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Armesto M, Nemours S, Arestín M, Bernal I, Solano-Iturri JD, Manrique M, Basterretxea L, Larrinaga G, Angulo JC, Lecumberri D, Iturregui AM, López JI, Lawrie CH. Identification of miRNAs and Their Target Genes Associated with Sunitinib Resistance in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6881. [PMID: 38999991 PMCID: PMC11241516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib has greatly improved the survival of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients in recent years. However, 20-30% of treated patients do not respond. To identify miRNAs and genes associated with a response, comparisons were made between biopsies from responder and non-responder ccRCC patients. Using integrated transcriptomic analyses, we identified 37 miRNAs and 60 respective target genes, which were significantly associated with the NF-kappa B, PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways. We validated expression of the miRNAs (miR-223, miR-155, miR-200b, miR-130b) and target genes (FLT1, PRDM1 and SAV1) in 35 ccRCC patients. High levels of miR-223 and low levels of FLT1, SAV1 and PRDM1 were associated with worse overall survival (OS), and combined miR-223 + SAV1 levels distinguished responders from non-responders (AUC = 0.92). Using immunohistochemical staining of 170 ccRCC patients, VEGFR1 (FLT1) expression was associated with treatment response, histological grade and RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) score, whereas SAV1 and BLIMP1 (PRDM1) were associated with metachronous metastatic disease. Using in situ hybridisation (ISH) to detect miR-155 we observed higher tumoural cell expression in non-responders, and non-tumoural cell expression with increased histological grade. In summary, our preliminary analysis using integrated miRNA-target gene analyses identified several novel biomarkers in ccRCC patients that surely warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Armesto
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.A.); (S.N.); (M.A.); (I.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Stéphane Nemours
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.A.); (S.N.); (M.A.); (I.B.); (L.B.)
| | - María Arestín
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.A.); (S.N.); (M.A.); (I.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Iraide Bernal
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.A.); (S.N.); (M.A.); (I.B.); (L.B.)
- Pathology Department, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (J.D.S.-I.); (M.M.)
| | - Jon Danel Solano-Iturri
- Pathology Department, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (J.D.S.-I.); (M.M.)
| | - Manuel Manrique
- Pathology Department, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (J.D.S.-I.); (M.M.)
| | - Laura Basterretxea
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.A.); (S.N.); (M.A.); (I.B.); (L.B.)
- Medical Oncology Department, Donostia University Hospital, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Gorka Larrinaga
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (G.L.); (J.I.L.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Javier C. Angulo
- Clinical Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, European University of Madrid, 28905 Getafe, Spain;
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Getafe, 28907 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Lecumberri
- Department of Urology, Urduliz University Hospital, 48610 Urduliz, Spain;
| | | | - José I. López
- Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (G.L.); (J.I.L.)
- Pathology Department, Cruces University Hospital, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Charles H. Lawrie
- Molecular Oncology Group, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.A.); (S.N.); (M.A.); (I.B.); (L.B.)
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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2
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Deng J, Tu S, Li L, Li G, Zhang Y. Diagnostic, predictive and prognostic molecular biomarkers in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: A retrospective study. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2116. [PMID: 38837683 PMCID: PMC11150078 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common and aggressive subtype of kidney cancer. Many patients are diagnosed at advanced stages, making early detection crucial. Unfortunately, there are currently no noninvasive tests for ccRCC, emphasizing the need for new biomarkers. Additionally, ccRCC often develops resistance to treatments like radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Identifying biomarkers that predict treatment outcomes is vital for personalized care. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI), multi-omics analysis, and computational biology holds promise in bolstering detection precision and resilience, opening avenues for future investigations. The amalgamation of radiogenomics and biomaterial-basedimmunomodulation signifies a revolutionary breakthrough in diagnostic medicine. This review summarizes existing literature and highlights emerging biomarkers that enhance diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic capabilities for ccRCC, setting the stage for future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Deng
- Department of OncologyHejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineLuzhouPeople's Republic of China
- School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - ShengYuan Tu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- School of StomatologySouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - GangLi Li
- Department of OncologyHejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineLuzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - YinHui Zhang
- Department of PharmacyThe Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Department of AnesthesiologyHospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Department of PharmacyHejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineLuzhouPeople's Republic of China
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3
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Chu H, Xie W, Guo C, Shi H, Gu J, Qin Z, Xie Y. Inhibiting stanniocalcin 2 reduces sunitinib resistance of Caki-1 renal cancer cells under hypoxia condition. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:5963-5971. [PMID: 38098599 PMCID: PMC10718379 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous study has suggested that blocking stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) could reduce sunitinib resistance in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) under normoxia. The hypoxia is a particularly important environment for RCC occurrence and development, as well as sunitinib resistance. The authors proposed that STC2 also plays important roles in RCC sunitinib resistance under hypoxia conditions. Methods The ccRCC Caki-1 cells were treated within the hypoxia conditions. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting were applied to detect the STC2 expression in ccRCC Caki-1 cells. STC2-neutralizing antibodies, STC2 siRNA, and the recombinant human STC2 (rhSTC2) were used to identify targeting regulation on STC2 in modulating sunitinib resistance, proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion. In addition, autophagy flux and the lysosomal acidic environment were investigated by Western blotting and fluorescence staining, and the accumulation of sunitinib in cells was observed with the addition of STC2-neutralizing antibodies and autophagy modulators. Results Under hypoxia conditions, sunitinib disrupted the lysosomal acidic environment and accumulated in Caki-1 cells. Hypoxia-induced the STC2 mRNA and protein levels in Caki-1 cells. STC2-neutralizing antibodies and STC2 siRNA effectively aggravated sunitinib-reduced cell viability and proliferation, which were reversed by rhSTC2. In addition, sunitinib promoted EMT, migration, and invasion, which were reduced by STC2-neutralizing antibodies. Conclusion Inhibiting STC2 could reduce the sunitinib resistance of ccRCC cells under hypoxia conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hezhen Chu
- Department of Urology, Yixing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital
| | - Wenchao Xie
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University-Yixing People’s Hospital, Yixing
| | - Chuanzhi Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Gu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenqian Qin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University-Yixing People’s Hospital, Yixing
| | - Yimin Xie
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University-Yixing People’s Hospital, Yixing
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4
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Elballal MS, Sallam AAM, Elesawy AE, Shahin RK, Midan HM, Elrebehy MA, Elazazy O, El-Boghdady RM, Blasy SH, Amer NM, Farid HI, Mohammed DA, Ahmed SA, Mohamed SS, Doghish AS. miRNAs as potential game-changers in renal cell carcinoma: Future clinical and medicinal uses. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154439. [PMID: 37028108 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has the highest mortality rate of all genitourinary cancers, and its prevalence has grown over time. While RCC can be surgically treated and recurrence is only probable in a tiny proportion of patients, early diagnosis is crucial. Mutations in a large number of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes contribute to pathway dysregulation in RCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have considerable promise as biomarkers for detecting cancer due to their special combination of properties. Several miRNAs have been proposed as a diagnostic or monitoring tool for RCC based on their presence in the blood or urine. Moreover, the expression profile of particular miRNAs has been associated with the response to chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or targeted therapeutic options like sunitinib. The goal of this review is to go over the development, spread, and evolution of RCC. Also, we emphasize the outcomes of studies that examined the use of miRNAs in RCC patients as biomarkers, therapeutic targets, or modulators of responsiveness to treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Elballal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Al-Aliaa M Sallam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Elesawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Reem K Shahin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Heba M Midan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Elrebehy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Ola Elazazy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | | | - Shaimaa Hassan Blasy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Nada Mahmoud Amer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Hadeer Ibrahim Farid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Dina Ashraf Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa Adly Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Sally Samir Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo 11231, Egypt.
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5
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Xiang Y, Zheng G, Zhong J, Sheng J, Qin H. Advances in Renal Cell Carcinoma Drug Resistance Models. Front Oncol 2022; 12:870396. [PMID: 35619895 PMCID: PMC9128023 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.870396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer. Systemic therapy is the preferred method to eliminate residual cancer cells after surgery and prolong the survival of patients with inoperable RCC. A variety of molecular targeted and immunological therapies have been developed to improve the survival rate and prognosis of RCC patients based on their chemotherapy-resistant properties. However, owing to tumor heterogeneity and drug resistance, targeted and immunological therapies lack complete and durable anti-tumor responses; therefore, understanding the mechanisms of systemic therapy resistance and improving clinical curative effects in the treatment of RCC remain challenging. In vitro models with traditional RCC cell lines or primary cell culture, as well as in vivo models with cell or patient-derived xenografts, are used to explore the drug resistance mechanisms of RCC and screen new targeted therapeutic drugs. Here, we review the established methods and applications of in vivo and in vitro RCC drug resistance models, with the aim of improving our understanding of its resistance mechanisms, increasing the efficacy of combination medications, and providing a theoretical foundation for the development and application of new drugs, drug screening, and treatment guidelines for RCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yien Xiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ge Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiyao Sheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanjiao Qin
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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6
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Park SE, Kim W, Hong JY, Kang D, Park S, Suh J, You D, Park YY, Suh N, Hwang JJ, Kim CS. miR-96-5p targets PTEN to mediate sunitinib resistance in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3537. [PMID: 35241735 PMCID: PMC8894382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07468-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, sunitinib, is a first-line therapy for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). Unfortunately, it has the major challenges of low initial response rate and resistance after about one year of treatment. Here we evaluated a microRNA (miRNA) and its target responsible for sunitinib resistance. Using miRNA profiling, we identified miR-96-5p upregulation in tumors from sunitinib-resistant CCRCC patients. By bioinformatic analysis, PTEN was selected as a potential target of miR-96-5p, which showed low levels in tumors from sunitinib-resistant CCRCC patients. Furthermore, PTEN and miR-96-5p levels were negatively correlated in a large The Cancer Genome Atlas kidney renal clear cell carcinoma cohort and high miR-96 and low PTEN represented poor prognosis in this cohort. Additionally, four-week sunitinib treatment increased miR-96-5p and decreased PTEN only in tumors from a sunitinib-resistant patient-derived xenograft model. We found a novel miR-96-5p binding site in the PTEN 3′ UTR and confirmed direct repression by luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, we demonstrated that repression of PTEN by miR-96-5p increased cell proliferation and migration in sunitinib-treated cell lines. These results highlight the direct suppression of PTEN by miR-96-5p and that high miR-96-5p and low PTEN are partially responsible for sunitinib resistance and poor prognosis in CCRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Eun Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonju Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Medical Sciences, Soon Chun Hyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Shinchang, Asan, Chungnam, 31538, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Sciences, General Graduate School, Soon Chun Hyang University, Asan, Chungnam, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ye Hong
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayeon Kang
- Department of Medical Sciences, General Graduate School, Soon Chun Hyang University, Asan, Chungnam, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulki Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungyo Suh
- Department of Urology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dalsan You
- Department of Urology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Yong Park
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06911, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayoung Suh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Medical Sciences, Soon Chun Hyang University, 22, Soonchunhyang-ro, Shinchang, Asan, Chungnam, 31538, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Medical Sciences, General Graduate School, Soon Chun Hyang University, Asan, Chungnam, 31538, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung Jin Hwang
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Choung-Soo Kim
- Department of Urology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Integrated mRNA and miRNA Transcriptomic Analyses Reveals Divergent Mechanisms of Sunitinib Resistance in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174401. [PMID: 34503211 PMCID: PMC8430814 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a frequent cancer that causes more than 100,000 deaths every year. Treatment with drugs that target enzymes that help tumours grow such as sunitinib have greatly improved the prospects for ccRCC patients, however a large proportion of patients become resistant. We created sunitinib resistant cell lines and identified consequent changes in gene (and miRNA) expression by microarray analyses. Using this approach, we identified different pathways of resistance suggesting that tumour cells have many ways to overcome sunitinib treatment. We were able to overcome resistance in cells by inhibiting a protein, PD-L1, that is targeted by many immunotherapeutics currently in use for ccRCC patients suggesting a combination of immunotherapy and sunitinib may benefit patients. In addition, we identified miRNAs that are common to multiple resistance mechanisms suggesting they may be useful targets for future studies. Abstract The anti-angiogenic therapy sunitinib remains the standard first-line treatment for meta static clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, acquired resistance develops in nearly all responsive patients and represents a major source of treatment failure. We used an integrated miRNA and mRNA transcriptomic approach to identify miRNA:target gene interactions involved in sunitinib resistance. Through the generation of stably resistant clones in three ccRCC cell lines (786-O, A498 and Caki-1), we identified non-overlapping miRNA:target gene networks, suggesting divergent mechanisms of sunitinib resistance. Surprisingly, even though the genes involved in these networks were different, they shared targeting by multiple members of the miR-17~92 cluster. In 786-O cells, targeted genes were related to hypoxia/angiogenic pathways, whereas, in Caki-1 cells, they were related to inflammatory/proliferation pathways. The immunotherapy target PD-L1 was consistently up-regulated in resistant cells, and we demonstrated that the silencing of this gene resulted in an increase in sensitivity to sunitinib treatment only in 786-O-resistant cells, suggesting that some ccRCC patients might benefit from combination therapy with PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors. In summary, we demonstrate that, although there are clearly divergent mechanisms of sunitinib resistance in ccRCC subtypes, the commonality of miRNAs in multiple pathways could be targeted to overcome sunitinib resistance.
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8
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Determination of the key ccRCC-related molecules from monolayer network to three-layer network. Cancer Genet 2021; 256-257:40-47. [PMID: 33887693 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), with an increasing incidence rate, is one of the ubiquitous cancers. Its pathogenic factors are complicated and the molecular mechanism is not clear. It is essential to analyze the potential key genes related to ccRCC carcinogenesis. In this study, the differentially expressed mRNAs, miRNAs and lncRNAs (DEmRNAs, DEmiRNAs and DElncRNAs) of ccRCC were screened from TCGA database. Then the miRNA-mRNA network, lncRNA-miRNA network and lncRNA-mRNA network were constructed by online database or WGCNA algorithm. Topology attributes of these monolayer networks showed that hsa-mir-155, hsa-mir-200c, hsa-mir-122, hsa-mir-506, hsa-mir-216b, hsa-mir-141, lncRNA AC137723.1 and AC021074.3 are the crucial genes related with the regulatory effects on the proliferation, metastasis and invasion of ccRCC cells. Subsequently, these three monolayer networks were integrated into a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA multilayer network. Considering node degree, closeness centrality and betweenness centrality, we found hsa-mir-122 is screened out as the only crucial gene in three-layer network. In order to better illustrate the effect of hsa-mir-122 on ccRCC, the lncRNA-hsa-mir-122-mRNA network was constructed with hsa-mir-122 as the center. Pathway analysis of the unique target gene GALNT3 linked to hsa-mir-122 showed that GALNT3 influenced the metabolic process of mucin type O-Glycan biosynthesis. LncRNA AC090377.1 is the unique gene that has target genes among lncRNAs with clinical significance that linked to hsa-mir-122 in the lncRNA-hsa-mir-122-mRNA network. Pathway analysis of AC090377.1 suggested that GUCY2F enriched in phototransduction pathway associated with retina. From monolayer network to three-layer network, hsa-mir-122 is identified as an important molecule in the oncogenesis and progression of ccRCC, offering new strategies to further study of the carcinogenic mechanism of ccRCC.
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9
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Li Q, Zhang Z, Fan Y, Zhang Q. Epigenetic Alterations in Renal Cell Cancer With TKIs Resistance: From Mechanisms to Clinical Applications. Front Genet 2021; 11:562868. [PMID: 33510766 PMCID: PMC7835797 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.562868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has been a major breakthrough in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) therapy. Unfortunately, a portion of patients with TKIs resistance experience disease progression after TKIs therapy. Epigenetic alterations play an important role in the development of TKIs resistance. Current evidence suggests that epigenetic alterations occur frequently in RCC patients with poor response to TKIs therapy, and modulation of them could enhance the cytotoxic effect of antitumor therapy. In this review, we summarize the currently known epigenetic alterations relating to TKIs resistance in RCC, focusing on DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), histone modifications, and their interactions with TKIs treatment. In addition, we discuss application of epigenetic alteration analyses in the clinical setting to predict prognosis of patients with TKIs treatment, and the potential use of epigenetics-based therapies to surmount TKIs resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinhan Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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10
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Ding L, Jiang M, Wang R, Shen D, Wang H, Lu Z, Zheng Q, Wang L, Xia L, Li G. The emerging role of small non-coding RNA in renal cell carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2020; 14:100974. [PMID: 33395751 PMCID: PMC7719974 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SncRNAs contribute to the progress of renal cell carcinoma. SncRNAs are promising biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma. Despite the potential of sncRNA-based cancer therapy, some obstacles remain, including several severe adverse effect.
Noncoding RNAs are transcribed in the most regions of the human genome, divided into small noncoding RNAs (less than 200 nt) and long noncoding RNAs (more than 200 nt) according to their size. Compelling evidences suggest that small noncoding RNAs play critical roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, especially in renal cell carcinoma. MiRNA, the most famous small noncoding RNA, has been comprehensively explored for its fundamental role in cancer. And several miRNA-based therapeutic strategies have been applied to several ongoing clinical trials. However, piRNAs and tsRNAs, have not received as much research attention, because of several technological limitations. Nevertheless, some studies have revealed the presence of aberration of piRNAs and tsRNAs in renal cell carcinoma, highlighting a potentially novel mechanism for tumor onset and progression. In this review, we provide an overview of three classes of small noncoding RNA: miRNAs, piRNAs and tsRNAs, that have been reported dysregulation in renal cell carcinoma and have the potential for advancing diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic applications of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Ding
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Minxiao Jiang
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Ruyue Wang
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Danyang Shen
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Zeyi Lu
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Qiming Zheng
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Liqun Xia
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Gonghui Li
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China.
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11
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shirvani-Farsani Z, Branicki W, Taheri M. MicroRNA Signature in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:596359. [PMID: 33330087 PMCID: PMC7734191 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.596359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) includes 2.2% of all diagnosed cancers and 1.8% of cancer-related mortalities. The available biomarkers or screening methods for RCC suffer from lack of sensitivity or high cost, necessitating identification of novel biomarkers that facilitate early diagnosis of this cancer especially in the susceptible individuals. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have several advantageous properties that potentiate them as biomarkers for cancer detection. Expression profile of miRNAs has been assessed in biological samples from RCC patients. Circulatory or urinary levels of certain miRNAs have been proposed as markers for RCC diagnosis or follow-up. Moreover, expression profile of some miRNAs has been correlated with response to chemotherapy, immunotherapy or targeted therapeutic options such as sunitinib. In the current study, we summarize the results of studies that assessed the application of miRNAs as biomarkers, therapeutic targets or modulators of response to treatment modalities in RCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Wojciech Branicki
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology of the Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Outeiro-Pinho G, Barros-Silva D, Correia MP, Henrique R, Jerónimo C. Renal Cell Tumors: Uncovering the Biomarker Potential of ncRNAs. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082214. [PMID: 32784737 PMCID: PMC7465320 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell tumors (RCT) remain as one of the most common and lethal urological tumors worldwide. Discrimination between (1) benign and malignant disease, (2) indolent and aggressive tumors, and (3) patient responsiveness to a specific therapy is of major clinical importance, allowing for a more efficient patient management. Nonetheless, currently available tools provide limited information and novel strategies are needed. Over the years, a putative role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as disease biomarkers has gained relevance and is now one of the most prolific fields in biological sciences. Herein, we extensively sought the most significant reports on ncRNAs as potential RCTs' diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and monitoring biomarkers. We could conclude that ncRNAs, either alone or in combination with currently used clinical and pathological parameters, might represent key elements to improve patient management, potentiating the implementation of precision medicine. Nevertheless, most ncRNA biomarkers require large-scale validation studies, prior to clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Outeiro-Pinho
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Daniela Barros-Silva
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Margareta P. Correia
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (G.O.-P.); (D.B.-S.); (M.P.C.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-225084000; Fax: +351-225084199
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13
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Zhang JH, Xia HB. Lentiviral-Mediated Overexpression of MicroRNA-141 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Inhibits Apoptosis in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2020; 14:170-176. [PMID: 30599110 DOI: 10.2174/1574892814666181231142136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal Carcinoma (EC) is the eighth most common cancer worldwide. Numerous studies have highlighted a vital role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development of EC. However, the mechanism of microRNA (miRNA)-141 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) remains unknown. OBJECTIVE In this study, we explored the effects of miRNA-141 on EC cell proliferation, apoptosis, xenograft tumour growth and their possible mechanisms. METHODS A lentivirus-vector-expressing miRNA-141 was constructed, and a TE-1 cell line of ESCC with a stable expression of miRNA-141 was transfected and screened. The miRNA-141 expression level was detected using qRT-PCR. Effects of miRNA-141 overexpression on cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected using MTT and flow cytometry, respectively. Using a dual-luciferase reporter assay, a direct interaction between miRNA-141 and the 3'-Untranslated Region (UTR) of YAP1 and SOX17 was confirmed. Tumour xenograft experiment in nude mice was used to detect the tumour growth, and the effects of miRNA-141 overexpression on YAP1 and SOX17 were analysed using Western blot. RESULTS We found that miRNA-141 was highly expressed in TE-1 cells, and miRNA-141 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. Moreover, the miRNA-141 group showed significantly increased tumour growth ability, luciferase activities and expression levels of YAP1 and SOX17 in the miRNA-141group were significantly down-regulated. CONCLUSION miRNA-141 promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in ESCC by downregulating the expression level of YAP1 and SOX17, indicating that miRNA-141 may be a potential molecular target for the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-He Zhang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Hai-Bin Xia
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, Shaanxi, China
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14
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Kovacova J, Juracek J, Poprach A, Kopecky J, Fiala O, Svoboda M, Fabian P, Radova L, Brabec P, Buchler T, Slaby O. MiR-376b-3p Is Associated With Long-term Response to Sunitinib in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2020; 16:353-359. [PMID: 31467229 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Sunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor routinely used as first-line therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Emerging evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) could be suitable biomarkers with predictive potential in mRCC. The aim of this study was to identify miRNA-based predictive biomarkers of therapy response to avoid unnecessary therapy to non-responding patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS High-throughput miRNA microarray profiling was performed on a cohort of 47 patients treated with sunitinib. Validation of candidate miRNAs was carried out on an independent cohort of 132 mRCC patients using qRT-PCR. RESULTS Out of 158 miRNAs (65 down-regulated, 93 up-regulated), six miRNAs were chosen for independent validation and miR-376b-3p was confirmed to be differentially expressed in tumors of patients with primary resistance versus long-term response (p<0.0002). CONCLUSION A predictive miRNA associated with progression-free survival in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with sunitinib was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kovacova
- Masaryk University, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Juracek
- Masaryk University, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Poprach
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jindrich Kopecky
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Fiala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapeutics, Medical School and Teaching Hospital in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Svoboda
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Fabian
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological and Experimental Pathology Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Radova
- Masaryk University, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Brabec
- Institute for Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Buchler
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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15
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D'Aniello C, Berretta M, Cavaliere C, Rossetti S, Facchini BA, Iovane G, Mollo G, Capasso M, Pepa CD, Pesce L, D'Errico D, Buonerba C, Di Lorenzo G, Pisconti S, De Vita F, Facchini G. Biomarkers of Prognosis and Efficacy of Anti-angiogenic Therapy in Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1400. [PMID: 31921657 PMCID: PMC6917607 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, the prognosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has remarkably improved following the advent of the "targeted therapy" era. The expanding knowledge on the prominent role played by angiogenesis in RCC pathogenesis has led to approval of multiple anti-angiogenic agents such as sunitinib, pazopanib, axitinib, cabozantinib, sorafenib, and bevacizumab. These agents can induce radiological responses and delay cancer progression for months or years before onset of resistance, with a clinically meaningful activity. The need for markers of prognosis and efficacy of anti-angiogenic agents has become more compelling as novel systemic immunotherapy agents have also been approved in RCC and can be administered as an alternative to angiogenesis inhibitors. Anti PD-1 monoclonal antibody nivolumab has been approved in the second-line setting after tyrosine kinase inhibitors failure, while combination of nivolumab plus anti CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody ipilimumab has been approved as first-line therapy of RCC patients at intermediate or poor prognosis. In this review article, biomarkers of prognosis and efficacy of antiangiogenic therapies are summarized with a focus on those that have the potential to affect treatment decision-making in RCC. Biomarkers predictive of toxicity of anti-angiogenic agents have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine D'Aniello
- Division of Medical Oncology, A.O.R.N. dei COLLI “Ospedali Monaldi-Cotugno-CTO,”Naples, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Berretta
- Division of Medical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS CRO Aviano (PN), Milan, Italy
| | - Carla Cavaliere
- UOC of Medical Oncology, ASL NA 3 SUD, Ospedali Riuniti Area Nolana, Nola, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rossetti
- Departmental Unit of Experimental Uro-Andrologic Clinical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale—IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Bianca Arianna Facchini
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Gelsomina Iovane
- Departmental Unit of Experimental Uro-Andrologic Clinical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale—IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mollo
- Departmental Unit of Experimental Uro-Andrologic Clinical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale—IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Capasso
- Departmental Unit of Experimental Uro-Andrologic Clinical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale—IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Laura Pesce
- Oncology Unit, San Luca Hospital, Vallo Della Lucania, Italy
| | - Davide D'Errico
- Departmental Unit of Experimental Uro-Andrologic Clinical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale—IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Buonerba
- CRTR Rare Tumors Reference Center, AOU Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Environment & Health Operational Unit, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Lorenzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pisconti
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Medical Oncology, S.G. Moscati Hospital, Taranto, Italy
| | - Ferdinando De Vita
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Facchini
- Departmental Unit of Experimental Uro-Andrologic Clinical Oncology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale—IRCCS, Naples, Italy
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16
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Sekino Y, Sakamoto N, Sentani K, Oue N, Teishima J, Matsubara A, Yasui W. miR-130b Promotes Sunitinib Resistance through Regulation of PTEN in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Oncology 2019; 97:164-172. [PMID: 31195398 DOI: 10.1159/000500605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs are a class of small noncoding RNAs that play an important role in progression and drug resistance in cancer. Several reports have shown that miR-130b modulates cell growth and drug resistance in some cancers. However, the expression and biological role of miR-130b in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the expression and functional role of miR-130b and to analyze the association between miR-130b and sunitinib resistance in RCC. METHODS The expression of miR-130b in 32 RCC tissues and their corresponding normal kidney tissues was determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). We performed a 4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in RCC cell lines transfected with miR-130b inhibitor or miR-130b mimics. We evaluated the relationship between miR-130b and PTEN and also analyzed the effect of miR-130b on sunitinib resistance. RESULTS qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of miR-130b was higher in RCC tissues than in corresponding normal kidney tissues. The MTT assay revealed that miR-130b modulated cell growth. qRT-PCR revealed an inverse correlation between miR-130b and PTEN in RCC. Western blotting demonstrated that miR-130b regulated the expression of PTEN in the RCC cell line. Additionally, miR-130b was associated with sunitinib resistance through regulation of PTEN. We established the sunitinib-resistant Caki-1 (Caki-1-SR) cells and observed that the expression of miR-130b was elevated in Caki-1-SR cells compared with parental Caki-1 cells. Knockdown of miR-130b improved sunitinib resistance in Caki-1-SR cells. CONCLUSION The expression of miR-130b was upregulated in RCC. miR-130b promoted cell growth and was associated with sunitinib resistance through regulating PTEN expression. Collectively, these results suggest that miR-130b may play an oncogenic role and be a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Sekino
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sentani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naohide Oue
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Jun Teishima
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akio Matsubara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Wataru Yasui
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan,
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17
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Braga EA, Fridman MV, Loginov VI, Dmitriev AA, Morozov SG. Molecular Mechanisms in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Role of miRNAs and Hypermethylated miRNA Genes in Crucial Oncogenic Pathways and Processes. Front Genet 2019; 10:320. [PMID: 31110513 PMCID: PMC6499217 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the third most common urological cancer, and it has the highest mortality rate. The increasing drug resistance of metastatic ccRCC has resulted in the search for new biomarkers. Epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, such as genome-wide DNA methylation and inhibition of protein translation by interaction of microRNA (miRNA) with its target messenger RNA (mRNA), are deeply involved in the pathogenesis of human cancers, including ccRCC, and may be used in its diagnosis and prognosis. Here, we review oncogenic and oncosuppressive miRNAs, their putative target genes, and the crucial pathways they are involved in. The contradictory behavior of a number of miRNAs, such as suppressive and anti-metastatic miRNAs with oncogenic potential (for example, miR-99a, miR-106a, miR-125b, miR-144, miR-203, miR-378), is examined. miRNAs that contribute mostly to important pathways and processes in ccRCC, for instance, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Wnt-β, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling, are discussed in detail. We also separately consider their participation in crucial oncogenic processes, such as hypoxia and angiogenesis, metastasis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The review also considers the interactions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and miRNAs of significance in ccRCC. Recent advances in the understanding of the role of hypermethylated miRNA genes in ccRCC and their usefulness as biomarkers are reviewed based on our own data and those available in the literature. Finally, new data and perspectives concerning the clinical applications of miRNAs in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of ccRCC are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina V. Fridman
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly I. Loginov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Research Center of Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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18
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Osako Y, Yoshino H, Sakaguchi T, Sugita S, Yonemori M, Nakagawa M, Enokida H. Potential tumor‑suppressive role of microRNA‑99a‑3p in sunitinib‑resistant renal cell carcinoma cells through the regulation of RRM2. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:1759-1770. [PMID: 30816432 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib is the most common primary molecular‑targeted agent for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC); however, intrinsic or acquired sunitinib resistance has become a significant problem in medical practice. The present study focused on microRNA (miR)‑99a‑3p, which was significantly downregulated in clinical sunitinib‑resistant ccRCC tissues in previous screening analyses, and investigated the molecular network associated with it. The expression levels of miR‑99a‑3p and its candidate target genes were evaluated in RCC cells, including previously established sunitinib‑resistant 786‑o (SU‑R‑786‑o) cells, and clinical ccRCC tissues, using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Gain‑of‑function studies demonstrated that miR‑99a‑3p significantly suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation in RCC cells, including the SU‑R‑786‑o cells, by inducing apoptosis. Based on in silico analyses and RNA sequencing data, followed by luciferase reporter assays, ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit‑M2 (RRM2) was identified as a direct target of miR‑99a‑3p in the SU‑R‑786‑o cells. Loss‑of‑function studies using small interfering RNA against RRM2 revealed that cell proliferation and colony growth were significantly inhibited via induction of apoptosis, particularly in the SU‑R‑786‑o cells. Furthermore, the RRM2 inhibitor Didox (3,4‑dihydroxybenzohydroxamic acid) exhibited anticancer effects in the SU‑R‑786‑o cells and other RCC cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating that miR‑99a‑3p directly regulates RRM2. Identifying novel genes targeted by tumor‑suppressive miR‑99a‑3p in sunitinib‑resistant RCC cells may improve our understanding of intrinsic or acquired resistance and facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Osako
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yoshino
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakaguchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sugita
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
| | - Masaya Yonemori
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nakagawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
| | - Hideki Enokida
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8520, Japan
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19
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miR-9-5p in Nephrectomy Specimens is a Potential Predictor of Primary Resistance to First-Line Treatment with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10090321. [PMID: 30201928 PMCID: PMC6162741 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10090321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 20–30% of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in first-line treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) do not respond due to primary resistance to this drug. At present, suitable robust biomarkers for prediction of a response are not available. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate a panel of microRNAs (miRNAs) in nephrectomy specimens for use as predictive biomarkers for TKI resistance. Archived formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded nephrectomy samples from 60 mRCC patients treated with first-line TKIs (sunitinib, n = 51; pazopanib, n = 6; sorafenib, n = 3) were categorized into responders and non-responders. Using the standard Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, patients with progressive disease within 3 months after the start of treatment with TKI were considered as non-responders and those patients with stable disease and complete or partial response under the TKI treatment for at least 6 months as responders. Based on a miRNA microarray expression profile in the two stratified groups of patients, seven differentially expressed miRNAs were validated using droplet digital reverse-transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays in the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and binary logistic regression of response prediction were performed. MiR-9-5p and miR-489-3p were able to discriminate between the two groups. MiR-9-5p, as the most significant miRNA, improved the correct prediction of primary resistance against TKIs in comparison to that of conventional clinicopathological variables. The results of the decision curve analyses, Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox regression analyses confirmed the potential of miR-9-5p in the prediction of response to TKIs and the prediction of progression-free survival after the initiation of TKI treatment.
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20
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Lichner Z, Saleeb R, Butz H, Ding Q, Nofech-Mozes R, Riad S, Farag M, Varkouhi AK, Dos Santos CC, Kapus A, Yousef GM. Sunitinib induces early histomolecular changes in a subset of renal cancer cells that contribute to resistance. FASEB J 2018; 33:1347-1359. [PMID: 30148679 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800596r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sunitinib is the standard-of-care, first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Characteristics of treatment-resistant RCC have been described; however, complex tumor adaptation mechanisms obstruct the identification of significant operators in resistance. We hypothesized that resistance is a late manifestation of early, treatment-induced histomolecular alterations; therefore, studying early drug response may identify drivers of resistance. We describe an epithelioid RCC growth pattern in RCC xenografts, which emerges in sunitinib-sensitive tumors and is augmented during resistance. This growth modality is molecularly and morphologically related to the RCC spheroids that advance during in vitro treatment. Based on time-lapse microscopy, mRNA and microRNA screening, and tumor behavior-related characteristics, we propose that the spheroid and adherent RCC growth patterns differentially respond to sunitinib. Gene expression analysis indicated that sunitinib promoted spheroid formation, which provided a selective survival advantage under treatment. Functional studies confirm that E-cadherin is a key contributor to the survival of RCC cells under sunitinib treatment. In summary, we suggest that sunitinib-resistant RCC cells exist in treatment-sensitive tumors and are histologically identifiable.-Lichner, Z., Saleeb, R., Butz, H., Ding, Q., Nofech-Mozes, R., Riad, S., Farag, M., Varkouhi, A. K., dos Santos, C. C., Kapus, A., Yousef, G. M. Sunitinib induces early histomolecular changes in a subset of renal cancer cells that contribute to resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Lichner
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rola Saleeb
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Henriett Butz
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Molecular Medicine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University (HAS-SE), Budapest, Hungary
| | - Qiang Ding
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roy Nofech-Mozes
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Riad
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mina Farag
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amir K Varkouhi
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Viral Vector and Cell Therapy Core (VICTOR), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claudia C Dos Santos
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Viral Vector and Cell Therapy Core (VICTOR), St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - András Kapus
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - George M Yousef
- The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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21
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Ghidini M, Hahne JC, Frizziero M, Tomasello G, Trevisani F, Lampis A, Passalacqua R, Valeri N. MicroRNAs as Mediators of Resistance Mechanisms to Small-Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Solid Tumours. Target Oncol 2018; 13:423-436. [PMID: 30006826 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-018-0580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are widely expressed transmembrane proteins that act as receptors for growth factors and other extracellular signalling molecules. Upon ligand binding, RTKs activate intracellular signalling cascades, and as such are involved in a broad variety of cellular functions including differentiation, proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and survival under physiological as well as pathological conditions. Aberrant RTK activation can lead to benign proliferative conditions as well as to various forms of cancer. Indeed, more than 70% of the known oncogene and proto-oncogene transcripts involved in cancer code for RTKs. Consequently, these receptors are broadly studied as targets in the treatment of different tumours, and a large variety of small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are approved for therapy. In most cases, patients develop resistance to the TKIs within a short time. MicroRNAs are short (18-22 nucleotides) non-protein-coding RNAs that fine-tune cell homeostasis by controlling gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Deregulation of microRNAs is common in many cancers, and increasing evidence exists for an important role of microRNAs in the development of resistance to therapies, including TKIs. In this review we focus on the role of microRNAs in mediating resistance to small-molecule TKIs in solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ghidini
- Medical Department, Division of Oncology, ASST di Cremona, Ospedale di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Jens C Hahne
- Centre for Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Melissa Frizziero
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Gianluca Tomasello
- Medical Department, Division of Oncology, ASST di Cremona, Ospedale di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Francesco Trevisani
- Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Lampis
- Centre for Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Rodolfo Passalacqua
- Medical Department, Division of Oncology, ASST di Cremona, Ospedale di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Nicola Valeri
- Centre for Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, UK
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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22
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Mytsyk Y, Dosenko V, Skrzypczyk MA, Borys Y, Diychuk Y, Kucher A, Kowalskyy V, Pasichnyk S, Mytsyk O, Manyuk L. Potential clinical applications of microRNAs as biomarkers for renal cell carcinoma. Cent European J Urol 2018; 71:295-303. [PMID: 30386650 PMCID: PMC6202627 DOI: 10.5173/ceju.2018.1618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 3% of adult malignancies and more than 90% of kidney neoplasms. High rates of undiagnostic percutaneous kidney biopsies and difficulties in reliable pre-operative differentiation between malignant and benign renal tumors using contemporary imaging techniques result in large numbers of redundant surgeries. Absence of specific biomarkers for early detection and monitoring complicates on-time diagnosis of the disease and relapse. For the patients followed up after having a nephrectomy, a noninvasive and sensitive biomarker enabling early detection of disease relapse would be extremely useful. Material and methods The study is a review of recent knowledge regarding potential clinical applications of microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers of RCC. Results MicroRNAs are essential regulators of various processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, development and death; they have been implicated in diverse biological and pathological processes in RCC. There is a class of miRNAs that promote RCC development (oncomirs) and a class of miRNAs that negatively regulate oncogenes, suppress tumor growth and invasion, and thus could be considered treatment agents (anti-oncomirs). Separate miRNAs and specific miRNAs expression profiles have been identified, enabling early detection of the disease, prediction of response to systemic therapy, or prognostication of biological behavior of the disease. Conclusions The miRNA network analysis and gene profiling may help to identify the most sensible molecular signatures of RCC that can be used for diagnostic purposes, as well as poor prognosis signatures and poor therapeutic response signatures in patients who undergo systemic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulian Mytsyk
- Department of Urology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Victor Dosenko
- General and Molecular Pathophysiology Department, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | | | - Yuriy Borys
- Department of Urology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Yuriy Diychuk
- Department of Urology, Lviv State Regional Oncology Treatment and Diagnostic Center, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Askold Kucher
- Department of Urology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Vasyl Kowalskyy
- Department of Urology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Serhyi Pasichnyk
- Department of Urology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Oleh Mytsyk
- Lviv Regional Bureau of Forensic Services, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Lubov Manyuk
- Department of Foreign Languages, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
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23
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24
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Guan L, Tan J, Li H, Jin X. Biomarker identification in clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on miRNA-seq and digital gene expression-seq data. Gene 2018; 647:205-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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25
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Kovacova J, Poprach A, Buchler T, Cho WC, Slaby O. MicroRNAs as predictive biomarkers of response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 56:1426-1431. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2017-0861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 2%–3% of all malignant tumours. The first-choice treatment in metastatic RCC (mRCC) patients is tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Although TKIs may prolong survival of the treated patients who are not primary resistant, almost all of them will eventually develop secondary resistance to the treatment after a progression-free period. To predict treatment response, thus, we need efficient biomarkers for rational indication of TKIs in mRCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) not only play important roles in the pathogenesis of many cancers, including RCC but also have been shown to serve as promising diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers in various cancers. However, the potential of miRNAs to predict response to therapy with TKIs in mRCC has not yet gained sufficient attention. Because personalisation of the TKIs indication in mRCC presents an important unmet medical need, we summarise research on this topic and give an overall insight on the current knowledge in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kovacova
- Central European Institute of Technology , Masaryk University , Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Poprach
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care , Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute , Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Buchler
- Department of Oncology , Thomayer Hospital and Charles University First Faculty of Medicine , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology , Queen Elizabeth Hospital , Kowloon , Hong Kong
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology , Masaryk University , Brno , Czech Republic
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care , Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute , Brno , Czech Republic
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26
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He YH, Chen C, Shi Z. The biological roles and clinical implications of microRNAs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:4458-4465. [PMID: 29215721 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) accounts for about 3% of tumors in adults as well as 85% of all primary renal carcinoma. And it is the third most predominant urological carcinoma, but it has the maximum mortality rate. Early diagnosis and proper follow-up of ccRCC patients may improve the prognosis of the illness. Thus, it is imperative to understand the new biomarkers of ccRCC and study new method for the modern therapy of this deadly disease. Furthermore, a large number of microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, have been relevant to tumor type, stage, or survival and miRNAs might be progressed as the markers of diagnosis or prognosis in ccRCC. A growing body of data also advised the rationality of regarding miRNAs as therapeutic targets for ccRCC treatment. In this review, we tried to summarize biogenesis of miRNAs and their expression profiles, biological roles, and clinical implications in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hua He
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang International Exchange Center of Clinical Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of PIVAS, Binhu Hospital of Hefei City, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zheng Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang International Exchange Center of Clinical Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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27
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Yumioka T, Osaki M, Sasaki R, Yamaguchi N, Onuma K, Iwamoto H, Morizane S, Honda M, Takenaka A, Okada F. Lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP-2) expression induced by miR-194-5p downregulation contributes to sunitinib resistance in human renal cell carcinoma cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:893-900. [PMID: 29399154 PMCID: PMC5772808 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is used as the primary treatment in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The main difficulty associated with its use is the development of drug resistance. In the present study, ACHN cells, a human renal cell carcinoma cell line, were used to establish sunitinib-resistant (SR) cells. Microarray analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that miR-194-5p expression was significantly decreased in SR-ACHN cells when compared with that observed in ACHN cells (P<0.05). Transfection of miR-194-5p, though not with negative control miR, in SR-ACHN cells could significantly inhibit cell proliferation following sunitinib treatment (2.5–40 µM; P<0.05). Western blotting demonstrated that the expression of lysosome-associated membrane protein-2 (LAMP-2), which attenuates the anti-proliferative effect of sunitinib, was significantly higher in SR-ACHN than in ACHN cells (P<0.01). In addition, LAMP-2 expression was suppressed by miR-194-5p transfection in SR-ACHN cells. These data suggested that miR-194-5p downregulation may be associated with sunitinib resistance via the induction of LAMP-2 expression in human RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Yumioka
- Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan.,Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Osaki
- Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan.,Chromosome Engineering Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Ryo Sasaki
- Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Noriya Yamaguchi
- Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan.,Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Kunishige Onuma
- Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Hideto Iwamoto
- Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Shuichi Morizane
- Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Masashi Honda
- Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takenaka
- Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
| | - Futoshi Okada
- Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan.,Chromosome Engineering Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
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28
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Laguna MP. Re: A Phase II Study of Intermittent Sunitinib in Previously Untreated Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Urol 2017; 199:23-25. [PMID: 29310178 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.09.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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29
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Puente J, Laínez N, Dueñas M, Méndez-Vidal MJ, Esteban E, Castellano D, Martinez-Fernández M, Basterretxea L, Juan-Fita MJ, Antón L, León L, Lambea J, Pérez-Valderrama B, Vázquez S, Suarez C, del Muro XG, Gallardo E, Maroto JP, Samaniego ML, Suárez-Paniagua B, Sanz J, Paramio JM. Novel potential predictive markers of sunitinib outcomes in long-term responders versus primary refractory patients with metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:30410-30421. [PMID: 28423742 PMCID: PMC5444752 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several potential predictive markers of efficacy of targeted agents in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) have been identified. Interindividual heterogeneity warrants further investigation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Multicenter, observational, retrospective study in patients with clear-cell mRCC treated with sunitinib. Patients were classified in two groups: long-term responders (LR) (progression-free survival (PFS)≥22 months and at least stable disease), and primary refractory (PR) (progressive disease within 3-months of sunitinib onset). Objectives were to compare baseline clinical factors in both populations and to correlate tumor expression of selected signaling pathways components with sunitinib PFS. RESULTS 123 patients were analyzed (97 LR, 26 PR). In the LR cohort, overall response rate was 79% and median duration of best response was 30 months. Median PFS and overall survival were 43.2 (95% confidence intervals[CI]:37.2-49.3) and 63.5 months (95%CI:55.1-71.9), respectively. At baseline PR patients had a significantly lower proportion of nephrectomies, higher lactate dehydrogenase and platelets levels, lower hemoglobin, shorter time to and higher presence of metastases, and increased Fuhrman grade. Higher levels of HEYL, HEY and HES1 were observed in LR, although only HEYL discriminated populations significantly (AUC[ROC]=0.704; cut-off=34.85). Increased levels of hsa-miR-27b, hsa-miR-23b and hsa-miR-628-5p were also associated with prolonged survival. No statistical significant associations between hsa-miR-23b or hsa-miR-27b and the expression of c-Met were found. CONCLUSIONS Certain mRCC patients treated with sunitinib achieve extremely long-term responses. Favorable baseline hematology values and longer time to metastasis may predict longer PFS. HEYL, hsa-miR-27b, hsa-miR-23b and hsa-miR-628-5p could be potentially used as biomarkers of sunitinib response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Puente
- Medical Oncology Department, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Laínez
- Medical Oncology Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Dueñas
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT and Instituto Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Spain
| | | | - Emilio Esteban
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Daniel Castellano
- CIBERONC, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, and Instituto Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Martinez-Fernández
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT and Instituto Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis Antón
- Medical Oncology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Luis León
- Promoción e Planificación da Investigación Sanitaria, Axencia de Coñecemento en Saúde, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Julio Lambea
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Sergio Vázquez
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Spain
| | - Cristina Suarez
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Vall d' Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Garcia del Muro
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Gallardo
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - José Pablo Maroto
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Luz Samaniego
- Statistical Department, Trial Form Support TFS people, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Julián Sanz
- Pathology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús M. Paramio
- Molecular Oncology Unit CIEMAT and Instituto Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Spain
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30
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van Beijnum JR, Giovannetti E, Poel D, Nowak-Sliwinska P, Griffioen AW. miRNAs: micro-managers of anticancer combination therapies. Angiogenesis 2017; 20:269-285. [PMID: 28474282 PMCID: PMC5519663 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-017-9545-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of cancer progression and as such has been considered a target of therapeutic interest. However, single targeted agents have not fully lived up to the initial promise of anti-angiogenic therapy. Therefore, it has been suggested that combining therapies and agents will be the way forward in the oncology field. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have received considerable attention as drivers of tumor development and progression, either acting as tumor suppressors or as oncogenes (so-called oncomiRs), as well as in the process of tumor angiogenesis (angiomiRs). Not only from a functional, but also from a therapeutic view, miRNAs are attractive tools. Thus far, several mimics and antagonists of miRNAs have entered clinical development. Here, we review the provenance and promise of miRNAs as targets as well as therapeutics to contribute to anti-angiogenesis-based (combination) treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy R van Beijnum
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VUMC - Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Laboratory Medical Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, VUMC - Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Poel
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VUMC - Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VUMC - Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center (VUmc), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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31
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García-Donas J, Beuselinck B, Inglada-Pérez L, Graña O, Schöffski P, Wozniak A, Bechter O, Apellániz-Ruiz M, Leandro-García LJ, Esteban E, Castellano DE, González Del Alba A, Climent MA, Hernando S, Arranz JA, Morente M, Pisano DG, Robledo M, Rodriguez-Antona C. Deep sequencing reveals microRNAs predictive of antiangiogenic drug response. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e86051. [PMID: 27699216 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients are treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in first-line treatment; however, a fraction are refractory to these antiangiogenic drugs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are regulatory molecules proven to be accurate biomarkers in cancer. Here, we identified miRNAs predictive of progressive disease under TKI treatment through deep sequencing of 74 metastatic clear cell RCC cases uniformly treated with these drugs. Twenty-nine miRNAs were differentially expressed in the tumors of patients who progressed under TKI therapy (P values from 6 × 10-9 to 3 × 10-3). Among 6 miRNAs selected for validation in an independent series, the most relevant associations corresponded to miR-1307-3p, miR-155-5p, and miR-221-3p (P = 4.6 × 10-3, 6.5 × 10-3, and 3.4 × 10-2, respectively). Furthermore, a 2 miRNA-based classifier discriminated individuals with progressive disease upon TKI treatment (AUC = 0.75, 95% CI, 0.64-0.85; P = 1.3 × 10-4) with better predictive value than clinicopathological risk factors commonly used. We also identified miRNAs significantly associated with progression-free survival and overall survival (P = 6.8 × 10-8 and 7.8 × 10-7 for top hits, respectively), and 7 overlapped with early progressive disease. In conclusion, this is the first miRNome comprehensive study, to our knowledge, that demonstrates a predictive value of miRNAs for TKI response and provides a new set of relevant markers that can help rationalize metastatic RCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús García-Donas
- Oncology Unit, HM Hospitales - Centro Integral Oncológico HM Clara Campal, Madrid, Spain.,Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group, Madrid, Spain
| | - Benoit Beuselinck
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, and.,Laboratory for Experimental Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucía Inglada-Pérez
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain
| | - Osvaldo Graña
- Bioinformatics Unit, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrick Schöffski
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, and.,Laboratory for Experimental Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Oliver Bechter
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, and.,Laboratory for Experimental Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Apellániz-Ruiz
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Javier Leandro-García
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Esteban
- Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Daniel E Castellano
- Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aranzazu González Del Alba
- Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Climent
- Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, Spain
| | - Susana Hernando
- Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Angel Arranz
- Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Morente
- Tumour Bank Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - David G Pisano
- Bioinformatics Unit, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Robledo
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodriguez-Antona
- Hereditary Endocrine Cancer Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Madrid, Spain
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MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Renal Cell Carcinoma and Their Diagnostic and Prognostic Utility as Cancer Biomarkers. Int J Biol Markers 2016; 31:e26-37. [DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To provide information about the role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and their diagnostic and prognostic utility as cancer biomarkers. Methods A literature search was performed in the PubMed and Web of Science databases using the keywords “renal cancer/renal cell carcinoma/kidney cancer” and “miR*/miRNA*/microRNA*”. Articles dealing with the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of RCC, diagnostic miRNAs and prognostic miRNAs were separated. Results MiRNAs act both as oncogenes and tumor suppressors. They regulate apoptosis, cell growth, migration, invasion, proliferation, colony formation and angiogenesis through target proteins involved in several signaling pathways, and they are involved in key pathogenetic mechanisms such as hypoxia (HIF/VHL dependent) and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Differentially expressed miRNAs can discriminate either tumor tissue from healthy renal tissue or different RCC subtypes. Circulating miRNAs are promissing as diagnostic biomarkers of RCC. Information about urinary miRNAs associated with RCC is sparse. Detection of a relapse is another implication of diagnostic miRNAs. The expression profiles of several miRNAs correlate with the prognosis of RCC patients. Comparison between primary tumor tissue and metastasis may help identify high-risk primary tumors. Finally, response to target therapy can be estimated thanks to differences in miRNA expression in tissue and serum of therapy-resistant versus therapy-sensitive patients. Conclusions Our understanding of the role of microRNAs in RCC pathogenesis has been increasing dramatically. Identification and validation of their gene targets may have direct impact on developing microRNA-based anticancer therapy. Several microRNAs can serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Diekstra MHM, Swen JJ, Gelderblom H, Guchelaar HJ. A decade of pharmacogenomics research on tyrosine kinase inhibitors in metastatic renal cell cancer: a systematic review. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2016; 16:605-18. [PMID: 26837796 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2016.1148601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The individual response to targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) is highly variable. Outlined in this article are findings on potential biomarkers for TKI treatment outcome in mRCC and an evaluation of the status of clinical implementation. METHODS Articles were selected by two independent reviewers using a systematic search in five medical databases on renal cell carcinoma, TKIs, and pharmacogenetics. RESULTS Many researchers have focused on predictive biomarkers for treatment outcome of targeted therapies in mRCC patients. Attempts to explain differences in efficacy and toxicity of TKIs by use of genetic variants in genes related to the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug have been successful. CONCLUSION Most findings on potential biomarkers have not been validated and therefore biomarker testing to guide choice of therapy and dose in mRCC is not yet feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meta H M Diekstra
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands
| | - Jesse J Swen
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands
| | - Hans Gelderblom
- b Department of Medical Oncology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands
| | - Henk-Jan Guchelaar
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology , Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands
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Schubert M, Junker K, Heinzelmann J. Prognostic and predictive miRNA biomarkers in bladder, kidney and prostate cancer: Where do we stand in biomarker development? J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 142:1673-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-2089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Koturbash I, Tolleson WH, Guo L, Yu D, Chen S, Hong H, Mattes W, Ning B. microRNAs as pharmacogenomic biomarkers for drug efficacy and drug safety assessment. Biomark Med 2015; 9:1153-76. [PMID: 26501795 PMCID: PMC5712454 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.15.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Much evidence has documented that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the modulation of interindividual variability in the production of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters (DMETs) and nuclear receptors (NRs) through multidirectional interactions involving environmental stimuli/stressors, the expression of miRNA molecules and genetic polymorphisms. MiRNA expression has been reported to be affected by drugs and miRNAs themselves may affect drug metabolism and toxicity. In cancer research, miRNA biomarkers have been identified to mediate intrinsic and acquired resistance to cancer therapies. In drug safety assessment, miRNAs have been found associated with cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. This review article summarizes published studies to show that miRNAs can serve as early biomarkers for the evaluation of drug efficacy and drug safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Koturbash
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - William H Tolleson
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Dianke Yu
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Si Chen
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Huixiao Hong
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - William Mattes
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Baitang Ning
- National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food & Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
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MicroRNAs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: biological functions and applications. J Kidney Cancer VHL 2015; 2:140-152. [PMID: 28326269 PMCID: PMC5345517 DOI: 10.15586/jkcvhl.2015.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are small noncoding RNAs that govern many biological processes. They frequently acquire a gain or a loss of function in cancer and hence play a causative role in the development and progression of neoplasms. They could be used as biomarkers to improve our knowledge on diagnosis, prognosis and drug resistance, and to attempt therapeutic approaches in several types of cancer including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). ccRCC is the most predominant subtype of RCC that accounts for about 90% of all renal cancers. Since ccRCC is generally asymptomatic until very late, it is difficult to diagnose early. Moreover, in the absence of preventive treatments for metastatic ccRCC after surgical resection of the primary cancer, predictive prognostic biomarkers are needed in order to achieve appropriate therapies. Herein the role of miRs in the biology of ccRCC and the potential applications of these molecules are discussed. Moreover, future applications in the diagnostic and prognostic field, as well as their impact on drug response and therapeutic targets are also explored. Their use in clinical practice as molecular biomarkers alone, or in combination with other biological markers could accelerate progress, help design personalized therapies, limit side effects, and improve quality of life of ccRCC patients.
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Wang X, Chen X, Han W, Ruan A, Chen L, Wang R, Xu Z, Xiao P, Lu X, Zhao Y, Zhou J, Chen S, Du Q, Yang H, Zhang X. miR-200c Targets CDK2 and Suppresses Tumorigenesis in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 13:1567-77. [PMID: 26248649 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-15-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuegang Wang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China. Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Xuanyu Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Han
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Anming Ruan
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Zhenghong Xu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Pei Xiao
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Xing Lu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Shaoyong Chen
- Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Quansheng Du
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China.
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Khella HWZ, Butz H, Ding Q, Rotondo F, Evans KR, Kupchak P, Dharsee M, Latif A, Pasic MD, Lianidou E, Bjarnason GA, Yousef GM. miR-221/222 Are Involved in Response to Sunitinib Treatment in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. Mol Ther 2015. [PMID: 26201448 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2015.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib is a multitargeting tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for metastatic renal cancer. There are no biomarkers that can predict sunitinib response. Such markers are needed to avoid administration of costly medication with side effects to patients who would not benefit from it. We compared global miRNA expression between patients with a short (≤12 months) versus prolonged (>12 months) progression-free survival (PFS) under sunitinib as first-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. We identified a number of differentially expressed miRNAs and developed miRNA statistical models that can accurately distinguish between the two groups. We validated our models in the discovery set and an independent set of 57 patients. Target prediction and pathway analysis showed that these miRNAs are involved in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), TGFβ, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-mediated signaling and cell-cell communication. We tested the effect of these miRNAs on cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. We validated the negative correlation between miR-221 and its target, VEGFR2.miR-221 overexpression was associated with a poor PFS while its target, VEGFR2 was associated with longer survival. Gain of function experiments showed that miR-221 and miR-222 decreased angiogenesis and cellular proliferation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) while increasing cellular proliferation in ACHN cells. miRNAs represent potential predictive markers for sunitinib response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba W Z Khella
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Henriett Butz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fabio Rotondo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth R Evans
- Ontario Cancer Biomarker Network, MaRS Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Kupchak
- Ontario Cancer Biomarker Network, MaRS Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Moyez Dharsee
- Ontario Cancer Biomarker Network, MaRS Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ashraf Latif
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria D Pasic
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evi Lianidou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georg A Bjarnason
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - George M Yousef
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Chan JY, Choudhury Y, Tan MH. Predictive molecular biomarkers to guide clinical decision making in kidney cancer: current progress and future challenges. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2015; 15:631-46. [PMID: 25837857 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2015.1032261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although the past decade has seen a surfeit of new targeted therapies for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), no predictive molecular biomarker is currently used in routine clinical practice to guide personalized therapy as a companion diagnostic. Many putative biomarkers have been suggested, but none have undergone rigorous validation. There have been considerable advances in the biological understanding of RCC in recent years, with the development of accompanying molecular diagnostics that with additional validation, may be helpful for routine clinical decision making. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of predictive biomarkers in RCC management and also highlight upcoming developments of interest in biomarker research for personalizing RCC diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Yongsheng Chan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, Singapore
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40
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Nair S, Kong ANT. Architecture of Signature miRNA Regulatory Networks in Cancer Chemoprevention. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40495-014-0014-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Li M, Wang Y, Song Y, Bu R, Yin B, Fei X, Guo Q, Wu B. MicroRNAs in renal cell carcinoma: a systematic review of clinical implications (Review). Oncol Rep 2015; 33:1571-8. [PMID: 25682771 PMCID: PMC4358077 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in the understanding of the biology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), successful surgical treatment and implementation of novel-targeted therapies, the prognosis for RCC patients remains poor. Late presentation, tumor heterogeneity and in particular the lack of molecular biomarkers for early detection, classification and the surveillance of RCC treatments are major obstacles. The increasing knowledge regarding the functional role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in pathophysiological processes may provide an important link to the identification of suitable therapeutic targets and diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for RCC. The aim of this review was to provide new insight into the function of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of RCC and to emphasize their potential as diagnostic and prognostic markers, as well as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yongsheng Song
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Renge Bu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yin
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Fei
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Qizhen Guo
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Joosten SC, Hamming L, Soetekouw PM, Aarts MJ, Veeck J, van Engeland M, Tjan-Heijnen VC. Resistance to sunitinib in renal cell carcinoma: From molecular mechanisms to predictive markers and future perspectives. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2014; 1855:1-16. [PMID: 25446042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of agents that inhibit tumor angiogenesis by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling has made a significant impact on the survival of patients with metastasized renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the VEGF receptor, has become the mainstay of treatment for these patients. Although treatment with sunitinib substantially improved patient outcome, the initial success is overshadowed by the occurrence of resistance. The mechanisms of resistance are poorly understood. Insight into the molecular mechanisms of resistance will help to better understand the biology of RCC and can ultimately aid the development of more effective therapies for patients with this infaust disease. In this review we comprehensively discuss molecular mechanisms of resistance to sunitinib and the involved biological processes, summarize potential biomarkers that predict response and resistance to treatment with sunitinib, and elaborate on future perspectives in the treatment of metastasized RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Joosten
- Division of Medical Oncology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - L Hamming
- Division of Medical Oncology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - P M Soetekouw
- Division of Medical Oncology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - M J Aarts
- Division of Medical Oncology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - J Veeck
- Division of Medical Oncology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - M van Engeland
- Dept. of Pathology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - V C Tjan-Heijnen
- Division of Medical Oncology, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Laguna MP. Re: Tivozanib versus Sorafenib as Initial Targeted Therapy for Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results from a Phase III Trial. J Urol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Expression of the tumor suppressive miRNA-23b/27b cluster is a good prognostic marker in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Urol 2014; 192:1822-30. [PMID: 25014580 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We observed abnormal expression of the microRNA-23b/27b (miR-23b/27b) cluster in our previous study of miRNA expression signatures. However, the relationship between aberrant miRNA expression and clear cell renal cell carcinoma is not well established. We investigated the functional significance of the miR-23b/27b cluster in clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells and evaluated these miRNAs as biomarkers to predict the risk of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression levels of miR-23b and miR-27b were determined by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The association between miRNA expression and overall survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Gain of function assays were performed using mature miR-23b and miR-27b in the 786-O and A498 renal cell carcinoma cell lines. Targets regulated by these miRNAs were predicted by in silico analysis. RESULTS Expression of the miR-23b/27b cluster was significantly decreased in clear cell renal cell carcinoma tissue specimens and associated with pathological grade and stage. Significantly shorter overall survival was observed in patients with lower expression of the miR-23b/27b cluster. Restoration of miR-23b and miR-27b significantly inhibited cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS Expression of the miR-23b/27b cluster was frequently decreased in clear cell renal cell carcinoma tissue. Reduced expression of these miRNAs increased the risk of disease progression and predicted poor survival. Thus, miR-23b and miR-27b function as tumor suppressors, targeting several oncogenic genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells.
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Chen X, Ruan A, Wang X, Han W, Wang R, Lou N, Ruan H, Qiu B, Yang H, Zhang X. miR-129-3p, as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for renal cell carcinoma, attenuates cell migration and invasion via downregulating multiple metastasis-related genes. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 140:1295-304. [PMID: 24802708 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1690-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Downregulation of miRNA expression has been identified as a novel feature of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Recently, miR-129-2 is well known to be frequently reduced by DNA methylation and has anti-tumor effects in various tumors but so far not in RCC. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance and the role of it in RCC. METHODS The expression levels of miR-129-3p and miR-129-5p, two mature products of miR-129-2, were determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR in 69 cases of paired different kidney tumors and normal tissues and clear cell RCC (ccRCC) cell lines. The roles of them in RCC cells were assessed by functional analyses. Protein expression was detected by Western blot. RESULTS miR-129-3p, but not miR-129-5p, was widely attenuated in human ccRCC, and chromophobe RCC. miR-129-3p could yield 73.5 % accuracy in discriminating ccRCCs from normal tissues. The relative miR-129-3p expression significantly differed between malignant and benign kidney tumors. Importantly, low miR-129-3p levels were associated with short disease-free and overall survival. Ectopic expression of miR-129-3p robustly impaired RCC cell migratory and invasive properties, but had no impact on cell viability and cell cycle distribution. Finally, miR-129-3p decreased multiple metastasis-related genes in RCC cells, including SOX4, phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and MMP-2/9 expression. CONCLUSIONS miR-129-3p may act as a promising diagnostic biomarker for discriminating ccRCC from benign tumors and normal tissues and an independent prognostic biomarker in ccRCC. miR-129-3p may exert its anti-metastatic function through modulating multiple targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Sunitinib resistance in renal cell carcinoma. J Kidney Cancer VHL 2014; 1:1-11. [PMID: 28326244 PMCID: PMC5345511 DOI: 10.15586/jkcvhl.2014.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Of the many targeted therapies introduced since 2006, sunitinib has carved its way to become the most commonly used first-line therapy for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Despite significant improvements in progression-free survival, 30% of the patients are intrinsically resistant to sunitinib and the remaining 70% who respond initially will eventually become resistant in 6-15 months. While the molecular mechanisms of acquired resistance to sunitinib have been unravelling at a rapid rate, the mechanisms of intrinsic resistance remain elusive. Combination therapy, sunitinib rechallenge and sequential therapy have been investigated as means to overcome resistance to sunitinib. Of these, sequential therapy appears to be the most promising strategy. This mini review summarises our emerging understanding of the molecular mechanisms, and the strategies employed to overcome sunitinib resistance.
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Chen X, Wang X, Ruan A, Han W, Zhao Y, Lu X, Xiao P, Shi H, Wang R, Chen L, Chen S, Du Q, Yang H, Zhang X. miR-141 is a key regulator of renal cell carcinoma proliferation and metastasis by controlling EphA2 expression. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:2617-30. [PMID: 24647573 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-3224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although microRNAs (miRNA) have been revealed as crucial modulators of tumorigenesis, our understanding of their roles in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is limited. Here we sought to identify human miRNAs that act as key regulators of renal carcinogenesis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed microarray-based miRNA profiling of clear cell RCC (ccRCC) and adjacent normal tissues and then explored the roles of miR-141 both in vitro and in vivo, which was the most significantly downregulated in ccRCC tissues. RESULTS A total of 74 miRNAs were dysregulated in ccRCC compared with normal tissues. miR-141 was remarkably downregulated in 92.6% (63/68) ccRCC tissues and would serve as a promising biomarker for discriminating ccRCC from normal tissues with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.93. Overexpression of miR-141 robustly impaired ccRCC cell migratory and invasive properties and suppressed cell proliferation by arresting cells at G0-G1 phase in vitro and in human RCC orthotopic xenografts. Significantly, the antitumor activities of miR-141 were mediated by its reversal regulation of erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) A2 (EphA2), which then relayed a signaling transduction cascade to attenuate the functions of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), AKT, and MMP2/9. In addition, a specific and inverse correlation between miR-141 and EphA2 expression was obtained in human ccRCC samples. Finally, miR-141 could be secreted from the ccRCC donor cells, and be taken up and function moderately in the ccRCC recipient cells. CONCLUSION miR-141 serves as a potential biomarker for discriminating ccRCC from normal tissues and a crucial suppressor of ccRCC cell proliferation and metastasis by modulating the EphA2/p-FAK/p-AKT/MMPs signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Chen
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology, Union Hospital; Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Xuegang Wang
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology, Union Hospital; Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Anming Ruan
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology, Union Hospital; Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Weiwei Han
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology, Union Hospital; Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Yan Zhao
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology, Union Hospital; Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Xing Lu
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology, Union Hospital; Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Pei Xiao
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology, Union Hospital; Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Hangchuan Shi
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology, Union Hospital; Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Rong Wang
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology, Union Hospital; Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Li Chen
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology, Union Hospital; Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Shaoyong Chen
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology, Union Hospital; Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Quansheng Du
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology, Union Hospital; Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology, Union Hospital; Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Urology, Union Hospital; Department of Pathogen Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Cancer Biology Program, Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Neurology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
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MicroRNAs: master regulators of drug resistance, stemness, and metastasis. J Mol Med (Berl) 2014; 92:321-36. [PMID: 24509937 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-014-1129-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 20-22 nucleotides long small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Last decade has witnessed emerging evidences of active roles of miRNAs in tumor development, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Many factors contribute to their dysregulation in cancer, such as chromosomal aberrations, differential methylation of their own or host genes' promoters and alterations in miRNA biogenesis pathways. miRNAs have been shown to act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes depending on the targets they regulate and the tissue where they are expressed. Because miRNAs can regulate dozens of genes simultaneously and they can function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes, they have been proposed as promising targets for cancer therapy. In this review, we focus on the role of miRNAs in driving drug resistance and metastasis which are associated with stem cell properties of cancer cells. Furthermore, we discuss systems biology approaches to combine experimental and computational methods to study effects of miRNAs on gene or protein networks regulating these processes. Finally, we describe methods to target oncogenic or replace tumor suppressor miRNAs and current delivery strategies to sensitize refractory cells and to prevent metastasis. A holistic understanding of miRNAs' functions in drug resistance and metastasis, which are major causes of cancer-related deaths, and the development of novel strategies to target them efficiently will pave the way towards better translation of miRNAs into clinics and management of cancer therapy.
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Renal carcinoma pharmacogenomics and predictors of response: Steps toward treatment individualization. Urol Oncol 2014; 33:179-86. [PMID: 24495452 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular knowledge has deeply affected the treatment and outcome of kidney cancer in recent years, and several therapeutic options have become available. However, there are no validated biomarkers to select the best drug for each patient. Already published studies and ongoing investigations could change this scenario in the near future. Regarding antiangiogenic drugs, several works on single nucleotide polymorphisms have achieved promising results, with some SNPs predicting resistance to sunitinib and pazopanib being validated. If more evidence is gained, it could prompt prospective studies exploring a molecularly driven selection of treatment. Another relevant line of investigation for antiangiogenic drugs is the cytokines and antiangiogenic factors. Different studies have found that cytokines and antiangiogenic factors are able to predict the outcome of patients treated with sunitinib, pazopanib, or sorafenib. Issues regarding the thresholds of normality and the best time for assessment are pending, but the communicated results are encouraging. Less evidence is available for mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors but recent data support a key role of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and points toward poor response to angiogenic drugs when the pathway is activated. Whether modern phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors could be the best option for these patients is a question that should be addressed. Additionally, a new class of immunomodulators, like anti-programmed death 1 drugs, has demonstrated to achieve long-lasting stabilizations even in some patients with no radiological response or early progression. This is a singular situation where the identification of reliable predictors of efficacy will be key in the development of these drugs in renal cell carcinoma. Finally, germline mutations of the c-Met gene have been proposed as the first predictor of response to targeted therapies in papillary renal cell carcinoma. As a conclusion, translational research will be a cornerstone to move a next step forward in kidney cancer.
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Zhu ZM, Xu YF, Su QJ, Du JD, Tan XL, Tu YL, Tan JW, Jiao HB. Prognostic significance of microRNA-141 expression and its tumor suppressor function in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 388:39-49. [PMID: 24242138 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1897-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that dysregulation of microRNAs is correlated with tumor development. This study was performed to determine the expression of miR-141 and investigate its clinical significance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Taqman quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect miR-141 expressions in 94 PDAC tissues and 16 nontumorous pancreatic tissues. Correlations between miR-141 expression and clinicopathologic features and prognosis of patients were statistically analyzed. The effects of miR-141 expression on growth and apoptosis of PDAC cell line (PANC-1) were determined by MTT, colony formation, and flow cytometry assays. Potential target genes were identified by luciferase reporter and Western blot assays. The expression level of miR-141 in PDAC tissues was significantly lower than that in corresponding nontumorous tissues. Downregulation of miR-141 correlated with poorer pT and pN status, advanced clinical stage, and lymphatic invasion. Also, low miR-141 expression in PDAC tissues was significantly correlated with shorter overall survival, and multivariate analysis showed that miR-141 was an independent prognostic factor for PDAC patients. Further, functional researches suggested that miR-141 inhibits growth and colony formation, and enhances caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in PANC-1 cells by targeting Yes-associated protein-1 (YAP1). Therefore, miR-141 is an independent prognostic factor for PDAC patients, and functions as a tumor suppressor gene by targeting YAP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Man Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fucheng Road 51, Haidian District, Beijing, 100048, China
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