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Mushtaq S, Jamil F, Hussain M, Inayat A, Majeed K, Akhter P, Khurram MS, Shanableh A, Kim YM, Park YK. Utilizing sludge-based activated carbon for targeted leachate mitigation in wastewater treatment. Environ Res 2024; 249:118326. [PMID: 38325784 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Activated carbon (AC) based adsorbents derived from waste sludge were utilized to remediate mixed contaminants in wastewater as an integrated waste-to-resource approach promoting a paradigm shift in management of refuse sludge and wastewater. This review specifically focuses on the remediation of constituents of landfill leachate by sludge-based activated carbon (SBAC). The adsorption effectiveness of SBAC for the exclusion of leachate characters including heavy metals, phenols, dyes, phosphates, and phosphorus were explored with regard to modifiers such as pH, temperature, properties of the adsorbent including functional groups, initial doses of absorbent and adsorbate, and duration of exposure to note the impact of each parameter on the efficiency of adsorption of the sludge adsorbent. Through the works of various researchers, it was noted that the properties of the adsorbent, pH and temperature impact the working of SBACs. The pH of the adsorbent by influencing the functional groups. Temperature was expected to have a paramount effect on the adsorption efficiency of the SBACs. The importance of the regeneration and recycling of the adsorbents as well as their leachability is highlighted. Sludge based activated carbon is recommended as a timely, resource-efficient, and sustainable approach for the remediation of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mushtaq
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farrukh Jamil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan; Biomass and Bioenergy Research Group, Sustainable Energy and Power System Research Centre, Research Institute for Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Murid Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Abrar Inayat
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Group, Sustainable Energy and Power System Research Centre, Research Institute for Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaliq Majeed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, 1-km Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahzad Khurram
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdallah Shanableh
- Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Young Mo Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Rashid R, Shafiq I, Gilani MRHS, Maaz M, Akhter P, Hussain M, Jeong KE, Kwon EE, Bae S, Park YK. Advancements in TiO 2-based photocatalysis for environmental remediation: Strategies for enhancing visible-light-driven activity. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140703. [PMID: 37992908 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Researchers have focused on efficient techniques for degrading hazardous organic pollutants due to their negative impacts on ecological systems, necessitating immediate remediation. Specifically, TiO2-based photocatalysts, a wide-bandgap semiconductor material, have been extensively studied for their application in environmental remediation. However, the extensive band gap energy and speedy reattachment of electron (e-) and hole (h+) pairs in bare TiO2 are considered major disadvantages for photocatalysis. This review extensively focuses on the combination of semiconducting photocatalysts for commercial outcomes to develop efficient heterojunctions with high photocatalytic activity by minimizing the e-/h+ recombination rate. The improved activity of these heterojunctions is due to their greater surface area, rich active sites, narrow band gap, and high light-harvesting tendency. In this context, strategies for increasing visible light activity, including doping with metals and non-metals, surface modifications, morphology control, composite formation, heterojunction formation, bandgap engineering, surface plasmon resonance, and optimizing reaction conditions are discussed. Furthermore, this review critically assesses the latest developments in TiO2 photocatalysts for the efficient decomposition of various organic contaminants from wastewater, such as pharmaceutical waste, dyes, pesticides, aromatic hydrocarbons, and halo compounds. This review implies that doping is an effective, economical, and simple process for TiO2 nanostructures and that a heterogeneous photocatalytic mechanism is an eco-friendly substitute for the removal of various pollutants. This review provides valuable insights for researchers involved in the development of efficient photocatalysts for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhma Rashid
- Institute of Chemical Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Iqrash Shafiq
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Maaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, 1-km Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Murid Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Kwang-Eun Jeong
- Chemical & Process Technology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), P.O. Box 107, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Earth Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Bae
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
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Akhter P, Shafiq I, Ali F, Hassan F, Rehman R, Shezad N, Ahmed A, Jamil F, Hussain M, Park YK. Montmorillonite-Supported BiVO4 nanocomposite: Synthesis, interface characteristics and enhanced photocatalytic activity for Dye-contaminated wastewater. J IND ENG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2023.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
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Mahboob I, Shafique S, Shafiq I, Akhter P, Belousov AS, Show PL, Park YK, Hussain M. Mesoporous LaVO 4/MCM-48 nanocomposite with visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of phenol in wastewater. Environ Res 2023; 218:114983. [PMID: 36462696 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dearomatization through photocatalytic oxidation is a swiftly rising phenolic compounds removal technology that works at trifling operations requirements with a special emphasis on the generation of nontoxic products. The study aims to develop a LaVO4/MCM-48 nanocomposite that was prepared via a hydrothermally approach assisting the employment of an MCM-48 matrix, which was then utilized for phenol degradation processes. Various techniques including UV-Vis DRS, FTIR, PL, Raman, TEM, and BET analyses are employed to characterize the developed photocatalyst. The developed photocatalyst presented remarkable characteristics, especially increased light photon utilization, and reduced recombination rate leading to enhanced visible-light-driven photodegradation performance owing to the improved specific surface area, specific porosities, and <2 eV narrow energy bandgap. The LaVO4/MCM-48 nanocomposite was experienced on aqueous phenol solution having 20 mg/L concentration under visible-light exposure, demonstrating exceptional performance in photodegradation up to 99.28%, comparatively higher than pure LaVO4. The conducted kinetic measurements revealed good accordance with pseudo first-order. A possible reaction mechanism for photocatalytic degradation was also predicted. The as-synthesized LaVO4/MCM-48 nanocomposite presented excellent stability and recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Mahboob
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sumeer Shafique
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Iqrash Shafiq
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan; Refinery Division, Pak-Arab Refinery Limited "Company" (PARCO), Corporate Headquarters, Korangi Creek Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, 1-km Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Artem S Belousov
- Research Institute for Chemistry, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Pau-Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Semenyih, 43500, Malaysia
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
| | - Murid Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
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Mahboob I, Shafiq I, Shafique S, Akhter P, Munir M, Saeed M, Nazir MS, Amjad UES, Jamil F, Ahmad N, Park YK, Hussain M. Porous Ag 3VO 4/KIT-6 composite: Synthesis, characterization and enhanced photocatalytic performance for degradation of Congo Red. Chemosphere 2023; 311:137180. [PMID: 36356802 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Novel Ag3VO4/KIT-6 nanocomposite photocatalyst has been successfully fabricated by a newly-designed simple hard-template induction process, in which the particles of Ag3VO4 were grown on the KIT-6 surface and inside the porous framework of the silica matrix. The developed porous framework nanocomposite was characterized by several techniques including N2-Physiosorption analysis. The obtained nanocomposite revealed a high surface area (273.86 m2/g) along with the possession of monoclinic Ag3VO4, which is highly responsive to visible light (with distinct intensity at about 700 nm). The UV-Vis DRS reveals that the Ag3VO4/KIT-6 photocatalyst bears a bandgap of 2.29 eV which confirms that the material has a good visible light response. The synthesized nanocomposite was tested for its superior physicochemical properties by evaluating its degradation efficiency for Congo Red (CR). The novel composite exhibited superior degradation capability of CR, reaching up to 96.49%, which was around three times the pure Ag3VO4. The detailed kinetic study revealed that the as-prepared material followed a pseudo first order kinetic model for the CR degradation. The study includes a comprehensive parametric study for the formulation of the optimized reaction conditions for photocatalytic reactions. The commercial applicability of the composite material was investigated by a regeneration and recyclability test, which revealed extraordinary results. Furthermore, the possible degradation pathway for CR was also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Mahboob
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Iqrash Shafiq
- Catalysis and Reaction Engineering Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan; Refinery Division, Pak-Arab Refinery Limited "Company" (PARCO), Corporate Headquarters, Korangi Creek Road, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sumeer Shafique
- Catalysis and Reaction Engineering Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, 1-km Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Mamoona Munir
- Department of Botany, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nazir
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Um-E-Salma Amjad
- Catalysis and Reaction Engineering Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Farrukh Jamil
- Catalysis and Reaction Engineering Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Nabeel Ahmad
- Center for Refining & Advanced Chemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
| | - Murid Hussain
- Catalysis and Reaction Engineering Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
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Akhter P, Nawaz S, Shafiq I, Nazir A, Shafique S, Jamil F, Park YK, Hussain M. Efficient visible light assisted photocatalysis using ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposites. Molecular Catalysis 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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7
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Azam K, Shezad N, Shafiq I, Akhter P, Akhtar F, Jamil F, Shafique S, Park YK, Hussain M. A review on activated carbon modifications for the treatment of wastewater containing anionic dyes. Chemosphere 2022; 306:135566. [PMID: 35787877 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polluted water resources, particularly those polluted with industrial effluents' dyes, are carcinogenic and hence pose a severe threat to sustainable and longstanding worldwide development. Meanwhile, adsorption is a promising process for polluted/wastewater treatment. In particular, activated carbon (AC) is popular among various wastewater treatment adsorbents, especially in the organic contaminants' remediation in wastewater. Hence, the AC's synthesis from degradable and non-degradable resources, the carbon activation involved in the AC synthesis, and the AC's modification to cutting-edge and effective materials have been modern-research targets in recent years. Likewise, the main research focuses worldwide have been the salient AC characteristics, such as its surface chemistry, porosity, and enhanced surface area. Notably, various modified-AC synthesis methods have been employed to enhance the AC's potential for improved contaminants-removal. Hence, we critically analyze the different modified ACs (with enhanced (surface) functional groups and textural properties) of their capacity to remove different-natured anionic dyes in wastewater. We also discuss the corresponding AC modification techniques, the factors affecting the AC properties, and the modifying agents' influence on the AC's morphological/adsorptive properties. Finally, the AC research of future interest has been proposed by identifying the current AC research gaps, especially related to the AC's application in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshaf Azam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Shezad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan; Division of Materials Science, Luleå University of Technology, 97187, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Iqrash Shafiq
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, 1-km Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farid Akhtar
- Division of Materials Science, Luleå University of Technology, 97187, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Farrukh Jamil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumeer Shafique
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea.
| | - Murid Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Shabir M, Yasin M, Hussain M, Shafiq I, Akhter P, Nizami AS, Jeon BH, Park YK. A review on recent advances in the treatment of dye-polluted wastewater. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Shabir M, Shezad N, Shafiq I, Maafa IM, Akhter P, Azam K, Ahmed A, Lee SH, Park YK, Hussain M. Carbon nanotubes loaded N,S-codoped TiO2: Heterojunction assembly for enhanced integrated adsorptive-photocatalytic performance. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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10
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Shafiq I, Hussain M, Shafique S, Akhter P, Ahmed A, Ashraf RS, Ali Khan M, Jeon BH, Park YK. Systematic Assessment of Visible-Light-Driven Microspherical V 2O 5 Photocatalyst for the Removal of Hazardous Organosulfur Compounds from Diesel. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:2908. [PMID: 34835672 PMCID: PMC8624679 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The organosulfur compounds present in liquid fuels are hazardous for health, asset, and the environment. The photocatalytic desulfurization technique works at ordinary conditions and removes the requirement of hydrogen, as it is an expensive gas, highly explosive, with a broader flammability range and is declared the most hazardous gas within a petroleum refinery, with respect to flammability. The projected work is based on the synthesis of V2O5 microspheres for photocatalytic oxidation for the straight-run diesel (SRD) and diesel oil blend (DOB). The physicochemical properties of V2O5 microspheres were examined by FT-IR, Raman, UV-vis DRS, SEM, and Photoluminescence evaluations. The as-synthesized photocatalyst presented a trivial unit size, a narrow bandgap, appropriate light-capturing capability, and sufficient active sites. The desulfurization study discovered that the anticipated technique is substantial in desulfurizing DOB up to 37% in 180 min using methanol as an interfacing agent. Furthermore, the outcome of employing a range of polar interfacing solvents was examined, and the 2-ethoxyethanol elevated the desulfurization degree up to 51.3%. However, the anticipated technology is constrained for its application in sulfur removal from SRD. Additionally, the mechanism for a photocatalytic reaction was seen in strong agreement with pseudo-first-order kinetics. The investigated photocatalyst exhibited a compromised recyclability and regeneration tendency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqrash Shafiq
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (I.S.); (S.S.); (A.A.)
- Refinery Division, Pak-Arab Refinery Limited “Company” (PARCO), Corporate Headquarters, Korangi Creek Road, Karachi 12345, Pakistan
| | - Murid Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (I.S.); (S.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Sumeer Shafique
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (I.S.); (S.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, 1-km Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Ashfaq Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (I.S.); (S.S.); (A.A.)
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea
| | - Raja Shahid Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Moonis Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea;
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Korea
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Siraj Z, Maafa IM, Shafiq I, Shezad N, Akhter P, Yang W, Hussain M. KIT-6 induced mesostructured TiO 2 for photocatalytic degradation of methyl blue. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:53340-53352. [PMID: 34031833 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14442-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, titania/silica nanocomposite and mesoporous TiO2 (m-TiO2) photocatalysts are developed by KIT-6 template via a sol-gel approach. The synthesized photocatalysts are characterized by XRD, EDX, SEM, Raman, PL, and UV-vis DRS analysis techniques. The as-synthesized series revealed a high surface area, smaller size, a greater number of accessible active sites, and enhanced light-harvesting capability. The m-TiO2 photocatalysts' charge recombination capability was curiously inferior to the rest of as-synthesized TiO2/KIT-6 nanocomposite materials. The band-gap of as-synthesized materials were suitable for their activity in UV light irradiations. It was pragmatic that the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of m-TiO2 photocatalysts was superior as compared to that of commercial TiO2 photocatalyst under UV light irradiations, owing to the synergistic outcome of the anatase phase and a greater number of accessible active-sites availability as a result of high surface area. Moreover, the m-TiO2 was critically evaluated by investigating various parameters affecting the photocatalytic degradation reaction of MB including the effect of irradiation time, pH, catalyst dosage, and dye concentration. The m-TiO2, 45wt% composite material and commercial-TiO2 exhibited 99.27, 91.20, and 84.67% degradation of methyl blue in 50 min, respectively. Finally, the m-TiO2 exhibited excellent recyclability with negligible loss of activity performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Siraj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ibrahim M Maafa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqrash Shafiq
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Shezad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, 1-km Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Wenshu Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Murid Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
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12
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Manzoor M, Zargar SM, Akhter P, Urwat U, Mahajan R, Bhat SA, Dar TA, Khan I. Morphological, Biochemical, and Proteomic Studies Revealed Impact of Fe and P Crosstalk on Root Development in Phaseolus vulgaris L. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:3898-3914. [PMID: 34524636 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03662-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Mineral stress is one of the major abiotic stresses faced by crop plants. The present study was undertaken to investigate the impact of mineral stress (iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P)) on various morphological and biochemical responses of the shoot and root tissues and root architecture of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). This study also leads us to the identification of P stress responsive proteins. The study was conducted under in vitro conditions, in which seeds of Shalimar French Bean-1 (SFB-1) variety were cultured on four different MGRL medium (control (P1Fe1), iron deficient (P1Fe0), phosphorus deficient (P0Fe1), and phosphorus and iron deficient (P0Fe0)). Chlorophyll content of leaves, Fe/P content of root tissues, total sugars, proline, length, and weight of shoot and root tissues were assessed and compared within and between the treatments. The analyzed data revealed significant difference between control and other three treatments. Chlorophyll content of shoots was found significantly decreased under mineral stress treatments P0Fe1, P1Fe0, and P0Fe0 than control. Length and weight of shoot and root were also observed significantly decreased under P0Fe1, P1Fe0, and P0Fe0 as compared to control. Total sugar was significantly higher in P0Fe1 of roots in comparison to control. Proline content was significantly higher in both tissues of shoots and roots of plants grown under P1Fe0, P0Fe1, and P0Fe0 than control condition. Furthermore, we unexpectedly observed the recovery of roots (mainly primary roots) under P0Fe0 as compared to P1Fe0 and P0Fe1. Interestingly higher concentration of Fe was also observed in P0Fe1 compared to other treatments and also higher concentration of P was observed in P1Fe1. These findings suggested that there is a crosstalk between Fe and P and also revealed that there is a disruption in the ability of PR (primary root) to sense local P deficiency in the absence of Fe. Furthermore, proteomics analysis (SDS-PAGE followed by MALDI MS) helped in identification of defensive proteins in P stress condition compared to control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhiya Manzoor
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India, 190025
| | - Sajad Majeed Zargar
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India, 190025.
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India, 190025
| | - Uneeb Urwat
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India, 190025
| | - Reetika Mahajan
- Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India, 190025
| | - Sajad Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Basic Science, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Tanveer Ali Dar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Imran Khan
- Division of Agricultural Statistics, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
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Shafiq I, Hussain M, Shafique S, Rashid R, Akhter P, Ahmed A, Jeon JK, Park YK. Oxidative desulfurization of refinery diesel pool fractions using LaVO4 photocatalyst. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Shakeel U, Hussain M, Sheikh R, Ahmed A, Nazir MS, Yang W, Shezad N, Akhter P, Park YK. Development of highly efficient solid acid catalysts supported on mesoporous KIT-6 for esterification of oleic acid. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-0754-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Shakoor A, Khan AL, Akhter P, Aslam M, Bilad MR, Maafa IM, Moustakas K, Nizami AS, Hussain M. CO 2 from waste to resource by developing novel mixed matrix membranes. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:12397-12405. [PMID: 32651793 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were fabricated by the hydrothermal synthesis of ordered mesoporous KIT-6 type silica and incorporating in polyimide (P84). KIT-6 and MMMs were characterized to evaluate morphology, thermal stability, surface area, pore volume, and other characteristics. SEM images of synthesized MMMs and permeation data of CO2 suggested homogenous dispersion of mesoporous fillers and their adherence to the polymer matrix. The addition of KIT-6 to polymer matrix improved the permeability of CO2 due to the increase in diffusivity through porous particles. The permeability was 3.2 times higher at 30% loading of filler. However, selectivity showed a slight decrease with the increase in filler loadings. The comparison of gas permeation results of KIT-6 with the well-known MCM-41 revealed that KIT-6 based MMMs showed 14% higher permeability than that of MMMs composed of mesoporous MCM-41. The practical commercial viability of synthesized membranes was examined under different operating temperatures and mixed gas feeds. Mesoporous KIT-6 silica is an attractive additive for gas permeability enhancement without compromising the selectivity of MMMs. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Shakoor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asim Laeeq Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, 1-km Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Roil Bilad
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 8, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim M Maafa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Konstantinos Moustakas
- Unit of Environmental Science & Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Abdul-Sattar Nizami
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Murid Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Badar R, Ashiq U, Jamal RA, Akhter P, Mahroof-Tahir M, Gul S, Ali ST. In Vitro Synthesis, Structure elucidation and its antioxidant properties of Platinum(IV)-hydrazide complexes: Molecular modeling of free-hydrazides suggested as potent lipoxygenase inhibitor. Med Chem 2021; 18:97-114. [PMID: 33593265 DOI: 10.2174/1573406417666210216160941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combination of biologically active ligand and metal in one molecule may increase the activity and reduce the toxicity. OBJECTIVES In this study synthesis and characterization of platinum(IV) complexes with bioactive hydrazide ligands is discussed. METHOD Elemental analysis, conductivity measurements and spectroscopic studies were used to elucidate the structure of complexes. RESULTS Our study suggests that hydrazide ligands coordinate with Pt(IV) in bidenate fashion. The platinum(IV) complexes have octahedral geometry with metal to ligand ratio of 1:2. Hydrazide ligands coordinated with central metal platinum(IV) by oxygen of carbonyl group and nitrogen of primary amine. Synthesized complexes exhibited variable DPPH radical scavenging and lipoxygenase inhibition activity. Furthermore, it is also found that Pt(IV)-hydrazide complexes are more potent superoxide and nitric oxide radical scavengers than their uncoordinated hydrazide ligands while in case of lipoxygenase enzyme inhibition, some of the free hydrazide ligands are more active than their respective Pt(IV) complexes. In silico docking technique explores molecular interactions of synthesized ligands in the active site of lipoxygenase enzyme. Predicted docking energies are in good agreement with experimental data suggesting that in silico studies might be useful for discovery of therapeutic candidates. CONCLUSION Structure function relationship demonstrates that the radical scavenging and enzyme inhibition activities of the Pt(IV) compounds are effected by nature of ligand, position of substituent, electronic and steric effects. However, electronic factor seem to play more important role than other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rooma Badar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270. Pakistan
| | - Uzma Ashiq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270. Pakistan
| | - Rifat Ara Jamal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270. Pakistan
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270. Pakistan
| | | | - Sana Gul
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Art, Science and Technology, Karachi. Pakistan
| | - Syed Tahir Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Art, Science and Technology, Karachi. Pakistan
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Rashid R, Shafiq I, Akhter P, Iqbal MJ, Hussain M. A state-of-the-art review on wastewater treatment techniques: the effectiveness of adsorption method. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:9050-9066. [PMID: 33483933 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12395-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The world's water supplies have been contaminated due to large effluents containing toxic pollutants such as dyes, heavy metals, surfactants, personal care products, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals from agricultural, industrial, and municipal resources into water streams. Water contamination and its treatment have emerged out as an escalating challenge globally. Extraordinary efforts have been made to overcome the challenges of wastewater treatment in recent years. Various techniques such as chemical methods like Fenton oxidation and electrochemical oxidation, physical procedures like adsorption and membrane filtration, and several biological techniques have been recognized for the treatment of wastewater. This review communicates insights into recent research developments in different treatment techniques and their applications to eradicate various water contaminants. Research gaps have also been identified regarding multiple strategies for understanding key aspects that are important to pilot-scale or large-scale systems. Based on this review, it can be determined that adsorption is a simple, sustainable, cost-effective, and environmental-friendly technique for wastewater treatment, among all other existing technologies. However, there is a need for further research and development, optimization, and practical implementation of the integrated process for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhma Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iqrash Shafiq
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, 1-km Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Javid Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Murid Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Shafiq I, Shafique S, Akhter P, Yang W, Hussain M. Recent developments in alumina supported hydrodesulfurization catalysts for the production of sulfur-free refinery products: A technical review. Catalysis Reviews 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2020.1780824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iqrash Shafiq
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
- Refinery Division, Pak-Arab Refinery Limited “Company” (PARCO), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sumeer Shafique
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Wenshu Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Murid Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
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Shezad N, Maafa IM, Johari K, Hafeez A, Akhter P, Shabir M, Raza A, Anjum H, Hussain M, Tahir M. Carbon Nanotubes Incorporated Z-Scheme Assembly of AgBr/TiO 2 for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production under Visible Light Irradiations. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:nano9121767. [PMID: 31835847 PMCID: PMC6956272 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic H2 production is a promising strategy toward green energy and alternative to carbon-based fuels which are the root cause of global warming and pollution. In this study, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) incorporated Z-scheme assembly of AgBr/TiO2 was developed for photocatalytic H2 production under visible light irradiations. Synthesized photocatalysts were characterized through transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), photoluminescence spectra (PL), Brunauer Emmet-Teller(BET), and UV-vis spectroscopy analysis techniques. The composite photocatalysts exhibited a H2 production of 477 ppm which was three-folds higher than that produced by TiO2. The good performance was attributed to the strong interaction of three components and the reduced charge recombination, which was 89 and 56.3 times lower than the TiO2 and AgBr/TiO2. Furthermore, the role of surface acidic and basic groups was assessed and the photocatalytic results demonstrated the importance of surface functional groups. In addition, the composites exhibited stability and reusability for five consecutive cycles of reaction. Thus, improved performance of the photocatalyst was credited to the CNTs as an electron mediator, surface functional groups, higher surface area, enhanced charge separation and extended visible light absorption edge. This work provides new development of Z-scheme photocatalysts for sustainable H2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Shezad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (N.S.); (K.J.); (H.A.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Ibrahim M. Maafa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (I.M.M.); (M.H.); (M.T.)
| | - Khairiraihanna Johari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (N.S.); (K.J.); (H.A.)
- Centre of Contaminant Control & Utilization, Institute of Contaminant Management (ICM), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Ainy Hafeez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, 1-km Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Maira Shabir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Ali Raza
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Hirra Anjum
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia; (N.S.); (K.J.); (H.A.)
| | - Murid Hussain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.S.); (A.R.)
- Correspondence: (I.M.M.); (M.H.); (M.T.)
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Chemical Reaction Engineering Group (CREG), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor Bahru 81310 UTM, Johor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (I.M.M.); (M.H.); (M.T.)
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Akhter P, Ashiq U, Jamal RA, Shaikh Z, Mahroof-Tahir M, Lateef M, Badar R. Chemistry, Alpha-glucosidase and Radical Scavenging Properties of Uranyl(VI) Hydrazide Complexes. Med Chem 2019; 15:923-936. [PMID: 30760191 DOI: 10.2174/1573406415666190213101044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antitumoral activities among others are essential characteristics in the development of novel therapeutic compounds. Acid hydrazides can form complexation with certain metal ions that positively enhance these biological characteristics. OBJECTIVE Five new complexes of uranium with hydrazide ligands were synthesized at room temperature. METHODS The characterization was done by spectroscopic methods (ESI-Mass, IR, 1H-NMR, 13CNMR), CHN analysis and conductivity measurements. Metal complexes along with their respective ligands were further screened for their antioxidant (DPPH, superoxide and nitric oxide free radicals) properties and enzyme inhibition (α-glucosidase) activities. RESULTS Elemental and spectral data indicate octahedral geometry around uranyl (UO2 2+) species. Magnetic moments indicate the diamagnetic nature of uranyl(VI) ion in the complex in solid state. IC50 values showed potential antioxidant behavior of uranyl complexes demonstrating interesting structure-activity relationships. In general, hydrazide ligands were not active against superoxide and nitric oxide radicals while varying degree of results were observed against DPPH radical whereas all uranyl-complexes showed promising radical scavenging activities against all of them. Promising inhibitory potential was displayed by UO2 +2 hydrazide complexes against α- glucosidases whereas free hydrazide ligands were inactive. CONCLUSION Structure function relationship demonstrates that the nature of ligand, position of substituent, electronic and steric effects are significant factors affecting the radical scavenging and enzyme inhibition activities of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Ashiq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Rifat A Jamal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Zara Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | | | - Mehreen Lateef
- Multi Disciplinary Research Lab, Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rooma Badar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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Ashraf T, Akhter P, Achakzai AS, Khan N, Saghir T, Rizvi SNH, Aamir KF. Cardiac CT in Detecting a Dislodged Stent in Right Coronary Artery after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 27:68-69. [PMID: 30701720 PMCID: PMC6358425 DOI: 10.4250/jcvi.2019.27.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Ashraf
- Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Parveen Akhter
- Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Samad Achakzai
- Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Naveedullah Khan
- Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Saghir
- Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Kanwal Fatima Aamir
- Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
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Akhter P, Pal SN, Begum S. Comparison between Carbetocin and Oxytocin in Active Management of 3rd Stage of Labour in Preventing Post Partum Hemorrhage. Mymensingh Med J 2018; 27:793-797. [PMID: 30487496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The third stage of labour is considered to be the most critical part of child birth due to the risk of post partum haemorrhage (PPH). To compare the effectiveness of carbetocin and oxytocin in the management of 3rd stage of labour in preventing post partum hemorrhage, this experimental clinical trial was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Salimulla Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2015 to June 2016. Three hundred women undergoing normal vaginal delivery were consecutively enrolled. They were divided into two groups, one group was treated with carbetocin 100μg IV and another group was treated with oxytocin 10 unit IV. Post partum haemorrhage was developed in 23(15.3%) and 31(20.7%) patients in carbetocin and oxytocin groups respectively. Among these PPH patients, 17(73.9%) patients received oxytocin, 21(91.3%) patients received Ergometrin and 14(60.9%) patients received misoprostol in carbetocin group as additional drug. In oxytocin group 30(96.8) patients received ergometrin and 26(83.9) patients received misoprostol. Significantly higher number of patients was treated with balloon catheter in oxytocin group (77.4%) than carbetocin group (39.1%). Thirteen (41.9%) patients in oxytocin group and 4(17.4%) patients in carbetocin group needed to treat in ICU. In carbetocin Group I patient (4.3%) and in oxytocin Group II patients (6.5%) died. carbetocin is better than oxytocin in the management of 3rd stage of labour to prevent post partum haemorrhage (PPH).
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Affiliation(s)
- P Akhter
- Dr Parul Akhter, Assistant Professor, Department of Gynae & Obs, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Mitford, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Imam S, Islam MN, Khan NA, Mostafa SN, Amin MS, Rahman S, Akhter P. Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) Evaluation of Obstructive Jaundice in Comparison with Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Mymensingh Med J 2017; 26:420-425. [PMID: 28588181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Radiology and Imaging in collaboration with Department of Gastroenterology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2013 to June 2014 to evaluate the efficacy of Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and ERCP in the management of obstructive jaundice and also to determine diagnostic validity accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of MRCP in evaluation of obstructive jaundice. For this purpose, a total of 60 patients with obstructive jaundice who underwent MRCP and Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the above mentioned hospital were enrolled. More than one third (35.0%) patients were in 5th decade and the mean age was 46.2±12.9 years. Male female ratio was 1.1:1. Most (45.0%) of the patients had filling defect, 28.3% had concentric stenosis and 26.7% eccentric stenosis. In MRCP findings more than one third (35.0%) patients had choledocholithiasis followed by 26.7% had cholangiocarcinoma, 10.0% benign CBD stricture and 8.3% had ascariasis. In ERCP findings 31.7% patients had choledocholithiasis followed by 16.7% had cholangiocarcinoma, 13.3% benign CBD stricture and 10.0% ascariasis. All patients had increased serum bilirubin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Imam
- Dr Sadia Imam, Consultant, Department of Radiology & Imaging, Ibn Sina Hospital, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Hossain F, Nahar KN, Mahmoud S, Islam FA, Begum N, Akhter P. Turner’s Syndrome in Adulthood and Cytogenetics. Nepal j obstet gynaecol 2014. [DOI: 10.3126/njog.v9i2.11744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Turner’s syndrome is a chronic disease of chromosomal aberration. The purpose of the study was to find out the accurate identification of cell line, which is critical for cytogenetic studies, genetic counseling, phenotypic studies carried out with few reconstructive procedures to plan future sexual and reproductive life. Methods: This study design was a prospective hospital based clinical study. In this study, ninety six patients were studied with secondary sex characters with relevant ultrasonogram findings and hormonal assay who underwent karyotyping in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka for a study period of ten years from October 1997 to October 2007. Results: Among 96 patients, 62.5 % of the patients were from 15-18 years. Four girls who were less than 15 years came with Turner’s and testicular stigmata. Twenty women aged more than 26 years presented with coital problems. Around 72.9% had no secondary sexual character, 20.83% had normal female type of secondary sex character, and 6.25% had virilizing type of secondary sexual character. Karyotyping of the cases revealed 72.9% (n = 70) had 45XO pattern, which belong to the Turner's stigmata and correlated well with the hormone profile. Whereas, 20.83% (n = 20) had 46XX pattern and 6.25% (n = 6) had 46XY pattern with testicular feminization syndrome with inguinal testis. Conclusions: About 60% of cases were in the 15-18 years age group. Most of the patients presented with no secondary sexual characteristics. 45XO chromosomal pattern was the most common presenting in 72.9% cases. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v9i2.11744
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Akhter P, Hussain M, Saracco G, Russo N. New nanostructured silica incorporated with isolated Ti material for the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to fuels. Nanoscale Res Lett 2014; 9:158. [PMID: 24690396 PMCID: PMC3977886 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, new nanoporous silica (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology-6 (KIT-6)-dried or KIT-6-calcined) incorporated with isolated Ti materials with different Si/Ti ratios (Si/Ti = 200, 100, and 50) has been synthesized and investigated to establish photocatalytic reduction of CO2 in the presence of H2O vapors. The properties of the materials have been characterized through N2 adsorption/desorption, UV-vis, TEM, FT-IR, and XPS analysis techniques. The intermediate amount of the isolated Ti (Si/Ti = 100) has resulted to be more uniformly distributed on the surface and within the three-dimensional pore structure of the KIT-6 material, without its structure collapsing, than the other two ratios (Si/Ti = 200 and 50). However, titania agglomerates have been observed to have formed due to the increased Ti content (Si/Ti = 50). The Ti-KIT-6 (calcined) materials in the reaction showed higher activity than the Ti-KIT-6 (dried) materials, which produced CH4, H2, CO, and CH3OH (vapors) as fuel products. The Ti-KIT-6 (Si/Ti = 100) material also showed more OH groups, which are useful to obtain a higher production rate of the products, particularly methane, which was even higher than the rate of the best commercial TiO2 (Aeroxide P25, Evonik Industries AG, Essen, Germany) photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Akhter
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Murid Hussain
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, M A Jinnah Building, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Guido Saracco
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Nunzio Russo
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy
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Habib S, Akhter P, Razzak S, Jamal Z, Rasool I, Zaman KS. Presentation of tuberculosis as isolated massive pericardial effusion in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. J PAK MED ASSOC 2012; 62:65-67. [PMID: 22352108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The case of a 60 year old male patient, diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis presenting with recurrent massive pericardial effusion, and unresponsive to treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is documented. Pericardial biopsy proved Tuberculous pericarditis with positive fluid culture for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Anti-tuberculous treatment was started along with corticosteroids. Follow up after three months showed no evidence of pericardial effusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultana Habib
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi
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Ali N, Khan EU, Akhter P, Khattak NU, Khan F, Rana MA. The effect of air mass origin on the ambient concentrations of ⁷Be and ²¹⁰Pb in Islamabad, Pakistan. J Environ Radioact 2011; 102:35-42. [PMID: 20869795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Revised: 08/18/2010] [Accepted: 08/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Concentration of radionuclides ²¹⁰Pb and ⁷Be, having half lives of 22.3 years and 53.29 days, respectively, in the surface air samples of Islamabad (33.38°N, 73.10°E and Altitude ∼536 m asl.) are measured. The non-destructive technique of gamma-spectrometry, with a high purity germanium HPGe detector, was employed for the analysis of all samples. The annual average concentrations of ²¹⁰Pb and ⁷Be in the surface air samples were determined as 0.284 ± 0.15 and 3.171 ± 1.14 mBq m⁻³, respectively. Our results have shown a seasonal variation of the concentration of ⁷Be in air samples with high values for the spring season. High concentrations for ²¹⁰Pb are obtained when air masses originate from plain areas of Pothohar region, located in the South-West, West and North West of Islamabad. Our values of concentrations show a nice agreement with the relevant reported results.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ali
- DPAM, PIEAS, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Ali N, Khan EU, Akhter P, Khan F, Waheed A. Estimation of mean annual effective dose through radon concentration in the water and indoor air of Islamabad and Murree. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2010; 141:183-191. [PMID: 20511405 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncq160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Different samples of water, indoor air and soil gas have been collected from Islamabad (33 degrees 38'N, 73 degrees 09'E, altitude of 1760 ft.), the capital of Pakistan and Murree (33 degrees 53'N, 73 degrees 23'E, altitude of 7323 ft.), lying on a geological fault line and are analysed for the estimation of mean effective dose through radon concentrations by using RAD-7, a solid state alpha-detector. The variation of radon concentration in water, indoor air and soil gas in Islamabad region ranges from 25.90-158.40 kBq m(-3), 43.26-97.04 Bq m(-3) and 17.34-72.52 kBq m(-3), having mean values 88.63 kBq m(-3), 70.67 Bq m(-3) and 45.08 kBq m(-3)(,) respectively. It ranges from 1.64-10.20 kBq m(-3), 18.48-42.08 Bq m(-3) and 0.61-3.89 kBq m(-3) with mean values 4.38 kBq m(-3), 28.63 Bq m(-3) and 1.70 kBq m(-3)(,) respectively in Murree and its surroundings. The total mean annual effective doses from water and indoor air of Islamabad and Murree regions are 2.023 and 0.733 mSv a(-1), respectively. These doses are within the recommended limits of the world organisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ali
- DPAM, PIEAS, PO Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Jabeen A, Munir M, Khalil A, Masood M, Akhter P. Occupational exposure from external radiation used in medical practices in Pakistan by film badge dosimetry. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2010; 140:396-401. [PMID: 20418331 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncq134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposure data of workers due to external sources of radiation in various medical practices such as nuclear medicine (NM), radiotherapy and diagnostic radiology (DR) in Pakistan were collected and analysed. Whole-body doses of workers were measured by film badge dosimetry technique during 2003-2007. Annual average effective dose in NM, radiotherapy and DR varied in the range of 1.39-1.80, 1.05-1.45 and 1.22-1.71 mSv, respectively, during 2003-2007. These values are quite low and well below the annual limit of 20 mSv averaged over a period of 5 consecutive years. Nobody received the radiation dose >50 mSv in any single year over a period of 5 consecutive years; therefore, no overexposure case has been detected. Decreasing trend of annual average dose values in aforementioned categories of work during 2003-2007 indicates the improvement of radiation protection status in medical field in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jabeen
- Radiation Dosimetry Group, Health Physics Division, Directorate of Systems and Services, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH), Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Jabbar T, Khan K, Subhani MS, Akhter P, Jabbar A. Environmental gamma radiation measurement in district Swat, Pakistan. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2008; 132:88-93. [PMID: 18936087 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncn253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
External exposure to environmental gamma ray sources is an important component of exposure to the public. A survey was carried out to determine activity concentration levels and associated doses from (226)Ra, (232)Th, (40)K and (137)Cs by means of high-resolution gamma ray spectrometry in the Swat district, famous for tourism. The mean concentrations for (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K were found to be 50.4 +/- 0.7, 34.8 +/- 0.7 and 434.5 +/- 7.4 Bq kg(-1), respectively, in soil samples, which are slightly more than the world average values. However, (137)Cs was only found in the soil sample of Barikot with an activity concentration of 34 +/- 1.2 Bq kg(-1). Only (40)K was determined in vegetation samples with an average activity of 172.2 +/- 1.7 Bq kg(-1), whereas in water samples, all radionuclides were found below lower limits of detection. The radium equivalent activity in all soil samples is lower than the limit set in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development report (370 Bq kg(-1)). The value of the external exposure dose has been determined from the content of these radionuclides in soil. The average terrestrial gamma air absorbed dose rate was observed to be 62.4 nGy h(-1), which yields an annual effective dose of 0.08 mSv. The average value of the annual effective dose lies close to the global range of outdoor radiation exposure given in United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. However, the main component of the radiation dose to the population residing in the study area arises from cosmic ray due to high altitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jabbar
- Health Physics Division, PINSTECH, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Akhter P, Padmanabhan A, Babiker W, Sayed A, Molelekwa V, Geary M. Introduction of an early pregnancy assessment unit: audit on the first 6 months of service. Ir J Med Sci 2007; 176:23-6. [PMID: 17849519 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-007-0013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women experiencing bleeding in early pregnancy suffer considerable anxiety. Waiting for a considerable time for a diagnosis adds to their grievance. Early Pregnancy Assessment Unit (EPAU) is a dedicated service that provides quick and easy accessibility to diagnosis, treatment and support service. AIM To monitor the first 6 months of the EPAU service in the Rotunda Hospital, to identify its shortcomings, so that we can ensure effective EPAU care in future. METHODS A retrospective audit between July and December 2002 was performed. RESULTS A majority of patients (83.4%) were self-referrals. All patients were seen between 1 and 3 h. In the miscarriage group, 218/278 (78.4%) was managed surgically by evacuation and a further 60/278 (21.6%) received conservative or medical treatment. Among 13 ectopic pregnancies, 5/13 (39%) had laparoscopic management. CONCLUSION This clinic has enabled us to manage early pregnancy bleeding in an effective manner within a satisfactory time period. The high surgical intervention rate for miscarriages is highlighted to support the need for greater emphasis on medical and expectant management.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Akhter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Rotunda Hospital, Parnell Street, Dublin 1, Ireland.
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Akhter P, Rahman K, Orfi SD, Ahmad N. Radiological impact of dietary intakes of naturally occurring radionuclides on Pakistani adults. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 45:272-7. [PMID: 17034921 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2006.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2005] [Revised: 07/23/2006] [Accepted: 08/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Daily dietary intakes of three naturally occurring long-lived radionuclides (232)Th, (238)U and (40)K were estimated for the adult population of Pakistan using neutron activation analysis (NAA), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), respectively. The daily intakes of (232)Th ranged from 4 to 29 mBq, (238)U ranged from 17 to 82 mBq and (40)K ranged from 51 to 128 Bq. The geometric means of these intakes were 10 mBqd(-1) for (232)Th, 33 mBqd(-1) for (238)U and 78.5 Bqd(-1) for (40)K. The measured values give annual committed effective doses of 0.80, 0.53 and 178.75 microSvyr(-1) for (232)Th, (238)U and (40)K, respectively to Pakistani population. The net radiological impact of these radionuclides is 180.08 microSvyr(-1). This value gives cancer risk factor of 4.5 x 10(-4) and loss of life expectancy of 0.87 days only. Whereas ICRP cancer risk factor for general public is 2.5 x 10(-3) and total risk involve from the all natural radiation sources based on global average annual radiation dose of 2.4 mSvyr(-1) is 6.0 x 10(-3). The estimated cancer risk shows that probability of increase of cancer risk from daily Pakistani diet is only a minor fraction of ICRP values. Therefore, the diet does not pose any significant health hazard and is considered radiologically safe for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Akhter
- Health Physics Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Khan K, Akhter P, Orfi SD. Estimation of radiation doses associated with natural radioactivity in sand samples of the north western areas of Pakistan using Monte Carlo simulation. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-005-0835-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Molelekwa V, Akhter P, McKenna P, Bowen M, Walsh K. Eisenmenger's syndrome in a 27 week pregnancy--management with bosentan and sildenafil. Ir Med J 2005; 98:87-8. [PMID: 15869069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
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Akhter P, Baloch NZ, Mohammad D, Orfi SD, Ahmad N. Assessment of strontium and calcium levels in Pakistani diet. J Environ Radioact 2004; 73:247-256. [PMID: 15050358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2003.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2003] [Revised: 08/21/2003] [Accepted: 08/26/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To cope with nuclear emergency effectively due to ingestion of fission fragment (90)Sr, adequacy of nutritionally and radiologically important elements strontium and calcium was studied in typical Pakistani diet and baseline analytical data were generated. Concentrations of strontium and calcium were measured by using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) techniques. Daily dietary intake of strontium and calcium varied from 0.9 to 5.7 mg and 217 to 713 mg with the geometric mean value x geometric standard deviation of 2.6 x 1.7 and 487.1 x 1.4 mg d(-1), respectively. The average Sr concentration in the Pakistani diet was 1.4 times higher while Ca concentration was 0.4 times lower than the recommended values of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The calculated Sr/Ca ratio 5.3E-03 was also higher than the ICRP value. The study depicts that the strontium concentration in the Pakistani diet is adequate, while the calcium concentration is inadequate according to international standards and needs improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Akhter
- Health Physics Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Abstract
To evaluate radiation doses due to ingestion of thorium activity by members of the public, baseline analytical data on thorium concentration in a typical Pakistani diet was generated. Food samples were collected from major districts/ cities of the country using the market basket method, and typical daily diets were prepared. Thorium concentration was determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis. It was found to vary from 1.6 ng g(-1) to 12 ng g(-1). The median value was 4.6 ng g(-1). This leads to median daily thorium intake of 2.7 microg d(-1). The geometric mean was 2.6 microg d(-1), which was 13% less than the ICRP value. Based on these measurements the average intake of 232Th activity was 10 mBq d(-1), and the average annual and committed effective doses for adults were estimated to be 8.8 x 10(-7) Sv y(-1) and 4.4 x 10(-5) Sv, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Akhter
- Health Physics Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Abstract
The nutritional status of dietary potassium and the radiological impact of its isotope (40)K were estimated for the Pakistani population. Potassium concentration was determined in dietary samples by atomic absorption spectrometry. An average potassium concentration was 4.54+/-0.89 mg/g, which leads to potassium dietary intake of 2.69+/-0.54 g/day and the radiological hazard due to (40)K activity was 79.94 Bq/day. The annual and lifetime effective doses calculated for the reference Pakistani man weighing 64 kg due to measured activity of (40)K were found to be 1.65 x 10(-4) Sv y(-1) and 8.27 x 10(-3) Sv, respectively. Measured data showed that the potassium concentration in the Pakistani diet is adequate and safe according to international standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Akhter
- Health Physics Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, PO Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Abstract
Daily dietary intakes of radioactive and non-radioactive caesium for the Pakistani population were measured. Food samples were collected on market basket method and were analysed using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis technique. The radioactive caesium ((137)Cs) in these samples was below the detectable limit, i.e. 1 mBq g(-1). The geometric mean of the mass fraction of stable caesium was 9.56 x 1.53 ng g(-1). The estimated daily dietary intake of caesium was 5.65 x 1.53 microg d(-1) or 0.088 microg kg(-1) of body weight of the reference Pakistani man weighing 64 kg. These values are 38.2% smaller than the recommended ICRP values for a 70 kg standard man. However, caesium concentration in the Pakistani diet is comparable with other reported values in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Akhter
- Health Physics Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science & TechnologyP.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Akhter P, Orfi SD, Kawamura H, Ahmad N, Khaleeq-Ur-Rahman M. Intercomparison of INAA and ICP-MS results for thorium determination in Pakistani diet. J Environ Radioact 2002; 62:123-127. [PMID: 12171466 DOI: 10.1016/s0265-931x(01)00155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A pilot study on ingestion and organ content of trace elements of importance in radiological protection was to be carried out in Pakistan. Baseline analytical data on daily dietary intake of thorium was to be measured using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) technique. To determine the accuracy and reliability of our technique, some samples were measured in Pakistan using INAA and in Japan using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. For intercomparison of results overall mean Z-scores were calculated. The results showed validity of our technique. Mean value of 232Th concentration in Pakistani diet samples using INAA technique is 0.0062 +/- 0.0028 microg/g and with ICP-MS technique is 0.0069 +/- 0.0032 microg/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Akhter
- Health Physics Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology, Islamabad
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Abstract
To strengthen the radiation protection infrastructure, a pilot study on physical characteristics for Reference Asian Man was carried out in Pakistan. Physical data on height and weight of Pakistani men and women were collected and compiled for all age groups to establish a Reference Pakistani Man/Woman which contributed toward the Reference Asian Man/Woman. A correlation between Age and Body Mass Index (BMI) of Pakistani MALES (i.e., rm = +0.89) and FEMALES (i.e., rf = +0.71) was observed. Average BMI of Pakistani males and females for the age group of 20-50 y was found to be 21.95 kg m(-2) and 21.20 kg m(-2), respectively. From recent literature and work of others BMI for Reference Asian Male (RAM) and Reference Asian Female (RAF) has been found to be 20.79 kg m(-2) and 20.81 kg m(-2). Results of our study fall within BMI ranges for male/female adults of Asian countries, i.e., 19.14-22.98 kg m(-2) and 19.38-22.71 kg m(-2), respectively. However, no significant sex specific difference has been noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Akhter
- Health Physics Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Islamabad.
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Harland CJ, Akhter P, Venables JA. Accurate microcrystallography at high spatial resolution using electron back-scattering patterns in a field emission gun scanning electron microscope. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3735/14/2/011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Fatemi SH, Emamian ES, Kist D, Sidwell RW, Nakajima K, Akhter P, Shier A, Sheikh S, Bailey K. Defective corticogenesis and reduction in Reelin immunoreactivity in cortex and hippocampus of prenatally infected neonatal mice. Mol Psychiatry 1999; 4:145-54. [PMID: 10208446 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4000520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recent reports indicate an association between second trimester human influenza viral infection and later development of schizophrenia. Postmortem human brain studies also provide evidence for reduction in Reelin mRNA (an important secretory protein responsible for normal lamination of the brain) in schizophrenic brains. We hypothesized that human influenza infection in day 9 pregnant mice would alter the expression of reelin in day 0 neonatal brains. Prenatally-infected murine brains from postnatal day 0 showed significant reductions in reelin-positive cell counts in layer I of neocortex and other cortical and hippocampal layers when compared to controls. Whereas layer I Cajal-Retzius cells produced significantly less Reelin in infected animals, the same cells showed normal production of calretinin and nNOS when compared to control brains. Moreover, prenatal viral infection caused decreases in neocortical and hippocampal thickness. These results implicate a potential role of prenatal viral infection in causation of neuronal migration abnormalities via reduction in Reelin production in neonatal brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Fatemi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
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Fatemi SH, Sidwell R, Kist D, Akhter P, Meltzer HY, Bailey K, Thuras P, Sedgwick J. Differential expression of synaptosome-associated protein 25 kDa [SNAP-25] in hippocampi of neonatal mice following exposure to human influenza virus in utero. Brain Res 1998; 800:1-9. [PMID: 9685568 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the role of maternal exposure to human influenza virus [HI] in C57BL/6 mice on day 9 of pregnancy on the hippocampal expression of SNAP-25 in postnatal day 0 neonates, and compared them to sham-infected pups. The expression of SNAP-25 in infected neonates varied along the septotemporal axis of hippocampus and in various anatomic layers. Quantitative densitometric analysis of specific immunogold silver-enhanced SNAP-25 immunoreactivity [IR] showed increases of 40-347% over control in all septal-dorsal hippocampal layers except for the subplate layer. In mid septo-temporal hippocampus, SNAP-25 IR increased by 10-114% over control in all layers, except for the hippocampal plate, but the extent of this increase was smaller than in the dorsal-septal area. Finally,in temporal-ventral levels, SNAP-25 expression was reduced in all infected layers by 21-33% below control except for mild increases of 8.8 and 10% in subplate and hippocampal plate layers. Additionally, the infected SNAP-25 maximal density bin shifted to lower values dorsally and to higher values medially, with ventral maximal bins remaining unchanged when compared to controls. The differential expression of SNAP-25 in the hippocampi of infected neonates indicates a variable degree of vulnerability across the septo-temporal axis of hippocampus. It is surmised that while viral infection may induce excitotoxicity in the ventral hippocampus, it may cause reactive synapto-genesis in the medial and dorsal sectors of the developing brains of postnatal day 0 neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Fatemi
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroanatomy, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Abstract
We investigated the role of maternal exposure to human influenza virus (HI) in C57BL/6 mice on day 9 of pregnancy on hippocampal expression of nNOS in day 0 neonates and compared that to sham-infected pups. Qualitative analysis using polyclonal antibody to nNOS showed overall increases in immunoreactivity (IR) in hippocampal and dentate layers of day 0 infected neonates when compared to sham-infected animals. These increases in nNOS immunoreactivity were pronounced in hippocampal plate, intermediate, molecular, subplate, and dentate areas. Quantitative analysis of specific immunogold silver-enhanced nNOS IR via densitometry showed nNOS IR increases of 26-71.6% in all layers, i.e., hippocampal plate (35.1%), dentate area (71.6%), molecular area (43.75%), subplate (45.7%), and intermediate zone (26%) in infected neonatal brains vs. controls. The changes in levels of nNOS expression in hippocampi of neonates born to mothers exposed to HI virus during the second trimester of pregnancy may reflect the potential for glutamatergic excitotoxicity via activation of NMDA receptors in the developing brains of these neonatal mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Fatemi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis 55455, USA
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Aduldecha S, Keniry ME, Akhter P, Tyagi S, Hathaway BJ. Crystal structures of bis(di-2-pyridylamine)(acetato)copper(II) nitrate and bis(di-2-pyridylamine)(formato)copper(II) tetrafluoroborate. Acta Crystallogr C 1991. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270190013981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Akhter P, Hathaway B. Structure of bis[cyanatobis(di-2-pyridylamine)copper(II)] sulfate bis(di-2-pyridylamine) monohydrate. Acta Crystallogr C 1991. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270190007715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Agha F, Akhter P, Jahan N, Khan RA. Thyroid related hormones and TSH levels in non-toxic diffuse goitre. J PAK MED ASSOC 1989; 39:214-5. [PMID: 2509755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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