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Nicolaou A, Kendall AC. Bioactive lipids in the skin barrier mediate its functionality in health and disease. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 260:108681. [PMID: 38897295 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Our skin protects us from external threats including ultraviolet radiation, pathogens and chemicals, and prevents excessive trans-epidermal water loss. These varied activities are reliant on a vast array of lipids, many of which are unique to skin, and that support physical, microbiological and immunological barriers. The cutaneous physical barrier is dependent on a specific lipid matrix that surrounds terminally-differentiated keratinocytes in the stratum corneum. Sebum- and keratinocyte-derived lipids cover the skin's surface and support and regulate the skin microbiota. Meanwhile, lipids signal between resident and infiltrating cutaneous immune cells, driving inflammation and its resolution in response to pathogens and other threats. Lipids of particular importance include ceramides, which are crucial for stratum corneum lipid matrix formation and therefore physical barrier functionality, fatty acids, which contribute to the acidic pH of the skin surface and regulate the microbiota, as well as the stratum corneum lipid matrix, and bioactive metabolites of these fatty acids, involved in cell signalling, inflammation, and numerous other cutaneous processes. These diverse and complex lipids maintain homeostasis in healthy skin, and are implicated in many cutaneous diseases, as well as unrelated systemic conditions with skin manifestations, and processes such as ageing. Lipids also contribute to the gut-skin axis, signalling between the two barrier sites. Therefore, skin lipids provide a valuable resource for exploration of healthy cutaneous processes, local and systemic disease development and progression, and accessible biomarker discovery for systemic disease, as well as an opportunity to fully understand the relationship between the host and the skin microbiota. Investigation of skin lipids could provide diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and help identify new targets for interventions. Development and improvement of existing in vitro and in silico approaches to explore the cutaneous lipidome, as well as advances in skin lipidomics technologies, will facilitate ongoing progress in skin lipid research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nicolaou
- Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Biology, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK; Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
| | - Alexandra C Kendall
- Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Biology, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
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2
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Aleynik DY, Charykova IN, Rubtsova YP, Linkova DD, Farafontova EA, Egorikhina MN. Specific Features of the Functional Activity of Human Adipose Stromal Cells in the Structure of a Partial Skin-Equivalent. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6290. [PMID: 38927998 PMCID: PMC11203524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal adipose stromal cells (ASCs) are considered the most promising and accessible material for translational medicine. ASCs can be used independently or within the structure of scaffold-based constructs, as these not only ensure mechanical support, but can also optimize conditions for cell activity, as specific features of the scaffold structure have an impact on the vital activity of the cells. This manuscript presents a study of the secretion and accumulation that occur in a conditioned medium during the cultivation of human ASCs within the structure of such a partial skin-equivalent that is in contact with it. It is demonstrated that the ASCs retain their functional activity during cultivation both within this partial skin-equivalent structure and, separately, on plastic substrates: they proliferate and secrete various proteins that can then accumulate in the conditioned media. Our comparative study of changes in the conditioned media during cultivation of ASCs on plastic and within the partial skin-equivalent structure reveals the different dynamics of the release and accumulation of such secretory factors in the media under a variety of conditions of cell functioning. It is also demonstrated that the optimal markers for assessment of the ASCs' secretory functions in the studied partial skin-equivalent structure are the trophic factors VEGF-A, HGF, MCP, SDF-1α, IL-6 and IL-8. The results will help with the development of an algorithm for preclinical studies of this skin-equivalent in vitro and may be useful in studying various other complex constructs that include ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marfa N. Egorikhina
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 603005 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (D.Y.A.); (I.N.C.); (Y.P.R.); (D.D.L.); (E.A.F.)
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3
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Liu Z, Du X, Xu L, Shi Q, Tang X, Cao Y, Song K. The therapeutic perspective of cold atmospheric plasma in periodontal disease. Oral Dis 2024; 30:938-948. [PMID: 36825384 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Periodontal disease (PD) is one of the most common infectious diseases with complex inflammatory conditions, having irreversibly destructive impacts on the periodontal supporting tissues. The application of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a promising adjuvant therapy modality for PD. However, the mechanism of CAP in PD treatment is still poorly understood. The review motivates to outline the latest researches concerning the applications of CAP in PD treatment. METHODS We searched CAP-related literature through utilizing the well-established databases of Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science according to the following keywords related to periodontal disease (periodontal, gingival, gingivitis, gingiva, periodontium, periodontitis). RESULTS A total of 18 concerning original studies were found. These studies could be classified according to three pathophysiological perspectives of PD. The therapeutic mechanisms of CAP may be attributed to the oxidative stress-related cell death of periodontal bacteria, the suppression of periodontal inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, as well as the acceleration of periodontal soft tissue wound healing and hard tissue reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS Cold atmospheric plasma has potential therapeutic effects on PD through three mechanisms: antimicrobial effect, inflammation attenuation, and tissue remodeling. This review hopefully provides a comprehensive perspective into the potential of CAP in PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Xijin Du
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Lianyi Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuezhi Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingguang Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
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Ryan PM, Scherry H, Pierson R, Wilson CD, Probe RA. NSAID use in orthopedic surgery: A review of current evidence and clinical practice guidelines. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:707-716. [PMID: 38273720 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a valuable class of medications for orthopedic surgeons and often play a pivotal role in pain control. However, there are many common stipulations resulting in avoidance of its use in the treatment of musculoskeletal disease. This review summarizes the mechanism of action of NSAIDs as well as provides an overview of commonly used NSAIDs and the differences between them. It provides a concise summary on the osseous effects of NSAIDs with regard to bone healing and heterotopic ossification. Most of all, it serves as a guide or reference for orthopedic providers when counseling patients on the risks and benefits of NSAID use, as it addresses the common stipulations encountered: "It irritates my stomach," "I have a history of bariatric surgery," "I'm already on a blood thinner," "I've had a heart attack," and "I've got kidney problems" and synthesizes both current research and society recommendations regarding safe use and avoidance of NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ryan Pierson
- Washington University Orthopaedics, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
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Miyanaga T, Yoshitomi Y, Miyanaga A. Perifascial areolar tissue graft promotes angiogenesis and wound healing in an exposed ischemic component rabbit model. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298971. [PMID: 38377120 PMCID: PMC10878522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies have reported the use of perifascial areolar tissue (PAT) grafts to treat wounds involving exposed ischemic tissues, avascular structures, and defective membrane structures. Our objective was to assess the quantitative effects of PAT grafts and their suitability for wounds with ischemic tissue exposure and to qualitatively determine the factors through which PAT promotes wound healing and repair. We conducted histological, immunohistochemical, and mass spectrometric analyses of the PAT grafts. PAT grafts contain numerous CD34+ progenitor/stem cells, extracellular matrix, growth factors, and cytokines that promote wound healing and angiogenesis. Furthermore, we established a male rabbit model to compare the efficacy of PAT grafting with that of an occlusive dressing treatment (control) for wounds with cartilage exposure. PAT grafts could cover ischemic components with granulation tissue and promote angiogenesis. Macroscopic and histological observations of the PAT graft on postoperative day seven revealed capillaries bridging the ischemic tissue (vascular bridging). Additionally, the PAT graft suppressed wound contraction and alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) levels and promoted epithelialization. These findings suggested that PAT can serve as a platform to enhance wound healing and promote angiogenesis. This is the first study to quantify the therapeutic efficacy of PAT grafts, revealing their high value for the treatment of wounds involving exposed ischemic structures. The effectiveness of PAT grafts can be attributed to two primary factors: vascular bridging and the provision of three essential elements (progenitor/stem cells, extracellular matrix molecules, and growth factors/cytokines). Moreover, PAT grafts may be used as transplant materials to mitigate excessive wound contraction and the development of hypertrophic scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Miyanaga
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yasuo Yoshitomi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Aiko Miyanaga
- Department of Nursing, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku, Ishikawa, Japan
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Jahangirnezhad M, Mahmoudinezhad SS, Moradi M, Moradi K, Rohani A, Tayebi L. Bone Scaffold Materials in Periodontal and Tooth-supporting Tissue Regeneration: A Review. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:449-460. [PMID: 36578254 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666221227142055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Periodontium is an important tooth-supporting tissue composed of both hard (alveolar bone and cementum) and soft (gingival and periodontal ligament) sections. Due to the multi-tissue architecture of periodontium, reconstruction of each part can be influenced by others. This review focuses on the bone section of the periodontium and presents the materials used in tissue engineering scaffolds for its reconstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS The following databases (2015 to 2021) were electronically searched: ProQuest, EMBASE, SciFinder, MRS Online Proceedings Library, Medline, and Compendex. The search was limited to English-language publications and in vivo studies. RESULTS Eighty-three articles were found in primary searching. After applying the inclusion criteria, seventeen articles were incorporated into this study. CONCLUSION In complex periodontal defects, various types of scaffolds, including multilayered ones, have been used for the functional reconstruction of different parts of periodontium. While there are some multilayered scaffolds designed to regenerate alveolar bone/periodontal ligament/cementum tissues of periodontium in a hierarchically organized construct, no scaffold could so far consider all four tissues involved in a complete periodontal defect. The progress and material considerations in the regeneration of the bony part of periodontium are presented in this work to help investigators develop tissue engineering scaffolds suitable for complete periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Jahangirnezhad
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sadaf Sadat Mahmoudinezhad
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Melika Moradi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kooshan Moradi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Rohani
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA
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7
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Yu N, Li T, Qiu Z, Xu J, Li Y, Huang J, Yang Y, Li Z, Long X, Zhang H. Wip1 regulates wound healing by affecting activities of keratinocytes and endothelial cells through ATM-p53 and mTOR signaling. Burns 2023; 49:1969-1982. [PMID: 37357059 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a p53-regulated gene, Wip1 regulates proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and senescence of several type cells, but its biological functions in keratinocytes and endothelial cells which are involved wound healing are not fully understood. This study aims to reveal the function and underlying mechanism of Wip1 in wound healing using models of transgenic animal, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. METHODS Using Wip1 knockout C57 BL/6 mice, we investigated effect of Wip1 deficiency on wound healing and angiogenesis; And using HaCaT and HUVEC as keratinocytes and endothelial cells, combined using primary keratinocytes from Wip1 knockout mice, we studied the effects of Wip1 knockdown/knockout or overexpression on proliferation, migration, and protein expressions of signaling components in ATM-p53 and mTOR pathway. RESULTS Wip1 deficiency in mice impaired the wound repair and endothelial angiogenesis, reduced the thickness of granulation tissue, and decreased the number of Ki67-positive cells and CD31 positive vessels in granulation tissue. Knockdown of Wip1 by shRNAs suppressed the proliferation and migration of HaCaT and HUVEC cells and induced notably apoptosis in the two cells. In western blot, Wip1 knockdown enriched p53 and ATM proteins, while decreased activated AKT, mTOR and activated S6 ribosomal protein (pS6) levels in HaCaT and HUVEC cells. Ectopic expression of Wip1 decreased the p53 and ATM proteins, while increased activated AKT, mTOR and pS6 levels in HaCaT and HUVEC cells. And in primary keratinocytes from mice tail skin, Wip1 knockout increased p53 and ATM, while decreased activated AKT, mTOR and pS6 protein levels. CONCLUSION Our study directly supports that Wip1 regulated skin wound healing possibly by affecting bioactivities including proliferation, migration and apoptosis of keratinocytes and endothelial cells at least through by modulating ATM-p53 and mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanze Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tianhao Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zikai Qiu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yunzhu Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuzuo Huang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yilan Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhujun Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Long
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- Department of Physiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
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Salahudeen AA, Seoane JA, Yuki K, Mah AT, Smith AR, Kolahi K, De la O SM, Hart DJ, Ding J, Ma Z, Barkal SA, Shukla ND, Zhang CH, Cantrell MA, Batish A, Usui T, Root DE, Hahn WC, Curtis C, Kuo CJ. Functional screening of amplification outlier oncogenes in organoid models of early tumorigenesis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113355. [PMID: 37922313 PMCID: PMC10841581 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic copy number gains are pervasive across cancer types, yet their roles in oncogenesis are insufficiently evaluated. This inadequacy is partly due to copy gains spanning large chromosomal regions, obscuring causal loci. Here, we employed organoid modeling to evaluate candidate oncogenic loci identified via integrative computational analysis of extreme copy gains overlapping with extreme expression dysregulation in The Cancer Genome Atlas. Subsets of "outlier" candidates were contextually screened as tissue-specific cDNA lentiviral libraries within cognate esophagus, oral cavity, colon, stomach, pancreas, and lung organoids bearing initial oncogenic mutations. Iterative analysis nominated the kinase DYRK2 at 12q15 as an amplified head and neck squamous carcinoma oncogene in p53-/- oral mucosal organoids. Similarly, FGF3, amplified at 11q13 in 41% of esophageal squamous carcinomas, promoted p53-/- esophageal organoid growth reversible by small molecule and soluble receptor antagonism of FGFRs. Our studies establish organoid-based contextual screening of candidate genomic drivers, enabling functional evaluation during early tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameen A Salahudeen
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Jose A Seoane
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Oncology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Cancer Computational Biology Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Kanako Yuki
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Amanda T Mah
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Amber R Smith
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kevin Kolahi
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sean M De la O
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Daniel J Hart
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jie Ding
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Oncology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zhicheng Ma
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Oncology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sammy A Barkal
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Navika D Shukla
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chuck H Zhang
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael A Cantrell
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Arpit Batish
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tatsuya Usui
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David E Root
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - William C Hahn
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Christina Curtis
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Oncology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Genetics, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Calvin J Kuo
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Divisions of Hematology, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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9
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Huang CX, Siwan E, Fox SL, Longfield M, Twigg SM, Min D. Comparison of digital and traditional skin wound closure assessment methods in mice. Lab Anim Res 2023; 39:25. [PMID: 37891640 PMCID: PMC10605778 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-023-00176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic skin wounds are a common complication of many diseases such as diabetes. Various traditional methods for assessing skin wound closure are used in animal studies, including wound tracing, calliper measurements and histological analysis. However, these methods have poorly defined wound closure or practical limitations. Digital image analysis of wounds is an increasingly popular, accessible alternative, but it is unclear whether digital assessment is consistent with traditional methods. This study aimed to optimise and compare digital wound closure assessment with traditional methods, using a diabetic mouse model. Diabetes was induced in male C57BL/6J mice by high-fat diet feeding combined with low dose (65 mg/kg of body weight) streptozotocin injections. Mice fed normal chow were included as controls. After 18 weeks, four circular full-thickness dorsal skin wounds of 4 mm diameter were created per mouse. The wounds were photographed and measured by callipers. Wound closure rate (WCR) was digitally assessed by two reporters using two methods: wound outline (WCR-O) and re-epithelialisation (WCR-E). Wounded skin tissues were collected at 10-days post-wounding and wound width was measured from haematoxylin and eosin-stained skin tissue. RESULTS Between reporters, WCR-O was more consistent than WCR-E, and WCR-O correlated with calliper measurements. Histological analysis supported digital assessments, especially WCR-E, when wounds were histologically closed. CONCLUSIONS WCR-O could replace calliper measurements to measure skin wound closure, but WCR-E assessment requires further refinement. Small animal studies of skin wound healing can greatly benefit from standardised definitions of wound closure and more consistent digital assessment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coco X Huang
- Greg Brown Diabetes and Endocrine Research Laboratory, Sydney Medical School (Central), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elisha Siwan
- Greg Brown Diabetes and Endocrine Research Laboratory, Sydney Medical School (Central), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah L Fox
- Greg Brown Diabetes and Endocrine Research Laboratory, Sydney Medical School (Central), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matilda Longfield
- Greg Brown Diabetes and Endocrine Research Laboratory, Sydney Medical School (Central), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen M Twigg
- Greg Brown Diabetes and Endocrine Research Laboratory, Sydney Medical School (Central), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Danqing Min
- Greg Brown Diabetes and Endocrine Research Laboratory, Sydney Medical School (Central), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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10
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Froelich A, Jakubowska E, Wojtyłko M, Jadach B, Gackowski M, Gadziński P, Napierała O, Ravliv Y, Osmałek T. Alginate-Based Materials Loaded with Nanoparticles in Wound Healing. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041142. [PMID: 37111628 PMCID: PMC10143535 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate is a naturally derived polysaccharide widely applied in drug delivery, as well as regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and wound care. Due to its excellent biocompatibility, low toxicity, and the ability to absorb a high amount of exudate, it is widely used in modern wound dressings. Numerous studies indicate that alginate applied in wound care can be enhanced with the incorporation of nanoparticles, revealing additional properties beneficial in the healing process. Among the most extensively explored materials, composite dressings with alginate loaded with antimicrobial inorganic nanoparticles can be mentioned. However, other types of nanoparticles with antibiotics, growth factors, and other active ingredients are also investigated. This review article focuses on the most recent findings regarding novel alginate-based materials loaded with nanoparticles and their applicability as wound dressings, with special attention paid to the materials of potential use in the treatment of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Froelich
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Emilia Jakubowska
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Wojtyłko
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Barbara Jadach
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Gackowski
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Gadziński
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Olga Napierała
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | - Yulia Ravliv
- Department of Pharmacy Management, Economics and Technology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 36 Ruska Street, 46000 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Tomasz Osmałek
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka Street, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
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Repeated topical paeoniflorin attenuates postoperative pain and accelerates cutaneous fibroblast proliferation in mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2023; 151:84-87. [PMID: 36707182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated whether the repeated topical paeoniflorin inhibits postoperative pain in mice. An incision of the plantar skin and underlying muscle of the hind paw elicits acute postoperative pain. Repeated topical paeoniflorin inhibited postoperative pain. An adenosine A1 receptor antagonist (DPCPX) attenuated the analgesic effect of paeoniflorin. Paeoniflorin treatment accelerated wound healing at the surgical site. Paeoniflorin accelerated fibroblast proliferation, which inhibited by DPCPX. These results suggest that the repeated topical paeoniflorin attenuates postoperative pain and accelerated wound healing through fibroblast proliferation, and the activation of adenosine A1 receptor is involved in the action of paeoniflorin.
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Alpan AL, Cin GT. Comparison of hyaluronic acid, hypochlorous acid, and flurbiprofen on postoperative morbidity in palatal donor area: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2023:10.1007/s00784-022-04848-5. [PMID: 36595064 PMCID: PMC9808727 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04848-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the effects of topical hyaluronic acid (HA), hypochlorous acid (HOCl), and flurbiprofen on postoperative morbidity of palatal donor sites after free gingival graft (FGG) surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty patients requiring FGG were randomly assigned into four groups: control, HA gel (600 mg/100 g high molecular weight hyaluronic acid), HOCl spray (170-200 ppm, ph7.1), flurbiprofen spray (0.075gr flurbiprofen). Topical agents were applied for 14 days, according to groups. Patients were followed for 28 days. Palatal healing was assessed with the Laundry wound healing index (WHI). Complete epithelization (CE) was evaluated with photographs and H2O2 bubbling. Pain, burning sensation, chewing efficacy, and tissue color match (CM) were evaluated using a visual analog scale (VAS). Postoperative analgesic consumption and delayed bleeding (DB) were also recorded. RESULTS HA provided better WHI values on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days compared to the other groups, respectively (p < 0.05). CE was formed on the 21st day in the HA group but on the 28th day in the other groups. HOCl and flurbiprofen groups were not different from the control group or each other in terms of WHI. HOCl had the lowest VAS scores of all time periods. DB was not observed in any group. Significantly fewer analgesics were taken in the topical agent-applied groups compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS HA exhibits a positive impact on the epithelization of palatal wound healing and color matching. HOCl and flurbiprofen provided less pain; however, they might have negative effects on palatal wound healing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE As a result of obtaining free gingival grafts from palatal tissue for mucogingival surgical procedures, secondary wound healing of the donor area occurs. This wound in the palatal region can cause discomfort and pain every time patients use their mouths. The use of HA can reduce postoperative complications by accelerating wound healing and reducing pain. The topical use of flurbiprofen and HOCl can reduce patients' pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysan Lektemur Alpan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale University, Kınıklı Campus, 20160 Denizli, Turkey
| | - Gizem Torumtay Cin
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pamukkale University, Kınıklı Campus, 20160 Denizli, Turkey
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Modulation of Inflammatory Responses by a Non-Invasive Physical Plasma Jet during Gingival Wound Healing. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172740. [PMID: 36078148 PMCID: PMC9454534 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gingival wound healing plays an important role in the treatment of a variety of inflammatory diseases. In some cases, however, wound healing is delayed by various endogenous or exogenous factors. In recent years, non-invasive physical plasma (NIPP), a highly reactive gas, has become the focus of research, because of its anti-inflammatory and wound healing-promoting efficacy. So far, since NIPP application has been poorly elucidated in dentistry, the aim of this study was to further investigate the effect of NIPP on various molecules associated with inflammation and wound healing in gingival cells. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and human gingival keratinocytes (HGK) were treated with NIPP at different application times. Cell viability and cell morphology were assessed using DAPI/phalloidin staining. Cyclooxygenase (COX)2; tumour necrosis factor (TNF); CC Motif Chemokine Ligand (CCL)2; and interleukin (IL)1B, IL6 and IL8 were analysed at the mRNA and protein level by a real-time PCR and ELISA. NIPP did not cause any damage to the cells. Furthermore, NIPP led to a downregulation of proinflammatory molecules. Our study shows that NIPP application does not damage the gingival tissue and that the promotion of wound healing is also due to an anti-inflammatory component.
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Li L, Sun R, Zenga J, Himburg H, Wang L, Duan S, Liu J, Bui D, Xie Z, Du T, Xie L, Yin T, Wong S, Gao S, Hu M. Comparison of Absolute Expression and Turnover Number of COX-1 and COX-2 in Human and Rodent Cells and Tissues. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4435-4447. [PMID: 35958187 PMCID: PMC9359786 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s365842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We aim to quantify the absolute protein expression of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in various cells and tissues to determine the relative contribution of COX-1 and COX-2 to PGE2 production. Methods An LC-MS method was developed and validated, then used for quantifying the absolute amounts of COX-1 and COX-2 in recombinant human COX-1 and COX-2, lysates from different cells, tissue microsomes of rodents and humans, Pirc rat colonic polyps, and biopsy specimens from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients. The COX-1 and COX-2 turnover numbers were subsequently calculated based on apparent formation rates of PGE2. Results A robust LC-MS method for quantification of COX-1 and COX-2 was developed and validated and then used to calculate their apparent turnover numbers. The results showed that COX-1 expression levels were much higher than that of COX-2 in all the tested tissues including the colonic epithelium of F344 (28-fold) and Pirc rats (20-fold), colonic polyps of Pirc rats (8-fold), and biopsy specimens of SCC patients (11–17-fold). In addition, both COX-1 and COX-2 were higher in polyps when compared to adjacent mucosa of Pirc rats. The turnover number of recombinant human COX-2 was 14-fold higher than that of recombinant human COX-1. LPS stimulation increased COX-2 protein expression in three cell lines (Raw 264.7, SCC9 and EOMA) as expected but unexpectedly increased COX-1 protein expression (13.8-fold) in EOMA cells. Conclusion In human oral cancer tissues and cells as well as Pirc rat colon, COX-1 plays an unexpectedly but more important role than COX-2 in abnormal PGE2 production since COX-1 expression is much higher than COX-2. In addition, COX-1 expression levels are inducible in cells, and higher in polyps than surrounding mucosa in Pirc rat colon. These results indicate that targeted suppression of local COX-1 should be considered to reduce colon-specific PGE2-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rongjin Sun
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph Zenga
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Heather Himburg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shengnan Duan
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dinh Bui
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zuoxu Xie
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ting Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lijun Xie
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Taijun Yin
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stu Wong
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA
- Song Gao, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA, Email
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Correspondence: Ming Hu, Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA, Email
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15
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Cinclair R, Shang Z, Aly A, Kenkel J. The Impact of Comorbidities on Patient Outcomes in the Upper Body Lift: A Retrospective Review. Aesthet Surg J Open Forum 2022; 4:ojac063. [PMID: 36128596 PMCID: PMC9475277 DOI: 10.1093/asjof/ojac063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nonsurgical and surgical weight loss options have improved over the past several decades resulting in an increased number of patients who present with body contour deformities. This review focuses on the upper truncal deformity. This deformity is discernable by its residual tissue laxity in the upper arm, back, lateral chest, and breast. Objective The purpose of this study is to evaluate the morbidity of this procedure when these regions are treated in one operative setting. Methods A retrospective chart review of patients who underwent an upper body lift for truncal deformities after massive weight loss by the senior author between August 2006 and December 2019 was performed. Patient comorbidities and demographics, preoperative parameters, operative factors, and minor and major complications were assessed. Results No intraoperative or major complications occurred. The overall complication rate was 71% (20/28), which were all minor and most related to wound breakdown. Using logistical regression analysis, we found that neither BMI nor amount of weight resected contributed to a higher complication rate in this cohort. Simple matching coefficients analysis identified anemia, hypertension, lifetime smoking history, celecoxib use, and multiple concurrent procedures as comorbidities and intraoperative factors with an increased risk for adverse outcomes. Conclusions This review helps define the role of upper body lift in the care of patients with massive weight loss and addresses the morbidity of a comprehensive approach to upper body deformity. Appropriate patient selection, preoperative patient counseling, sound operative technique, and supportive postoperative care can help to avoid adverse outcomes. Level of Evidence 4
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Cinclair
- Corresponding Author: Mr Richard Cinclair III, Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern, 1801 Inwood Road 5th Floor, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. E-mail: ; Instagram: @treycinclair
| | - Zhiguo Shang
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Al Aly
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; and a body contouring section editor for Aesthetic Surgery Journal
| | - Jeffrey Kenkel
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; editor-in-chief of ASJ Open Forum; and associate editor of Aesthetic Surgery Journal
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Wang Y, Kong L, Sun B, Cui J, Shen W. Celecoxib induces adipogenic differentiation of hemangioma‑derived mesenchymal stem cells through the PPAR‑γ pathway in vitro and in vivo. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:375. [PMID: 35495586 PMCID: PMC9047034 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Infantile hemangioma (IH) is a benign tumor that produces a permanent scar or a mass of fibro-fatty tissue after involution in 40-80% of cases. Celecoxib is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and can inhibit angiogenesis and fibrosis. The present study aimed to clarify whether celecoxib is able to induce tumor regression with minimal side effects. For that purpose, the regulation of celecoxib in the involution of IH was investigated in an IH model. Hemangioma-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Hem-MSCs) were isolated from proliferating specimens, and an IH model was established by injecting these cells into nude mice. Celecoxib was administered in vitro and in vivo. Oil Red O staining and reverse transcription-quantitative-PCR were used to detect the adipogenic differentiation of Hem-MSCs. Histologic analysis and immunohistochemical staining of the tumor xenografts were performed to investigate the pathological evolution of the tumor. The results showed that celecoxib inhibited the proliferation and induced the adipogenic differentiation of Hem-MSCs in vitro. In vivo, adipocytes were only present in the celecoxib group at week 4, while a larger number of fibroblasts and collagenous fibers could be observed in the basic fibroblast growth factor group. Therefore, celecoxib may be a potential agent used for IH treatment by inducing adipogenesis and inhibiting fibroblast formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Liangliang Kong
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Buhao Sun
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Jie Cui
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Shen
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
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18
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Cheng H, Huang H, Guo Z, Chang Y, Li Z. Role of prostaglandin E2 in tissue repair and regeneration. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:8836-8854. [PMID: 34522214 PMCID: PMC8419039 DOI: 10.7150/thno.63396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue regeneration following injury from disease or medical treatment still represents a challenge in regeneration medicine. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which involves diverse physiological processes via E-type prostanoid (EP) receptor family, favors the regeneration of various organ systems following injury for its capabilities such as activation of endogenous stem cells, immune regulation, and angiogenesis. Understanding how PGE2 modulates tissue regeneration and then exploring how to elevate the regenerative efficiency of PGE2 will provide key insights into the tissue repair and regeneration processes by PGE2. In this review, we summarized the application of PGE2 to guide the regeneration of different tissues, including skin, heart, liver, kidney, intestine, bone, skeletal muscle, and hematopoietic stem cell regeneration. Moreover, we introduced PGE2-based therapeutic strategies to accelerate the recovery of impaired tissue or organs, including 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) inhibitors boosting endogenous PGE2 levels and biomaterial scaffolds to control PGE2 release.
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19
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Schug SA. Do NSAIDs Really Interfere with Healing after Surgery? J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112359. [PMID: 34072128 PMCID: PMC8198282 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Perioperative analgesia should be multimodal to improve pain relief, reduce opioid use and thereby adverse effects impairing recovery. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are an important non-opioid component of this approach. However, besides potential other adverse effects, there has been a longstanding discussion on the potentially harmful effects of NSAIDs on healing after surgery and trauma. This review describes current knowledge of the effects of NSAIDs on healing of bones, cartilage, soft tissue, wounds, flaps and enteral anastomoses. Overall, animal data suggest some potentially harmful effects, but are contradictory in most areas studied. Human data are limited and of poor quality; in particular, there are only very few good randomized controlled trials (RCTs), but many cohort studies with potential for significant confounding factors influencing the results. The limited human data available are not precluding the use of NSAIDs postoperatively, in particular, short-term for less than 2 weeks. However, well-designed and large RCTs are required to permit definitive answers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan A Schug
- Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Medical School, University of Western Australia, 6000 Perth, Australia
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20
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Corsini EM, Hofstetter WL, Mitchell KG, Zhou N, Antonoff MB, Mehran RJ, Mena GE, Rice DC, Roth JA, Sepesi B, Swisher SG, Vaporciyan AA, Walsh GL. Ketorolac use and anastomotic leak in patients with esophageal cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 161:448-454. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.02.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Hou C, Dolivo D, Rodrigues A, Li Y, Leung K, Galiano R, Hong SJ, Mustoe T. Knockout of sodium channel Na x delays re-epithelializathion of splinted murine excisional wounds. Wound Repair Regen 2020; 29:306-315. [PMID: 33378794 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian wound healing is a carefully orchestrated process in which many cellular and molecular effectors respond in concert to perturbed tissue homeostasis in order to close the wound and re-establish the skin barrier. The roles of many of these molecular effectors, however, are not entirely understood. Our lab previously demonstrated that the atypical sodium channel Nax (encoded by Scn7a) responds to wound-induced epidermal dehydration, resulting in molecular cascades that drive pro-inflammatory signaling. Acute inhibition of Nax was sufficient to attenuate dermatopathological symptoms in models of hypertrophic scar and dermatitis. To date, however, the role of Nax in excisional wound healing has not been demonstrated. Here we report development of a knockout mouse that lacks expression of functional Nax , and we demonstrate that lack of functional Nax results in deficient wound healing in a murine splinted excisional wound healing model. This deficiency in wound healing was reflected in impaired re-epithelialization and decreased keratinocyte proliferation, a finding which was further supported by decreased proliferation upon Nax knockdown in HaCaT cells in vitro. Defective wound healing was observed alongside increased expression of inflammatory genes in the wound epidermis of Nax -/- mice, suggesting that mice lacking functional Nax retain the ability to undergo skin inflammation. Our observations here motivate further investigation into the roles of Nax in wound healing and other skin processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Hou
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - David Dolivo
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Adrian Rodrigues
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yingxing Li
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kai Leung
- Division of Combat Wound Repair, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, JB Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Robert Galiano
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Seok Jong Hong
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas Mustoe
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University-Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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22
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Yasukawa K, Okuno T, Yokomizo T. Eicosanoids in Skin Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228435. [PMID: 33182690 PMCID: PMC7698125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is an important process in the human body to protect against external threats. A dysregulation at any stage of the wound healing process may result in the development of various intractable ulcers or excessive scar formation. Numerous factors such as growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines are involved in this process and play vital roles in tissue repair. Moreover, recent studies have demonstrated that lipid mediators derived from membrane fatty acids are also involved in the process of wound healing. Among these lipid mediators, we focus on eicosanoids such as prostaglandins, thromboxane, leukotrienes, and specialized pro-resolving mediators, which are produced during wound healing processes and play versatile roles in the process. This review article highlights the roles of eicosanoids on skin wound healing, especially focusing on the biosynthetic pathways and biological functions, i.e., inflammation, proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, remodeling, and scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Yasukawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.Y.)
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Sato Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo 140-0011, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Okuno
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5802-1031
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.Y.)
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23
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Iacopetti I, Patruno M, Melotti L, Martinello T, Bedin S, Badon T, Righetto EM, Perazzi A. Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Enhances the Healing of Large Cutaneous Wounds in Dogs. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:575449. [PMID: 33195571 PMCID: PMC7649378 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.575449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is known to play a crucial role in skin wound healing, in both Human and Veterinary Medicine. Remarkably, until now, no studies have reported PRP treatment in subacute full-thickness skin wounds of the dog. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two consecutive applications of autologous PRP, with the second application after 15 days, in 6 dogs showing large subacute skin wounds. The percentage of contraction, re-epithelialization and healing in all treated patients indicated that no complications or side effects, associated with consecutive PRP treatments, occurred in any patient and all wounds achieved complete closure and re-epithelialization. Our results suggest a positive effect of repeated autologous topical PRP treatments in large cutaneous subacute wounds of different etiology. Therefore, this PRP treatment could represent a simple, cost-effective, and valid alternative to promote healing processes in subacute large wounds cases in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Iacopetti
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Patruno
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Melotti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Tiziana Martinello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Silvia Bedin
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Tamara Badon
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Anna Perazzi
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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24
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Tracy LM, Cleland H, Cameron PA, Gabbe BJ. Pain assessment following burn injury in Australia and New Zealand: Variation in practice and its association on in-hospital outcomes. Australas Emerg Care 2020; 24:73-79. [PMID: 32807724 DOI: 10.1016/j.auec.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain is common following burn injury. Pain assessments are required to ensure appropriate pain management is provided. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and potential variation in practice of validated and documented pain assessment following burn injury in Australian and New Zealand burn units, identify clinical characteristics of patients who receive a pain assessment, and explore the associations between receiving a pain assessment and in-hospital outcomes. METHODS Burns Registry of Australia and New Zealand (BRANZ) admissions data were extracted. Responses to the pain assessment field were presented by contributing burns unit using frequencies and percentages. Demographic, injury severity and event, and in-hospital outcomes data were assessed. RESULTS There were 3009 admissions over the study period; 2481 of these received an assessment. The rate of pain assessment varied considerably between units. Women and adult patients more commonly received a pain assessment. Receiving a pain assessment was associated with a 53% adjusted increase in LOS. CONCLUSIONS There are differences in the profile of patients who receive a pain assessment after burn injury. The findings of this study will be reported back to designated burns units to improve pain assessment rates and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lincoln M Tracy
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
| | - Heather Cleland
- Victorian Adult Burns Service, Alfred Hospital, 55 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Peter A Cameron
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Emergency and Trauma Centre, Alfred Hospital, 55 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Belinda J Gabbe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia; Health Data Research UK, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom
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25
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Gawriluk TR, Simkin J, Hacker CK, Kimani JM, Kiama SG, Ezenwa VO, Seifert AW. Complex Tissue Regeneration in Mammals Is Associated With Reduced Inflammatory Cytokines and an Influx of T Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1695. [PMID: 32849592 PMCID: PMC7427103 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While mammals tend to repair injuries, other adult vertebrates like salamanders and fish regenerate damaged tissue. One prominent hypothesis offered to explain an inability to regenerate complex tissue in mammals is a bias during healing toward strong adaptive immunity and inflammatory responses. Here we directly test this hypothesis by characterizing part of the immune response during regeneration in spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus and Acomys percivali) vs. fibrotic repair in Mus musculus. By directly quantifying cytokines during tissue healing, we found that fibrotic repair was associated with a greater release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-6, CCL2, and CXCL1) during acute inflammation in the wound microenvironment. However, reducing inflammation via COX-2 inhibition was not sufficient to reduce fibrosis or induce a regenerative response, suggesting that inflammatory strength does not control how an injury heals. Although regeneration was associated with lower concentrations of many inflammatory markers, we measured a comparatively larger influx of T cells into regenerating ear tissue and detected a local increase in the T cell associated cytokines IL-12 and IL-17 during the proliferative phase of regeneration. Taken together, our data demonstrate that a strong adaptive immune response is not antagonistic to regeneration and that other mechanisms likely explain the distribution of regenerative ability in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R. Gawriluk
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Jennifer Simkin
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Corin K. Hacker
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - John M. Kimani
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Stephen G. Kiama
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Vanessa O. Ezenwa
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Department of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Ashley W. Seifert
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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26
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Chu H, Sen S. Pre-attendance analgesia advice for small acute paediatric burns in the British Isles: A National Survey. Burns 2020; 46:1318-1319. [PMID: 32143827 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The development of acute outpatient clinics has enabled burns services to assess the majority of smaller paediatric burns the day after injury. This event can be distressing and it is therefore important to ensure that children are initially assessed in an optimal environment. The aim of this study is to understand how small acute paediatric burns are managed across the British Isles. All paediatric burns services within the British Isles were contacted by telephone and information gained on how each unit manages new referrals of small acute paediatric burns in an outpatient setting. This national survey has shown that 5% total body surface area (TBSA) is generally considered to be the upper limit for new paediatric referrals to be seen in the outpatient setting 5%. Furthermore, we advocate that Paracetamol and Ibuprofen be given 60 min prior to an allocated appointment time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard Chu
- Department of Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Southmead Hospital, Southmead Road, Bristol BS10 5NB, United Kingdom.
| | - Sankhya Sen
- Department of Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Southmead Hospital, Southmead Road, Bristol BS10 5NB, United Kingdom
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27
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Gawriluk TR, Simkin J, Hacker CK, Kimani JM, Kiama SG, Ezenwa VO, Seifert AW. Complex Tissue Regeneration in Mammals Is Associated With Reduced Inflammatory Cytokines and an Influx of T Cells. Front Immunol 2020. [PMID: 32849592 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01695/bibtex] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
While mammals tend to repair injuries, other adult vertebrates like salamanders and fish regenerate damaged tissue. One prominent hypothesis offered to explain an inability to regenerate complex tissue in mammals is a bias during healing toward strong adaptive immunity and inflammatory responses. Here we directly test this hypothesis by characterizing part of the immune response during regeneration in spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus and Acomys percivali) vs. fibrotic repair in Mus musculus. By directly quantifying cytokines during tissue healing, we found that fibrotic repair was associated with a greater release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-6, CCL2, and CXCL1) during acute inflammation in the wound microenvironment. However, reducing inflammation via COX-2 inhibition was not sufficient to reduce fibrosis or induce a regenerative response, suggesting that inflammatory strength does not control how an injury heals. Although regeneration was associated with lower concentrations of many inflammatory markers, we measured a comparatively larger influx of T cells into regenerating ear tissue and detected a local increase in the T cell associated cytokines IL-12 and IL-17 during the proliferative phase of regeneration. Taken together, our data demonstrate that a strong adaptive immune response is not antagonistic to regeneration and that other mechanisms likely explain the distribution of regenerative ability in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Gawriluk
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Jennifer Simkin
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Corin K Hacker
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - John M Kimani
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Stephen G Kiama
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Vanessa O Ezenwa
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.,Department of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Ashley W Seifert
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.,Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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28
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Huss MK, Felt SA, Pacharinsak C. Influence of Pain and Analgesia on Orthopedic and Wound-healing Models in Rats and Mice. Comp Med 2019; 69:535-545. [PMID: 31561753 DOI: 10.30802/aalas-cm-19-000013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The surgical stress response and resulting physiologic changes can lead to postoperative complications and negatively impact animal welfare. Although appropriate pain management is crucial to reduce the pain and stress response to surgery, analgesic choice can significantly affect bone and wound healing. This review aims to summarize data from rat and mouse studies and to provide recommendations for integrating analgesia into orthopedic and wound healing models in these species. Data from other species, such as humans, rabbits and other rodents, is included, where available. From these data, we conclude that for orthopedic surgical models, opioids, local anesthetics and dissociative agents have minimal impact on fracture healing; cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) selective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) may be used in the shortterm; and steroids should be avoided. For wound healing models, short-term systemic or topical opioids have negligible impact on wound healing; NSAID or local anesthetics may be used short-term; and systemic steroids should be avoided. Alternative analgesics such as tramadol, gabapentin, ketamine, and acetaminophen warrant consideration and further evaluation for both orthopedic and wound healing models. In all cases, researchers and veterinarians should work together to determine the appropriate analgesic plan to minimize pain, as well as to minimize unwanted effects on the orthopedic and wound healing models themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika K Huss
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California;,
| | - Stephen A Felt
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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29
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Immunohistochemical Expression of Cyclooxygenases in Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2019; 7:e2030. [PMID: 30881820 PMCID: PMC6416126 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000002030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: There are studies demonstrating an increased expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) in keloids and hypertrophic scars, suggesting that anti-inflammatory drugs could be used in their treatment. However, a precise relationship between COX and pathological scarring has not been established in the literature yet. This study aims to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of COXs in these scars. Methods: Prospective study, including 54 patients (aged 18–60 years) undergoing scar excision: 18 normal scars (group 1), 18 hypertrophic scar (group 2), and 18 keloids (group 3). The group classification was performed by clinical criteria. Scars samples were collected and anatomopathological examination (through hematoxylin-eosin method) was performed to confirm the scar type. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess the expression of COX1 and COX2 in epidermis and dermis. Results were compared among all groups and between group I versus II and III together (abnormal scars). Results: For COX1, in the epidermis, there was no significant difference in the immunohistochemical expression when comparing the 3 groups. In the dermis, groups 2 and 3 had greater expression than group 1, with a significant difference being found when comparing all groups (P = 0.014), and in the comparison between normal versus abnormal scars (P = 0.004). For COX2, there was no significant difference between the groups in both the epidermis and dermis. Conclusions: The immunohistochemical expression of COX1 was greater in the dermis of abnormal scars when compared with normal scars. Future studies can be performed involving COX blockade as a perspective of these scars treatment.
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30
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Esser-von Bieren J. Eicosanoids in tissue repair. Immunol Cell Biol 2019; 97:279-288. [PMID: 30680784 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Trauma or infection can result in tissue damage, which needs to be repaired in a well-orchestrated manner to restore tissue function and homeostasis. Lipid mediators derived from arachidonic acid (termed eicosanoids) play central and versatile roles in the regulation of tissue repair. Here, I summarize the current state-of the-art regarding the functional activities of eicosanoids in tissue repair responses during homeostasis and disease. I also describe how eicosanoids are produced during tissue damage and repair in a time-, cell- and tissue-dependent fashion. In particular, recent insights into the roles of eicosanoids in epithelial barrier repair are reviewed. Furthermore, the distinct roles of different eicosanoids in settings of pathological tissue repair such as chronic wounds, scarring or fibrosis are discussed. Finally, an outlook is provided on how eicosanoids may be targeted by future therapeutic strategies to achieve physiological tissue repair and prevent scarring and loss of tissue function in various disease contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Esser-von Bieren
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, 80802, Munich, Germany
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31
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Xi Loh EY, Fauzi MB, Ng MH, Ng PY, Ng SF, Ariffin H, Mohd Amin MCI. Cellular and Molecular Interaction of Human Dermal Fibroblasts with Bacterial Nanocellulose Composite Hydrogel for Tissue Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:39532-39543. [PMID: 30372014 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The evaluation of the interaction of cells with biomaterials is fundamental to establish the suitability of the biomaterial for a specific application. In this study, the properties of bacterial nanocellulose/acrylic acid (BNC/AA) hydrogels fabricated with varying BNC to AA ratios and electron-beam irradiation doses were determined. The manner these hydrogel properties influence the behavior of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) at the cellular and molecular levels was also investigated, relating it to its application both as a cell carrier and wound dressing material. Swelling, hardness, adhesive force (wet), porosity, and hydrophilicity (dry) of the hydrogels were dependent on the degree of cross-linking and the amount of AA incorporated in the hydrogels. However, water vapor transmission rate, pore size, hydrophilicity (semidry), and topography were similar between all formulations, leading to a similar cell attachment and proliferation profile. At the cellular level, the hydrogel demonstrated rapid cell adhesion, maintained HDFs viability and morphology, restricted cellular migration, and facilitated fast transfer of cells. At the molecular level, the hydrogel affected nine wound-healing genes (IL6, IL10, MMP2, CTSK, FGF7, GM-CSF, TGFB1, COX2, and F3). The findings indicate that the BNC/AA hydrogel is a potential biomaterial that can be employed as a wound-dressing material to incorporate HDFs for the acceleration of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Tissue Engineering Centre , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre , Jalan Yaacob Latif , Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Tissue Engineering Centre , Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre , Jalan Yaacob Latif , Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | | | | | - Hidayah Ariffin
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences , Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400 UPM Serdang , Selangor , Malaysia
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32
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Zhao-Fleming H, Hand A, Zhang K, Polak R, Northcut A, Jacob D, Dissanaike S, Rumbaugh KP. Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on post-surgical complications against the backdrop of the opioid crisis. BURNS & TRAUMA 2018; 6:25. [PMID: 30221175 PMCID: PMC6136175 DOI: 10.1186/s41038-018-0128-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The USA is currently going through an opioid crisis, associated with tremendous economic and societal impacts. In response to this crisis, healthcare professionals are looking for alternative pain management methods, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a sensible choice because of their effectiveness after surgical procedures. However, before surgeons start prescribing NSAIDs in place of opioids, it is crucial to first understand their potential post-surgical complications. The goal of this review is to summarize the data obtained through both animal and human studies, which suggest how a dramatic increase in NSAID use may affect these post-surgical complications. We first provide a short review outlining the mechanisms of action of NSAIDs, followed by a summary of animal studies, which show a trend towards the negative effects of NSAIDs on wound healing and an association between NSAID use and wound infections. Lastly, we present evidence from human studies on the association of NSAIDs with the following complications: anastomotic leaks, necrotizing soft tissue infections, bleeding complications, orthopedic injuries, wound healing, and cancer care. The human studies are much more variable in their conclusions as to whether NSAIDs are beneficial or not, with the only strong evidence showing that NSAIDs inhibit bone healing. This may partially be explained by male and female differences in response to NSAIDs as many animal studies showing the inhibitory effects of NSAIDs were performed on females, while all the human studies were performed with both sexes. We conclude that strong caution should be used in the prescription of NSAIDs, especially in female patients, but larger scale studies are warranted before solid recommendations can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Zhao-Fleming
- 1Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, STOP 8312, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA.,2Burn Center of Excellence, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX USA
| | - Audrey Hand
- 1Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, STOP 8312, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA
| | - Kelly Zhang
- 1Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, STOP 8312, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA
| | - Robert Polak
- 1Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, STOP 8312, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA
| | - Armand Northcut
- 1Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, STOP 8312, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA
| | - Daron Jacob
- 3School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX USA
| | - Sharmila Dissanaike
- 1Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, STOP 8312, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA.,2Burn Center of Excellence, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX USA
| | - Kendra P Rumbaugh
- 1Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, STOP 8312, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA.,2Burn Center of Excellence, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX USA
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33
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Stone Ii R, Natesan S, Kowalczewski CJ, Mangum LH, Clay NE, Clohessy RM, Carlsson AH, Tassin DH, Chan RK, Rizzo JA, Christy RJ. Advancements in Regenerative Strategies Through the Continuum of Burn Care. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:672. [PMID: 30038569 PMCID: PMC6046385 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Burns are caused by several mechanisms including flame, scald, chemical, electrical, and ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Approximately half a million burn cases are registered annually, of which 40 thousand patients are hospitalized and receive definitive treatment. Burn care is very resource intensive as the treatment regimens and length of hospitalization are substantial. Burn wounds are classified based on depth as superficial (first degree), partial-thickness (second degree), or full-thickness (third degree), which determines the treatment necessary for successful healing. The goal of burn wound care is to fully restore the barrier function of the tissue as quickly as possible while minimizing infection, scarring, and contracture. The aim of this review is to highlight how tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies are being used to address the unique challenges of burn wound healing and define the current gaps in care for both partial- and full-thickness burn injuries. This review will present the current standard of care (SOC) and provide information on various treatment options that have been tested pre-clinically or are currently in clinical trials. Due to the complexity of burn wound healing compared to other skin injuries, burn specific treatment regimens must be developed. Recently, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies have been developed to improve skin regeneration that can restore normal skin physiology and limit adverse outcomes, such as infection, delayed re-epithelialization, and scarring. Our emphasis will be centered on how current clinical and pre-clinical research of pharmacological agents, biomaterials, and cellular-based therapies can be applied throughout the continuum of burn care by targeting the stages of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, cell proliferation, and matrix remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randolph Stone Ii
- Combat Trauma and Burn Injury Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Shanmugasundaram Natesan
- Combat Trauma and Burn Injury Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Christine J Kowalczewski
- Combat Trauma and Burn Injury Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Lauren H Mangum
- Combat Trauma and Burn Injury Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research San Antonio, TX, United States.,Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine, US Army Institute of Surgical Research San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Nicholas E Clay
- Combat Trauma and Burn Injury Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Ryan M Clohessy
- Combat Trauma and Burn Injury Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Anders H Carlsson
- Dental and Craniofacial Trauma Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - David H Tassin
- Dental and Craniofacial Trauma Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Rodney K Chan
- Dental and Craniofacial Trauma Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Julie A Rizzo
- Burn Flight Team, US Army Institute of Surgical Research San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Robert J Christy
- Combat Trauma and Burn Injury Research, US Army Institute of Surgical Research San Antonio, TX, United States
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34
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Herskin MS, Nielsen BH. Welfare Effects of the Use of a Combination of Local Anesthesia and NSAID for Disbudding Analgesia in Dairy Calves-Reviewed Across Different Welfare Concerns. Front Vet Sci 2018; 5:117. [PMID: 29922684 PMCID: PMC5996095 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Across the international dairy industry, the vast majority of dairy herds have dehorned cows. Farmers choose to dehorn calves for different reasons such as easier handling of non-horned cattle and reduced risk of injuries in animals and staff. This review focuses on disbudding by use of hot-iron cautery as is practiced by dairy farmers in calves <3 months of age. We examine welfare effects of the use of NSAIDs in combination with a local anesthetic including indicators relevant for the three major welfare concerns-affective states, basic health, and functioning as well as the possibility to behave naturally. Across indicators of animal welfare, the majority of available evidence suggest that the use of NSAIDs in combination with a local anesthetic is advantageous in terms of animal welfare, and no studies suggest that NSAIDs are a disadvantage to animal welfare. However, irrespective of the welfare concern, use of NSAIDs combined with a local anesthetic does not fully eliminate the welfare challenges from disbudding. Further research is needed in order to fully understand the effects of this medication protocol on calf welfare, including knowledge about the duration of healing and the presence of long-term pain. At present, this lack of knowledge challenges the precise formulation of adequate pain management-in terms of medication protocol, duration, dosage, and type of administration.
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35
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Effect of photobiomodulation (670 nm) associated with vitamin A on the inflammatory phase of wound healing. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1867-1874. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2535-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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36
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Batool F, Morand DN, Thomas L, Bugueno IM, Aragon J, Irusta S, Keller L, Benkirane-Jessel N, Tenenbaum H, Huck O. Synthesis of a Novel Electrospun Polycaprolactone Scaffold Functionalized with Ibuprofen for Periodontal Regeneration: An In Vitro andIn Vivo Study. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11040580. [PMID: 29642582 PMCID: PMC5951464 DOI: 10.3390/ma11040580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ibuprofen (IBU) has been shown to improve periodontal treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to develop a new anti-inflammatory scaffold by functionalizing an electrospun nanofibrous poly-ε-caprolactone membrane with IBU (IBU-PCL) and to evaluate its impact on periodontal inflammation, wound healing and regeneration in vitro and in vivo. IBU-PCL was synthesized through electrospinning. The effects of IBU-PCL on the proliferation and migration of epithelial cells (EC) and fibroblasts (FB) exposed to Porphyromonas gingivlais lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) were evaluated through the AlamarBlue test and scratch assay, respectively. Anti-inflammatory and remodeling properties were investigated through Real time qPCR. Finally, the in vivo efficacy of the IBU-PCL membrane was assessed in an experimental periodontitis mouse model through histomorphometric analysis. The results showed that the anti-inflammatory effects of IBU on gingival cells were effectively amplified using the functionalized membrane. IBU-PCL reduced the proliferation and migration of cells challenged by Pg-LPS, as well as the expression of fibronectin-1, collagen-IV, integrin α3β1 and laminin-5. In vivo, the membranes significantly improved the clinical attachment and IBU-PCL also reduced inflammation-induced bone destruction. These data showed that the IBU-PCL membrane could efficiently and differentially control inflammatory and migratory gingival cell responses and potentially promote periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareeha Batool
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie-dentaire, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - David-Nicolas Morand
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie-dentaire, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Lionel Thomas
- Institute Pluridisciplinaire Hubert CURIEN (IPHC), Strasbourg 67000, France.
| | - Isaac Maximiliano Bugueno
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie-dentaire, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Javier Aragon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanoscience Institute of Aragon (INA), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Silvia Irusta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nanoscience Institute of Aragon (INA), University of Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Laetitia Keller
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie-dentaire, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Nadia Benkirane-Jessel
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie-dentaire, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Henri Tenenbaum
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie-dentaire, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Olivier Huck
- INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), UMR 1260, Regenerative Nanomedicine (RNM), FMTS, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie-dentaire, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
- Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Pôle de médecine et chirurgie bucco-dentaire, Department of Periodontology, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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37
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Uberti F, Morsanuto V, Ghirlanda S, Ruga S, Clemente N, Boieri C, Boldorini R, Molinari C. Highly Diluted Acetylcholine Promotes Wound Repair in an In Vivo Model. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2018; 7:121-133. [PMID: 29675337 PMCID: PMC5905879 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2017.0766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Wound healing is a dynamic, interactive, and complex process that involves a series of events, including inflammation, migration, proliferation, granulation tissue formation, and matrix remodeling. Despite the high frequency of serious slow-healing wounds, there is still no adequate therapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate a new highly diluted acetylcholine (Ach) formulation obtained through a sequential kinetic activation (SKA) method applied to a wound healing in vivo model to verify the hypothesis that a low dose of Ach could be a more physiological stimulus for healing, by stimulating muscarinic and nicotinic receptors and their related intracellular pathways. Approach: Two different concentrations (10 fg/mL and 1 pg/mL) and two formulations (either kinetically or nonkinetically activated) of Ach were used to verify the wound healing process. Area closure, histological aspect, and nicotinic and muscarinic receptors, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), Nestin, and von Willebrand's factor have been assessed by Western blot or ELISA and compared to 147 ng/mL Ach, used as positive control. Moreover, the systemic effect through plasmatic radical oxygen species (ROS) production and Ach concentration has been evaluated. Results: Ach SKA 1 pg/mL revealed a significant capacity to restore the integrity of tissue compared to other formulation and this effect was more evident after a single administration. Innovation: Topical application on skin of Ach SKA 1 pg/mL accelerates wound closure stimulating non-neuronal cholinergic system. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate for the first time the importance in an in vivo model of highly diluted SKA Ach during wound healing, suggesting a potential use in skin disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Uberti
- Physiology Laboratory, Department of Translational Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Vera Morsanuto
- Physiology Laboratory, Department of Translational Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Sabrina Ghirlanda
- Physiology Laboratory, Department of Translational Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Ruga
- Physiology Laboratory, Department of Translational Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Nausicaa Clemente
- Immunology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Cristina Boieri
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Renzo Boldorini
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Claudio Molinari
- Physiology Laboratory, Department of Translational Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
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Fatty acids and related lipid mediators in the regulation of cutaneous inflammation. Biochem Soc Trans 2018; 46:119-129. [PMID: 29330355 DOI: 10.1042/bst20160469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human skin has a distinct profile of fatty acids and related bioactive lipid mediators that regulate many aspects of epidermal and dermal homeostasis, including immune and inflammatory reactions. Sebum lipids act as effective antimicrobial agents, shape immune cell communications and contribute to the epidermal lipidome. The essential fatty acid linoleic acid is crucial for the structure of the epidermal barrier, while polyunsaturated fatty acids act as precursors to eicosanoids, octadecanoids and docosanoids through cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase-mediated reactions, and endocannabinoids and N-acyl ethanolamines. Cross-communication between these families of bioactive lipids suggests that their cutaneous activities should be considered as part of a wider metabolic network that can be targeted to maintain skin health, control inflammation and improve skin pathologies.
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SDF-1 improves wound healing ability of glucocorticoid-treated adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:1010-1017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Gao G, Li W, Chen X, Liu S, Yan D, Yao X, Han D, Dong H. Comparing the Curative Efficacy of Different Skin Grafting Methods for Third-Degree Burn Wounds. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:2668-2673. [PMID: 28566676 PMCID: PMC5464767 DOI: 10.12659/msm.901765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our research purpose was to compare the curative efficacy of different skin grafting methods for treating third-degree burn wounds. Material/Methods A total of 105 patients with third-degree burns were involved in this study. The burn wounds of these patients were treated using three different methods: Meek skin grafting, Stamp skin grafting, and Microskin grafting. Patients treated with different methods were placed in different groups. The skin graft survival rate, skin graft fusion time, wound healing time, total time of surgery, and 1% total body surface area (TBSA) treatment costs in each group were evaluated during and after the grafting procedures. After the operations, patients were followed up for 3 to 18 months in order to evaluate the postoperative outcomes. Results The skin graft survival rate was significantly higher in the Meek group compared to the rates in the Stamp and Microskin groups (both P<0.01). In addition, the skin graft fusion time, wound healing time, and 1% TBSA treatment costs were significantly lower in the Meek group compared to those in the Stamp and Microskin groups (both P<0.01). Furthermore, the Meek group exhibited better results with respect to curative efficacy, scarring status, and joint activity in comparison to the other two groups (both P<0.05). Conclusions The Meek skin grafting method showed better clinical efficacy for treating large wound areas in third-degree burn patients compared to the Stamp and Microskin skin grafting methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhen Gao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The 253rd Hospital of PLA, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland)
| | - Wenjun Li
- Department of Cardiology, The 253rd Hospital of PLA, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland)
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The 253rd Hospital of PLA, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland)
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The 253rd Hospital of PLA, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland)
| | - Dexiong Yan
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The 253rd Hospital of PLA, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland)
| | - Xingwei Yao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The 253rd Hospital of PLA, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland)
| | - Dezhi Han
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The 253rd Hospital of PLA, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland)
| | - Hao Dong
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The 253rd Hospital of PLA, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China (mainland)
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Darby IA, Weller CD. Aspirin treatment for chronic wounds: Potential beneficial and inhibitory effects. Wound Repair Regen 2017; 25:7-12. [PMID: 27987244 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Aspirin is a generally well-tolerated drug that is now widely used in aged patients for its antithrombotic action. Aspirin works through several pathways to reduce inflammation, fever and to alter platelet activity. The scientific literature suggests that inhibition of the cyclooxygenase enzymes by aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be deleterious to normal wound repair processes and result in healing inhibition. However, novel effects of aspirin on other pathways that regulate inflammation and repair have been reported more recently. These pathways, including inhibition of inflammatory second messengers and transcription factor pathways and production of anti-inflammatory, pro-resolution factors (lipoxins), provide a possible explanation for beneficial effects of aspirin in chronic wound healing. There have been limited studies to date that provide good evidence to support aspirin use in chronic venous leg ulcers but this may change as we see results from randomized trials that are currently being undertaken. In this article, we look at possible effects that aspirin administration may have on venous leg ulcer healing and the expanding knowledge of potential beneficial effects of aspirin that operate via novel pathways. Though the literature suggests that aspirin treatment and cyclooxygenase inhibition may have deleterious effects in normal healing, it is possible that in chronic wounds that may be trapped in an inflammatory state that aspirin treatment may result in beneficial outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Andrew Darby
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carolina Dragica Weller
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Singh M, Nuutila K, Sinha I, Eriksson E. Endotoxin-induced inflammation in a rodent model up-regulates IL-1a expression and CD45+ leukocyte recruitment and increases the rate of reepithelialization and wound closure. Wound Repair Regen 2016; 24:820-828. [DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mansher Singh
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Kristo Nuutila
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Indranil Sinha
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Elof Eriksson
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
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Pereira LDP, Mota MRL, Brizeno LAC, Nogueira FC, Ferreira EGM, Pereira MG, Assreuy AMS. Modulator effect of a polysaccharide-rich extract from Caesalpinia ferrea stem barks in rat cutaneous wound healing: Role of TNF-α, IL-1β, NO, TGF-β. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 187:213-223. [PMID: 27125588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In folk medicine stem barks of Caesalpinia ferrea (Caesalpinioideae) are used to treat enterocolitis, rheumatism and wounds and in experimental procedures, its aqueous extracts demonstrated antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and healing effects. AIM OF THE STUDY The healing mechanism of the polyssacharide-rich extract of C. ferrea stem barks (TPL-Cf) was investigated in a model of excisional cutaneous wound in Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Excisional wounds received topical treatment with TPL-Cf (0.025-0.1%) during 21 days. Hypernociception, macroscopical, histological and immunohistochemical parameters were evaluated and analyzed by ANOVA, Bonferroni and Kruskal-Wallis tests, followed by Dunn and Chi-Square tests. RESULTS TPL-Cf (0.1%) reduced wound area and hypernociception, and increased wound contraction. TPL-Cf reduced leukocyte infiltration and vascular permeability, and stimulated fibroblasia, angiogenesis, well formed granulation tissue, collagen deposition and epithelial layer formation. TPL-Cf reduced TNF-α expression and the levels of PGE2 (73%-day 5), IL-1 (42%-day 2), MDA (38%-day 5), total protein (53%-day 2; 73%-day 5) and MPO activity (53%-day 2), but increased the expression of i-NOS (days 5 and 7), TGF-β (day 5) and the levels of NO (3.6 fold-day 5). CONCLUSION The polysaccharide-rich extract of C. ferra stem barks accelerates wound healing by the control of the inflammatory phase and attenuates hypernociception via modulation of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, NO, TGF-β).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia de P Pereira
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, 60740-000 Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | - Mario R L Mota
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Alexandre Baraúna 949, 60430-160 Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | - Luiz A C Brizeno
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, 60740-000 Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | - Francisca C Nogueira
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, 60740-000 Fortaleza-CE, Brazil; Faculdade de Educação, Ciências e Letras do Sertão Central, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Rua José de Queiroz 2554, 63900-000 Quixadá-CE, Brazil
| | - Elda G M Ferreira
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, 60740-000 Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | - Maria G Pereira
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, 60740-000 Fortaleza-CE, Brazil; Faculdade de Educação, Ciências e Letras do Sertão Central, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Rua José de Queiroz 2554, 63900-000 Quixadá-CE, Brazil
| | - Ana M S Assreuy
- Instituto Superior de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba 1700, 60740-000 Fortaleza-CE, Brazil.
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Romana-Souza B, Santos JSD, Bandeira LG, Monte-Alto-Costa A. Selective inhibition of COX-2 improves cutaneous wound healing of pressure ulcers in mice through reduction of iNOS expression. Life Sci 2016; 153:82-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Wardecki T, Werner P, Thomas M, Templin MF, Schmidt G, Brandner JM, Merfort I. Influence of Birch Bark Triterpenes on Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts from Diabetic and Nondiabetic Donors. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:1112-1123. [PMID: 27002382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Impaired wound healing is one of the main risk factors associated with diabetes mellitus. Few options are available to treat diabetic wounds, and therefore efficient remedies are urgently needed. An interesting option might be an extract of birch bark (TE) that has been clinically proven to accelerate acute wound healing. We investigated the effects of TE and its main components betulin and lupeol in cultured normal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts from diabetic and nondiabetic donors. These in vitro models can provide insights into possible beneficial effects in wound healing. TE and betulin treatment led to increased mRNA levels of chemokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and mediators important in wound healing, e.g., IL-6, TNFα, IL-8, and RANTES. We observed a pronounced upregulation of MIF, IL-8, and RANTES on the protein level. Furthermore, a shape change of the actin cytoskeleton was seen in keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and the Rho-GTPases and p38-MAPK were found to be activated in keratinocytes. On the basis of our results, TE is worthy of further study as a potential option to influence wound-healing processes under diabetic conditions. These first insights need to be confirmed by clinical studies with diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Thomas
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, and University of Tübingen , Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus F Templin
- Institute of Natural and Medical Sciences at the University of Tübingen , Reutlingen, Germany
| | | | - Johanna M Brandner
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg, Germany
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Fernando MR, Giembycz MA, McKay DM. Bidirectional crosstalk via IL-6, PGE2 and PGD2 between murine myofibroblasts and alternatively activated macrophages enhances anti-inflammatory phenotype in both cells. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:899-912. [PMID: 26676587 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Alternatively activated macrophages (AAMs) are important cells in the resolution of inflammation and tissue repair. We examined the impact of myofibroblasts, a vital cell in wound healing and tissue repair, on the development and function of AAMs. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The interaction between AAMs and myofibroblasts was tested using conditioned medium from murine dermal myofibroblasts and bone marrow-derived macrophages. AAMs were differentiated with IL-4 and IL-13. KEY RESULTS Conditioned medium from myofibroblasts enhanced the expression of AAM markers, arginase 1 and Ym1 (chitinase-3-like 3) and the spontaneous production of IL-10, while suppressing LPS-induced nitric oxide production. IL-6 from the myofibroblasts contributed to the amplification of the AAM phenotype; the selective COX-2 inhibitor, NS-398, significantly reduced the ability of myofibroblasts to promote an AAM phenotype. Pharmacological analyses indicated that myofibroblast-derived IL-6 enhanced arginase activity and spontaneous IL-10 output, while PGE2 , via the EP4 receptor, enhanced arginase expression and LPS-evoked IL-10 production. PGD2 suppressed LPS-evoked nitric oxide via the DP1 receptor. Reciprocally, conditioned medium from macrophages treated with IL-4 + IL-13 and myofibroblast conditioned medium components, but not macrophages given IL-4 + IL-13 only, reduced myofibroblast migration, the expression of COX-2, and the production of PGE2 and PGD2 . CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These findings define mechanisms by which myofibroblasts enhance an AAM phenotype, which can promote wound healing directly, and/or via feedback communication to the myofibroblast, subsequently down-regulating its capacity to promote AAM function. This is an important homeostatic regulatory pathway in wound healing that can also limit unwanted fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Fernando
- Gastrointestinal Research Group and Inflammation Research Network
| | - Mark A Giembycz
- Airways Inflammation Research Group, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Derek M McKay
- Gastrointestinal Research Group and Inflammation Research Network
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Goren I, Lee SY, Maucher D, Nüsing R, Schlich T, Pfeilschifter J, Frank S. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 activity in keratinocytes inhibits PGE 2 formation and impairs vascular endothelial growth factor release and neovascularisation in skin wounds. Int Wound J 2015; 14:53-63. [PMID: 26678712 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of cyclooxygenase (Cox) enzymatic activity by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) provides the molecular basis of analgesia following wounding or surgery. This study investigated the role of Cox activity in the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in keratinocytes and the formation of new blood vessels in acute wounds in mice. To this end, human HaCaT keratinocytes were stimulated with epidermal growth factor (EGF). EGF increased Cox-1 mRNA in the presence of the constitutively expressed Cox-1 protein in keratinocytes. EGF coinduced Cox-2 and VEGF165 mRNA and protein expression and an accumulation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) in cell culture supernatants. Inhibition of Cox isozyme activity by Cox-1 and -2 siRNA or ibuprofen reduced PGE2 and VEGF165 release from keratinocytes. In a mouse model of excisional wound healing, Cox-2 and VEGF165 expression were colocalized in the granulation tissue of acute wounds. Oral treatment of mice with the Cox-1 and -2 inhibitor diclofenac was associated with reduced levels of VEGF165 protein and an impaired blood vessel formation in acute wound tissue. In summary, our data suggest that a reduction of PGE2 -triggered VEGF165 protein expression in wound keratinocytes is likely to contribute to the observed impairment of wound neovascularisation upon Cox inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itamar Goren
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Seo-Youn Lee
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Damian Maucher
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rolf Nüsing
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Schlich
- Herzog-Johann-Gymnasium, Fachbereich Biologie, Simmern, Germany
| | - Josef Pfeilschifter
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Frank
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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