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Dogaru CB, Duță C, Muscurel C, Stoian I. "Alphabet" Selenoproteins: Implications in Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15344. [PMID: 37895024 PMCID: PMC10607139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenoproteins are a group of proteins containing selenium in the form of selenocysteine (Sec, U) as the 21st amino acid coded in the genetic code. Their synthesis depends on dietary selenium uptake and a common set of cofactors. Selenoproteins accomplish diverse roles in the body and cell processes by acting, for example, as antioxidants, modulators of the immune function, and detoxification agents for heavy metals, other xenobiotics, and key compounds in thyroid hormone metabolism. Although the functions of all this protein family are still unknown, several disorders in their structure, activity, or expression have been described by researchers. They concluded that selenium or cofactors deficiency, on the one hand, or the polymorphism in selenoproteins genes and synthesis, on the other hand, are involved in a large variety of pathological conditions, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular, muscular, oncological, hepatic, endocrine, immuno-inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. This review focuses on the specific roles of selenoproteins named after letters of the alphabet in medicine, which are less known than the rest, regarding their implications in the pathological processes of several prevalent diseases and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Corina Muscurel
- Department of Biochemistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania (I.S.)
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Yu Y, Wu T, Zhang X, Li P, Ye L, Kuang J, Tao L, Ni L, Zhao Q, Zhang J, Pan H, Xie C, Zheng C, Li S, Cui R. Regorafenib activates oxidative stress by inhibiting SELENOS and potentiates oxaliplatin-induced cell death in colon cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:175986. [PMID: 37598924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer, and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. At the time of diagnosis, about 20% of patients with CRC present metastatic disease. Regorafenib, an oral multi-kinase inhibitor, has been demonstrated the efficacy and tolerability in patients with metastatic CRC. Oxaliplatin is a frontline treatment regimen for CRC, and combination treatments with oxaliplatin and other chemotherapeutic agents exert superior therapeutic effects. However, side effects and drug resistance limited their further clinical application. Here, we found that combined treatment with regorafenib and oxaliplatin synergistically enhanced anti-tumor activities in CRC by activating reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 signaling pathways. Regorafenib promoted ROS production by suppressing the expression of selenoprotein S (SELENOS). Knocking down SELENOS sensitized ROS-mediated anti-tumor effects of regorafenib in CRC cells. Furthermore, mouse xenograft models demonstrated that synergistic anti-tumor effects of combined treatment with regorafenib and oxaliplatin. This study provided solid experimental evidences for the combined treatment with regorafenib and oxaliplatin in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yu
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Department of Radiotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Department of Radiotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Lihua Ye
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Jiayang Kuang
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Lu Tao
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Lianli Ni
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Huanle Pan
- Department of Radiotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Translational Research of Radiation Oncology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Congying Xie
- Department of Radiotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Translational Research of Radiation Oncology, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Chenguo Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
| | - Shaotang Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
| | - Ri Cui
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Department of Radiotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
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Gudkov SV, Gao M, Simakin AV, Baryshev AS, Pobedonostsev RV, Baimler IV, Rebezov MB, Sarimov RM, Astashev ME, Dikovskaya AO, Molkova EA, Kozlov VA, Bunkin NF, Sevostyanov MA, Kolmakov AG, Kaplan MA, Sharapov MG, Ivanov VE, Bruskov VI, Kalinichenko VP, Aiyyzhy KO, Voronov VV, Pimpha N, Li R, Shafeev GA. Laser Ablation-Generated Crystalline Selenium Nanoparticles Prevent Damage of DNA and Proteins Induced by Reactive Oxygen Species and Protect Mice against Injuries Caused by Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5164. [PMID: 37512437 PMCID: PMC10386620 DOI: 10.3390/ma16145164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
With the help of laser ablation, a technology for obtaining nanosized crystalline selenium particles (SeNPs) has been created. The SeNPs do not exhibit significant toxic properties, in contrast to molecular selenium compounds. The administration of SeNPs can significantly increase the viabilities of SH-SY5Y and PCMF cells after radiation exposure. The introduction of such nanoparticles into the animal body protects proteins and DNA from radiation-induced damage. The number of chromosomal breaks and oxidized proteins decreases in irradiated mice treated with SeNPs. Using hematological tests, it was found that a decrease in radiation-induced leukopenia and thrombocytopenia is observed when selenium nanoparticles are injected into mice before exposure to ionizing radiation. The administration of SeNPs to animals 5 h before radiation exposure in sublethal and lethal doses significantly increases their survival rate. The modification dose factor for animal survival was 1.2. It has been shown that the introduction of selenium nanoparticles significantly normalizes gene expression in the cells of the red bone marrow of mice after exposure to ionizing radiation. Thus, it has been demonstrated that SeNPs are a new gene-protective and radioprotective agent that can significantly reduce the harmful effects of ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Gudkov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Phytopathology of Russian Academy of Sciences, 143050 Big Vyazemy, Russia
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Meng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Alexander V Simakin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey S Baryshev
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman V Pobedonostsev
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya V Baimler
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maksim B Rebezov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ruslan M Sarimov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim E Astashev
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Push-chino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Institutskaya St., 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Anastasia O Dikovskaya
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A Molkova
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valery A Kozlov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya Str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay F Bunkin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2-nd Baumanskaya Str. 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Sevostyanov
- Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Phytopathology of Russian Academy of Sciences, 143050 Big Vyazemy, Russia
- A. A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science (IMET RAS) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect, 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey G Kolmakov
- A. A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science (IMET RAS) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect, 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Kaplan
- A. A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science (IMET RAS) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect, 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mars G Sharapov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Push-chino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Institutskaya St., 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Vladimir E Ivanov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St. 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Vadim I Bruskov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St. 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Valery P Kalinichenko
- Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Phytopathology of Russian Academy of Sciences, 143050 Big Vyazemy, Russia
- Institute of Fertility of Soils of South Russia, 346493 Persianovka, Russia
| | - Kuder O Aiyyzhy
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valery V Voronov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nuttaporn Pimpha
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) 111, Phahonyotin Rd, Klong Luang 12120, Thailand
| | - Ruibin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Georgy A Shafeev
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Li ZM, Wang XL, Jin XM, Huang JQ, Wang LS. The effect of selenium on antioxidant system in aquaculture animals. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1153511. [PMID: 37179840 PMCID: PMC10169727 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1153511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
There will be generated some adverse conditions in the process of acquculture farming with the continuous improvement of the intensive degree of modern aquaculture, such as crowding stress, hypoxia, and malnutrition, which will easily lead to oxidative stress. Se is an effective antioxidant, participating and playing an important role in the antioxidant defense system of fish. This paper reviews the physiological functions of selenoproteins in resisting oxidative stress in aquatic animals, the mechanisms of different forms of Se in anti-oxidative stress in aquatic animals and the harmful effects of lower and higher levels of Se in aquaculture. To summarize the application and research progress of Se in oxidative stress in aquatic animals and provide scientific references for its application in anti-oxidative stress in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Meng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pufferfish Breeding and Culture in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- College of Fisheries an Life, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamics Resources and Environments, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xiu-Li Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pufferfish Breeding and Culture in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- College of Fisheries an Life, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiao-Min Jin
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Ocean Dynamics Resources and Environments, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Pufferfish Breeding and Culture in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lian-Shun Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pufferfish Breeding and Culture in Liaoning Province, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- College of Fisheries an Life, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Rogachev VV, Goltyaev MV, Varlamova EG, Turovsky EA. Molecular Mechanisms of the Cytotoxic Effect of Recombinant Selenoprotein SELENOM on Human Glioblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076469. [PMID: 37047442 PMCID: PMC10094712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, selenobiology is an actively developing area, primarily due to the study of the role of the trace element selenium and its organic and inorganic compounds in the regulation of vital processes occurring in the cell. In particular, the study of the functions of selenium nanoparticles has gained great popularity in recent years. However, a weak point in this area of biology is the study of the functions of selenoproteins, of which 25 have been identified in mammals to date. First of all, this is due to the difficulties in obtaining native forms of selenoproteins in preparative quantities, due to the fact that the amino acid selenocysteine is encoded by one of the three stop codons of the TGA universal genetic code. A complex system for recognizing a given codon as a selenocysteine codon has a number of features in pro- and eukaryotes. The selenoprotein SELENOM is one of the least studied mammalian selenoproteins. In this work, for the first time, studies of the molecular mechanisms of regulation of the cytotoxic effect of this protein on human glioblastoma cells were carried out. The cytotoxicity of cancer cells in our experiments was already observed when cells were exposed to 50 μg of SELENOM and increased in proportion to the increase in protein concentration. Apoptosis of human glioblastoma cells was accompanied by an increase in mRNA expression of a number of pro-apoptotic genes, an increase in endoplasmic reticulum stress, and activation of the UPR IRE1α signaling pathway. The results obtained also demonstrate a dose-dependent depletion of the Ca2+ pool under the action of SELENOM, which proves the important role of this protein in the regulation of calcium homeostasis in the cell.
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Selenium: An Antioxidant with a Critical Role in Anti-Aging. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196613. [PMID: 36235150 PMCID: PMC9570904 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by an imbalance between damage inflicted by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidative defenses of the organism. As a significant nutritional factor, the trace element selenium (Se) may remodel gradual and spontaneous physiological changes caused by oxidative stress, potentially leading to disease prevention and healthy aging. Se is involved in improving antioxidant defense, immune functions, and metabolic homeostasis. An inadequate Se status may reduce human life expectancy by accelerating the aging process or increasing vulnerability to various disorders, including immunity dysfunction, and cancer risk. This review highlights the available studies on the effective role of Se in aging mechanisms and shows the potential clinical implications related to its consumption. The main sources of organic Se and the advantages of its nanoformulations were also discussed.
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Varlamova EG, Goltyaev MV, Turovsky EA. The Role of Selenoproteins SELENOM and SELENOT in the Regulation of Apoptosis, ER Stress, and Calcium Homeostasis in the A-172 Human Glioblastoma Cell Line. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060811. [PMID: 35741332 PMCID: PMC9220170 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary In this work, we present for the first time the effects of the suppression of the activity of poorly studied selenoproteins SELENOM and SELENOT in human glioblastoma cells, which is extremely important for understanding the functions of these proteins in brain cells. It has been shown that despite the structural similarity of these proteins, they affect the viability of these cancer cells in different ways, affecting various molecular mechanisms of regulation of pro-apoptotic genes, ER stress markers, and their physiological partners, as well as the regulation of cytosolic calcium. Abstract It is known that seven mammalian selenoproteins are localized in the endoplasmic reticulum: SELENOM, SELENOT, SELENOF, SELENOK, SELENOS, SELENON, and DIO2. Among them, SELENOM and SELENOT are the least studied; therefore, the study of their function using the widespread method of suppressing the expression of genes encoding these proteins and the activity of the enzymes themselves by RNA interference is of great interest. We have shown that a decrease in the expression of SELENOM and SELENOT mRNA in the A-172 human glioblastoma cell line by more than 10 times and the quantitative content of enzymes by more than 3 times leads to ER stress, expressed as a decrease in the ER capacity for storing Ca2+ ions. At the level of regulation of apoptotic processes, SELENOM knockdown leads to an increase in the expression of pro-apoptotic CHOP, GADD34, PUMA, and BIM genes, but a compensatory increase in the levels of SELENOT and antioxidant genes from the group of glutathione peroxidases and thioredoxins did not induce cell death. Knockdown of SELENOT had the opposite effect, reducing the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and regulating the level of a smaller number of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, which also did not affect the baseline level of apoptosis in the studied cells. At the same time, ER stress induced by MSA or SeNPs induced a more pronounced pro-apoptotic effect in SELENOT knockdown cells through suppression of the expression of selenium-containing antioxidant proteins. Thus, in this work, for the first time, the mechanisms of fine regulation of the processes of apoptosis, cell proliferation, and ER stress by two ER resident proteins, SELENOM and SELENOT, are touched upon, which is not only fundamental but also applied to clinical importance due to the close relationship between the calcium signaling system of cells, folding proteins-regulators of apoptosis and cell survival pathways.
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The Role and Mechanism of Essential Selenoproteins for Homeostasis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050973. [PMID: 35624837 PMCID: PMC9138076 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is one of the essential trace elements that plays a biological role in the body, mainly in the form of selenoproteins. Selenoproteins can be involved in the regulation of oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, antioxidant defense, immune and inflammatory responses and other biological processes, including antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, the regulation of immune response and other functions. Over-loading or lack of Se causes certain damage to the body. Se deficiency can reduce the expression and activity of selenoproteins, disrupt the normal physiological function of cells and affect the body in antioxidant, immunity, toxin antagonism, signaling pathways and other aspects, thus causing different degrees of damage to the body. Se intake is mainly in the form of dietary supplements. Due to the important role of Se, people pay increasingly more attention to Se-enriched foods, which also lays a foundation for better research on the mechanism of selenoproteins in the future. In this paper, the synthesis and mechanism of selenoproteins, as well as the role and mechanism of selenoproteins in the regulation of diseases, are reviewed. Meanwhile, the future development of Se-enriched products is prospected, which is of great significance to further understand the role of Se.
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Mal’tseva VN, Goltyaev MV, Novoselov SV, Varlamova EG. Effects of Sodium Selenite and Dithiothreitol on Expression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Selenoproteins and Apoptosis Markers in MSF7 Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells. Mol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893322010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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An Integrated In Silico, In Vitro and Tumor Tissues Study Identified Selenoprotein S (SELENOS) and Valosin-Containing Protein (VCP/p97) as Novel Potential Associated Prognostic Biomarkers in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030646. [PMID: 35158912 PMCID: PMC8833666 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a clinical challenge because its early relapse, poor overall survival and lack of effective treatments. Altered levels selenoproteins have been correlated with development and progression of some cancers, however, no consistent data are available about their involvement in TNBC. Here we analyzed the expression profile of all twenty-five human selenoproteins in TNBC cells and tissues by a systematic approach, integrating in silico and wet lab approaches. We showed that the expression profiles of five selenoproteins are specifically dysregulated in TNBC. Most importantly, by a bioinformatics analysis, we selected selenoprotein S and its interacting protein valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97) as inter-related with the others and whose coordinated over-expression is associated with poor prognosis in TNBC. Overall, we highlighted two mechanistically related novel proteins whose correlated expression could be exploited for a better definition of prognosis as well as suggested as novel therapeutic target in TNBC. Abstract Background. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous group of tumors with early relapse, poor overall survival, and lack of effective treatments. Hence, new prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets are needed. Methods. The expression profile of all twenty-five human selenoproteins was analyzed in TNBC by a systematic approach.In silicoanalysis was performed on publicly available mRNA expression datasets (Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, CCLE and Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures, LINCS). Reverse transcription quantitative PCR analysis evaluated selenoprotein mRNA expression in TNBC versus non-TNBC and normal breast cells, and in TNBC tissues versus normal counterparts. Immunohistochemistry was employed to study selenoproteins in TNBC tissues. STRING and Cytoscape tools were used for functional and network analysis. Results.GPX1, GPX4, SELENOS, TXNRD1 and TXNRD3 were specifically overexpressed in TNBC cells, tissues and CCLE/LINCS datasets. Network analysis demonstrated that SELENOS-binding valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97) played a critical hub role in the TNBCselenoproteins sub-network, being directly associated with SELENOS expression. The combined overexpression of SELENOS and VCP/p97 correlated with advanced stages and poor prognosis in TNBC tissues and the TCGA dataset. Conclusion. Combined evaluation of SELENOS and VCP/p97 might represent a novel potential prognostic signature and a therapeutic target to be exploited in TNBC.
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Varlamova EG, Turovsky EA, Blinova EV. Therapeutic Potential and Main Methods of Obtaining Selenium Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910808. [PMID: 34639150 PMCID: PMC8509153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents the latest data on the importance of selenium nanoparticles in human health, their use in medicine, and the main known methods of their production by various methods. In recent years, a multifaceted study of nanoscale complexes in medicine, including selenium nanoparticles, has become very important in view of a number of positive features that make it possible to create new drugs based on them or significantly improve the properties of existing drugs. It is known that selenium is an essential trace element that is part of key antioxidant enzymes. In mammals, there are 25 selenoproteins, in which selenium is a key component of the active site. The important role of selenium in human health has been repeatedly proven by several hundred works in the past few decades; in recent years, the study of selenium nanocomplexes has become the focus of researchers. A large amount of accumulated data requires generalization and systematization in order to improve understanding of the key mechanisms and prospects for the use of selenium nanoparticles in medicine, which is the purpose of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena G. Varlamova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Correspondence: (E.G.V.); (E.A.T.)
| | - Egor A. Turovsky
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Correspondence: (E.G.V.); (E.A.T.)
| | - Ekaterina V. Blinova
- Department of Clinical Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Department of Pharmacological Technology and Pharmacology, Sechenov University, 8/1 Trubetzkaya Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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Turovsky EA, Varlamova EG. Mechanism of Ca 2+-Dependent Pro-Apoptotic Action of Selenium Nanoparticles, Mediated by Activation of Cx43 Hemichannels. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10080743. [PMID: 34439975 PMCID: PMC8389560 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To date, there are practically no data on the mechanisms of the selenium nanoparticles action on calcium homeostasis, intracellular signaling in cancer cells, and on the relationship of signaling pathways activated by an increase in Ca2+ in the cytosol with the induction of apoptosis, which is of great importance. The study of these mechanisms is important for understanding the cytotoxic effect of selenium nanoparticles and the role of this microelement in the regulation of carcinogenesis. The work is devoted to the study of the role of selenium nanoparticles obtained by laser ablation in the activation of the calcium signaling system and the induction of apoptosis in human glioblastoma cells (A-172 cell line). In this work, it was shown for the first time that the generation of Ca2+ signals in A-172 cells occurs in response to the application of various concentrations of selenium nanoparticles. The intracellular mechanism responsible for the generation of these Ca2+ signals has also been established. It was found that nanoparticles promote the mobilization of Ca2+ ions from the endoplasmic reticulum through the IP3-receptor. This leads to the activation of vesicular release of ATP through connexin hemichannels (Cx43) and paracrine cell activation through purinergic receptors (mainly P2Y). In addition, it was shown that the activation of this signaling pathway is accompanied by an increase in the expression of pro-apoptotic genes and the induction of apoptosis. For the first time, the role of Cx43 in the regulation of apoptosis caused by selenium nanoparticles in glioblastoma cells has been shown. It was found that inhibition of Cx43 leads to a significant suppression of the induction of apoptosis in these cells after 24 h treatment of cells with selenium nanoparticles at a concentration of 5 µg/mL.
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Li S, Zhao Q, Zhang K, Sun W, Li J, Guo X, Yin J, Zhang J, Tang C. Selenium Deficiency-Induced Pancreatic Pathology Is Associated with Oxidative Stress and Energy Metabolism Disequilibrium. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:154-165. [PMID: 32314143 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02140-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient that plays a crucial role in development and physiological processes. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Se deficiency on pancreatic pathology and the potential mechanism in pigs. Twenty-four castrated male Yorkshire pigs were divided into two groups and fed a Se-deficient diet (0.007 mg Se/kg) or a Se-adequate diet (0.3 mg Se/kg) for 16 weeks. The serum concentrations of insulin and glucagon, Se concentration, histologic characteristics, apoptotic status, antioxidant activity, free radical content, and major metabolite concentrations were analyzed. The results showed that Se deficiency reduced the concentrations of insulin and glucagon in the serum and of Se in pancreas, decreased the number of islets and cells in the local islets, and induced pancreatic apoptosis. Se deficiency caused a redox imbalance, which led to an increase in the content of free radicals and decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Of 147 targeted metabolites judged to be present in pancreas, only hypotaurine and D-glucuronic acid had differential concentrations with the false discovery rate < 0.05. Pathway analysis using metabolites with differential expression (unadjusted P < 0.05, fold change > 1.4 or < 0.67) found that 8 glycolytic metabolites were significantly increased by Se-deficient, whereas most of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and pentose phosphate pathway metabolites were not significantly changed. Our studies indicated that Se deficiency-induced pancreatic pathology was associated with oxidative stress and enhanced activity of glycolysis, which may provide gaining insight into the actions of Se as a diabetogenic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenjuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jingdong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chaohua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Integrated Analysis to Study the Relationship between Tumor-Associated Selenoproteins: Focus on Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186694. [PMID: 32933107 PMCID: PMC7555134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenoproteins are proteins that contain selenium within selenocysteine residues. To date, twenty-five mammalian selenoproteins have been identified; however, the functions of nearly half of these selenoproteins are unknown. Although alterations in selenoprotein expression and function have been suggested to play a role in cancer development and progression, few detailed studies have been carried out in this field. Network analyses and data mining of publicly available datasets on gene expression levels in different cancers, and the correlations with patient outcome, represent important tools to study the correlation between selenoproteins and other proteins present in the human interactome, and to determine whether altered selenoprotein expression is cancer type-specific, and/or correlated with cancer patient prognosis. Therefore, in the present study, we used bioinformatics approaches to (i) build up the network of interactions between twenty-five selenoproteins and identify the most inter-correlated proteins/genes, which are named HUB nodes; and (ii) analyze the correlation between selenoprotein gene expression and patient outcome in ten solid tumors. Then, considering the need to confirm by experimental approaches the correlations suggested by the bioinformatics analyses, we decided to evaluate the gene expression levels of the twenty-five selenoproteins and six HUB nodes in androgen receptor-positive (22RV1 and LNCaP) and androgen receptor-negative (DU145 and PC3) cell lines, compared to human nontransformed, and differentiated, prostate epithelial cells (EPN) by RT-qPCR analysis. This analysis confirmed that the combined evaluation of some selenoproteins and HUB nodes could have prognostic value and may improve patient outcome predictions.
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Varlamova EG, Zaripov OG. Beta-lactoglobulin-nutrition allergen and nanotransporter of different nature ligands therapy with therapeutic action. Res Vet Sci 2020; 133:17-25. [PMID: 32919234 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
β-lactoglobulin is one of the nutrition allergens present in the milk of many mammals, with the exception of human. This protein belongs to the family of lipocalins, consisting of nine antiparallel β-strands (β-A to β-I) and one α-helix. This structure allows it to serve as a nanotransporter of various nature ligands in a pH dependent manner, which allows us to confidently consider it as a reliable carrier of drugs directly into the intestine, bypassing the destructive acidic environment of the stomach. Based on the latest data, this review describes the currently known methods of reducing the allergenicity of beta-lactoglobulin, as well as the mechanisms and methods of forming complexes of this protein with ligands, which emphasizes its importance and versatility and explains the growing interest in studying its properties in recent decades, and also opens up prospects for its practical application in medicine and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Varlamova
- Federal State Institution of Science Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st. 3, 142290, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.
| | - O G Zaripov
- Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L.K. Ernst, Dubrovitsy village, house 60, 142132, Moscow region, Podolsky city district, Russia
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Varlamova EG, Maltseva VN. Micronutrient Selenium: Uniqueness and Vital Functions. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350919040213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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