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Tippireddy S, Azough F, Vikram, Tompkins FT, Bhui A, Freer R, Grau-Crespo R, Biswas K, Vaqueiro P, Powell AV. Tin-Substituted Chalcopyrite: An n-Type Sulfide with Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022; 34:5860-5873. [PMID: 35844633 PMCID: PMC9281371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The dearth of n-type sulfides with thermoelectric performance comparable to that of their p-type analogues presents a problem in the fabrication of all-sulfide devices. Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) offers a rare example of an n-type sulfide. Chemical substitution has been used to enhance the thermoelectric performance of chalcopyrite through preparation of Cu1-x Sn x FeS2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1). Substitution induces a high level of mass and strain field fluctuation, leading to lattice softening and enhanced point-defect scattering. Together with dislocations and twinning identified by transmission electron microscopy, this provides a mechanism for scattering phonons with a wide range of mean free paths. Substituted materials retain a large density-of-states effective mass and, hence, a high Seebeck coefficient. Combined with a high charge-carrier mobility and, thus, high electrical conductivity, a 3-fold improvement in power factor is achieved. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that substitution leads to the creation of small polarons, involving localized Fe2+ states, as confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Small polaron formation limits the increase in carrier concentration to values that are lower than expected on electron-counting grounds. An improved power factor, coupled with substantial reductions (up to 40%) in lattice thermal conductivity, increases the maximum figure-of-merit by 300%, to zT ≈ 0.3 at 673 K for Cu0.96Sn0.04FeS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Tippireddy
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6DX, United Kingdom
| | - Feridoon Azough
- Department
of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Vikram
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6DX, United Kingdom
| | - Frances Towers Tompkins
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6DX, United Kingdom
| | - Animesh Bhui
- New
Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre
for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Robert Freer
- Department
of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Ricardo Grau-Crespo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6DX, United Kingdom
| | - Kanishka Biswas
- New
Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre
for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Paz Vaqueiro
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6DX, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony V. Powell
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6DX, United Kingdom
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Cherniushok O, Smitiukh OV, Tobola J, Knura R, Marchuk OV, Parashchuk T, Wojciechowski KT. Crystal Structure and Thermoelectric Properties of Novel Quaternary Cu 2MHf 3S 8 (M-Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) Thiospinels with Low Thermal Conductivity. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022; 34:2146-2160. [PMID: 35281971 PMCID: PMC8910496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c03593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Uncovering of the origin of intrinsically low thermal conductivity in novel crystalline solids is among the main streams in modern thermoelectricity. Because of their earth-abundant nature and environmentally friendly content, Cu-based thiospinels are attractive functional semiconductors, including thermoelectric (TE) materials. Herein, we report the crystal structure, as well as electronic and TE properties of four new Cu2MHf3S8 (M-Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) thiospinels. The performed density functional theory calculations predicted the decrease of the band gap and transition from p- to n-type conductivity in the Mn-Fe-Co-Ni series, which was confirmed experimentally. The best TE performance in this work was observed for the Cu2NiHf3S8 thiospinel due to its highest power factor and low thermal conductivity. Moreover, all the discovered compounds possess very low lattice thermal conductivity κlat over the investigated temperature range. The κlat for Cu2CoHf3S8 has been found to be as low as 0.8 W m-1 K-1 at 298 K and 0.5 W m-1 K-1 at 673 K, which are significantly lower values compared to the other Cu-based thiospinels reported up to date. The strongly disturbed phonon transport of the investigated alloys mainly comes from the peculiar crystal structure where the large cubic unit cells contain many vacant octahedral voids. As it was evaluated from the Callaway approach and confirmed by the speed of sound measurements, such a crystal structure promotes the increase in lattice anharmonicity, which is the main reason for the low κlat. This work provides a guideline for the engineering of thermal transport in thiospinels and offers the discovered Cu2MHf3S8 (M-Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) compounds, as new promising functional materials with low lattice thermal conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Cherniushok
- Thermoelectric
Research Laboratory, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of
Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University
of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Ave. 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Oleksandr V. Smitiukh
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology, Volyn National
University, Voli Ave
13, Lutsk 43025, Ukraine
| | - Janusz Tobola
- Faculty
of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Ave. 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Rafal Knura
- Thermoelectric
Research Laboratory, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of
Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University
of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Ave. 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
- Department
of Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2 Chome-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo Ward, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Oleg V. Marchuk
- Department
of Chemistry and Technology, Volyn National
University, Voli Ave
13, Lutsk 43025, Ukraine
| | - Taras Parashchuk
- Thermoelectric
Research Laboratory, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of
Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University
of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Ave. 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Krzysztof T. Wojciechowski
- Thermoelectric
Research Laboratory, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of
Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University
of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Ave. 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
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Maji K, Lemoine P, Renaud A, Zhang B, Zhou X, Carnevali V, Candolfi C, Raveau B, Al Rahal Al Orabi R, Fornari M, Vaqueiro P, Pasturel M, Prestipino C, Guilmeau E. A Tunable Structural Family with Ultralow Thermal Conductivity: Copper-Deficient Cu 1-x□ xPb 1-xBi 1+xS 3. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1846-1860. [PMID: 35040653 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism that connects heat transport with crystal structures and order/disorder phenomena is crucial to develop materials with ultralow thermal conductivity (κ), for thermoelectric and thermal barrier applications, and requires the study of highly pure materials. We synthesized the n-type sulfide CuPbBi5S9 with an ultralow κ value of 0.6-0.4 W m-1 K-1 in the temperature range 300-700 K. In contrast to prior studies, we show that this synthetic sulfide does not exhibit the ordered gladite mineral structure but instead forms a copper-deficient disordered aikinite structure with partial Pb replacement by Bi, according to the chemical formula Cu1/3□2/3Pb1/3Bi5/3S3. By combining experiments and lattice dynamics calculations, we elucidated that the ultralow κ value of this compound is due to very low energy optical modes associated with Pb and Bi ions and, to a smaller extent, Cu. This vibrational complexity at low energy hints at substantial anharmonic effects that contribute to enhance phonon scattering. Importantly, we show that this aikinite-type sulfide, despite being a poor semiconductor, is a potential matrix for designing novel, efficient n-type thermoelectric compounds with ultralow κ values. A drastic improvement in the carrier concentration and thermoelectric figure of merit have been obtained upon Cl for S and Bi for Pb substitution. The Cu1-x□xPb1-xBi1+xS3 series provides a new, interesting structural prototype for engineering n-type thermoelectric sulfides by controlling disorder and optimizing doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Maji
- CRISMAT, CNRS, Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, 14000 Caen, France
| | | | - Adèle Renaud
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Physics and Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China.,Analytical and Testing Center of Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhou
- College of Physics and Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China.,Analytical and Testing Center of Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, People's Republic of China
| | - Virginia Carnevali
- Department of Physics and Science of Advanced Materials Program, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
| | - Christophe Candolfi
- Institut Jean Lamour, UMR 7198 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, 2 allée André Guinier-Campus ARTEM, BP 50840, 54011 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Bernard Raveau
- CRISMAT, CNRS, Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Rabih Al Rahal Al Orabi
- Department of Physics and Science of Advanced Materials Program, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
| | - Marco Fornari
- Department of Physics and Science of Advanced Materials Program, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859, United States
| | - Paz Vaqueiro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6DX, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Guilmeau
- CRISMAT, CNRS, Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, 14000 Caen, France
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Wyżga P, Veremchuk I, Bobnar M, Koželj P, Klenner S, Pöttgen R, Leithe‐Jasper A, Gumeniuk R. Structural Peculiarities and Thermoelectric Study of Iron Indium Thiospinel. Chemistry 2020; 26:5245-5256. [PMID: 31943404 PMCID: PMC7216953 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The homogeneity range of ternary iron indium thiospinel at 873 K was investigated. A detailed study was focused on two distinct series (y=z): 1) a previously reported charge-balanced (In0.67+0.33y □0.33-0.33y )tetr [In2-z Fez ]oct S4 (A1-series; □ stands for vacancy; the abbreviations "tetr" and "oct" indicate atoms occupying tetrahedral 8a and octahedral 16d sites, respectively) and 2) a new charge-unbalanced (In0.67+y □0.33-y )tetr [In2-z Fez ]oct S4 (A2-series). Fe atoms were confirmed to exclusively occupy an octahedral position in both series. An unusual reduction of the unit cell parameter with increasing Fe content is explained by differences in the ionic radii between Fe and In, as well as by an additional electrostatic attraction originating from charge imbalance (latter only in A2-series). The studied compound is an n-type semiconductor, and its charge carrier concentration increases or decreases for larger Fe content within the A1- and A2-series, respectively. The thermal conductivity κtot is significantly reduced upon increasing vacancy concentration, whereas the change of power factor is insufficient to drastically improve the thermoelectric figure of merit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Wyżga
- Institut für Experimentelle PhysikTU Bergakademie FreibergLeipziger Strasse 2309599FreibergGermany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - Igor Veremchuk
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - Matej Bobnar
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - Primož Koželj
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - Steffen Klenner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstrasse 348149MünsterGermany
| | - Rainer Pöttgen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische ChemieUniversität MünsterCorrensstrasse 348149MünsterGermany
| | - Andreas Leithe‐Jasper
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester StoffeNöthnitzer Strasse 4001187DresdenGermany
| | - Roman Gumeniuk
- Institut für Experimentelle PhysikTU Bergakademie FreibergLeipziger Strasse 2309599FreibergGermany
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5
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Mangelis P, Vaqueiro P, Powell AV. Improved Thermoelectric Performance through Double Substitution in Shandite-Type Mixed-Metal Sulfides. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2020; 3:2168-2174. [PMID: 32226925 PMCID: PMC7093842 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.9b02272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Substitution of tin by indium in shandite-type phases, A3Sn2S2 with mixed Co/Fe occupancy of the A-sites is used to tune the Fermi level within a region of the density of states in which there are sharp, narrow bands of predominantly metal d-character. Materials of general formula Co2.5+x Fe0.5-x Sn2--yIn y S2 (x = 0, 0.167; 0.0 ≤ y ≤ 0.7) have been prepared by solid-state reaction and the products characterized by powder X-ray diffraction. Electrical-transport property data reveal that the progressive depopulation of the upper conduction band as tin is replaced by indium increases the electrical resistivity, and the weakly temperature-dependent ρ(T) becomes more semiconducting in character. Concomitant changes in the negative Seebeck coefficient, the temperature dependence of which becomes increasingly linear, suggests the more highly substituted materials are n-type degenerate semiconductors. The power factors of the substituted phases, while increased, exhibit a weak temperature dependence. The observed reductions in thermal conductivity are principally due to reductions in the charge-carrier contribution on hole doping. A maximum figure-of-merit of (ZT)max = 0.29 is obtained for the composition Co2.667Fe0.333Sn1.6In0.4S2 at 573 K: among the highest values for an n-type sulfide at this temperature.
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Hashikuni K, Suekuni K, Usui H, Chetty R, Ohta M, Kuroki K, Takabatake T, Watanabe K, Ohtaki M. Thermoelectric Properties and Electronic Structures of CuTi2S4 Thiospinel and Its Derivatives: Structural Design for Spinel-Related Thermoelectric Materials. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:1425-1432. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuaki Hashikuni
- Department of Applied Science for Electronics and Materials, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Koichiro Suekuni
- Department of Applied Science for Electronics and Materials, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
- Transdisciplinary Research and Education Center for Green Technologies, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Usui
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Raju Chetty
- Research Institute for Energy Conservation, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Michihiro Ohta
- Research Institute for Energy Conservation, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kuroki
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Toshiro Takabatake
- Department of Quantum Matter, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Kosuke Watanabe
- Transdisciplinary Research and Education Center for Green Technologies, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Michitaka Ohtaki
- Department of Applied Science for Electronics and Materials, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
- Transdisciplinary Research and Education Center for Green Technologies, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
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