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Vetrova MV, Cheng DM, Bendiks S, Gnatienko N, Lloyd-Travaglini C, Jiang W, Luoma J, Blokhina E, Krupitsky E, Lioznov D, Ekstrand ML, Raj A, Samet JH, Lunze K. HIV and Substance Use Stigma, Intersectional Stigma and Healthcare Among HIV-Positive PWID in Russia. AIDS Behav 2021; 25:2815-2826. [PMID: 33506305 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the intersection of HIV stigma and substance use stigma. Using data from 188 HIV-positive people who inject drugs (PWID) in Russia, we examined the associations of these stigmas and their interaction with access and utilization of healthcare. While substance use stigma was significantly associated with poor access to care (AOR 2.31, 95%CI 1.50-3.57), HIV stigma was not. HIV stigma was associated with lower inpatient care utilization (AOR 0.32, 95%CI 0.14-0.65), while substance use stigma was not. We did not detect a significant interaction between the two forms of stigma for either of the primary outcomes. However, those with high levels of both substance use stigma and HIV stigma had higher odds of poor general access to healthcare (AOR 1.86, 95%CI 1.19-2.92), and lower odds of recent general outpatient (AOR 0.52, 95%CI 0.32-0.85) and any inpatient (AOR 0.48, 95%CI 0.22-0.99) care utilization compared to those with low levels of both types of stigma. Interventions addressing both substance use and HIV stigma in general healthcare settings might improve care in this HIV key population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Vetrova
- Laboratory of Clinical Psychopharmacology of Addictions, First Pavlov State Medical, University of Saint Petersburg, 6-8 Lev Tolstoy Street, St. Petersburg, Russia, 197022.
- Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | - Wenqing Jiang
- School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - Jason Luoma
- Portland Psychotherapy Clinic, Research, & Training Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Elena Blokhina
- Laboratory of Clinical Psychopharmacology of Addictions, First Pavlov State Medical, University of Saint Petersburg, 6-8 Lev Tolstoy Street, St. Petersburg, Russia, 197022
| | - Evgeny Krupitsky
- Laboratory of Clinical Psychopharmacology of Addictions, First Pavlov State Medical, University of Saint Petersburg, 6-8 Lev Tolstoy Street, St. Petersburg, Russia, 197022
- Department of Addiction, Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry Lioznov
- Laboratory of Clinical Psychopharmacology of Addictions, First Pavlov State Medical, University of Saint Petersburg, 6-8 Lev Tolstoy Street, St. Petersburg, Russia, 197022
| | - Maria L Ekstrand
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- St. John's Research Institute, St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Anita Raj
- Center on Gender Equity and Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Samet
- Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA
- School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, USA
- School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, USA
| | - Karsten Lunze
- Boston Medical Center, Boston, USA
- School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, USA
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Granerud A, Toft H. Opioid dependency rehabilitation with the opioid maintenance treatment programme - a qualitative study from the clients' perspective. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2015; 10:35. [PMID: 26374128 PMCID: PMC4571127 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-015-0031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) is the most widely used treatment for opioid dependence. The opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) programme represents an opportunity for people who are opioid users to minimize the many negative health and societal outcomes associated with opioid use through meeting the physiological need of their bodies for opioids. The purpose of this study is to shed some light on how clients in the Norwegian OMT programme see their level of influence on their own treatment. METHOD It is a qualitative enquiry using semi-structured interviews of seven OMT clients living in various locations in Norway. The analysis of the material utilized a grounded theory-inspired approach. RESULTS This study show that the clients who were part of the OMT programme had better lives than people with untreated addictions did. However, the participants experienced having to play by the rules of the OMT programme if they wanted to have successful treatment. This resulted in varying degrees of dissatisfaction with the treatment. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated that the clients felt objectified and disenfranchised in the OMT programme, and points out the low level of influence on their own treatment felt by the OMT clients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helge Toft
- Innlandet Hospital Trust, Divisjon Psykisk Helsevern, Postboks 104, NO-2381, Brumunddal, Norway.
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Aghakhani N, Eftekhari A, Zarei A, Moradi Y, Torabizadeh C. A Study of the Male High School Male Students’ Knowledge and Attitude to Addiction in Urmia, Iran, 2013. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2015. [DOI: 10.17795/intjsh-23772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Liu Y, Li L, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Shen W, Xü H, Wang G, Lü W, Zhou W. Assessment of attitudes towards methadone maintenance treatment between heroin users at a compulsory detoxification centre and methadone maintenance clinic in Ningbo, China. SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PREVENTION AND POLICY 2013; 8:29. [PMID: 23915360 PMCID: PMC3750876 DOI: 10.1186/1747-597x-8-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background In China, the Compulsory Detoxification Centres are the main response for people who use illegal drugs. Due to high relapse rates among people released from the Compulsory Detoxification Centres, it is likely that they may seek medical help, including Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) services, at some point. Therefore, better understanding of the attitudes and beliefs of people in the Compulsory Detoxification Centres can help to provide more adequate response to opioid dependence. Methods In total, 329 detained heroin users and 112 active MMT clients were recruited from a local Compulsory Detoxification Centre and MMT clinic, respectively. The survey contained specific questions relating to attitudes and beliefs regarding MMT. Results Participants at the Compulsory Detoxification Centre and the MMT clinic expressed different opinions, regarding positive and negative attitudes and beliefs towards MMT. In addition, participants from both sites hold certain negative attitudes and beliefs about methadone despite their acknowledgement of the positive effects of MMT. Finally, participants at the Compulsory Detoxification Centre and the MMT clinic reported distinctive treatment preferences, with the former preferring community-based treatment and the latter MMT. Conclusions Developing targeted education about MMT for people at the Compulsory Detoxification Centres could help improve access to accurate and evidence-based health and treatment information. The study may also help providers understand and adjust services needed for target population in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, 818 Fenghua Street, Jiangbei District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Van Hout MC, Bingham T. A Qualitative Study of Prescribing Doctor Experiences of Methadone Maintenance Treatment. Int J Ment Health Addict 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-013-9436-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Klingemann H, Schläfli K, Eggli P, Stutz S. Drinking Episodes during Abstinence-oriented Inpatient Treatment: Dual Perspectives of Patients and Therapists—A Qualitative Analysis†. Alcohol Alcohol 2013; 48:322-8. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agt005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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De Maeyer J, Vanderplasschen W, Lammertyn J, van Nieuwenhuizen C, Broekaert E. Exploratory study on domain-specific determinants of opiate-dependent individuals' quality of life. Eur Addict Res 2011; 17:198-210. [PMID: 21576964 DOI: 10.1159/000324353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Studies on determinants of quality of life (QoL) among opiate-dependent individuals are scarce. Moreover, findings concerning the role of severity of drug use are inconsistent. This exploratory study investigates the association between domain-specific QoL and demographic, social, person, health and drug-related variables, and potential indirect effects of current heroin use on opiate-dependent individuals' QoL. METHODS A cohort of opiate-dependent individuals who started outpatient methadone treatment at least 5 years previously (n = 159) were interviewed about their current QoL, psychological distress, satisfaction with methadone treatment and the severity of drug-related problems using the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Verona Service Satisfaction Scale for Methadone Treatment and the EuropASI. RESULTS None of the QoL domains were defined by the same compilation of determinants. No direct effect of current heroin use on QoL was retained, but path analyses demonstrated its indirect effects on the domains of 'living situation', 'finances' and 'leisure and social participation'. CONCLUSION These findings illustrate the particularity of each QoL domain and the need for a multidimensional approach to the concept. The relationship between current heroin use and various domains of opiate-dependent individuals' QoL is complex, indirect and mediated by psychosocial and treatment-related variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- J De Maeyer
- Department of Orthopedagogics, Ghent University, Belgium. Jessica.demaeyer @ ugent.be
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McDonnell A, Van Hout M. Maze and minefield — a grounded theory of opiate self‐detoxification in rural Ireland. DRUGS AND ALCOHOL TODAY 2010. [DOI: 10.5042/daat.2010.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Remien RH, Berkman A, Myer L, Bastos FI, Kagee A, El-Sadr WM. Integrating HIV care and HIV prevention: legal, policy and programmatic recommendations. AIDS 2008; 22 Suppl 2:S57-65. [PMID: 18641470 PMCID: PMC2788755 DOI: 10.1097/01.aids.0000327437.13291.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Since the start of the HIV epidemic we have witnessed significant advances in our understanding of the impact of HIV disease worldwide. Furthermore, breakthroughs in treatment and the rapid expansion of HIV care and treatment programmes in heavily impacted countries over the past 5 years are potentially critical assets in a comprehensive approach to controlling the continued spread of HIV globally. A strategic approach to controlling the epidemic requires continued and comparable expansion and integration of care, treatment and prevention programmes. As every new infection involves transmission, whether vertically or horizontally, from a person living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), the integration of HIV prevention into HIV care settings has the potential to prevent thousands of new infections, as well as to improve the lives of PLWHA. In this paper, we highlight how to better utilize opportunities created by the antiretroviral roll-out to achieve more effective prevention, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. We offer specific recommendations for action in the domains of healthcare policy and practice in order better to utilize the advances in HIV treatment to advance HIV prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Remien
- HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, NY State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
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Bobrova N, Rughnikov U, Neifeld E, Rhodes T, Alcorn R, Kirichenko S, Power R. Challenges in providing drug user treatment services in Russia: providers' views. Subst Use Misuse 2008; 43:1770-84. [PMID: 19016164 DOI: 10.1080/10826080802289291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The estimated number of opiate users in Russia is 2,000,000 and heroin consumption is continuing to increase. The Russian government is discussing the initiation of compulsory treatment to bring illegal drug users to the treatment services. At the same time, there is no access to the evidence-based treatment for opiate addiction such as methadone and buprenorphine maintenance programs. Qualitative interviews were conducted with drug user treatment service providers (N = 35) in Barnaul, Volgograd, and Yekaterinburg, Russia, in 2003-2004 to examine their views on drug user treatment services in Russia. The framework approach was used in data collection and analysis. Study participants identified major challenges in service provision for drug using population, including lack of resources, rehabilitation programs, and social support. It also depicted ambivalent attitudes toward compulsory treatment and clients' registration. The Russian drug user treatment system desperately needs resources allocation to provide quality care and diversify in its services in order to achieve long-term recovery. At this stage, it seems unreasonable to initiate compulsory treatment as is advocated by some government officials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Bobrova
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
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