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Djekoune L, Maaliou A, Salem Z, Ziani D, Kamel R, Ouakouak A, Baigenzhenov O, Bokov DO, Ivanets A, Hosseini-Bandegharaei A. Phosphate adsorption on dried alum sludge: Modeling and application to treatment of dairy effluents. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118976. [PMID: 38705451 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluates Alum sludge from drinking water treatment plants for the efficient and cost-effective removal of phosphates from aqueous solutions. Extensive characterization and batch experiments have established that optimal phosphate removal was achieved with a sludge dosage of 20 g L-1 (at an initial phosphate concentration of 100 mg L-1), a pH of 5, a temperature of 23 °C, and a stirring speed of 200 rpm. These conditions significantly reduced phosphate levels, ensuring compliance with legal discharge limits. The Langmuir isotherm, pseudo-second-order kinetic and intraparticle diffusion models best described the adsorption process, highlighting the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the phenomenon. The sludge effectively reduced phosphate concentrations to acceptable levels when applied to dairy effluents. This study underscores the potential of Alum sludge as a viable solution for phosphate management in environmental cleanup efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Djekoune
- Faculty of Mechanical and Process Engineering, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Laboratory of Sciences and Industrial Process Ingeneering, PB 32 El-Alia, Bab - Ezzouar, 16311, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Aziz Maaliou
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, LEGHYD Laboratory, PB 32 El-Alia, Bab - Ezzouar, 16311, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Zineb Salem
- Faculty of Mechanical and Process Engineering, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Laboratory of Sciences and Industrial Process Ingeneering, PB 32 El-Alia, Bab - Ezzouar, 16311, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Dalila Ziani
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, LEGHYD Laboratory, PB 32 El-Alia, Bab - Ezzouar, 16311, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Raouf Kamel
- Faculty of Mechanical and Process Engineering, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Laboratory of Sciences and Industrial Process Ingeneering, PB 32 El-Alia, Bab - Ezzouar, 16311, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Abdelkader Ouakouak
- Hydraulic and Civil Engineering Department, University of El Oued, POBox 789, El Oued, 39000, Algeria
| | | | - Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy Named After A.P. Nelyubin, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei Ivanets
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 9/1, Surganova st., 220072, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Ahmad Hosseini-Bandegharaei
- Faculty of Chemistry, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran; Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India.
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Mushtaq S, Jamil F, Hussain M, Inayat A, Majeed K, Akhter P, Khurram MS, Shanableh A, Kim YM, Park YK. Utilizing sludge-based activated carbon for targeted leachate mitigation in wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 249:118326. [PMID: 38325784 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Activated carbon (AC) based adsorbents derived from waste sludge were utilized to remediate mixed contaminants in wastewater as an integrated waste-to-resource approach promoting a paradigm shift in management of refuse sludge and wastewater. This review specifically focuses on the remediation of constituents of landfill leachate by sludge-based activated carbon (SBAC). The adsorption effectiveness of SBAC for the exclusion of leachate characters including heavy metals, phenols, dyes, phosphates, and phosphorus were explored with regard to modifiers such as pH, temperature, properties of the adsorbent including functional groups, initial doses of absorbent and adsorbate, and duration of exposure to note the impact of each parameter on the efficiency of adsorption of the sludge adsorbent. Through the works of various researchers, it was noted that the properties of the adsorbent, pH and temperature impact the working of SBACs. The pH of the adsorbent by influencing the functional groups. Temperature was expected to have a paramount effect on the adsorption efficiency of the SBACs. The importance of the regeneration and recycling of the adsorbents as well as their leachability is highlighted. Sludge based activated carbon is recommended as a timely, resource-efficient, and sustainable approach for the remediation of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mushtaq
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farrukh Jamil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan; Biomass and Bioenergy Research Group, Sustainable Energy and Power System Research Centre, Research Institute for Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Murid Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Abrar Inayat
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Group, Sustainable Energy and Power System Research Centre, Research Institute for Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaliq Majeed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, 1-km Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahzad Khurram
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdallah Shanableh
- Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Young Mo Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Schubert M, Lin M, Clark JF, Kralik M, Damatto S, Copia L, Terzer-Wassmuth S, Harjung A. Short-lived natural radionuclides as tracers in hydrogeological studies - A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 920:170800. [PMID: 38342445 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Fundamental approaches to the study of groundwater rely on investigating the spatial and temporal distribution of stable and radioactive isotopes and other anthropogenic compounds in natural waterbodies. The most often used tracers for estimating groundwater flow paths and residence times, groundwater/surface water interaction as well as tracing chemical (contamination) sources include stable isotopes of water (δ 18O and δ 2H), radiocarbon (14C; t1/2 = 5730 a), tritium (3H; t1/2 = 12.43 a) as well as unreactive fluorine-containing gases (e.g., chlorofluorocarbons CCl3F or CFC-11; CCl2F3 or CFC-12; C2Cl3F3 or CFC-113; and SF6). While gas tracers are usually referred to as transient tracers and are appropriate for investigating modern flow systems, the isotopic tracers are often used to investigated paleo or regional flow systems. Stable isotopes of water can also be used to investigate groundwater/surface water interactions. Another, thus far been less frequently used group of groundwater tracers, are cosmo- and geo- genic short-lived radioisotopes. These isotopes are uniquely suited for studying a wide range of groundwater problems that have short time scales including high aquifer vulnerability to quantitative and qualitative impacts and groundwater discharge to surface waters. Here, we discuss and compare the applications of radio‑sulphur (35S; half-life t1/2 = 87 d), radio‑beryllium (7Be; t1/2 = 53 d), radio‑phosphorus (32/33P; combined t1/2 = 33 d), natural tritium (3H; t1/2 = 12.43 a), radon (222Rn; t1/2 = 3.8 d) and short-lived radium (224/223Ra; combined t1/2 = 5.2 d). The paper discusses the principles of the individual tracer methods, focusing on the isotopes' input functions or values, on sampling techniques, and on methods of analyses. Case studies that applied a combined use of the tracers are referred to for readers who wish to learn more about the application of the so far underused cosmo- and geo- genic radioisotopes as aquatic tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schubert
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ, Department Catchment Hydrology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Mang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry and CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jordan F Clark
- Department of Earth Science, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Martin Kralik
- Department Umweltgeowissenchaften, Division of Environmental Geosciences (EDGE) Center for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, UZA II, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - Sandra Damatto
- Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242 Cidade Universitaria, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lorenzo Copia
- International Atomic Energy Agency, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Division of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Isotope Hydrology Section, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Terzer-Wassmuth
- International Atomic Energy Agency, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Division of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Isotope Hydrology Section, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Harjung
- International Atomic Energy Agency, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Division of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Isotope Hydrology Section, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
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Dias R, Sousa D, Bernardo M, Matos I, Fonseca I, Vale Cardoso V, Neves Carneiro R, Silva S, Fontes P, Daam MA, Maurício R. Study of the Potential of Water Treatment Sludges in the Removal of Emerging Pollutants. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26041010. [PMID: 33672924 PMCID: PMC7918913 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Presently, water quantity and quality problems persist both in developed and developing countries, and concerns have been raised about the presence of emerging pollutants (EPs) in water. The circular economy provides ways of achieving sustainable resource management that can be implemented in the water sector, such as the reuse of drinking water treatment sludges (WTSs). This study evaluated the potential of WTS containing a high concentration of activated carbon for the removal of two EPs: the steroid hormones 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2). To this end, WTSs from two Portuguese water treatment plants (WTPs) were characterised and tested for their hormone adsorbance potential. Both WTSs showed a promising adsorption potential for the two hormones studied due to their textural and chemical properties. For WTS1, the final concentration for both hormones was lower than the limit of quantification (LOQ). As for WTS2, the results for E2 removal were similar to WTS1, although for EE2, the removal efficiency was lower (around 50%). The overall results indicate that this method may lead to new ways of using this erstwhile residue as a possible adsorbent material for the removal of several EPs present in wastewaters or other matrixes, and as such contributing to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Dias
- CENSE—Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (D.S.); (M.A.D.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Diogo Sousa
- CENSE—Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (D.S.); (M.A.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Maria Bernardo
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (M.B.); (I.M.); (I.F.)
| | - Inês Matos
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (M.B.); (I.M.); (I.F.)
| | - Isabel Fonseca
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (M.B.); (I.M.); (I.F.)
| | - Vitor Vale Cardoso
- EPAL—Empresa Pública de Águas Lives S.A., AdP—Grupo Águas de Portugal, 31700-421 Lisboa, Portugal; (V.V.C.); (R.N.C.); (S.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Rui Neves Carneiro
- EPAL—Empresa Pública de Águas Lives S.A., AdP—Grupo Águas de Portugal, 31700-421 Lisboa, Portugal; (V.V.C.); (R.N.C.); (S.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Sofia Silva
- EPAL—Empresa Pública de Águas Lives S.A., AdP—Grupo Águas de Portugal, 31700-421 Lisboa, Portugal; (V.V.C.); (R.N.C.); (S.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Pedro Fontes
- EPAL—Empresa Pública de Águas Lives S.A., AdP—Grupo Águas de Portugal, 31700-421 Lisboa, Portugal; (V.V.C.); (R.N.C.); (S.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Michiel A. Daam
- CENSE—Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (D.S.); (M.A.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Rita Maurício
- CENSE—Center for Environmental and Sustainability Research, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (D.S.); (M.A.D.); (R.M.)
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5
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Shih YJ, Abarca RRM, de Luna MDG, Huang YH, Lu MC. Recovery of phosphorus from synthetic wastewaters by struvite crystallization in a fluidized-bed reactor: Effects of pH, phosphate concentration and coexisting ions. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 173:466-473. [PMID: 28135681 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The crystallization of struvite in fluidized-bed crystallizer (FBC) was performed to treat synthetic wastewaters that contain phosphorous. Under optimal conditions (pH 9.5, molar ratio Mg/N/P = 1.3/4/1, struvite seed dose (53-297 μm) = 30 g L-1, total flow rate = 12 ml min-1, reflux = 120 ml min-1), the removal of phosphate (PR) and the crystallization ratio (CR) were 95.8% and 93.5%, respectively. Based on a thermodynamic prediction, the supersaturation, which was obtained from the difference between the theoretical solubility and phosphate concentration, predominated the crystallization efficiency and the properties of the struvite pellets, such as their morphology, particle size and apparent density. Coexisting ions NO3- (80, 160 ppm), CH2COOH- (260, 520 ppm), F- (650, 1300 ppm) and SO42- (650, 1300 ppm), were utilized to prepare P-containing wastewaters. Of these ions, SO42- (1300 ppm) remarkably reduced the capability of FBC to remove phosphate from solution. In the presence of NO3- and CH3COO- (for synthesizing TFT-LCD wastewater), and F- and SO42- (for synthesizing semiconductor wastewater), CR% was lower than in pure water, although the ultimate PR% did not differ significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Shih
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, 70101 Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Ralf Ruffel M Abarca
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Philippines, 1101, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Mark Daniel G de Luna
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Philippines, 1101, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Yao-Hui Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Road, 70101 Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chun Lu
- Department of Environmental Resources Management, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, No.60, Sec. 1, Erren Rd., Rende Dist., 71710 Tainan, Taiwan.
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Devi P, Saroha AK. Utilization of sludge based adsorbents for the removal of various pollutants: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 578:16-33. [PMID: 27838056 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Sludge based adsorbents are widely used for the removal of various pollutants from water and wastewater systems and the available data is much diversified. The purpose of this review is to organize and critically review the scattered available information on the potential of use of sludge based adsorbents for the removal of various pollutants. It was observed that performance of the sludge based adsorbents varies depending on the type of pollutants, type of precursor sludge, carbonization time-temperature profile and the type of activation conditions used. The variation in pyrolysis and activation conditions found to directly affect the adsorbent properties, adsorption capacity and the mechanism of pollutant removal by sludge based adsorbents. The interaction mechanisms of pollutants with adsorbent surface found to have a detrimental effect on desorption and regeneration of the adsorbents and its recycling potential. Therefore, desorption and regeneration technique used for recycle of the adsorbents is also discussed in detail. Moreover, life cycle and cost analysis of sludge based adsorbents is assessed to ensure the cost effectiveness of their application in water treatment operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmila Devi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| | - Anil K Saroha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
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7
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Priambodo R, Shih YJ, Huang YH. Phosphorus recovery as ferrous phosphate (vivianite) from wastewater produced in manufacture of thin film transistor-liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCD) by a fluidized bed crystallizer (FBC). RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06308c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this investigation, fluidized bed crystallization (FBC) is utilized to treat phosphorus wastewater that is produced by the manufacture of thin film transistor-liquid crystal displays (TFT-LCD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricky Priambodo
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701
- Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Shih
- Institute of Environmental Engineering
- National Sun Yat-sen University
- Kaohsiung 804
- Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hui Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Cheng Kung University
- Tainan 701
- Taiwan
- Sustainable Environment Research Center
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Wang YY, Lu HH, Liu YX, Yang SM. Removal of phosphate from aqueous solution by SiO2–biochar nanocomposites prepared by pyrolysis of vermiculite treated algal biomass. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15532d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work describes the fabrication of SiO2–biochar nanocomposites by pyrolysis of vermiculite treated algal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Wang
- Institute of Environment
- Resource, Soil, and Fertilizer
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Hao-Hao Lu
- Institute of Environment
- Resource, Soil, and Fertilizer
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yu-Xue Liu
- Institute of Environment
- Resource, Soil, and Fertilizer
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Mao Yang
- Institute of Environment
- Resource, Soil, and Fertilizer
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
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Bajda T, Szala B, Solecka U. Removal of lead and phosphate ions from aqueous solutions by organo-smectite. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 36:2872-2883. [PMID: 25978583 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1051135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Smectite has been modified using hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide in an amount of double cationic exchange capacity. This alteration makes it possible to use organo-smectite as a sorbent to remove anionic forms. The experiment consisted of the interchangeable sorption of phosphate(V) and lead(II) by organo-smectite. Research was carried out with varying pH (2-5) and various concentrations (0.1-5 mmol/L). Organo-smectite with previously adsorbed lead ions removed more phosphate than the untreated organo-smectite. Experimental data show that lead is more likely to absorb on the organo-smectite than on the organo-smectite with previously adsorbed phosphate ions. It follows that the most effective use of the organo-smectite is through the sorption of first - Pb cations and then PO4 anions. With an increasing concentration of Pb(II) or P(V), the sorption efficiency increases. The maximum sorption efficiency of lead and phosphate ions is observed at pH 5. This enables the removal of harmful lead and phosphorus compounds from waste water and immobilizes them on the sorbent's surface. The alternating reactions of lead and phosphorus ions result in the crystallization of brompyromorphite Pb5(PO4)3Br.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Bajda
- a Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environment Protection, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry , AGH University of Science and Technology , al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow , Poland
| | - Barbara Szala
- a Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environment Protection, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry , AGH University of Science and Technology , al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow , Poland
| | - Urszula Solecka
- a Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environment Protection, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry , AGH University of Science and Technology , al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow , Poland
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10
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Effective utilization of a sponge iron industry by-product for phosphate removal from aqueous solution: A statistical and kinetic modelling approach. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Removal of phosphate from etching wastewater by calcined alkaline residue: Batch and column studies. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2013.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Yan Y, Sun X, Ma F, Li J, Shen J, Han W, Liu X, Wang L. Removal of phosphate from wastewater using alkaline residue. J Environ Sci (China) 2014; 26:970-980. [PMID: 25079627 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(13)60537-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline residue (AR) was found to be an efficient adsorbent for phosphate removal from wastewater. The kinetic and equilibrium of phosphate removal were investigated to evaluate the performance of modified alkaline residue. After treatment by NaOH (AR-NaOH), removal performance was significantly improved, while removal performance was almost completely lost after treatment by HCl (AR-HCl). The kinetics of the removal process by all adsorbents was well characterized by the pseudo second-order model. The Langmuir model exhibited the best correlation for AR-HCl, while AR was effectively described by Freundlich model. Both models were well fitted to AR-NaOH. The maximum adsorption capacities calculated from Langmuir equation were in following manner: AR-NaOH > AR > AR-HCl. Phosphate removal by alkaline residue was pH dependent process. Mechanisms for phosphate removal mainly involved adsorption and precipitation, varied with equilibrium pH of solution. For AR-HCl, the acid equilibrium pH (< 6.0) was unfavorable for the formation of Ca-P precipitate, with adsorption as the key mechanism for phosphate removal. In contrast, for AR and AR-NaOH, precipitation was the dominant mechanism for phosphate removal, due to the incrase on pH (> 8.0) after phosphate removal. The results of both XRD and SEM analysis confirmed CaHPO4·2H2O formation after phosphate removal by AR and AR-NaOH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xiuyun Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Fangbian Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jinyou Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Weiqing Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Lianjun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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