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Kim HR, Kim JM, Baek JS, Park J, Kim WI, Ku BK, Jeoung HY, Lee KK, Park CK. An Advanced Multiplex Real-Time Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Rapid and Reliable Detection of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus and Porcine Internal Positive Control. Viruses 2023; 15:2204. [PMID: 38005882 PMCID: PMC10674262 DOI: 10.3390/v15112204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
For rapid and reliable detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) from pig clinical samples, a multiplex, real-time, reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (mqRT-LAMP) was developed using two sets of primers and assimilating probes specific to the PEDV N gene and the Sus scrofa β-actin gene, which was used as an endogenous internal positive control (EIPC) to avoid false-negative results. The assay specifically amplified both target genes of PEDV and EIPC in a single reaction without any interference but did not amplify other porcine viral nucleic acids. The limit of detection was 10 copies/μL, 100-fold lower than that of a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and equivalent to that of quantitative/real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). This assay has high repeatability and reproducibility with coefficients of variation < 4.0%. The positive signal of the mqRT-LAMP assay was generated within 25 min, demonstrating advantages in rapid detection of PEDV over RT-PCR or qRT-PCR assay, which require at least 2 h turnaround times. In clinical evaluation, the detection rate of PEDV by mqRT-LAMP assay (77.3%) was higher than that of RT-PCR assay (69.7%), and comparable to qRT-PCR (76.8%) with almost 100% concordance (kappa value 0.98). The developed mqRT-LAMP assay can serve as an advanced alternative method for PEDV diagnosis because it has high sensitivity and specificity, rapidity, and reliability even in resource-limited laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ryung Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute for Veterinary Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (H.-R.K.); (J.-M.K.); (J.-S.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Jong-Min Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute for Veterinary Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (H.-R.K.); (J.-M.K.); (J.-S.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Ji-Su Baek
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute for Veterinary Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (H.-R.K.); (J.-M.K.); (J.-S.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Jonghyun Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute for Veterinary Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (H.-R.K.); (J.-M.K.); (J.-S.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Won-Il Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea;
| | - Bok Kyung Ku
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea; (B.K.K.); (H.-Y.J.); (K.-K.L.)
| | - Hye-Young Jeoung
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea; (B.K.K.); (H.-Y.J.); (K.-K.L.)
| | - Kyoung-Ki Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea; (B.K.K.); (H.-Y.J.); (K.-K.L.)
| | - Choi-Kyu Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute for Veterinary Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; (H.-R.K.); (J.-M.K.); (J.-S.B.); (J.P.)
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Jeon GT, Kim HR, Kim JM, Baek JS, Shin YK, Kwon OK, Kang HE, Cho HS, Cheon DS, Park CK. Tailored Multiplex Real-Time RT-PCR with Species-Specific Internal Positive Controls for Detecting SARS-CoV-2 in Canine and Feline Clinical Samples. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040602. [PMID: 36830388 PMCID: PMC9951688 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have been frequently reported in companion dogs and cats worldwide during the ongoing coronavirus disease. However, RT-qPCR methods developed for humans have been used for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections in suspected companion dogs and cats owing to the lack of the companion animal-tailored methods. Therefore, we developed a multiplex RT-qPCR (mRT-qPCR) using newly designed primers and probes targeting RdRp and N genes of all currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants as well as the canine or feline 16S rRNA gene as an endogenous internal positive control (EIPC) for reliable diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection from suspected dogs and cats. The developed mRT-qPCR assay specifically detected the target genes of SARS-CoV-2 but no other canine or feline pathogens. Furthermore, canine and feline EIPCs were stably amplified by mRT-qPCR in samples containing canine- or feline-origin cellular materials. This assay has high repeatability and reproducibility, with an optimal limit of detection (<10 RNA copies per reaction) and coefficients of variation (<1.0%). The detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 of the developed mRT-qPCR was 6.6% for canine and feline nasopharyngeal samples, which was consistent with that of a commercial mRT-qPCR kit for humans. Collectively, the newly developed mRT-qPCR with canine and feline EIPC can efficiently diagnose and evaluate the viral load in field specimens and will be a valuable tool for etiological diagnosis, epidemiological study, and controlling SARS-CoV-2 infections in canine and feline populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyu-Tae Jeon
- Animal Disease Intervention Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ryung Kim
- Animal Disease Intervention Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Kim
- Animal Disease Intervention Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Baek
- Animal Disease Intervention Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeun-Kyung Shin
- Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh-Kyu Kwon
- Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Eun Kang
- Foreign Animal Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Seong Cho
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Choi-Kyu Park
- Animal Disease Intervention Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-5973
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Pham D, Howard-Jones AR, Hueston L, Jeoffreys N, Doggett S, Rockett R, Eden JS, Sintchenko V, Chen SCA, O’Sullivan MV, Maddocks S, Dwyer DE, Kok J. Emergence of Japanese encephalitis in Australia: a diagnostic perspective. Pathology 2022; 54:669-677. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Albuquerque DC, Martins VC, Fernandes E, Zé-Zé L, Alves MJ, Cardoso S. Combined detection of molecular and serological signatures of viral infections: The dual assay concept. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 210:114302. [PMID: 35487137 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The recent worldwide spread of viral infections has highlighted the need for accurate, fast, and inexpensive disease diagnosis and monitorization methods. Current diagnostics tend to focus either on molecular or serological testing. In this work we propose a dual detection assay approach for viral diseases, where both serological and molecular assays are combined in a single analysis performed on a magnetoresistive system. This type of assay guarantees an accurate assessment of the infection phase, saving time and costs associated with multiple independent tests. Zika and dengue viruses were used as model diseases for the validation of the system. Human IgG anti-zika and anti-dengue antibodies were successfully detected in infected patients' serum, using a novel approach combining competitive and sandwich strategies in a magnetoresistive portable platform. Specificity and sensitivity values of 100% were obtained. Calibration curves with dynamic ranges between 10 ng/mL and 1 μg/mL were established achieving LODs of 1.26 and 1.38 nM for IgG anti-ZIKV and anti-DENV antibodies, respectively. Viral RNA detection down to a few hundreds of pM was also successfully carried out after the design of specific oligo probes and primers for RT-PCR amplification. Dual assays were performed for both viruses, where viral RNA and anti-virus antibodies in serum samples were simultaneously detected. The results obtained for the detection of the molecular and serological targets in the dual assay format show no significant difference between the ones obtained individually, proving the feasibility and accuracy of the dual detection assay. This assay format represents a new paradigm in viral infections diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora C Albuquerque
- IST - Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, 1049-001, Portugal; INESC-MN-Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas E Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias, Lisboa, 1000-029, Portugal; INL, International Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, 4715-330, Portugal.
| | - Verónica C Martins
- INESC-MN-Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas E Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias, Lisboa, 1000-029, Portugal
| | | | - Líbia Zé-Zé
- INSA- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research, Águas de Moura, 2965-575, Portugal; BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Edificio TecLabs, Campus da FCUL, Campo Grande, Lisboa, 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Maria João Alves
- INSA- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research, Águas de Moura, 2965-575, Portugal
| | - Susana Cardoso
- IST - Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, 1049-001, Portugal; INESC-MN-Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas E Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias, Lisboa, 1000-029, Portugal
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Abstract
It is unclear whether West Nile virus (WNV) circulates endemically in Portugal. Despite the country’s adequate climate for transmission, Portugal has only reported four human WNV infections so far. We performed a review of WNV-related data (1966–2020), explored mosquito (2016–2019) and land type distributions (1992–2019), and used climate data (1981–2019) to estimate WNV transmission suitability in Portugal. Serological and molecular evidence of WNV circulation from animals and vectors was largely restricted to the south. Land type and climate-driven transmission suitability distributions, but not the distribution of WNV-capable vectors, were compatible with the North-South divide present in serological and molecular evidence of WNV circulation. Our study offers a comprehensive, data-informed perspective and review on the past epidemiology, surveillance and climate-driven transmission suitability of WNV in Portugal, highlighting the south as a subregion of importance. Given the recent WNV outbreaks across Europe, our results support a timely change towards local, active surveillance. Lourenço et al. review historical data and quantify the transmission potential of West Nile virus in Portugal. They report a North-South divide in infection patterns, a higher ecological capacity in the south, and an increasing positive effect of climate change over the last 40 years.
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Development of a Real-Time Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for the Detection of West Nile Virus. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.105443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The West Nile Virus (WNV), discovered in New York, USA in 1999 after it was first isolated in Uganda in 1937, has since spread not only in the United States but also around the world. Africa, Eurasia, Australia, and the Middle East have sporadic cases of the disease. Objectives: We aimed to find real-time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay to be more sensitive than conventional RT-PCR, and more rapid and efficient than conventional RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR for WNV detection. Methods: A total of 32 genomic sequences from different strains of WNV were analyzed to identify conserved nucleotide sequence regions. Six WNV specific RT-LAMP primers targeting the E gene were designed. Results: The novel primer for the real-time RT-LAMP assay can detect WNV with high specificity. The efficiency of the real-time RT-LAMP assay is higher than the conventional RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR. Real-time RT-PCR and conventional PCR require at least 30 – 40 min and 2 h, respectively, to yield results, whereas real-time RT-LAMP provides positive results in only 10 – 20 min. Conclusions: The novel primers were developed by analyzing of 32 genomic sequences of WNV strains. The primers were designed from the most conserved region of the E gene for real-time RT-LAMP. The LAMP assay is a rapid, efficient, highly sensitive, and specific tool for the identification of WNV.
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Lim DR, Kim HR, Chae HG, Ku BK, Nah JJ, Ryoo S, Wee SH, Lee C, Lyoo YS, Park CK. Probe-based real-time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RRT-LAMP) assay for rapid and specific detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 67:2936-2945. [PMID: 32524762 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and specific detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a key factor for promoting prompt control of FMD outbreaks. In this study, a real-time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RRT-LAMP) assay with high sensitivity, rapidity and reliability was developed using a targeted gene-specific assimilating probe for real-time detection of seven FMDV serotypes. Positive assay signals were generated within 15 min for the lowest concentration of a standard RNA sample at 62°C; this was substantially faster than that achieved by the OIE (World Organisation for Animal Health)-recommended real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. The new assay specifically amplified the 3D gene of all seven FMDV serotypes and did not amplify other viral nucleic acids. The detection limit of the assay was 102 copies/µl which is comparable to that achieved by qRT-PCR. Furthermore, using clinical samples, the results of the RRT-LAMP assay were largely in agreement with those from the qRT-PCR assay with a kappa value (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 0.94 (0.86-1.02). The established RRT-LAMP assay that features assimilating probes is an advanced molecular diagnostic tool that is easily applicable to a wide range of circumstances and has high potential for use as an on-site diagnostic assay for rapid, specific, and reliable detection of FMDVs in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Rae Lim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ryung Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Gyeong Chae
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bok-Kyung Ku
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ju Nah
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoon Ryoo
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Wee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhee Lee
- Animal Virology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young S Lyoo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choi-Kyu Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Wang X, Guo S, Hameed M, Zhang J, Pang L, Li B, Qiu Y, Liu K, Shao D, Ma Z, Zhong D, Wei J, Li P. Rapid differential detection of genotype I and III Japanese encephalitis virus from clinical samples by a novel duplex TaqMan probe-based RT-qPCR assay. J Virol Methods 2020; 279:113841. [PMID: 32105753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.113841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is an acute infectious disease that threatens both human and pig populations throughout Asia. JE is caused by the Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV), of which genotype III (GIII) had been the most prevalent strain throughout Asia, but recent studies have shown that genotype I (GI) has replaced GIII as the predominant version. Pigs and mosquitoes play a primary role in JEV transmission. However, a method for the rapid differentiation between JEV G I and G III remains unavailable. This study aimed to establish a rapid JEV genotyping method using novel duplex TaqMan RT-qPCR assay.specific primer and probes located in the PrM/M gene that were able to specifically differentiate GI and GIII JEV, was selected as the duplex TaqMan RT-qPCR target.The specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility test of this assay were validated. The sensitivity of the assay was 10 genomic RNA copies for both GI and GIII JEV in field mosquito and pig samples,and more sensitive than the current methods. In addition, the novel assay can be completed in less than 1 h. Therefore, This duplex TaqMan RT-qPCR assay is a promising tool for rapid differential detection and epidemiology of GI and GIII JEV strains in China. The results showed that co-circulation of GI and GIII infections with GI infection being more prevalent in pigs or mosquitoes in eastern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Muddassar Hameed
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Pang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafeng Qiu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Liu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghua Shao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Dengke Zhong
- Shanghai Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture and Forestry, Shanghai, 201600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianchao Wei
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peng Li
- Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, People's Republic of China.
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Noiva R, Ruivo P, de Carvalho LM, Fonseca C, Fevereiro M, Carvalho P, Orge L, Monteiro M, Peleteiro MC. First description of a fatal equine infection with Halicephalobus gingivalis in Portugal. Relevance for public health. Vet Med Sci 2019; 5:222-229. [PMID: 30672155 PMCID: PMC6498521 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Halicephalobus gingivalis is a small saprophytic rhabditid nematode, represented only by females with a typical rhabditoid oesophagus and one egg in the uterus, capable of infecting vertebrates. This opportunistic parasite present in the soil, manure and decaying humus, is thought to penetrate through previous injuries to the mouth, eyes and skin of horses and migrate to various organs. The brain is one such organ, where the females lay their eggs, leading to malacia and causing a sudden onset of neurological signs, such as anorexia, ataxia, urinary incontinence, blindness, decreased menace and tonal reflexes, tremors and aggressiveness. The disease is invariably fatal whenever brain lesions are present, and the diagnosis usually achieved only post‐mortem. The present work aims to describe the first case of infection by H. gingivalis ever reported in Portugal. An 8‐year old warmblood horse presented with an 8‐day history of progressive blindness involving the left eye, initially with normal pupillary reflexes, advancing to bilateral blindness and increasing deterioration in clinical condition. After euthanasia, the animal was submitted for necropsy. Organ samples were collected and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for routine histopathology. A large mass was found in the left kidney corresponding to fibrous tissue heavily infiltrated with inflammatory cells and numerous nematodes. In the brain, multiple, bilateral and asymmetrical foci of malacia containing several rhabditoid nematodes, larvae and zygotes, and high numbers of inflammatory cells were found. The nematodes were identified as H. gingivalis. The clinical history, necropsy and histological findings presented constitute a typical case of H. gingivalis infection in a horse, never previously described in Portugal to the authors’ best knowledge. Humans can be infected by contact with contaminated manure, which makes this nematode a public health concern, especially for people living and/or working in close proximity to horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rute Noiva
- CIISA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Ruivo
- Integrated Masters Course of Veterinary Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Madeira de Carvalho
- CIISA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Miguel Fevereiro
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços de Produção e Saúde Animal, Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Paulo Carvalho
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços de Produção e Saúde Animal, Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Leonor Orge
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços de Produção e Saúde Animal, Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Madalena Monteiro
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços de Produção e Saúde Animal, Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria Conceição Peleteiro
- CIISA, Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. da Universidade Técnica, Lisbon, Portugal
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Lim DR, Kim HR, Park MJ, Chae HG, Ku BK, Nah JJ, Ryoo SY, Wee SH, Park YR, Jeon HS, Kim JJ, Jeon BY, Lee HW, Yeo SG, Park CK. An improved reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for sensitive and specific detection of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus. J Virol Methods 2018; 260:6-13. [PMID: 29964077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and specific swarm primer-based reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (sRT-LAMP) assay for the detection of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) was developed and evaluated. The assay specifically amplified the VP3 gene of serotype O FMDV, but did not amplify the VP3 gene of other serotype FMDVs or any other viruses. The limit of detection of the assay was 102 TCID50/mL or 103 RNA copies/μL, which is 100 times lower than that of the RT-LAMP assay without swarm primers. The new assay is 10 times more sensitive than reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and is comparable to the sensitivity of real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Evaluation of the assay using different serotypes of FMDV strains showed 100% agreement with the RT-PCR results. The previously reported serotype O FMDV-specific RT-LAMP assay did not detect 20 out of 22 strains of serotype O FMDVs, probably due to multiple mismatches between the primer and template sequences, showing that it is not suitable for detecting the serotype O FMDVs circulating in Pool 1 region countries, including Korea. In contrast, the developed sRT-LAMP assay with improved primers can rapidly and accurately diagnose serotype O FMDVs circulating in Pool 1 region countries and will be a useful alternative to RT-PCR and qRT-PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Rae Lim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ryung Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ji Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Gyeong Chae
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Bok-Kyung Ku
- Foot-and-Mouth Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ju Nah
- Foot-and-Mouth Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yoon Ryoo
- Foot-and-Mouth Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Wee
- Foot-and-Mouth Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Ri Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Avian Influenza Research & Diagnostic Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Bo-Young Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Woo Lee
- Institute of Research and Development, Scorpiogen Co., Hankyong National University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 17579, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Geon Yeo
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Choi-Kyu Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Disease Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Development of an improved RT-qPCR Assay for detection of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) RNA including a systematic review and comprehensive comparison with published methods. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194412. [PMID: 29570739 PMCID: PMC5865736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a major cause of encephalitis in Asia, and the commonest cause of mosquito-borne encephalitis worldwide. Detection of JEV RNA remains challenging due to the characteristic brief and low viraemia, with 0-25% of patients positive, and the mainstay of diagnosis remains detection of anti-JEV IgM antibody. METHODS We performed a systematic review of published RT-PCR protocols, and evaluated them in silico and in vitro alongside new primers and probes designed using a multiple genome alignment of all JEV strains >9,000nt from GenBank, downloaded from the NCBI website (November 2016). The new assays included pan-genotype and genotype specific assays targeting genotypes 1 and 3. RESULTS Ten RT-qPCR assays were compared, a pre-existing in-house assay, three published assays and six newly designed assays, using serial RNA dilutions. We selected three assays, one published and two novel assays, with the lowest limit of detection (LOD) for further optimisation and validation. One of the novel assays, detecting NS2A, showed the best results, with LOD approximately 4 copies/ reaction, and no cross-reaction on testing closely related viruses in the JEV serocomplex, West Nile Virus and St. Louis Virus. The optimised assays were validated in consecutive patients with central nervous system infections admitted to hospitals in Laos, testing paired CSF and serum samples. CONCLUSIONS We succeeded in developing a JEV specific RT-qPCR assay with at least 1 log10 improved sensitivity as compared to existing assays. Further evaluation is required, field-testing the assay in a larger group of patients.
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12
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Choi W, Yeom SY, Kim J, Jung S, Jung S, Shim TS, Kim SK, Kang JY, Lee SH, Cho IJ, Choi J, Choi N. Hydrogel micropost-based qPCR for multiplex detection of miRNAs associated with Alzheimer's disease. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 101:235-244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Khan E, Barr KL, Farooqi JQ, Prakoso D, Abbas A, Khan ZY, Ashi S, Imtiaz K, Aziz Z, Malik F, Lednicky JA, Long MT. Human West Nile Virus Disease Outbreak in Pakistan, 2015-2016. Front Public Health 2018. [PMID: 29535994 PMCID: PMC5835076 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Like most of the world, Pakistan has seen an increase in mosquito-transmitted diseases in recent years. The magnitude and distribution of these diseases are poorly understood as Pakistan does not have a nation-wide system for reporting disease. A cross-sectional study to determine which flaviviruses were causing of arboviral disease in Pakistan was instituted. West Nile virus (WNV) is a cause of seasonal fever with neurotropic findings in countries that share borders with Pakistan. Here, we describe the active and persistent circulation of WNV in humans in the southern region of Pakistan. This is the first report of WNV causing neurological disease in human patients in this country. Of 997 enrolled patients presenting with clinical features suggestive of arboviral disease, 105 were positive for WNV IgM antibodies, and 71 of these patients possessed WNV-specific neutralizing antibodies. Cross-reactivity of WNV IgM antibodies with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) occurred in 75 of these 105 patients. WNV co-infections with Dengue viruses were not a contributing factor for the severity of disease. Nor did prior exposure to dengue virus contribute to incidence of neurological involvement in WNV-infected patients. Patients with WNV infections were more likely to present with altered mental status, seizures, and reduced Glasgow Coma scores when compared with JEV-infected patients. Human WNV cases and vector numbers exhibited a temporal correlation with climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erum Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kelli L Barr
- Department of Comparative Diagnostic and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Joveria Qais Farooqi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Dhani Prakoso
- Department of Comparative Diagnostic and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Alizeh Abbas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zain Yar Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shanze Ashi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kehkashan Imtiaz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Z Aziz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Malik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - John A Lednicky
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Maureen T Long
- Department of Comparative Diagnostic and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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14
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West Nile virus in horses during the summer and autumn seasons of 2015 and 2016, Portugal. Vet Microbiol 2017; 212:75-79. [PMID: 29173592 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
West Nile fever (WNF) is an emergent disease in Europe, under surveillance in the European Union. Following a 5-year period of apparent silence (autumn 2010 to summer 2015), West Nile virus (WNV) reemerged in the South of Portugal, in July 2015. Here we present data from the onset, geographic location within mainland Portugal, and outcome of clinical cases of WNV infection in horses in 2015 and 2016. During the transmission seasons of 2015 and 2016, twenty-seven horses, most symptomatic (n=20) were found positive to IgM, pr-E immunoglobulins and VNT, leading to the subsequent report to Animal Disease Notification System of the European Commission (ADNS) by the Portuguese National Authority for Animal Health. Outbreaks occurred in the middle summer (August) and early/mid autumn (October/November) of 2015 and 2016, in the southern regions of the country (Alentejo and Algarve). Compared with the previous WNV transmission seasons of 2004 and 2010, a higher number of cases were reported in 2015 and 2016. The results of our study contribute to increase information concerning the geographic areas affected and time period for WNV transmission risk in Portugal.
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15
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More S, Bøtner A, Butterworth A, Calistri P, Depner K, Edwards S, Garin‐Bastuji B, Good M, Gortázar Schmidt C, Michel V, Miranda MA, Nielsen SS, Raj M, Sihvonen L, Spoolder H, Stegeman JA, Thulke H, Velarde A, Willeberg P, Winckler C, Baldinelli F, Broglia A, Dhollander S, Beltrán‐Beck B, Kohnle L, Morgado J, Bicout D. Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): West Nile fever. EFSA J 2017; 15:e04955. [PMID: 32625621 PMCID: PMC7009844 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
West Nile fever (WNF) has been assessed according to the criteria of the Animal Health Law (AHL), in particular criteria of Article 7 on disease profile and impacts, Article 5 on the eligibility of WNF to be listed, Article 9 for the categorisation of WNF according to disease prevention and control rules as in Annex IV and Article 8 on the list of animal species related to WNF. The assessment has been performed following a methodology composed of information collection and compilation, expert judgement on each criterion at individual and, if no consensus was reached before, also at collective level. The output is composed of the categorical answer, and for the questions where no consensus was reached, the different supporting views are reported. Details on the methodology used for this assessment are explained in a separate opinion. According to the assessment performed, WNF can be considered eligible to be listed for Union intervention as laid down in Article 5(3) of the AHL. The disease would comply with the criteria as in Sections 2 and 5 of Annex IV of the AHL, for the application of the disease prevention and control rules referred to in points (b) and (e) of Article 9(1). The animal species to be listed for WNF according to Article 8(3) criteria are several orders of birds and mammals as susceptible species and several families of birds as reservoir. Different mosquito species can serve as vectors.
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16
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Cappelle J, Duong V, Pring L, Kong L, Yakovleff M, Prasetyo DB, Peng B, Choeung R, Duboz R, Ong S, Sorn S, Dussart P, Tarantola A, Buchy P, Chevalier V. Intensive Circulation of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Peri-urban Sentinel Pigs near Phnom Penh, Cambodia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0005149. [PMID: 27926937 PMCID: PMC5142769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the increased use of vaccination in several Asian countries, Japanese Encephalitis (JE) remains the most important cause of viral encephalitis in Asia in humans with an estimated 68,000 cases annually. Considered a rural disease occurring mainly in paddy-field dominated landscapes where pigs are amplifying hosts, JE may nevertheless circulate in a wider range of environment given the diversity of its potential hosts and vectors. The main objective of this study was to assess the intensity of JE transmission to pigs in a peri-urban environment in the outskirt of Phnom Penh, Cambodia. We estimated the force of JE infection in two cohorts of 15 sentinel pigs by fitting a generalised linear model on seroprevalence monitoring data observed during two four-month periods in 2014. Our results provide evidence for intensive circulation of JE virus in a periurban area near Phnom Penh, the capital and most populated city of Cambodia. Understanding JE virus transmission in different environments is important for planning JE virus control in the long term and is also an interesting model to study the complexity of vector-borne diseases. Collecting quantitative data such as the force of infection will help calibrate epidemiological model that can be used to better understand complex vector-borne disease epidemiological cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Cappelle
- CIRAD-ES, UPR AGIRs, Montpellier, France
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Veasna Duong
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Virology Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Long Pring
- Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Lida Kong
- Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Maud Yakovleff
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | | | - Borin Peng
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Virology Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Rithy Choeung
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Virology Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Raphaël Duboz
- CIRAD-ES, UPR AGIRs, Montpellier, France
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sivuth Ong
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Virology Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - San Sorn
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Philippe Dussart
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Virology Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Arnaud Tarantola
- Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
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17
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Fall G, Faye M, Weidmann M, Kaiser M, Dupressoir A, Ndiaye EH, Ba Y, Diallo M, Faye O, Sall AA. Real-Time RT-PCR Assays for Detection and Genotyping of West Nile Virus Lineages Circulating in Africa. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2016; 16:781-789. [PMID: 27710313 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2016.1967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging arbovirus, circulating worldwide between birds and mosquitoes, which impacts human and animal health. Since the mid-1990s, WNV outbreaks have emerged in Europe and America and represent currently the primary cause of encephalitis in the United States. WNV exhibits a great genetic diversity with at least eight different lineages circulating in the world, and four (1, 2, Koutango, and putative new) are present in Africa. These different WNV lineages are not readily differentiated by serology, and thus, rapid molecular tools are required for diagnostic. We developed here real-time RT-PCR assays for detection and genotyping of African WNV lineages. The specificity of the assays was tested using other flaviviruses circulating in Africa. The sensitivity was determined by testing serial 10-fold dilutions of viruses and RNA standards. The assays provided good specificity and sensitivity and the analytical detection limit was 10 copies/reaction. The RT-PCR assays allowed the detection and genotyping of all WNV isolates in culture medium, human serum, and vertebrate tissues, as well as in field and experimental mosquito samples. Comparing the ratios of genome copy number/infectious virion (plaque-forming units), our study finally revealed new insight on the replication of these different WNV lineages in mosquito cells. Our RT-PCR assays are the first ones allowing the genotyping of all WNV African variants, and this may have important applications in surveillance and epidemiology in Africa and also for monitoring of their emergence in Europe and other continents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamou Fall
- 1 Unité des Arbovirus et Virus de Fièvres Hémorragiques, Institut Pasteur de Dakar , Dakar, Senegal
| | - Martin Faye
- 1 Unité des Arbovirus et Virus de Fièvres Hémorragiques, Institut Pasteur de Dakar , Dakar, Senegal
| | - Manfred Weidmann
- 2 Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling , Stirling, Scotland
| | | | - Anne Dupressoir
- 1 Unité des Arbovirus et Virus de Fièvres Hémorragiques, Institut Pasteur de Dakar , Dakar, Senegal
| | - El Hadj Ndiaye
- 4 Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Dakar , Dakar, Senegal
| | - Yamar Ba
- 4 Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Dakar , Dakar, Senegal
| | - Mawlouth Diallo
- 4 Unité d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Dakar , Dakar, Senegal
| | - Ousmane Faye
- 1 Unité des Arbovirus et Virus de Fièvres Hémorragiques, Institut Pasteur de Dakar , Dakar, Senegal
| | - Amadou Alpha Sall
- 1 Unité des Arbovirus et Virus de Fièvres Hémorragiques, Institut Pasteur de Dakar , Dakar, Senegal
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18
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Zé-Zé L, Proença P, Osório HC, Gomes S, Luz T, Parreira P, Fevereiro M, Alves MJ. Human case of West Nile neuroinvasive disease in Portugal, summer 2015. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 20:30024. [PMID: 26535915 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2015.20.38.30024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A case of West Nile virus (WNV) infection was reported in the Algarve region, Portugal, in the first week of September 2015. WNV is known to circulate in Portugal, with occasional reports in horses and birds (2004 to 2011) and very sporadically human cases (in 2004 and in 2010). Here we present the clinical and laboratory aspects related to the first human case of West Nile neuroinvasive disease reported in Portugal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Líbia Zé-Zé
- Centro de Estudos de Vectores e Doenças Infecciosas (Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research), National Health Institute Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Águas de Moura, Portugal
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19
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GENG X, ZHANG F, GAO Q, LEI Y. Sensitive Impedimetric Immunoassay of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Based on Enzyme Biocatalyzed Precipitation on a Gold Nanoparticle-modified Screen-printed Carbon Electrode. ANAL SCI 2016; 32:1105-1109. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.1105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui GENG
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University
| | - Fanglin ZHANG
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Preclinical Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University
| | - Qiang GAO
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University
| | - Yingfeng LEI
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Preclinical Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University
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20
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Shirafuji H, Yazaki R, Shuto Y, Yanase T, Kato T, Ishikura Y, Sakaguchi Z, Suzuki M, Yamakawa M. Broad-range detection of arboviruses belonging to Simbu serogroup lineage 1 and specific detection of Akabane, Aino and Peaton viruses by newly developed multiple TaqMan assays. J Virol Methods 2015; 225:9-15. [PMID: 26341063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
TaqMan assays were developed for the broad-range detection of arboviruses belonging to Simbu serogroup lineage 1 in the genus Orthobunyavirus and also for the specific detection of three viruses in the lineage, Akabane, Aino and Peaton viruses (AKAV, AINOV and PEAV, respectively). A primer and probe set was designed for the broad-range detection of Simbu serogroup lineage 1 (Pan-Simbu1 set) mainly targeting AKAV, AINOV, PEAV, Sathuperi and Shamonda viruses (SATV and SHAV), and the forward and reverse primers of the Pan-Simbu1 set were also used for the specific detection of AKAV with another probe (AKAV-specific set). In addition, two more primer and probe sets were designed for AINOV- and PEAV-specific detection, respectively (AINOV- and PEAV-specific sets). All of the four primer and probe sets successfully detected targeted viruses, and thus broad-range and specific detection of all the targeted viruses can be achieved by using two multiplex assays and a single assay in a dual (two-color) assay format when another primer and probe set for a bovine β-actin control is also used. The assays had an analytical sensitivity of 10 copies/tube for AKAV, at least 100 copies/tube for AINOV, 100 copies/tube for PEAV, one copy/tube for SATV and at least 10 copies/tube for SHAV, respectively. Diagnostic sensitivity of the assays was tested with field-collected bovine samples, and the results suggested that the sensitivity was higher than that of a conventional RT-PCR. These data indicate that the newly developed TaqMan assays will be useful tools for the diagnosis and screening of field-collected samples for infections of AKAV and several other arboviruses belonging to the Simbu serogroup lineage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Shirafuji
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Japan.
| | - Ryu Yazaki
- Kusu Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Oita Prefectural Government, Japan
| | - Yozo Shuto
- Oita Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Oita Prefectural Government, Japan
| | - Tohru Yanase
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Japan
| | - Tomoko Kato
- Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Japan
| | - Youji Ishikura
- Domestic Livestock Disease Identification Office, Food Safety Promotion Division, Shimane Prefectural Government, Japan
| | - Zenjiro Sakaguchi
- Kagoshima Central Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Kagoshima Prefectural Government, Japan
| | - Moemi Suzuki
- Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Animal Health, Okinawa Prefectural Government, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamakawa
- Viral Disease and Epidemiology Research Division, NIAH, NARO, Japan
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21
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Brault AC, Fang Y, Reisen WK. Multiplex qRT-PCR for the Detection of Western Equine Encephalomyelitis, St. Louis Encephalitis, and West Nile Viral RNA in Mosquito Pools (Diptera: Culicidae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2015; 52:491-9. [PMID: 26334826 PMCID: PMC4581483 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjv021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Following the introduction of West Nile virus into California during the summer of 2003, public health and vector control programs expanded surveillance efforts and were in need of diagnostics capable of rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of arbovirus infections of mosquitoes to inform decision support for intervention. Development of a multiplex TaqMan or real-time semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay in which three virus specific primer-probe sets were used in the same reaction is described herein for the detection of western equine encephalomyelitis, St. Louis encephalitis and West Nile viral RNA. Laboratory validation and field data from 10 transmission seasons are reported. The comparative sensitivity and specificity of this multiplex assay to singleplex RT-PCR as well as an antigen detection (rapid analyte measurement platform) and standard plaque assays indicate this assay to be rapid and useful in providing mosquito infection data to estimate outbreak risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C Brault
- Center for Vectorborne Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616. Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO 80512
| | - Ying Fang
- Center for Vectorborne Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - William K Reisen
- Center for Vectorborne Diseases and Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616.
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Barzon L, Pacenti M, Ulbert S, Palù G. Latest developments and challenges in the diagnosis of human West Nile virus infection. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2015; 13:327-42. [PMID: 25641365 DOI: 10.1586/14787210.2015.1007044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus responsible for an increasing number of human outbreaks of neuroinvasive disease in Europe and in North America. Notwithstanding the improvements in the knowledge of virus epidemiology and clinical course of infection and the development of new laboratory tests, the diagnosis of WNV infection remains challenging and many cases still remain unrecognized. WNV genome diversity, transient viremia with low viral load and cross-reactivity with other flaviviruses of the antibodies induced by WNV infection are important hurdles that require the diagnosis to be performed by experienced laboratories. Herein, we present and discuss the novel findings on the molecular epidemiology and clinical features of WNV infection in humans with special focus on Europe, the performance of diagnostic tests and the novel methods that have been developed for the diagnosis of WNV infection. A view on how the field might evolve in the future is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Barzon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, via A. Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
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