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Rashidi F, Mohammadzadeh M, Abdolmaleki A, Asadi A, Sheikhlou M. Acellular carotid scaffold and evaluation the biological and biomechanical properties for tissue engineering. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2024; 16:28-37. [PMID: 38584661 PMCID: PMC10997974 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.32899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The issues associated with the limitation of appropriate autologous vessels for vascular reconstruction via bypass surgery highlight the need for new alternative strategies based on tissue engineering. The present study aimed to prepare decellularized scaffolds from ovine carotid using chemical decellularization method. Methods Ovine carotid were decellularized with Triton X-100 and tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP) at 37 °C. Histological analysis, biochemical tests, biomechanical assay and biocompatibility assay were used to investigate the efficacy of decellularization. Results Decellularization method could successfully decellularize ovine carotid without leaving any cell remnants. Scaffolds showed minimal destruction of the three-dimensional structure and extracellular matrix, as well as adequate mechanical resistance and biocompatibility for cell growth and proliferation. Conclusion Prepared acellular scaffold exhibited the necessary characteristics for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farina Rashidi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Arash Abdolmaleki
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Namin, Iran
| | - Asadollah Asadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Sheikhlou
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Namin, Iran
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Hao D, Lin J, Liu R, Pivetti C, Yamashiro K, Schutzman LM, Sageshima J, Kwong M, Bahatyrevich N, Farmer DL, Humphries MD, Lam KS, Panitch A, Wang A. A bio-instructive parylene-based conformal coating suppresses thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia of implantable vascular devices. Bioact Mater 2023; 28:467-479. [PMID: 37408799 PMCID: PMC10318457 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Implantable vascular devices are widely used in clinical treatments for various vascular diseases. However, current approved clinical implantable vascular devices generally have high failure rates primarily due to their surface lacking inherent functional endothelium. Here, inspired by the pathological mechanisms of vascular device failure and physiological functions of native endothelium, we developed a new generation of bioactive parylene (poly(p-xylylene))-based conformal coating to address these challenges of the vascular devices. This coating used a polyethylene glycol (PEG) linker to introduce an endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) specific binding ligand LXW7 (cGRGDdvc) onto the vascular devices for preventing platelet adhesion and selectively capturing endogenous EPCs. Also, we confirmed the long-term stability and function of this coating in human serum. Using two vascular disease-related large animal models, a porcine carotid artery interposition model and a porcine carotid artery-jugular vein arteriovenous graft model, we demonstrated that this coating enabled rapid generation of self-renewable "living" endothelium on the blood contacting surface of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts after implantation. We expect this easy-to-apply conformal coating will present a promising avenue to engineer surface properties of "off-the-shelf" implantable vascular devices for long-lasting performance in the clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dake Hao
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
| | - Jonathan Lin
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
| | - Ruiwu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
| | - Christopher Pivetti
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
| | - Kaeli Yamashiro
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
| | - Linda M. Schutzman
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
| | - Junichiro Sageshima
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
| | - Mimmie Kwong
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
| | - Nataliya Bahatyrevich
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
| | - Diana L. Farmer
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
| | - Misty D. Humphries
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
| | - Kit S. Lam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
| | - Alyssa Panitch
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Aijun Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Sacramento, CA, 95817, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
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Wonski BT, Patel B, Tepper DG, Siddiqui A, Kabbani LS, Lam MT. Adipose-derived stem cells significantly increases collagen level and fiber maturity in patient-specific biological engineered blood vessels. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291766. [PMID: 37738272 PMCID: PMC10516413 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering has driven significant research in the strive to create a supply of tissues for patient treatment. Cell integration into engineered tissues maximizes functional capabilities, however, issues of rejection remain. Autologous cell sources able to solve this issue are difficult to identify for tissue engineering purposes. Here, we present the efficacy of patient-sourced cells derived from adipose (adipose-derived stem cells, ASCs) and skin tissue (dermal fibroblasts, PtFibs) to build a combined engineered tunica media and adventitia graft, respectively. Patient cells were integrated into our lab's vascular tissue engineering technique of forming vascular rings that are stacked into a tubular structure to create the vascular graft. For the media layer, ASCs were successfully differentiated into the smooth muscle phenotype using angiotensin II followed by culture in smooth muscle growth factors, evidenced by significantly increased expression of αSMA and myosin light chain kinase. Engineered media vessels composed of differentiated ASCs (ASC-SMCs) exhibited an elastic modulus (45.2 ± 18.9 kPa) between that of vessels of undifferentiated ASCs (71.8 ± 35.3 kPa) and control human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs; 18.7 ± 5.49 kPa) (p<0.5). Tensile strength of vessels composed of ASCs (41.3 ± 15.7 kPa) and ASC-SMCs (37.3 ± 17.0 kPa) were higher compared to vessels of HASMCs (28.4 ± 11.2 kPa). ASC-based tissues exhibited a significant increase in collagen content and fiber maturity- both factors contribute to tissue strength and stability. Furthermore, vessels gained stability and a more-uniform single-tubular shape with longer-term 1-month culture. This work demonstrates efficacy of ASCs and PtFibs to create patient-specific vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan T. Wonski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Bijal Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Donna G. Tepper
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Aamir Siddiqui
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Loay S. Kabbani
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Mai T. Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
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Nash KM, Boe BA, Carrillo SA, Harrison A, Iwaki R, Kelly J, Kirkton RD, Krishnamurthy R, Lawson JH, Matsuzaki Y, Prichard HL, Shah K, Shinoka T, Breuer CK. Evaluation of tissue-engineered human acellular vessels as a Blalock-Taussig-Thomas shunt in a juvenile primate model. JTCVS OPEN 2023; 15:433-445. [PMID: 37808023 PMCID: PMC10556952 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2023.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Palliative treatment of cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) uses systemic-to-pulmonary conduits, often a modified Blalock-Taussig-Thomas shunt (mBTTs). Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) mBTTs have associated risks for thrombosis and infection. The Human Acellular Vessel (HAV) (Humacyte, Inc) is a decellularized tissue-engineered blood vessel currently in clinical trials in adults for vascular trauma, peripheral artery disease, and end-stage renal disease requiring hemodialysis. In addition to restoring blood flow, the engineered HAV demonstrates the capacity for host cellular remodeling into native-like vasculature. Here we report preclinical evaluation of a small-diameter (3.5 mm) HAV as a mBTTs in a non-human primate model. Methods We implanted 3.5 mm HAVs as right subclavian artery to pulmonary artery mBTTs in non-immunosuppressed juvenile rhesus macaques (n = 5). HAV patency, structure, and blood flow were assessed by postoperative imaging from 1 week to 6 months. Histology of HAVs and surrounding tissues was performed. Results Surgical procedures were well tolerated, with satisfactory anastomoses, showing feasibility of using the 3.5 mm HAV as a mBTTs. All macaques had some immunological reactivity to the human extracellular matrix, as expected in this xenogeneic model. HAV mBTTs remained patent for up to 6 months in animals, exhibiting mild immunoreactivity. Two macaques displaying more severe immunoreactivity to the human HAV material developed midgraft dilatation without bleeding or rupture. HAV repopulation by host cells expressing smooth muscle and endothelial markers was observed in all animals. Conclusions These findings may support use of 3.5 mm HAVs as mBTTs in CCHD and potentially other pediatric vascular indications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian A. Boe
- The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sergio A. Carrillo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Andrew Harrison
- The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ryuma Iwaki
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - John Kelly
- The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | | | - Jeffrey H. Lawson
- Humacyte, Inc, Durham, NC
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Yuichi Matsuzaki
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Kejal Shah
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Toshiharu Shinoka
- The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christopher K. Breuer
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
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Wang J, Blalock SK, Levitan GS, Prichard HL, Niklason LE, Kirkton RD. Biological mechanisms of infection resistance in tissue engineered blood vessels compared to synthetic expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts. JVS Vasc Sci 2023; 4:100120. [PMID: 37662589 PMCID: PMC10474492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2023.100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Synthetic expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts are known to be susceptible to bacterial infection. Results from preclinical and clinical studies of bioengineered human acellular vessels (HAVs) have shown relatively low rates of infection. This study evaluates the interactions of human neutrophils and bacteria with ePTFE and HAV vascular conduits to determine whether there is a correlation between neutrophil-conduit interactions and observed differences of their infectivity in vivo. Methods A phase III comparative clinical study between investigational HAVs (n = 177) and commercial ePTFE grafts (n = 178) used for hemodialysis access (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02644941) was evaluated for conduit infection rates followed by histological analyses of HAV and ePTFE tissue explants. The clinical histopathology of HAV and ePTFE conduits reported to be infected was compared with immunohistochemistry of explanted materials from a preclinical model of bacterial contamination. Mechanistic in vitro studies were then conducted using isolated human neutrophils seeded directly onto HAV and ePTFE materials to analyze neutrophil viability, morphology, and function. Results Clinical trial results showed that the HAV had a significantly lower (0.93%; P = .0413) infection rate than that of ePTFE (4.54%). Histological analysis of sections from infected grafts explanted approximately 1 year after implantation revealed gram-positive bacteria near cannulation sites. Immunohistochemistry of HAV and ePTFE implanted in a well-controlled rodent infection model suggested that the ePTFE matrix permitted bacterial infiltration and colonization but may be inaccessible to neutrophils. In the same model, the HAV showed host recellularization and lacked detectable bacteria at the 2-week explant. In vitro results demonstrated that the viability of human neutrophils decreased significantly upon exposure to ePTFE, which was associated with neutrophil elastase release in the absence of bacteria. In contrast, neutrophils exposed to the HAV material retained high viability and native morphology. Cocultures of neutrophils and Staphylococcus aureus on the conduit materials demonstrated that neutrophils were more effective at ensnaring and degrading bacteria on the HAV than on ePTFE. Conclusions The HAV material seems to demonstrate a resistance to bacterial infection. This infection resistance is likely due to the HAV's native-like material composition, which may be more biocompatible with host neutrophils than synthetic vascular graft material.
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Puges M, M'Zali F, Pereyre S, Bébéar C, Cazanave C, Bérard X. A Narrative Review of Experimental Assessment to Study Vascular Biomaterials Infections and Infectability. EJVES Vasc Forum 2023; 59:49-55. [PMID: 37408851 PMCID: PMC10319211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvsvf.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Many experimental studies have been conducted to evaluate vascular and endovascular graft infections (VGEIs) and infectability in order to elaborate strategies to prevent or to treat their occurrence. A systematic literature search was conducted to collect and summarise key features of infection and infectability assessment techniques in VGEI experimental models. Methods The literature search was conducted using the Medline and Cochrane databases, with no limit on the date of publication, until 10 August 2021. Ex vivo, in vitro, and in vivo animal studies on VGEIs, published in English or French, were selected. Cross references retrieved from selected articles on PubMed database were also included in the search. Data were collected on the techniques and the protocols performed for vascular graft infection and infectability assessment. Results A total of 243 studies were included in the review: 55 in vitro studies, 169 animal studies, 17 combining the two models, and two ex vivo studies. Many experimental techniques were performed, with a lot of protocol discrepancies. The main experiments conducted were bacterial culture, with (n = 82 studies) or without sonication (n = 120), histopathology (n = 69), scanning electron microscopy (n = 36), and graft diffusion tests (n = 28). These techniques were used to answer different research questions corresponding to different graft infection steps, such as microbial adhesion and/or viability, biofilm biomass or organisation, human cell reaction, or antimicrobial activity. Conclusion Many experimental tools are available to study VGEIs, but to improve their reproducibility and scientific reliability research protocols must be standardised and include sonication of grafts before microbiological culture. Moreover, the key role of the biofilm in VGEI physiopathology must be taken into account in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Puges
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fatima M'Zali
- Aquitaine Microbiologie, UMR 5234 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sabine Pereyre
- Mycoplasma and Chlamydia Human Infections, University of Bordeaux, USC EA 3671, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Bacteriology, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cécile Bébéar
- Mycoplasma and Chlamydia Human Infections, University of Bordeaux, USC EA 3671, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Bacteriology, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Charles Cazanave
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Mycoplasma and Chlamydia Human Infections, University of Bordeaux, USC EA 3671, Bordeaux, France
| | - Xavier Bérard
- Department of Vascular Surgery, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Tan W, Boodagh P, Selvakumar PP, Keyser S. Strategies to counteract adverse remodeling of vascular graft: A 3D view of current graft innovations. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1097334. [PMID: 36704297 PMCID: PMC9871289 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1097334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular grafts are widely used for vascular surgeries, to bypass a diseased artery or function as a vascular access for hemodialysis. Bioengineered or tissue-engineered vascular grafts have long been envisioned to take the place of bioinert synthetic grafts and even vein grafts under certain clinical circumstances. However, host responses to a graft device induce adverse remodeling, to varied degrees depending on the graft property and host's developmental and health conditions. This in turn leads to invention or failure. Herein, we have mapped out the relationship between the design constraints and outcomes for vascular grafts, by analyzing impairment factors involved in the adverse graft remodeling. Strategies to tackle these impairment factors and counteract adverse healing are then summarized by outlining the research landscape of graft innovations in three dimensions-cell technology, scaffold technology and graft translation. Such a comprehensive view of cell and scaffold technological innovations in the translational context may benefit the future advancements in vascular grafts. From this perspective, we conclude the review with recommendations for future design endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States,*Correspondence: Wei Tan,
| | - Parnaz Boodagh
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Sean Keyser
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
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Huang Z, Zhang Y, Liu R, Li Y, Rafique M, Midgley AC, Wan Y, Yan H, Si J, Wang T, Chen C, Wang P, Shafiq M, Li J, Zhao L, Kong D, Wang K. Cobalt loaded electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) grafts promote antibacterial activity and vascular regeneration in a diabetic rat model. Biomaterials 2022; 291:121901. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Wang Y, Xue F, Li Y, Lin L, Wang Y, Zhao S, Zhao X, Liu Y, Tan J, Li G, Xiao H, Yan J, Tian H, Liu M, Zhang Q, Ba Z, He L, Zhao W, Zhu C, Zeng W. Programming of Regulatory T Cells In Situ for Nerve Regeneration and Long-Term Patency of Vascular Grafts. Research (Wash D C) 2022; 2022:9826426. [PMID: 35966759 PMCID: PMC9351587 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9826426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid integration into the host tissue is critical for long-term patency after small diameter tissue engineering vascular grafts (sdTEVGs) transplantation. Neural recognition may be required for host integration and functionalization of the graft. However, immune rejection and inflammation hinder nerve regeneration of sdTEVGs. Here, a CRISPR/dCas9-nanocarrier was used for targeted programming of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in situ to promote nerve regeneration of sdTEVGs by preventing excessive inflammation. Treg cells and (C-C chemokine receptor) CCR2+ macrophage recruitment occurred after transplantation. The nanodelivery system upregulated ten eleven translocation (TET2) in Treg cells in vitro. Reprogrammed Treg cells upregulated anti-inflammatory cytokines and decreased the proportion of CCR2+ macrophages. IL-6 concentrations decreased to the levels required for nerve regeneration. Implantation of CRISPR/dCas9 nanodelivery system-modified sdTEVGs in rats resulted in Treg cell editing, control of excessive inflammation, and promoted nerve regeneration. After 3 months, nerve regeneration was similar to that observed in normal blood vessels; good immune homeostasis, consistency of hemodynamics, and matrix regeneration were observed. Neural recognition promotes further integration of the graft into the host, with unobstructed blood vessels without intimal hyperplasia. Our findings provide new insights into vascular implant functionalization by the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fangchao Xue
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yanzhao Li
- Department of Anatomy, National and Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yeqin Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shanlan Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xingli Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Anatomy, National and Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ju Tan
- Department of Anatomy, National and Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Anatomy, National and Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Haoran Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Juan Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hao Tian
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhaojing Ba
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lang He
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenyan Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chuhong Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, National and Regional Engineering Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing, China
- Departments of Neurology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Schrot RJ. Letter to the Editor. The "wrap" on Tarlov cysts. J Neurosurg Spine 2022; 37:630-631. [PMID: 35594884 DOI: 10.3171/2022.3.spine22319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rudolph J Schrot
- Sutter Neuroscience Institute, Sutter Medical Center Sacramento, Sacramento, CA
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11
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Preliminary Experience with the Human Acellular Vessel: A Descriptive Case Series Detailing Early Use of a Bioengineered Blood Vessel for Arterial Repair. Ann Vasc Surg 2022; 87:100-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2022.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Vascular Remodeling of Clinically Used Patches and Decellularized Pericardial Matrices Recellularized with Autologous or Allogeneic Cells in a Porcine Carotid Artery Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063310. [PMID: 35328732 PMCID: PMC8954945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular surgery is confronted by a lack of suitable materials for patch repair. Acellular animal tissues serve as an abundant source of promising biomaterials. The aim of our study was to explore the bio-integration of decellularized or recellularized pericardial matrices in vivo. Methods: Porcine (allograft) and ovine (heterograft, xenograft) pericardia were decellularized using 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate ((1) Allo-decel and (2) Xeno-decel). We used two cell types for pressure-stimulated recellularization in a bioreactor: autologous adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) isolated from subcutaneous fat of pigs ((3) Allo-ASC and (4) Xeno-ASC) and allogeneic Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJCs) ((5) Allo-WJC and (6) Xeno-WJC). These six experimental patches were implanted in porcine carotid arteries for one month. For comparison, we also implanted six types of control patches, namely, arterial or venous autografts, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE Propaten® Gore®), polyethylene terephthalate (PET Vascutek®), chemically stabilized bovine pericardium (XenoSure®), and detoxified porcine pericardium (BioIntegral® NoReact®). The grafts were evaluated through the use of flowmetry, angiography, and histological examination. Results: All grafts were well-integrated and patent with no signs of thrombosis, stenosis, or aneurysm. A histological analysis revealed that the arterial autograft resembled a native artery. All other control and experimental patches developed neo-adventitial inflammation (NAI) and neo-intimal hyperplasia (NIH), and the endothelial lining was present. NAI and NIH were most prominent on XenoSure® and Xeno-decel and least prominent on NoReact®. In xenografts, the degree of NIH developed in the following order: Xeno-decel > Xeno-ASC > Xeno-WJC. NAI and patch resorption increased in Allo-ASC and Xeno-ASC and decreased in Allo-WJC and Xeno-WJC. Conclusions: In our setting, pre-implant seeding with ASC or WJC had a modest impact on vascular patch remodeling. However, ASC increased the neo-adventitial inflammatory reaction and patch resorption, suggesting accelerated remodeling. WJC mitigated this response, as well as neo-intimal hyperplasia on xenografts, suggesting immunomodulatory properties.
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Zhi D, Cheng Q, Midgley AC, Zhang Q, Wei T, Li Y, Wang T, Ma T, Rafique M, Xia S, Cao Y, Li Y, Li J, Che Y, Zhu M, Wang K, Kong D. Mechanically reinforced biotubes for arterial replacement and arteriovenous grafting inspired by architectural engineering. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl3888. [PMID: 35294246 PMCID: PMC8926343 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl3888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
There is a lack in clinically-suitable vascular grafts. Biotubes, prepared using in vivo tissue engineering, show potential for vascular regeneration. However, their mechanical strength is typically poor. Inspired by architectural design of steel fiber reinforcement of concrete for tunnel construction, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fiber skeletons (PSs) were fabricated by melt-spinning and heat treatment. The PSs were subcutaneously embedded to induce the assembly of host cells and extracellular matrix to obtain PS-reinforced biotubes (PBs). Heat-treated medium-fiber-angle PB (hMPB) demonstrated superior performance when evaluated by in vitro mechanical testing and following implantation in rat abdominal artery replacement models. hMPBs were further evaluated in canine peripheral arterial replacement and sheep arteriovenous graft models. Overall, hMPB demonstrated appropriate mechanics, puncture resistance, rapid hemostasis, vascular regeneration, and long-term patency, without incidence of luminal expansion or intimal hyperplasia. These optimized hMPB properties show promise as an alternatives to autologous vessels in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengke Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Quhan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Adam C. Midgley
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiuying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Tingting Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Urban Transport Emission Control Research Centre, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Tengzhi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Muhammad Rafique
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shuang Xia
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Key Disciplines of Radiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yuejuan Cao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Yangchun Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Yongzhe Che
- Department of Pathology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Meifeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Corresponding author. (D.K.); (K.W.); (M.Z.)
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Corresponding author. (D.K.); (K.W.); (M.Z.)
| | - Deling Kong
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
- Corresponding author. (D.K.); (K.W.); (M.Z.)
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Guth C, Naslund T. Surgical management of an infected external iliac artery interposition graft with a bioengineered human acellular vessel. J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech 2022; 8:111-114. [PMID: 35146221 PMCID: PMC8818913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvscit.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection of prosthetic vascular grafts can manifest as pain, pseudoaneurysms, or arterial insufficiency in the leg. We present the case of a female patient with a medical history of a right external iliac artery endofibrosis, with a persistently infected synthetic iliofemoral bypass graft, which we replaced with a bioengineered human acellular vessel. At the 12-month follow-up visit, the clinical and radiologic studies demonstrated adequate human acellular vessel patency, with no signs of infection, stenosis, or pseudoaneurysm. Subsequent to the initiation of hormone therapy and cessation of antiplatelet therapy, the patient developed graft thrombosis. She continued to do well after restoration of patency with lytic therapy. At 22 months, secondary patency has been maintained with continued anticoagulation therapy, and the patient has remained asymptomatic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy Guth
- Correspondence: Christy Guth, MD, Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1161 21st Ave S, D4313 MCN, Nashville, TN 37232-2730
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15
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Five Year Outcome in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease Who Received a Bioengineered Human Acellular Vessel for Dialysis Access. EJVES Vasc Forum 2022; 54:58-63. [PMID: 35243473 PMCID: PMC8881722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvsvf.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Patients with end stage renal failure who require haemodialysis suffer morbidity and mortality due to vascular access. Bioengineered human acellular vessels (HAVs) may provide a haemodialysis access option with fewer complications than other grafts. In a prospective phase II trial from 2012 to 2014 (NCT01744418), HAVs were implanted into 40 haemodialysis patients at three sites in Poland. The trial protocol for this “first in man” use of the HAV contemplated only two years of follow up, and the trial results were initially reported in 2016. In light of the retained HAV function seen in many of the patients at the two year time point, follow up for patients who were still alive was extended to a total of 10 years. This interim follow up report, at the long term time point of five years, assessed patient and conduit status in those who continued routine dialysis with the HAV. Methods HAVs are bioengineered by culturing human vascular smooth muscle cells on a biodegradable polymer matrix. In this study, patients with patent HAV implants at 24 months were followed every three months, starting at month 27 through to month 60, or at least five years post-implantation. This report contains the follow up functional and histological data on 29 of the original 40 patients who demonstrated HAV function at the 24 month time point. Results Eleven patients completed at month 60. One patient maintained primary patency, and 10 maintained secondary patency. Secondary patency was estimated at 58.2% (95% confidence interval 39.2–73.1) at five years, after censoring for deaths (n = 8) and withdrawals (n = 1). No HAV conduit infections were reported during the follow up period. Conclusion This phase II long term follow up shows that the human acellular vessel (HAV) may provide durable and functional haemodialysis access for patients with end stage renal disease. This long term follow up assessed conduit status in patients who continued dialysis with an HAV. At month 60, one patient maintained primary patency, and 10 maintained secondary patency. Secondary patency was estimated at 58.2% at five years, after censoring for deaths and withdrawals. No HAV conduit infections were reported during follow up. The HAV provides long term, durable and functional haemodialysis access for patients with ESRD.
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16
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Keshi E, Tang P, Weinhart M, Everwien H, Moosburner S, Seiffert N, Lommel M, Kertzscher U, Globke B, Reutzel-Selke A, Strücker B, Pratschke J, Sauer IM, Haep N, Hillebrandt KH. Surface modification of decellularized bovine carotid arteries with human vascular cells significantly reduces their thrombogenicity. J Biol Eng 2021; 15:26. [PMID: 34819102 PMCID: PMC8611970 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-021-00277-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since autologous veins are unavailable when needed in more than 20% of cases in vascular surgery, the production of personalized biological vascular grafts for implantation has become crucial. Surface modification of decellularized xenogeneic grafts with vascular cells to achieve physiological luminal coverage and eventually thromboresistance is an important prerequisite for implantation. However, ex vivo thrombogenicity testing remains a neglected area in the field of tissue engineering of vascular grafts due to a multifold of reasons. METHODS After seeding decellularized bovine carotid arteries with human endothelial progenitor cells and umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, luminal endothelial cell coverage (LECC) was correlated with glucose and lactate levels on the cell supernatant. Then a closed loop whole blood perfusion system was designed. Recellularized grafts with a LECC > 50% and decellularized vascular grafts were perfused with human whole blood for 2 h. Hemolysis and complete blood count evaluation was performed on an hourly basis, followed by histological and immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS While whole blood perfusion of decellularized grafts significantly reduced platelet counts, platelet depletion from blood resulting from binding to re-endothelialized grafts was insignificant (p = 0.7284). Moreover, macroscopic evaluation revealed thrombus formation only in the lumen of unseeded grafts and histological characterization revealed lack of CD41 positive platelets in recellularized grafts, thus confirming their thromboresistance. CONCLUSION In the present study we were able to demonstrate the effect of surface modification of vascular grafts in their thromboresistance in an ex vivo whole blood perfusion system. To our knowledge, this is the first study to expose engineered vascular grafts to human whole blood, recirculating at high flow rates, immediately after seeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriselda Keshi
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Experimental Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Tang
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Experimental Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Cluster of Excellence Matters of Activity. Image Space Material funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy - EXC 2025 - 390648296, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Hannah Everwien
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Experimental Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Moosburner
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Experimental Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolai Seiffert
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Experimental Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Lommel
- Institute for Cardiovascular Computer-Assisted Medicine, Biofluid Mechanics Lab, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kertzscher
- Institute for Cardiovascular Computer-Assisted Medicine, Biofluid Mechanics Lab, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Brigitta Globke
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Experimental Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Reutzel-Selke
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Experimental Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Strücker
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Johann Pratschke
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Experimental Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Matters of Activity. Image Space Material funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy - EXC 2025 - 390648296, Berlin, Germany
| | - Igor Maximillian Sauer
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Experimental Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany. .,Cluster of Excellence Matters of Activity. Image Space Material funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy - EXC 2025 - 390648296, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Nils Haep
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Experimental Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Karl Herbert Hillebrandt
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte
- Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Experimental Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
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Rodriguez-Soto MA, Suarez Vargas N, Riveros A, Camargo CM, Cruz JC, Sandoval N, Briceño JC. Failure Analysis of TEVG's I: Overcoming the Initial Stages of Blood Material Interaction and Stabilization of the Immune Response. Cells 2021; 10:3140. [PMID: 34831361 PMCID: PMC8625197 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular grafts (VG) are medical devices intended to replace the function of a diseased vessel. Current approaches use non-biodegradable materials that struggle to maintain patency under complex hemodynamic conditions. Even with the current advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine with the tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs), the cellular response is not yet close to mimicking the biological function of native vessels, and the understanding of the interactions between cells from the blood and the vascular wall with the material in operative conditions is much needed. These interactions change over time after the implantation of the graft. Here we aim to analyze the current knowledge in bio-molecular interactions between blood components, cells and materials that lead either to an early failure or to the stabilization of the vascular graft before the wall regeneration begins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Rodriguez-Soto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (N.S.V.); (A.R.); (C.M.C.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Natalia Suarez Vargas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (N.S.V.); (A.R.); (C.M.C.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Alejandra Riveros
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (N.S.V.); (A.R.); (C.M.C.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Carolina Muñoz Camargo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (N.S.V.); (A.R.); (C.M.C.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Juan C. Cruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (N.S.V.); (A.R.); (C.M.C.); (J.C.C.)
| | - Nestor Sandoval
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Cardiovascular Surgery, Fundación Cardio Infantil Instituto de Cardiología, Bogotá 111711, Colombia;
| | - Juan C. Briceño
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (N.S.V.); (A.R.); (C.M.C.); (J.C.C.)
- Department of Research, Fundación Cardio Infantil Instituto de Cardiología, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
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Pathological Change and Whole Transcriptome Alternation Caused by ePTFE Implantation in Myocardium. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5551207. [PMID: 34239925 PMCID: PMC8235981 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5551207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) is commonly used in cardiovascular surgery, but usually causes postoperation complications. Although great efforts have been done to relieve these complications or to understand their mechanism, there are no applicable strategies available and no understanding mechanisms, especially in the myocardium. Here, ePTFE membranes are implanted into the right ventricular outflow tract of rabbits, and the implant-related myocardium is dissected and analyzed by histology and transcriptome sequencing. ePTFE implantation causes myocardium inflammation and fibrosis. There are 1867 differently expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs, 1107 upregulated and 760 downregulated) and 246 differently expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs, 110 upregulated and 136 downregulated) identified. Bioinformatic analysis indicates that the upregulated DEmRNAs and DElncRNAs are mainly involved in inflammatory, immune responses, and extracellular matrix remodeling, while the downregulated DEmRNAs and DElncRNAs are predominantly functioned in the metabolism and cardiac remodeling. Analysis of coexpression and regulatory relationship of DEmRNAs and DElncRNAs reveals that most DElncRNAs are trans-regulated on the relevant DEmRNAs. In conclusion, ePTFE implantation causes severe myocardial tissue damages and alters the transcriptome profiles of the myocardium. Such novel data may provide a landscape of mechanisms underlying the adverse reactions caused by ePTFE implantation and uncover new therapeutic targets for inhibiting the ePTFE-related complications.
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19
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Lawson JH, Niklason LE, Roy-Chaudhury P. Challenges and novel therapies for vascular access in haemodialysis. Nat Rev Nephrol 2020; 16:586-602. [PMID: 32839580 PMCID: PMC8108319 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-020-0333-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Advances in standards of care have extended the life expectancy of patients with kidney failure. However, options for chronic vascular access for haemodialysis - an essential part of kidney replacement therapy - have remained unchanged for decades. The high morbidity and mortality associated with current vascular access complications highlights an unmet clinical need for novel techniques in vascular access and is driving innovation in vascular access care. The development of devices, biological approaches and novel access techniques has led to new approaches to controlling fistula geometry and manipulating the underlying cellular and molecular pathways of the vascular endothelium, and influencing fistula maturation and formation through the use of external mechanical methods. Innovations in arteriovenous graft materials range from small modifications to the graft lumen to the creation of completely novel bioengineered grafts. Steps have even been taken to create new devices for the treatment of patients with central vein stenosis. However, these emerging therapies face difficult hurdles, and truly creative approaches to vascular access need resources that include well-designed clinical trials, frequent interaction with regulators, interventionalist education and sufficient funding. In addition, the heterogeneity of patients with kidney failure suggests it is unlikely that a 'one-size-fits-all' approach for effective vascular access will be feasible in the current environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey H Lawson
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Humacyte, Inc., Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Humacyte, Inc., Durham, NC, USA
- School of Engineering & Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Prabir Roy-Chaudhury
- University of North Carolina Kidney Center, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- WG (Bill) Hefner VA Medical Center, Salisbury, NC, USA
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20
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Fowler PMPT, Dizon GV, Tayo LL, Caparanga AR, Huang J, Zheng J, Aimar P, Chang Y. Surface Zwitterionization of Expanded Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) via Dopamine-Assisted Consecutive Immersion Coating. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:41000-41010. [PMID: 32822163 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) is one of the materials widely used in the biomedical field, yet its application is being limited by adverse reactions such as thrombosis when it comes in contact with blood. Thus, a simple and robust way to modify ePTFE to be biologically inert is sought after. Modification of ePTFE without high-energy pretreatment, such as immersion coating, has been of interest to researchers for its straightforward process and ease in scaling up. In this study, we utilized a two-step immersion coating to zwitterionize ePTFE membranes. The first coating consists of the co-deposition of polyethylenimine (PEI) and polydopamine (PDA) to produce amine groups in the surface of the ePTFE for further functionalization. These amine groups from PEI will be coupled with the epoxide group of the zwitterionic copolymer, poly(GMA-co-SBMA) (PGS), via a ring-opening reaction in the second coating. The coated ePTFE membranes were physically and chemically characterized to ensure that each step of the coating is successful. The membranes were also tested for their thrombogenicity via quantification of the blood cells attached to it during contact with biological solutions. The coated membranes exhibited around 90% reduction in attachment with respect to the uncoated ePTFE for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli). The coating was also able to resist blood cell attachment from human whole blood by 81.57% and resist red blood cell attachment from red blood cell concentrate by 93.4%. These ePTFE membranes, which are coated by a simple immersion coating, show significant enhancement of the biocompatibility of the membranes, which shows promise for future use in biological devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Matthew Paul T Fowler
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Intramuros, Manila 1002, Philippines
- School of Graduate Studies, Mapúa University, Intramuros, Manila 1002, Philippines
| | - Gian Vincent Dizon
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
| | - Lemmuel L Tayo
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Intramuros, Manila 1002, Philippines
| | - Alvin R Caparanga
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Intramuros, Manila 1002, Philippines
| | - James Huang
- Yeu Ming Tai Chemical Industrial Co. Ltd., Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Pierre Aimar
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse 31062, France
| | - Yung Chang
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Center for Circular Economy, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
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21
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Stegmayr B, Willems C, Groth T, Martins A, Neves NM, Mottaghy K, Remuzzi A, Walpoth B. Arteriovenous access in hemodialysis: A multidisciplinary perspective for future solutions. Int J Artif Organs 2020; 44:3-16. [PMID: 32438852 PMCID: PMC7780365 DOI: 10.1177/0391398820922231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In hemodialysis, vascular access is a key issue. The preferred access is an arteriovenous fistula on the non-dominant lower arm. If the natural vessels are insufficient for such access, the insertion of a synthetic vascular graft between artery and vein is an option to construct an arteriovenous shunt for punctures. In emergency situations and especially in elderly with narrow and atherosclerotic vessels, a cuffed double-lumen catheter is placed in a larger vein for chronic use. The latter option constitutes a greater risk for infections while arteriovenous fistula and arteriovenous shunt can fail due to stenosis, thrombosis, or infections. This review will recapitulate the vast and interdisciplinary scenario that characterizes hemodialysis vascular access creation and function, since adequate access management must be based on knowledge of the state of the art and on future perspectives. We also discuss recent developments to improve arteriovenous fistula creation and patency, the blood compatibility of arteriovenous shunt, needs to avoid infections, and potential development of tissue engineering applications in hemodialysis vascular access. The ultimate goal is to spread more knowledge in a critical area of medicine that is importantly affecting medical costs of renal replacement therapies and patients’ quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Stegmayr
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christian Willems
- Department of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Department of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center of Material Research, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Albino Martins
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Portugal
| | - Nuno M Neves
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Barco, Portugal
| | - Khosrow Mottaghy
- Department of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Beat Walpoth
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (Emeritus), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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22
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Umakoshi N, Arai Y, Inaba Y, Sone M, Sugawara S, Itoh C, Hasegawa T, Onishi Y. Transhepatic Placement of Metallic Biliary Stent for Internal Drainage of Persistent Liver Abscesses. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020; 31:1000-1004. [PMID: 32376172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transhepatic placement of a metallic biliary stent for internal drainage of persistent liver abscesses was performed in 9 patients (males; median age, 65 years; range, 57-82 years) with refractory liver abscess. The median follow-up period was 2.8 months (range, 0.4-50.3 months). Technical success was achieved in all cases without any major complications. Clinical success, defined as the removal of the drainage tube without recurrent symptoms of infection, was achieved in 8 cases. Median duration until removal of the drainage tube from stent placement was 7 days (range, 0-36).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Umakoshi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan.
| | - Yasuaki Arai
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Inaba
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Interventional Radiology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Miyuki Sone
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sugawara
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan
| | - Chihiro Itoh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hasegawa
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Onishi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan
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23
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Kirkton RD, Santiago-Maysonet M, Lawson JH, Tente WE, Dahl SLM, Niklason LE, Prichard HL. Bioengineered human acellular vessels recellularize and evolve into living blood vessels after human implantation. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/485/eaau6934. [PMID: 30918113 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau6934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Traditional vascular grafts constructed from synthetic polymers or cadaveric human or animal tissues support the clinical need for readily available blood vessels, but often come with associated risks. Histopathological evaluation of these materials has shown adverse host cellular reactions and/or mechanical degradation due to insufficient or inappropriate matrix remodeling. We developed an investigational bioengineered human acellular vessel (HAV), which is currently being studied as a hemodialysis conduit in patients with end-stage renal disease. In rare cases, small samples of HAV were recovered during routine surgical interventions and used to examine the temporal and spatial pattern of the host cell response to the HAV after implantation, from 16 to 200 weeks. We observed a substantial influx of alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA)-expressing cells into the HAV that progressively matured and circumferentially aligned in the HAV wall. These cells were supported by microvasculature initially formed by CD34+/CD31+ cells in the neoadventitia and later maintained by CD34-/CD31+ endothelial cells in the media and lumen of the HAV. Nestin+ progenitor cells differentiated into either αSMA+ or CD31+ cells and may contribute to early recellularization and self-repair of the HAV. A mesenchymal stem cell-like CD90+ progenitor cell population increased in number with duration of implantation. Our results suggest that host myogenic, endothelial, and progenitor cell repopulation of HAVs transforms these previously acellular vessels into functional multilayered living tissues that maintain blood transport and exhibit self-healing after cannulation injury, effectively rendering these vessels like the patient's own blood vessel.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jeffrey H Lawson
- Humacyte Inc., Durham, NC 27713, USA.,Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | | | - Laura E Niklason
- Humacyte Inc., Durham, NC 27713, USA.,Departments of Anesthesiology and Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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24
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Durko AP, Yacoub MH, Kluin J. Tissue Engineered Materials in Cardiovascular Surgery: The Surgeon's Perspective. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:55. [PMID: 32351975 PMCID: PMC7174659 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In cardiovascular surgery, reconstruction and replacement of cardiac and vascular structures are routinely performed. Prosthetic or biological materials traditionally used for this purpose cannot be considered ideal substitutes as they have limited durability and no growth or regeneration potential. Tissue engineering aims to create materials having normal tissue function including capacity for growth and self-repair. These advanced materials can potentially overcome the shortcomings of conventionally used materials, and, if successfully passing all phases of product development, they might provide a better option for both the pediatric and adult patient population requiring cardiovascular interventions. This short review article overviews the most important cardiovascular pathologies where tissue engineered materials could be used, briefly summarizes the main directions of development of these materials, and discusses the hurdles in their clinical translation. At its beginnings in the 1980s, tissue engineering (TE) was defined as “an interdisciplinary field that applies the principles of engineering and the life sciences toward the development of biological substitutes that restore, maintain, or improve tissue function” (1). Currently, the utility of TE products and materials are being investigated in several fields of human medicine, ranging from orthopedics to cardiovascular surgery (2–5). In cardiovascular surgery, reconstruction and replacement of cardiac and vascular structures are routinely performed. Considering the shortcomings of traditionally used materials, the need for advanced materials that can “restore, maintain or improve tissue function” are evident. Tissue engineered substitutes, having growth and regenerative capacity, could fundamentally change the specialty (6). This article overviews the most important cardiovascular pathologies where TE materials could be used, briefly summarizes the main directions of development of TE materials along with their advantages and shortcomings, and discusses the hurdles in their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras P Durko
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Magdi H Yacoub
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jolanda Kluin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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25
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Afra S, Matin MM. Potential of mesenchymal stem cells for bioengineered blood vessels in comparison with other eligible cell sources. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 380:1-13. [PMID: 31897835 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03161-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Application of stem cells in tissue engineering has proved to be effective in many cases due to great proliferation and differentiation potentials as well as possible paracrine effects of these cells. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recognized as a valuable source for vascular tissue engineering, which requires endothelial and perivascular cells. The goal of this review is to survey the potential of MSCs for engineering functional blood vessels in comparison with other cell types including bone marrow mononuclear cells, endothelial precursor cells, differentiated adult autologous smooth muscle cells, autologous endothelial cells, embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. In conclusion, MSCs represent a preference in making autologous tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) as well as off-the-shelf TEVGs for emergency vascular surgery cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simindokht Afra
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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26
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Kridtayopas C, Rakangtong C, Bunchasak C, Loongyai W. Effect of prebiotic and synbiotic supplementation in diet on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, stress, and bacterial population under high stocking density condition of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2019; 98:4595-4605. [PMID: 30951594 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the effect of prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) and synbiotic (MOS mixed with Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis) on growth performance and bacterial population under high stocking density (HSD) conditions in broilers. A total of 605 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chickens were randomly assigned to 4 treatments: normal stocking density (NSD; 30 kg/m2 fed basal diets), HSD (40 kg/m2 fed basal diets), HSD chickens fed 0.1% prebiotic (HSDp), and HSD fed 0.1% synbiotic (HSDs). At 35 D of age, the body weight of HSD and HSDp were poorer than NSD group (P < 0.01), whereas the feed conversion ratio (FCR) of the HSDs) group was better than the NSD group (P < 0.01). The HSDp and HSDs groups improved FCR (P < 0.01) and has cheaper feed cost per gain compared to the HSD group. Moreover, the body weight of HSDs group was heavier than the HSDp group (P < 0.05). The level of corticosterone and the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio were highest in the HSD group, whereas these indexes were reduced in both HSDp and HSDs groups (P < 0.05). Duodenal, jejunal, and ileal villus heights were shortest in the HSD group (P < 0.01), and the lowest ileal segment goblet cell counts were also observed in this group (P < 0.05). The HSDp and HSDs groups improved the morphology of gastrointestinal (GI) tract (P < 0.05). The Lactobacillus sp. and Clostridium sp. count in the GI tract of HSD group were low (P < 0.01), whereas Escherichia coli was high (P < 0.01), and Salmonella spp. in jejunum and cecum were detectable when compared with NSD group. Conversely, Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., and Clostridium sp. in HSDp and HSDs groups were increased, and E. coli was reduced in the HSDs group (P < 0.01). Therefore, it is clear that stress from HSD negatively affected growth performance, gut morphology, and microbial population, whereas the supplementation of prebiotic or synbiotic can mitigate the effect of stress and microbial dysbiosis in gut of broiler chickens under HSD condition. Comparatively, under this condition, using synbiotic appears to have more beneficial effects than using the prebiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayatid Kridtayopas
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Choawit Rakangtong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chaiyapoom Bunchasak
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wiriya Loongyai
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, 10900 Bangkok, Thailand
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