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Wiedemann J, Kashgari G, Lane S, Leonard BC, Knickelbein KE, Andersen B, Jester JV. The effects of age and dysfunction on meibomian gland population dynamics. Ocul Surf 2024; 34:194-209. [PMID: 39122180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE While meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is widely recognized as a major cause of evaporative dry eye disease, little is known about normal gland differentiation and lipid synthesis or the mechanism underlying gland atrophy and abnormal lipid secretion. The purpose of this study was to use single-cell and spatial transcriptomics to probe changes in cell composition, differentiation, and gene expression associated with two murine models of MGD: age-related gland atrophy in wild-type mice and altered meibum quality in acyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase 2 (Awat2) knockout (KO) mice. METHODS Young (6 month) and old (22 month) wild type, C57Bl/6 mice and young (3 month) and old (13 month) Awat2 KO mice were used in these studies. For single-cell analysis, the tarsal plate was dissected from the upper and lower eyelids, and single cells isolated and submitted to the UCI Genomic Core, while for the spatial analysis frozen tissue sections were shipped to Resolve Biosciences on dry ice and sections probed in duplicate using a meibomian gland specific, 100 gene Molecular Chartography panel. RESULTS Analysis of gene expression patterns identified the stratified expression of lipogenic genes during meibocyte differentiation, which may control the progressive synthesis of meibum lipids; an age-related decrease in meibocytes; and increased immune cell infiltration. Additionally, we detected unique immune cell populations in the Awat2 KO mouse suggesting activation of psoriasis-like, inflammatory pathways perhaps caused by ductal dilation and hyperplasia. CONCLUSION Together these findings support novel mechanism controlling gland function and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Wiedemann
- Mathematical, Computational and Systems Biology (MCSB) Program, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ghaidaa Kashgari
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Shelley Lane
- Department of Ophthalmology and Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Brian C Leonard
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kelly E Knickelbein
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Bogi Andersen
- Mathematical, Computational and Systems Biology (MCSB) Program, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - James V Jester
- Department of Ophthalmology and Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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Morgan PB, Efron N, Papas E, Barnett M, Carnt N, Dutta D, Hepworth A, Little JA, Nagra M, Pult H, Schweizer H, Shen Lee B, Subbaraman LN, Sulley A, Thompson A, Webster A, Markoulli M. BCLA CLEAR Presbyopia: Management with contact lenses and spectacles. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2024; 47:102158. [PMID: 38631935 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2024.102158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This paper seeks to outline the history, market situation, clinical management and product performance related to the correction of presbyopia with both contact lenses and spectacles. The history of the development of various optical forms of presbyopic correction are reviewed, and an overview is presented of the current market status of contact lenses and spectacles. Clinical considerations in the fitting and aftercare of presbyopic contact lens and spectacle lens wearers are presented, with general recommendations for best practice. Current options for contact lens correction of presbyopia include soft simultaneous, rigid translating and rigid simultaneous designs, in addition to monovision. Spectacle options include single vision lenses, bifocal lenses and a range of progressive addition lenses. The comparative performance of both contact lens and spectacle lens options is presented. With a significant proportion of the global population now being presbyopic, this overview is particularly timely and is designed to act as a guide for researchers, industry and eyecare practitioners alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip B Morgan
- Eurolens Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Nathan Efron
- Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eric Papas
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Nicole Carnt
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Debarun Dutta
- Optometry and Vision Science Research Group, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Hepworth
- EssilorLuxottica Europe North, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Julie-Anne Little
- Centre for Optometry and Vision Science, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom
| | - Manbir Nagra
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, ARU, Young Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Heiko Pult
- Dr Heiko Pult - Optometry and Vision Research, Weinheim, Germany
| | - Helmer Schweizer
- CEO Helmer Schweizer Consulting Group (HSCG), Bassersdorf, Switzerland
| | - Bridgitte Shen Lee
- Vision Optique and Ocular Aesthetics dba Ocular Clinical Trials, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Anna Sulley
- CooperVision International Ltd, Chandlers Ford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Maria Markoulli
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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3
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Rajan R, Makrai E, Lee JH, Singh S, Chinnery HR, Downie LE. Evaluating the efficacy and safety of therapeutic interventions for corneal neuropathy: A systematic review. Ocul Surf 2024; 33:80-98. [PMID: 38688453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Corneal neuropathy involves corneal nerve damage that disrupts ocular surface integrity, negatively impacting quality-of-life from pain and impaired vision. Any ocular or systemic condition that damages the trigeminal nerve can lead to corneal neuropathy. However, the condition currently does not have standardized diagnostic criteria or treatment protocols. The primary aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of interventions for treating corneal neuropathy. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated corneal neuropathy treatments were eligible if the intervention(s) was compared to a placebo or active comparator. Comprehensive searches were conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase and clinical trial registries from inception to July 2022. The Cochrane Risk-of-Bias 2 tool was used to assess study methodological quality. Certainty of the body of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Overall, 20 RCTs were included. Evaluated interventions comprised regenerative therapies (n = 6 studies), dietary supplements (n = 4), anti-glycemic agents (n = 3), combination therapy (n = 3), supportive therapies (n = 2) and systemic pain pharmacotherapies (n = 2). Nine RCTs were judged at high risk of bias for most outcomes. Definitions for corneal neuropathy in the populations varied substantially across studies, consistent with lack of consensus on diagnostic criteria. A diverse range of outcomes were quantified, likely reflecting absence of an agreed core outcome set. There was insufficient evidence to draw definitive conclusions on the efficacy or safety of any intervention. There was low or very low certainty evidence for several neuroregenerative agents and dietary supplements for improving corneal nerve fiber length in corneal neuropathy due to dry eye disease and diabetes. Low or very low certainty evidence was found for neuroregenerative therapies and dietary supplements not altering corneal immune cell density. This review identifies a need to standardize the clinical definition of corneal neuropathy and define a minimum set of core outcome measures. Together, this will provide a foundation for improved phenotyping of clinical populations in studies, and improve the capacity to synthesize data to inform evidence-based care. Protocol registration: PROSPERO ID: CRD42022348475.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Rajan
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eve Makrai
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sumeer Singh
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Holly R Chinnery
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura E Downie
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
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Akpek EK, Sheppard JD, Hamm A, Angstmann-Mehr S, Krösser S. Efficacy of a new water-free topical cyclosporine 0.1% solution for optimizing the ocular surface in patients with dry eye and cataract. J Cataract Refract Surg 2024; 50:644-650. [PMID: 38334413 PMCID: PMC11146174 DOI: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000001423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
This is a pooled analysis from 2 phase III clinical trials investigating a water-free topical cyclosporine 0.1% for the treatment of moderate to severe dry eye. The analyses included 1162 patients: 35% with cataract, 20% with pseudophakia, and 45% without cataract. Demographics or baseline characteristics were comparable across groups except for age and vision. The cyclosporine-treated patients achieved large mean improvements from baseline by day 15: -3.7 in patients without cataract, -3.2 in patients with cataract, and -3.1 in pseudophakic patients. These improvements were statistically significantly higher compared with the respective vehicle groups. In the cataract subgroup, 59% of patients treated with cyclosporine achieved ≥3 grade improvements in corneal staining score, as early as day 15. The magnitude of the effect and early onset of action make this new cyclosporine solution a promising candidate for preoperative management of ocular surface in patients undergoing cataract surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esen K. Akpek
- From the The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Akpek); Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, Virginia (Sheppard); Statistics & Data Corporation, Tempe, Arizona (Hamm); Novaliq GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany (Angstmann-Mehr, Krösser)
| | - John D. Sheppard
- From the The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Akpek); Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, Virginia (Sheppard); Statistics & Data Corporation, Tempe, Arizona (Hamm); Novaliq GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany (Angstmann-Mehr, Krösser)
| | - Adam Hamm
- From the The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Akpek); Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, Virginia (Sheppard); Statistics & Data Corporation, Tempe, Arizona (Hamm); Novaliq GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany (Angstmann-Mehr, Krösser)
| | - Simone Angstmann-Mehr
- From the The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Akpek); Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, Virginia (Sheppard); Statistics & Data Corporation, Tempe, Arizona (Hamm); Novaliq GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany (Angstmann-Mehr, Krösser)
| | - Sonja Krösser
- From the The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Akpek); Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, Virginia (Sheppard); Statistics & Data Corporation, Tempe, Arizona (Hamm); Novaliq GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany (Angstmann-Mehr, Krösser)
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Takezawa Y, Kamon M, Hiraki-Kamon K, Mitani A, Shiraishi A, Kato H. Experimental interventions attenuate a conjunctival epidermal metaplasia model. Exp Eye Res 2024; 243:109916. [PMID: 38679224 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The conjunctiva is a non-keratinized, stratified columnar epithelium with characteristics different from the cornea and eyelid epidermis. From development to adulthood, a distinguishing feature of ocular versus epidermal epithelia is the expression of the master regulator PAX6. A conditionally immortalized conjunctival epithelial cell line (iHCjEC) devoid of stromal or immune cells established in our laboratory spontaneously manifested epidermal metaplasia and upregulated expression of the keratinization-related genes SPRR1A/B and the epidermal cytokeratins KRT1 and KRT10 at the expense of the conjunctival trait. In addition, iHCjEC indicated a significant decrease in PAX6 expression. Dry eye syndrome (DES) and severe ocular surface diseases, such as Sjögren's syndrome and Stevens-Johnson syndrome, cause the keratinization of the entire ocular surface epithelia. We used iHCjECs as a conjunctiva epidermal metaplasia model to test PAX6, serum, and glucocorticoid interventions. Reintroducing PAX6 to iHCjECs resulted in upregulating genes related to cell adhesion and tight junctions, including MIR200CHG and CLDN1. The administration of glucocorticoids or serum resulted in the downregulation of epidermal genes (DSG1, SPRR1A/B, and KRT1) and partially corrected epidermal metaplasia. Our results using an isolated conjunctival epidermal metaplasia model point toward the possibility of rationally "repurposing" clinical interventions, such as glucocorticoid, serum, or PAX6 administration, for treating epidermal metaplasia of the conjunctiva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Takezawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.
| | - Masayoshi Kamon
- Department of Developmental Biology and Functional Genomics, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Keiko Hiraki-Kamon
- Department of Developmental Biology and Functional Genomics, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Arisa Mitani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shiraishi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Kato
- Department of Developmental Biology and Functional Genomics, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Japan.
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Hsu CC, Chuang HK, Hsiao YJ, Chiang PH, Chen SW, Luo WT, Yang YP, Tsai PH, Chen SJ, Hsieh AR, Chiou SH. Predicting Risks of Dry Eye Disease Development Using a Genome-Wide Polygenic Risk Score Model. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2024; 13:13. [PMID: 38767906 PMCID: PMC11114613 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.5.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to conduct a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) and construct a polygenic risk score (PRS) for risk stratification in patients with dry eye disease (DED) using the Taiwan Biobank (TWB) databases. Methods This retrospective case-control study involved 40,112 subjects of Han Chinese ancestry, sourced from the publicly available TWB. Cases were patients with DED (n = 14,185), and controls were individuals without DED (n = 25,927). The patients with DED were further divided into 8072 young (<60 years old) and 6113 old participants (≥60 years old). Using PLINK (version 1.9) software, quality control was carried out, followed by logistic regression analysis with adjustments for sex, age, body mass index, depression, and manic episodes as covariates. We also built PRS prediction models using the standard clumping and thresholding method and evaluated their performance (area under the curve [AUC]) through five-fold cross-validation. Results Eleven independent risk loci were identified for these patients with DED at the genome-wide significance levels, including DNAJB6, MAML3, LINC02267, DCHS1, SIRPB3P, HULC, MUC16, GAS2L3, and ZFPM2. Among these, MUC16 encodes mucin family protein. The PRS model incorporated 932 and 740 genetic loci for young and old populations, respectively. A higher PRS score indicated a greater DED risk, with the top 5% of PRS individuals having a 10-fold higher risk. After integrating these covariates into the PRS model, the area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) increased from 0.509 and 0.537 to 0.600 and 0.648 for young and old populations, respectively, demonstrating the genetic-environmental interaction. Conclusions Our study prompts potential candidates for the mechanism of DED and paves the way for more personalized medication in the future. Translational Relevance Our study identified genes related to DED and constructed a PRS model to improve DED prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chien Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Kai Chuang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jer Hsiao
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Hsuan Chiang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Wen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Luo
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsing Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Ru Hsieh
- Department of Statistics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Numa K, Patel SK, Zhang ZA, Burton JB, Matsumoto A, Hughes JWB, Sotozono C, Schilling B, Desprez PY, Campisi J, Kitazawa K. Senescent characteristics of human corneal endothelial cells upon ultraviolet-A exposure. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:6673-6693. [PMID: 38683123 PMCID: PMC11087119 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to investigate the senescent phenotypes of human corneal endothelial cells (hCEnCs) upon treatment with ultraviolet (UV)-A. METHODS We assessed cell morphology, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, cell proliferation and expression of senescence markers (p16 and p21) in hCEnCs exposed to UV-A radiation, and senescent hCEnCs induced by ionizing radiation (IR) were used as positive controls. We performed RNA sequencing and proteomics analyses to compare gene and protein expression profiles between UV-A- and IR-induced senescent hCEnCs, and we also compared the results to non-senescent hCEnCs. RESULTS Cells exposed to 5 J/cm2 of UV-A or to IR exhibited typical senescent phenotypes, including enlargement, increased SA-β-gal activity, decreased cell proliferation and elevated expression of p16 and p21. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that 83.9% of the genes significantly upregulated and 82.6% of the genes significantly downregulated in UV-A-induced senescent hCEnCs overlapped with the genes regulated in IR-induced senescent hCEnCs. Proteomics also revealed that 93.8% of the proteins significantly upregulated in UV-A-induced senescent hCEnCs overlapped with those induced by IR. In proteomics analyses, senescent hCEnCs induced by UV-A exhibited elevated expression levels of several factors part of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. CONCLUSIONS In this study, where senescence was induced by UV-A, a more physiological stress for hCEnCs compared to IR, we determined that UV-A modulated the expression of many genes and proteins typically altered upon IR treatment, a more conventional method of senescence induction, even though UV-A also modulated specific pathways unrelated to IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohsaku Numa
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | - Sandip Kumar Patel
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK
| | | | | | - Akifumi Matsumoto
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | | | - Chie Sotozono
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | | | - Pierre-Yves Desprez
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- California Pacific Medical Center, Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Koji Kitazawa
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
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Tomioka Y, Kitazawa K, Numa K, Hughes JWB, Yokoi N, Sotozono C. The existence of senescent cells in conjunctival epithelium from elderly individuals. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2024; 68:157-165. [PMID: 38311689 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-023-01047-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The ocular surface microenvironment changes with aging. However, it remains unclear if cellular senescence influences the ocular surface. We investigated the presence of p16INK4a-expressing senescent cells in healthy human conjunctiva. STUDY DESIGN Clinical and experimental. METHODS Healthy conjunctival tissue samples were obtained from middle-aged and elderly subjects. RT-qPCR was performed to assess the expression of senescence markers CDKN2A (p16INK4a) and CDKN1A (p21CIP1/WAF1) and immunostaining was performed to examine the expression of the senescence marker p16INK4a, stem cell markers Ki67 and p63, tight-junction marker ZO-1. RESULTS Our study involved 19 conjunctival tissue samples (10 elderly and 9 middle-aged), mean age [elderly: 75.8 ± 3.7 years (72-81), middle-aged: 52.7 ± 7 years (38-59)], sex (elderly: 3 men, 7 women; middle-aged: 3 men, 6 women). The expression of p16INK4a was significantly increased at the RNA level in the elderly compared to middle-aged (p < 0.05). Positivity rate of p16INK4a was significantly elevated in the elderly (15.0 ± 7.8%) compared to middle-aged (0.2 ± 0.6%) (p < 0.05). Positivity rate of Ki67and p63 was significantly reduced in the elderly (1.7 ± 1.7% and 16.5 ± 9.5%) compared to middle-aged (3.9 ± 1.8% and 24.7 ± 5.7%) (p < 0.05). ZO-1 expression was reduced in tissue samples showing p16INK4a-positivity but retained in tissue samples in which p16INK4a was undetectable. CONCLUSIONS Senescent cells accumulate with age in the conjunctival epithelium, accompanied by a decrease in Ki67, p63 and ZO-1 expressing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Tomioka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Hirokoji-agaru, Kawaramachi-dori, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-0841, Japan
| | - Koji Kitazawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Hirokoji-agaru, Kawaramachi-dori, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-0841, Japan.
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
| | - Kohsaku Numa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Hirokoji-agaru, Kawaramachi-dori, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-0841, Japan
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | | | - Norihiko Yokoi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Hirokoji-agaru, Kawaramachi-dori, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-0841, Japan
| | - Chie Sotozono
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Hirokoji-agaru, Kawaramachi-dori, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-0841, Japan
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Wu CY, Song DF, Chen ZJ, Hu CS, Lin DPC, Chang HH. Absence of the Klotho Function Causes Cornea Degeneration with Specific Features Resembling Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy and Bullous Keratopathy. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:133. [PMID: 38534403 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The Klotho loss-of-function mutation is known to cause accelerated senescence in many organs, but its effects on the cornea have not been published. The present study aims to investigate the effects of the Klotho null mutation on cornea degeneration and to characterize the pathological features. Mouse corneas of Klotho homozygous, heterozygous, and wild-type mice at 8 weeks of age for both genders were subject to pathological and immunohistological examinations. The results show an irregular topography on the corneal surface with a Klotho null mutation. Histological examinations revealed a reduced corneal epithelial cell density, endothelial cell-shedding, and decreased cornea stromal layer thickness in the absence of the Klotho function. Furthermore, guttae formation and the desquamation of wing cells were significantly increased, which was comparable to the characteristics of Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy and bullous keratopathy. The mechanism analysis showed multi-fold abnormalities, including oxidative stress-induced cornea epithelium apoptosis and inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling in the stroma, and a disruption of epithelial repair, presumably through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In conclusion, cornea degeneration was observed in the Klotho loss-of-function mutant mice. These pathological features support the use of Klotho mutant mice for investigating age-related cornea anomalies, including Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, bullous keratopathy, and dry eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yen Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Da-Fong Song
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Jia Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Sheng Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - David Pei-Cheng Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Han-Hsin Chang
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
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Tang Y, Fang C, Shi J, Chen H, Chen X, Yao X. Antioxidant potential of chlorogenic acid in Age-Related eye diseases. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1162. [PMID: 38189160 PMCID: PMC10772849 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important mechanism of aging, and in turn, aging can also aggravate oxidative stress, which leads to a vicious cycle. In the process of the brain converting light into visual signals, the eye is stimulated by harmful blue-light radiation directly. Thus, the eye is especially vulnerable to oxidative stress and becomes one of the organs most seriously involved during the aging process. Cataracts, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy (DR), and dry eye are inextricably linked to the aging process and oxidative stress. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) has been demonstrated to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and its validity has been established experimentally in numerous fields, including cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, cancers, and other chronic diseases. There has previously been evidence of CGA's therapeutic effect in the field of ophthalmopathy. Considering that many ophthalmic drugs lead to systemic side effects, CGA may act as a natural exogenous antioxidant for patients to take regularly, controlling their condition while minimizing side effects. In this paper, in vitro and in vivo studies of CGA in the treatment of age-related eye diseases are reviewed, and the prospects of CGA's antioxidant application for the eye are discussed. The aim of this review is to summarize the relevant knowledge and provide theoretical support for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- Department of OphthalmologyThe First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
- Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Chi Fang
- Department of Scientific ResearchThe First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Jian Shi
- Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Huimei Chen
- Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of OphthalmologyThe First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
- Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Xiaolei Yao
- Department of OphthalmologyThe First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
- Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
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11
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Yang CJ, Anand A, Huang CC, Lai JY. Unveiling the Power of Gabapentin-Loaded Nanoceria with Multiple Therapeutic Capabilities for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease. ACS NANO 2023; 17:25118-25135. [PMID: 38051575 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Dry eye (DE) disease, which is primarily linked to aqueous deficiency, is an escalating health issue worldwide, mainly due to the widespread use of electronic devices. The major obstacles in DE pharmacotherapy include insufficient therapeutic efficacy and low ocular bioavailability. This study presents the development of a ceria-based nanosystem to carry gabapentin (GBT), aiming to offer comprehensive relief from DE symptoms. We prepared multifunctional nanoceria capped with thiolated gelatin followed by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde, yielding a nanocarrier with desirable biocompatibility and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, antiapoptotic, and neuronal protective activities. Specifically, the highly abundant thiol groups on gelatin increased the cellular uptake of the nanocarrier by 2.3-fold and its mucin-binding efficiency by 10-fold, thereby extending ocular retention and amplifying therapeutic activity. Moderate cross-linking of the thiolated gelatin not only enhanced the ocular bioavailability of the nanoceria but also provided slow, degradation-controlled release of GBT to promote the lacrimal stimulation to restore the tear film. In a rabbit model of DE, topical administration of our GBT/nanoceria nanoformulation resulted in comprehensive alleviation of symptoms, including repairing corneal epithelial damage, preserving corneal nerve density, and stimulating tear secretion, demonstrating superior performance in comparison to the free drug. These results underscore the safety and potential of this innovative nanoformulation for DE pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Jung Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Anisha Anand
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Huang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Yang Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
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12
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Hao Y, Jin T, Zhu L, Zhao M, Wang S, Li Z, Tian L, Jie Y. Validation of the phenol red thread test in a Chinese population. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:498. [PMID: 38062441 PMCID: PMC10701964 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03250-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the validation of phenol red thread (PRT) test in a Chinese population by evaluating the intraobserver repeatability and interobserver reproducibility, determining correlations between the PRT test and other dry eye disease (DED) parameters including tear meniscus height (TMH) and Schirmer I test, and testing the accuracy of diagnosing DED when using the PRT test alone. METHODS A total of 108 eyes were involved in this prospective and diagnostic study, and were divided into two groups (with and without DED). Each subject underwent a series of ocular surface examinations, including Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, non-invasive tear breakup time (NIBUT), tear meniscus height (TMH) assessment, PRT test, fluorescein tear breakup time (FBUT), corneal fluorescein staining and Schirmer I test. RESULTS In the experimental group and the control group, the intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) of the repeatability were 0.747 and 0.723, respectively (all P < 0.05). The ICCs of the reproducibility in both groups were 0.588 and 0.610, respectively (all P < 0.05). The PRT test correlated weakly with the Schirmer I test and the tear meniscus height, with Spearman coefficients of 0.385 and 0.306, respectively (all P < 0.05). The PRT test is available to diagnose DED, with an area under the curve of 0.806 and a Youden index of 0.556 at the cutoff point of 8.83 mm. CONCLUSIONS The PRT test can provide patients a comfortable, timesaving and less irritating approach to screening and diagnosing DED compared to Schirmer I test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Hao
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Tao Jin
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mengnan Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Silu Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhongying Li
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University and Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ying Jie
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, China.
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13
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Wang X, Wu Y, Zhao F, Sun W, Pang C, Sun X, Zang S. Subjective dry eye symptoms and associated factors among the national general population in China during the COVID-19 pandemic: A network analysis. J Glob Health 2023; 13:06052. [PMID: 38038375 PMCID: PMC10691301 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.06052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented numerous challenges to public health, including the emergence of subjective dry eye symptoms among individuals. However, there is currently a dearth of comprehensive knowledge regarding the associated factors with subjective dry eye symptoms in the general population. Methods A nationwide survey in China was carried out from 20 June to 31 August 2022, involving 21 916 participants. Subjective dry eye symptoms were assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index-6. We employed random forest classification to select potential associated factors based on the socioecological model. We also conducted univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses to explore the factors associated with subjective dry eye symptoms. Network analyses were employed to explore the network structure of subjective dry eye symptoms and associated factors. Results The item "watching TV (or similar task)" displayed the highest node strength and exhibited the highest predictability within the network. The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated significant associations between subjective dry eye symptoms and several factors, including loneliness (odds ratio (OR) = 1.29; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.26 to 1.32), problematic Internet use (OR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.08 to 1.09), family communication (OR = 1.01; 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.01), the presence of depression (OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.39 to 1.68) and anxiety (OR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.17 to 1.47) symptoms, older age (OR = 1.01; 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.01), self-rated health status (OR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.98 to 0.99), family health (OR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.96 to 0.97), health literacy (OR = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.97 to 0.99) and the agreeableness personality trait (OR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.95 to 0.99). Conclusions These findings have important implications for public health interventions targeting the prevention and management of subjective dry eye symptoms in the general population. Strategies addressing individual risk factors and supporting psychological well-being may prove beneficial in mitigating the burden associated with subjective dry eye symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangkun Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chang Pang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuange Sun
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuang Zang
- Department of Community Nursing, School of Nursing, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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14
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Kim CK, Carter S, Kim C, Shooshani T, Mehta U, Marshall K, Smith RG, Knezevic A, Rao K, Lee OL, Farid M. Risk Factors for Meibomian Gland Disease Assessed by Meibography. Clin Ophthalmol 2023; 17:3331-3339. [PMID: 37937186 PMCID: PMC10627068 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s428468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To elucidate risk factors for meibomian gland disease (MGD) and understand associated changes in meibography and in relation to ocular surface disease. Patients and Methods As part of the standard workup for ocular surface disease at a tertiary academic center, 203 patients received an ocular history and lifestyle questionnaire. The questionnaire included detailed inquiries about ocular health and lifestyle, including makeup use, cosmetic eyelid procedures, screen time, and contact lens habits. Subjects also took the standardized patient evaluation of eye dryness (SPEED) II questionnaire. Meibomian gland (MG) dropout and structural changes were evaluated on meibography and scored by three independent graders using meiboscores. Statistical analysis was conducted to identify significant risk factors associated with MG loss. Results This retrospective, cross-sectional study included 189 patients (378 eyes) with high-quality images for grading, and the average age was 67 years (77% female). Patients older than 45 years had significantly more dropout than younger patients (p < 0.01). Self-reported eye makeup use did not significantly impact MG loss. Patients with a history of blepharoplasty trended toward higher meiboscores, but the difference was not statistically significant. Self-reported screen time did not affect meiboscores. Contact lens use over 20 years was associated with significant MG loss (p < 0.05). SPEED II scores had no relationship to meiboscores (p = 0.75). Conclusion Older age is a significant risk factor for MG loss. Any contact lens use over 20 years also impacted MG dropout. Highlighting the incongruence of symptoms to signs, SPEED II scores showed no relationship to the structural integrity of MGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine K Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, 1001 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Steven Carter
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Miramar Eye Specialists Medical Group, Ventura, CA, 93003, USA
| | - Cinthia Kim
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Tara Shooshani
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, 1001 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Urmi Mehta
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- St John’s Episcopal Hospital, Far Rockaway, NY, 11691, USA
| | - Kailey Marshall
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Ryan G Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, 1001 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Pacific Eye Institute, Upland, CA 91786, USA
| | - Alexander Knezevic
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Macy Eye Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- Jules Stein Eye Institute at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kavita Rao
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, 1001 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Olivia L Lee
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Marjan Farid
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 850 Health Sciences Rd, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
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15
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Lamas M. Epigenetic mechanisms of non-retinal components of the aging eye and novel therapeutic strategies. Exp Eye Res 2023; 236:109673. [PMID: 37802281 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The eye is a complex organ composed of various cell types, each serving a unique purpose. However, aging brings about structural and functional changes in these cells, leading to discomfort and potential pathology. Alterations in gene expression, influenced by aging and environmental factors, significantly affect cell structure and function. Epigenetics, a field focused on understanding the correlation between changes in gene expression, cell function, and environmental factors, plays a crucial role in unraveling the molecular events responsible for age-related eye changes. This prompts the possibility of developing epigenetic strategies to intervene in these changes or reinstate proper molecular activities. Indeed, research has demonstrated that epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs, are closely associated with age-related alterations in gene expression and cell function. This review aims to compile and synthesize the most recent body of evidence supporting the role of epigenetics in age-related alterations observed in various components of the eye. Specifically, it focuses on the impact of epigenetic changes in the ocular surface, tear film, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, and lens. Furthermore, it highlights the significant advancements that have been made in the field of epigenetic-based experimental therapies, specifically focusing on their potential for treating pathological conditions in the aging eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Lamas
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, CINVESTAV-Sede Sur, Centro de Investigación sobre el Envejecimiento, CINVESTAV Sede Sur, Calzada de los Tenorios 235, CDMX, Mexico.
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16
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Sakisaka T, Iwasaki T, Ono T, Ueda K, Nejima R, Mori Y, Noguchi Y, Yagi A, Shoji N, Miyata K. Changes in the preoperative ocular surface flora with an increase in patient age: A surveillance analysis of bacterial diversity and resistance to fluoroquinolone. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:3231-3239. [PMID: 37261513 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study analyzed the relationship between patient age and the prevalence and fluoroquinolone susceptibility of gram-positive cocci from the ocular surface flora before ophthalmic surgery. METHODS This surveillance study included scraped samples from the conjunctival sac of 8923 eyes of 5490 patients (70.0 ± 13.7 years) without ocular infection before ophthalmologic surgery between August 2018 and December 2020. A review of microbiological records regarding patient age was used to determine the number of isolates and gram-positive species obtained, as well as their fluoroquinolone susceptibility. Fluoroquinolone susceptibility was determined using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocols of broth microdilution. Statistical analysis was performed using a generalized additive model and a log-linear model. RESULTS In total, 9,894 bacterial isolates obtained from scraped samples from the patients were analyzed. The detected species were Staphylococcus epidermidis (31.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (6.1%), Staphylococcus lugdunensis (3.9%), Enterococcus faecalis (5.8%), Corynebacterium species (31.7%), and Cutibacterium acnes (7.5%) and others. The number of species isolated from the ocular surface was increased at the rate of 1.018 per 10 years of age (p < 0.0001). S. epidermidis, S. lugdunensis, E. faecalis, and Corynebacterium species were isolated more often with an increase in patient age. The levofloxacin resistance ratio of methicillin-sensitive S. epidermidis and Corynebacterium species increased at the rate of 1.204 and 1.087 respectively with a 10-year increase in age (both p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Gram-positive bacteria in the ocular surface flora (OSF) exhibited gradual changes in diversity and fluoroquinolone resistance with an increase in patient age. It is important to monitor the OSF of the patients before ophthalmologic surgery to prevent refractory ocular postoperative infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Sakisaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3 Kurahara, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan.
| | - Takuya Iwasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3 Kurahara, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
| | - Takashi Ono
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3 Kurahara, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Koji Ueda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3 Kurahara, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nejima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3 Kurahara, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
| | - Yosai Mori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3 Kurahara, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
| | - Yukari Noguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3 Kurahara, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
| | - Akiko Yagi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3 Kurahara, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shoji
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Kazunori Miyata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3 Kurahara, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
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17
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Kitazawa K, Matsumoto A, Numa K, Tomioka Y, Zhang ZA, Yamashita Y, Sotozono C, Desprez PY, Campisi J. Gene expression signatures of human senescent corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:9238-9249. [PMID: 37770232 PMCID: PMC10564427 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the senescent phenotypes of human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. METHODS We examined cell morphology, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, cell proliferation, and expression of senescence markers (p16 and p21). RNA sequencing analysis was conducted to compare gene expression profiles between senescent and non-senescent cells. Finally, the potential involvement of senescent cells in the pathogenesis of ocular surface diseases was investigated. RESULTS X-irradiated corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells exhibited typical senescence phenotypes, i.e., flattened morphologies, increased SA-β-gal activity, decreased cell proliferation, and increased expression of senescence markers, p16 and p21. RNA-seq analysis revealed substantial differences in gene expression profiles between senescent corneal (SCo) and conjunctival epithelial cells (SCj). Moreover, SCj were detected in pathological conjunctival tissues associated with limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) due to Stevens-Johnson syndrome or chemical burns, potentially being involved in abnormal differentiation. CONCLUSION This study highlights the cellular and molecular characteristics of senescent ocular surface cells, particularly in SCj that show abnormal keratin expression, and their potential roles in severe ocular surface diseases and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Kitazawa
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | - Akifumi Matsumoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | - Kohsaku Numa
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Tomioka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | | | - Yohei Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | - Chie Sotozono
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | | | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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18
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Liu J, Si H, Huang D, Lu D, Zou S, Qi D, Pei X, Huang S, Li Z. Mechanisms of Extraorbital Lacrimal Gland Aging in Mice: An Integrative Analysis of the Temporal Transcriptome. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:18. [PMID: 37695604 PMCID: PMC10501490 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.12.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study used high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and bioinformatics analysis to investigate the altered transcriptome profile of aging lacrimal glands in mice that occurs over the course of a 24-hour cycle. Methods Male C57BL/6J mice aged 12 weeks (young) and 20 months (aging) were housed in a pathogen-free setting with a 12-hour light/12-hour dark cycle. Throughout a 24-hour cycle, mouse extraorbital lacrimal glands (ELGs) were collected at eight time points at three-hour intervals. To prepare for the high-throughput RNA-Seq, whole mRNA was extracted. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the young and aging groups were subjected to bioinformatic analysis based on diurnal patterns. Furthermore, the cell populations in which significant DEGs express and signaling pathways occur were validated at the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) level. Results The total transcriptome composition was significantly altered in aging ELGs compared with that in young mouse ELGs at eight time points during the 24-hour cycle, with 864 upregulated and 228 downregulated DEGs, which were primarily enriched in inflammatory pathways. Further comparative analysis of the point-to-point transcriptome revealed that aging ELGs underwent alterations in the temporal transcriptome profile in several pathways, including the inflammation-related, metabolism-related, mitochondrial bioenergetic function-associated, synaptome neural activity-associated, cell processes-associated, DNA processing-associated and fibrosis-associated pathways. Most of these pathways occurred separately in distinct cell populations. Conclusions Transcriptome profiles of aging lacrimal glands undergo considerable diurnal time-dependent changes; this finding offers a comprehensive source of information to better understand the pathophysiology of lacrimal gland aging and its underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangman Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongli Si
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Duliurui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dingli Lu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sen Zou
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Di Qi
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Pei
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shenzhen Huang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, and Henan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
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19
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Butovich IA, Wilkerson A, Yuksel S. Dysregulation of Lipid Metabolism in Aging Meibomian Glands and Its Molecular Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13512. [PMID: 37686319 PMCID: PMC10488057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The main function of exocrine Meibomian glands (MGs) is to produce a lipid-rich secretion called meibum which plays a critical role in maintaining the ocular surface homeostasis of humans and most mammals. The chemical composition of meibum, and its quantity produced by MGs, largely determine whether it can fulfill its role successfully. Aging was frequently associated with the onset of various MG-related pathologies. The goal of this study was to determine how aging affects the chemical composition and quantity of meibum in mice, and identify possible molecular markers of aging. Unbiased, untargeted and targeted lipidomic evaluation of mouse MG lipids was conducted using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry, and the results were analyzed using Principal Component, Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant, and Partial Least Square Discriminant Analyses. We found that aging leads to dysregulation of lipid metabolism in MGs, changing the ratios of major classes of MG lipids (such as wax esters, triacylglycerols, and phospholipids) in a progressive manner. Several lipid species that belong to these groups of MG lipids are proposed as clear markers of aging in a mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A. Butovich
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9057, USA; (A.W.); (S.Y.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9057, USA
| | - Amber Wilkerson
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9057, USA; (A.W.); (S.Y.)
| | - Seher Yuksel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9057, USA; (A.W.); (S.Y.)
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20
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Navarro-Lopez S, Moya-Ramón M, Gallar J, Carracedo G, Aracil-Marco A. Effects of physical activity/exercise on tear film characteristics and dry eye associated symptoms: A literature review. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2023; 46:101854. [PMID: 37173175 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2023.101854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To conduct a review of the literature in order to identify the potential association between physical activity or exercise and the objective signs and/or subjective symptoms of dry-eye disease. METHODS A review of PubMed and Web of Science databases was performed, according to the PRISMA guidelines. The papers included in the review addressed the relationship of physical activity or exercise with dry-eye associated signs (changes in tear volume, osmolarity or biochemical composition) and/or subjective symptoms. RESULTS A total of 16 papers were included. In eight, the changes in tear film volume, osmolarity and/or biochemical composition were studied after a single, acute bout of aerobic exercise. In another eight, changes in dry-eye associated symptoms were studied in relation to the habitual practice of physical activity or to prescribed exercise programmes. Acute responses of the tear film to exercise included: a) an increase of tear volume, without an increase of the tear break-up time; b) a trend to increase tear osmolarity, although within its physiological range; and c) a reduced concentration of several cytokines, and other molecular markers of inflammation or oxidative stress. Long-term exposure to physical activity or exercise programmes was associated with relief of dry-eye associated symptoms and a trend to increased tear break-up time. CONCLUSIONS Despite a high heterogeneity in the studied population, study designs and methods, the current body of evidence suggests a potential role for physical activity as a modulatory stimulus for the proper functioning of the tear film and/or the relief of dry-eye symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Moya-Ramón
- Department of Sports Sciences, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Sanitaria de Alicante (ISABIAL), Spain
| | - Juana Gallar
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Sanitaria de Alicante (ISABIAL), Spain; Instituto de Neurociencias, UMH-CSIC, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Carracedo
- Ocupharm Research Group, Department of Optometry and Vision, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo Aracil-Marco
- Department of Sports Sciences, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica y Sanitaria de Alicante (ISABIAL), Spain; Instituto de Neurociencias, UMH-CSIC, Spain.
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21
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Rafael D, Guerrero M, Marican A, Arango D, Sarmento B, Ferrer R, Durán-Lara EF, Clark SJ, Schwartz S. Delivery Systems in Ocular Retinopathies: The Promising Future of Intravitreal Hydrogels as Sustained-Release Scaffolds. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051484. [PMID: 37242726 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Slow-release delivery systems are needed to ensure long-term sustained treatments for retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, which are currently treated with anti-angiogenic agents that require frequent intraocular injections. These can cause serious co-morbidities for the patients and are far from providing the adequate drug/protein release rates and required pharmacokinetics to sustain prolonged efficacy. This review focuses on the use of hydrogels, particularly on temperature-responsive hydrogels as delivery vehicles for the intravitreal injection of retinal therapies, their advantages and disadvantages for intraocular administration, and the current advances in their use to treat retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rafael
- Drug Delivery & Targeting, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Functional Validation & Preclinical Research (FVPR), 20 ICTS Nanbiosis, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcelo Guerrero
- Bio & Nano Materials Lab, Drug Delivery and Controlled Release, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Center for Nanomedicine, Diagnostic & Drug Development (ND3), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Adolfo Marican
- Bio & Nano Materials Lab, Drug Delivery and Controlled Release, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Center for Nanomedicine, Diagnostic & Drug Development (ND3), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Diego Arango
- Group of Biomedical Research in Digestive Tract Tumors, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Group of Molecular Oncology, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação, Saúde Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Roser Ferrer
- Clinical Biochemistry Group, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esteban F Durán-Lara
- Bio & Nano Materials Lab, Drug Delivery and Controlled Release, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
- Center for Nanomedicine, Diagnostic & Drug Development (ND3), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Simon J Clark
- Department for Ophthalmology, University Eye Clinic, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Simo Schwartz
- Drug Delivery & Targeting, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Biochemistry Group, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Goodman D, Ness S. The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Aging Eye. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030837. [PMID: 36983992 PMCID: PMC10052045 DOI: 10.3390/life13030837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the expanding elderly population in the United States and the world, it is important to understand the processes underlying both natural and pathological age-related changes in the eye. Both the anterior and posterior segment of the eye undergo changes in biological, chemical, and physical properties driven by oxidative stress. With advancing age, changes in the anterior segment include dermatochalasis, blepharoptosis, thickening of the sclera, loss of corneal endothelial cells, and stiffening of the lens. Changes in the posterior segment include lowered viscoelasticity of the vitreous body, photoreceptor cell loss, and drusen deposition at the macula and fovea. Age-related ocular pathologies including glaucoma, cataracts, and age-related macular degeneration are largely mediated by oxidative stress. The prevalence of these diseases is expected to increase in the coming years, highlighting the need to develop new therapies that address oxidative stress and slow the progression of age-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Goodman
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Steven Ness
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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23
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Tomioka Y, Kitazawa K, Yamashita Y, Numa K, Inomata T, Hughes JWB, Soda R, Nakamura M, Suzuki T, Yokoi N, Sotozono C. Dyslipidemia Exacerbates Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062131. [PMID: 36983132 PMCID: PMC10055623 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye is a multifactorial and common age-related ocular surface disease. Dyslipidemia has been reported to be involved in meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). However, it has not been clearly identified which lipid abnormality is responsible for MGD. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we discuss how lipid profile changes with aging is responsible for MGD development. Methods. An article search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Eleven studies involving dyslipidemia in patients with MGD were identified. Five out of eleven studies were further analyzed with meta-analysis. The preferred reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines were followed. Study-specific estimates (prevalence of dyslipidemia in MGD patients) were combined using one-group meta-analysis in a random-effects model. Results. Meta-analysis revealed that high total cholesterol (TC) and high triglycerides (TG) were significantly associated with MGD prevalence, with odds ratios of 5.245 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.582–17.389; p < 0.001) and 3.264 (95% CI: 1.047–10.181; p < 0.001), respectively, but high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were not identified. Systematic review found that the percentage of MGD patients with TC ≥ 200 mg/dL ranged from 20.0–77.6%, TG ≥ 150 mg/dL ranged from 8.3–89.7%, whereas, in the aged-match-adjusted controls, TC range of 200 mg/dL or higher and TG range of 150 mg/dL was 6.1–45.1% and 1.1–47.8%, respectively. The severity of MGD was higher with dyslipidemia. Conclusion. Dyslipidemia and higher TC and TG are significant risk factors for MGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Tomioka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | - Koji Kitazawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-75-251-5578
| | - Yohei Yamashita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | - Kohsaku Numa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Takenori Inomata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
- Department of Hospital Administration, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
- Department of Digital Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
- AI Incubation Farm, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 1130033, Japan
| | | | - Rina Soda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakamura
- Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1138656, Japan
| | - Tomo Suzuki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto City Hospital Organization, Kyoto 6048845, Japan
| | - Norihiko Yokoi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
| | - Chie Sotozono
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 6020841, Japan
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24
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INOMATA TAKENORI, SUNG JAEMYOUNG, YEE ALAN, MURAKAMI AKIRA, OKUMURA YUICHI, NAGINO KEN, FUJIO KENTA, AKASAKI YASUTSUGU, MIDORIKAWA-INOMATA AKIE, EGUCHI ATSUKO, FUJIMOTO KEIICHI, HUANG TIANXIANG, MOROOKA YUKI, MIURA MARIA, SHOKIROVA HURRAMHON, HIROSAWA KUNIHIKO, OHNO MIZU, KOBAYASHI HIROYUKI. P4 Medicine for Heterogeneity of Dry Eye: A Mobile Health-based Digital Cohort Study. JUNTENDO IJI ZASSHI = JUNTENDO MEDICAL JOURNAL 2023; 69:2-13. [PMID: 38854846 PMCID: PMC11153075 DOI: 10.14789/jmj.jmj22-0032-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
During the 5th Science, Technology, and Innovation Basic Plan, the Japanese government proposed a novel societal concept -Society 5.0- that promoted a healthcare system characterized by its capability to provide unintrusive, predictive, longitudinal care through the integration of cyber and physical space. The role of Society 5.0 in managing our quality of vision will become more important in the modern digitalized and aging society, both of which are known risk factors for developing dry eye. Dry eye is the most common ocular surface disease encountered in Japan with symptoms including increased dryness, eye discomfort, and decreased visual acuity. Owing to its complexity, implementation of P4 (predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory) medicine in managing dry eye requires a comprehensive understanding of its pathology, as well as a strategy to visualize and stratify its risk factors. Using DryEyeRhythm®, a mobile health (mHealth) smartphone software (app), we established a route to collect holistic medical big data on dry eye, such as the subjective symptoms and lifestyle data for each individual. The studies to date aided in determining the risk factors for severe dry eye, the association between major depressive disorder and dry eye exacerbation, eye drop treatment adherence, app-based stratification algorithms based on symptomology, blink detection biosensoring as a dry eye-related digital phenotype, and effectiveness of app-based dry eye diagnosis support compared to traditional methods. These results contribute to elucidating disease pathophysiology and promoting preventive and effective measures to counteract dry eye through mHealth.
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Affiliation(s)
- TAKENORI INOMATA
- Corresponding author: Takenori Inomata, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo. 113-8431, Japan, TEL: +81-3-5802-1228 FAX: +81-3-5689-0394 E-mail:
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25
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Feldt J, Garriz A, Rodriguez Benavente MC, Woodward AM, Zoukhri D, Argüeso P. The Matricellular Protein SPARC Decreases in the Lacrimal Gland At Adulthood and During Inflammation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:8. [PMID: 36479944 PMCID: PMC9742964 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.13.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular glycoprotein abundantly expressed in basement membranes and capsules surrounding a variety of organs and tissues. It mediates extracellular matrix organization and has been implicated in cell contraction. Here, we evaluated the expression of SPARC in the murine lacrimal gland at adulthood and during inflammation. Methods Lacrimal glands of young mice (4-6 weeks old) and adult mice (32-40 weeks old) were used for extraction of DNA, RNA, and protein. The presence of SPARC was assessed by quantitative PCR, ELISA, and immunofluorescence microscopy. 5-Methylcytosine and DNA methylation were evaluated using ELISA and bisulfite genomic sequencing, respectively. The effects of cytokines and inflammation in Sparc expression were evaluated in vitro and in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of Sjögren's syndrome. Results The mRNA and protein levels of SPARC were downregulated in lacrimal glands of mature adult mice presenting age-related histological alterations such as increased deposition of lipofuscin and lipids. Epigenetic analyses indicated that glands in adult mice contain higher levels of global DNA methylation and show increased hypermethylation of specific CpG sites within the Sparc gene promoter. Analysis of smooth muscle actin (SMA)-green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice revealed that SPARC localizes primarily to myoepithelial cells within the gland. Treatment of myoepithelial cells with IL-1β or TNF-α and the development of inflammation in the NOD mice led to decreased transcription of Sparc. Conclusions SPARC is a novel matricellular glycoprotein expressed by myoepithelial cells in the lacrimal gland. Loss of SPARC during adulthood and chronic inflammation might have detrimental consequences on myoepithelial cell contraction and the secretion of tear fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Feldt
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Mass. Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Angela Garriz
- Department of Comprehensive Care, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Maria C. Rodriguez Benavente
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Mass. Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Ashley M. Woodward
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Mass. Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Driss Zoukhri
- Department of Comprehensive Care, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States,Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Pablo Argüeso
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Mass. Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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