1
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Flajnik MF, Stanfield R, Pokidysheva EN, Boudko SP, Wilson I, Ohta Y. An Ancient MHC-Linked Gene Encodes a Nonrearranging Shark Antibody, UrIg, Convergent with IgG. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 211:1042-1051. [PMID: 37540118 PMCID: PMC10530332 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Gnathostome adaptive immunity is defined by the Ag receptors, Igs and TCRs, and the MHC. Cartilaginous fish are the oldest vertebrates with these adaptive hallmarks. We and others have unearthed nonrearranging Ag receptor-like genes in several vertebrates, some of which are encoded in the MHC or in MHC paralogous regions. One of these genes, named UrIg, was detected in the class III region of the shark MHC that encodes a protein with typical V and C domains such as those found in conventional Igs and TCRs. As no transmembrane region was detected in gene models or cDNAs, the protein does not appear to act as a receptor. Unlike some other shark Ig genes, the UrIg V region shows no evidence of RAG-mediated rearrangement, and thus it is likely related to other V genes that predated the invasion of the RAG transposon. The UrIg gene is present in all elasmobranchs and evolves conservatively, unlike Igs and TCRs. Also, unlike Ig/TCR, the gene is not expressed in secondary lymphoid tissues, but mainly in the liver. Recombinant forms of the molecule form disulfide-linked homodimers, which is the form also detected in many shark tissues by Western blotting. mAbs specific for UrIg identify the protein in the extracellular matrix of several shark tissues by immunohistochemistry. We propose that UrIg is related to the V gene invaded by the RAG transposon, consistent with the speculation of emergence of Ig/TCR within the MHC or proto-MHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin F Flajnik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Robyn Stanfield
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Elena N Pokidysheva
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Center for Matrix Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Sergei P Boudko
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Center for Matrix Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Ian Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yuko Ohta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
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2
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Maas SL, Megens RTA, van der Vorst EPC. Ex Vivo Perfusion System to Analyze Chemokine-Driven Leukocyte Adhesion. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2597:59-75. [PMID: 36374414 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2835-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
At the moment, many researchers are using in vitro techniques to investigate chemokine-driven leukocyte adhesion/recruitment, for example, by using a transwell or flow chamber system. Here we describe a more physiologically relevant, sophisticated, and highly flexible method to study leukocyte adhesion ex vivo in fresh murine carotid arteries under arterial flow conditions. This model mimics an in vivo situation and allows the combination of leukocytes and arteries isolated from different donors in one experiment, generating information on both vascular and leukocyte adhesive properties of both donors. This method provides a versatile, highly physiologically relevant model to investigate leukocyte adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne L Maas
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Remco T A Megens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME), Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Emiel P C van der Vorst
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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3
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Koch SE, Verhaegh FLP, Smink S, Mihăilă SM, Bouten C, Smits A. Donor Heterogeneity in the Human Macrophage Response to a Biomaterial under Hyperglycemia in vitro. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2022; 28:440-456. [PMID: 35658619 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2022.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages have a commanding role in scaffold-driven in situ tissue regeneration. Depending on their polarization state, macrophages mediate the formation and remodeling of new tissue by secreting growth factors and cytokines. Therefore, successful outcomes of material-driven in situ tissue vascular tissue engineering depends largely on the immuno-regenerative potential of the recipient. A large cohort of patients requiring vascular replacements suffers from systemic multifactorial diseases, like diabetes, which gives rise to a hyperglycemic and aggressive oxidative inflammatory environment that is hypothesized to hamper a well-balanced regenerative process. Here, we aimed to fundamentally explore the effects of hyperglycemia, as one of the hallmarks of diabetes, on the macrophage response to 3D electrospun synthetic biomaterials for in situ tissue engineering, in terms of inflammatory profile and tissue regenerative capacity. To simulate the early phases of the in situ regenerative cascade, we used a bottom-up in vitro approach. Primary human macrophages (n=8 donors) and (myo)fibroblasts in mono- or co-culture were seeded in 2D, as well as in a 3D electrospun resorbable polycaprolactone bisurea (PCL-BU) scaffold and exposed to normoglycemic (5.5 mM glucose), hyperglycemic (25 mM glucose) and osmotic control conditions (5.5 mM glucose, 19.5 mM mannitol). The results showed that macrophage polarization by biochemical stimuli was effective under all glycemic conditions and that the polarization states dictated expression of the receptors SCL2A1 (glucose transporter 1) and CD36 (fatty acid transporter). In 3D, the macrophage response to hyperglycemic conditions was strongly donor-dependent in terms of phenotype, cytokine secretion profile, and metabolic receptor expression. When co-cultured with (myo)fibroblasts, hyperglycemic conditions led to an increased expression of fibrogenic markers (ACTA2, COL1, COL3, IL-1β). Together, these findings show that the hyperglycemic and hyperosmotic conditions may indeed influence the process of macrophage-driven in situ tissue engineering, and that the extent of this is likely to be patient-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne E Koch
- Eindhoven Univeristy of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven, Netherlands;
| | - Franka L P Verhaegh
- Eindhoven Univeristy of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven, Netherlands;
| | - Simone Smink
- Eindhoven Univeristy of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven, Netherlands;
| | - Silvia M Mihăilă
- Utrecht University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 84898, Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands;
| | - Carlijn Bouten
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, P.O.Box 513, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 5600MB.,Netherlands;
| | - Anthal Smits
- Eindhoven Univeristy of Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Den Dolech 2, Gemini-Zuid 3.116, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 5612AZ;
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4
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Fischer A, Wannemacher J, Christ S, Koopmans T, Kadri S, Zhao J, Gouda M, Ye H, Mück-Häusl M, Krenn PW, Machens HG, Fässler R, Neumann PA, Hauck SM, Rinkevich Y. Neutrophils direct preexisting matrix to initiate repair in damaged tissues. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:518-531. [PMID: 35354953 PMCID: PMC8986538 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Internal organs heal injuries with new connective tissue, but the cellular and molecular events of this process remain obscure. By tagging extracellular matrix around the mesothelium lining in mouse peritoneum, liver and cecum, here we show that preexisting matrix was transferred across organs into wounds in various injury models. Using proteomics, genetic lineage-tracing and selective injury in juxtaposed organs, we found that the tissue of origin for the transferred matrix likely dictated the scarring or regeneration of the healing tissue. Single-cell RNA sequencing and genetic and chemical screens indicated that the preexisting matrix was transferred by neutrophils dependent on the HSF-integrin AM/B2-kindlin3 cascade. Pharmacologic inhibition of this axis prevented matrix transfer and the formation of peritoneal adhesions. Matrix transfer was thus an early event of wound repair and provides a therapeutic window to dampen scaring across a range of conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Fischer
- Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), München, Germany
| | - Juliane Wannemacher
- Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), München, Germany
| | - Simon Christ
- Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), München, Germany
| | - Tim Koopmans
- Hubrecht Institute,, Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Safwen Kadri
- Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), München, Germany
| | - Jiakuan Zhao
- Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), München, Germany
| | - Mahesh Gouda
- Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), München, Germany
| | - Haifeng Ye
- Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), München, Germany
| | - Martin Mück-Häusl
- Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), München, Germany
| | - Peter W Krenn
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Hans-Günther Machens
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Philipp-Alexander Neumann
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core and Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), München, Germany
| | - Yuval Rinkevich
- Institute of Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), München, Germany.
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5
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Hermans LHL, Van Kelle MAJ, Oomen PJA, Lopata R.GP, Loerakker S, Bouten CVC. Scaffold Geometry-Imposed Anisotropic Mechanical Loading Guides the Evolution of the Mechanical State of Engineered Cardiovascular Tissues in vitro. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:796452. [PMID: 35252127 PMCID: PMC8888825 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.796452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular tissue engineering is a promising approach to develop grafts that, in contrast to current replacement grafts, have the capacity to grow and remodel like native tissues. This approach largely depends on cell-driven tissue growth and remodeling, which are highly complex processes that are difficult to control inside the scaffolds used for tissue engineering. For several tissue engineering approaches, adverse tissue growth and remodeling outcomes were reported, such as aneurysm formation in vascular grafts, and leaflet retraction in heart valve grafts. It is increasingly recognized that the outcome of tissue growth and remodeling, either physiological or pathological, depends at least partly on the establishment of a homeostatic mechanical state, where one or more mechanical quantities in a tissue are maintained in equilibrium. To design long-term functioning tissue engineering strategies, understanding how scaffold parameters such as geometry affect the mechanical state of a construct, and how this state guides tissue growth and remodeling, is therefore crucial. Here, we studied how anisotropic versus isotropic mechanical loading—as imposed by initial scaffold geometry—influences tissue growth, remodeling, and the evolution of the mechanical state and geometry of tissue-engineered cardiovascular constructs in vitro. Using a custom-built bioreactor platform and nondestructive mechanical testing, we monitored the mechanical and geometric changes of elliptical and circular, vascular cell-seeded, polycaprolactone-bisurea scaffolds during 14 days of dynamic loading. The elliptical and circular scaffold geometries were designed using finite element analysis, to induce anisotropic and isotropic dynamic loading, respectively, with similar maximum stretch when cultured in the bioreactor platform. We found that the initial scaffold geometry-induced (an)isotropic loading of the engineered constructs differentially dictated the evolution of their mechanical state and geometry over time, as well as their final structural organization. These findings demonstrate that controlling the initial mechanical state of tissue-engineered constructs via scaffold geometry can be used to influence tissue growth and remodeling and determine tissue outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. H. L. Hermans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - M. A. J. Van Kelle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - P. J. A. Oomen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - R .G. P. Lopata
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - S. Loerakker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: S. Loerakker,
| | - C. V. C. Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
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6
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Turčanová M, Hrtoň M, Dvořák P, Novák K, Hermanová M, Bednařík Z, Polzer S, Burša J. Full-Range Optical Imaging of Planar Collagen Fiber Orientation Using Polarized Light Microscopy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6879765. [PMID: 34877357 PMCID: PMC8645375 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6879765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for semiautomated assessment of directions of collagen fibers in soft tissues using histological image analysis is presented. It is based on multiple rotated images obtained via polarized light microscopy without any additional components, i.e., with just two polarizers being either perpendicular or nonperpendicular (rotated). This arrangement breaks the limitation of 90° periodicity of polarized light intensity and evaluates the in-plane fiber orientation over the whole 180° range accurately and quickly. After having verified the method, we used histological specimens of porcine Achilles tendon and aorta to validate the proposed algorithm and to lower the number of rotated images needed for evaluation. Our algorithm is capable to analyze 5·105 pixels in one micrograph in a few seconds and is thus a powerful and cheap tool promising a broad application in detection of collagen fiber distribution in soft tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Turčanová
- Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Solid Mechanics, Mechatronics and Biomechanics, Technická 2896/2, Brno 616 69, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hrtoň
- Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Physical Engineering, Technická 2896/2, Brno 616 69, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Dvořák
- Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Physical Engineering, Technická 2896/2, Brno 616 69, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Novák
- Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Solid Mechanics, Mechatronics and Biomechanics, Technická 2896/2, Brno 616 69, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Hermanová
- 1st Department of Pathology, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekařská 664/53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 126/3, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Bednařík
- 1st Department of Pathology, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekařská 664/53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Polzer
- Technical University Ostrava, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Mechanics, 17 Listopadu 15, Ostrava 708 33, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Burša
- Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Solid Mechanics, Mechatronics and Biomechanics, Technická 2896/2, Brno 616 69, Czech Republic
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7
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van Haaften EE, Quicken S, Huberts W, Bouten CVC, Kurniawan NA. Computationally guided in-vitro vascular growth model reveals causal link between flow oscillations and disorganized neotissue. Commun Biol 2021; 4:546. [PMID: 33972658 PMCID: PMC8110791 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02065-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbed shear stress is thought to be the driving factor of neointimal hyperplasia in blood vessels and grafts, for example in hemodialysis conduits. Despite the common occurrence of neointimal hyperplasia, however, the mechanistic role of shear stress is unclear. This is especially problematic in the context of in situ scaffold-guided vascular regeneration, a process strongly driven by the scaffold mechanical environment. To address this issue, we herein introduce an integrated numerical-experimental approach to reconstruct the graft-host response and interrogate the mechanoregulation in dialysis grafts. Starting from patient data, we numerically analyze the biomechanics at the vein-graft anastomosis of a hemodialysis conduit. Using this biomechanical data, we show in an in vitro vascular growth model that oscillatory shear stress, in the presence of cyclic strain, favors neotissue development by reducing the secretion of remodeling markers by vascular cells and promoting the formation of a dense and disorganized collagen network. These findings identify scaffold-based shielding of cells from oscillatory shear stress as a potential handle to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline E van Haaften
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sjeng Quicken
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Huberts
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Nicholas A Kurniawan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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8
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Bailey MH, Wilson M. Self assembly of model polymers into biological random networks. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:1253-1262. [PMID: 33717422 PMCID: PMC7918283 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The properties of biological networks, such as those found in the ocular lens capsule, are difficult to study without simplified models. Model polymers are developed, inspired by "worm-like" curve models, that are shown to spontaneously self assemble to form networks similar to those observed experimentally in biological systems. These highly simplified coarse-grained models allow the self assembly process to be studied on near-realistic time-scales. Metrics are developed (using a polygon-based framework) which are useful for describing simulated networks and can also be applied to images of real networks. These metrics are used to show the range of control that the computational polymer model has over the networks, including the polygon structure and short range order. The structure of the simulated networks are compared to previous simulation work and microscope images of real networks. The network structure is shown to be a function of the interaction strengths, cooling rates and external pressure. In addition, "pre-tangled" network structures are introduced and shown to significantly influence the subsequent network structure. The network structures obtained fit into a region of the network landscape effectively inaccessible to random (entropically-driven) networks but which are occupied by experimentally-derived configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew H.J. Bailey
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Wilson
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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9
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Moldero IL, Chandra A, Cavo M, Mota C, Kapsokalyvas D, Gigli G, Moroni L, Del Mercato LL. Probing the pH Microenvironment of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Cultures on Additive-Manufactured Scaffolds. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002258. [PMID: 32656904 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous advances in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, monitoring the formation of tissue regeneration and its metabolic variations during culture is still a challenge and mostly limited to bulk volumetric assays. Here, a simple method of adding capsules-based optical sensors in cell-seeded 3D scaffolds is presented and the potential of these sensors to monitor the pH changes in space and time during cell growth is demonstrated. It is shown that the pH decreased over time in the 3D scaffolds, with a more prominent decrease at the edges of the scaffolds. Moreover, the pH change is higher in 3D scaffolds compared to monolayered 2D cell cultures. The results suggest that this system, composed by capsules-based optical sensors and 3D scaffolds with predefined geometry and pore architecture network, can be a suitable platform for monitoring pH variations during 3D cell growth and tissue formation. This is particularly relevant for the investigation of 3D cellular microenvironment alterations occurring both during physiological processes, such as tissue regeneration, and pathological processes, such as cancer evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Lorenzo Moldero
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229ER, The Netherlands
| | - Anil Chandra
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Marta Cavo
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Carlos Mota
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229ER, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitrios Kapsokalyvas
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, UNS 50, Maastricht, 6229ER, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, via Arnesano, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229ER, The Netherlands
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Loretta L Del Mercato
- Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
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10
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van Haaften EE, Wissing TB, Kurniawan NA, Smits AIPM, Bouten CVC. Human In Vitro Model Mimicking Material-Driven Vascular Regeneration Reveals How Cyclic Stretch and Shear Stress Differentially Modulate Inflammation and Matrix Deposition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e1900249. [PMID: 32390338 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Resorbable synthetic scaffolds designed to regenerate living tissues and organs inside the body have emerged as a clinically attractive technology to replace diseased blood vessels. However, mismatches between scaffold design and in vivo hemodynamic loading (i.e., cyclic stretch and shear stress) can result in aberrant inflammation and adverse tissue remodeling, leading to premature graft failure. Yet, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, a human in vitro model is presented that mimics the transient local inflammatory and biomechanical environments that drive scaffold-guided tissue regeneration. The model is based on the coculture of human (myo)fibroblasts and macrophages in a bioreactor platform that decouples cyclic stretch and shear stress. Using a resorbable supramolecular elastomer as the scaffold material, it is revealed that cyclic stretch initially reduces proinflammatory cytokine secretion and, especially when combined with shear stress, stimulates IL-10 secretion. Moreover, cyclic stretch stimulates downstream (myo)fibroblast proliferation and matrix deposition. In turn, shear stress attenuates cyclic-stretch-induced matrix growth by enhancing MMP-1/TIMP-1-mediated collagen remodeling, and synergistically alters (myo)fibroblast phenotype when combined with cyclic stretch. The findings suggest that shear stress acts as a stabilizing factor in cyclic stretch-induced tissue formation and highlight the distinct roles of hemodynamic loads in the design of resorbable vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline E van Haaften
- Dr. E. E. van Haaften, Dr. T. B. Wissing, Dr. N. A. Kurniawan, Dr. A. I. P. M. Smits, Prof. C. V. C. Bouten, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, the Netherlands.,Dr. E. E. van Haaften, Dr. T. B. Wissing, Dr. N. A. Kurniawan, Dr. A. I. P. M. Smits, Prof. C. V. C. Bouten, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, the Netherlands
| | - Tamar B Wissing
- Dr. E. E. van Haaften, Dr. T. B. Wissing, Dr. N. A. Kurniawan, Dr. A. I. P. M. Smits, Prof. C. V. C. Bouten, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, the Netherlands.,Dr. E. E. van Haaften, Dr. T. B. Wissing, Dr. N. A. Kurniawan, Dr. A. I. P. M. Smits, Prof. C. V. C. Bouten, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, the Netherlands
| | - Nicholas A Kurniawan
- Dr. E. E. van Haaften, Dr. T. B. Wissing, Dr. N. A. Kurniawan, Dr. A. I. P. M. Smits, Prof. C. V. C. Bouten, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, the Netherlands.,Dr. E. E. van Haaften, Dr. T. B. Wissing, Dr. N. A. Kurniawan, Dr. A. I. P. M. Smits, Prof. C. V. C. Bouten, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, the Netherlands
| | - Anthal I P M Smits
- Dr. E. E. van Haaften, Dr. T. B. Wissing, Dr. N. A. Kurniawan, Dr. A. I. P. M. Smits, Prof. C. V. C. Bouten, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, the Netherlands.,Dr. E. E. van Haaften, Dr. T. B. Wissing, Dr. N. A. Kurniawan, Dr. A. I. P. M. Smits, Prof. C. V. C. Bouten, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, the Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Dr. E. E. van Haaften, Dr. T. B. Wissing, Dr. N. A. Kurniawan, Dr. A. I. P. M. Smits, Prof. C. V. C. Bouten, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, the Netherlands.,Dr. E. E. van Haaften, Dr. T. B. Wissing, Dr. N. A. Kurniawan, Dr. A. I. P. M. Smits, Prof. C. V. C. Bouten, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, the Netherlands
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11
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Khan ES, Sankaran S, Llontop L, Del Campo A. Exogenous supply of Hsp47 triggers fibrillar collagen deposition in skin cell cultures in vitro. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:22. [PMID: 32228452 PMCID: PMC7106624 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-020-00267-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Collagen is a structural protein that provides mechanical stability and defined architectures to skin. In collagen-based skin disorders this stability is lost, either due to mutations in collagens or in the chaperones involved in collagen assembly. This leads to chronic wounds, skin fragility, and blistering. Existing approaches to treat such conditions rely on administration of small molecules to simulate collagen production, like 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) or growth factors like TGF-β. However, these molecules are not specific for collagen synthesis, and result in unsolicited side effects. Hsp47 is a collagen-specific chaperone with a major role in collagen biosynthesis. Expression levels of Hsp47 correlate with collagen deposition. This article explores the stimulation of collagen deposition by exogenously supplied Hsp47 (collagen specific chaperone) to skin cells, including specific collagen subtypes quantification. Results Here we quantify the collagen deposition level and the types of deposited collagens after Hsp47 stimulation in different in vitro cultures of cells from human skin tissue (fibroblasts NHDF, keratinocytes HaCat and endothelial cells HDMEC) and mouse fibroblasts (L929 and MEF). We find upregulated deposition of fibrillar collagen subtypes I, III and V after Hsp47 delivery. Network collagen IV deposition was enhanced in HaCat and HDMECs, while fibril-associated collagen XII was not affected by the increased intracellular Hsp47 levels. The deposition levels of fibrillar collagen were cell-dependent i.e. Hsp47-stimulated fibroblasts deposited significantly higher amount of fibrillar collagen than Hsp47-stimulated HaCat and HDMECs. Conclusions A 3-fold enhancement of collagen deposition was observed in fibroblasts upon repeated dosage of Hsp47 within the first 6 days of culture. Our results provide fundamental understanding towards the idea of using Hsp47 as therapeutic protein to treat collagen disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essak S Khan
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Chemistry Department, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Lorena Llontop
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Aránzazu Del Campo
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany. .,Chemistry Department, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
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12
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Bailey MHJ, Ormrod Morley D, Wilson M. Simplified computational model for generating biological networks. RSC Adv 2020; 10:38275-38280. [PMID: 35517566 PMCID: PMC9057274 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06205g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A method to generate and simulate biological networks is discussed. An expanded Wooten–Winer–Weaire bond switching methods is proposed which allows for a distribution of node degrees in the network while conserving the mean average node degree. The networks are characterised in terms of their polygon structure and assortativities (a measure of local ordering). A wide range of experimental images are analysed and the underlying networks quantified in an analogous manner. Limitations in obtaining the network structure are discussed. A “network landscape” of the experimentally observed and simulated networks is constructed from the underlying metrics. The enhanced bond switching algorithm is able to generate networks spanning the full range of experimental observations. We discuss a Monte Carlo method to simulate biological networks and compare to the underlying networks in experimental images.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew H. J. Bailey
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3QZ
- UK
| | - David Ormrod Morley
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3QZ
- UK
| | - Mark Wilson
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3QZ
- UK
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13
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A collagen-binding protein enables molecular imaging of kidney fibrosis in vivo. Kidney Int 2019; 97:609-614. [PMID: 31784048 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pathological deposition of collagen is a hallmark of kidney fibrosis. To illustrate this process we employed multimodal optical imaging to visualize and quantify collagen deposition in murine models of kidney fibrosis (ischemia-reperfusion or unilateral ureteral obstruction) using the collagen-binding adhesion protein CNA35. For in vivo imaging, we used hybrid computed tomography-fluorescence molecular tomography and CNA35 labeled with the near-infrared fluorophore Cy7. Upon intravenous injection, CNA35-Cy7 accumulation was significantly higher in fibrotic compared to non-fibrotic kidneys. This difference was not detected for a non-specific scrambled version of CNA35-Cy7. Ex vivo, on kidney sections of mice and patients with renal fibrosis, CNA35-FITC co-localized with fibrotic collagen type I and III, but not with the basement membrane collagen type IV. Following intravenous injection, CNA35-FITC bound to both interstitial and perivascular fibrotic areas. In line with this perivascular accumulation, we observed significant perivascular fibrosis in the mouse models and in biopsy sections from patients with chronic kidney disease using computer-based morphometry quantification. Thus, molecular imaging of collagen using CNA35 enabled specific non-invasive quantification of kidney fibrosis. Collagen imaging revealed significant perivascular fibrosis as a consistent component next to the more commonly assessed interstitial fibrosis. Our results lay the basis for further probe and protocol optimization towards the clinical translation of molecular imaging of kidney fibrosis.
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14
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Zhou Q, Zeng Y, Xiong Q, Zhong S, Li P, Ran H, Yin Y, Reutelingsperger C, Prinze FW, Ling Z. Construction of CNA35 Collagen-Targeted Phase-Changeable Nanoagents for Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound-Triggered Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Myocardial Fibrosis in Rabbits. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:23006-23017. [PMID: 31136144 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b05999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis plays an important role in the development of heart failure and malignant arrhythmia, which potentially increases the incidence of sudden cardiac death. Therefore, early detection of myocardial fibrosis is of great significance for evaluating the prognosis of patients and formulating appropriate treatment strategies. Late gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging is considered as the currently effective strategy for noninvasive detection of myocardial fibrosis, but it still suffers from some critical issues. In this work, multifunctional CNA35-labeled perfluoropentane nanoparticles (CNA35-PFP NPs) have been elaborately designed and constructed for molecular imaging of fibrotic myocardium based on ultrasound imaging. These as-constructed CNA35-PFP NPs are intravenously infused into rabbit circulation with an animal model of myocardial infarction. Especially, these targeted CNA35-PFP NPs with nanoscale size could efficiently pass through the endothelial cell gap and adhere to the surface of fibroblasts in the fibrotic myocardium. Importantly, followed by low-intensity focused ultrasound irradiation on the myocardium, these intriguing CNA35-PFP NPs could transform from liquid into gaseous microbubbles, which further significantly enhanced the ultrasound contrast in the fibrotic area, facilitating the detection by diagnostic ultrasound imaging. Therefore, this work provides a desirable noninvasive, economical, and real-time imaging technique for the assessment of cardiac fibrosis with diagnostic ultrasound based on the rational design of liquid-to-gas phase-changeable nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology , Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400010 , P. R. China
| | - Yalin Zeng
- Department of Cardiology , Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400010 , P. R. China
| | - Qingsong Xiong
- Department of Cardiology , Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400010 , P. R. China
| | - Shigen Zhong
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400010 , P. R. China
| | - Pan Li
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400010 , P. R. China
| | - Haitao Ran
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400010 , P. R. China
| | - Yuehui Yin
- Department of Cardiology , Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400010 , P. R. China
| | - Chris Reutelingsperger
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht , Maastricht University , P.O. Box 616 , 6200 MD , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Frits W Prinze
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht , University of Maastricht , P.O. Box 616 , 6200 MD , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Zhiyu Ling
- Department of Cardiology , Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400010 , P. R. China
- Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing 400010 , P. R. China
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15
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Dera R, Diliën H, Billen B, Gagliardi M, Rahimi N, Van Den Akker NMS, Molin DGM, Grandfils C, Adriaensens P, Guedens W, Cleij TJ. Phosphodiester Hydrogels for Cell Scaffolding and Drug Release Applications. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1900090. [PMID: 31166090 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Given the major structural role phosphodiesters play in the organism it is surprising they have not been more widely adopted as a building block in sophisticated biomimetic hydrogels and other biomaterials. The potential benefits are substantial: phosphoester-based materials show excellent compatibility with blood, cells, and a remarkable resistance to protein adsorption that may trigger a foreign-body response. In this work, a novel class of phosphodiester-based ionic hydrogels is presented which are crosslinked via a phosphodiester moiety. The material shows good compatibility with blood, supports the growth and proliferation of tissue and presents opportunities for use as a drug release matrix as shown with fluorescent model compounds. The final gel is produced via base-induced elimination from a phosphotriester precursor, which is made by the free-radical polymerization of a phosphotriester crosslinker. This crosslinker is easily synthesized via multigram one-pot procedures out of common laboratory chemicals. Via the addition of various comonomers the properties of the final gel may be tuned leading to a wide range of novel applications for this exciting class of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Dera
- IMO, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Hanne Diliën
- Sensor Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Urmonderbaan 22, Chemelot Center Court, Gebouw 200, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Brecht Billen
- IMO, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Mick Gagliardi
- Department of Physiology, CARIM, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nastaran Rahimi
- Department of Physiology, CARIM, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nynke M S Van Den Akker
- Department of Physiology, CARIM, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel G M Molin
- Department of Physiology, CARIM, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Grandfils
- Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août 11, B-4000, Liège (Sart-Tilman), Belgium
| | - Peter Adriaensens
- IMO, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Wanda Guedens
- IMO, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Thomas J Cleij
- Sensor Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Urmonderbaan 22, Chemelot Center Court, Gebouw 200, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
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16
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Khan ES, Sankaran S, Paez JI, Muth C, Han MKL, del Campo A. Photoactivatable Hsp47: A Tool to Regulate Collagen Secretion and Assembly. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801982. [PMID: 31065523 PMCID: PMC6498102 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Collagen is the most abundant structural protein in mammals and is crucial for the mechanical integrity of tissues. Hsp47, an endoplasmic reticulum resident collagen-specific chaperone, is involved in collagen biosynthesis and plays a fundamental role in the folding, stability, and intracellular transport of procollagen triple helices. This work reports on a photoactivatable derivative of Hsp47 that allows regulation of collagen biosynthesis within mammalian cells using light. Photoactivatable Hsp47 contains a non-natural light-responsive tyrosine (o-nitro benzyl tyrosine (ONBY)) at Tyr383 position of the protein sequence. This mutation renders Hsp47 inactive toward collagen binding. The inactive, photoactivatable protein is easily uptaken by cells within a few minutes of incubation, and accumulated at the endoplasmic reticulum via retrograde KDEL receptor-mediated uptake. Upon light exposure, the photoactivatable Hsp47 turns into functional Hsp47 in situ. The increased intracellular concentration of Hsp47 results in stimulated secretion of collagen. The ability to promote collagen synthesis on demand, with spatiotemporal resolution, and in diseased state cells is demonstrated in vitro. It is envisioned that photoactivatable Hsp47 allows unprecedented fundamental studies of collagen biosynthesis, matrix biology, and inspires new therapeutic concepts in biomedicine and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essak S. Khan
- INM‐Leibniz Institute for New MaterialsCampus D2 2,66123SaarbrückenGermany
- Chemistry DepartmentSaarland University66123SaarbrückenGermany
| | | | - Julieta I. Paez
- INM‐Leibniz Institute for New MaterialsCampus D2 2,66123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Christina Muth
- INM‐Leibniz Institute for New MaterialsCampus D2 2,66123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Mitchell K. L. Han
- INM‐Leibniz Institute for New MaterialsCampus D2 2,66123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Aránzazu del Campo
- INM‐Leibniz Institute for New MaterialsCampus D2 2,66123SaarbrückenGermany
- Chemistry DepartmentSaarland University66123SaarbrückenGermany
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17
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van Haaften EE, Wissing TB, Rutten MCM, Bulsink JA, Gashi K, van Kelle MAJ, Smits AIPM, Bouten CVC, Kurniawan NA. Decoupling the Effect of Shear Stress and Stretch on Tissue Growth and Remodeling in a Vascular Graft. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2019; 24:418-429. [PMID: 29877143 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The success of cardiovascular tissue engineering (TE) strategies largely depends on the mechanical environment in which cells develop a neotissue through growth and remodeling processes. This mechanical environment is defined by the local scaffold architecture to which cells adhere, that is, the microenvironment, and by external mechanical cues to which cells respond, that is, hemodynamic loading. The hemodynamic environment of early developing blood vessels consists of both shear stress (due to blood flow) and circumferential stretch (due to blood pressure). Experimental platforms that recapitulate this mechanical environment in a controlled and tunable manner are thus critical for investigating cardiovascular TE. In traditional perfusion bioreactors, however, shear stress and stretch are coupled, hampering a clear delineation of their effects on cell and tissue response. In this study, we uniquely designed a bioreactor that independently combines these two types of mechanical cues in eight parallel vascular grafts. The system is computationally and experimentally validated, through finite element analysis and culture of tissue constructs, respectively, to distinguish various levels of shear stress (up to 5 Pa) and cyclic stretch (up to 1.10). To illustrate the usefulness of the system, we investigated the relative contribution of cyclic stretch (1.05 at 0.5 Hz) and shear stress (1 Pa) to tissue development. Both types of hemodynamic loading contributed to cell alignment, but the contribution of shear stress overruled stretch-induced cell proliferation and matrix (i.e., collagen and glycosaminoglycan) production. At a macroscopic level, cyclic stretching led to the most linear stress-stretch response, which was not related to the presence of shear stress. In conclusion, we have developed a bioreactor that is particularly suited to further unravel the interplay between hemodynamics and in situ TE processes. Using the new system, this work highlights the importance of hemodynamic loading to the study of developing vascular tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline E van Haaften
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands .,2 Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tamar B Wissing
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands .,2 Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel C M Rutten
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen A Bulsink
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Kujtim Gashi
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mathieu A J van Kelle
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands .,2 Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anthal I P M Smits
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands .,2 Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands .,2 Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Nicholas A Kurniawan
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands .,2 Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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18
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van Kelle MAJ, Khalil N, Foolen J, Loerakker S, Bouten CVC. Increased Cell Traction-Induced Prestress in Dynamically Cultured Microtissues. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:41. [PMID: 30915330 PMCID: PMC6422899 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prestress is a phenomenon present in many cardiovascular tissues and has profound implications on their in vivo functionality. For instance, the in vivo mechanical properties are altered by the presence of prestress, and prestress also influences tissue growth and remodeling processes. The development of tissue prestress typically originates from complex growth and remodeling phenomena which yet remain to be elucidated. One particularly interesting mechanism in which prestress develops is by active traction forces generated by cells embedded in the tissue by means of their actin stress fibers. In order to understand how these traction forces influence tissue prestress, many have used microfabricated, high-throughput, micrometer scale setups to culture microtissues which actively generate prestress to specially designed cantilevers. By measuring the displacement of these cantilevers, the prestress response to all kinds of perturbations can be monitored. In the present study, such a microfabricated tissue gauge platform was combined with the commercially available Flexcell system to facilitate dynamic cyclic stretching of microtissues. First, the setup was validated to quantify the dynamic microtissue stretch applied during the experiments. Next, the microtissues were subjected to a dynamic loading regime for 24 h. After this interval, the prestress increased to levels over twice as high compared to static controls. The prestress in these tissues was completely abated when a ROCK-inhibitor was added, showing that the development of this prestress can be completely attributed to the cell-generated traction forces. Finally, after switching the microtissues back to static loading conditions, or when removing the ROCK-inhibitor, prestress magnitudes were restored to original values. These findings show that intrinsic cell-generated prestress is a highly controlled parameter, where the actin stress fibers serve as a mechanostat to regulate this prestress. Since almost all cardiovascular tissues are exposed to a dynamic loading regime, these findings have important implications for the mechanical testing of these tissues, or when designing cardiovascular tissue engineering therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu A J van Kelle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Nilam Khalil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Jasper Foolen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Sandra Loerakker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
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19
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van Kelle MAJ, Oomen PJA, Janssen-van den Broek WJT, Lopata RGP, Loerakker S, Bouten CVC. Initial scaffold thickness affects the emergence of a geometrical and mechanical equilibrium in engineered cardiovascular tissues. J R Soc Interface 2018; 15:rsif.2018.0359. [PMID: 30429259 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2018.0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In situ cardiovascular tissue-engineering can potentially address the shortcomings of the current replacement therapies, in particular, their inability to grow and remodel. In native tissues, it is widely accepted that physiological growth and remodelling occur to maintain a homeostatic mechanical state to conserve its function, regardless of changes in the mechanical environment. A similar homeostatic state should be reached for tissue-engineered (TE) prostheses to ensure proper functioning. For in situ tissue-engineering approaches obtaining such a state greatly relies on the initial scaffold design parameters. In this study, it is investigated if the simple scaffold design parameter initial thickness, influences the emergence of a mechanical and geometrical equilibrium state in in vitro TE constructs, which resemble thin cardiovascular tissues such as heart valves and arteries. Towards this end, two sample groups with different initial thicknesses of myofibroblast-seeded polycaprolactone-bisurea constructs were cultured for three weeks under dynamic loading conditions, while tracking geometrical and mechanical changes temporally using non-destructive ultrasound imaging. A mechanical equilibrium was reached in both groups, although at different magnitudes of the investigated mechanical quantities. Interestingly, a geometrically stable state was only established in the thicker constructs, while the thinner constructs' length continuously increased. This demonstrates that reaching geometrical and mechanical stability in TE constructs is highly dependent on functional scaffold design.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A J van Kelle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - P J A Oomen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - W J T Janssen-van den Broek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - R G P Lopata
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - S Loerakker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands .,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - C V C Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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20
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Maacha S, Hong J, von Lersner A, Zijlstra A, Belkhiri A. AXL Mediates Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cell Invasion through Regulation of Extracellular Acidification and Lysosome Trafficking. Neoplasia 2018; 20:1008-1022. [PMID: 30189359 PMCID: PMC6126204 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy that is characterized by resistance to chemotherapy and a poor clinical outcome. The overexpression of the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL is frequently associated with unfavorable prognosis in EAC. Although it is well documented that AXL mediates cancer cell invasion as a downstream effector of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, the precise molecular mechanism underlying this process is not completely understood. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time that AXL mediates cell invasion through the regulation of lysosomes peripheral distribution and cathepsin B secretion in EAC cell lines. Furthermore, we show that AXL-dependent peripheral distribution of lysosomes and cell invasion are mediated by extracellular acidification, which is potentiated by AXL-induced secretion of lactate through AKT-NF-κB-dependent MCT-1 regulation. Our novel mechanistic findings support future clinical studies to evaluate the therapeutic potential of the AXL inhibitor R428 (BGB324) in highly invasive EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Maacha
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jun Hong
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Ariana von Lersner
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Andries Zijlstra
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Abbes Belkhiri
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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21
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Kee PH, Danila D. CT imaging of myocardial scar burden with CNA35-conjugated gold nanoparticles. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:1941-1947. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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Vielreicher M, Kralisch D, Völkl S, Sternal F, Arkudas A, Friedrich O. Bacterial nanocellulose stimulates mesenchymal stem cell expansion and formation of stable collagen-I networks as a novel biomaterial in tissue engineering. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9401. [PMID: 29925980 PMCID: PMC6010428 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27760-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic scaffolds are of great interest to tissue engineering (TE) and tissue repair as they support important cell functions. Scaffold coating with soluble collagen-I has been used to achieve better tissue integration in orthopaedy, however, as collagen persistence was only temporary such efforts were limited. Adequate coverage with cell-derived ECM collagen-I would promise great success, in particular for TE of mechanically challenged tissues. Here, we have used label-free, non-invasive multiphoton microscopy (MPM) to characterise bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) - a promising biomaterial for bone TE - and their potency to stimulate collagen-I formation by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). BNC fleeces were investigated by Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) imaging and by their characteristic autofluorescence (AF) pattern, here described for the first time. Seeded MSCs adhered fast, tight and very stable, grew to multilayers and formed characteristic, wide-spread and long-lasting collagen-I. MSCs used micron-sized lacunae and cracks on the BNC surface as cell niches. Detailed analysis using a collagen-I specific binding protein revealed a highly ordered collagen network structure at the cell-material interface. In addition, we have evidence that BNC is able to stimulate MSCs towards osteogenic differentiation. These findings offer new options for the development of engineered tissue constructs based on BNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Vielreicher
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, Erlangen, 91052, Germany.
| | - Dana Kralisch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology. Faculty of Biology and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstr. 8, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Simon Völkl
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Sternal
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, Erlangen, 91052, Germany
| | - Andreas Arkudas
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstr. 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Str. 3, Erlangen, 91052, Germany
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23
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Live imaging of collagen deposition during skin development and repair in a collagen I - GFP fusion transgenic zebrafish line. Dev Biol 2018; 441:4-11. [PMID: 29883658 PMCID: PMC6080847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fibrillar collagen is a major component of many tissues but has been difficult to image in vivo using transgenic approaches because of problems associated with establishing cells and organisms that generate GFP-fusion collagens that can polymerise into functional fibrils. Here we have developed and characterised GFP and mCherry collagen-I fusion zebrafish lines with basal epidermal-specific expression. We use these lines to reveal the dynamic nature of collagen-I fibril deposition beneath the developing embryonic epidermis, as well as the repair of this collagen meshwork following wounding. Transmission electron microscope studies show that these transgenic lines faithfully reproduce the collagen ultrastructure present in wild type larval skin. During skin development we show that collagen I is deposited by basal epidermal cells initially in fine filaments that are largely randomly orientated but are subsequently aligned into a cross-hatch, orthogonal sub-epithelial network by embryonic day 4. Following skin wounding, we see that sub-epidermal collagen is re-established in the denuded domain, initially as randomly orientated wisps that subsequently become bonded to the undamaged collagen and aligned in a way that recapitulates developmental deposition of sub-epidermal collagen. Crossing our GFP-collagen line against one with tdTomato marking basal epidermal cell membranes reveals how much more rapidly wound re-epithelialisation occurs compared to the re-deposition of collagen beneath the healed epidermis. By use of other tissue specific drivers it will be possible to establish zebrafish lines to enable live imaging of collagen deposition and its remodelling in various other organs in health and disease. A GFP-collagen I transgenic zebrafish has been generated for live, in vivo, imaging. Collagen fibrils are initially deposited randomly beneath the developing epidermis. This random collagen array subsequently becomes orthogonally aligned. Collagen I deposition following larval wounding recapitulates developmental deposition. Expression of GFP-collagen enables study of collagen dynamics in health and disease.
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24
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Arnold Egloff SA, Du L, Loomans HA, Starchenko A, Su PF, Ketova T, Knoll PB, Wang J, Haddad AQ, Fadare O, Cates JM, Lotan Y, Shyr Y, Clark PE, Zijlstra A. Shed urinary ALCAM is an independent prognostic biomarker of three-year overall survival after cystectomy in patients with bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:722-741. [PMID: 27894096 PMCID: PMC5352192 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins involved in tumor cell migration can potentially serve as markers of invasive disease. Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule (ALCAM) promotes adhesion, while shedding of its extracellular domain is associated with migration. We hypothesized that shed ALCAM in biofluids could be predictive of progressive disease. ALCAM expression in tumor (n = 198) and shedding in biofluids (n = 120) were measured in two separate VUMC bladder cancer cystectomy cohorts by immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The primary outcome measure was accuracy of predicting 3-year overall survival (OS) with shed ALCAM compared to standard clinical indicators alone, assessed by multivariable Cox regression and concordance-indices. Validation was performed by internal bootstrap, a cohort from a second institution (n = 64), and treatment of missing data with multiple-imputation. While ALCAM mRNA expression was unchanged, histological detection of ALCAM decreased with increasing stage (P = 0.004). Importantly, urine ALCAM was elevated 17.0-fold (P < 0.0001) above non-cancer controls, correlated positively with tumor stage (P = 0.018), was an independent predictor of OS after adjusting for age, tumor stage, lymph-node status, and hematuria (HR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.03–2.06; P = 0.002), and improved prediction of OS by 3.3% (concordance-index, 78.5% vs. 75.2%). Urine ALCAM remained an independent predictor of OS after accounting for treatment with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin, carcinoma in situ, lymph-node dissection, lymphovascular invasion, urine creatinine, and adjuvant chemotherapy (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.02–1.19; P = 0.011). In conclusion, shed ALCAM may be a novel prognostic biomarker in bladder cancer, although prospective validation studies are warranted. These findings demonstrate that markers reporting on cell motility can act as prognostic indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanna A Arnold Egloff
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Liping Du
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Holli A Loomans
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alina Starchenko
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pei-Fang Su
- Department of Statistics, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - Tatiana Ketova
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Jifeng Wang
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Urology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Ahmed Q Haddad
- Department of Urology, The University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Urology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Oluwole Fadare
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Justin M Cates
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yair Lotan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yu Shyr
- Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Ingram-Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Peter E Clark
- Vanderbilt Ingram-Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andries Zijlstra
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Ingram-Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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25
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Wu Z, Rademakers T, Kiessling F, Vogt M, Westein E, Weber C, Megens RT, van Zandvoort M. Multi-photon microscopy in cardiovascular research. Methods 2017; 130:79-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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26
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van Kelle MA, Oomen PJ, Bulsink JA, Janssen-van den Broek MW, Lopata RG, Rutten MC, Loerakker S, Bouten CV. A Bioreactor to Identify the Driving Mechanical Stimuli of Tissue Growth and Remodeling. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2017; 23:377-387. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2017.0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu A.J. van Kelle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Pim J.A. Oomen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen A. Bulsink
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes W.J.T. Janssen-van den Broek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Richard G.P. Lopata
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel C.M. Rutten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Loerakker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V.C. Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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27
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Assessment of Population and ECM Production Using Multiphoton Microscopy as an Indicator of Cell Viability. Methods Mol Biol 2017. [PMID: 28470531 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6960-9_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Multiphoton microscopy allows continuous depth-resolved, nondestructive imaging of scaffold-seeded cells during cell or tissue culture. Spectrally separated images in high resolution can be provided while cells are conserved in their native state. Here we describe the seeding of mesenchymal stem cells to bacterial nanocellulose hydropolymer scaffolds followed by 2-channel imaging of cellular autofluorescence (AF) and collagen-I formation using second harmonic generation (SHG) signals. With this approach the simultaneous observation of the progression of cell morphology and production of extracellular matrix as hallmarks of viability and cell fitness is possible.
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28
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Powers K, Joumaa V, Jinha A, Moo EK, Smith IC, Nishikawa K, Herzog W. Titin force enhancement following active stretch of skinned skeletal muscle fibres. J Exp Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.153502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In actively stretched skeletal muscle sarcomeres, titin-based force is enhanced, increasing the stiffness of active sarcomeres. Titin force enhancement in sarcomeres is vastly reduced in mdm, a genetic mutation with a deletion in titin. Whether loss of titin force enhancement is associated with compensatory mechanisms at higher structural levels of organization, such as single fibres or entire muscles, is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether mechanical deficiencies in titin force enhancement are also observed at the fibre level, and whether mechanisms compensate for the loss of titin force enhancement. Single skinned fibres from control and mutant mice were stretched actively and passively beyond filament overlap to observe titin-based force. Mutant fibres generated lower contractile stress (force divided by cross-sectional area) than control fibres. Titin force enhancement was observed in control fibres stretched beyond filament overlap, but was overshadowed in mutant fibres by an abundance of collagen and high variability in mechanics. However, titin force enhancement could be measured in all control fibers and most mutant fibres following short stretches, accounting for ∼25% of the total stress following active stretch. Our results show that the partial loss of titin force enhancement in myofibrils is not preserved in all mutant fibres and this mutation likely affects fibres differentially within a muscle. An increase in collagen helps to reestablish total force at long sarcomere lengths with the loss in titin force enhancement in some mutant fibres, increasing the overall strength of mutant fibres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krysta Powers
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Human Performance Laboratory, KNB 404, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB Canada, T2N 1N4
| | - Venus Joumaa
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Human Performance Laboratory, KNB 404, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB Canada, T2N 1N4
| | - Azim Jinha
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Human Performance Laboratory, KNB 404, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB Canada, T2N 1N4
| | - Eng Kuan Moo
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Human Performance Laboratory, KNB 404, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB Canada, T2N 1N4
| | - Ian Curtis Smith
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Human Performance Laboratory, KNB 404, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB Canada, T2N 1N4
| | - Kiisa Nishikawa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 617 S. Beaver Street, Biological Sciences (Building 21), Flagstaff, AZ USA, 86001
| | - Walter Herzog
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Human Performance Laboratory, KNB 404, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB Canada, T2N 1N4
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29
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van der Vorst EPC, Maas SL, Ortega-Gomez A, Hameleers JMM, Bianchini M, Asare Y, Soehnlein O, Döring Y, Weber C, Megens RTA. Functional ex-vivo Imaging of Arterial Cellular Recruitment and Lipid Extravasation. Bio Protoc 2017; 7:e2344. [PMID: 28890907 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.2344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of this sophisticated and highly versatile method is to visualize and quantify structural vessel wall properties, cellular recruitment, and lipid/dextran extravasation under physiological conditions in living arteries. This will be of interest for a broad range of researchers within the field of inflammation, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and even the pharmaceutical industry. Currently, many researchers are using in vitro techniques to evaluate cellular recruitment, like transwell or flow chamber systems with cultured cells, with unclear physiological comparability. The here introduced method describes in detail the use of a sophisticated and flexible method to study arterial wall properties and leukocyte recruitment in fresh and viable murine carotid arteries ex vivo under arterial flow conditions. This model mimics the in vivo situation and allows the use of cells and arteries isolated from two different donors (for example, wildtype vs. specific knockouts) to be combined into one experiments, thereby providing information on both leukocyte and/or endothelial cell properties of both donors. As such, this model can be considered an alternative for the complicated and invasive in vivo studies, such as parabiotic experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiel P C van der Vorst
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Sanne L Maas
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Almudena Ortega-Gomez
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Jeroen M M Hameleers
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Mariaelvy Bianchini
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Yaw Asare
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (FyFa), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yvonne Döring
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Remco T A Megens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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30
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Baldivia S, Levy A, Hegde S, Aper SJA, Merkx M, Grytz R. A Novel Organ Culture Model to Quantify Collagen Remodeling in Tree Shrew Sclera. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166644. [PMID: 27870875 PMCID: PMC5117658 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that unknown collagen remodeling mechanisms in the sclera underlie myopia development. We are proposing a novel organ culture system in combination with two-photon fluorescence imaging to quantify collagen remodeling at the tissue- and lamella-level. Tree shrew scleral shells were cultured up to 7 days in serum-free media and cellular viability was investigated under: (i) minimal tissue manipulations; (ii) removal of intraocular tissues; gluing the eye to a washer using (iii) 50 μL and (iv) 200 μL of cyanoacrylate adhesive; (v) supplementing media with Ham's F-12 Nutrient Mixture; and (vi) culturing eyes subjected to 15 mmHg intraocular pressure in our new bioreactor. Two scleral shells of normal juvenile tree shrews were fluorescently labeled using a collagen specific protein and cultured in our bioreactor. Using two-photon microscopy, grid patterns were photobleached into and across multiple scleral lamellae. These patterns were imaged daily for 3 days, and tissue-/lamella-level strains were calculated from the deformed patterns. No significant reduction in cell viability was observed under conditions (i) and (v). Compared to condition (i), cell viability was significantly reduced starting at day 0 (condition (ii)) and day 3 (conditions (iii, iv, vi)). Tissue-level strain and intralamellar shear angel increased significantly during the culture period. Some scleral lamellae elongated while others shortened. Findings suggest that tree shrew sclera can be cultured in serum-free media for 7 days with no significant reduction in cell viability. Scleral fibroblasts are sensitive to tissue manipulations and tissue gluing. However, Ham's F-12 Nutrient Mixture has a protective effect on cell viability and can offset the cytotoxic effect of cyanoacrylate adhesive. This is the first study to quantify collagen micro-deformations over a prolonged period in organ culture providing a new methodology to study scleral remodeling in myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Baldivia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Alexander Levy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Shylaja Hegde
- Department of Vision Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Stijn J. A. Aper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Merkx
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rafael Grytz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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31
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Mohammadkhah M, Simms CK, Murphy P. Visualisation of Collagen in fixed skeletal muscle tissue using fluorescently tagged Collagen binding protein CNA35. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 66:37-44. [PMID: 27829194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Detection and visualisation of Collagen structure are important to understand the relationship between mechanical behaviour and microstructure in skeletal muscle since Collagen is the main structural protein in animal connective tissues, and is primarily responsible for their passive load-bearing properties. In the current study, the direct detection and visualization of Collagen using fluorescently tagged CNA35 binding protein (fused to EGFP or tdTomato) is reported for the first time on fixed skeletal muscle tissue. This Technical Note also establishes a working protocol by examining tissue preparation, dilution factor, exposure time etc. for sensitivity and specificity. Penetration of the binding protein into intact mature skeletal muscle was found to be very limited, but detection works well on tissue sections with higher sensitivity on wax embedded sections compared to frozen sections. CNA35 fused to tdTomato has a higher sensitivity than CNA35 fused to EGFP but both show specific detection. Best results were obtained with 15μm wax embedded sections, with blocking of non-specific binding in 1% BSA and antigen retrieval in Sodium Citrate. There was a play-off between dilution of the binding protein and time of incubation but both CNA35-tdTomato and CNA35-EGFP worked well with approximately 100μg/ml of purified protein with overnight incubation, while CNA35-tdTomato could be utilized at 5 fold less concentration. This approach can be applied to study the relationship between skeletal muscle micro-structure and to observe mechanical response to applied deformation. It can be used more broadly to detect Collagen in a variety of fixed tissues, useful for structure-functions studies, constitutive modelling, tissue engineering and assessment of muscle tissue pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Mohammadkhah
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Parsons building, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Ciaran K Simms
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Parsons building, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Paula Murphy
- Department of Zoology, School of Natural Science, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin, Ireland.
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32
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Wahyudi H, Reynolds AA, Li Y, Owen SC, Yu SM. Targeting collagen for diagnostic imaging and therapeutic delivery. J Control Release 2016; 240:323-331. [PMID: 26773768 PMCID: PMC4936964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
As the most abundant protein in mammals and a major structural component in extracellular matrix, collagen holds a pivotal role in tissue development and maintaining the homeostasis of our body. Persistent disruption to the balance between collagen production and degradation can cause a variety of diseases, some of which can be fatal. Collagen remodeling can lead to either an overproduction of collagen which can cause excessive collagen accumulation in organs, common to fibrosis, or uncontrolled degradation of collagen seen in degenerative diseases such as arthritis. Therefore, the ability to monitor the state of collagen is crucial for determining the presence and progression of numerous diseases. This review discusses the implications of collagen remodeling and its detection methods with specific focus on targeting native collagens as well as denatured collagens. It aims to help researchers understand the pathobiology of collagen-related diseases and create novel collagen targeting therapeutics and imaging modalities for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendra Wahyudi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Amanda A Reynolds
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Shawn C Owen
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - S Michael Yu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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Abd-Elgaliel WR, Tung CH. Exploring the structural requirements of collagen-binding peptides. Biopolymers 2016; 100:167-73. [PMID: 23436394 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Revised: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Collagen synthesis and tissue remodeling are involved in many diseases; therefore, collagen-specific binding agents have been developed to study collagen changes in various tissues. Based on a recently reported collagen binding peptide, which contains unnatural biphenylalanine (Bip) amino acid residue, constructs with various structure variations were synthesized to explore the contributions of unnatural Bip residue, conformational restrain, and amino acid sequence in collagen recognition. Their binding efficiency to collagens was evaluated in vitro using pure collagens. The results indicate that the C-terminal unnatural Bip residue, rather than the peptide sequence or conformational restrain, dominated the collagen I binding. Subsequent tissue binding study showed that the selected peptide did not offer preferential selectivity over collagen I in tissue, suggesting that a simple in vitro binding assay cannot adequately model the complex biological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael R Abd-Elgaliel
- Department of Translational Imaging, Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX
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Porras AM, Hutson HN, Berger AJ, Masters KS. Engineering approaches to study fibrosis in 3-D in vitro systems. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 40:24-30. [PMID: 26926460 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fibrotic diseases occur in virtually every tissue of the body and are a major cause of mortality, yet they remain largely untreatable and poorly understood on a mechanistic level. The development of anti-fibrotic agents has been hampered, in part, by the insufficient fibrosis biomimicry provided by traditional in vitro platforms. This review focuses on recent advancements toward creating 3-D platforms that mimic key features of fibrosis, as well as the application of novel imaging and sensor techniques to analyze dynamic extracellular matrix remodeling. Several opportunities are highlighted to apply new tools from the fields of biomaterials, imaging, and systems biology to yield pathophysiologically relevant in vitro platforms that improve our understanding of fibrosis and may enable identification of potential treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Porras
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Heather N Hutson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Anthony J Berger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Kristyn S Masters
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
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Oomen P, Loerakker S, van Geemen D, Neggers J, Goumans MJ, van den Bogaerdt A, Bogers A, Bouten C, Baaijens F. Age-dependent changes of stress and strain in the human heart valve and their relation with collagen remodeling. Acta Biomater 2016; 29:161-169. [PMID: 26537200 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In order to create tissue-engineered heart valves with long-term functionality, it is essential to fully understand collagen remodeling during neo-tissue formation. Collagen remodeling is thought to maintain mechanical tissue homeostasis. Yet, the driving factor of collagen remodeling remains unidentified. In this study, we determined the collagen architecture and the geometric and mechanical properties of human native semilunar heart valves of fetal to adult age using confocal microscopy, micro-indentation and inverse finite element analysis. The outcomes were used to predict age-dependent changes in stress and stretch in the heart valves via finite element modeling. The results indicated that the circumferential stresses are different between the aortic and pulmonary valve, and, moreover, that the stress increases considerably over time in the aortic valve. Strikingly, relatively small differences were found in stretch with time and between the aortic and pulmonary valve, particularly in the circumferential direction, which is the main determinant of the collagen fiber stretch. Therefore, we suggest that collagen remodeling in the human heart valve maintains a stretch-driven homeostasis. Next to these novel insights, the unique human data set created in this study provides valuable input for the development of numerical models of collagen remodeling and optimization of tissue engineering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Annually, over 280,000 heart valve replacements are performed worldwide. Tissue engineering has the potential to provide valvular disease patients with living valve substitutes that can last a lifetime. Valve functionality is mainly determined by the collagen architecture. Hence, understanding collagen remodeling is crucial for creating tissue-engineered valves with long-term functionality. In this study, we determined the structural and material properties of human native heart valves of fetal to adult age to gain insight into the mechanical stimuli responsible for collagen remodeling. The age-dependent evolutionary changes in mechanical state of the native valve suggest that collagen remodeling in heart valves is a stretch-driven process.
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Vielreicher M, Gellner M, Rottensteiner U, Horch RE, Arkudas A, Friedrich O. Multiphoton microscopy analysis of extracellular collagen I network formation by mesenchymal stem cells. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:2104-2115. [PMID: 26712389 DOI: 10.1002/term.2107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Collagen I is the major fibrous extracellular component of bone responsible for its ultimate tensile strength. In tissue engineering, one of the most important challenges for tissue formation is to get cells interconnected via a strong and functional extracellular matrix (ECM), mimicking as closely as possible the natural ECM geometry. Still missing in tissue engineering are: (a) a versatile, high-resolution and non-invasive approach to evaluate and quantify different aspects of ECM development within engineered biomimetic scaffolds online; and (b) deeper insights into the mechanism whereby cellular matrix production is enhanced in 3D cell-scaffold composites, putatively via enhanced focal adhesion linkage, over the 2D setting. In this study, we developed sensitive morphometric detection methods for collagen I-producing and bone-forming mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), based on multiphoton second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy, and used those techniques to compare collagen I production capabilities in 2D- and 3D-arranged cells. We found that stimulating cells with 1% serum in the presence of ascorbic acid is superior to other medium conditions tested, including classical osteogenic medium. In contrast to conventional 2D culture, having MSCs packed closely in a 3D environment presumably stimulates cells to produce strong and complex collagen I networks with defined network structures (visible in SHG images) and improves collagen production. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Vielreicher
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Monika Gellner
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Rottensteiner
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Raymund E Horch
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Arkudas
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
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Le BQ, Fernandes H, Bouten CV, Karperien M, van Blitterswijk C, de Boer J. High-Throughput Screening Assay for the Identification of Compounds Enhancing Collagenous Extracellular Matrix Production by ATDC5 Cells. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2015; 21:726-36. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2014.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bach q. Le
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo Fernandes
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V.C. Bouten
- Laboratory for Cell and Tissue Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens van Blitterswijk
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jan de Boer
- Department of Tissue Regeneration, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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Aper SJA, van Spreeuwel ACC, van Turnhout MC, van der Linden AJ, Pieters PA, van der Zon NLL, de la Rambelje SL, Bouten CVC, Merkx M. Colorful protein-based fluorescent probes for collagen imaging. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114983. [PMID: 25490719 PMCID: PMC4260915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Real-time visualization of collagen is important in studies on tissue formation and remodeling in the research fields of developmental biology and tissue engineering. Our group has previously reported on a fluorescent probe for the specific imaging of collagen in live tissue in situ, consisting of the native collagen binding protein CNA35 labeled with fluorescent dye Oregon Green 488 (CNA35-OG488). The CNA35-OG488 probe has become widely used for collagen imaging. To allow for the use of CNA35-based probes in a broader range of applications, we here present a toolbox of six genetically-encoded collagen probes which are fusions of CNA35 to fluorescent proteins that span the visible spectrum: mTurquoise2, EGFP, mAmetrine, LSSmOrange, tdTomato and mCherry. While CNA35-OG488 requires a chemical conjugation step for labeling with the fluorescent dye, these protein-based probes can be easily produced in high yields by expression in E. coli and purified in one step using Ni2+-affinity chromatography. The probes all bind specifically to collagen, both in vitro and in porcine pericardial tissue. Some first applications of the probes are shown in multicolor imaging of engineered tissue and two-photon imaging of collagen in human skin. The fully-genetic encoding of the new probes makes them easily accessible to all scientists interested in collagen formation and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn J. A. Aper
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ariane C. C. van Spreeuwel
- Soft Tissue Biomechanics and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C. van Turnhout
- Soft Tissue Biomechanics and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ardjan J. van der Linden
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal A. Pieters
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Nick L. L. van der Zon
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sander L. de la Rambelje
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V. C. Bouten
- Soft Tissue Biomechanics and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Merkx
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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39
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Assessing the microstructural response to applied deformation in porcine passive skeletal muscle. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2014; 40:115-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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40
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de Jong S, van Middendorp LB, Hermans RH, de Bakker JM, Bierhuizen MF, Prinzen FW, van Rijen HV, Losen M, Vos MA, van Zandvoort MA. Ex Vivo and in Vivo Administration of Fluorescent CNA35 Specifically Marks Cardiac Fibrosis. Mol Imaging 2014; 13. [DOI: 10.2310/7290.2014.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sanne de Jong
- From the Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Departments of Physiology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, and Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lars B. van Middendorp
- From the Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Departments of Physiology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, and Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Robin H.A. Hermans
- From the Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Departments of Physiology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, and Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jacques M.T. de Bakker
- From the Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Departments of Physiology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, and Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marti F.A. Bierhuizen
- From the Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Departments of Physiology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, and Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Frits W. Prinzen
- From the Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Departments of Physiology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, and Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Harold V.M. van Rijen
- From the Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Departments of Physiology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, and Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mario Losen
- From the Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Departments of Physiology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, and Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marc A. Vos
- From the Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Departments of Physiology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, and Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marc A.M.J. van Zandvoort
- From the Department of Medical Physiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Departments of Physiology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, and Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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41
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Delgado-Ruiz RA, Abboud M, Romanos G, Aguilar-Salvatierra A, Gomez-Moreno G, Calvo-Guirado JL. Peri-implant bone organization surrounding zirconia-microgrooved surfaces circularly polarized light and confocal laser scanning microscopy study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2014; 26:1328-37. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcus Abboud
- School of Dental Medicine; Stony Brook University; Stony Brook NY USA
| | - Georgios Romanos
- School of Medicine and Dentistry; Granada University; Granada Spain
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42
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de Jonge N, Foolen J, Brugmans MCP, Söntjens SHM, Baaijens FPT, Bouten CVC. Degree of scaffold degradation influences collagen (re)orientation in engineered tissues. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 20:1747-57. [PMID: 24372199 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering provides a promising tool for creating load-bearing cardiovascular tissues. Ideally, the neotissue produced by cells possesses native strength and anisotropy. By providing contact-guiding cues with microfibers, scaffold directionality can guide tissue organization. However, scaffolds transiently degrade, which may induce undesired tissue remodeling in response to applied strain. We hypothesize that in newly formed tissues, the collagen matrix does not yet provide contact guidance to the cells, and collagen orientation is altered via strain-induced remodeling. To test this hypothesis, we studied the influence of lipase-induced scaffold degradation on collagen (re)orientation at static constraint. Myofibroblasts were cultured in electrospun PCL-U4U anisotropic microfiber scaffolds, which were statically constrained perpendicular to the scaffold fibers. During 2 weeks of culture, neotissue formation aligned in the direction of the scaffold fibers, after which scaffolds were degraded to different degrees (12%, 27%, and 79% reduction in scaffold weight) and collagen (re)orientation was studied after one additional week of culturing. High degrees of scaffold degradation (79%) were associated with remodeling of the collagen toward the constraint direction, while collagen organization was maintained at low degrees of scaffold degradation. These results highlight the importance of slow scaffold degradation when aiming at maintaining collagen orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky de Jonge
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology , Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Rahimi N, Swennen G, Verbruggen S, Scibiorek M, Molin DG, Post MJ. Short stimulation of electro-responsive PAA/fibrin hydrogel induces collagen production. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2014; 20:703-13. [PMID: 24341313 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2013.0596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acrylic acid/fibrin hydrogel can mechanically stimulate cells when an external electrical field is applied, enabling them to migrate and align throughout the depth of the gel. The ability of electro-responsive polyacrylic acid (PAA)/fibrin hydrogel to promote collagen production and remodeling has been investigated by three-dimensional (3D) culturing and conditioning of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). SMCs-seeded hydrogels were subjected to an alternating electrical field (0.06 V/mm) for 2 h for one, two, or three times per week during 4 weeks of culturing. Fluorescent images of collagen structure and accumulation, assessed by CNA-35 probe, showed increased collagen content (>100-fold at 1× stimulation/week) in the center of the hydrogels after 4 weeks of culture. The increase in collagen production correlated with increasing extracellular matrix gene expression and resulted in significantly improved mechanical properties of the stimulated hydrogels. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 activity was also significantly enhanced by stimulation, which probably has a role in the reorganization of the collagen. Short stimulation (2 h) induced a favorable response in the cells and enhanced tissue formation and integrity of the scaffold by inducing collagen production. The presented set up could be used for conditioning and improving the functionality of current tissue-engineered vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Rahimi
- 1 Department of Physiology, Maastricht University , Maastricht, The Netherlands
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44
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Li Y, Yu SM. Targeting and mimicking collagens via triple helical peptide assembly. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2013; 17:968-75. [PMID: 24210894 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
As the major structural component of the extracellular matrix, collagen plays a crucial role in tissue development and regeneration. Since structural and metabolic abnormalities of collagen are associated with numerous debilitating diseases and pathologic conditions, the ability to target collagens of diseased tissues could lead to new diagnostics and therapeutics. Collagen is also a natural biomaterial widely used in drug delivery and tissue engineering, and construction of synthetic collagen-like materials is gaining interests in the biomaterials community. The unique triple helical structure of collagen has been explored for targeting collagen strands, and for engineering collagen-like functional assemblies and conjugates. This review focuses on the forefront of research activities in the use of the collagen mimetic peptide for both targeting and mimicking collagens via its triple helix mediated strand hybridization and higher order assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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45
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de Jonge N, Muylaert DEP, Fioretta ES, Baaijens FPT, Fledderus JO, Verhaar MC, Bouten CVC. Matrix production and organization by endothelial colony forming cells in mechanically strained engineered tissue constructs. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73161. [PMID: 24023827 PMCID: PMC3759389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Tissue engineering is an innovative method to restore cardiovascular tissue function by implanting either an in vitro cultured tissue or a degradable, mechanically functional scaffold that gradually transforms into a living neo-tissue by recruiting tissue forming cells at the site of implantation. Circulating endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) are capable of differentiating into endothelial cells as well as a mesenchymal ECM-producing phenotype, undergoing Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal-transition (EndoMT). We investigated the potential of ECFCs to produce and organize ECM under the influence of static and cyclic mechanical strain, as well as stimulation with transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1). Methods and Results A fibrin-based 3D tissue model was used to simulate neo-tissue formation. Extracellular matrix organization was monitored using confocal laser-scanning microscopy. ECFCs produced collagen and also elastin, but did not form an organized matrix, except when cultured with TGFβ1 under static strain. Here, collagen was aligned more parallel to the strain direction, similar to Human Vena Saphena Cell-seeded controls. Priming ECFC with TGFβ1 before exposing them to strain led to more homogenous matrix production. Conclusions Biochemical and mechanical cues can induce extracellular matrix formation by ECFCs in tissue models that mimic early tissue formation. Our findings suggest that priming with bioactives may be required to optimize neo-tissue development with ECFCs and has important consequences for the timing of stimuli applied to scaffold designs for both in vitro and in situ cardiovascular tissue engineering. The results obtained with ECFCs differ from those obtained with other cell sources, such as vena saphena-derived myofibroblasts, underlining the need for experimental models like ours to test novel cell sources for cardiovascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky de Jonge
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitri E. P. Muylaert
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emanuela S. Fioretta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Frank P. T. Baaijens
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Joost O. Fledderus
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne C. Verhaar
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V. C. Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Vielreicher M, Schürmann S, Detsch R, Schmidt MA, Buttgereit A, Boccaccini A, Friedrich O. Taking a deep look: modern microscopy technologies to optimize the design and functionality of biocompatible scaffolds for tissue engineering in regenerative medicine. J R Soc Interface 2013; 10:20130263. [PMID: 23864499 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2013.0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on modern nonlinear optical microscopy (NLOM) methods that are increasingly being used in the field of tissue engineering (TE) to image tissue non-invasively and without labelling in depths unreached by conventional microscopy techniques. With NLOM techniques, biomaterial matrices, cultured cells and their produced extracellular matrix may be visualized with high resolution. After introducing classical imaging methodologies such as µCT, MRI, optical coherence tomography, electron microscopy and conventional microscopy two-photon fluorescence (2-PF) and second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging are described in detail (principle, power, limitations) together with their most widely used TE applications. Besides our own cell encapsulation, cell printing and collagen scaffolding systems and their NLOM imaging the most current research articles will be reviewed. These cover imaging of autofluorescence and fluorescence-labelled tissue and biomaterial structures, SHG-based quantitative morphometry of collagen I and other proteins, imaging of vascularization and online monitoring techniques in TE. Finally, some insight is given into state-of-the-art three-photon-based imaging methods (e.g. coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering, third harmonic generation). This review provides an overview of the powerful and constantly evolving field of multiphoton microscopy, which is a powerful and indispensable tool for the development of artificial tissues in regenerative medicine and which is likely to gain importance also as a means for general diagnostic medical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vielreicher
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Paul-Gordan-Strasse 3, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.
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Chai CK, Akyildiz AC, Speelman L, Gijsen FJ, Oomens CW, van Sambeek MR, van der Lugt A, Baaijens FP. Local axial compressive mechanical properties of human carotid atherosclerotic plaques—characterisation by indentation test and inverse finite element analysis. J Biomech 2013; 46:1759-66. [PMID: 23664315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Brownfield DG, Venugopalan G, Lo A, Mori H, Tanner K, Fletcher DA, Bissell MJ. Patterned collagen fibers orient branching mammary epithelium through distinct signaling modules. Curr Biol 2013; 23:703-9. [PMID: 23562267 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
For decades, the work of cell and developmental biologists has demonstrated the striking ability of the mesenchyme and the stroma to instruct epithelial form and function in the mammary gland, but the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules in mammary pattern specification has not been elucidated. Here, we show that stromal collagen I (Col-I) fibers in the mammary fat pad are axially oriented prior to branching morphogenesis. Upon puberty, the branching epithelium orients along these fibers, thereby adopting a similar axial bias. To establish a causal relationship from Col-I fiber to epithelial orientation, we embedded mammary organoids within axially oriented Col-I fiber gels and observed dramatic epithelial co-orientation. Whereas a constitutively active form of Rac1, a molecule implicated in cell motility, prevented a directional epithelial response to Col-I fiber orientation, inhibition of the RhoA/Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) pathway did not. However, time-lapse studies revealed that, within randomly oriented Col-I matrices, the epithelium axially aligns fibers at branch sites via RhoA/ROCK-mediated contractions. Our data provide an explanation for how the stromal ECM encodes architectural cues for branch orientation as well as how the branching epithelium interprets and reinforces these cues through distinct signaling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas G Brownfield
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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Strain-induced Collagen Organization at the Micro-level in Fibrin-based Engineered Tissue Constructs. Ann Biomed Eng 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-012-0704-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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A method for the quantification of the pressure dependent 3D collagen configuration in the arterial adventitia. J Struct Biol 2012; 180:335-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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