1
|
Taritsa IC, Lee D, Foppiani J, Escobar MJ, Alvarez AH, Schuster KA, Lin SJ, Lee BT. Three-Dimensional Printing in Surgical Education: An Updated Systematic Review of the Literature. J Surg Res 2024; 300:425-431. [PMID: 38861866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is being integrated into surgical practice at a significant pace, from preprocedural planning to procedure simulation. 3DP is especially useful in surgical education, where printed models are highly accurate and customizable. The aim of this study was to evaluate how 3DP is being integrated most recently into surgical residency training. METHODS We performed a structured literature search of the OVID/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PUBMED databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. Articles published from 2016 to 2023 that met predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Data extracted included surgical subspecialty using 3DP, application of 3DP, and any reported satisfaction measures of trainees. A thorough analysis of pooled data was performed to evaluate satisfaction rates among studies. RESULTS A total of 85 studies were included. The median number of participants was 18 (interquartile range 10-27). Fourteen surgical disciplines were represented, with ear, nose, and throat/otolaryngology having the highest recorded utilization of 3DP models among residents and medical students (22.0%), followed by neurosurgery (14.0%) and urology (12.0%). 3DP models were created most frequently to model soft tissue (35.3%), bone (24.7%), vessel (14.1%), mixed (16.4%), or whole organs (6.66%) (Fig.1). Feedback from trainees was overwhelmingly positive regarding the fidelity of the models and their support for integration into their training programs. Among trainees, the combined satisfaction rate with their use in the curriculum was 95% (95% confidence interval, 0.92-0.97), and the satisfaction rate with the model fidelity was 90% (95% confidence interval, 0.86-0.94). CONCLUSIONS There is wide variation in the surgical specialties utilizing 3DP models in training. These models are effective in increasing trainee comfort with both common and rare scenarios and are associated with a high degree of resident support and satisfaction. Plastic surgery programs may benefit from the integration of this technology, potentially strengthening future surgical curricula. Objective evaluations of their pedagogic effects on residents are areas of future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iulianna C Taritsa
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniela Lee
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jose Foppiani
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maria Jose Escobar
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Angelica Hernandez Alvarez
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kirsten A Schuster
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Samuel J Lin
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Bernard T Lee
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang X, Mu M, Yan J, Han B, Ye R, Guo G. 3D printing materials and 3D printed surgical devices in oral and maxillofacial surgery: design, workflow and effectiveness. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae066. [PMID: 39169972 PMCID: PMC11338467 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral and maxillofacial surgery is a specialized surgical field devoted to diagnosing and managing conditions affecting the oral cavity, jaws, face and related structures. In recent years, the integration of 3D printing technology has revolutionized this field, offering a range of innovative surgical devices such as patient-specific implants, surgical guides, splints, bone models and regenerative scaffolds. In this comprehensive review, we primarily focus on examining the utility of 3D-printed surgical devices in the context of oral and maxillofacial surgery and evaluating their efficiency. Initially, we provide an insightful overview of commonly utilized 3D-printed surgical devices, discussing their innovations and clinical applications. Recognizing the pivotal role of materials, we give consideration to suitable biomaterials and printing technology of each device, while also introducing the emerging fields of regenerative scaffolds and bioprinting. Furthermore, we delve into the transformative impact of 3D-printed surgical devices within specific subdivisions of oral and maxillofacial surgery, placing particular emphasis on their rejuvenating effects in bone reconstruction, orthognathic surgery, temporomandibular joint treatment and other applications. Additionally, we elucidate how the integration of 3D printing technology has reshaped clinical workflows and influenced treatment outcomes in oral and maxillofacial surgery, providing updates on advancements in ensuring accuracy and cost-effectiveness in 3D printing-based procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Min Mu
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jiazhen Yan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Bo Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi, 832002, China, Shihezi 832002, China
| | - Rui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Gang Guo
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen Y, Li M, Wu Y, Wang L, Cui Q. Design and fabrication of silicone cleft lip simulation model for personalized surgical training. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2024; 93:254-260. [PMID: 38723511 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY To elucidate the design and fabrication methodologies employed in creating a personalized cleft lip simulation model, primarily intended for enhancing surgical training and diverse applications. The study further sought to assess the viability of integrating this simulation model into undergraduate oral experiments and instructional settings. STUDY DESIGN Facial data from individuals with cleft lip conditions were acquired using a scanner. Subsequent stages involved reverse engineering and the utilization of 3D printing technology to generate a cleft lip silicone simulation model. The molding process entailed injecting silicone into a polylactic acid mold. The study enrolled 53 undergraduate students majoring in dentistry, who were randomly assigned to either a control or experimental group. A dedicated instructor guided each group independently, employing a combination of multiple-choice tests and surveys to gauge real-time evaluations and discern inter-group disparities. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS We successfully designed and produced a personalized cleft lip simulation model, demonstrating notable efficacy in the context of cleft lip experimental teaching. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the scores of the experimental group students on multiple-choice questions pertaining to cleft lip surgical procedures. Survey outcomes indicated that the experimental group students exhibited higher confidence levels in cleft lip surgery, as reflected from their responses to relevant questions, compared to the traditional group students. These differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The simulation model developed in this study emerges as a reliable and cost-effective training and teaching tool for cleft lip surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Lidong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Qingying Cui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming 650106, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kelly SS, Suarez CA, Mirsky NA, Slavin BV, Brochu B, Vivekanand Nayak V, El Shatanofy M, Witek L, Thaller SR, Coelho PG. Application of 3D Printing in Cleft Lip and Palate Repair. J Craniofac Surg 2024:00001665-990000000-01572. [PMID: 38738906 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This manuscript reviews the transformative impact of 3-dimensional (3D) printing technologies in the treatment and management of cleft lip and palate (CLP), highlighting its application across presurgical planning, surgical training, implantable scaffolds, and postoperative care. By integrating patient-specific data through computer-aided design and manufacturing, 3D printing offers tailored solutions that improve surgical outcomes, reduce operation times, and enhance patient care. The review synthesizes current research findings, technical advancements, and clinical applications, illustrating the potential of 3D printing to revolutionize CLP treatment. Further, it discusses the future directions of combining 3D printing with other innovative technologies like artificial intelligence, 4D printing, and in situ bioprinting for more comprehensive care strategies. This paper underscores the necessity for multidisciplinary collaboration and further research to overcome existing challenges and fully utilize the capabilities of 3D printing in CLP repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie S Kelly
- Florida Atlantic University Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Boca Raton, FL
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Muhammad El Shatanofy
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Lukasz Witek
- Biomaterials Division, NYU Dentistry
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Seth R Thaller
- DeWitt Daughtry Family, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine
- DeWitt Daughtry Family, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zaga-Galante J, Tse R, Hopper RA, Arnold A, Fisher DM, Wong-Riff KW, Podolsky DJ. Bilateral Cleft lip Simulation. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2024:10556656241230882. [PMID: 38354301 DOI: 10.1177/10556656241230882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the features, anatomic accuracy, and educational value of a high-fidelity bilateral cleft lip simulator. DESIGN Evaluation of the simulator by expert cleft surgeons after performing a simulated bilateral cleft lip repair. SETTING The simulator was evaluated by the surgeons during the Latin American Craniofacial Association meeting. PARTICIPANTS Eleven experienced cleft surgeons evaluated the simulator. The cleft surgeons were selected based on their availability during the meeting. INTERVENTIONS The participants performed a simulated bilateral cleft lip repair. They were each provided with a questionnaire assessing the simulator's features, realism and value as a training tool. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE (S) The main outcome measure are the scores obtained from a Likert-type questionnaire assessing the simulators features, realism and value. RESULTS Overall, the surgeons agreed with the simulator's realism and anatomic accuracy (average score of 3.7 out of 5). Overall, the surgeons strongly agreed with the value of the simulator as a training tool (average score of 4.6 out of 5). CONCLUSIONS A high-fidelity bilateral cleft lip simulator was developed that is realistic and valuable as a training tool. The simulator provides a comprehensive training platform to gain hands-on experience in bilateral cleft lip repair before operating on real patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Zaga-Galante
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raymond Tse
- Craniofacial Center, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Richard A Hopper
- Craniofacial Center, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - David M Fisher
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen W Wong-Riff
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dale J Podolsky
- Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Posluns Center for Image Guided Innovation and Therapeutic Intervention (PCIGITI), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Neijhoft J, Sterz J, Rüsseler M, Britz V, Bepler L, Freund V, Horz C, Henrich D, Marzi I, Janko M. Evaluation of a 3D-printed hands-on radius fracture model during teaching courses. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2024; 50:49-57. [PMID: 37524864 PMCID: PMC10923998 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-023-02327-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a 3D-printed hands-on radius fracture model for teaching courses. The model was designed to enhance understanding and knowledge of radius fractures among medical students during their clinical training. METHODS The 3D models of radius fractures were generated using CT scans and computer-aided design software. The models were then 3D printed using Fused-Filament-Fabrication (FFF) technology. A total of 170 undergraduate medical students participated in the study and were divided into three groups. Each group was assigned one of three learning aids: conventional X-ray, CT data, or a 3D-printed model. After learning about the fractures, students completed a questionnaire to assess their understanding of fracture mechanisms, ability to assign fractures to the AO classification, knowledge of surgical procedures, and perception of the teaching method as well as the influence of such courses on their interest in the specialty of trauma surgery. Additionally, students were tested on their ability to allocate postoperative X-ray images to the correct preoperative image or model and to classify them to the AO classification. RESULTS The 3D models were well received by the students, who rated them as at least equal or better than traditional methods such as X-ray and CT scans. Students felt that the 3D models improved their understanding of fracture mechanisms and their ability to explain surgical procedures. The results of the allocation test showed that the combination of the 3D model and X-ray yielded the highest accuracy in classifying fractures according to the AO classification system, although the results were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION The 3D-printed hands-on radius fracture model proved to be an effective teaching tool for enhancing students' understanding of fracture anatomy. The combination of 3D models with the traditional imaging methods improved students' ability to classify fractures and allocate postoperative images correctly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Neijhoft
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Jasmina Sterz
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Medical Faculty, Institute for Medical Education and Clinical Simulation, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Miriam Rüsseler
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Medical Faculty, Institute for Medical Education and Clinical Simulation, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Vanessa Britz
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Medical Faculty, Institute for Medical Education and Clinical Simulation, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lena Bepler
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Medical Faculty, Institute for Medical Education and Clinical Simulation, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Verena Freund
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Medical Faculty, Institute for Medical Education and Clinical Simulation, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christian Horz
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maren Janko
- Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Elayah SA, Al-Watary MQ, Sakran KA, Chao Y, Jingtao L, Hanyao H, Li Y, Shi B. Two cleft palate simulators of Furlow double-opposing Z- palatoplasty: a comparative study. BMC Surg 2023; 23:302. [PMID: 37794436 PMCID: PMC10552431 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-023-02201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the porcine tongue for palatoplasty simulation compared to 3D-printed simulators and their surgical education role. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 18 senior cleft surgeons participated in a palatoplasty simulation-based workshop conducted using porcine tongue simulators and 3D-printed simulators. This workshop consisted of a didactic session followed by a hands-on simulation session. Each participant independently used both simulators to perform Furlow double-opposing Z-plasty, which was assessed and scored by senior cleft surgeons using a scoring system including organizational flexibility and ductility, anatomical design simulation, proper incision, proper suturing, and convenience of operation. A paired t test was used for data statistical analysis and a P value < 0.05 was regarded as a statistically significant difference. RESULTS All senior cleft surgeons strongly agreed that the simulation-based workshop was a valuable learning experience, and both simulators were useful and easy to manipulate (P = 1.00). The results of this comparative study showed that a porcine tongue palatoplasty simulator had an effectively significant difference in terms of organizational flexibility and ductility (P = 0.04), and suturing was better than the 3D-printed palatoplasty simulator (P < 0.01). There were no significant differences between the simulators regarding anatomical design simulation (P = 0.76) and incision simulation (P = 0.65). CONCLUSION Both porcine tongue simulator and 3D-printed simulator have their unique strengths in surgical education for palatoplasty. Thus, the combined use of a porcine tongue and a 3D-printed cleft palate simulators are efficient as an educational model to practice Furlow double-opposing Z- palatoplasty. The porcine tongue simulators are superior in terms of organizational flexibility, ductility, and suturing simulators, while with the 3D-printed simulator, various palatoplasty techniques can be repeatedly practiced with better-simulated face and oral cavity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadam Ahmed Elayah
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cleft Lip and Palate Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Jiblah University for Medical and Health Sciences, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Mohammed Qasem Al-Watary
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Karim Ahmed Sakran
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yang Chao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Jingtao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huang Hanyao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sharmin N, Chow AK, King S. Effect of teaching tools in spatial understanding in health science education: a systematic review. CANADIAN MEDICAL EDUCATION JOURNAL 2023; 14:70-88. [PMID: 37719412 PMCID: PMC10500399 DOI: 10.36834/cmej.74978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Background The concept of spatial orientation is integral to health education. Students studying to be healthcare professionals use their visual intelligence to develop 3D mental models from 2D images, like X-rays, MRI, and CT scans, which exerts a heavy cognitive load on them. Innovative teaching tools and technologies are being developed to improve students' learning experiences. However, the impact of these teaching modalities on spatial understanding is not often evaluated. This systematic review aims to investigate current literature to identify which teaching tools and techniques are intended to improve the 3D sense of students and how these tools impact learners' spatial understanding. Methods The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed for the systematic review. Four databases were searched with multiple search terms. The articles were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and assessed for quality. Results Nineteen articles were eligible for our systematic review. Teaching tools focused on improving spatial concepts can be grouped into five categories. The review findings reveal that the experimental groups have performed equally well or significantly better in tests and tasks with access to the teaching tool than the control groups. Conclusion Our review investigated the current literature to identify and categorize teaching tools shown to improve spatial understanding in healthcare professionals. The teaching tools identified in our review showed improvement in measured, and perceived spatial intelligence. However, a wide variation exists among the teaching tools and assessment techniques. We also identified knowledge gaps and future research opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazlee Sharmin
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ava K Chow
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sharla King
- Faculty of Education, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rama M, Schlegel L, Wisner D, Pugliese R, Ramesh S, Penne R, Watson A. Using three-dimensional printed models for trainee orbital fracture education. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:467. [PMID: 37349755 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional printing is an underutilized technology in ophthalmology training; its use must be explored in complex educational scenarios. This study described a novel approach to trainee education of orbital fracture repair utilizing three-dimensional (3D) printed models as a teaching tool. METHODS Ophthalmology residents and oculoplastic fellows from multiple training institutions underwent an educational session on orbital fractures, learning through four different models. Participants analyzed orbital fractures through computerized tomography (CT) imaging alone and then utilizing CT imaging with the aid of a 3D printed model. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing their understanding of the fracture pattern and surgical approach. After the training, participants were surveyed on the impact of the educational session. Components of the training were rated by participants on a 5-point Likert scale. RESULTS A statistically significant difference (p < .05) was found in participant confidence conceptualizing the anatomic boundaries of the fracture and planning the orbital fracture approach for repair of three out of four models on pre-test post-test analysis. On exit questionnaire, 84.3% of participants thought the models were a useful tool for surgical planning, 94.8% of participants thought the models were a useful tool for conceptualizing the anatomic boundaries of the fracture, 94.8% of participants thought the models were a useful tool for orbital fracture training, and 89.5% of participants thought the exercise was helpful. CONCLUSION This study supports the value of 3D printed models of orbital fractures as an effective tool for ophthalmology trainee education to improve understanding and visualization of complex anatomical space and pathology. Given the limited opportunities trainees may have for hands-on orbital fracture practice, 3D printed models provide an accessible way to enhance training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rama
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lauren Schlegel
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Douglas Wisner
- Cataract and Primary Eye Care, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert Pugliese
- Jefferson Health Design Lab, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sathyadeepak Ramesh
- Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery, Wills Eye Hospital, 840 Walnut Street, Suite 910, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Robert Penne
- Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery, Wills Eye Hospital, 840 Walnut Street, Suite 910, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Alison Watson
- Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery, Wills Eye Hospital, 840 Walnut Street, Suite 910, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Youn JK, Park HS, Ko D, Yang HB, Kim HY, Yoon HB. Application of additional three-dimensional materials for education in pediatric anatomy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9973. [PMID: 37340064 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36912-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted this study to investigate the effects of additional education using 3D visualization (3DV) and 3D printing (3DP) after applying 2D images for anatomical education in normal pediatric structures and congenital anomalies. For the production of 3DV and 3DP of the anatomical structures, computed tomography (CT) images of the four topics (the normal upper/lower abdomen, choledochal cyst, and imperforate anus) were used. Anatomical self-education and tests were administered to a total of 15 third-year medical students with these modules. Following the tests, surveys were conducted in order to evaluate satisfaction from students. In all four topics, there were significant increases in the test results with additional education with 3DV after initial self-study with CT (P < 0.05). The difference in scores was highest for the imperforate anus when 3DV supplemented the self-education. In the survey on the teaching modules, the overall satisfaction scores for 3DV and 3DP were 4.3 and 4.0 out of 5, respectively. When 3DV was added to pediatric abdominal anatomical education, we found an enhancement in understanding of normal structures and congenital anomalies. We can expect the application of 3D materials to become more widely used in anatomical education in various fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joong Kee Youn
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Han Sang Park
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dayoung Ko
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Beom Yang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyounggi, Korea
| | - Hyun-Young Kim
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
| | - Hyun Bae Yoon
- Office of Medical Education, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Knoedler L, Knoedler S, Kauke-Navarro M, Knoedler C, Hoefer S, Baecher H, Gassner UM, Machens HG, Prantl L, Panayi AC. Three-dimensional Medical Printing and Associated Legal Issues in Plastic Surgery: A Scoping Review. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2023; 11:e4965. [PMID: 37124385 PMCID: PMC10145872 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional printing (3DP) represents an emerging field of surgery. 3DP can facilitate the plastic surgeon's workflow, including preoperative planning, intraoperative assistance, and postoperative follow-up. The broad clinical application spectrum stands in contrast to the paucity of research on the legal framework of 3DP. This imbalance poses a potential risk for medical malpractice lawsuits. To address this knowledge gap, we aimed to summarize the current body of legal literature on medical 3DP in the US legal system. By combining the promising clinical use of 3DP with its current legal regulations, plastic surgeons can enhance patient safety and outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Knoedler
- From the Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Knoedler
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Kauke-Navarro
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Christoph Knoedler
- Faculty of Applied Social and Health Sciences, Regensburg University of Applied Sciences, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simon Hoefer
- Faculty of Law, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Helena Baecher
- From the Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Hans-Guenther Machens
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas Prantl
- From the Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Adriana C. Panayi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ardila CM, González-Arroyave D, Zuluaga-Gómez M. Efficacy of three-dimensional models for medical education: A systematic scoping review of randomized clinical trials. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13395. [PMID: 36816291 PMCID: PMC9932677 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To estimate the efficacy of three-dimensional (3D) models for medical education. METHODS A systematic scoping review was performed containing diverse databases such as SCOPUS, PubMed/MEDLINE, SCIELO, and LILACS. MeSH terms and keywords were stipulated to explore randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in all languages. Solely RCTs that accomplished the eligibility criteria were admitted. RESULTS Fifteen RCTs including 1659 medical students were chosen. Five RCTs studied heart models, 3 RCTs explored facial, spinal and bone fractures and the rest of the trials investigated eye, arterial, pelvic, hepatic, chest, skull, and cleft lip and palate models. Regarding the efficacy of 3D models, in terms of learning skills and knowledge gained by medical students, most RCTs reported higher scores. Considering the test-taking times, the results were variable. Two RCTs showed less time for the 3D group, another RCT indicated variable results in the response times of the test depending on the anatomical zone evaluated, while another described that the students in the 3D group were slightly quicker to answer all questions when compared with the traditional group, but without statistical significance. The other 11 experiments did not present results about test-taking times. Most students in all RCTs indicated satisfaction, enjoyment, and interest in utilizing the 3D systems, and recognized that their abilities were enhanced. CONCLUSIONS Higher efficacy in terms of learning skills and knowledge gained was observed when the 3D systems were used by medical students. Undergraduates also expressed great satisfaction with the use of these technologies. Regarding the test-taking times, the results favored the 3D group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M. Ardila
- Basic Studies Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Antioquia, UdeA, 050010 Medellín, Colombia,Corresponding author. 70th street # 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Daniel González-Arroyave
- Medicine Department, San Vicente Fundación Hospital, 054047 Rionegro, Colombia,Bolivariana University, Medellín Colombia
| | - Mateo Zuluaga-Gómez
- Medicine Department, San Vicente Fundación Hospital, 054047 Rionegro, Colombia,Bolivariana University, Medellín Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Asghar A, Naaz S, Patra A, Ravi KS, Khanal L. Effectiveness of 3D-printed models prepared from radiological data for anatomy education: A meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of 22 randomized, controlled, crossover trials. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2022; 11:353. [PMID: 36567994 PMCID: PMC9768753 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_199_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many academicians suggested the supplementary use of 3D-printed models reconstructed from radiological images for optimal anatomy education. 3D-printed model is newer technology available to us. The purpose of this systematic review was to capture the usefulness or effectiveness of this newer technology in anatomy education. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-two studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for quantitative synthesis. The included studies were sub-grouped according to the interventions and participants. No restrictions were applied based on geographical location, language and publication years. Randomized, controlled trial, cross-sectional and cross-over designs were included. The effect size of each intervention in both participants was computed as a standardized mean difference (SMD). RESULTS Twenty-two randomized, controlled trials were included for quantitative estimation of effect size of knowledge acquisition as standardized mean difference in 1435 participants. The pooled effect size for 3D-printed model was 0.77 (0.45-1.09, 95% CI, P < 0.0001) with 86% heterogeneity. The accuracy score was measured in only three studies and estimated effect size was 2.81 (1.08-4.54, 95% CI, P = 0.001) with 92% heterogeneity. The satisfaction score was examined by questionnaire in 6 studies. The estimated effect size was 2.00 (0.69-3.32, 95% CI, P = 0.003) with significant heterogeneity. CONCLUSION The participants exposed to the 3D-printed model performed better than participants who used traditional methodologies. Thus, the 3D-printed model is a potential tool for anatomy education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adil Asghar
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Shagufta Naaz
- Department of Anaesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Apurba Patra
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Kumar S. Ravi
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Laxman Khanal
- Department of Anatomy, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Al-Badri N, Touzet-Roumazeille S, Nuytten A, Ferri J, Charkaluk ML, Nicot R. Three-dimensional printing models improves long-term retention in medical education of pathoanatomy: A randomized controlled study. Clin Anat 2022; 35:609-615. [PMID: 35388922 DOI: 10.1002/ca.23878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Craniosynostosis is a rare and complex pathology, and visuospatial skills are necessary for a good understanding of the condition. While the use of three-dimensional (3D) models has improved the understanding of complex craniofacial anatomy, no study has evaluated the impact of this teaching support on long-term retention. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our randomized controlled trial was designed to compare the long-term retention of information with 3D-printed models of four types of craniosynostosis versus classic 3D reconstructions displayed in two-dimensional (2D) among undergraduate students. All students benefited from the same standardized course followed by the manipulation of the learning tool associated with the group for 15 minutes. Long-term retention was assessed by the capability to properly recognize different types of craniosynostosis 3 weeks after the course. RESULTS Eighty-five students were enrolled. Previous educational achievements and baseline visuospatial skills were similar between the groups. The bivariate analysis showed the mean score in the 3D and 2D groups were 11.32 (2.89) and 8.08 (2.81), respectively (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS 3D-printed models of structures with spatial complexity such as various craniosynostosis patterns improve significantly medical students' long-term retention, indicating their educational efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nour Al-Badri
- Univ. Lille, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, CHU Lille, France
| | | | - Alexandra Nuytten
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Department of Neonatology, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, EA 2694 - Santé publique : épidémiologie et qualité des soins, Unité de Biostatistiques, Lille, France
| | - Joël Ferri
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, U1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, France
| | - Marie-Laure Charkaluk
- Université Catholique de Lille, Lille, France.,Service de néonatologie, Hôpital Saint Vincent de Paul, GHICL, Lille, France.,University of Paris, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center/CRESS, INSERM, INRA, Paris, France
| | - Romain Nicot
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, U1008, Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Three-Dimensional Printing Model Enhances Craniofacial Trauma Teaching by Improving Morphologic and Biomechanical Understanding: A Randomized Controlled Study. Plast Reconstr Surg 2022; 149:475e-484e. [PMID: 35196687 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000008869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teaching about craniofacial traumas is challenging given the complexity of the craniofacial anatomy and the necessity for good spatial representation skills. To solve these problems, three-dimensional printing seems to be an appropriate educative material. In this study, the authors conducted a randomized controlled trial. The authors' main objective was to compare the performance of the undergraduate medical students in an examination based on the teaching support: three-dimensionally printed models versus two-dimensional pictures. METHODS All participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups using a random number table: the three-dimensionally-printed support group (three-dimensional group) or the two-dimensionally-displayed support group (two-dimensional group). All participants completed a multiple-choice question evaluation questionnaire on facial traumatology (first, a zygomatic bone fracture; then, a double mandible fracture). Sex and potential confounding factors were evaluated. RESULTS Four hundred thirty-two fifth-year undergraduate medical students were enrolled in this study. Two hundred six students were allocated to the three-dimensional group, and 226 were allocated to the two-dimensional group. The three-dimensionally printed model was considered to be a better teaching material compared with two-dimensional support. The global mean score was 2.36 in the three-dimensional group versus 1.99 in the two-dimensional group (p = 0.008). Regarding teaching of biomechanical aspects, three-dimensionally-printed models provide better understanding (p = 0.015). Participants in both groups exhibited similar previous student educational achievements and visuospatial skills. CONCLUSIONS This prospective, randomized, controlled educational trial demonstrated that incorporation of three-dimensionally-printed models improves medical students' understanding. This trial reinforces previous studies highlighting academic benefits in using three-dimensionally-printed models mostly in the field of understanding complex structures.
Collapse
|
16
|
Humpenöder M, Corte GM, Pfützner M, Wiegard M, Merle R, Hohlbaum K, Erickson NA, Plendl J, Thöne-Reineke C. Alternatives in Education-Evaluation of Rat Simulators in Laboratory Animal Training Courses from Participants' Perspective. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:3462. [PMID: 34944238 PMCID: PMC8698197 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In laboratory animal science (LAS) education and training, five simulators are available for exercises on handling and routine procedures on the rat, which is-beside mice-the most commonly used species in LAS. Since these simulators may have high potential in protecting laboratory rats, the aim of this study is to investigate the simulators' impact on the 3R (replace, reduce, refine) principle in LAS education and training. Therefore, the simulators were evaluated by 332 course participants in 27 different LAS courses via a practical simulator training workshop and a paper-based two-part questionnaire-both integrated in the official LAS course schedule. The results showed a high positive resonance for simulator training and it was considered especially useful for the inexperienced. However, the current simulators may not completely replace exercises on live animals and improvements regarding more realistic simulators are demanded. In accordance with literature data on simulator-use also in other fields of education, more research on simulators and new developments are needed, particularly with the aim for a broad implementation in LAS education and training benefiting all 3Rs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Humpenöder
- Institute of Animal Welfare, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Behavior and Laboratory Animal Science, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (M.W.); (K.H.); (N.A.E.); (C.T.-R.)
| | - Giuliano M. Corte
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (G.M.C.); (M.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Marcel Pfützner
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (G.M.C.); (M.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Mechthild Wiegard
- Institute of Animal Welfare, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Behavior and Laboratory Animal Science, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (M.W.); (K.H.); (N.A.E.); (C.T.-R.)
| | - Roswitha Merle
- Institute for Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Katharina Hohlbaum
- Institute of Animal Welfare, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Behavior and Laboratory Animal Science, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (M.W.); (K.H.); (N.A.E.); (C.T.-R.)
| | - Nancy A. Erickson
- Institute of Animal Welfare, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Behavior and Laboratory Animal Science, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (M.W.); (K.H.); (N.A.E.); (C.T.-R.)
- MF 3—Experimental Animal Research and 3R—Method Development and Research Infrastructure, Robert Koch-Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Plendl
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (G.M.C.); (M.P.); (J.P.)
| | - Christa Thöne-Reineke
- Institute of Animal Welfare, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Behavior and Laboratory Animal Science, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany; (M.W.); (K.H.); (N.A.E.); (C.T.-R.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mehrotra D, Markus A. Emerging simulation technologies in global craniofacial surgical training. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2021; 11:486-499. [PMID: 34345584 PMCID: PMC8319526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The last few decades have seen an exponential growth in the development and adoption of novel technologies in medical and surgical training of residents globally. Simulation is an active and innovative teaching method, and can be achieved via physical or digital models. Simulation allows the learners to repeatedly practice without the risk of causing any error in an actual patient and enhance their surgical skills and efficiency. Simulation may also allow the clinical instructor to objectively test the ability of the trainee to carry out the clinical procedure competently and independently prior to trainee's completion of the program. This review aims to explore the role of emerging simulation technologies globally in craniofacial training of students and residents in improving their surgical knowledge and skills. These technologies include 3D printed biomodels, virtual and augmented reality, use of google glass, hololens and haptic feedback, surgical boot camps, serious games and escape games and how they can be implemented in low and middle income countries. Craniofacial surgical training methods will probably go through a sea change in the coming years, with the integration of these new technologies in the surgical curriculum, allowing learning in a safe environment with a virtual patient, through repeated exercise. In future, it may also be used as an assessment tool to perform any specific procedure, without putting the actual patient on risk. Although these new technologies are being enthusiastically welcomed by the young surgeons, they should only be used as an addition to the actual curriculum and not as a replacement to the conventional tools, as the mentor-mentee relationship can never be replaced by any technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Mehrotra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery KGMU, Lucknow, India
| | - A.F. Markus
- Emeritus Consultant Maxillofacial Surgeon, Poole Hospital University of Bournemouth, University of Duisburg-Essen, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Khonsari RH, Adam J, Benassarou M, Bertin H, Billotet B, Bouaoud J, Bouletreau P, Garmi R, Gellée T, Haen P, Ketoff S, Lescaille G, Louvrier A, Lutz JC, Makaremi M, Nicot R, Pham-Dang N, Praud M, Saint-Pierre F, Schouman T, Sicard L, Simon F, Wojcik T, Meyer C. In-house 3D printing: Why, when, and how? Overview of the national French good practice guidelines for in-house 3D-printing in maxillo-facial surgery, stomatology, and oral surgery. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2021; 122:458-461. [PMID: 34400375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
3D-printing is part of the daily practice of maxillo-facial surgeons, stomatologists and oral surgeons. To date, no French health center is producing in-house medical devices according to the new European standards. Based on all the evidence-based data available, a group of experts from the French Society of Stomatology, Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Oral Surgery (Société Française de Chirurgie Maxillofaciale, Stomatologie et Chirurgie Orale, SFSCMFCO), provide good practice guidelines for in-house 3D-printing in maxillo-facial surgery, stomatology, and oral surgery. Briefly, technical considerations related to printers and CAD software, which were the main challenges in the last ten years, are now nearly trivial questions. The central current issues when planning the implementation of an in-house 3D-printing platform are economic and regulatory. Successful in-house 3D platforms rely on close collaborations between health professionals and engineers, backed by regulatory and logistic specialists. Several large-scale academic projects across France will soon provide definitive answers to governance and economical questions related to the use of in-house 3D printing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Hossein Khonsari
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et chirurgie plastique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris; Faculté de médecine, Université de Paris; Paris, France.
| | | | - Mourad Benassarou
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de médecine, Sorbonne Université; Paris, France
| | - Hélios Bertin
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Hôtel-Dieu; Faculté de médecine, Université de Nantes; Nantes, France
| | | | - Jebrane Bouaoud
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de médecine, Sorbonne Université; Paris, France
| | - Pierre Bouletreau
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale, stomatologie, chirurgie orale et chirurgie plastique de la face, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Faculté de Médecine, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I; Lyon, France
| | - Rachid Garmi
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale, plastique et reconstructrice, chirurgie orale et implantologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen Normandie; Université de Caen Normandie; Caen, France
| | - Timothée Gellée
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Unité de chirurgie orale, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris; Faculté de médecine, Sorbonne Université; Paris, France
| | - Pierre Haen
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Laveran; Marseille, France
| | - Serge Ketoff
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France
| | - Géraldine Lescaille
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Unité de chirurgie orale, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris; Faculté de médecine, Sorbonne Université; Paris, France
| | - Aurélien Louvrier
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale, stomatologie et odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Franche-Comté; Besançon, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Lutz
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Strasbourg; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France
| | - Masrour Makaremi
- Département d'orthopédie dento-faciale, UFR des sciences odontologiques, Bordeaux, France
| | - Romain Nicot
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille; Faculté de Médecine Henri Warembourg, Université de Lille; Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Pham-Dang
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et chirurgie plastique, Centre Hospitalier Universtiaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Clermont Auvergne; Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Morgan Praud
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Hôtel-Dieu; Faculté de médecine, Université de Nantes; Nantes, France
| | | | - Thomas Schouman
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de médecine, Sorbonne Université; Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Sicard
- Service de chirurgie orale, Hôpital Bretonneau, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris; Faculté d'odontologie, Université de Paris; Paris, France
| | - François Simon
- Service de d'otorhinolaryngologie et chirurgie cervico-faciale pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris; Faculté de médecine, Université de Paris; Paris, France
| | - Thomas Wojcik
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille; Faculté de Médecine Henri Warembourg, Université de Lille; Lille, France
| | - Christophe Meyer
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale, stomatologie et odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Franche-Comté; Besançon, France
| | -
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et chirurgie plastique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris; Faculté de médecine, Université de Paris; Paris, France; BONE 3D, Paris, France; Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Faculté de médecine, Sorbonne Université; Paris, France; Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Hôtel-Dieu; Faculté de médecine, Université de Nantes; Nantes, France; ENNOIA, Besançon, France; Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale, stomatologie, chirurgie orale et chirurgie plastique de la face, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon; Faculté de Médecine, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I; Lyon, France; Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale, plastique et reconstructrice, chirurgie orale et implantologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen Normandie; Université de Caen Normandie; Caen, France; Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Unité de chirurgie orale, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris; Faculté de médecine, Sorbonne Université; Paris, France; Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Laveran; Marseille, France; Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, Paris, France; Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale, stomatologie et odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Franche-Comté; Besançon, France; Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Strasbourg; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France; Département d'orthopédie dento-faciale, UFR des sciences odontologiques, Bordeaux, France; Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille; Faculté de Médecine Henri Warembourg, Université de Lille; Lille, France; Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et chirurgie plastique, Centre Hospitalier Universtiaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Faculté de Médecine, Université de Clermont Auvergne; Clermont-Ferrand, France; Méthodologie, Sorbonne Université; Paris, France; Service de chirurgie orale, Hôpital Bretonneau, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris; Faculté d'odontologie, Université de Paris; Paris, France; Service de d'otorhinolaryngologie et chirurgie cervico-faciale pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker - Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris; Faculté de médecine, Université de Paris; Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Michiels C, Jambon E, Sarrazin J, Boulenger de Hauteclocque A, Ricard S, Grenier N, Faessel M, Bos F, Bernhard JC. [Comprehensive review of 3D printing use in medicine: Comparison with practical applications in urology]. Prog Urol 2021; 31:762-771. [PMID: 34154961 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past few years, 3D printing has evolved rapidly. This has resulted in an increasing number of scientific publications reporting on the medical use of 3D printing. These applications can range from patient information, preoperative planning, education, or 3D printing of patient-specific surgical implants. The objective of this review was to give an overview of the different applications in urology and other disciplines based on a selection of publications. METHODS In the current narrative review the Medline database was searched to identify all the related reports discussing the use of 3D printing in the medical field and more specifically in Urology. 3D printing applications were categorized so they could be searched more thoroughly within the Medline database. RESULTS Three-dimensional printing can help improve pre-operative patient information, anatomy and medical trainee education. The 3D printed models may assist the surgeon in preoperative planning or become patient-specific surgical simulation models. In urology, kidney cancer surgery is the most concerned by 3D printing-related publications, for preoperative planning, but also for surgical simulation and surgical training. CONCLUSION 3D printing has already proven useful in many medical applications, including urology, for patient information, education, pre-operative planning and surgical simulation. All areas of urology are involved and represented in the literature. Larger randomized controlled studies will certainly allow 3D printing to benefit patients in routine clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Michiels
- Service de chirurgie urologique et transplantation rénale, CHU Bordeaux, place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France.
| | - E Jambon
- Service d'imagerie et radiologie interventionnelle, CHU Bordeaux, France.
| | - J Sarrazin
- Fablab et Technoshop Coh@bit, IUT, Université de Bordeaux, France.
| | - A Boulenger de Hauteclocque
- Service de chirurgie urologique et transplantation rénale, CHU Bordeaux, place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France.
| | - S Ricard
- Service de chirurgie urologique et transplantation rénale, CHU Bordeaux, place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France; Réseau français de recherche sur le cancer du rein UroCCR, Bordeaux, France
| | - N Grenier
- Service d'imagerie et radiologie interventionnelle, CHU Bordeaux, France
| | - M Faessel
- Fablab et Technoshop Coh@bit, IUT, Université de Bordeaux, France.
| | - F Bos
- Fablab et Technoshop Coh@bit, IUT, Université de Bordeaux, France.
| | - J C Bernhard
- Service de chirurgie urologique et transplantation rénale, CHU Bordeaux, place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France; Réseau français de recherche sur le cancer du rein UroCCR, Bordeaux, France.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Questionnaire to Assess a Teacher’s Perception of Their Current Personal Commitment and Preferred Future Commitment to Each of the Eight Roles: Turkish Version. JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.30621/jbachs.920553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
21
|
Virani FR, Chua EC, Timbang MR, Hsieh TY, Senders CW. Three-Dimensional Printing in Cleft Care: A Systematic Review. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2021; 59:484-496. [PMID: 33960208 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211013175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the current applications of 3-dimensional (3D) printing in the care of patients with cleft lip and palate. We also reviewed 3D printing limitations, financial analysis, and future implications. DESIGN Retrospective systematic review. METHODS Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines were used by 3 independent reviewers. Articles were identified from Cochrane library, Ovid Medline, and Embase. Search terms included 3D printing, 3 dimensional printing, additive manufacturing, rapid prototyping, cleft lip, and cleft palate. Exclusion criteria included articles not in English, animal studies, reviews without original data, oral presentations, abstracts, opinion pieces, and articles without relevance to 3D printing or cleft lip and palate. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome measure was the purpose of 3D printing in the care of patients with cleft lip and palate. Secondary outcome measures were cost analysis and clinical outcomes. RESULTS Eight-four articles were identified, and 39 met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Eleven studies used 3D printing models for nasoalveolar molding. Patient-specific implants were developed via 3D printing in 6 articles. Surgical planning was conducted via 3D printing in 8 studies. Eight articles utilized 3D printing for anatomic models/educational purposes. 3-Dimensional printed models were used for surgical simulation/training in 6 articles. Bioprinting was utilized in 4 studies. Secondary outcome of cost was addressed in 8 articles. CONCLUSION 3-Dimensional printing for the care of patients with cleft lip and palate has several applications. Potential advantages of utilizing this technology are demonstrated; however, literature is largely descriptive in nature with few clinical outcome measures. Future direction should be aimed at standardized reporting to include clinical outcomes, cost, material, printing method, and results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farrukh R Virani
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Evan C Chua
- School of Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Mary Roz Timbang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | - Craig W Senders
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tenewitz C, Le RT, Hernandez M, Baig S, Meyer TE. Systematic review of three-dimensional printing for simulation training of interventional radiology trainees. 3D Print Med 2021; 7:10. [PMID: 33881672 PMCID: PMC8059217 DOI: 10.1186/s41205-021-00102-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Three-dimensional (3D) printing has been utilized as a means of producing high-quality simulation models for trainees in procedure-intensive or surgical subspecialties. However, less is known about its role for trainee education within interventional radiology (IR). Thus, the purpose of this review was to assess the state of current literature regarding the use of 3D printed simulation models in IR procedural simulation experiences. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature query was conducted through April 2020 for articles discussing three-dimensional printing for simulations in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library databases using key terms relating to 3D printing, radiology, simulation, training, and interventional radiology. RESULTS We identified a scarcity of published sources, 4 total articles, that appraised the use of three-dimensional printing for simulation training in IR. While trainee feedback is generally supportive of the use of three-dimensional printing within the field, current applications utilizing 3D printed models are heterogeneous, reflecting a lack of best practices standards in the realm of medical education. CONCLUSIONS Presently available literature endorses the use of three-dimensional printing within interventional radiology as a teaching tool. Literature documenting the benefits of 3D printed models for IR simulation has the potential to expand within the field, as it offers a straightforward, sustainable, and reproducible means for hands-on training that ought to be standardized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chase Tenewitz
- Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, USA.
| | - Rebecca T Le
- University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | | | - Saif Baig
- UF Health Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Three-dimensional Printing in Plastic Surgery: Current Applications, Future Directions, and Ethical Implications. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2021; 9:e3465. [PMID: 33968548 PMCID: PMC8099403 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000003465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is a rapidly advancing tool that has revolutionized plastic surgery. With ongoing research and development of new technology, surgeons can use 3DP for surgical planning, medical education, biological implants, and more. This literature review aims to summarize the currently published literature on 3DP's impact on plastic surgery. Methods A literature review was performed using Pubmed and MEDLINE from 2016 to 2020 by 2 independent authors. Keywords used for literature search included 3-dimensional (3D), three-dimensional printing (3DP), printing, plastic, surgery, applications, prostheses, implants, medical education, bioprinting, and preoperative planning. All studies from the database queries were eligible for inclusion. Studies not in English, not pertaining to plastic surgery and 3DP, or focused on animal data were excluded. Results In total, 373 articles were identified. Sixteen articles satisfied all inclusion and exclusion criteria, and were further analyzed by the authors. Most studies were either retrospective cohort studies, case reports, or case series and with 1 study being prospective in design. Conclusions 3DP has consistently shown to be useful in the field of plastic surgery with improvements on multiple aspects, including the delivery of safe, effective methods of treating patients while improving patient satisfaction. Although the current technology may limit the ability of true bioprinting, research has shown safe and effective ways to incorporate biological material into the 3D printed scaffolds or implants. With an overwhelmingly positive outlook on 3DP and potential for more applications with updated technology, 3DP shall remain as an effective tool for the field of plastic surgery.
Collapse
|
24
|
Usefulness of a 3D-Printed Thyroid Cancer Phantom for Clinician to Patient Communication. World J Surg 2020; 44:788-794. [PMID: 31686159 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-019-05260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid glands and surrounding structures are very complex, and this complexity can pose a challenge for clinicians when explaining and communicating to the patient the details of a proposed surgery for thyroid cancer. A three-dimensional (3D) thyroid cancer model could help and improve this communication. METHODS A 3D-printed phantom of a thyroid gland and its presenting cancer was produced from segmented head and neck contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) data from a patient with thyroid cancer. The phantom reflects the complex anatomy of the arteries, veins, nerves, and other surrounding organs, and the printing materials and techniques were adjusted to represent the texture and color of the actual structures. Using this phantom, patients and clinicians completed surveys on the usefulness of this 3D-printed thyroid cancer phantom. PARTICIPANTS patients (n = 33) and clinicians (n = 10). RESULTS In the patient survey, the patients communicated that the quality of understanding of their thyroid disease status was enhanced when clinicians explained using the phantom. The clinicians communicated that the 3D phantom was advantageous for explaining complex thyroid surgery procedures to patients, and that the 3D phantom was helpful in educating patients with relatively poor anatomical knowledge. CONCLUSIONS Using 3D printing technology, we produced a CT-based 3D thyroid cancer phantom, and patient and clinician surveys on its utility indicated that it successfully helped educate patients, providing them with an improved understanding of the disease.
Collapse
|
25
|
Three-Dimensional Affordable Stone Models for Cleft Lip Markings: A Prospective Study of Learner Satisfaction. Ann Plast Surg 2020; 83:340-343. [PMID: 31008789 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000001813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Knowledge of surgical markings for unilateral cleft lip (UCL) repair is critical for surgical competency. However, few appropriate models are accessible to residents and affordable and accurately reproduce this 3-dimensional (3D) deformity. We propose that cleft care units have the capability of creating affordable 3D stone models to teach UCL markings. METHODS Polyvinyl siloxane and SnapStone were used to create UCL stone models. Thirteen plastic surgery residents were prospectively recruited, provided with a textbook chapter and online module for studying surgical markings for UCL repair, and then asked to perform the markings on a UCL stone model and standardized patient photograph. Learner satisfaction was evaluated using a modified survey based on the Student Evaluation of Educational Quality survey. RESULTS The production time of each model was 10 minutes, whereas the cost was $1.84. Participants reported that the stone model was more stimulating (4.77 ± 0.44 vs 3.92 ± 0.86; U = 38.0; P = 0.008), increased their interest more (4.70 ± 0.48 vs 3.53 ± 1.20; U = 33.5; P = 0.005), allowed better learning (4.61 ± 0.51 vs 3.08 ± 0.86; U = 10.0; P < 0.001), was clearer (4.62 ± 0.51 vs 3.15 ± 0.90; U = 12.5; P < 0.001), and was more effective for learning cleft lip markings (4.77 ± 0.44 vs 3.08 ± 1.04; U = 9.0; P < 0.001). They were also more likely to recommend it (4.85 ± 0.38 vs 3.15 ± 1.07; U = 7.0; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Plastic surgery residents report that 3D cleft lip stone models are superior training tools to learn cleft lip markings compared with patient photographs. These educational tools have the potential to overcome significant financial, logistic, and time constraints in teaching cleft lip surgery markings.
Collapse
|
26
|
Modeling Medical Education: The Impact of Three-Dimensional Printed Models on Medical Student Education in Plastic Surgery. J Craniofac Surg 2020; 31:1018-1021. [PMID: 32433138 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Trainee exposure to craniofacial pathology can be limited due to rare disease presentation, revealing a need for tools that assist in visualizing complex 3D pathologic anatomy. 3D-printed models show potential as a useful aid, allowing for physical manipulation and hands-on experience. This study investigates their educational value in teaching craniofacial pathology and surgical repair. METHODS Forty-four medical students randomly assigned to a control group or model group were given a PowerPoint presentation-based module on craniosynostosis and surgical repair. The model group was also provided with 3D-printed models of sagittal, metopic, and bicoronal synostosis, created using patient-specific preoperative computed tomography data. A survey using the Likert scale evaluated participants' learning experience. Pre- and postmodule scores on a 10-question multiple choice quiz were recorded. RESULTS The survey showed that students in the model group reported better understanding of the anatomy (4.86 ± 0.15 versus 4.26 ± 0.22; P = 0.0001) and visualization of the pathology (4.76 ± 0.23 versus 4.26 ± 0.25; P = 0.0064), gaining an improved understanding of surgical approach (4.38 ± 0.37 versus 3.83 ± 0.29; P = 0.0266), which was more effectively taught (4.24 ± 0.33 versus 3.30 ± 0.38; P = 0.0007) with the 3D-printed models. The mean pre- and post-module quiz scores between groups were similar. CONCLUSION 3D-printed models demonstrated an improved learning experience for medical students as shown by survey. These findings suggest a potential use for 3D-printed models in medical education of craniofacial pathology and surgery.
Collapse
|
27
|
Yuen J. What Is the Role of 3D Printing in Undergraduate Anatomy Education? A Scoping Review of Current Literature and Recommendations. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDUCATOR 2020; 30:1321-1329. [PMID: 34457795 PMCID: PMC8368521 DOI: 10.1007/s40670-020-00990-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Three-dimensional (3D)-printed models have become increasingly popular as an alternative to the traditional method of cadaveric dissection in teaching anatomy. It has the advantage of lower cost and higher reproducibility. It has been widely used in the postgraduate setting, but its efficacy in undergraduate education has not been studied extensively. OBJECTIVES A scoping review of the literature was undertaken systematically to investigate the role of 3D printing in the anatomy education of undergraduate medical students. METHODS A systematic literature search of databases (EMBASE, Pubmed, Educational Resources Information Center, British Education Index and Australian Education Index) was undertaken using relevant keywords. RESULTS The search yielded 83 results, which were narrowed down to 13 articles after application of exclusion criteria. The literature supported that 3D printing was a useful tool for studying normal, uncommon and pathological anatomy. However, limitations include low fidelity in replicating the colour and textural physical properties of soft tissues and the trade-off between cost and fidelity. CONCLUSIONS It is believed that 3D printing would increasingly be integrated into undergraduate anatomy education, and it might also potentially be used in the assessment of anatomical knowledge and clinical skills training. The establishment of an online 3D model database may facilitate educators to easily manufacture models for specific educational purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Yuen
- South West Neurosurgery Centre, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, PL6 8DH UK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chen Y, Qian C, Shen R, Wu D, Bian L, Qu H, Fan X, Liu Z, Li Y, Xia J. 3D Printing Technology Improves Medical Interns' Understanding of Anatomy of Gastrocolic Trunk. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2020; 77:1279-1284. [PMID: 32273250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Complex vascular anatomy has always been a difficult point for medical students. Gastrocolic trunk (Henle trunk) has many branches and variations, involving the venous reflux of the stomach, right colon, and pancreas. This study investigated the effects of 3 dimensional (3D) printing technology on medical interns' understanding of Henle trunk's variation, by comparing 2 dimensional (2D) images. SETTING Henle trunk modes were manufactured using 3D-CT angiography and 3D-printing technology. PARTICIPANTS Forty-seven interns from 2 medical schools (Nanjing Medical University and Medical College of Nantong University) participated in the study. DESIGN The interns were divided randomly allocated into 2 groups, where group 1 was the control group with a 2D image of Henle trunk plus surgical video (named 2D image group), and group 2 was the study group with a 3D printed model of Henle trunk plus surgical video (named 3D-printing group). Knowledge of interns on the Henle trunk was compared between 2 groups using a question test before and after the teaching intervention. RESULTS All interns had an improved overall assessment score as a result of attending the seminar, whether in the 2D image group or the 3D-printing group. The score of the 2D image group increased 32.57 ± 13.86, and the 3D-printing group increased 47.04 ± 12.99, showing significant difference (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference observed between postseminar scores between 2 medical schools (p = 0.975). There was a significant improvement in satisfaction among the 3D-printing group for education depth, novel and inspiring of teaching method, except for the interaction between teacher and interns (p = 0.215). Interns hope to have more teaching time for 3D printing, and not satisfied with the time of 3D printing teaching compared with those in the 2D image group (p = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS The 3-D printed Henle trunk model is a very effective teaching tool, which can help interns understand the anatomy of Henle trunk. The application of 3D printing technology in the teaching of interns of complex vascular anatomy is worth popularizing in teaching hospitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yigang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Chunxiang Qian
- Department of Education and Researching, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ruizhi Shen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Danping Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Linjie Bian
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Huiheng Qu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xinqi Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhequn Liu
- Harbin JunYang Technology Co., Ltd., Harbin, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Education and Researching, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Jiazeng Xia
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bous RM, Kochenour N, Valiathan M. A novel method for fabricating nasoalveolar molding appliances for infants with cleft lip and palate using 3-dimensional workflow and clear aligners. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2020; 158:452-458. [PMID: 32709578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nasoalveolar molding (NAM) was introduced over 20 years ago as adjunctive therapy for the correction of cleft lip and palate. In the current study, we propose a new approach using a digital workflow and 3-dimensional printing to fabricate clear aligner NAM devices. METHODS A polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impression of an infant with a unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) is acquired and poured, and the stone model is scanned with an intraoral scanner. The stereolithography file is digitized, and the alveolar segments are digitally segmented and moved to the desired final position. The total distance moved is divided into a sequence of 1-1.5 mm increments, creating a series of digital models. The models are 3-dimensionally printed along with button templates to allow free form positioning of the button on each model. A Vacuform machine (Taglus, Mumbai, India) was used to fabricate a 0.040-in aligner for each stage. RESULTS We present 1 case that was treated successfully with this approach. Appointments for the NAM adjustments were primarily to monitor progress and counseling with less time spent adjusting the appliance. The appointment length was reduced by over 30 minutes. Benefits of the aligner are improved fit, more precise increments of activation, reduced chairside time, and potentially minimized number of visits. CONCLUSIONS NAM custom aligners may provide similar benefits to the traditional approach while reducing the burden of care by reducing the number of visits and appointment duration. Further studies with a sample and longitudinal observations are needed to investigate the benefits of the proposed digital approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rany M Bous
- Mt Sinai-Dr Edward Reiter Fellowship Program, Craniofacial and Special Care Orthodontics, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Nicholas Kochenour
- James A. Lehman Jr. MD, Craniofacial Center, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, Ohio
| | - Manish Valiathan
- Mt Sinai-Dr Edward Reiter Fellowship Program, Craniofacial and Special Care Orthodontics, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Schlund M, Levaillant JM, Nicot R. Three-Dimensional Printing of Prenatal Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of Cleft Lip and Palate: Presenting the Needed "Know-How" and Discussing Its Use in Parental Education. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2020; 57:1041-1044. [PMID: 32462933 DOI: 10.1177/1055665620926348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parental prenatal counseling is of paramount significance since parents often experience an emotional crisis with feelings of disappointment and helplessness. Three-dimensional (3D) printed model of the unborn child's face presenting with cleft lip and palate, based on ultrasonographic information, could be used to provide visual 3D information, further enhancing the prospective parent's comprehension of their unborn child's pathology and morphology, helping them to be psychologically prepared and improving the communication with the caretaking team. Prospective parents appreciate if prenatal counseling is available with the most detailed information as well as additional resources. The technique necessary to create 3D models after ultrasonographic information is explained, and the related costs are evaluated. The use of such models in parental education is then discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schlund
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, INSERM, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, U1008-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterial, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Marc Levaillant
- Center for Woman and Fetal Imaging, Lille, France.,Hôpital Privé Armand Brillard, Groupe Ramsay Générale de Santé, Nogent-sur-Marne, France
| | - Romain Nicot
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, INSERM, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, U1008-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterial, Lille, France.,Center for Woman and Fetal Imaging, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
A Practical Cleft Palate Training Model. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2020; 8:e2657. [PMID: 32309100 PMCID: PMC7159951 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000002657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Educational models are essential for training surgeons and making them familiar with experience- and skill-dependent operations such as cleft palate closure. The development of computer and 3D printer technology has allowed cleft lip and palate models to be produced and used for surgical training. However, these technology-dependent models are not affordable and reproducible for surgeons in developing countries where cleft cases are more commonly seen. Thus, we aimed to create a cleft palate educational model prepared with play-dough and latex. The play-dough is shaped in the form of a palate and the cleft is created by scissors. Then, a latex glove is cut and applied to the dough to mimic the mucosal layer. The combination of the latex glove and play-dough lets the trainee perform surgical markings, incisions, elevation of the flaps, and layer closure. We think this easily producible model might be beneficial for demonstrating cleft types, surgical techniques, and improving surgical skills, especially in developing countries.
Collapse
|
32
|
[3D printing in orthopedic and trauma surgery education and training : Possibilities and fields of application]. Unfallchirurg 2019; 122:444-451. [PMID: 31053925 DOI: 10.1007/s00113-019-0650-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The 3D printing technology enables precise fracture models to be generated from volumetric digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) computed tomography (CT) data. Apart from patient treatment, in the future this technology could potentially play a significant role in education and training in the field of orthopedic and trauma surgery. Preliminary results show that the understanding and classification of fractures can be improved when teaching medical students. The use of life-size and haptic models of real fractures for education is particularly interesting. Even experienced surgeons show an improved classification and treatment planning with the help of 3D printed models when compared to plain CT data. Especially for complex articular fractures, such as those of the acetabulum and tibial plateau, initial evidence shows patient benefits in terms of reduced surgery time and blood loss with the help of 3D models. The use of 3D printing on-site at the hospital is of particular interest in orthopedic and trauma surgery as it promises to provide products within a short time. The low investment and running costs and the increasing availability of convenient software solutions will spur increasing dissemination of this technology in the coming years.
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang X, Xu Z, Tan L, Li Y, Liu L, Chen N, Zhang S, Lamers WH, Wu C, Wu Y. Application of three-dimensional reconstruction and printing as an elective course for undergraduate medical students: an exploratory trial. Surg Radiol Anat 2019; 41:1193-1204. [PMID: 31030233 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-019-02248-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical three-dimensional (3D) digital reconstruction and printing have become common tools in medicine, but few undergraduate medical students understand its whole process and teaching and clinical application. Therefore, we designed an elective course of 3D reconstruction and printing for students and studied its significance and practicability. METHODS Thirty undergraduate medical students in their second-year of study volunteered to participate in the course. The course started with three lessons on the theory of 3D digital reconstruction and printing in medicine. The students were then randomly divided into ten groups. Each group randomly selected its own original data set, which could contain a series of 2D images including sectional anatomical images, histological images, CT and MRI. Amira software was used to segment the structures of interest, to 3D reconstruct them and to smooth and simplify the models. These models were 3D printed and post-processed. Finally, the 3D digital and printed models were scored, and the students produced brief reports of their work and knowledge acquisition and filled out an anonymous questionnaire about their study perceptions. RESULTS All the students finished this course. The average score of the 30 students was 83.1 ± 2.7. This course stimulated the students' learning interest and satisfied them. It was helpful for undergraduate students to understand anatomical structures and their spatial relationship more deeply. Students understood the whole process of 3D reconstruction and printing and its teaching and clinical applications through this course. CONCLUSION It is significant and necessary to develop this course for undergraduate medical students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Zhang
- Institute of Digital Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Institute of Digital Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Liwen Tan
- Institute of Digital Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Digital Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Li Liu
- Institute of Digital Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Na Chen
- Institute of Digital Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shaoxiang Zhang
- Institute of Digital Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wouter H Lamers
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chunling Wu
- Institute of Digital Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Digital Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| |
Collapse
|