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Rizzotto A, Tollis S, Pham NT, Zheng Y, Abad MA, Wildenhain J, Jeyaprakash AA, Auer M, Tyers M, Schirmer EC. Reduction in Nuclear Size by DHRS7 in Prostate Cancer Cells and by Estradiol Propionate in DHRS7-Depleted Cells. Cells 2023; 13:57. [PMID: 38201261 PMCID: PMC10778050 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Increased nuclear size correlates with lower survival rates and higher grades for prostate cancer. The short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) family member DHRS7 was suggested as a biomarker for use in prostate cancer grading because it is largely lost in higher-grade tumors. Here, we found that reduction in DHRS7 from the LNCaP prostate cancer cell line with normally high levels of DHRS7 increases nuclear size, potentially explaining the nuclear size increase observed in higher-grade prostate tumors where it is lost. An exogenous expression of DHRS7 in the PC3 prostate cancer cell line with normally low DHRS7 levels correspondingly decreases nuclear size. We separately tested 80 compounds from the Microsource Spectrum library for their ability to restore normal smaller nuclear size to PC3 cells, finding that estradiol propionate had the same effect as the re-expression of DHRS7 in PC3 cells. However, the drug had no effect on LNCaP cells or PC3 cells re-expressing DHRS7. We speculate that separately reported beneficial effects of estrogens in androgen-independent prostate cancer may only occur with the loss of DHRS7/ increased nuclear size, and thus propose DHRS7 levels and nuclear size as potential biomarkers for the likely effectiveness of estrogen-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rizzotto
- The Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK; (A.R.); (A.A.J.)
| | - Sylvain Tollis
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Nhan T. Pham
- The Institute of Quantitative Biology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK; (N.T.P.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (M.A.)
| | - Yijing Zheng
- The Institute of Quantitative Biology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK; (N.T.P.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (M.A.)
| | - Maria Alba Abad
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK;
| | - Jan Wildenhain
- The Institute of Quantitative Biology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK; (N.T.P.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (M.A.)
| | - A. Arockia Jeyaprakash
- The Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK; (A.R.); (A.A.J.)
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK;
- Gene Center and Department of Biochemistry, LMU-München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Manfred Auer
- The Institute of Quantitative Biology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK; (N.T.P.); (Y.Z.); (J.W.); (M.A.)
- Xenobe Research Institute, P.O. Box 3052, San Diego, CA 92163-1052, USA
| | - Mike Tyers
- Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada;
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Eric C. Schirmer
- The Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK; (A.R.); (A.A.J.)
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Lee JY, Harney DJ, Teo JD, Kwok JB, Sutherland GT, Larance M, Don AS. The major TMEM106B dementia risk allele affects TMEM106B protein levels, fibril formation, and myelin lipid homeostasis in the ageing human hippocampus. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:63. [PMID: 37726834 PMCID: PMC10510131 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00650-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk for dementia increases exponentially from the seventh decade of life. Identifying and understanding the biochemical changes that sensitize the ageing brain to neurodegeneration will provide new opportunities for dementia prevention and treatment. This study aimed to determine how ageing and major genetic risk factors for dementia affect the hippocampal proteome and lipidome of neurologically-normal humans over the age of 65. The hippocampus was chosen as it is highly susceptible to atrophy with ageing and in several neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS Mass spectrometry-based proteomic and lipidomic analysis of CA1 hippocampus samples from 74 neurologically normal human donors, aged 66-104, was used in combination with multiple regression models and gene set enrichment analysis to identify age-dependent changes in the proteome and lipidome. ANOVA was used to test the effect of major dementia risk alleles in the TMEM106B and APOE genes on the hippocampal proteome and lipidome, adjusting for age, gender, and post-mortem interval. Fibrillar C-terminal TMEM106B fragments were isolated using sarkosyl fractionation and quantified by immunoblotting. RESULTS Forty proteins were associated with age at false discovery rate-corrected P < 0.05, including proteins that regulate cell adhesion, the cytoskeleton, amino acid and lipid metabolism, and ribosomal subunits. TMEM106B, a regulator of lysosomal and oligodendrocyte function, was regulated with greatest effect size. The increase in TMEM106B levels with ageing was specific to carriers of the rs1990622-A allele in the TMEM106B gene that increases risk for frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and hippocampal sclerosis with ageing. Rs1990622-A was also associated with higher TMEM106B fibril content. Hippocampal lipids were not significantly affected by APOE genotype, however levels of myelin-enriched sulfatides and hexosylceramides were significantly lower, and polyunsaturated phospholipids were higher, in rs1990622-A carriers after controlling for APOE genotype. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that TMEM106B protein abundance is increased with brain ageing in humans, establishes that dementia risk allele rs1990622-A predisposes to TMEM106B fibril formation in the hippocampus, and provides the first evidence that rs1990622-A affects brain lipid homeostasis, particularly myelin lipids. Our data suggests that TMEM106B is one of a growing list of major dementia risk genes that affect glial lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yup Lee
- Charles Perkins Centre, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Dylan J Harney
- Charles Perkins Centre, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Jonathan D Teo
- Charles Perkins Centre, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - John B Kwok
- School of Medical Sciences, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Greg T Sutherland
- Charles Perkins Centre, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Mark Larance
- Charles Perkins Centre, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Anthony S Don
- Charles Perkins Centre, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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3
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Lee JY, Harney D, Kwok J, Larance M, Don AS. The major TMEM106B dementia risk allele affects TMEM106B protein levels and myelin lipid homeostasis in the ageing human hippocampus. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2392941. [PMID: 36711721 PMCID: PMC9882607 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2392941/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background The risk for dementia increases exponentially from the seventh decade of life. Identifying and understanding the biochemical changes that sensitize the ageing brain to neurodegeneration will provide new opportunities for dementia prevention and treatment. This study aimed to determine how ageing and major genetic risk factors for dementia affect the hippocampal proteome and lipidome of neurologically-normal humans over the age of 65. The hippocampus was chosen as it is highly susceptible to atrophy with ageing and in several neurodegenerative diseases. Methods Mass spectrometry-based proteomic and lipidomic analysis of CA1 hippocampus samples from 74 neurologically normal human donors, aged 66-104, was used in combination with multiple regression models and gene set enrichment analysis to identify age-dependent changes in the proteome and lipidome. ANOVA was used to test the effect of major dementia risk alleles in the TMEM106B and APOE genes on the hippocampal proteome and lipidome, adjusting for age, gender, and post-mortem interval. Results Forty proteins were associated with age at false discovery rate-corrected P < 0.05, including proteins that regulate cell adhesion, the cytoskeleton, amino acid and lipid metabolism, and ribosomal subunits. Transmembrane protein 106B (TMEM106B), a regulator of lysosomal and oligodendrocyte function, was regulated with greatest effect size. The increase in TMEM106B levels with age was specific to carriers of the rs1990622-A allele in the TMEM106B gene that is associated with increased risk for frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and hippocampal sclerosis with ageing. Hippocampal lipids were not significantly affected by APOE genotype, however levels of myelin-enriched sulfatides and hexosylceramides were significantly lower, and polyunsaturated phospholipids were higher, in rs1990622-A carriers after controlling for APOE genotype. Conclusions Our study provides the first evidence that TMEM106B protein abundance is increased with brain ageing in humans, and the first evidence that the major TMEM106B dementia risk allele affects brain lipid homeostasis, with a clear effect on myelin lipid content. Our data implies that TMEM106B is one of a growing list of major dementia risk genes that affect glial lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yup Lee
- The University of Sydney SMS: The University of Sydney School of Medical Sciences
| | | | - John Kwok
- The University of Sydney SMS: The University of Sydney School of Medical Sciences
| | - Mark Larance
- The University of Sydney SMS: The University of Sydney School of Medical Sciences
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Diao Y, Wang G, Zhu B, Li Z, Wang S, Yu L, Li R, Fan W, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Yang L, Hao X, Liu J. Loading of "cocktail siRNAs" into extracellular vesicles via TAT-DRBD peptide for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2022; 23:163-172. [PMID: 35171081 PMCID: PMC8855870 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2021.2024040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived, membranous nanoparticles that mediate intercellular communication by transferring biomolecules between cells. As natural vehicles, EVs may exhibit higher delivery efficiency, lower immunogenicity, and better compatibility than existing RNA carriers. A major limitation of their therapeutic use is the shortage of efficient, robust, and scalable methods to load siRNA of interest. Here, we report a novel strategy using polycationic membrane-penetrating peptide TAT to encapsulate siRNAs into EVs. Three TAT peptides were co-expressed with DRBD as 3TD fusion protein. The sequence-independent binding of DRBD facilitates multiplex genes targeting of mixed siRNAs. Functional assays for siRNA-mediated gene silencing of CRPC were performed after engineered EVs treatment. EVs were isolated using differential centrifugation from WPMY-1 cell culture medium. The increase of merged yellow fluorescence in the engineered EVs showed by TIRFM and the decrease in zeta potential absolute values certified the co-localization of siRNA with EVs, which indicated that siRNA had been successfully delivered into WPMY-1 EVs. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the mRNA level of FLOH1, NKX3, and DHRS7 was dramatically decreased when cells were treated with engineered EVs loaded with siRNAs mixtures relative to the level of untreated cells. Western and flow cytometry results indicate that delivery of siRNA mixtures by engineered EVs can effectively downregulate AR expression and induce LNCaP-AI cell apoptosis. The uptake efficiency of the EVs and the significantly downregulated expression of three genes suggested the potential of TAT as efficient siRNA carriers by keeping the function of the cargoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Diao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gangqiang Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingbing Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijuan Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weixiao Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoke Hao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiayun Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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5
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Leitner DF, Devore S, Laze J, Friedman D, Mills JD, Liu Y, Janitz M, Anink JJ, Baayen JC, Idema S, van Vliet EA, Diehl B, Scott C, Thijs R, Nei M, Askenazi M, Sivathamboo S, O’Brien T, Wisniewski T, Thom M, Aronica E, Boldrini M, Devinsky O. Serotonin receptor expression in hippocampus and temporal cortex of temporal lobe epilepsy patients by postictal generalized electroencephalographic suppression duration. Epilepsia 2022; 63:2925-2936. [PMID: 36053862 PMCID: PMC9669210 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prolonged postictal generalized electroencephalographic suppression (PGES) is a potential biomarker for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), which may be associated with dysfunctional autonomic responses and serotonin signaling. To better understand molecular mechanisms, PGES duration was correlated to 5HT1A and 5HT2A receptor protein expression and RNAseq from resected hippocampus and temporal cortex of temporal lobe epilepsy patients with seizures recorded in preoperative evaluation. METHODS Analyses included 36 cases (age = 14-64 years, age at epilepsy onset = 0-51 years, epilepsy duration = 2-53 years, PGES duration = 0-93 s), with 13 cases in all hippocampal analyses. 5HT1A and 5HT2A protein was evaluated by Western blot and histologically in hippocampus (n = 16) and temporal cortex (n = 9). We correlated PGES duration to our previous RNAseq dataset for serotonin receptor expression and signaling pathways, as well as weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) to identify correlated gene clusters. RESULTS In hippocampus, 5HT2A protein by Western blot positively correlated with PGES duration (p = .0024, R2 = .52), but 5HT1A did not (p = .87, R2 = .0020). In temporal cortex, 5HT1A and 5HT2A had lower expression and did not correlate with PGES duration. Histologically, PGES duration did not correlate with 5HT1A or 5HT2A expression in hippocampal CA4, dentate gyrus, or temporal cortex. RNAseq identified two serotonin receptors with expression that correlated with PGES duration in an exploratory analysis: HTR3B negatively correlated (p = .043, R2 = .26) and HTR4 positively correlated (p = .049, R2 = .25). WGCNA identified four modules correlated with PGES duration, including positive correlation with synaptic transcripts (p = .040, Pearson correlation r = .52), particularly potassium channels (KCNA4, KCNC4, KCNH1, KCNIP4, KCNJ3, KCNJ6, KCNK1). No modules were associated with serotonin receptor signaling. SIGNIFICANCE Higher hippocampal 5HT2A receptor protein and potassium channel transcripts may reflect underlying mechanisms contributing to or resulting from prolonged PGES. Future studies with larger cohorts should assess functional analyses and additional brain regions to elucidate mechanisms underlying PGES and SUDEP risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique F. Leitner
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sasha Devore
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juliana Laze
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Friedman
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - James D. Mills
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Bucks, UK
| | - Yan Liu
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Janitz
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jasper J. Anink
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes C. Baayen
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sander Idema
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin A. van Vliet
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Beate Diehl
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Catherine Scott
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Roland Thijs
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, the Netherlands
| | - Maromi Nei
- Department of Neurology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Manor Askenazi
- Biomedical Hosting LLC, Arlington, MA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shobi Sivathamboo
- Department of Neuroscience, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terence O’Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thomas Wisniewski
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Thom
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of (Neuro)pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, the Netherlands
| | - Maura Boldrini
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Orrin Devinsky
- Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Tang S, Zhao Z, Wang Y, El Akkawi MM, Tan Z, Liu D, Chen G, Liu H. DHRS7 is an immune-related prognostic biomarker of KIRC and pan-cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:1015844. [PMID: 36276963 PMCID: PMC9584615 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1015844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is one malignancy whose development and prognosis have been associated with aberrant DHRS7 expression. However, the catalytic activity and pathophysiology of KIRC are poorly understood, and no sensitive tumor biomarkers have yet been discovered. In our study, we examined the significant influence of DHRS7 on the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor progression using an overall predictable and prognostic evaluation approach. We found novel cancer staging, particularly in KIRC, as well as potential therapeutic drugs out of 27 drug sensitivity tests. Using Perl scripts, it was possible to determine the number of somatic mutations present in 33 tumors, as well as the relative scores of 22 immune cells using CIBERSORT, the relationship between immune infiltration and differential expression using TCGA data, and the immune microenvironment score using the estimate technique. Our results show that DHRS7 is abnormally expressed in pan-cancer patients, which influences their survival. Low DHRS7 expression was associated with late clinical stages and a low survival rate in KIRC patients, suggesting a poor prognosis and course of treatment, in HNSG, MESO, and KIRC patients. We also found that DHRS7 was associated with TMB and MSI in certain tumors. Using KIRC as an example, we discovered a negative correlation between DHRS7 expression and immunological assessments, suggesting that this substance might be used as a tumor biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- Department of Urology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Mariya M. El Akkawi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhennan Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongbin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoxiong Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Hu Liu,
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Stücheli S, Araya S, Ercan C, Moser SO, Gallon J, Jenö P, Piscuoglio S, Terracciano L, Odermatt A. The Potential Tumor-Suppressor DHRS7 Inversely Correlates with EGFR Expression in Prostate Cancer Cells and Tumor Samples. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133074. [PMID: 35804847 PMCID: PMC9264982 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men. Current therapies are initially effective but resistance often develops, leading to tumor recurrence and death. Further research on new players, mechanisms involved in prostate cancer, and therapy resistance is needed. We studied the role of DHRS7, a potential tumor suppressor with currently unknown physiological function, in prostate cancer cells using proteome and gene expression analyses. Despite the fact that DHRS7 can inactivate 5α-dihydrotestosterone, its effect on prostate cancer cells seems to be unrelated to androgen metabolism. When comparing three widely studied prostate cancer cell lines, we observed a negative correlation between DHRS7 and EGFR expression. DHRS7 knockdown enhanced EGFR expression, while knockdown of EGFR tended to increase DHRS7 expression. Importantly, DHRS7 expression negatively correlates with EGFR expression and positively with survival rates in prostate cancer patients. This study suggests a tumor-suppressor role for DHRS7 by modulating EGFR expression in prostate cancer. Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa), one of the most common malignancies in men, typically responds to initial treatment, but resistance to therapy often leads to metastases and death. The dehydrogenase/reductase 7 (DHRS7, SDR34C1) is an “orphan” enzyme without known physiological function. DHRS7 was previously found to be decreased in higher-stage PCa, and siRNA-mediated knockdown increased the aggressiveness of LNCaP cells. To further explore the role of DHRS7 in PCa, we analyzed the proteome of LNCaP cells following DHRS7 knockdown to assess potentially altered pathways. Although DHRS7 is able to inactivate 5α-dihydrotestosterone, DHRS7 knockdown did not affect androgen receptor (AR) target gene expression, and its effect on PCa cells seems to be androgen-independent. Importantly, proteome analyses revealed increased expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which was confirmed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Comparison of AR-positive LNCaP with AR-negative PC-3 and DU145 PCa cell lines revealed a negative correlation between DHRS7 and EGFR expression. Conversely, EGFR knockdown enhanced DHRS7 expression in these cells. Importantly, analysis of patient samples revealed a negative correlation between DHRS7 and EGFR expression, both at the mRNA and protein levels, and DHRS7 expression correlated positively with patient survival rates. These results suggest a protective role for DHRS7 in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Stücheli
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; (S.S.); (S.A.); (S.O.M.)
| | - Selene Araya
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; (S.S.); (S.A.); (S.O.M.)
| | - Caner Ercan
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (C.E.); (S.P.); (L.T.)
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Seraina O. Moser
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; (S.S.); (S.A.); (S.O.M.)
| | - John Gallon
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Paul Jenö
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Salvatore Piscuoglio
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (C.E.); (S.P.); (L.T.)
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Luigi Terracciano
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (C.E.); (S.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Alex Odermatt
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland; (S.S.); (S.A.); (S.O.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-61-207-15-30
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8
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Zhao H, Zhang J, Fu X, Mao D, Qi X, Liang S, Meng G, Song Z, Yang R, Guo Z, Tong B, Sun M, Zuo B, Li G. Integrated bioinformatics analysis of the NEDD4 family reveals a prognostic value of NEDD4L in clear-cell renal cell cancer. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11880. [PMID: 34458018 PMCID: PMC8378337 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The members of the Nedd4-like E3 family participate in various biological processes. However, their role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is not clear. This study systematically analyzed the Nedd4-like E3 family members in ccRCC data sets from multiple publicly available databases. NEDD4L was identified as the only NEDD4 family member differentially expressed in ccRCC compared with normal samples. Bioinformatics tools were used to characterize the function of NEDD4L in ccRCC. It indicated that NEDD4L might regulate cellular energy metabolism by co-expression analysis, and subsequent gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. A prognostic model developed by the LASSO Cox regression method showed a relatively good predictive value in training and testing data sets. The result revealed that NEDD4L was associated with biosynthesis and metabolism of ccRCC. Since NEDD4L is downregulated and dysregulation of metabolism is involved in tumor progression, NEDD4L might be a potential therapeutic target in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Department of Urology, China Rehabilitation Research Centre, Rehabilitation School of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoliang Fu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xian, China
| | - Dongdong Mao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xuesen Qi
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Shuai Liang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Gang Meng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zewen Song
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ru Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The First Affliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Zhenni Guo
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Binghua Tong
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Meiqing Sun
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Baile Zuo
- Tumor Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy Laboratory, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Guoyin Li
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China.,Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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9
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Endo S, Matsunaga T, Nishinaka T. The Role of AKR1B10 in Physiology and Pathophysiology. Metabolites 2021; 11:332. [PMID: 34063865 PMCID: PMC8224097 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11060332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AKR1B10 is a human nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent reductase belonging to the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1B subfamily. It catalyzes the reduction of aldehydes, some ketones and quinones, and interacts with acetyl-CoA carboxylase and heat shock protein 90α. The enzyme is highly expressed in epithelial cells of the stomach and intestine, but down-regulated in gastrointestinal cancers and inflammatory bowel diseases. In contrast, AKR1B10 expression is low in other tissues, where the enzyme is upregulated in cancers, as well as in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and several skin diseases. In addition, the enzyme's expression is elevated in cancer cells resistant to clinical anti-cancer drugs. Thus, growing evidence supports AKR1B10 as a potential target for diagnosing and treating these diseases. Herein, we reviewed the literature on the roles of AKR1B10 in a healthy gastrointestinal tract, the development and progression of cancers and acquired chemoresistance, in addition to its gene regulation, functions, and inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Endo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Matsunaga
- Education Center of Green Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu 502-8585, Japan;
| | - Toru Nishinaka
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi 584-8540, Osaka, Japan;
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10
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Zhang S, Xie L, Zheng S, Lu B, Tao W, Wang X, Kocher TD, Zhou L, Wang D. Identification, Expression and Evolution of Short-Chain Dehydrogenases/Reductases in Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084201. [PMID: 33919636 PMCID: PMC8073704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) superfamily is involved in multiple physiological processes. In this study, genome-wide identification and comprehensive analysis of SDR superfamily were carried out in 29 animal species based on the latest genome databases. Overall, the number of SDR genes in animals increased with whole genome duplication (WGD), suggesting the expansion of SDRs during evolution, especially in 3R-WGD and polyploidization of teleosts. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that vertebrates SDRs were clustered into five categories: classical, extended, undefined, atypical, and complex. Moreover, tandem duplication of hpgd-a, rdh8b and dhrs13 was observed in teleosts analyzed. Additionally, tandem duplications of dhrs11-a, dhrs7a, hsd11b1b, and cbr1-a were observed in all cichlids analyzed, and tandem duplication of rdh10-b was observed in tilapiines. Transcriptome analysis of adult fish revealed that 93 SDRs were expressed in more than one tissue and 5 in one tissue only. Transcriptome analysis of gonads from different developmental stages showed that expression of 17 SDRs were sexually dimorphic with 11 higher in ovary and 6 higher in testis. The sexually dimorphic expressions of these SDRs were confirmed by in situ hybridization (ISH) and qPCR, indicating their possible roles in steroidogenesis and gonadal differentiation. Taken together, the identification and the expression data obtained in this study contribute to a better understanding of SDR superfamily evolution and functions in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Z.); (L.X.); (S.Z.); (B.L.); (W.T.); (X.W.)
| | - Lang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Z.); (L.X.); (S.Z.); (B.L.); (W.T.); (X.W.)
| | - Shuqing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Z.); (L.X.); (S.Z.); (B.L.); (W.T.); (X.W.)
| | - Baoyue Lu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Z.); (L.X.); (S.Z.); (B.L.); (W.T.); (X.W.)
| | - Wenjing Tao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Z.); (L.X.); (S.Z.); (B.L.); (W.T.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaoshuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Z.); (L.X.); (S.Z.); (B.L.); (W.T.); (X.W.)
| | - Thomas D Kocher
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Linyan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Z.); (L.X.); (S.Z.); (B.L.); (W.T.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (D.W.); Tel.: +86-23-68253702 (D.W.)
| | - Deshou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (S.Z.); (L.X.); (S.Z.); (B.L.); (W.T.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (D.W.); Tel.: +86-23-68253702 (D.W.)
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11
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Endo S, Morikawa Y, Kudo Y, Suenami K, Matsunaga T, Ikari A, Hara A. Human dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 11 (DHRS11) and aldo-keto reductase 1C isoforms in comparison: Substrate and reaction specificity in the reduction of 11-keto-C 19-steroids. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 199:105586. [PMID: 31926269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that an adrenal steroid 11β-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione serves as the precursor to androgens, 11-ketotestosterone and 11-ketodihydrotestosterone (11KDHT). The biosynthetic pathways include the reduction of 3- and 17-keto groups of the androgen precursors 11-keto-C19-steroids, which has been reported to be mediated by three human enzymes; aldo-keto reductase (AKR)1C2, AKR1C3 and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) type-3. To explore the contribution of the enzymes in the reductive metabolism, we kinetically compared the substrate specificity for 11-keto-C19-steroids among purified recombinant preparations of four AKRs (1C1, 1C2,1C3 and 1C4) and DHRS11, which shows 17β-HSD activity. Although AKR1C1 did not reduce the 11-keto-C19-steroids, AKR1C3 and DHRS11 reduced 17-keto groups of 11-keto-4-androstene-3,17-dione, 11-keto-5α-androstane-3,17-dione (11K-Adione) and 11-ketoandrosterone with Km values of 5-28 μM. The 3-keto groups of 11KDHT and 11K-Adione were reduced by AKR1C4 (Km 1 μM) more efficiently than by AKR1C2 (Km 5 and 8 μM, respectively). GC/MS analysis of the products showed that DHRS11 acts as 17β-HSD, and that AKR1C2 and AKR1C4 are predominantly 3α-HSDs, but formed a minor 3β-metabolite from 11KDHT. Since DHRS11 was thus newly identified as 11-keto-C19-steroid reductase, we also investigated its substrate-binding mode by molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis of Thr163 and Val200, and found the following structural features: 1). There is a space that accommodates the 11-keto group of the 11-keto-C19-steroids in the substrate-binding site. 2) Val200 is a critical determinant for exhibiting the strict 17β-HSD activity of the enzyme, because the Val200Leu mutation resulted in both significant impairment of the 17β-HSD activity and emergence of 3β-HSD activity towards 5α-androstanes including 11KDHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Endo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Yoshifumi Morikawa
- Forensic Science Laboratory, Gifu Prefectural Police Headquarters, Gifu, 500-8501, Japan
| | - Yudai Kudo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Koichi Suenami
- Forensic Science Laboratory, Gifu Prefectural Police Headquarters, Gifu, 500-8501, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Matsunaga
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Akira Ikari
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, 501-1196, Japan
| | - Akira Hara
- Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
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12
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Jiang K, Yang Z, Cui W, Su K, Ma JZ, Payne TJ, Li MD. An Exome-Wide Association Study Identifies New Susceptibility Loci for Age of Smoking Initiation in African- and European-American Populations. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 21:707-713. [PMID: 29216386 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntx262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cigarette smoking is one of the largest causes of preventable death worldwide. This study aimed to identify susceptibility loci for age at smoking initiation (ASI) by performing an exome-wide association analysis. METHODS A total of 2510 smokers of either African-American (AA) or European-American (EA) origin were genotyped and analyzed at both the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and gene levels. After removal of those SNPs with a minor allele frequency (<0.01), 48091 and 34933 SNPs for AAs and EAs, respectively, were used to conduct a SNP-based association analysis. Gene-based analyses were then performed for all SNPs examined within each gene. Further, we estimated the proportion of variance explained by all common SNPs included in the analysis. RESULTS The strongest signals were detected for SNPs rs17849904 in the pitrilysin metallopeptidase 1 gene (PITRM1) in the AA sample (p = 9.02 × 10-7) and rs34722354 in the discoidin domain of the receptor tyrosine kinase 2 gene (DDR2) in the EA sample (p = 9.74 × 10-7). Both SNPs remained significant after Bonferroni correction for the number of SNPs tested. Subsequently, the gene-based association analysis revealed a significantly associated gene, DHRS7, in the AA sample (p = 5.00 × 10-6), a gene previously implicated in nicotine metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed two susceptibility loci for age of smoking initiation in the two ethnic samples, with the first being PITRM1 for AA smokers and the second DDR2 for EA smokers. In addition, we found DHRS7 to be a plausible candidate for ASI in the AA sample from our gene-based association analysis. IMPLICATIONS PITRM1 and DHRS7 for African-American smokers and DDR2 for European-American smokers are new candidate genes for smoking initiation. These genes represent new additions to smoking initiation, an important but less studied phenotype in nicotine dependence research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keran Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongli Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kunkai Su
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jennie Z Ma
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Thomas J Payne
- ACT Center for Tobacco Treatment, Education and Research University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS.,Department of Otolaryngology and Communicative Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Ming D Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, USA
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13
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Giménez-Dejoz J, Weber S, Fernández-Pardo Á, Möller G, Adamski J, Porté S, Parés X, Farrés J. Engineering aldo-keto reductase 1B10 to mimic the distinct 1B15 topology and specificity towards inhibitors and substrates, including retinoids and steroids. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 307:186-194. [PMID: 31028727 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily comprises NAD(P)H-dependent enzymes that catalyze the reduction of a variety of carbonyl compounds. AKRs are classified in families and subfamilies. Humans exhibit three members of the AKR1B subfamily: AKR1B1 (aldose reductase, participates in diabetes complications), AKR1B10 (overexpressed in several cancer types), and the recently described AKR1B15. AKR1B10 and AKR1B15 share 92% sequence identity, as well as the capability of being active towards retinaldehyde. However, AKR1B10 and AKR1B15 exhibit strong differences in substrate specificity and inhibitor selectivity. Remarkably, their substrate-binding sites are the most divergent parts between them. Out of 27 residue substitutions, six are changes to Phe residues in AKR1B15. To investigate the participation of these structural changes, especially the Phe substitutions, in the functional features of each enzyme, we prepared two AKR1B10 mutants. The AKR1B10 m mutant carries a segment of six AKR1B15 residues (299-304, including three Phe residues) in the respective AKR1B10 region. An additional substitution (Val48Phe) was incorporated in the second mutant, AKR1B10mF48. This resulted in structures with smaller and more hydrophobic binding pockets, more similar to that of AKR1B15. In general, the AKR1B10 mutants mirrored well the specific functional features of AKR1B15, i.e., the different preferences towards the retinaldehyde isomers, the much higher activity with steroids and ketones, and the unique behavior with inhibitors. It can be concluded that the Phe residues of loop C (299-304) contouring the substrate-binding site, in addition to Phe at position 48, strongly contribute to a narrower and more hydrophobic site in AKR1B15, which would account for its functional uniqueness. In addition, we have investigated the AKR1B10 and AKR1B15 activity toward steroids. While AKR1B10 only exhibits residual activity, AKR1B15 is an efficient 17-ketosteroid reductase. Finally, the functional role of AKR1B15 in steroid and retinaldehyde metabolism is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Giménez-Dejoz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susanne Weber
- Research Unit Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Álvaro Fernández-Pardo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriele Möller
- Research Unit Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Research Unit Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Technische Universität München, 85356, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sergio Porté
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Parés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Farrés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Loerz C, Maser E. The cortisol-activating enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in skeletal muscle in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 174:65-71. [PMID: 28765040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) contributes to intracellular glucocorticoid action by converting inactive cortisone to its receptor-active form cortisol (11-dehydrocorticosterone and corticosterone in mice and rats). The potential role of 11β-HSD1 in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome has emerged over the past three decades. However, the precise impact of 11β-HSD1 in obesity-related diseases remains uncertain. Many studies from animal experiments to clinical studies have investigated liver and adipose tissue 11β-HSD1 in relation to obesity and its metabolic disorders including insulin resistance. But the relevance of 11β-HSD1 in skeletal muscle has been less extensively studied. On the other hand, skeletal muscle is assumed to be the main site of peripheral insulin resistance, but the biological relevance of 11β-HSD1 in skeletal muscle is unclear. This mini-review will focus on 11β-HSD1 in skeletal muscle and its postulated link to obesity and insulin-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Loerz
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Edmund Maser
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
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15
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Zemanová L, Kirubakaran P, Pato IH, Štambergová H, Vondrášek J. The identification of new substrates of human DHRS7 by molecular modeling and in vitro testing. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 105:171-182. [PMID: 28687384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Human DHRS7 (SDR34C1) is one of insufficiently described enzymes of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily. The members of this superfamily often play an important pato/physiological role in the human body, participating in the metabolism of diverse substrates (e.g. retinoids, steroids, xenobiotics). A systematic approach to the identification of novel, physiological substrates of DHRS7 based on a combination of homology modeling, structure-based virtual screening and experimental evaluation has been used. Three novel substrates of DHRS7 (dihydrotestosterone, benzil and 4,4'-dimetylbenzil) have been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Zemanová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Palani Kirubakaran
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ignacio Hernando Pato
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Štambergová
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Vondrášek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry AS CR, Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague, Czech Republic.
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16
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Araya S, Kratschmar DV, Tsachaki M, Stücheli S, Beck KR, Odermatt A. DHRS7 (SDR34C1) - A new player in the regulation of androgen receptor function by inactivation of 5α-dihydrotestosterone? J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 171:288-295. [PMID: 28457967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
DHRS7 (SDR34C1) has been associated with potential tumor suppressor effects in prostate cancer; however, its function remains largely unknown. Recent experiments using purified recombinant human DHRS7 suggested several potential substrates, including the steroids cortisone and Δ4-androstene-3,17-dione (androstenedione). However, the substrate and cofactor concentrations used in these experiments were very high and the physiological relevance of these observations needed to be further investigated. In the present study, recombinant human DHRS7 was expressed in intact HEK-293 cells in order to investigate whether glucocorticoids and androgens serve as substrates at sub-micromolar concentrations and at physiological cofactor concentrations. Furthermore, the membrane topology of DHRS7 was revisited using redox-sensitive green-fluorescent protein fusions in living cells. The results revealed that (1) cortisone is a substrate of DHRS7; however, it is not reduced to cortisol but to 20β-dihydrocortisone, (2) androstenedione is not a relevant substrate of DHRS7, (3) DHRS7 catalyzes the oxoreduction of 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5αDHT) to 3α-androstanediol (3αAdiol), with a suppressive effect on androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional activity, and (4) DHRS7 is anchored in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane with a cytoplasmic orientation. Together, the results show that DHRS7 is a cytoplasmic oriented enzyme exhibiting 3α/20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity, with a possible role in the modulation of AR function. Further research needs to address the physiological relevance of DHRS7 in the inactivation of 5αDHT and AR regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selene Araya
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Denise V Kratschmar
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Tsachaki
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simon Stücheli
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katharina R Beck
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alex Odermatt
- Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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