Sawhney G, Britt TW, Black KJ, Wilson C. Development of a Three-Dimensional Measure of the Calling Work Orientation: Assessing Craftsmanship, Kinship, and Serving. JOURNAL OF CAREER ASSESSMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/10690727221106150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Although conceptualized as a multidimensional construct, the majority of measures of calling are unidimensional. In order to further expand the operationalization of calling, this study developed and validated a measure of the three dimensions of calling, namely, craftsmanship, kinship, and serving using three separate samples. Using a sample of 85 undergraduate students, the pilot study established content validity for the three dimensions of calling. Study 1 aimed to refine the developed measure while assessing its dimensionality across 379 participants from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Furthermore, Study 2 provided evidence of construct and criterion-related validity, as well as test-retest reliability over a period of 3 months across 301 MTurk participants. Recommendations for future research utilizing the more focused dimensions of calling are discussed.
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Kam CCS, Sun S. Method factor due to the use of reverse-keyed items: Is it simply a response style artifact? CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-00645-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Himmelberger ZM, Faught GG, Tungate AS, Conners FA, Merrill EC. Personality traits predict attitudes toward individuals with intellectual disability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022; 69:906-914. [PMID: 37885845 PMCID: PMC10599174 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2022.2044594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: Explaining individual differences in people's attitudes toward individuals with intellectual disability (ID) is important for increasing social inclusion of people with ID. The aim of the current study was to replicate and extend past research by formulating a single model of attitudes toward individuals with ID with several predictors: personality traits, quality and quantity of contact, perceived knowledge of ID, social desirability, and demographics. Methods: A sample of 221 undergraduate students in the United States completed several surveys in a lab setting: the Mental Retardation Attitude Inventory-Revised, the Big Five Inventory, McManus et al.'s measures of contact with and perceived knowledge of ID, and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale. Results: Results replicated previous findings by showing quality of contact was the strongest predictor of attitudes. Additionally, we found openness to experience and agreeableness remained significant predictors after holding all other variables constant. A follow-up mediation analysis demonstrated that quality of contact mediated the relations from openness and agreeableness to attitudes. Conclusions: Findings suggest personality factors can influence attitudes toward individuals with ID, and further emphasize the importance of quality of contact. Implications for the social inclusion of individuals with ID are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M. Himmelberger
- Behavioral Sciences Division, Maryville College, Maryville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Gayle G. Faught
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Andrew S. Tungate
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Frances A. Conners
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Edward C. Merrill
- Department of Psychology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
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When does social desirability become a problem? Detection and reduction of social desirability bias in information systems research. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.im.2021.103500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Tan HC, Ho JA, Kumarusamy R, Sambasivan M. Measuring social desirability bias: Do the full and short versions of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability scale matter? J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics 2021; 17:382-400. [PMID: 34612754 DOI: 10.1177/15562646211046091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Given the sensitive nature of ethics research, the presence of social desirability bias (SDB) threatens the validity of research findings. As ethics studies often overlook this bias, we aimed to provide evidence that SDB varies across individual and situational factors. We thus investigated the influence of socio-demographic factors and survey modes on SDB. A total of 348 working adults were randomly chosen to participate in either an on-line or off-line survey containing eight versions of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability (MCSD) scale. The reliabilities for the eight versions ranged from 0.35 to 0.81. Statistical tests revealed that different socio-demographic factors influence different versions of the MCSD scale. The results also showed that using on-line surveys minimizes SDB. This study provides practical implications and suggestions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houng Chien Tan
- Faculty of Accountancy, Finance and Business, 61777Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jo Ann Ho
- School of Business and Economics, 37449Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Lanz L, Thielmann I, Gerpott FH. Are social desirability scales desirable? A meta-analytic test of the validity of social desirability scales in the context of prosocial behavior. J Pers 2021; 90:203-221. [PMID: 34265863 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Social desirability (SD) scales have been used for decades in psychology and beyond. These scales are sought to measure individuals' tendencies to present themselves overly positive in self-reports, thus allowing to control for SD biases. However, research increasingly questions the validity of SD scales, proposing that SD scales measure substantive trait characteristics rather than response bias. To provide a large-scale empirical test of the validity of SD scales, we conducted a meta-analysis (k = 41; N = 8980) on the relation between SD scale scores and prosocial behavior in economic games (where acting in a prosocial manner is highly socially desirable). If SD scales measure what they are supposed to (namely, SD bias), they should be negatively linked to prosocial behavior; if SD scales measure socially desirable traits, they should be positively linked to prosocial behavior. Unlike both possibilities, the meta-analytic correlation between SD scores and prosocial behavior was close to zero, suggesting that SD scales neither clearly measure bias nor substantive traits. This conclusion was also supported by moderation analyses considering differences in the implementation of games and the SD scales used. The results further question the validity of SD scales with the implication that scholars and practitioners should refrain from using them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Lanz
- WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Fabiola H Gerpott
- WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Is social desirability bias important for effective ethics research? A review of literature. ASIAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ETHICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13520-021-00128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Holtrop D, Hughes AW, Dunlop PD, Chan J, Steedman G. Do Social Desirability Scales Measure Dishonesty? EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Social Desirability (SD) scales are sometimes treated, by researchers, as measures of dishonesty and, by practitioners, as indicators of faking on self-report assessments in high-stakes settings, such as personnel selection. Applying SD scales to measure dishonesty or faking, however, remains a point of contention among the scientific community. This two-part study investigated if SD scales, with a True/ False response format, are valid for these purposes. Initially, 46 participants completed an SD scale and 12 personality items while under instruction to “think aloud”, that is, to verbalize all the thoughts they had. These spoken thoughts were recorded and transcribed. Next, 175 judges rated the participants’ honesty in relation to each SD item, based on the participants’ transcribed spoken thoughts and their selected response to the item. The results showed that responses keyed as “socially desirable responding” were judged as significantly less honest than those not keyed as such. However, the effect size was very small, and the socially desirable responses were still being judged as somewhat honest overall. Further, participants’ SD scale sum scores were not related to the judges’ ratings of participant honesty on the personality items. Thus, overall, SD scales appear to be a poor measure of dishonesty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djurre Holtrop
- The Future of Work Institute, Faculty of Business and Law, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Angus W. Hughes
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Patrick D. Dunlop
- The Future of Work Institute, Faculty of Business and Law, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Joan Chan
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Grace Steedman
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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Sriken J, Johnsen ST, Smith H, Sherman MF, Erford BT. Testing the Factorial Validity and Measurement Invariance of College Student Scores on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) Scale Across Gender and Race. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/07481756.2021.1902239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Associations of Social Desirability on Psychological Assessment Outcomes for Surgical Weight Loss Patients. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2020; 28:384-393. [DOI: 10.1007/s10880-020-09725-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Cole DM, Rung JM, Madden GJ. Assessing susceptibility of a temporal discounting task to faking. J Clin Psychol 2019; 75:1959-1974. [DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David M. Cole
- Department of PsychologyUtah State University Logan Utah
- Interdisciplinary Program in NeuroscienceUtah State University Logan Utah
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Te M, Blackstock F, Fryer C, Gardner P, Geary L, Kuys S, McPherson K, Nahon I, Tang C, Taylor L, Van Kessel G, van der Zwan K, Chipchase L. Predictors of self-perceived cultural responsiveness in entry-level physiotherapy students in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2019; 19:56. [PMID: 30760254 PMCID: PMC6375174 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-019-1487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ensuring physiotherapy students are well prepared to work safely and effectively in culturally diverse societies upon graduation is vital. Therefore, determining whether physiotherapy programs are effectively developing the cultural responsiveness of students is essential. This study aimed to evaluate the level of self-perceived cultural responsiveness of entry level physiotherapy students during their training, and explore the factors that might be associated with these levels. METHODS A cross sectional study of physiotherapy students from nine universities across Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand was conducted using an online self-administered questionnaire containing three parts: The Cultural Competence Assessment tool, Altemeyer's Dogmatism scale, and the Marlowe-Crowne social desirability scale- short form. Demographic data relating to university, program, and level of study were also collected. Data was analysed using one-way ANOVA, t-tests and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 817 (19% response rate) students participated in this study. Overall, students had a moderate level of self-perceived cultural responsiveness (Mean (SD) = 5.15 (0.67)). Fewer number of weeks of clinical placement attended, lower levels of dogmatism, and greater social desirability were related to greater self-perceived cultural responsiveness. Additionally, fourth year undergraduate students perceived themselves to be less culturally responsive than first and second year students (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results provide educators with knowledge about the level of self-perceived cultural responsiveness in physiotherapy students, and the factors that may need to be assessed and addressed to support the development of culturally responsive practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxine Te
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
| | - Felicity Blackstock
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
| | - Caroline Fryer
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA Australia
| | - Peter Gardner
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Bently, WA Australia
| | - Louise Geary
- School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Suzanne Kuys
- School of Physiotherapy, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Kerstin McPherson
- School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW Australia
| | - Irmina Nahon
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, ACT Bruce, Australia
| | - Clarice Tang
- School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Lynne Taylor
- School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gisela Van Kessel
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA Australia
| | - Kelly van der Zwan
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD Australia
| | - Lucy Chipchase
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
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Dickman C, Miller T, Muchow L, Ward-Smith P. Israeli staff nurse knowledge and perception of the nurse practitioner role. Nurse Pract 2018; 43:42-48. [PMID: 30439774 DOI: 10.1097/01.npr.0000547553.01883.ac] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed Israeli nurses' knowledge of the emerging role of master's-prepared NPs. Based on an integrated review of the literature, a study-specific survey was developed, including dichotomous knowledge items, Likert scored perception items, and self-disclosed demographic data. Analyses of the 146 responses revealed that exposure to NPs was limited. Knowledge specific to the role or clinical competency was lacking, yet the assessment capabilities and overall perception of NPs were positive. Data demonstrate a willingness to include NPs in the care model and an awareness that doing so would positively contribute to the overall health of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaya Dickman
- Chaya Dickman is an RN at Terem Urgent Care, Beit Shemesh, Israel. Tamar Miller is a clinical nurse at Meuchedet Primary Care Clinic, Beitar, Israel. Lori Muchow is a charge nurse at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, N.C. Peggy Ward-Smith is an adjunct instructor at Simmons University, College of Nursing, Boston, Mass
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Vésteinsdóttir V, Steingrimsdottir ED, Joinson A, Reips UD, Thorsdottir F. Social Desirability in Spouse Ratings. Psychol Rep 2018; 122:593-608. [PMID: 29648502 DOI: 10.1177/0033294118767815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Whether or not socially desirable responding is a cause for concern in personality assessment has long been debated. For many researchers, McCrae and Costa laid the issue to rest when they showed that correcting for socially desirable responding in self-reports did not improve the agreement with spouse ratings on the Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness to Experience Personality Inventory. However, their findings rest on the assumption that observer ratings in general, and spouse ratings in particular, are an unbiased external criterion. If spouse ratings are also susceptible to socially desirable responding, correcting for the bias in self-rated measures cannot be assumed to increase agreement between self-reports and spouse ratings, and thus failure to do so should not be taken as evidence for the ineffectiveness of measuring and correcting for socially desirable responding. In the present study, McCrae and Costa's influential study was replicated with the exception of measuring socially desirable responding with the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, in both self-reports and spouse ratings. Analyses were based on responses from 70 couples who had lived together for at least one year. The results showed that both self-reports and spouse ratings are susceptible to socially desirable responding and thus McCrae and Costa's conclusion is drawn into question.
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Rasmussen KR, Grubbs JB, Pargament KI, Exline JJ. Social Desirability Bias in Pornography-Related Self-Reports: The Role of Religion. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2018; 55:381-394. [PMID: 29220590 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2017.1399196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In a large online survey of undergraduates, we examined the degree to which social desirability concerns might bias pornography-related self-reports and whether these biases are stronger among highly religious participants than among less-religious ones. Recent state-level analyses have put forward a controversial suggestion that religious individuals tend to search for pornography more than their less-religious peers, despite self-reports to the contrary. Such results could be explained by a social-desirability bias against reporting the consumption of pornography, one that applies specifically to religious individuals. Though our findings are limited to undergraduates in the U.S. Midwest, we found some evidence that the desire to positively self-present (as measured by the Marlowe-Crowne social desirability scale) may bias reports of pornography consumption and perceptions of pornography's effects (e.g., perceptions of addictiveness). However, contrary to popular sentiment-and our own hypotheses-we found no evidence for and much evidence against the suggestion that religious individuals have a more pronounced social desirability bias against the reporting of pornography consumption than the irreligious. Interaction terms assessing that possibility were either nonsignificant or significant in the reverse direction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Julie J Exline
- c Department of Psychology , Case Western Reserve University
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Perunicic Mladenovic I, Knezevic G. Faking amoralism: An ability elusive to both measures of substance and style. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ward M, Meade AW, Allred CM, Pappalardo G, Stoughton JW. Careless response and attrition as sources of bias in online survey assessments of personality traits and performance. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kam CCS. Novel Insights Into Item Keying/Valence Effect Using Latent Difference (LD) Modeling Analysis. J Pers Assess 2017; 100:389-397. [PMID: 28980826 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2017.1369095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Responses to positively and negatively worded items are not always consistent, a behavioral pattern known as the item valence method effect. The current research employed latent difference (LD) modeling (Pohl, Steyer, & Kraus, 2008 ) to help determine explanations of the method effect. Respondents were more likely to reject negative characteristics (measured by negatively worded items) than to accept positive ones (measured by positively worded items), and supplementary analysis showed that this tendency was associated with social desirability response style. Correlations between the method effect and social desirability varied across Big Five personality traits, implying that social desirability cannot be the sole reason behind the phenomenon. Other possible explanations are discussed.
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Christiansen ND, Robie C, Burns GN, Speer AB. Using item-level covariance to detect response distortion on personality measures. HUMAN PERFORMANCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/08959285.2017.1319366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Holden RR, Lambert CE, D'Agata MT, Book AS. Response patterns for the identification of fakers: Detecting drifting dissimulators. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Vésteinsdóttir V, Reips UD, Joinson A, Thorsdottir F. An item level evaluation of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale using item response theory on Icelandic Internet panel data and cognitive interviews. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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