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Kang DW, Kim JH, Choi GW, Cho SJ, Cho HY. PBPK model-based gender-specific risk assessment of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) using human biomonitoring data. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:3269-3288. [PMID: 39096368 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03828-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Despite several screening levels for NDMA reported in water, soil, air, and drugs, the human risk assessment using biomonitoring concentrations has not been performed. In this study, gender-specific exposure guidance values were determined in humans, then biomonitoring measurements in healthy Korean subjects (32 men and 40 women) were compared to the exposure guidance values to evaluate the current exposure level to NDMA. For the human risk assessment of NDMA, the gender-specific physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed in humans using proper physiological parameters, partition coefficients, and biochemical parameters. Using the PBPK model, a Monte Carlo simulation was performed to describe the magnitudes of inter-individual variability and uncertainty on the single model predictions. The PBPK modeling and Monte Carlo simulation allowed the estimation of the relationship between external dose and blood concentration for the risk assessment. The procedure for the human risk assessment was summarized as follows: (1) estimating a steady-state blood concentration (Cavg) corresponding to the daily no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) administration in rats; (2) applying uncertainty factors (UFs) for deriving the human Cavg; (3) determining the exposure guidance values as screening criteria; (4) interpreting the human biomonitoring measurements by forward and reverse dosimetry approaches. Using the biomonitoring concentrations, current daily exposures to NDMA were estimated to be 3.95 μg/day/kg for men and 10.60 μg/day/kg for women, respectively. The result of the study could be used as a basis for implementing further risk management and regulatory decision-making for NDMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Kang
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Go-Wun Choi
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Jin Cho
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea-Young Cho
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Republic of Korea.
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Sidique E, Elhaddad MA, Sami M, Sanislav IV, Alshehri F, Ahmed MS, Abbas H. Geochemical characteristics, hazards impact assessment and radiogenic heat production of the alkaline rocks. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9121. [PMID: 38643321 PMCID: PMC11032408 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59627-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This study primarily investigates the natural radioactivity level in alkaline rocks collected from the Wadi El-Dib ring complex (WDRC) in North Eastern Desert of Egypt, and assesses potential health risks associated with their use as decorative building materials. The work was accomplished using a high-purity germanium detector as well as ICP-MS and ICP-AES techniques. The WDRC composed essentially of trachyte, quartz syenite, granite and syenite. Geochemically, these rocks contain high SiO2 and alkalis with metaluminous to slightly peraluminous features. All rocks contain high concentrations of rare earth elements (∑REEs = 109-1075 ppm), with clear enrichment in light REEs compared to heavy REEs [(La/Yb)N = 8.3-25.3. Radiometrically, the concentrations of the natural radioisotopes (238U, 232Th, and 40K) in the studied rock types surpassed the worldwide average values assigned for building materials by UNSCEAR. This elevation of the radioisotope concentration values is due to the presence of supplement minerals such as monazite, zircon, allanite, and rutile. Granites exhibit the highest mean concentrations of 238U (av. 164.24 ± 14.76 Bq/kg) and 232Th (av. 214.37 ± 23.33 Bq/kg), while trachytes demonstrate the highest 40K (av. 1352.56 ± 65.56 Bq/kg) concentrations. In contrast, syenites exhibite the lowest mean concentrations for 238U (av. 54.51 ± 6.81 Bq/kg) and 232Th (av. 56.76 ± 6.25 Bq/kg), while quartz syenites display the lowest mean concentration of 40K (av. 1144.78 ± 96.19 Bq/kg). The radiogenic heat production (RHP) associated with U, Th, and K range between 1.41 to 9.33 μW/m3, exceeding the typical crustal mean value of 0.8 to 1.2 μW/m3. The radiological parameters and indices evaluating risks of the outdoor and indoor radiation doses due to the investigated rocks were assessed. The results indicated that these rocks meet globally accepted values and safety standards (approved by UNSCEAR, ICRP, and EC) for surface building materials, as well as they underscore the importance of adhering to safety protocols to safeguard workers from radiation exposure within the WDRC area. Ultimately, the data herein provide a valuable database for assessing the compatibility of geochemical data and natural radioactivity level in WDRC rocks. Additionally, it reveals that from the radiological perspective, the investigated rocks are considered safe for use as decorative construction materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam Sidique
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharga, 72511, Egypt.
| | - Mervat A Elhaddad
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Mabrouk Sami
- Geosciences Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia, 61519, Egypt.
| | - Ioan V Sanislav
- Economic Geology Research Centre (EGRU), College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Fahad Alshehri
- Abdullah Alrushaid Chair for Earth Science Remote Sensing Research, Geology and Geophysics Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Ahmed
- Abdullah Alrushaid Chair for Earth Science Remote Sensing Research, Geology and Geophysics Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hassan Abbas
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
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Habib MA, Akhi SZ, Khan R, Phoungthong K, Basir MS, Anik AH, Islam ARMT, Idris AM. Elevated levels of environmental radioactivity in fluvial sediment: origin and health risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2024; 26:555-581. [PMID: 38305448 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00455d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
To study the geogenic processes of naturally occurring radioactive materials' (NORMs') distribution, a transboundary Himalayan river (Punarbhaba) is chosen due to its trivial anthropogenic impacts. In explaining the genesis of radionuclides, transition elements (Sc, Ti, V, and Fe), rare-earth-elements (REEs: La, Eu, Ce, Yb, Sm, and Lu), Ta, Hf, Th, and U were analysed in 30 riverbed sediments collected from the Bangladeshi portion of the river. Elemental abundances and NORMs' activity were measured by neutron activation analysis and HPGe-gamma-spectrometry, respectively. Averagen=30 radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra (68.4 Bq kg-1), 232Th (85.7 Bq kg-1), and 40K (918 Bq kg-1) were 2.0-2.3-fold higher, which show elevated results compared to the corresponding world mean values. Additionally, mean-REE abundances were 1.02-1.38-times higher than those of crustal origin. Elevated (relative to earth-crust) ratios of Th/U (=3.95 ± 1.84) and 232Th/40K and statistical demonstrations invoke Th-dominant heavy minerals, indicating the role of kaolinite clay mineral abundance/granitic presence. However, Th/Yb, La/V, Hf/Sc, and Th/Sc ratios reveal the presence of felsic abundances, hydrodynamic sorting, and recycling of sedimentary minerals. Geo-environmental indices demonstrated the enrichment of chemical elements in heavy minerals, whereas radiological indices presented ionizing radiation concerns, e.g., the average absorbed-gamma-dose rate (123.1 nGy h-1) was 2.24-fold higher compared to the threshold value which might cause chronic health impacts depending on the degree of exposure. The mean excess lifetime cancer risk value for carcinogen exposure was 5.29 × 10-4 S v-1, which is ∼2-times greater than the suggested threshold. Therefore, plausible extraction of heavy minerals and using residues as building materials can alleviate the two-reconciling problems: (1) radiological risk management and (2) fluvial navigability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ahosan Habib
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbaghicha, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Sayma Zahan Akhi
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Khamphe Phoungthong
- Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
| | - Md Samium Basir
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - Amit Hasan Anik
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh.
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Mirpur-12, Cantonment, Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - A R M Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
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Jegede OA, Olaoye MA, Olagbaju PO, Makinde V, Badawy WM. Radiation risk assessment of quarry pit soil as construction material in Abeokuta, Nigeria: implications for environmental and public health. ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES 2024; 60:90-102. [PMID: 37997342 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2023.2285002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTEnvironmental and health risks posed by radionuclides in quarry pit soils are of great concern in environmental health monitoring. The current investigation was aimed at determining the natural radionuclide activity concentration (in Bq kg-1) of the understudied quarry pit granules used as construction materials. The collection and preparation of pit soil samples from Abeokuta quarry sites were done using standard methods, analysis of radiological parameters was carried out using hyperpure germanium (HPGe) spectrometer. Specific activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were measured. The values obtained were greater than the world weighted average of 35, 30, and 400 Bq kg-1 for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K, respectively. The absorbed dose, the annual effective dose, and the radium equivalent were calculated and demonstrated significant values. The radionuclide content of the samples is relatively high and the use of pit soils as a building material, therefore, raises radiological concerns for dwellers in this area and requires periodic monitoring and undergoing a radiation protection program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseyi A Jegede
- Center of Applied Radiation Science and Technology, North West University, Mahikeng Campus, South Africa
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Morohunfoluwa A Olaoye
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria
| | - Peter O Olagbaju
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
- Department of Physics, North West University, Mahikeng Campus, South Africa
| | - Victor Makinde
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Wael M Badawy
- Radiation Protection and Civil Defense Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russian Federation
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5
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Njinga RL, Ogundele TL, Adebayo AS, Olatunji MA, Olufemi AP, Olowookere CJ, Aladeniyi K, Pereira A, Arogunjo MA, Tshivhase VM. Distribution dynamics and descriptive statistical analysis of radionuclides in the farmland soils near mining areas in Southwestern Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:3617-3636. [PMID: 36456669 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to ionizing radiation in the environment is mainly due to naturally occurring radionuclides in the soils, building materials and rocks, but the level may vary depending on the anthropogenic activities prevalent in each location. Presently, in Nigeria, there are concerns due to environmental health implications of all sorts of mineral mining and processing spreading across the southwestern states of the country. This work determines the activity concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclide materials (NORMs) in the farmland soil with the aim of evaluating the radiation hazards. A total of 200 composite soil samples were taken from five states in the southwest of Nigeria, close to active mining sites at the root (0.2 m) and at deep planting zones (0.5 m) for analysis by gamma-ray spectrometry using NaI(Tl) detector. The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in the composite soil samples were determined to vary in the order of 40 K > 232Th > 226Ra/238U for all locations. In contrast to the other locations, Olode and Igbokoda had average radium equivalent activities (Raeq) to be 1.6 and 1.8 times, respectively, higher than the reference limit of 370 Bqkg-1. The estimated excess life cancer risk values were lower than the 0.29 × 10-3 global average value for soil by United Nations on Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) and International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Negative and low skewness values of 0.61 and 1.20 were obtained for 40 K in Itagunmodi, and also 0.47 and 0.66 for 232Th were obtained in Sagamu. The kurtosis analysis of the activity concentrations was low and negative for soil at Itagunmodi for 40 K and 226Ra/238U; Olode for 40 K and 232Th; and Igbokoda for 226Ra/238U and 232Th where mining activities are commonly practiced. The variation in the results has been attributed to different agriculture practices and artisanal mining operations in each location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond L Njinga
- Department of Physics, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria.
| | - Tunde L Ogundele
- Department of Physics, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Adebiyi S Adebayo
- Department of Physics, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria
| | | | - Ayodele P Olufemi
- Department of Physics, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria
| | | | - Kehinde Aladeniyi
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Alcides Pereira
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Muyiwa A Arogunjo
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo, Nigeria
| | - Victor M Tshivhase
- Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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6
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Rahmat MA, Ismail AF, Rodzi ND, Aziman ES, Fadzil SM, Hidzir NM, Idris MI, Rahman IA, Mohamed F. A window into the future: case study of long-term radiological risk modelling posed by unregulated mining waste repurposing activities. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:714. [PMID: 37221312 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11308-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to assess long-term radiological exposure risks and effects to both industrial workers and occupants living in the near vicinity of local tailing processing plants. The detrimental effects of licensing exemption were studied by comparing contaminated soil collected from 7 unlicensed-by the Atomic Energy Licensing Board-tailing processing plants with soil from control location. It was found that the average concentration of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40 K for all seven processing plants fell between the range of 0.1 ± 0.0-7.21 ± 0.1 Bqg-1, 0.1 ± 0.0-16.34 ± 0.27 Bqg-1, and 0.18 ± 0.01-1.74 ± 0.01 Bqg-1, respectively, showing observable indication of soil contamination with Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive (TENORM) material. The annual effective dose was calculated which showed that most samples exceeded the recommended value of the ICRP of 1 mSvy-1 for non-radiation workers. Assessment of radiological hazards in the environment was done by calculating the radium equivalent value; revealing the exposure risk posed by the contaminated soil is substantial. Using the relatable inputs, the RESRAD-ONSITE computed code revealed that the dose due to internal exposure via inhalation of radon gas contributes the most to the overall exposure. The covering of the contaminated soil with a clean layer is effective in reducing external dose but ineffective for radon inhalation. RESRAD-OFFSITE computer code also revealed that the contribution of exposure via contaminated soil in the neighbouring vicinity is below the recommended 1 mSvy-1 threshold but still contributes to a significant amount cumulatively when considering other exposure pathways as well. The study proposes the introduction of clean cover soil as a viable option in reducing external dose from contaminated soil as 1 m of clean cover soil is able to reduce dose exposure by 23.8-30.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdullah Rahmat
- Nuclear Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aznan Fazli Ismail
- Nuclear Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Nuclear Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Nursyamimi Diyana Rodzi
- Nuclear Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Eli Syafiqah Aziman
- Nuclear Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syazwani Mohd Fadzil
- Nuclear Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Nuclear Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norsyahidah Mohd Hidzir
- Nuclear Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Nuclear Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Idzat Idris
- Nuclear Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Nuclear Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Irman Abdul Rahman
- Nuclear Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Nuclear Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faizal Mohamed
- Nuclear Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Nuclear Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Lopes AG, Da Silva FCA, Lopes RT. Radiological assessment of the disposal of bulk oil NORM waste: Case study from Brazil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2023; 261:107139. [PMID: 36842336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The oil and gas industries are the largest producers of NORM wastes that are continuously generated during production and extraction activities. In addition, an increasing trend is observed in waste production worldwide due to the decommissioning of oil platforms. The problem is that most of these wastes are in activity concentration levels above the exemption and the clearance limits and are being accumulated in storage sites because no repositories exist in Brazil for NORM wastes generated by oil industries. There are regulations for radioactive wastes and for the licensing of repositories for managing wastes with low and intermediate levels of radiation but the current regulations apply only to packaged wastes. Therefore an initial radiological assessment was carried out with the RESRAD-OFFSITE code to show that bulk NORM wastes (not packaged wastes) could be disposed of in repositories near the surface without causing additional risk to the public above the criteria used. The results can also support decision-making by the Regulatory Authority to change the current regulations and allow for the disposal of wastes in bulk form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Gomes Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - PEN/COPPE/UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | - Ricardo Tadeu Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - PEN/COPPE/UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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8
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Taalab SA, Mohamed WH, Shetaia SA, Al Meshari M, Alzamil Y, Abanomy A, Alyahyawi AR, El-Taher A. Radiological and environmental hazards of granitic rocks in Wadi Faliq El Sahl and El Waar area, North Eastern Desert, Egypt. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2023; 58:326-341. [PMID: 36895171 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2023.2186650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronologically, the main exposures in the study area include; tonalite, granodiorite, adamellite, Hammamat Sediments, monzogranite, syenogranite, rapakivi syenogranite, alkali feldspar granite and dykes. This work aims to determine the suitability of the granitic rocks for using as ornamental stones through detecting their radiological and ecological impacts. The studied samples were measured radiometrically by using Na-I detector for determination of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K concentrations. External hazard indices (Hex) in some samples are more than unity, also, the (Raeq) are higher than the exemption limits (370 Bq.kg-1) exceeds the upper limit of exposure. The hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was applied to investigate the correlation between the radionuclides and the corresponding radiological hazard variables. Based on the statistical analysis, 232Th and 226Ra mainly contribute to the radioactive risk of the studied rocks. Regarding ecological indices, 42.1% of younger granite samples have Pollution load index values greater than 1, indicating deterioration, while the majority of older granite samples are lower than 1 suggesting perfection samples. Where, some sample from the older granitoids and younger granites have many radiological and ecological parameters greater than the recommended international limits, so, these samples should not be used in construction for safety reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif A Taalab
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Waheed H Mohamed
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Said A Shetaia
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Meshari Al Meshari
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Alzamil
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Abanomy
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad R Alyahyawi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - Atef El-Taher
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt
- Department of General Educational Development, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil International University, Ashulia, Bangladesh
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9
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Dodge-Wan D, Viswanathan PM, Seow SQ. Micro-mapping of terrestrial gamma radiation dose rate in typical urban homes in Miri City (Sarawak, Malaysia). J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2023; 332:2177-2193. [PMID: 37193350 PMCID: PMC9994391 DOI: 10.1007/s10967-023-08838-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Micro-mapping of terrestrial gamma radiation dose (TGRD) at meter grid spacing in and around four urban homes in Miri City shows rates ranging from 70 to 150 nGy/h. Tiled surfaces (floors and walls) vary between properties and have a clear and significant influence on TGRD which is highest in kitchens, washrooms and toilets. Application of a single indoor value for annual effective dose (AED) may lead to underestimations of up to 30%. The AED is unlikely to exceed 0.8 mSv in homes of this type in Miri, which is within recommended guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Dodge-Wan
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009 Miri, Sarawak Malaysia
| | - Prasanna Mohan Viswanathan
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009 Miri, Sarawak Malaysia
| | - Sheng Qin Seow
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009 Miri, Sarawak Malaysia
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Natural radioactivity of a copper–zinc mine with a production facility in Türkiye and radiological consequences of usage of the tailing as a concrete additive. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08751-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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11
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El Zrelli R, Yacoubi L, Castet S, Grégoire M, Josse C, Olive JF, Courjault-Radé P, van Beek P, Zambardi T, Souhaut M, Sonke JE, Rabaoui LJ. PET plastics as a Trojan horse for radionuclides. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 441:129886. [PMID: 36088881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mismanaged plastic waste interacts with secondary environmental pollutants, potentially aggravating their impact on ecosystems and human health. Here we characterized the natural and artificial radionuclides in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles collected from the industrial littoral discharge of a phosphate fertilizer plant. The activity concentrations in littered bottles ranged from 0.47 (208Tl) to 12.70 Bq·kg-1 (226Ra), with a mean value of 5.30 Bq·kg-1. All the human health risk assessment indices (annual intake, annual effective dose, and excess lifetime cancer risk) estimated for radionuclides associated with ingestion and inhalation of microplastics were below international safety limits. Our results demonstrated that PET can be loaded with natural and artificial radionuclides, and potentially act as a carrier to transfer radionuclides to humans, posing a new potential health risk. Increased use, mismanagement and fragmentation of plastic waste, and continued interaction of plastic waste with radioelements may lead to enhanced radiation exposure in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhouan El Zrelli
- SADEF Agronomy & Environment, 30 Rue de la Station, 68700 Aspach-Le-Bas, France.
| | - Lamia Yacoubi
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Science of Tunis, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Parasitology of Aquatic Ecosystems (LR18ES05), 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sylvie Castet
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Université de Toulouse, UMR 5563 CNRS/UPS/IRD/CNES, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Grégoire
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Université de Toulouse, UMR 5563 CNRS/UPS/IRD/CNES, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Claudie Josse
- UAR Raimond CASTAING, Université de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Olive
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Courjault-Radé
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Université de Toulouse, UMR 5563 CNRS/UPS/IRD/CNES, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Pieter van Beek
- Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (LEGOS), Université de Toulouse, CNES/CNRS/IRD/UPS, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Zambardi
- Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (LEGOS), Université de Toulouse, CNES/CNRS/IRD/UPS, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Marc Souhaut
- Laboratoire d'Etudes en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales (LEGOS), Université de Toulouse, CNES/CNRS/IRD/UPS, Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Jeroen E Sonke
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Université de Toulouse, UMR 5563 CNRS/UPS/IRD/CNES, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Lotfi Jilani Rabaoui
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Science of Tunis, Laboratory of Biodiversity and Parasitology of Aquatic Ecosystems (LR18ES05), 2092 Tunis, Tunisia; National Center for Wildlife, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Adel EAH, Taha SH, Ebyan OA, Rashed WM, El-Feky MG, Alqahtani MS, Korany KA, Hanfi MY. Natural Radioactivity Assessment and Radiation Hazards of Pegmatite as a Building Material, Hafafit Area, Southeastern Desert, Egypt. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10100596. [PMID: 36287876 PMCID: PMC9607233 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Sixty-seven sites of Hafafit pegmatite from the Southeastern Desert of Egypt were investigated radiometrically in the field using an in situ γ-ray spectrometer to determine eU, eTh, and K contents. The obtained results ranged from 0.4 to 6 ppm for eU with a mean value of 2.5 ppm, from 0.2 to 32 ppm for eTh with a mean value of 6.7 ppm, and from 0.7% to 5.4% for K with a mean value of 3.3%. Consequently, the radiological effects from these rocks were estimates by determination of the environmental parameters: gamma activity concentration index Iγ, external hazard index Hex, internal hazard index Hin, external absorbed dose rates in outdoor, and external absorbed dose rates in indoor air. The results obtained in this study showed that values U, Th, and K lie in the range of the acceptable world values. In addition, the calculated radiation hazard parameters (Iγ, Hex, and Hin) have values lower than the world values, while the calculated external absorbed dose rates (Dair) have values higher than the world and Egyptian permissible levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Afandy H. Adel
- Contracts Sector, Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo P.O. Box 530, Egypt
| | - Samia H. Taha
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, Cairo P.O. Box 11884, Egypt
| | - Osama A. Ebyan
- Contracts Sector, Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo P.O. Box 530, Egypt
| | - Wafaa M. Rashed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, New Vally University, Alkharja 72511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed G. El-Feky
- Contracts Sector, Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo P.O. Box 530, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Korany A. Korany
- Department of Basic Sciences, Common First Year Deanship, Jouf University, Sakaka P.O. Box 214, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Y. Hanfi
- Contracts Sector, Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo P.O. Box 530, Egypt
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, St. Mira 19, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia
- Correspondence:
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13
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Estokova A, Singovszka E, Vertal M. Investigation of Building Materials' Radioactivity in a Historical Building-A Case Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15196876. [PMID: 36234216 PMCID: PMC9570568 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The paper investigates a possible hazard originating from natural radionuclides in building materials in a selected historical building being reconstructed for housing. Both outdoor and indoor risks were evaluated through the radiological indices and estimated doses, based on measured activities of natural radionuclides in stone and brick materials of the building. The average measured activity concentrations of radionuclides were 7.32 Bq/kg for 226Ra, 40.05 Bq/kg for 232Th, and 546.64 Bq/kg for 40K radionuclides. The average total activity concentration in building materials (594.0 Bq/kg) exceeded the world average value. A correlation was found between the potassium content in the building material samples and the total activity of radionuclides. The gamma indices, Iγ, calculated for the samples, ranged in an interval of 0.26-0.60, not exceeding the restricted limit for bulk materials Iγ = 1. The average annual effective dose due to building materials was 0.53 mSv/y, which does not exceed the limit (1 mSv/y), however, it contributes to a gamma dose excess that is higher than recommended (0.3 mSv/y at the most). The bricks were responsible for a higher level of natural radiation than natural stone material. Nevertheless, based on the radiation protection requirements, it can be concluded that the building can be used for residential purposes after the reconstruction, as no significant human health impact is expected due to the radioactivity of building materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Estokova
- Institute of Sustainable and Circular Construction, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, Vysokoskolská 4, 042 00 Kosice, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-55-602-4265
| | - Eva Singovszka
- Department of Strategic Development, Municipality of Kosice, Trieda SNP 48/A, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Marian Vertal
- Institute of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, Vysokoskolská 4, 042 00 Kosice, Slovakia
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14
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Hanfi MY, Abdel Gawad AE, Ali KG, Abu-Donia A, Alsafi KG, Khafaji MA, Albahiti SK, Alqahtani MS, Khalil M, Abdel Wahed AA. Environmental risk assessment associated with acidic volcanics in Egypt. Appl Radiat Isot 2022; 188:110413. [PMID: 35994917 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present work aims to study gamma rays emitted by radionuclides such as 238U, 232Th and 40K from acidic Monqul volcanics. The studied volcanics are represented by a thick stratified lava flows interbanded with their pyroclastics. They are composed of thick lava flows of andesite and, to a lesser extent of basalt, and acidic volcanics including rhyolite and dacite. The average values of 238U, 232Th and 40K are (46 ± 24 Bq kg-1), (62 ± 11 Bq kg-1) and (1227 ± 318 Bq kg-1) in the rhyolite-dacite samples are greater than the worldwide average. The variation of radioactive bearing minerals observed inside granite faults produced the great amounts of radioactivity perceived in the samples. Calculating radiological risks is used to assess the public's radioactive risk from radionuclides revealed in the studied Rhyolite-dacite samples. The acceptable limit for excess lifetime cancer (ELCR) evaluations has been exceeded. As a result, Rhyolite-dacite are inappropriate for apply in building materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Y Hanfi
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530 El-Maadi, Cairo, Egypt; Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
| | | | - Khaled G Ali
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530 El-Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Atef Abu-Donia
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530 El-Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khalid G Alsafi
- Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia; Radiology Department, Medical Physics Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Khafaji
- Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia; Radiology Department, Medical Physics Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah K Albahiti
- Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia; Radiology Department, Medical Physics Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Hospital, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia; BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Magdy Khalil
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Egypt
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15
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Caridi F, Spoto SE, Mottese AF, Paladini G, Crupi V, Belvedere A, Marguccio S, D’Agostino M, Faggio G, Grillo R, Messina G, Barreca F, Venuti V, Majolino D. Multivariate Statistics, Mineralogy, and Radiological Hazards Assessment Due to the Natural Radioactivity Content in Pyroclastic Products from Mt. Etna, Sicily, Southern Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191711040. [PMID: 36078754 PMCID: PMC9517781 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In this article, an investigation of the natural radioactivity content of pyroclastic products from Mt. Etna, eastern Sicily, Southern Italy, was carried out. In particular, the assessment of the average activity concentration of the investigated radionuclides, related to the mineralogical phase composition of the analyzed samples, and the radiological health risk for the population, was performed. High Purity Germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometry was employed in order to quantify the average specific activity of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K natural radioisotopes. The absorbed gamma dose rate (D), the radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the hazard indices (Hin and Hex), the annual effective dose equivalent outdoor (AEDEout), and the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) were also estimated in order to assess any possible radiological hazard for the population. In our case, they were found to be lower than the maximum recommended values for the population members, thus reasonably excluding radiological hazard effects. Moreover, the identification of the source of the aforementioned naturally occurring radionuclides was attempted by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Micro-Raman Scattering (MRS), thereby recognizing the main radioisotope-bearing minerals present in the investigated pyroclastic products. Finally, Pearson correlation, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were performed by processing observed radioactivity and radiological parameters in order to determine their correlation with the sampling locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Caridi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (V.V.)
| | - Sebastiano Ettore Spoto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Francesco Mottese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paladini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (V.V.)
| | - Vincenza Crupi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alberto Belvedere
- Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell’Ambiente della Calabria (ARPACal)—Dipartimento di Reggio Calabria, Via Troncovito SNC, 89135 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Santina Marguccio
- Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell’Ambiente della Calabria (ARPACal)—Dipartimento di Reggio Calabria, Via Troncovito SNC, 89135 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Maurizio D’Agostino
- Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell’Ambiente della Calabria (ARPACal)—Dipartimento di Reggio Calabria, Via Troncovito SNC, 89135 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Giuliana Faggio
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, delle Infrastrutture e dell’Energia Sostenibile (DIIES), Università “Mediterranea”, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (V.V.)
| | - Rossella Grillo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, delle Infrastrutture e dell’Energia Sostenibile (DIIES), Università “Mediterranea”, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Giacomo Messina
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, delle Infrastrutture e dell’Energia Sostenibile (DIIES), Università “Mediterranea”, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Francesco Barreca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Valentina Venuti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (G.P.); (G.F.); (V.V.)
| | - Domenico Majolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, V.le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Khan R, Islam HMT, Apon MAS, Islam ARMT, Habib MA, Phoungthong K, Idris AM, Techato K. Environmental geochemistry of higher radioactivity in a transboundary Himalayan river sediment (Brahmaputra, Bangladesh): potential radiation exposure and health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:57357-57375. [PMID: 35349070 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19735-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study of a downstream segment (Brahmaputra, Bangladesh) of one of the longest transboundary (China-India-Bangladesh) Himalayan rivers reveals elevated radioactivity compared to other freshwater basins across the world. Naturally occurring radioactive nuclides (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) and metal contents (transition metals, Fe, Ti, Sc, and V; rare earth elements, La, Ce, Eu, Sm, Dy, Yb, and Lu; high field strength elements, Ta and Hf; and actinides, Th and U) in thirty sediment samples were measured by HPGe γ-spectrophotometry and research reactor-based neutron activation analysis, respectively. We systematically investigated the mechanism of the deposition of higher radioactivity concentrations and rare earth elements (REEs) associated with heavy minerals (HMs) and photomicrograph-based mineralogical analysis. The results show that total REEs (∑REE) and Ta, Hf, U, and Th are generally 1.5- to 3.0-fold elevated compared to crustal values associated with -δEu and -δCe anomalies, suggesting a felsic source provenance. The enrichment of light REEs (×1.5 upper continental crust (UCC)) and Th (×1.9 UCC), besides Th/U (=7.74 ± 2.35) and 232Th/40K ratios, along with the micrographic and statistical approaches, revealed the elevated presence of HMs. Fluvial suspended sedimentary transportation (from upstream) followed by mineralogical recycling and sorting enriched the HM depositions in this basin. Bivariate plots, including La/Th-Hf, La/Th-Th/Yb, and La/V-Th/Yb, revealed significant contributions of felsic source rock compared to mafic sources. The assessment of radiological hazards demonstrates ionizing-radiation-associated health risks to the local residents and people inhabiting houses made from Brahmaputra River sediments (as construction material).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - Hossain Mohammad Touhidul Islam
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Md Adnan Sarker Apon
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Ahosan Habib
- Geological Survey of Bangladesh, Segunbaghicha, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, | Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Khamphe Phoungthong
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, | Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuaanan Techato
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, | Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
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17
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Do Le L, Vu BN, Huynh HTY, Truong THN, Huynh PT, Vo HH, Le TX, Truong LTH. Radiation exposure for the population living around the coal-fired power plant complexes in Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:561. [PMID: 35789439 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A coal-fired power plant's operation can release radioactive nuclides and radon gas into the environment, affecting the surrounding ecosystem. In this work, the collective effective dose due to the inhalation and the consumption of food containing the deposited radionuclides from the atmospheric release of the plants were evaluated. The results show that the radioactivity concentration in coal and fly ash samples depends on the origin of feed coal. The distribution of Th and U radionuclides in the 6a1 dust coal and bituminous coal is different. In general, the collective effective dose for different organs due to radiation exposure from the atmospheric release of two surveyed CFPP complexes are lower than the corresponding value published by UNSCEAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loc Do Le
- Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ba Ngoc Vu
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hong Thi Yen Huynh
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thy Huu Ngan Truong
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Truc Huynh
- Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hai Hong Vo
- Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thuyen Xuan Le
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Loan Thi Hong Truong
- Nuclear Technique Laboratory, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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18
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Abdel Gawad AE, Ali KG, Wahed AAA, Alsafi K, Khafaji M, Albahiti S, Khalil M, Masoud MS, Hanfi MY. Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk Associated with Granite Bearing Radioactive Minerals and Valuable Metals, Monqul Area, North Eastern Desert, Egypt. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124307. [PMID: 35744366 PMCID: PMC9229709 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The present work is concerned with assessing the cancer risk contributed by the studied granite types including valuable metals, such as Cu, Au, and Ba mineralization, as well as radioactive-bearing mineralization, such as monazite and zircon, in south Monqul at Wadi Makhrag El Ebel, north Eastern Desert, Egypt. The mineralization analyses illustrated that copper mineralization containing chrysocolla and tenorite minerals were restricted to the alteration zone, especially (argillic, phyllic, and propylitic) in monzogranite. However, barite veinlets had an ENE–WSW trend, while gold mineralization was confined to quartz veins having NE–SW trends. Monazite and zircon are radioactive-bearing minerals recorded in monzogranite causing high radioactive zones in south Monqul. The radionuclide activity concentrations were detected in the studied monzogranites. The mean values of AU (103 ± 91 Bq kg−1), ATh (78 ± 19 Bq kg−1), and AK (1484 ± 334 Bq kg−1) in the monzogranite samples were higher than the recommended worldwide average. The change in radioactive-transporting minerals found inside granite faults caused the high amounts of radioactivity seen in the samples. Due to the monzogranites being applied in building materials, the radiological hazards were assessed by calculating risk indices such as annual effective dose (AED) and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR). The acceptable limit for the ELCR readings was surpassed. As a result, the investigated monzogranite samples are not suitable for use in infrastructure materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E. Abdel Gawad
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo 11728, Egypt; (K.G.A.); (A.A.A.W.); (M.S.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.E.A.G.); (M.Y.H.)
| | - Khaled G. Ali
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo 11728, Egypt; (K.G.A.); (A.A.A.W.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Adel A. Abdel Wahed
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo 11728, Egypt; (K.G.A.); (A.A.A.W.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Khalid Alsafi
- Medical Physics Unit, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (M.K.); (S.A.)
- Medical Physics Unit, Diagnostic Imaging Department, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mawya Khafaji
- Medical Physics Unit, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (M.K.); (S.A.)
- Medical Physics Unit, Diagnostic Imaging Department, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Albahiti
- Medical Physics Unit, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (M.K.); (S.A.)
- Medical Physics Unit, Diagnostic Imaging Department, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdy Khalil
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta 34511, Egypt;
| | - Masoud S. Masoud
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo 11728, Egypt; (K.G.A.); (A.A.A.W.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Mohamed Y. Hanfi
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo 11728, Egypt; (K.G.A.); (A.A.A.W.); (M.S.M.)
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Correspondence: (A.E.A.G.); (M.Y.H.)
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Health Effects of Natural Environmental Radiation during Burning Season in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12060853. [PMID: 35743884 PMCID: PMC9227549 DOI: 10.3390/life12060853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the first measurement of the investigation of the health impacts of indoor radon exposure and external dose from terrestrial radiation in Chiang Mai province during the dry season burning between 2018 and 2020. Indoor radon activity concentrations were carried out using a total of 220 RADUET detectors in 45 dwellings of Chiang Mai (7 districts) during burning and non-burning seasons. Results show that indoor radon activity concentration during the burning season (63 ± 33 Bq/m3) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to the non-burning season (46 ± 19 Bq/m3), with an average annual value of 55 ± 28 Bq/m3. All values of indoor radon activity concentration were greater than the national (16 Bq/m3) and worldwide (39 Bq/m3) average values. In addition, the external dose from terrestrial radiation was measured using a car-borne survey during the burning season in 2018. The average absorbed rate in the air was 66 nGy/h, which is higher than the worldwide average value of 59 nGy/h. This might be due to the high activity concentrations of 238U and 323Th in the study area. With regards to the health risk assessment, the effective dose due to indoor radon exposure, external (outdoor) effective dose, and total annual effective dose were 1.6, 0.08, and 1.68 mSv/y, respectively. The total annual effective dose is higher than the worldwide average of 1.15 mSv/y. The excess lifetime cancer risk and radon-induced lung cancer risk during the burning season were 0.67% and 28.44 per million persons per year, respectively. Our results substantiate that indoor radon and natural radioactive elements in the air during the burning season are important contributors to the development of lung cancer.
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Cancer Risk Assessment and Geochemical Features of Granitoids at Nikeiba, Southeastern Desert, Egypt. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12050621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Different rock types (syenogranite, alkali feldspar granite and quartz syenite intruded by microgranite dikes and quartz veins) were investigated in the Nikeiba region in Egypt. The main components of the studied intrusive rocks, comprised of granites and quartz syenite, are plagioclase, amphibole, biotite, quartz and K-feldspar in different proportions. Ground gamma ray measurements show that syenogranite, quartz syenite and microgranite dikes have the highest radioactivity (K, eU, eTh and their ratios) in comparison with alkali feldspar granite. Geochemically, syenogranite, alkali feldspar granite and quartz syenite are enriched with large-ion lithophile elements (LILE; Ba, Rb, Sr) and high field-strength elements (HFSE; Y, Zr and Nb), but have decreased Ce, reflecting their alkaline affinity. These rocks reveal calc–alkaline affinity, metaluminous characteristics, A-type granites and post-collision geochemical signatures, which indicates emplacement in within-plate environments under an extensional regime. U and Th are increased in syenogranite and quartz syenite, whereas alkali feldspar granite shows a marked decrease in U and Th. The highest average values of AU (131 ± 49 Bq·kg−1), ATh (164 ± 35) and AK (1402 ± 239) in the syenogranite samples are higher than the recommended worldwide average. The radioactivity levels found in the samples are the result of the alteration of radioactive carrying minerals found inside granite faults. The public’s radioactive risk from the radionuclides found in the investigated granitoid samples is estimated by calculating radiological risks. The excess lifetime cancer (ELCR) values exceed the permissible limit. Therefore, the granitoids are unsuitable for use as infrastructure materials.
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Radiometric mapping and radiation dose assessments in sediments from Şavşat Black Lake, Turkey. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Hanfi MY, Abdel Gawad AE, Eliwa H, Ali K, Taki MM, Sayyed M, Khandaker MU, Bradley DA. Assessment of radioactivity in Granitoids at Nikeiba, Southeastern Desert, Egypt; radionuclides concentrations and radiological hazard parameters. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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23
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Yousefi H, Lak E, Mohammadi MJ, Shahriyari HA. Carcinogenic Risk Assessment among Children and Adult due to Exposure to Toxic Air Pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:23015-23025. [PMID: 34797534 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Health endpoint and risk of carcinogenic among people enhancement due to Exposures to toxic air pollutants. The purpose of this study was investigation of a carcinogenic risk assessment among children and adults due to exposure to toxic pollutants. A review study of literature was performed with seven hundred and twenty-six articles were retrieved based on Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, and Springer databases. Studies reporting data on predetermined consequences potential toxic air pollutants and related to lifetime cancer risk (LCR) and hazard quotient (HQ) were used to assess carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk. The literature signs a notable undesirable affect from potential toxic air pollutants related to carcinogenic risk assessment among children and adult. Based on Result this study, the toxic air pollutants can endanger health of children and adult exposure to this pollutant and increase lifetime cancer risk number and carcinogenic risk among exposed people. Useful for health policymaker in order to cope with the incidence of cancer among citizenship Can be the main application the results of this study. Increasing the level of public awareness, especially of sensitive groups, about the incidence of cancer and its important factors and reduce exposures to toxic air pollutants are the main vital government actions for decrease the prevalence of cancer. Further research using more sophisticated methodology is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homayon Yousefi
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research center, Health research institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elena Lak
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health AND Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Awad M, El Mezayen AM, El Azab A, Alfi SM, Ali HH, Hanfi MY. Radioactive risk assessment of beach sand along the coastline of Mediterranean Sea at El-Arish area, North Sinai, Egypt. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 177:113494. [PMID: 35245768 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Beach sand includes various levels of natural radioactivity, which can cause health effects. The natural radioactivity was measured in the beach sand along the coastline of the Mediterranean Sea at the east of the El-Arish area, Egypt. Using the HPGe spectrometer, the contribution of radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the gamma emitted radiation illustrated that the 226Ra, 232Th and 40K activity concentrations are 8.8 ± 3.9, 30.8 ± 12.2 and 106.9 ± 46.8 Bq kg-1, respectively, which is lower than the reported worldwide limit 33, 45 and 412 Bq kg-1. The radioactive hazards associated with the beach sand along the coastline of the Mediterranean Sea at the east of the El-Arish area were investigated. The obtained results among the radiological hazard parameters, the radium equivalent content (Raeq), the absorbed dose rate (Dair), annual effective dose (AED), external (Hex) and internal (Hin) hazard indices were estimated. Moreover, the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and the annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) were also computed and illustrated their values less than the recommended levels. Multivariate statistical approaches like Pearson correlation, the principal component analysis (PCA) and the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were applied to investigate the correlation between the radionuclides and the corresponding radiological hazard variables. Based on the statistical analysis, the 226Ra and 232Th mainly contribute to the radioactive risk of beach sand. Finally, no significant risk of the public associated with utilizing beach sand in building materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Awad
- Nuclear Materials Authority. P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A M El Mezayen
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A El Azab
- Nuclear Materials Authority. P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S M Alfi
- Nuclear Materials Authority. P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H H Ali
- Nuclear Materials Authority. P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Y Hanfi
- Nuclear Materials Authority. P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt; Ural Federal University, Mira Street 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia.
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Radiological Hazards Assessment of Stream sediments at Wadi Diit and Wadi Sermatai area, Southern Eastern Desert, Egypt. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08247-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Natural Radionuclide Levels and Radiological Hazards of Khour Abalea Mineralized Pegmatites, Southeastern Desert, Egypt. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12030353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Arranged from oldest to youngest, the main granitic rock units exposed in Khour Abalea are metagabbros, cataclastic rocks, ophiolitic melange, granitic rocks, pegmatite and lamprophyre dykes. The presence of radioactivity associated with the heavy bearing minerals in construction materials—like granite—increased interest in the extraction process. As it turns out, granitic rocks play an important economic part in the examination of an area’s surroundings. The radionuclide content is measured by using an NaI (Tl)-detector. In the mineralized pegmatites, U (326 to 2667 ppm), Th (562 to 4010 ppm), RaeU (495 to 1544 ppm) and K (1.38 to 9.12%) ranged considerably with an average of 1700 ppm, 2881.86 ppm, 1171.82 ppm and 5.04%, respectively. Relationships among radioelements clarify that radioactive mineralization in the studied pegmatites is magmatic and hydrothermal. A positive equilibrium condition confirms uranium addition to the studied rocks. This study determined 226Ra, 232Th and 40K activity concentrations in pegmatites samples and assessed the radiological risks associated with these rocks. The activity concentrations of 226Ra (13,176 ± 4394 Bq kg−1), 232Th (11,883 ± 5644 Bq kg−1) and 40K (1573 ± 607 Bq kg−1) in pegmatites samples (P) are greater than the global average. The high activity of the mineralized pegmatite is mainly attributed to the presence of uranium mineral (autunite), uranophane, kasolite and carnotite, thorium minerals (thorite, thorianite and uranothorite) as well as accessories minerals—such as zircon and monazite. To assess the dangerous effects of pegmatites in the studied area, various radiological hazard factors (external, internal hazard indices, radium equivalent activity and annual effective dose) are estimated. The investigated samples almost surpassed the recommended allowable thresholds for all of the environmental factors.
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Yang J, Sun Y. Natural radioactivity and dose assessment in surface soil from Guangdong, a high background radiation province in China. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2022.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Natural Radionuclide Concentrations by γ-Ray Spectrometry in Granitic Rocks of the Sol Hamed Area, Southeastern Desert of Egypt, and Their Radiological Implications. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12030294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of heavy radioactive minerals in construction supplies such as granite has drawn attention to the extraction of heavy radioactive minerals. Granitic rocks were identified to serve an essential economic role in the study area’s surrounding locations. As a result, the current study attempted to detect the activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in the granitic rock samples tested and estimate the radiological dangers associated with these rocks. The obtained data on activity concentrations for 238U (610 ± 1730 Bq kg−1), 232Th (110 ± 69 Bq kg−1) and 40K (1157 ± 467 Bq kg−1) in the granitic samples (GR) were higher than the recommended worldwide average. The radioactive levels found in the samples were caused by radioactive materials being altered and trapped inside granite faults. The exposure to gamma radiation from the granitic rocks were assessed via various radiological parameters, such as radium equivalent content (856 Bq kg−1), absorbed dose rate (Dair) in the air (396 nGy/h), and annual effective dose for either outdoor (0.48 mSv y−1) or indoor (1.9 mSv y−1). Statistical analysis was performed to detect the correlations between radioactive concentrations and radiological parameters. The radioactive effects contributed by the uranium minerals were associated with the granitic rocks. Based on the analysis, the radioactive levels in the examined granitic surpassed the acceptable limits; therefore, they are not safe to use in building and infrastructure applications and may cause adverse health effects.
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Afzal I, Chaudhary MZ, Khan EU, Nasir T, Yaqoob N. Radiological risk assessment in sediment of Namal Lake, Mianwali, Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:223. [PMID: 35217922 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09881-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study is concentrated on the radiological risk assessment of sixteen surface sediment samples recovered from Namal Lake, District Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan. The activity of 137Cs, 40 K, 226Ra, 228Ra, and 232Th was carried out with the help of a high purity germanium detector (HPGe) in the sediment, varied in the ranges of > 0.02-3.73 ± 1.31, 98.32 ± 21.45-341.02 ± 58.67, 18.34 ± 2.16-34.23 ± 4.34, 1.62 ± .30-2.34 ± .52, and 0.14 ± 0.10-2.34 ± 0.59 Bq kg-1 with average values 0.74 ± 0.29, 237.26 ± 37.97, 25.06 ± 4.74, 1.97 ± 0.39, and 1.73 ± 0.33 Bq kg-1, respectively. The measured concentrations in the current study have been compared with other earlier studies in the world. The data was also used for determining the other useful parameters like radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose rate, and external and internal hazards index to assess the radiological risk assessment for the environment around the study area. The ERICA Tool software was also applied for radiological risk assessment for lake fish due to the radioactivity present in the lake sediments. It was concluded from the results of ERICA tool that the risk quotient in this study is less than one indicating that no toxic effects of radioactivity for Namal Lake fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Afzal
- Institute of Physics, Gomal University, D. I. Khan, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Tabassum Nasir
- Institute of Physics, Gomal University, D. I. Khan, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Yaqoob
- Isotope Application Division, PINSTECH, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Sathish V, Chandrasekaran A, Manigandan S, Tamilarasi A, Thangam V. Assessment of natural radiation hazards and function of heat production rate in lake sediments of Puliyanthangal Lake surrounding the Ranipet industrial area, Tamil Nadu. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08207-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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31
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Assessment of Radioactive Materials in Albite Granites from Abu Rusheid and Um Naggat, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to assess Abu Rusheid and Um Naggat albite granite’s natural radioactivity in the Central Eastern Desert, Egypt, using an HPGe laboratory spectrometer. A total of 17 albite granite samples were detected for this study. The activity concentrations were estimated for 238U (range from 204 to 1127 Bq/kg), 226Ra (range from 215 to 1300 Bq/kg), 232Th (from 130 to 1424 Bq/kg) and 40K (from 1108 to 2167 Bq/kg) for Abu Rusheid area. Furthermore 238U (range from 80 to 800 Bq/kg), 226Ra (range from 118 to 1017 Bq/kg), 232Th (from 58 to 674 Bq/kg) and 40K (from 567 to 2329 Bq/kg) for the Um Naggat area. The absorbed dose rates in the outdoor air were measured with average values of 740 nGy/h for Abu Rusheid albite granite and 429 nGy/h for Um Naggat albite granite. The activity concentration and gamma-ray exposure dose rates of the radioactive elements 238U, 226Ra, 232Th and 40K at Abu Rusheid and Um Naggat exceeded the worldwide average values that recommend the necessity of radiation protection regulation. Moreover, the corresponding outdoor annual effective dose (AEDout) was calculated to be 0.9 and 0.5 mSv y−1 for Abu Rusheid and Um Naggat albite granite, respectively, which are lower than the permissible level (1 mSv y−1). By contrast, the indoor annual effective dose (AEDin) exceeded the recommended limit (3.6 and 2.1 for Abu Rusheid and Um Naggat, respectively). Therefore, the two areas are slightly saving for development projects concerning the use of the studied rocks. The statistical analysis displays that the effects of the radiological hazard are associated with the uranium and thorium activity concentrations in Abu Rusheid and Um Naggat albite granites.
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Giustini F, Ruggiero L, Sciarra A, Beaubien SE, Graziani S, Galli G, Pizzino L, Tartarello MC, Lucchetti C, Sirianni P, Tuccimei P, Voltaggio M, Bigi S, Ciotoli G. Radon Hazard in Central Italy: Comparison among Areas with Different Geogenic Radon Potential. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:666. [PMID: 35055494 PMCID: PMC8776171 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Radon (222Rn) is a natural radioactive gas formed in rocks and soil by the decay of its parent nuclide (238-Uranium). The rate at which radon migrates to the surface, be it along faults or directly emanated from shallow soil, represents the Geogenic Radon Potential (GRP) of an area. Considering that the GRP is often linked to indoor radon risk levels, we have conducted multi-disciplinary research to: (i) define local GRPs and investigate their relationship with associated indoor Rn levels; (ii) evaluate inhaled radiation dosages and the associated risk to the inhabitants; and (iii) define radon priority areas (RPAs) as required by the Directive 2013/59/Euratom. In the framework of the EU-funded LIFE-Respire project, a large amount of data (radionuclide content, soil gas samples, terrestrial gamma, indoor radon) was collected from three municipalities located in different volcanic districts of the Lazio region (central Italy) that are characterised by low to high GRP. Results highlight the positive correlation between the radionuclide content of the outcropping rocks, the soil Rn concentrations and the presence of high indoor Rn values in areas with medium to high GRP. Data confirm that the Cimini-Vicani area has inhalation dosages that are higher than the reference value of 10 mSv/y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giustini
- National Research Council, Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering, CNR-IGAG, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Livio Ruggiero
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stan Eugene Beaubien
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Sapienza-Università di Roma, DST-Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Graziani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Sapienza-Università di Roma, DST-Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Galli
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Pizzino
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Tartarello
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Sapienza-Università di Roma, DST-Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Lucchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Sapienza-Università di Roma, DST-Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Sirianni
- National Research Council, Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering, CNR-IGAG, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Tuccimei
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università di Roma Tre, 00154 Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Voltaggio
- National Research Council, Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering, CNR-IGAG, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Bigi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Sapienza-Università di Roma, DST-Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Ciotoli
- National Research Council, Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering, CNR-IGAG, 00015 Rome, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 00143 Rome, Italy
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Abdul Sani S, Muhamad Azim M, Marzuki A, Khandaker M, Almugren K, Daar E, Alkallas F, Bradley D. Radioactivity and elemental concentrations of natural and commercial salt. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abed NS, Monsif MA, Zakaly HMH, Awad HA, Hessien MM, Yap CK. Assessing the Radiological Risks Associated with High Natural Radioactivity of Microgranitic Rocks: A Case Study in a Northeastern Desert of Egypt. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19010473. [PMID: 35010735 PMCID: PMC8744596 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the radiological hazards of uranium (238U), thorium (232Th), and potassium (40K) in microgranitic rocks from the southeastern part of Wadi Baroud, a northeastern desert of Egypt. The activity concentrations of the measured radionuclides were determined by using a gamma-ray spectrometer (NaI-Tl-activated detector). The mean (238U), (232Th), and (40K) concentrations in the studied rocks were found to be 3680.3, 3635.2, and 822.76 Bq/kg, respectively. The contents in these rocks were elevated, reaching up to 6.3 wt%. This indicated the alkaline nature of these rocks. The high ratios of Th/U in the mineralized rocks could be related to late magmatic mineralization, suggesting the ascent of late magmatic fluids through weak planes such as faults and the contact of these rocks with older granites. The present data were higher than those of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) guideline limits. All the radiological hazard results indicated high human health risks. This confirmed that this area is not radiologically safe, and care must be taken when working in this area. This study showed that the area under investigation had high U content suitable for uranium extraction that could be used in the nuclear fuel cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neveen S. Abed
- Geochemical Exploration Department, Nuclear Materials Authority, El-Maadi, Cairo P.O. Box 530, Egypt; (N.S.A.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Mohamed Abdel Monsif
- Geochemical Exploration Department, Nuclear Materials Authority, El-Maadi, Cairo P.O. Box 530, Egypt; (N.S.A.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Hesham M. H. Zakaly
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
- Correspondence: or (H.M.H.Z.); or (C.K.Y.)
| | - Hamdy A. Awad
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Southern Federal University, Zorge St., 40, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia;
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit Branch, Assuit 71524, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Hessien
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Chee Kong Yap
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Correspondence: or (H.M.H.Z.); or (C.K.Y.)
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Health Hazards Assessment and Geochemistry of ElSibai-Abu ElTiyur Granites, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112412002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a thorough radio- and chem-ecological evaluation of ElSibai-Abu ElTiyur granites located within Egypt’s crystalline basement rocks was conducted for risk and dose assessments. Twenty granitic samples from the study area’s various lithological units were analyzed using high-resolution γ-ray spectrometry to determine the natural radioisotopes (U-238, Th-232, and K-40) concentrations. The average concentrations of U-238, Th-232, and K-40 were 38.72, 38.23, and 860.71 Bq/kg, respectively, exceeding the GAV (global average value) documented by UNSCEAR (Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, Vienna, Austria). The radiological parameters and indices judging the usage of ElSibai-Abu ElTiyur granites in homes were computed. The obtained results showed that ElSibai-Abu ElTiyur granites are safe to be used by inhabitants as superficial building materials, as per the globally accepted values and the recommended safety limits approved by UNSEAR, WHO (World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland), ICRP (International Commission on Radiological Protection, Ottawa, ON, Canada), and EC (European Commission, Luxembourg). Further, the samples were subjected to ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) analysis for quantifying radionuclide variations with chemical composition. Geochemically based on the ICP-MS results, the studied granites proved to be highly evolved A-type granites. They span the metaluminous to peralkaline fields. The REE patterns are characterized by the enrichment of the light rare earths (LREE) over the heavy ones (HREE) where (La/Yb)n = 5.2, (Gd/Yb)n = 1.63 with pronounced negative Eu-anomalies (Eu/Eu*)n = 0.49. The albite granite exhibits the highest concentrations of Ga, Nb, Ta, U, and Y, and REE (Gd, Dy, Ho, Yb) than the Na-metasomatic granites. Finally, the obtained data serve as a valuable future database for finding out the compatibility of the geochemical data with the natural radioactivity levels of granites.
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Radiological Investigation on Sediments: A Case Study of Wadi Rod Elsayalla the Southeastern Desert of Egypt. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112411884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The presence of heavy radioactive minerals in the studied granitoids from which the Wadi sediments leads to the study of the exposure to emitted gamma rays from the terrestrial radionuclides, such as 238U, 232Th, and 40K. The geological study revealed that the Wadi sediments derived from the surrounding granitoids, such as syenogranite, alkali feldspar granite, and quartz syenite. The mineral analysis confirmed that the granitoids were enriched with radioactive minerals, such as uranothorite as well as monazite, zircon, yttrocolumbite, and allanite. The mean activity of the 238U, 232Th, and 40K concentrations are 62.2 ± 20.8, 84.2 ± 23.3, and 949.4 ± 172.5 Bq kg−1, respectively, for the investigated Wadi sediments, exceeding the reported limit of 33, 45 and 412 Bq kg−1, respectively. Public exposure to emitted gamma radiation is detected by estimating many radiological hazard indices, such as the radium equivalent content (Raeq), external and internal hazard indices (Hex and Hin), annual effective dose (AED), annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE), and excess lifetime cancer (ELCR). The obtained results of the radiological hazards parameters showed that public exposure to emitted gamma radiation can induce various dangerous health effects. Thus, the application of the investigated sediments in different building materials and infrastructures fields is not safe. A multivariate statistical analysis (MSA) was applied to detect radionuclide correlations with the radiological hazard parameters estimated in the granite samples.
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Attia RS, Abd El-Halim ES, El Aassy IE, El-Shershaby A, Abdel Ghany HA. Potential radiation hazards of sedimentary rocks in southwestern Sinai, Egypt. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-08101-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abdel Karim M, Gafaar I, Abd El-Halim E, Hanfi M, Walley El-Dine N. Natural radioactivity and radiological implications of granite rocks, El-Sela area, Southeastern Desert, Egypt. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07992-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Radomirović M, Stanković S, Mandić M, Jović M, Mandić LJ, Dragović S, Onjia A. Spatial distribution, radiological risk assessment and positive matrix factorization of gamma-emitting radionuclides in the sediment of the Boka Kotorska Bay. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 169:112491. [PMID: 34049066 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Surface sediment from the Boka Kotorska Bay (Adriatic Sea) was analyzed for the content of technogenic cesium (137Cs) and naturally occurring (40K, 226Ra, 232Th, 238U) radionuclides. The activity concentrations of the radionuclides have been correlated with the major elements (Si, Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Ti, P, Mn) content of sediment samples. The spatial interpolation identified primordial radioactivity more pronounced in the inland of the bay. Correlation and hierarchical cluster analyses clearly distinguished 226Ra, 232Th, and 238U from 137Cs. In addition, a strong association between primordial radionuclides and most major elements was found. Positive matrix factorization apportioned technogenic and natural radionuclides sources, while Si and Ca were separated from other elements. Radiological hazard parameters (Raeq, D, AEDE, Hin, Hex, AGDE, AUI) that include the doses and indices, and the excess lifetime cancer risk indicate that the risk in the studied area due to gamma radiation is within the acceptable level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Radomirović
- Innovation Center of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavka Stanković
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Mandić
- Institute of Marine Biology, University of Montenegro, 85330 Kotor, Montenegro
| | - Mihajlo Jović
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Janković Mandić
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana Dragović
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Antonije Onjia
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Ahmed IK, Khalaf HNB, Ambrosino F, Mostafa MYA. Fly ash radiological characterization from thermal power plants in Iraq. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07907-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hanfi MY, Masoud MS, Ambrosino F, Mostafa MY. Natural radiological characterization at the Gabal El Seila region (Egypt). Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 173:109705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Suliman II, Alsafi K. Radiological Risk to Human and Non-Human Biota Due to Radioactivity in Coastal Sand and Marine Sediments, Gulf of Oman. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:549. [PMID: 34208166 PMCID: PMC8230884 DOI: 10.3390/life11060549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural and 137Cs radioactivity in coastal marine sediment samples was measured using gamma spectrometry. Samples were collected at 16 locations from four beaches along the coastal area of Muscat City, Gulf of Oman. Radioactivity in beach sand was used to estimate the radiological risk parameters to humans, whereas the radioactivity in marine sediments was used to assess the radiological risk parameters to non-human biota, using the ERICA Tool. The average radioactivity concentrations (Bqkg-1) of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 210Pb and 137Cs in sediments (sand) were as follows: 16.2 (16.3), 34.5(27.8), 54.7 (45.6), 46.8 (44.9) and 0.08 (0.10), respectively. In sand samples, the estimated average indoor (Din) and outdoor (Dout) air absorbed dose rates due to natural radioactivity were 49.26 and 27.4 and the total effective dose (AEDTotal; µSvy-1) ranged from 150.2 to 498.9 (average: 275.2). The measured radioactivity resulted in an excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) in the range of 58-203 (average: 111) in and an average gonadal dose (AGD; µGy.y-1) ranged from 97.3 to 329.5 (average: 181.1). Total dose rate per marine organism ranged from 0.035 µGy h-1 (in zooplankton) to 0.564 µGy h-1 (in phytoplankton). The results showed marine sediments as an important source of radiation exposure to biota in the aquatic environment. Regular monitoring of radioactivity levels is vital for radiation risk confinement. The results provide an important radiological risk profile parameter to which future radioactivity levels in marine environments can be compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim I. Suliman
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11642, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alsafi
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics Unit, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80215, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
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Korany KA, Masoud AM, Rushdy OE, Alrowaili ZA, Hassanein FH, Taha MH. Phosphate, phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum natural radioactivity and radiological hazards parameters. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07796-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Gaafar I, Hanfi M, El-Ahll LS, Zeidan I. Assessment of radiation hazards from phosphate rocks, Sibaiya area, central eastern desert, Egypt. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 173:109734. [PMID: 33906114 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present work used the integrated Carbone γ-ray spectrometric data and HPGe γ-ray spectrometer data to the prospect of radioactive zones at the Sibaiya area, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt. Carbone γ-ray spectrometric survey revealed ten uranium anomalies distributed along the car traverse from west to east direction have values of 240, 104, 44, 34, 150, 124, 232, 132, 60, and 90 ppm, respectively. These significant anomalies are associated mainly with phosphates mines characterized by a substantial increase of eU/eTh and eU/K ratios. Ten phosphate samples were collected from the determining anomalies. They were analyzed using the HPGe detector gamma-ray spectrometer. It was found that the results of radioelement concentrations by carborne survey agree well with that obtained by HPGe. The average activity concentration for the Sibaiya phosphate samples under study is 152.5, 947, and 33.2 Bq/kg against the worldwide accepted limit of 412, 33, and 45 Bq/kg for 40K, 238U, and 232Th, respectively. The radium equivalent ranges from 499 to 3484.9 Bq/kg, which is higher than the recommended value 370 Bq/kg. The external hazard's (Hex) calculated values range from 1.35 to 9.42 mGy/yr, and the internal hazard (Hin) ranges from 2.58 to 18.69. These indexes must be lower than unity to keep the radiation hazard insignificant. The value of the radioactivity level index (Iγ) is found to be more than unity, which varies between 1.68 and 11.63. The dose rate (DR) ranges from 149.5 to 970 nGy/h, higher than the international mean value of 55 nGy/h. The annual effective dose ranges from 0.18 to 1.19 mSv, which less than unity in almost all values. Meanwhile, the values of activity of 226Ra ranged from 454 to 3429 Bq/kg and the mean of mass radon exhalation rate (Jm) is 6615 mBq kg-1 h-1 which is lower than the worldwide average.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed Hanfi
- Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo Egypt; Ural Federal University, Mira Street 19, 620002, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
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Hanfi MYM, Masoud MS, Sayyed MI, Khandaker MU, Faruque MRI, Bradley DA, Mostafa MYA. The presence of radioactive heavy minerals in prospecting trenches and concomitant occupational exposure. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249329. [PMID: 33788889 PMCID: PMC8011763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Uranium, perhaps the most strategically important component of heavy minerals, finds particular significance in the nuclear industry. In prospecting trenches, the radioactivity of 238U and 232Th provides a good signature of the presence of heavy minerals. In the work herein, the activity concentrations of several key primordial radionuclides (238U, 232Th, and 40K) were measured in prospecting trenches (each of the latter being of approximately the same geometry and physical situation). All of these are located in the Seila area of the South Eastern desert of Egypt. A recently introduced industry standard, the portable hand-held RS-230 BGO gamma-ray spectrometer (1024 channels) was employed in the study. Based on the measured data, the trenches were classified as either non-regulated (U activity less than 1000 Bq kg-1) or regulated (with 238U activity more than 1000 Bq kg-1). Several radiological hazard parameters were calculated, statistical analysis also being performed to examine correlations between the origins of the radionuclides and their influence on the calculated values. While the radioactivity and hazard parameters exceed United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) guided limits, the mean annual effective doses of 0.49 and 1.4 mSv y-1 in non-regulated and regulated trenches respectively remain well below the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommended 20 mSv/y maximum occupational limit. This investigation reveals that the studied area contains high uranium content, suitable for extraction of U-minerals for use in the nuclear fuel cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M. I. Sayyed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - D. A. Bradley
- Space Science Centre (ANGKASA), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
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Gamma spectrometric measurement of natural radionuclides and associated radiation hazards in soil of small-scale paddy farms along Enugu-Abakaliki express way, Southeastern Nigeria. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07671-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abojassim AA. Radiological Risk Assessment of Radon Gas in Bricks Samples in Iraq. JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND RADIATION SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4049051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Naturally occurring radioactive radon gas is produced from radioactive decay of naturally radioactive element radium and emits alpha particles. The radon gas is the main source of natural background radiation that contributes to about more than 60% of the annual radiation dose to humans on Earth. In this research, radon concentrations (222Rn) in brick samples that are available in Iraqi markets were measured using solid state nuclear track (CR-39). Also, uranium-238 (238U), radium-226 (226Ra) were calculated in all samples under study together with some radiation parameters such as exhalation of radon gas rate (FO), annual effective dose (DRn), and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR). It was found that, the average value of 222Rn, 238U, and 226Ra concentrations in studied samples were 48.75 ± 10.61 Bq/m3, 0.084 ± 0.02 ppm, and 115.57 ± 29.60 mBq/kg, respectively. Also, it was found that the average of each of FO, DRn, and ELCR were 27.54 ± 5.99 μBq/m2.h, 0.88 ± 0.17 nSv/y, and (3.01 ± 0.65)×10−3, respectively. After data analysis, the resulted data were examined and compared with the global average and the permissible limits which recommended by the international scientific agencies such as International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP 2010), United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR 2017), Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD 2009). It was found that radiation levels from brick samples used in local markets for most models fell within the permissible limits and may not cause any danger to human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abid Abojassim
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq
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Gamma dose monitoring to assess the excess lifetime cancer risk in western Himalaya. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07647-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Özdemir Öge T, Özdemir FB, Öge M. Assessment of environmental radioactivity in soil samples from Bartın Province, Turkey. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Khan R, Islam HMT, Islam ARMT. Mechanism of elevated radioactivity in Teesta river basin from Bangladesh: Radiochemical characterization, provenance and associated hazards. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128459. [PMID: 33032211 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a river basin (Teesta River, Bangladesh) which possesses significantly higher radioactivity compared to other freshwater basins around the globe. A total of thirty sediment samples were collected to determine the naturally occurring radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, and 4 K)and elemental abundances using the HPGe gamma spectrometry and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), respectively. To understand the provenance of higher radioactivity, the compositional elements (Sc, Ti, V, Fe, La, Ce, Sm, Eu, Dy, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, Th, and U) of heavy minerals are thoroughly studied, where ∑REEs (rare earth elements), Hf, Ta, Th, and U are ∼2 times higher than the crustal values with negative Ce and Eu anomalies. Mechanism to co-occurrence among radioactivity concentrations and REEs has been explored in this work. Enrichment of light rare earth elements ( × 2.01 UCC) and thorium ( × 2.8 UCC), and Th/U (=5.54 ± 1.05), 232Th/4 K ratio and statistical analyses demonstrate the presence of heavy minerals with monazite predominance. Accumulations of these minerals are most likely due to the fluvial suspended sediments transported by the hydrodynamic forces from up-stream. Elemental ratios including La/V, Th/Yb, Th/Sc, and Hf/Sc confirm the dominance of felsic-source over the mafic-components and the source of sediment has experienced major recycling and sorting during transportation. Evaluation of radiological risks invokes ionizing radiation related hazards to the local inhabitants and the householders residing in the buildings comprised with sandy river sediments. However, minute probability of REEs, Th, and U entrance to the human body through food chain can cause trivial health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Khan
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh.
| | - H M Touhidul Islam
- Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh; Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh
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