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Louw-du Toit R, Simons M, Africander D. Progestins and breast cancer hallmarks: The role of the ERK1/2 and JNK pathways in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 237:106440. [PMID: 38048919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Progestins used in hormonal contraceptives and menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) have been linked to increased breast cancer risk. Whether the association holds for all progestins is unclear and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We directly compared the effects of four progestins (medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), norethisterone acetate (NET-A), levonorgestrel (LNG) and drospirenone (DRSP)) to each other and the natural progestogen progesterone (P4) on selected cancer hallmarks. To provide mechanistic insight into these effects, we assessed the role of the progesterone receptor (PR), and the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N terminal (JNK) signaling pathways. We showed that the increased proliferation of the luminal T47D breast cancer cell line by P4 and all progestins, albeit to different extents, was inhibited by PR knockdown and inhibition of both the ERK1/2 and JNK pathways. While knockdown of the PR also blocked the upregulation of MKI67 and CCND1 mRNA expression by selected progestogens, only a role for the ERK1/2 pathway could be established in these effects. Similarly, only a role for the ERK1/2 pathway could be confirmed for progestogen-induced colony formation, whereas both the ERK1/2 and JNK pathways were required for cell migration in response to the three older progestins implicated in the etiology of breast cancer, MPA, NET-A and LNG. Together our results show that all the progestins elicit their effects on cell proliferation via a mechanism requiring the PR, ERK1/2 and JNK pathways. While the ERK1/2 and JNK pathways are also required for increased cell migration by the older progestins, only a role for the ERK1/2 pathway could be established in their effects on colony formation. Notably, the cytoplasmic PR was not needed for activation of the ERK1/2 pathway by the progestogens. Given that DRSP showed significantly lower proliferation than MPA and NET-A, and that it had no effect on breast cancer cell migration and colony formation, hormonal formulations containing the newer generation progestin DRSP may provide a better benefit/risk profile towards breast cancer than those containing the older generation progestins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Louw-du Toit
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
| | - Mishkah Simons
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
| | - Donita Africander
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
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Tao M, Ma H, Fu X, Wang C, Li Y, Hu X, Lv R, Zhou G, Wang J, Liu R, Zhou M, Xu G, Wang Z, Qin X, Long Y, Huang Q, Chen M, Zhou Q. Semaphorin 3F induces colorectal cancer cell chemosensitivity by promoting P27 nuclear export. Front Oncol 2022; 12:899927. [PMID: 36119535 PMCID: PMC9481271 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.899927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) is the third most common malignancy worldwide. Metastatic CRC has a poor prognosis because of chemotherapy resistance. Our previous study demonstrated that semaphorin 3F (SEMA3F) signaling may contribute to reversing chemotherapy resistance in CRC cells by reducing E-cadherin and integrin αvβ3 expression levels. Another study showed that upregulation of p27 significantly increase the expression of E-cadherin and integrin. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of SEMA3F on P27 and whether it can reverse resistance in CRC cells. We compared the chemosensitivity of human colorectal cancer cell lines with different SEMA3F expression levels to 5-Fu through cell experiment and animal experiment. Then the interaction between SEMA3F and p27 and its possible mechanism were explored by Western Blot, immunofluorescence and immunocoprecipitation. We also compared the disease-free survival of 118 CRC patients with high or low expression of SEMA3F.The results showed that overexpresstion of SEMA3F enhanced the chemotherapy sensitivity and apoptosis of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Among 118 postoperative CRC specimens, the disease-free survival of patients with positive SEMA3F expression was significantly longer than that with negative SEMA3F expression after adjuvant treatment. Upregulation of SEMA3F in multicellular spheroid culture (MSC) could increase p27 phosphorylation at serine 10 (Ser10), subsequently promote the cytosolic translocation of P27. Overall, our results reveal a novel molecular mechanism: SEMA3F mediates the degradation of p27 and regulates its subcellular localization to enhance chemosensitivity to 5-Fu in CRC cells, rather than inhibits p27 expression.
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Li K, Huang Z, Tian S, Chen Y, Yuan Y, Yuan J, Zou X, Zhou F. MicroRNA-877-5p alleviates ARDS via enhancing PI3K/Akt path by targeting CDKN1B both in vivo and in vitro. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 95:107530. [PMID: 33735715 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a public health problem with high morbidity and mortality worldwide due to lacking known characteristic biomarkers and timely intervention. Pulmonary edema caused by inflammation and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell disfunction is the main pathophysiological change of ARDS. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are differentially expressed between subjects who did and did not develop ARDS. Many miRNAs have been exemplified to be involved in ARDS and could represent the novel therapeutic targets, but the role of microRNA-877-5p (miR-877-5p) in ARDS and its regulatory mechanisms are still unknown. Herein, we explore the underlying function of miR-877-5p toward anesis of ARDS and addressed that miRNA-877 can reduce the release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 thus attenuating the damage of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). Have further evaluated the protein expression, we detected that miR-877-5p contributed to the relief of ARDS by suppressing Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B), which serves as a regulator of endothelial cell polarization and migration through phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and AKT (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway. Besides, we noticed that CDKN1B restrains cell differentiation by inhibiting Cdk2 (cyclin-dependent kinase 2), instead of Cdk4 (cyclin-dependent kinase 4), during which the nuclear translocation of CDKN1B may participate. Together, our works testified that miR-877-5p might suppress inflammatory responses and promote HPMECs regeneration via targeting CDKN1B by modulation of Cdk2 and PI3K/Akt path. These molecules likely modulating ARDS progression may inform biomarkers and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Zuoting Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Shijing Tian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Jianghan Yuan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Xuan Zou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Fachun Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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Hu J, Ge W, Xiao L, Zeng J, Lv J, Ding Z, Wang W, Duan H, Li F. Assessment of progesterone synthesis and its regulation role on dihydrotestosterone secretion in sheep epididymis. Gene 2021; 790:145699. [PMID: 33964380 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone (P4) is an anti-androgen compound whose role in sperm maturation and functionality remains unclear in sheep. Here, we aimed to investigate the regulation mechanism of P4 on the epididymal secretion of dihydrotestosterone (DHT). To this end, we performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, immunohistochemical staining, western blotting, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect P4 concentration as well as StAR, P450scc, and 3β-HSD expression in sheep epididymis. Besides, cauda epithelial cells were cultured at different concentrations of P4 (10-9-10-5 g ml-1) as well as with or without the P4 receptor (PGR) inhibitor RU486 (10-7 M) or the PI3K-AKT inhibitor LY294006 (10-7 M) to explore the effect of P4 on DHT secretion and the underlying regulatory mechanism. The results showed that the caput, corpus, and cauda of sheep epididymis could synthesize P4 but had different synthesis ability. The PGR expression levels were the highest in the cauda, followed by the corpus. In vitro cell culture showed that P4 inhibition of DHT secretion and 5α-reductase 1 and 2 expression in epididymal epithelial cells could be moderately mitigated by RU486 but not by LY294002. Our results indicated that the paracrine and autocrine P4 could affect the secretion of DHT in epididymal cells through PGR. Overall, this study provides new data regarding the involvement of P4 in sperm maturation and functionality in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenbo Ge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Longfei Xiao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlin Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianshu Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ziqiang Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Fadi Li
- Animal Science and Technology College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
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Cantonero C, Salido GM, Rosado JA, Redondo PC. PGRMC1 Inhibits Progesterone-Evoked Proliferation and Ca 2+ Entry Via STIM2 in MDA-MB-231 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207641. [PMID: 33076541 PMCID: PMC7589959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) has been shown to regulate some cancer hallmarks. Progesterone (P4) evokes intracellular calcium (Ca2+) changes in the triple-negative breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and BT-20) and in other breast cancer cell lines like the luminal MCF7 cells. PGRMC1 expression is elevated in MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells as compared to non-tumoral MCF10A cell line, and PGRMC1 silencing enhances P4-evoked Ca2+ mobilization. Here, we found a new P4-dependent Ca2+ mobilization pathway in MDA-MB-231 cells and other triple-negative breast cancer cells, as well as in MCF7 cells that involved Stromal interaction molecule 2 (STIM2), Calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 (Orai1), and Transient Receptor Potential Channel 1 (TRPC1). Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) was not involved in this novel Ca2+ pathway, as evidenced by using siRNA STIM1. PGRMC1 silencing reduced the negative effect of P4 on cell proliferation and cell death in MDA-MB-231 cells. In line with the latter observation, Nuclear Factor of Activated T-Cells 1 (NFAT1) nuclear accumulation due to P4 incubation for 48 h was enhanced in cells transfected with the small hairpin siRNA against PGRMC1 (shPGRMC1). These results provide evidence for a novel P4-evoked Ca2+ entry pathway that is downregulated by PGRMC1.
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Wang HC, Huo YN, Lee WS. Folic acid prevents the progesterone-promoted proliferation and migration in breast cancer cell lines. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:2333-2344. [PMID: 31502059 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We previously demonstrated that progesterone (P4) interacted with folic acid (FA) and abolished the FA-reduced endothelial cell proliferation and migration. These findings led us to investigate whether FA can interfere with the P4-promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. METHODS We conducted MTT and wound healing assay to evaluate cell proliferation and migration, respectively. Western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation were performed to examine the protein expression and protein-protein interaction, respectively. RESULTS We demonstrated that P4 promoted proliferation and migration of breast cancer cell lines (T47D, MCF-7, BT474, and BT483). However, co-treatment with P4 and FA together abolished these promotion effects. Treatment with P4 alone increased the formation of PR-cSrc complex and the phosphorylation of cSrc at tyrosine 416 (Tyr416). However, co-treatment with P4 and FA together increased the formations of cSrc-p140Cap, cSrc-Csk, and cSrc-p-Csk complex, and the phosphorylation of cSrc at tyrosine 527 (Tyr527). Co-treatment with P4 and FA together also abolished the activation of cSrc-mediated signaling pathways involved in the P4-promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. CONCLUSIONS Co-treatment with FA and P4 together abolished the P4-promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and migration through decreasing the formation of PR-cSrc complex and increasing the formations of cSrc-p140Cap and cSrc-Csk complex, subsequently activating Csk, which in turn suppressed the phosphorylation of cSrc at Tyr416 and increased the phosphorylation of cSrc at Tyr527, hence inactivating the cSrc-mediated signaling pathways. The findings from this study might provide a new strategy for preventing the P4-promoted breast cancer progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Nien Huo
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Cancer Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Liu X, Song M, Wang P, Zhao R, Chen H, Zhang M, Shi Y, Liu K, Liu F, Yang R, Li E, Bode AM, Dong Z, Lee M. Targeted therapy of the AKT kinase inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma growth in vitro and in vivo. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:1007-1019. [PMID: 30887517 PMCID: PMC6618024 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer, a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, is associated with abnormal activation of the AKT signaling pathway. Xanthohumol, a prenylated flavonoid tested in clinical trials, is reported to exert anti-diabetes, anti-inflammation and anticancer activities. However, the mechanisms underlying its chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic effects remain elusive. In the present study, we found that xanthohumol directly targeted AKT1/2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Xanthohumol significantly inhibited the AKT kinase activity in an ATP competitive manner, which was confirmed in binding and computational docking models. KYSE70, 450 and 510 ESCC cell lines highly express AKT and knockdown of AKT1/2 suppressed proliferation of these cells. Treatment with xanthohumol inhibited ESCC cell growth and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. Xanthohumol also decreased expression of cyclin D1 and increased the levels of cleaved caspase-3, -7 and -PARP as well as Bax, Bims and cytochrome c in ESCC cells by downregulating AKT signaling targets, including glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), mammalian target of rapamycin, and ribosomal protein S6 (S6K). Furthermore, xanthohumol decreased tumor volume and weight in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) that highly expressed AKT, but had no effect on PDXs that exhibited low expression of AKT in vivo. Kinase array results showed that xanthohumol treatment decreased phosphorylated p27 expression in both ESCC cell lines and PDX models. Taken together, our data suggest that the inhibition of ESCC tumor growth with xanthohumol is caused by targeting AKT. These results provide good evidence for translation toward clinical trials with xanthohumol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Liu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Mengqiu Song
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Penglei Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Ran Zhao
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of MinnesotaAustinMinnesota
| | - Man Zhang
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Kangdong Liu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer ChemopreventionZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Fangfang Liu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Ran Yang
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Enmin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdongChina
| | - Ann M. Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of MinnesotaAustinMinnesota
| | - Zigang Dong
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
- The Hormel Institute, University of MinnesotaAustinMinnesota
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer ChemopreventionZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Mee‐Hyun Lee
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
- The Hormel Institute, University of MinnesotaAustinMinnesota
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