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Manole A, Efthymiou S, O'Connor E, Mendes MI, Jennings M, Maroofian R, Davagnanam I, Mankad K, Lopez MR, Salpietro V, Harripaul R, Badalato L, Walia J, Francklyn CS, Athanasiou-Fragkouli A, Sullivan R, Desai S, Baranano K, Zafar F, Rana N, Ilyas M, Horga A, Kara M, Mattioli F, Goldenberg A, Griffin H, Piton A, Henderson LB, Kara B, Aslanger AD, Raaphorst J, Pfundt R, Portier R, Shinawi M, Kirby A, Christensen KM, Wang L, Rosti RO, Paracha SA, Sarwar MT, Jenkins D, Ahmed J, Santoni FA, Ranza E, Iwaszkiewicz J, Cytrynbaum C, Weksberg R, Wentzensen IM, Guillen Sacoto MJ, Si Y, Telegrafi A, Andrews MV, Baldridge D, Gabriel H, Mohr J, Oehl-Jaschkowitz B, Debard S, Senger B, Fischer F, van Ravenwaaij C, Fock AJM, Stevens SJC, Bähler J, Nasar A, Mantovani JF, Manzur A, Sarkozy A, Smith DEC, Salomons GS, Ahmed ZM, Riazuddin S, Riazuddin S, Usmani MA, Seibt A, Ansar M, Antonarakis SE, Vincent JB, Ayub M, Grimmel M, Jelsig AM, Hjortshøj TD, Karstensen HG, Hummel M, Haack TB, Jamshidi Y, Distelmaier F, Horvath R, Gleeson JG, Becker H, Mandel JL, Koolen DA, Houlden H. De Novo and Bi-allelic Pathogenic Variants in NARS1 Cause Neurodevelopmental Delay Due to Toxic Gain-of-Function and Partial Loss-of-Function Effects. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 107:311-324. [PMID: 32738225 PMCID: PMC7413890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are ubiquitous, ancient enzymes that charge amino acids to cognate tRNA molecules, the essential first step of protein translation. Here, we describe 32 individuals from 21 families, presenting with microcephaly, neurodevelopmental delay, seizures, peripheral neuropathy, and ataxia, with de novo heterozygous and bi-allelic mutations in asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase (NARS1). We demonstrate a reduction in NARS1 mRNA expression as well as in NARS1 enzyme levels and activity in both individual fibroblasts and induced neural progenitor cells (iNPCs). Molecular modeling of the recessive c.1633C>T (p.Arg545Cys) variant shows weaker spatial positioning and tRNA selectivity. We conclude that de novo and bi-allelic mutations in NARS1 are a significant cause of neurodevelopmental disease, where the mechanism for de novo variants could be toxic gain-of-function and for recessive variants, partial loss-of-function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Manole
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Stephanie Efthymiou
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Emer O'Connor
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Marisa I Mendes
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, 1081 the Netherlands
| | - Matthew Jennings
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Indran Davagnanam
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Kshitij Mankad
- Department of Neuroradiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Maria Rodriguez Lopez
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London (UCL), London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Vincenzo Salpietro
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ricardo Harripaul
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Lauren Badalato
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Jagdeep Walia
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Christopher S Francklyn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Alkyoni Athanasiou-Fragkouli
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Roisin Sullivan
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Sonal Desai
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kristin Baranano
- Department of Neurology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Faisal Zafar
- Department of Pediatrics, Multan Hospital, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Nuzhat Rana
- Department of Pediatrics, Multan Hospital, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | | | - Alejandro Horga
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Majdi Kara
- Department of Pediatrics, Tripoli Children's Hospital, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Francesca Mattioli
- Institute for Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, 67404, France
| | - Alice Goldenberg
- Département de Génétique, centre de référence anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs, CHU de Rouen, Inserm U1245, UNIROUEN, Normandie Université, Centre Normand de Génomique et de Médecine Personnalisée, Rouen, 76031, France
| | - Helen Griffin
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Amelie Piton
- Institute for Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, 67404, France
| | | | | | | | - Joost Raaphorst
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1105AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ruben Portier
- Department of Neurology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, 7512KZ Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Marwan Shinawi
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Amelia Kirby
- Division of Medical Genetics, SSM Health Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Katherine M Christensen
- Division of Medical Genetics, SSM Health Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, La Jolla, CA 92130, USA
| | - Rasim O Rosti
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, La Jolla, CA 92130, USA
| | - Sohail A Paracha
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, 25100 Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad T Sarwar
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, 25100 Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Dagan Jenkins
- Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street and Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Jawad Ahmed
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, 25100 Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Federico A Santoni
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuelle Ranza
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; Medigenome, The Swiss Institute of Genomic Medicine, Geneva, CH-1207, Switzerland
| | - Justyna Iwaszkiewicz
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Molecular Modeling Group, Batiment Genopode, Unil Sorge, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Cheryl Cytrynbaum
- Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, 555 University Ave., Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Rosanna Weksberg
- Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, 555 University Ave., Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | | | | | - Yue Si
- GeneDx, 207 Perry Parkway Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | | | - Marisa V Andrews
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Dustin Baldridge
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Heinz Gabriel
- CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Julia Mohr
- CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076, Germany
| | | | - Sylvain Debard
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR 7156, Strasbourg, 67083, France
| | - Bruno Senger
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR 7156, Strasbourg, 67083, France
| | - Frédéric Fischer
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR 7156, Strasbourg, 67083, France
| | - Conny van Ravenwaaij
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, 9713, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie J M Fock
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, 9713, the Netherlands
| | - Servi J C Stevens
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, 6211, the Netherlands
| | - Jürg Bähler
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London (UCL), London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Amina Nasar
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - John F Mantovani
- Division of Child Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Adnan Manzur
- Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street and Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Anna Sarkozy
- Institute of Child Health, Guilford Street and Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Desirée E C Smith
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, 1081 the Netherlands
| | - Gajja S Salomons
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam, 1081 the Netherlands
| | - Zubair M Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shaikh Riazuddin
- Jinnah Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Allama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54550, Pakistan
| | - Saima Riazuddin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Muhammad A Usmani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Annette Seibt
- Department of General Pediatrics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Muhammad Ansar
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel Switzerland
| | - Stylianos E Antonarakis
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - John B Vincent
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Muhammad Ayub
- Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Mona Grimmel
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne Marie Jelsig
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, 2100, Denmark
| | - Tina Duelund Hjortshøj
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, 2100, Denmark
| | - Helena Gásdal Karstensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, 2100, Denmark
| | - Marybeth Hummel
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Medical Genetics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-9600, USA
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Centre for Rare Diseases, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yalda Jamshidi
- Genetics Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St George's University of London, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Felix Distelmaier
- Department of General Pediatrics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rita Horvath
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, La Jolla, CA 92130, USA
| | - Hubert Becker
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, GMGM UMR 7156, Strasbourg, 67083, France
| | - Jean-Louis Mandel
- Institute for Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology (IGBMC), University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, Illkirch, 67404, France
| | - David A Koolen
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Disorders, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
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