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Sun J, Rene ER, Tao D, Lu Y, Jin Q, Lam JCH, Leung KMY, He Y. Degradation of organic UV filters in the water environment: A concise review on the mechanism, toxicity, and technologies. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 463:132822. [PMID: 37898090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Organic ultraviolet filters (OUVFs) have been used globally for the past 20 years. Given that OUVFs can be quickly released from sunscreens applied on human skins, they have been frequently detected in aquatic environments and organisms. Some byproducts of OUVFs might be more recalcitrant and toxic than their parent compounds. To further assess the toxicity and potential risk of OUVFs' byproducts, it is necessary to determine the fate of OUVFs and identify their transformation products. This review summarizes and analyzes pertinent literature and reports in the field of OUVFs research. These published research works majorly focus on the degradation mechanisms of OUVFs in aquatic environments, their intermediates/byproducts, and chlorination reaction. Photodegradation (direct photolysis, self-sensitive photolysis and indirect photolysis) and biodegradation are the main transformation pathways of OUVFs through natural degradation. To remove residual OUVFs' pollutants from aqueous environments, novel physicochemical and biological approaches have been developed in recent years. Advanced oxidation, ultrasound, and bio-based technologies have been proven to eliminate OUVFs from wastewaters. In addition, the disinfection mechanism and the byproducts (DBPs) of various OUVFs in swimming pools are discussed in this review. Besides, knowledge gaps and future research directions in this field of study are also mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaji Sun
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), 511458 Guangzhou, China
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, P. O. Box 3015, 2611AX Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Danyang Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yichun Lu
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), 511458 Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Jin
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jason Chun-Ho Lam
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), 511458 Guangzhou, China
| | - Kenneth M Y Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuhe He
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), 511458 Guangzhou, China.
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Stability and Removal of Benzophenone-Type UV Filters from Water Matrices by Advanced Oxidation Processes. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061874. [PMID: 35335237 PMCID: PMC8951480 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzophenone (BP) type UV filters are common environmental contaminants that are posing a growing health concern due to their increasing presence in water. Different studies have evidenced the presence of benzophenones (BP, BP-1, BP-2, BP-3, BP-4, BP-9, HPB) in several environmental matrices, indicating that conventional technologies of water treatment are not able to remove them. It has also been reported that these compounds could be associated with endocrine-disrupting activities, genotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity. This review focuses on the degradation kinetics and mechanisms of benzophenone-type UV filters and their degradation products (DPs) under UV and solar irradiation and in UV-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as UV/H2O2, UV/persulfate, and the Fenton process. The effects of various operating parameters, such as UV irradiation including initial concentrations of H2O2, persulfate, and Fe2+, on the degradation of tested benzophenones from aqueous matrices, and conditions that allow higher degradation rates to be achieved are presented. Application of nanoparticles such as TiO2, PbO/TiO2, and Sb2O3/TiO2 for the photocatalytic degradation of benzophenone-type UV filters was included in this review.
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Paraben Compounds—Part II: An Overview of Advanced Oxidation Processes for Their Degradation. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11083556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Water scarcity represents a problem for billions of people and is expected to get worse in the future. To guarantee people’s water needs, the use of “first-hand water” or the reuse of wastewater must be done. Wastewater treatment and reuse are favorable for this purpose, since first-hand water is scarce and the economic needs for the exploration of this type of water are increasing. In wastewater treatment, it is important to remove contaminants of emerging concern, as well as pathogenic agents. Parabens are used in daily products as preservatives and are detected in different water sources. These compounds are related to different human health problems due to their endocrine-disrupting behavior, as well as several problems in animals. Thus, their removal from water streams is essential to achieve safe reusable water. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) are considered very promising technologies for wastewater treatment and can be used as alternatives or as complements of the conventional wastewater treatments that are inefficient in the removal of such contaminants. Different AOP technologies such as ozonation, catalytic ozonation, photocatalytic ozonation, Fenton’s, and photocatalysis, among others, have already been used for parabens abatement. This manuscript critically overviews several AOP technologies used in parabens abatement. These treatments were evaluated in terms of ecotoxicological assessment since the resulting by-products of parabens abatement can be more toxic than the parent compounds. The economic aspect was also analyzed to evaluate and compare the considered technologies.
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Zúñiga-Benítez H, Peñuela GA. Application of solar photo-Fenton for benzophenone-type UV filters removal. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 217:929-938. [PMID: 29679915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Benzophenones (BPs) family is one of the most frequently used groups of UV-filters. However, it has been reported by different authors that this kind of chemical compounds could be associated with some endocrine disrupting activity, genotoxicity and reproductive toxicity. In addition, different studies have evidenced the presence of BPs in several environmental matrices, indicating that conventional technologies of water treatment are not able to remove them, which generates the necessity of evaluating new alternatives of remediation. In this way, the main objective of this paper was to consider the potential removal of the benzophenone-type compounds, Benzophenone-1 and Benzophenone-2 in aqueous solutions using photo-Fenton under simulated sunlight radiation. Effects of different operational parameters, including H2O2 and Fe2+ initial concentrations, on pollutants elimination were assessed, and conditions that allow to get higher degradation rates were established. In general, results indicated that evaluated photo-catalytic system is able to remove completely the studied benzophenones, and to increase the samples biodegradability after a notable reduction of the organic carbon present in the solutions. Additionally, the identification of some of the reaction byproducts showed that hydroxylation of the substrates molecules is one of the main stages that conduct to its elimination under the evaluated experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Zúñiga-Benítez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 # 52 -21, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo GDCON, Facultad de Ingeniería, Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 # 52 -21, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Gustavo A Peñuela
- Grupo GDCON, Facultad de Ingeniería, Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 # 52 -21, Medellín, Colombia
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Zúñiga-Benítez H, Peñuela GA. Methylparaben removal using heterogeneous photocatalysis: effect of operational parameters and mineralization/biodegradability studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:6022-6030. [PMID: 26988366 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6468-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Methylparaben (MePB) is an organic compound employed mainly in the manufacture of different personal care products. However, it has been recently listed as a potential endocrine disrupter chemical. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to evaluate the degradation of MePB in aqueous solutions using heterogeneous photocatalysis with TiO2 and hydrogen peroxide. In this way, effects of pH and the initial concentrations of catalyst, H2O2, and pollutant on treatment were analyzed. A face centered, central composite design was used for determination of the influence of each parameter in the process and the conditions under which the pollutant suffers the highest rates of degradation were selected. In general, results indicate that combination TiO2/H2O2/light irradiation leads to ∼90 % of substrate removal after 30 min of reaction and that hydroxyl free radicals are the main specie responsible for organic matter elimination. Finally, in terms of mineralization and biodegradability, experimental results indicated that part of the organic matter was transformed into CO2 and water and the photo-treatment promoted an increase in samples biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Zúñiga-Benítez
- Grupo GDCON, Facultad de Ingeniería, Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Gustavo A Peñuela
- Grupo GDCON, Facultad de Ingeniería, Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
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Boutra B, Trari M. Solar photodegradation of a textile azo dye using synthesized ZnO/Bentonite. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 75:1211-1220. [PMID: 28272050 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present work is devoted to the synthesis of a new photocatalyst ZnO (7.5%)/Bentonite prepared by impregnation method and its successful application for the degradation of Solophenyl Red 3BL (SR 3BL) under solar light (∼660 W/m2). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicates mixed phases of the nanocomposite catalyst (ZnO/Bentonite), characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence and attenuated total reflection. The optical properties confirm the presence of the Wurtzite ZnO phase with an optical gap of 3.27 eV. The catalyst dose (0.25-1 gL-1), pH solution (2.5-11) and initial dye concentration (5-75 mg/L) are optimized. The optimal pH (∼6.7) is close to the natural environment. The photodegradation yield increases with decreasing the SR 3BL concentration. The equilibrium is reached within 160 min and the data are well fitted by the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model; the SR 3BL disappearance obeys to a first-order kinetic with an apparent rate constant of 10-2 mn-1. The best yield of SR 3BL photodegradation (92%) is achieved for a concentration of 5 mg/L and a catalyst dose of 0.75 gL-1 at free pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Boutra
- Laboratory of Storage and Valorization of Renewable Energies, USTHB, Algiers BP 32, Algeria E-mail: ; ; Unité de Développement des Equipements Solaires, UDES/Centre de Développement des Energies Renouvelables, CDER, Bou Ismail, W. Tipaza 42415, Algeria and Laboratory of Reaction Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering USTHB, Algiers BP 32, Algeria
| | - M Trari
- Laboratory of Storage and Valorization of Renewable Energies, USTHB, Algiers BP 32, Algeria E-mail: ;
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Kumar A, Shalini, Sharma G, Naushad M, Kumar A, Kalia S, Guo C, Mola GT. Facile hetero-assembly of superparamagnetic Fe3O4/BiVO4 stacked on biochar for solar photo-degradation of methyl paraben and pesticide removal from soil. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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