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Barone LJ, Cardoso NP, Mansilla FC, Castillo M, Capozzo AV. Enhanced infectivity of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in arginase-producing bovine monocyte-derived macrophages. Virulence 2023:2283899. [PMID: 37966797 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2283899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are important cells of the innate immunity that play a major role in Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) pathogenesis. Macrophages are not a homogenous population; they exist in different phenotypes, typically divided into two main categories: classically (pro-inflammatory) and alternatively activated (anti-inflammatory) or M1 and M2, respectively. The role of bovine macrophage phenotypes on BVDV infection is still unclear. This study characterized the interaction between BVDV, and monocyte-derived macrophages (Mo-Mφ) collected from healthy cattle and polarized to an M1 or M2 state by using LPS, INF-γ, IL-4 or azithromycin. Arginase activity quantitation was utilized as a marker of the M2 Mo-Mφ spectrum. There was a significant association between arginase activity and the replication rate of BVDV strains of different genotypes and biotypes. Inhibition of arginase activity also reduced BVDV infectivity. Calves treated with azithromycin induced Mo-Mφ of the M2 state produced high levels of arginase. Interestingly, azithromycin administered in vivo increased the susceptibility of macrophages to BVDV infection ex vivo. Mo-Mφ from pregnant dams and calves produced higher arginase levels than those from non-pregnant adult animals. The increased infection of arginase-producing alternatively activated bovine macrophages with BVDV supports the need to delve into a possible leading role of M2 macrophages in establishing the immune-suppressive state during BVDV convalescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas José Barone
- Institute of Virology and Technical Innovations, INTA- CONICET. National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nancy Patricia Cardoso
- Institute of Virology and Technical Innovations, INTA- CONICET. National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Celeste Mansilla
- Institute of Virology and Technical Innovations, INTA- CONICET. National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariángeles Castillo
- Institute of Virology and Technical Innovations, INTA- CONICET. National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Victoria Capozzo
- Institute of Virology and Technical Innovations, INTA- CONICET. National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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2
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Cardoso NP, Rivero C, Castillo M, Mansilla FC, Pastorino F, Piccirilli G, Alonso L, Martínez G, Lullo DD, Bentancor LV, Capozzo AV. Serological screening of SARS-CoV-2 infection in companion animals of Buenos Aires suburbs. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1161820. [PMID: 37323839 PMCID: PMC10266215 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1161820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a zoonotic disease caused by the pandemic virus SARS-CoV-2. Domestic and wild animals are susceptible to infection and are potential reservoirs for virus variants. To date, there is no information about the exposure of companion animals in Buenos Aires Suburbs, the area with the largest population in Argentina where the highest number of COVID-19 human cases occurred during the first infection wave. Here we developed a multi-species indirect ELISA to measure antibodies reactive to the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) from several vertebrates constituting the class Mammalia, making it a valuable tool for field serosurveillance. The ELISA cut-off value was estimated by sera from dogs, cats, cattle, and pigs sampled before 2019 (n = 170), considering a 98% percentile and a grey zone to completely exclude any false positive result. Specificity was confirmed by measuring levels of neutralizing antibodies against canine coronavirus, the avidity of specific antibodies, and their capacity to impede the binding of a recombinant RBD protein to VERO cells in an In-Cell ELISA. Sera from 464 cats and dogs sampled in 2020 and 2021 ("pandemic" samples) were assessed using the RBD-ELISA. Information on COVID-19 disease in the household and the animals' lifestyles was collected. In Buenos Aires Suburbs cats were infected at a higher proportion than dogs, seroprevalence was 7.1 and 1.68%, respectively. Confirmed COVID-19 in the caregivers and outdoor lifestyle were statistically associated with seropositivity in cats. The risk of cats getting infected living indoors in COVID-19-negative households was null. The susceptibility of mammals to SARS-CoV-2, the possibility of transmission between animals themselves and humans, together with the free-roaming lifestyle typical of Buenos Aires suburban companion animals, urge pursuing responsible animal care and avoiding human interaction with animals during the disease course. The multi-species RBD-ELISA we developed can be used as a tool for serosurveillance of SARS-CoV-2 infection in mammalians (domestic and wild), guiding further targeted virological analyses to encounter susceptible species, interspecies transmission, and potential virus reservoirs in our region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Patricia Cardoso
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas “IVIT”, CONICET-INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carla Rivero
- Instituto de Estudios para el Desarrollo Productivo y la Innovación, Universidad Nacional de José Clemente Paz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariangeles Castillo
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas “IVIT”, CONICET-INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Florencia Pastorino
- Departamento Zoonosis Urbanas, Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guadalupe Piccirilli
- Departamento Zoonosis Urbanas, Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Alonso
- Departamento Zoonosis Urbanas, Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Martínez
- Departamento Zoonosis Urbanas, Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - David Di Lullo
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Salud, Tecnología y Desarrollo “IMSaTeD”, CONICET-UNSE, Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - Leticia Veronica Bentancor
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Estudios para el Desarrollo Productivo y la Innovación, Universidad Nacional de José Clemente Paz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Victoria Capozzo
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas “IVIT”, CONICET-INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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3
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Hong T, Yang Y, Wang P, Zhu G, Zhu C. Pestiviruses infection: Interferon-virus mutual regulation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1146394. [PMID: 36936761 PMCID: PMC10018205 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1146394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pestiviruses are a class of viruses that in some cases can cause persistent infection of the host, thus posing a threat to the livestock industry. Interferons (IFNs) are a group of secreted proteins that play a crucial role in antiviral defense. In this review, on the one hand, we elaborate on how pestiviruses are recognized by the host retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I), melanoma-differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), and Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) proteins to induce the synthesis of IFNs. On the other hand, we focus on reviewing how pestiviruses antagonize the production of IFNs utilizing various strategies mediated by self-encoded proteins, such as the structural envelope protein (Erns) and non-structural protein (Npro). Hence, the IFN signal transduction pathway induced by pestiviruses infection and the process of pestiviruses blockade on the production of IFNs intertwines into an intricate regulatory network. By reviewing the interaction between IFN and pestiviruses (based on studies on BVDV and CSFV), we expect to provide a theoretical basis and reference for a better understanding of the mechanisms of induction and evasion of the innate immune response during infection with these viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation on Prevention and Control Technology of Important Animal Diseases and Zoonoses of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation on Prevention and Control Technology of Important Animal Diseases and Zoonoses of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Pengzhi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation on Prevention and Control Technology of Important Animal Diseases and Zoonoses of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint Laboratory of International Cooperation on Prevention and Control Technology of Important Animal Diseases and Zoonoses of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guoqiang Zhu, ; Congrui Zhu,
| | - Congrui Zhu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guoqiang Zhu, ; Congrui Zhu,
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Newcomer BW. 75 years of bovine viral diarrhea virus: Current status and future applications of the use of directed antivirals. Antiviral Res 2021; 196:105205. [PMID: 34742739 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2021.105205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) was first reported 75 years ago and remains a source of major financial and production losses in the North American cattle industry. Currently, control methods in North America primarily center around biosecurity and vaccination programs; however, despite high levels of vaccination, the virus persists in the cattle herd due at least in part to the often-insidious nature of disease and the constant viremia and viral shedding of persistently infected animals which act as a reservoir for the virus. Continued development of targeted antivirals represents an additional tool for the prevention of BVDV-associated losses. Currently, in vivo studies of BVDV antivirals are relatively limited and have primarily been directed at the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase which represents the viral target with the highest potential for commercial development. Additional live animal studies have explored the potential of exogenous interferon treatment. Future research of commercial antivirals must focus on the establishment and validation of in vivo efficacy for compounds with demonstrated antiviral potential. The areas which provide the most viable economic justification for the research and development of antivirals drugs are the fed cattle sector, outbreak control, and wildlife or animals of high genetic value. With further development, targeted antivirals represent an additional tool for the management and control of BVDV in North American cattle herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W Newcomer
- Veterinary Education, Research, & Outreach Program, Texas A&M and West Texas A&M Universities, Canyon, TX, 79016, USA.
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5
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Cardoso NP, Mansilla FC, Benedetti E, Turco CS, Barone LJ, Iserte JA, Soria I, Baumeister E, Capozzo AV. Bovine Interferon Lambda Is a Potent Antiviral Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in vitro. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:603622. [PMID: 33240967 PMCID: PMC7677234 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.603622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon lambda (IFN-λ) is an antiviral naturally produced in response to viral infections, with activity on cells of epithelial origin and located in the mucosal surfaces. This localized activity results in reduced toxicity compared to type I IFNs, whose receptors are ubiquitously expressed. IFN-λ has been effective in the therapy of respiratory viral infections, playing a crucial role in potentiating adaptive immune responses that initiate at mucosal surfaces. Human IFN-λ has polymorphisms that may cause differences in the interaction with the specific receptor in the human population. Interestingly, bovine IFN-λ3 has an in silico-predicted higher affinity for the human receptor than its human counterparts, with high identity with different human IFN-λ variants, making it a suitable antiviral therapeutic candidate for human health. Here, we demonstrate that a recombinant bovine IFN-λ (rbIFN-λ) produced in HEK-293 cells is effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection of VERO cells, with an inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) between 30 and 50 times lower than that of human type I IFN tested here (α2b and β1a). We also demonstrated the absence of toxicity of rbIFN-λ in human PBMCs and the lack of proinflammatory activity on these cells. Altogether, our results show that rbIFN-λ is as an effective antiviral potentially suitable for COVID-19 therapy. Among other potential applications, rbIFN-λ could be useful to preclude virus dispersion to the lungs and/or to reduce transmission from infected people. Moreover, and due to the non-specific activity of this IFN, it can be potentially effective against other respiratory viruses that may be circulating together with SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Patricia Cardoso
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Florencia Celeste Mansilla
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Estefanía Benedetti
- Servicio Virosis Respiratorias, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, INEI–ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán,”Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Soledad Turco
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Lucas José Barone
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Javier Alonso Iserte
- Structural Bioinformatics Group, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ivana Soria
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Elsa Baumeister
- Servicio Virosis Respiratorias, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, INEI–ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán,”Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Victoria Capozzo
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Argentina
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6
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Quintana ME, Cardoso NP, Pereyra R, Barone LJ, Barrionuevo FM, Mansilla FC, Turco CS, Capozzo AV. Interferon lambda protects cattle against bovine viral diarrhea virus infection. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2020; 230:110145. [PMID: 33160262 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2020.110145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Interferon lambda (IFN-λ) plays an important role in inducing an antiviral state in mucosal surfaces and has been used as an effective biotherapeutic against several viral diseases. Here we performed a proof of concept study on the activity of a biologically active recombinant bovine IFN-λ (rIFN-λ) produced in eukaryotic cells against Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) in cattle. We first confirmed the lack of toxicity of different concentrations of rIFN-λ in bovine peripheral blood cells and the safety of its subcutaneous application in calves in doses up to 12 IU/kg. The antiviral activity of the rIFN-λ against BVDV was assessed in calves that were inoculated with 6 IU/kg of rIFN-λ (n = 4) or mock-treated (n = 2) two days before and after challenge with a BVDV type-2 non-cytopathic strain. Mock-treated animals developed respiratory disease, shedded the virus from 4 to 7 days post-infection (dpi) and had viremia between 4 and 14 dpi. Conversely, calves treated with rIFN-λ did not develop clinical symptoms. The virus was not found in nasal secretions or sera. Only one animal had a positive viral RNA detection in serum at 7 dpi. All infected animals treated with rIFN-λ increased systemic type-I IFNs levels at 4 dpi. The antiviral treatment induced an earlier onset of the anti-BVDV neutralizing antibodies. Altogether, these results constitute the proof-of-principle of bovine IFN-λ as an antiviral biotherapeutic to protect cattle against the clinical disease caused by BVDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Quintana
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas. IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Nicolás Repetto y Los Reseros s/n. Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nancy Patricia Cardoso
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas. IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Nicolás Repetto y Los Reseros s/n. Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo Pereyra
- Área de Investigación en Sanidad Animal IIACS-CIAP- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria EEA, INTA Cerrillos, Salta, Argentina
| | - Lucas José Barone
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas. IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Nicolás Repetto y Los Reseros s/n. Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Mariel Barrionuevo
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas. IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Nicolás Repetto y Los Reseros s/n. Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Celeste Mansilla
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas. IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Nicolás Repetto y Los Reseros s/n. Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Soledad Turco
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas. IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Nicolás Repetto y Los Reseros s/n. Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Victoria Capozzo
- Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas. IVIT, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Nicolás Repetto y Los Reseros s/n. Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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7
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Quintana ME, Barone LJ, Trotta MV, Turco C, Mansilla FC, Capozzo AV, Cardoso NP. In-vivo Activity of IFN-λ and IFN-α Against Bovine-Viral-Diarrhea Virus in a Mouse Model. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:45. [PMID: 32118067 PMCID: PMC7015039 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine-viral-diarrhea virus (BVDV) can cause significant economic losses in livestock. The disease is controlled with vaccination and bovines are susceptible until vaccine immunity develops and may remain vulnerable if a persistently infected animal is left on the farm; therefore, an antiviral agent that reduces virus infectivity can be a useful tool in control programs. Although many compounds with promising in-vitro efficacy have been identified, the lack of laboratory-animal models limited their potential for further clinical development. Recently, we described the activity of type I and III interferons, IFN-α and IFN-λ respectively, against several BVDV strains in-vitro. In this study, we analyzed the in-vivo efficacy of both IFNs using a BALB/c-mouse model. Mice infected with two type-2 BVDV field strains developed a viremia with different kinetics, depending on the infecting strain's virulence, that persisted for 56 days post-infection (dpi). Mice infected with the low-virulence strain elicited high systemic TNF-α levels at 2 dpi. IFNs were first applied subcutaneously 1 day before or after infection. The two IFNs reduced viremia with different kinetics, depending on whether either one was applied before or after infection. In a second experiment, we increased the number of applications of both IFNs. All the treatments reduced viremia compared to untreated mice. The application of IFN-λ pre- and post-infection reduced viremia over time. This study is the first proof of the concept of the antiviral potency of IFN-λ against BVDV in-vivo, thus encouraging further trails for a potential use of this cytokine in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Quintana
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucas José Barone
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Myrian Vanesa Trotta
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Turco
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Celeste Mansilla
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Victoria Capozzo
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nancy Patricia Cardoso
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas, Instituto de Virología e Innovaciones Tecnológicas, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Lempp FA, Schlund F, Rieble L, Nussbaum L, Link C, Zhang Z, Ni Y, Urban S. Recapitulation of HDV infection in a fully permissive hepatoma cell line allows efficient drug evaluation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2265. [PMID: 31118422 PMCID: PMC6531471 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10211-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) depends on the helper function of hepatitis B virus (HBV), which provides the envelope proteins for progeny virus secretion. Current infection-competent cell culture models do not support assembly and secretion of HDV. By stably transducing HepG2 cells with genes encoding the NTCP-receptor and the HBV envelope proteins we produce a cell line (HepNB2.7) that allows continuous secretion of infectious progeny HDV following primary infection. Evaluation of antiviral drugs shows that the entry inhibitor Myrcludex B (IC50: 1.4 nM) and interferon-α (IC50: 28 IU/ml, but max. 60–80% inhibition) interfere with primary infection. Lonafarnib inhibits virus secretion (IC50: 36 nM) but leads to a substantial intracellular accumulation of large hepatitis delta antigen and replicative intermediates, accompanied by the induction of innate immune responses. This work provides a cell line that supports the complete HDV replication cycle and presents a convenient tool for antiviral drug evaluation. Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) depends on the envelope proteins of hepatitis B virus (HBV) for virion production. Here, Lempp et al. produce a cell line expressing HBV envelope proteins and their receptor, which allows continuous secretion of infectious progeny HDV and testing of antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian A Lempp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Franziska Schlund
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Lisa Rieble
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Lea Nussbaum
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Corinna Link
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Zhenfeng Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Yi Ni
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Stephan Urban
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany. .,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
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