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Singh G, Varshney V, Goyal A, Ali N, Iqbal M, Kaur I, Vargas-De-La-Cruz C, Behl T. Chrysin restores the cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning in diabetes-challenged rat heart. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22052. [PMID: 38027733 PMCID: PMC10663930 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is the utmost capable design to achieve protection over ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R), but this phenomenon gets attenuated during various pathological conditions like diabetes. Chrysin exhibits cardioprotection in various experiments however, its therapeutic potential on IPC-mediated cardioprotection via PI3K-Akt-eNOS pathway in streptozotocin (STZ) triggered diabetes-challenged rat heart is yet to be assessed. For that reason, the experiment has been planned to investigate chrysin's effect on the cardioprotective action of IPC involving the PI3K-Akt-eNOS cascade in rat hearts challenged to diabetes. Methods The project was accomplished through means of absorbance studies for biochemical parameters, infarct size measurement (TTC stain) and coronary flow. Results The findings of the present study revealed that STZ drastically augmented the serum glucose level and the chrysin significantly reversed the IPC-stimulated increased coronary flow, nitrite release, and reduced LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), CK-MB (creatine kinase) activities as well as infarct size in diabetes-induced rat heart. Furthermore, chrysin also reversed the IPC-induced reduction in oxidative stress in an isolated Langendorff's perfused diabetic rat heart. Moreover, four episodes of preconditioning by either PI3K or eNOS inhibitor in chrysin-pretreated diabetic rat hearts significantly abolished the protective effect of chrysin. Conclusion Consequently, these observations suggested that chrysin increases the therapeutic efficiency of IPC in mitigating I/R injury via PI3K-Akt-eNOS signalling in diabetes-challenged rat hearts. Hence, chrysin could be a potential alternative option to IPC in diabetic rat hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetanjali Singh
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vibhav Varshney
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ahsas Goyal
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muzaffar Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishnoor Kaur
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glassgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Celia Vargas-De-La-Cruz
- Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
- E-Health Research Center, Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Lima, Peru
| | - Tapan Behl
- Amity School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amity University, Punjab, India
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Zhang T, Deng W, Deng Y, Liu Y, Xiao S, Luo Y, Xiang W, He Q. Mechanisms of ferroptosis regulating oxidative stress and energy metabolism in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and a novel perspective of natural plant active ingredients for its treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:114706. [PMID: 37400352 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction remains the leading cause of death in humans. Timely restoration of blood perfusion to ischemic myocardium remains the most effective strategy in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, which can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality. However, after restoration of blood flow and reperfusion, myocardial injury will aggravate and induce apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, a process called myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Studies have shown that the loss and death of cardiomyocytes caused by oxidative stress, iron load, increased lipid peroxidation, inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, etc., are involved in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. In recent years, with the in-depth research on the pathology of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, people have gradually realized that there is a new form of cell death in the pathological process of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, namely ferroptosis. A number of studies have found that in the myocardial tissue of patients with acute myocardial infarction, there are pathological changes closely related to ferroptosis, such as iron metabolism disorder, lipid peroxidation, and increased reactive oxygen species free radicals. Natural plant products such as resveratrol, baicalin, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, naringenin, and astragaloside IV can also exert therapeutic effects by correcting the imbalance of these ferroptosis-related factors and expression levels. Combining with our previous studies, this review summarizes the regulatory mechanism of natural plant products intervening ferroptosis in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in recent years, in order to provide reference information for the development of targeted ferroptosis inhibitor drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde 415003, Hunan, China
| | - Wenxu Deng
- The Central Hospital of Hengyang, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Ying Deng
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, Hunan, China
| | - Yao Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hengyang Medcial School, University of South China, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Sijie Xiao
- Department of Ultrasound, The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde 415003, China
| | - Yanfang Luo
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wang Xiang
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde 415003, China
| | - Qi He
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, Hunan, China
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Akki R, Siracusa R, Cordaro M, Remigante A, Morabito R, Errami M, Marino A. Adaptation to oxidative stress at cellular and tissue level. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:521-531. [PMID: 31835914 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1702059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Several in vitro and in vivo investigations have already proved that cells and tissues, when pre-exposed to low oxidative stress by different stimuli such as chemical, physical agents and environmental factors, display more resistance against subsequent stronger ischaemic injuries, resulting in an adaptive response known as ischaemic preconditioning (IPC). The aim of this review is to report the most recent knowledge about the complex adaptive mechanisms, including signalling transduction pathways, antioxidant systems, apoptotic and inflammation pathways, underlying cell protection against oxidative damage. In addition, an update about in vivo adaptation strategies in response to ischaemic/reperfusion episodes and brain trauma is also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Akki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Abdelmalek Essaadi, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessia Remigante
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rossana Morabito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mohammed Errami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Abdelmalek Essaadi, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Angela Marino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Goyal A, Agrawal N, Jain A, Gupta JK, Garabadu D. Role of caveolin-eNOS platform and mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel in abrogated cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning in postmenopausal women. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ankit Jain
- Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University, India
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Alsahly MB, Zakari MO, Koch LG, Britton S, Katwa LC, Lust RM. Influence of Intrinsic Aerobic Exercise Capacity and Sex on Cardiac Injury Following Acute Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:751864. [PMID: 34901212 PMCID: PMC8661003 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.751864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Previous reports have suggested that active exercise aside, intrinsic aerobic running capacity (Low = LCR, high = HCR) in otherwise sedentary animals may influence several cardiovascular health-related indicators. Relative to the HCR phenotype, the LCR phenotype is characterized by decreased endothelial reactivity, increased susceptibility to reperfusion-induced arrhythmias following short, non-infarction ischemia, and increased diet-induced insulin resistance. More broadly, the LCR phenotype has come to be characterized as a "disease prone" model, with the HCRs as "disease resistant." Whether these effects extend to injury outcomes in an overt infarction or whether the effects are gender specific is not known. This study was designed to determine whether HCR/LCR phenotypic differences would be evident in injury responses to acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (AIR), measured as infarct size and to determine whether sex differences in infarction size were preserved with phenotypic selection. Methods: Regional myocardial AIR was induced in vivo by either 15 or 30 min ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Global ischemia was induced in isolated hearts ex vivo using a Langendorff perfusion system and cessation of perfusion for either 15 or 30 min followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Infarct size was determined using 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, and normalized to area at risk in the regional model, or whole heart in the global model. Portions of the tissue were paraffin embedded for H&E staining and histology analysis. Results: Phenotype dependent differences in infarct size were seen with 15 min occlusion/2 h reperfusion (LCR > HCR, p < 0.05) in both regional and global models. In both models, longer occlusion times (30 min/2 h) produced significantly larger infarctions in both phenotypes, but phenotypic differences were no longer present (LCR vs. HCR, p = n.s.). Sex differences in infarct size were present in each phenotype (LCR male > LCR female, p < 0.05; HCR male > HCR female, p < 0.05 regardless of length of occlusion, or ischemia model. Conclusions: There is cardioprotection afforded by high intrinsic aerobic capacity, but it is not infinite/continuous, and may be overcome with sufficient injury burden. Phenotypic selection based on endurance running capacity preserved sex differences in response to both short and longer term coronary occlusive challenges. Outcomes could not be associated with differences in system characteristics such as circulating inflammatory mediators or autonomic nervous system influences, as similar phenotypic injury patterns were seen in vivo, and in isolated crystalloid perfused heart ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musaad B Alsahly
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Madaniah O Zakari
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lauren G Koch
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Steven Britton
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Molecular and Integrative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Laxmansa C Katwa
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Robert M Lust
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.,East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Center, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
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Remote and Anesthetic-Induced Myocardial Preconditioning Is Preserved in Atherosclerotic LDL Receptor-/- Mice In Vivo. Cardiovasc Ther 2021; 2021:5596590. [PMID: 34113390 PMCID: PMC8166506 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5596590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the animal model, preconditioning is a powerful weapon against ischemic damage. The reason why the human heart cannot be protected from ischemic damage by preconditioning remains unclear. There are assumptions that the lack of preconditioning in humans is caused by concomitant diseases such as dyslipoproteinemia and arteriosclerosis. This study investigates whether dyslipoproteinemia and the resulting arteriosclerosis can be a cause of a reduced precondition effect of heart in mice. Methods LDL receptor-deficient mice were fed a long-term (14-16 weeks) high-fat atherogenic diet to induce arteriosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis was identified by histological examination and vessel contraction tests. LDLR-/- and wild-type mice were randomly assigned to anesthetic-induced, remote ischemic, or no preconditioning. All mice were subjected to 45 minutes of coronary artery occlusion and 180 minutes of reperfusion. The area at risk and infarct size were determined by Evans Blue and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Results Histopathological examination showed atherosclerosis in high-fat atherogenic fed LDLR-/- mice, and the vessel relaxation capacity was significantly reduced compared to wild-type mice. In the wild type, as expected, infarct size was significantly reduced by preconditioning compared to the control. In LDLR-/- mice, infarct size was significantly reduced by preconditioning compared to the control. Surprisingly, the LDLR-/- control group also had a significantly reduced infarct size compared to the wild-type control group. Conclusion We were able to demonstrate that a high-fat diet morphologically and functionally triggered atherosclerosis in LDLR-/- mice. Interestingly, LDLR-/- mice with an atherogenic diet had smaller infarct sizes compared to wild-type mice. Moreover, preconditioning additionally reduced myocardial infarct size in LDLR-/- mice. A long-term high-fat atherogenic diet and preconditioning seem to result in additive cardioprotection in LDLR-/- mice.
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Ansari M, Kurian GA. Diabetic animal fed with high-fat diet prevents the protective effect of myocardial ischemic preconditioning effect in isolated rat heart perfusion model. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22457. [PMID: 32022976 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic heart (diabetes mellitus [DM]) has been shown to attenuate the beneficial effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in rat heart. But the effect of IPC on diabetic rat heart that develops myopathy remains unclear. This study was designed to test the impact of IPC on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) rat heart. Male Wistar rats were grouped as (a) normal, (b) DM (streptozotocin: 65 mg/kg; fed with normal diet), and (c) DCM (streptozotocin: 65 mg/kg; fed with high-fat diet). Isolated rat hearts from each group were randomly subjected to (a) normal perfusion, (b) ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), and (c) IPC procedure. At the end of the perfusion experiments, hearts were analyzed for injury, contractile function, mitochondrial activity, and oxidative stress. The results obtained from hemodynamics, cardiac injury markers, and caspase-3 activity showed that DCM rat displayed prominent I/R-associated cardiac abnormalities than DM rat heart. But the deteriorated physiological performance and cardiac injury were not recovered in both DM and DCM heart by IPC procedure. Unlike normal rat heart, IPC did not reverse mitochondrial dysfunction (determined by electron transport chain enzymes activity, ATP level, and membrane integrity, expression levels of genes like PGC-1ɑ, GSK3β, complex I, II, and V) in DCM and DM rat heart. The present study demonstrated that IPC failed to protect I/R-challenged DCM rat heart, and the underlying pathology was associated with deteriorated mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahalakshmi Ansari
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Gino A Kurian
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
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Molecular mechanisms of cardiac pathology in diabetes - Experimental insights. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1864:1949-1959. [PMID: 29109032 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a distinct pathology independent of co-morbidities such as coronary artery disease and hypertension. Diminished glucose uptake due to impaired insulin signaling and decreased expression of glucose transporters is associated with a shift towards increased reliance on fatty acid oxidation and reduced cardiac efficiency in diabetic hearts. The cardiac metabolic profile in diabetes is influenced by disturbances in circulating glucose, insulin and fatty acids, and alterations in cardiomyocyte signaling. In this review, we focus on recent preclinical advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Genetic manipulation of cardiomyocyte insulin signaling intermediates has demonstrated that partial cardiac functional rescue can be achieved by upregulation of the insulin signaling pathway in diabetic hearts. Inconsistent findings have been reported relating to the role of cardiac AMPK and β-adrenergic signaling in diabetes, and systemic administration of agents targeting these pathways appear to elicit some cardiac benefit, but whether these effects are related to direct cardiac actions is uncertain. Overload of cardiomyocyte fuel storage is evident in the diabetic heart, with accumulation of glycogen and lipid droplets. Cardiac metabolic dysregulation in diabetes has been linked with oxidative stress and autophagy disturbance, which may lead to cell death induction, fibrotic 'backfill' and cardiac dysfunction. This review examines the weight of evidence relating to the molecular mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy, with a particular focus on metabolic and signaling pathways. Areas of uncertainty in the field are highlighted and important knowledge gaps for further investigation are identified. This article is part of a Special issue entitled Cardiac adaptations to obesity, diabetes and insulin resistance, edited by Professors Jan F.C. Glatz, Jason R.B. Dyck and Christine Des Rosiers.
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