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Yao Z, Liang Y, Pan C, Zeng K, Qu Z. Lonicerin alleviates intestinal myenteric neuron injury induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation treated macrophages by downregulating EZH2. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23810. [PMID: 39163614 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a common gastrointestinal disease that induces severe intestinal dysfunction. Intestinal myenteric neurons participate in maintaining the intestinal function, which will be severely injured by IR. Macrophages are widely reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of organ IR injury, including intestine, which is activated by NLRP3 signaling. Lonicerin (LCR) is a natural extracted monomer with inhibitory efficacy against the NLRP3 pathway in macrophages. The present study aims to explore the potential protective function of LCR in intestinal IR injury. Myenteric neurons were extracted from mice. RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated by H/R with or without 10 μM and 30 μM LCR. Remarkable increased release of IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-α were observed in H/R treated RAW 264.7 cells, along with an upregulation of NLRP3, cleaved-caspase-1, IL-1β, and EZH2, which were sharply repressed by LCR. Myenteric neurons were cultured with the supernatant collected from each group. Markedly decreased neuron number and shortened length of neuron axon were observed in the H/R group, which were signally reversed by LCR. RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated by H/R, followed by incubated with 30 μM LCR with or without pcDNA3.1-EZH2. The inhibition of LCR on NLRP3 signaling in H/R treated RAW 264.7 cells was abolished by EZH2 overexpression. Furthermore, the impact of LCR on neuron number and neuron axon length in myenteric neurons in the H/R group was abated by EZH2 overexpression. Collectively, LCR alleviated intestinal myenteric neuron injury induced by H/R treated macrophages via downregulating EZH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Yao
- Department of Surgical District 2, Eighth People's Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, Eighth People's Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, China
| | - Chunyan Pan
- Department of Health Management, Eighth People's Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, China
| | - Kun Zeng
- Department of Science and Education, Eighth People's Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, China
| | - Zhibo Qu
- Department of Surgical District 2, Eighth People's Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, China
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2
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Promkhun K, Suwanvichanee C, Tanpol N, Katemala S, Thumanu K, Molee W, Kubota S, Uimari P, Molee A. Effect of carnosine synthesis precursors in the diet on jejunal metabolomic profiling and biochemical compounds in slow-growing Korat chicken. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103123. [PMID: 37832192 PMCID: PMC10568557 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The slow-growing Korat chicken (KR) has been developed to provide an alternative breed for smallholder farmers in Thailand. Carnosine enrichment in the meat can distinguish KR from other chicken breeds. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the effect of enriched carnosine synthesis, obtained by the β-alanine and L-histidine precursor supplementation in the diet, on changes to metabolomic profiles and biochemical compounds in slow-growing KR jejunum tissue. Four hundred 21-day-old female KR chickens were divided into 4 experimental groups: a group with a basal diet, a group with a basal diet supplemented with 1.0% β-alanine, 0.5% L-histidine, and a mix of 1.0% β-alanine and 0.5% L-histidine. The feeding trial lasted 70 d. Ten randomly selected chickens from each group were slaughtered. Metabolic profiles were analyzed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. In total, 28 metabolites were identified. Significant changes in the concentrations of these metabolites were detected between the groups. Partial least squares discriminant analysis was used to distinguish the metabolites between the experimental groups. Based on the discovered metabolites, 34 potential metabolic pathways showed differentiation between groups, and 8 pathways (with impact values higher than 0.05, P < 0.05, and FDR < 0.05) were affected by metabolite content. In addition, biochemical changes were monitored using synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy. Supplementation of β-alanine alone in the diet increased the β-sheets and decreased the α-helix content in the amide I region, and supplementation of L-histidine alone in the diet also increased the β-sheets. Furthermore, the relationship between metabolite contents and biochemical compounds were confirmed using principal component analysis (PCA). Results from the PCA indicated that β-alanine and L-histidine precursor group was highly positively correlated with amide I, amide II, creatine, tyrosine, valine, isoleucine, and aspartate. These findings can help to understand the relationships and patterns between the spectral and metabolic processes related to carnosine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasarat Promkhun
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Chanadda Suwanvichanee
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Nathawat Tanpol
- Department of Animal Production Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Kalasin University, Kalasin 46000, Thailand
| | - Sasikan Katemala
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Kanjana Thumanu
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Wittawat Molee
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Satoshi Kubota
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Pekka Uimari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00790, Finland
| | - Amonrat Molee
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
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Ding Q, Duan X. A High-Specific-Activity L-aspartate-α-Decarboxylase from Bacillus aryabhattai Gel-09 and Site-Directed Mutation to Improve Its Substrate Tolerance. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:5802-5822. [PMID: 36708489 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04360-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
L-aspartate-α-decarboxylase (ADC) can recognize L-aspartic acid specifically and catalyze the decarboxylation of L-aspartic acid to β-alanine. In this study, a novel L-aspartate-α-decarboxylase (BaADC) with high specific activity from Bacillus aryabhattai Gel-09 was heterologously expressed and characterized. It exhibited optimal enzyme activity at pH 5.5 and 75 °C, and its specific activity was 33.9 U/mg. To improve the substrate tolerance of BaADC, site-directed mutation was used to construct variants. The optimal variant BaADC_I88M exhibited higher pH stability and thermostability, with 1.2-fold increase in catalytic efficiency. Moreover, through the fed-batch method, the conversion of L-aspartic acid to β-alanine catalyzed by BaADC_I88M reached 98.6% (128.67 g/L) at 12 h, which was 1.42-fold that of the wild-type enzyme. The mechanism of improved substrate tolerance was interpreted by molecular dynamics simulation and structural analysis, which revealed that the local conformational change in the active pocket could promote correct protonation. These results suggested that BaADC and its variant are potential candidates for use in the industrial production of β-alanine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ding
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuguo Duan
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
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Wiącek J, Karolkiewicz J. Different Approaches to Ergogenic, Pre-, and Probiotic Supplementation in Sports with Different Metabolism Characteristics: A Mini Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061541. [PMID: 36986269 PMCID: PMC10056922 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sport disciplines with different metabolic characteristics require different dietary approaches. Bodybuilders or sprinters ("anaerobic" athletes) need a high-protein diet (HPD) in order to activate muscle protein synthesis after exercise-induced muscle damage and use nitric oxide enhancers (such as citrulline and nitrates) to increase vasodilatation, whereas endurance athletes, such as runners or cyclists ("aerobic" athletes), prefer a high-carbohydrate diet (HCHD), which aims to restore the intramuscular glycogen, and supplements containing buffering agents (such as sodium bicarbonate and beta-alanine). In both cases, nutrient absorption, neurotransmitter and immune cell production and muscle recovery depend on gut bacteria and their metabolites. However, there is still insufficient data on the impact of an HPD or HCHD in addition to supplements on "anaerobic" and "aerobic" athletes' gut microbiota and how this impact could be affected by nutritional interventions such as pre- and probiotic therapy. Additionally, little is known about the role of probiotics in the ergogenic effects of supplements. Based on the results of our previous research on an HPD in amateur bodybuilders and an HCHD in amateur cyclists, we reviewed human and animal studies on the effects of popular supplements on gut homeostasis and sport performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Wiącek
- Food and Nutrition Department, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Karolkiewicz
- Food and Nutrition Department, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
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Zhang Y, Liu D, Ma Z, Wang C, Gu S, Zhou Z, Zuo H. Plasma β-Alanine is Positively Associated With Risk of Ischemic Stroke: a Nested Case-Control Study. J Nutr 2023; 153:1162-1169. [PMID: 36854355 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggested that β-alanine as a neurotransmitter could affect the pathogenesis of ischemic damage. However, the association between circulating β-alanine and risk of ischemic stroke (IS) has not been evaluated in populations. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the association between β-alanine and IS risk in a nested case-control study. METHODS We performed a case-control study nested within a prospective community-based cohort (n = 16457; median follow-up time: 5.3 y), which included 321 incident IS cases and 321 controls matched by age and sex. Β-alanine and other metabolites were measured in plasma after overnight fasting by LC-MS/MS. The association of β-alanine with risk of IS was evaluated by conditional logistic regression. BMI, current smoking, educational attainment, physical activity, total energy intake, family history of stroke, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and estimated GFR were adjusted in multivariable models. RESULTS There was a significant Spearman partial correlation between β-alanine and 4-pyridoxic acid (ρ = 0.239; P < 0.001). Participants with elevated β-alanine levels were more likely to develop IS with an adjusted OR of 1.26 (95% CI: 1.06-1.51; P = 0.011) (per standard deviation increment). This association remained significant after excluding the first 2 y of follow-up, and after further adjustment for red meat intake, total protein intake, medication use, or vitamin B6 indicators. CONCLUSIONS Our novel findings revealed that plasma β-alanine at baseline were positively associated with risk of IS and may function as an early biomarker of IS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhang
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ze Ma
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cuicui Wang
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shujun Gu
- Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Changshu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengyuan Zhou
- Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Changshu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Hui Zuo
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Multi-target action of β-alanine protects cerebellar tissue from ischemic damage. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:747. [PMID: 36038575 PMCID: PMC9424312 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05159-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Brain ischemic stroke is among the leading causes of death and long-term disability. New treatments that alleviate brain cell damage until blood supply is restored are urgently required. The emerging focus of anti-stroke strategies has been on blood-brain-barrier permeable drugs that exhibit multiple sites of action. Here, we combine single-cell electrophysiology with live-cell imaging to find that β-Alanine (β-Ala) protects key physiological functions of brain cells that are exposed to acute stroke-mimicking conditions in ex vivo brain preparations. β-Ala exerts its neuroprotective action through several distinct pharmacological mechanisms, none of which alone could reproduce the neuroprotective effect. Since β-Ala crosses the blood-brain barrier and is part of a normal human diet, we suggest that it has a strong potential for acute stroke treatment and facilitation of recovery.
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Dominowski L, Kirsch M. Synergistic Effect of β-alanine and Aprotinin on Mesenteric Ischemia. J Surg Res 2021; 263:78-88. [PMID: 33639373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute mesenteric ischemia arises through sudden interruption of mesenteric blood flow, mostly due to an occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery and is associated with a high mortality of approximately 50% to 90%. In previous studies, the single application of β-alanine or aprotinin caused an ameliorated intestinal damage but without any systemic effects. METHODS To analyze the combined effect of β-alanine and aprotinin on acute ischemia and reperfusion of the small intestine, a model with anesthetized rats was used. Ischemia and reperfusion were initiated by occluding and reopening the superior mesenteric artery. After 120 min of ischemia and 180 min of reperfusion, the intestine was analyzed for tissue damage, the activity of the saccharase, and accumulation of granulocytes. In addition, systemic and metabolic as well as inflammatory parameters were measured in blood at certain points in time. RESULTS The combination of β-alanine and aprotinin resulted in a clearly stabilized mean arterial blood pressure and blood glucose level during the reperfusion period. Furthermore, the combined administration resulted in significantly reduced tissue damage parameters, cytokine and cell-free hemoglobin concentrations in blood plasma. In addition, the damage to the small intestine was significantly attenuated, so that the animals ultimately survived the entire test period because of the administration of both substances. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the simultaneous application of both substances leads to a synergistic protection without the occurrence of undesirable side effects. The combined usage of β-alanine and aprotinin can be seen as a promising approach to inhibit the onset of acute mesenteric ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Dominowski
- Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Kirsch
- Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Alonso MN, Mata-Forte T, García-León N, Vullo PA, Ramirez-Olivencia G, Estébanez M, Álvarez-Marcos F. Incidence, Characteristics, Laboratory Findings and Outcomes in Acro-Ischemia in COVID-19 Patients. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2020; 16:467-478. [PMID: 33262599 PMCID: PMC7699992 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s276530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim In addition to its respiratory impact of SARS-CoV2, skin lesions of probable vascular origin have been described. This study intends to quantify the incidence of acro-ischemic lesions in COVID-19 infected adult subjects in our population, describing clinical patterns and associated findings. Methods All adult confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection who presented with acro-ischemic lesions and received care in our institution were prospectively enrolled up to May 15th, 2020. The variables included demographics, comorbidities, analytical parameters, clinical presentations and COVID-19 treatment. Results We enrolled 24 patients. The overall rate of acro-ischemic findings in COVID-19 patients was 1.2% [0.6% for outpatients and 2.9% for hospitalized (ICU and non-ICU patients)], but the observed incidence for acro-ischemia in ICU patients was remarkably higher (23.0%, p<0.001). We have described four different clinical patterns of acroischemia: atypical Raynaud´s phenomenon (ARP), (4); pseudo-pernio (PP), (5); severe microcirculatory ischemia with preserved pulse (SMI), (6); and dry gangrene with arteriosclerosis obliterans (AO), (9). Kendall´s τ correlation with lung disease severity was 0.877 (95% CI, 0.756 to 0.968); p<0.01). ARP individuals were predominantly female, while SMI appeared lately in elderly hospitalized subjects with better prognosis. AO occurred in patients with more comorbidity and younger than those with SMI. We observed other associated lesions of suggestive ischemic nature in other organs in all groups (15 patients of total sample). Plasma procalcitonin was significantly higher in patients who developed SMI (median and interquartile range: 9.99 (4.2, 12.3) mg/mL vs 0.26 (0.11, 0.89) mg/mL; p<0.001), and D-dimer level at hospital admission was significantly higher in AO patients (median and interquartile range: 1166 (1050, 2111) mg/L vs 502 (448, 777) mg/L; p<0.001). Conclusion The observed risk for acroischemia in COVID-19 is high in ICU patients (23%). We have described four different clinical patterns of acroischemia (ARP, PP, SMI and AO) associated with lung disease severity. Authors have communicated various lesions of suggestive ischemic nature in other organs. Raynaud-like pattern is reported as a "novelty".
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Affiliation(s)
- María Noelia Alonso
- Vascular Surgery Department, Central Defense Gómez Ulla Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Thrombosis and Anticoagulation Committee, Central Defense Gómez Ulla Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tatiana Mata-Forte
- Infectious Diseases Department, Central Defense Gómez Ulla Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia García-León
- Thrombosis and Anticoagulation Committee, Central Defense Gómez Ulla Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Hematology Department, Central Defense Gómez Ulla Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Agostina Vullo
- Thrombosis and Anticoagulation Committee, Central Defense Gómez Ulla Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Anesthesiology Department, Central Defense Gómez Ulla Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Miriam Estébanez
- Infectious Diseases Department, Central Defense Gómez Ulla Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Khripun AI, Mironkov AB, Pryamikov AD, Tyurin IN, Abashin MV, Alimov AN, Shurygin SN, Agasyan GA. [Endovascular surgery for acute mesenteric ischemia]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2020:61-66. [PMID: 32271739 DOI: 10.17116/hirurgia202003161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the results of endovascular treatment of 15 patients with acute mesenteric ischemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS There were 15 patients with acute mesenteric ischemia who underwent surgery (9 men and 6 women). Mean age was 77±11 years. Acute intestinal ischemia was caused by thromboembolism of superior mesenteric artery (9 patients), thrombosis of superior mesenteric artery (5 patients) and critical stenosis of the ostia of superior mesenteric artery and celiac trunk (1 patient). Mean time from clinical manifestation of disease to admission to the hospital was 13 hours (range 2-72 hours). In-hospital development of acute mesenteric ischemia was noted in 2 patients. Indications for endovascular intervention and techniques of endovascular revascularization of superior mesenteric artery are described in the article. RESULTS Blood flow restoration in superior mesenteric artery was achieved in 14 (93%) out of 15 patients. Laparotomy was required in 4 (27%) patients for extensive resection of necrotic intestine (n=1, 6.7%), local resection of small bowel (n=2, 13%). In another (6.7%) patient, intestine was recognized as viable after laparotomy. A bulk of intestine was preserved in most patients (n=14, 93%). In-hospital mortality rate was 47% (7 patients died). The main cause of nosocomial death (6 cases) was reperfusion syndrome followed by respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure. CONCLUSION New methods of prevention and treatment of reperfusion syndrome can improve the results of treatment of acute mesenteric ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Khripun
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Department of Surgery and Endoscopy of the Faculty of Additional Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - A B Mironkov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Department of Surgery and Endoscopy of the Faculty of Additional Professional Education, Moscow, Russia; V.M. Buyanov Municipal Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - A D Pryamikov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Department of Surgery and Endoscopy of the Faculty of Additional Professional Education, Moscow, Russia; V.M. Buyanov Municipal Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - I N Tyurin
- V.M. Buyanov Municipal Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation of the Faculty of Additional Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Abashin
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Department of Surgery and Endoscopy of the Faculty of Additional Professional Education, Moscow, Russia; V.M. Buyanov Municipal Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Alimov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Department of Surgery and Endoscopy of the Faculty of Additional Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - S N Shurygin
- V.M. Buyanov Municipal Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - G A Agasyan
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Department of Surgery and Endoscopy of the Faculty of Additional Professional Education, Moscow, Russia; V.M. Buyanov Municipal Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
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Zou X, Guo L, Huang L, Li M, Zhang S, Yang A, Zhang Y, Zhu L, Zhang H, Zhang J, Feng Z. Pathway construction and metabolic engineering for fermentative production of β-alanine in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:2545-2559. [PMID: 31989219 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10359-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
β-Alanine is a naturally occurring β-amino acid that has been widely applied in the life and health field. Although microbial fermentation is a promising method for industrial production of β-alanine, an efficient microbial cell factory is still lacking. In this study, a new metabolically engineered Escherichia coli strain for β-alanine production was developed through a series of introduction, deletion, and overexpression of genes involved in its biosynthesis pathway. First, the L-aspartate a-decarboxylase gene, BtADC, from Bacillus tequilensis, with higher catalytic activity to produce β-alanine from aspartate, was constitutively expressed in E. coli, leading to an increased production of β-alanine up to 2.76 g/L. Second, three native aspartate kinase genes, akI, akII, and akIII, were knocked out to promote the production of β-alanine to a higher concentration of 4.43 g/L by preventing from bypass loss of aspartate. To increase the amount of aspartate, the native AspC gene was replaced with PaeAspDH, a L-aspartate dehydrogenase gene from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, accompanied with the overexpression of the native AspA gene, to further improve the production level of β-alanine to 9.27 g/L. Last, increased biosynthesis of oxaloacetic acid (OAA) was achieved by a combination of overexpression of the native PPC, introduction of CgPC, a pyruvate decarboxylase from Corynebacterium glutamicum, and deletion of ldhA, pflB, pta, and adhE in E. coli, to further enhance the production of β-alanine. Finally, the engineered E. coli strain produced 43.12 g/L β-alanine in fed-batch fermentation. Our study will lay a solid foundation for the promising application of β-alanine in the life and health field. KEY POINTS: • Overexpression of BtADC resulted in substantial accumulation of β-alanine. • The native AspC was replaced with PaeAspDH to catalyze the transamination of OAA. • Deletion of gluDH prevented from losing carbon flux in TCA recycle. • A 43.12-g/L β-alanine production in fed-batch fermentation was achieved. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zou
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, Shandong Province, China
| | - Laixian Guo
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lilong Huang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, Shandong Province, China
| | - Miao Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, Shandong Province, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, Shandong Province, China
| | - Anren Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, Shandong Province, China
| | - Luying Zhu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, Shandong Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, Shandong Province, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, Shandong Province, China. .,Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Zhibin Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, Shandong Province, China.
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Lushnikova I, Maleeva G, Skibo G. Glycine receptors are involved in hippocampal neuronal damage caused by oxygen-glucose deficiency. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1423-1431. [PMID: 30022566 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Glycine receptors (GlyRs) belong to the family of ligand-gated cys-loop receptors and effectuate fast inhibitory neurotransmission in central nervous system (CNS). They are involved in numerous physiological processes, such as movement, respiration, and processing of sensory information, as well as in regulation of neuronal excitability in different brain regions. GlyRs play important role in the maintenance of excitatory/inhibitory balance in the hippocampus and participate in the development of various brain pathologies. In the present study, we have examined a surface expression of GlyRs by pyramidal neurons and astrocytes in control and after 30 min of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in the organotypic culture of hippocampal slices. Our investigation has demonstrated a decrease in GlyR-positive staining associated with pyramidal neurons and relative stability of GlyRs expression at the surface of astrocytes 4 hs after OGD. These data indicate that GlyRs dysfunction may represent a significant additional factor leading to enhanced neuronal damage induced by OGD. Pharmacological modulation of GlyRs is a promising venue of research for the correction of negative consequences of oxygen-glucose deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Lushnikova
- Department of Cytology, O.O.Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Galyna Maleeva
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France
| | - Galyna Skibo
- Department of Cytology, O.O.Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences, Kiev, Ukraine
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Schroeder DC, Maul AC, Mahabir E, Koxholt I, Yan X, Padosch SA, Herff H, Bultmann-Mellin I, Sterner-Kock A, Annecke T, Hucho T, Böttiger BW, Guschlbauer M. Evaluation of small intestinal damage in a rat model of 6 Minutes cardiac arrest. BMC Anesthesiol 2018; 18:61. [PMID: 29866034 PMCID: PMC5993127 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-018-0530-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contribution of the small intestine to systemic inflammation after cardiac arrest (CA) is poorly understood. The objective was to evaluate whether an in vivo rat model of 6 min CA is suitable to initiate intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion-injury and to evaluate histomorphological changes and inflammatory processes in the small intestinal mucosa resp. in sera. METHODS Adult male Wistar rats were subjected to CA followed by cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. Proximal jejunum and serum was collected at 6 h, 24 h, 72 h and 7 d post return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and from a control group. The small intestine was evaluated histomorphologically. Cytokine concentrations were measured in jejunum lysates and sera. RESULTS Histomorphological evaluation revealed a significant increase in mucosal damage in the jejunum at all timepoints compared to controls (p < 0.0001). In jejunal tissues, concentrations of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-10, and TNF-α showed significant peaks at 24 h and were 1.5- to 5.7-fold higher than concentrations at 6 h and in the controls (p < 0.05). In serum, a significant higher amount of cytokine was detected only for IL-1β at 24 h post-ROSC compared to controls (15.78 vs. 9.76 pg/ml). CONCLUSION CA resulted in mild small intestinal tissue damage but not in systemic inflammation. A rat model of 6 min CA is not capable to comprehensively mimic a post cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). Whether there is a vital influence of the intestine on the PCAS still remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C. Schroeder
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexandra C. Maul
- Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str.10, Cologne, Germany
| | - Esther Mahabir
- Comparative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str.21, Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabell Koxholt
- Comparative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str.21, Cologne, Germany
| | - Xiaowei Yan
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan A. Padosch
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, Cologne, Germany
| | - Holger Herff
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, Cologne, Germany
| | - Insa Bultmann-Mellin
- Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str.10, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anja Sterner-Kock
- Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str.10, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Annecke
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tim Hucho
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernd W. Böttiger
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria Guschlbauer
- Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str.10, Cologne, Germany
- Decentral Animal Facility, University Hospital of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str.10, Cologne, Germany
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Effect of Glycine, Pyruvate, and Resveratrol on the Regeneration Process of Postischemic Intestinal Mucosa. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1072969. [PMID: 29201896 PMCID: PMC5671670 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1072969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Intestinal ischemia is often caused by a malperfusion of the upper mesenteric artery. Since the intestinal mucosa is one of the most rapidly proliferating organs in human body, this tissue can partly regenerate itself after the onset of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Therefore, we investigated whether glycine, sodium pyruvate, and resveratrol can either support or potentially harm regeneration when applied therapeutically after reperfusion injury. Methods I/R of the small intestine was initiated by occluding and reopening the upper mesenteric artery in rats. After 60 min of ischemia and 300 min of reperfusion, glycine, sodium pyruvate, or resveratrol was administered intravenously. Small intestine regeneration was analyzed regarding tissue damage, activity of saccharase, and Ki-67 positive cells. Additionally, systemic parameters and metabolic ones were obtained at selected periods. Results Resveratrol failed in improving the outcome after I/R, while glycine showed a partial beneficial effect. Sodium pyruvate ameliorated metabolic acidosis, diminished histopathologic tissue injury, and increased cell proliferation in the small intestine. Conclusion While glycine could improve in part regeneration but not proliferation, sodium pyruvate seems to be a possible therapeutic agent to facilitate proliferation and to support mucosal regeneration after I/R injury to the small intestine.
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Wrobeln A, Laudien J, Groß-Heitfeld C, Linders J, Mayer C, Wilde B, Knoll T, Naglav D, Kirsch M, Ferenz KB. Albumin-derived perfluorocarbon-based artificial oxygen carriers: A physico-chemical characterization and first in vivo evaluation of biocompatibility. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 115:52-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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