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Khan MI, Easwaran M, Martinez JD, Kimura A, Erickson-DiRenzo E. Method for Collecting Single Epithelial Cells from the Mouse Larynx. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:786-794. [PMID: 37602769 PMCID: PMC10841475 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The larynx is lined by specialized epithelial cell populations. Studying molecular changes occurring in individual epithelial cell types requires a reliable method for removing these cells from the larynx. Our objective was to develop a method to harvest individual epithelial cells from the mouse larynx while minimizing contamination from non-laryngeal sites and non-epithelial laryngeal cells. METHODS Mice were euthanized, and the larynx was carefully exposed and separated from non-laryngeal sites. A small dental brush was inserted into the laryngeal inlet and rotated to obtain epithelial cells. Cells were transferred to collection media, counted, and cytospin preparations stained for laryngeal epithelial (i.e., Pan-Keratin, EpCAM, NGFR, p63, K5, β-tubulin, MUC5AC) and non-epithelial (i.e., vimentin) cell markers. Histopathology was completed on brushed laryngeal tissue sections to evaluate the depth of cell collection. Preliminary Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed to confirm this method can capture diverse laryngeal cell types. RESULTS We collected 6000-8000 cells from a single larynx and 35000-40000 cells from combining brushings from three tissues. Histopathology demonstrated brushing removed the epithelial layer of the larynx and some underlying tissue. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated the phenotype of harvested cells was primarily epithelial. Preliminary scRNA-seq was successfully conducted and displayed nine unique cell clusters. CONCLUSION We developed a reliable method of harvesting individual epithelial cells from the mouse larynx. This method will be useful for collection of laryngeal cells for a variety of downstream cellular and molecular assays, including scRNA-seq, protein analyses, and cell-culture-based experiments, following laryngeal injury. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 134:786-794, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Imran Khan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Meena Easwaran
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Joshua D. Martinez
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Akari Kimura
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Elizabeth Erickson-DiRenzo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
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Bouhabel S, Park S, Kolosova K, Latifi N, Kost K, Li-Jessen NYK, Mongeau L. Functional Analysis of Injectable Substance Treatment on Surgically Injured Rabbit Vocal Folds. J Voice 2023; 37:829-839. [PMID: 34353684 PMCID: PMC8807745 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of immediate injection treatments of dexamethasone, hyaluronic acid (HA)/gelatin (Ge) hydrogel and glycol-chitosan solution on the phonatory function of rabbit larynges at 42 days after surgical injury of the vocal folds, piloting a novel ex vivo phonatory functional analysis protocol. METHODS A modified microflap procedure was performed on the left vocal fold of 12 rabbits to induce an acute injury. Animals were randomized into one of four treatment groups with 0.1 mL injections of dexamethasone, HA/Ge hydrogel, glycol-chitosan or saline as control. The left mid vocal fold lamina propria was injected immediately following injury. The right vocal fold served as an uninjured control. Larynges were harvested at Day 42 after injection, then were subjected to airflow-bench evaluation. Acoustic, aerodynamic and laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy (HSV) analyses were performed. HSV segments of the vibrating vocal folds were rated by three expert laryngologists. Six parameters related to vocal fold vibratory characteristics were evaluated on a Likert scale. RESULTS The fundamental frequency, one possible surrogate of vocal fold stiffness and scarring, was lower in the dexamethasone and HA/Ge hydrogel treatment groups compared to that of the saline control (411.52±11.63 Hz). The lowest fundamental frequency value was observed in the dexamethasone group (348.79±14.99 Hz). Expert visual ratings of the HSV segments indicated an overall positive outcome in the dexamethasone treatment group, though the impacts were below statistical significance. CONCLUSION Dexamethasone injections might be used as an adjunctive option for iatrogenic vocal fold scarring. An increased sample size, histological correlate, and experimental method improvements will be needed to confirm this finding. Results suggested a promising use of HSV and acoustic analysis techniques to identify and monitor post-surgical vocal fold repair and scarring, providing a useful tool for future studies of vocal fold scar treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bouhabel
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Scott Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ksenia Kolosova
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Neda Latifi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karen Kost
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicole Y K Li-Jessen
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Luc Mongeau
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Tanner K, Robison HJ, Stevens ME, Merrill RM, Dromey C, Barkmeier-Kraemer J, Ben Christensen M. Corticosteroid-LABA inhalers increase phonation threshold pressure (PTP) and flow (PTF) in rabbits. Laryngoscope 2023; 133:2680-2686. [PMID: 36757019 PMCID: PMC10409873 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined the effects of a combination corticosteroid plus long-acting beta2 -adrenergic agonist inhaler (IC) on rabbit phonation. METHODS White New Zealand male rabbits were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups (n = 11 per group). The experimental group received twice-daily doses of Advair HFA™ (fluticasone propionate 45 mcg and salmeterol 21 mcg) via a veterinary facemask with 1-way valve and spacer; the control group received aerosolized saline. After 8 weeks, animals were euthanized, larynges excised, frozen, and subsequently thawed and mounted on a standard bench apparatus. Phonation was elicited during 15 successive trials, and phonation threshold pressure (PTP; cmH2 O) and flow (PTF; L/min) were quantified. RESULTS Repeated measures analysis of variance indicated significant differences between the experimental and control groups (p < 0.05). Mean PTP and PTF values were higher (worse) for rabbits that received Advair HFA™. CONCLUSION Following 8-week exposure to ICs, rabbit larynges required greater air pressure and flow to initiate phonation. Because even modest phonation onset differences can have a meaningful clinical impact on voice function, these findings suggest that LABA ICs may put patients at risk for voice disorders. Furthermore, these voice disorders may occur within a relatively short timeframe. The results from this study have important clinical implications for voice care in those who use ICs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 133:2680-2686, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Tanner
- Department of Communication Disorders, Brigham Young University
- Department of Surgery, Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, The University of Utah
| | | | - Maya Elena Stevens
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, The University of Utah
| | | | | | - Julie Barkmeier-Kraemer
- Department of Surgery, Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, The University of Utah
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, The University of Utah
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Batıoğlu-Karaaltın A, Ugurlar M, Enver N, Erdur ZB, Yılmaz YZ, Bozkurt ER. Development of an Animal Model for Type II Sulcus (Sulcus Vergeture). J Voice 2023:S0892-1997(23)00001-2. [PMID: 36682999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop a reproducible experimental animal model for sulcus vergeture in rabbits. STUDY DESIGN Experimental animal study. MATERIAL METHOD We evaluated three methods of inducing sulcus in twelve New Zealand white rabbits to produce a sulcus model. Experimental groups comprised: group 1 (n = 4) underwent submucosal injury following endolaryngeal epithelial incision; group 2 (n = 4) received submucosal injury via thyrotomy; group 3 (n = 4) received submucosal injury via thyrotomy, followed with horizontal mucosal lateralization suture. Right vocal folds of the rabbits underwent surgery to produce sulcus vocalis and left vocal folds were used for the comparison. In the sixth week after the procedure, the rabbits were sacrificed and the larynxes were harvested and analyzed histopathologically. RESULTS No animals in group 1 or 2 developed sulcus vocalis. Sulcus formation was observed in all rabbits in group 3, under endoscopic examination and microscopic sulcus formation was demonstrated for the first, second, and third rabbits. An epithelial depression area was seen at the glandular ductal opening zone for the fourth rabbit, but it could also be accepted as a sulcus formation. CONCLUSION We successfully developed a reproducible survival model for sulcus using a submucosal injury via thyrotomy, followed with a horizontal mucosal lateralization suture. This model provides the groundwork for future research into the applicability of new approaches for sulcus management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Batıoğlu-Karaaltın
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Muge Ugurlar
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Necati Enver
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zulkuf Burak Erdur
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yetkin Zeki Yılmaz
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medicine Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erol Rustu Bozkurt
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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do Nascimento NC, Bailey TW, Santos AP, Duan C, Mohallem R, Franco J, Aryal UK, Xie J, Cox A, Sivasankar MP. Proteomic analysis reveals that aging rabbit vocal folds are more vulnerable to changes caused by systemic dehydration. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:762. [PMID: 36411412 PMCID: PMC9677652 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08975-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults are more prone to develop systemic dehydration. Systemic dehydration has implications for vocal fold biology by affecting gene and protein expression. The objective of this study was to quantify vocal fold protein changes between two age groups and hydration status, and to investigate the interaction of age and hydration status on protein expression, which has not been investigated in the context of vocal folds before. Comparative proteomics was used to analyze the vocal fold proteome of 6.5-month-old and > 3-year-old rabbits subjected to water ad libitum or water volume restriction protocol. RESULTS Young and older adult rabbits (n = 22) were either euhydrated (water ad libitum) or dehydrated by water volume restriction. Dehydration was confirmed by body weight loss of - 5.4% and - 4.6% in young and older groups, respectively, and a 1.7-fold increase of kidney renin gene expression in the young rabbits. LC-MS/MS identified 2286 proteins in the rabbit vocal folds of young and older adult rabbits combined. Of these, 177, 169, and 81 proteins were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) affected by age, hydration status, or the interaction of both factors, respectively. Analysis of the interaction effect revealed 32 proteins with opposite change patterns after dehydration between older and young rabbit vocal folds, while 31 proteins were differentially regulated only in the older adult rabbits and ten only in the young rabbits in response to systemic dehydration. The magnitude of changes for either up or downregulated proteins was higher in the older rabbits. These proteins are predominantly related to structural components of the extracellular matrix and muscle layer, suggesting a disturbance in the viscoelastic properties of aging vocal fold tissue, especially when subjected to systemic dehydration. CONCLUSIONS Water restriction is a laboratory protocol to assess systemic dehydration-related changes in the vocal fold tissue that is translatable to human subjects. Our findings showed a higher number of proteins differentially regulated with a greater magnitude of change in the vocal folds of older adult rabbits in the presence of systemic dehydration compared to younger rabbits. The association of these proteins with vocal fold structure and biomechanical properties suggests that older human subjects may be more vulnerable to the effects of systemic dehydration on vocal function. The clinical implications of these protein changes warrant more investigation, but age should be taken into consideration when evaluating vocal treatment recommendations that interfere with body fluid balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila C. do Nascimento
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 USA
| | - Taylor W. Bailey
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 USA
| | - Andrea P. Santos
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 USA
| | - Chenwei Duan
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 USA
| | - Rodrigo Mohallem
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 USA ,grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Purdue Proteomics Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Discovery Park, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 USA
| | - Jackeline Franco
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Purdue Proteomics Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Discovery Park, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 USA
| | - Uma K. Aryal
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 USA ,grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Purdue Proteomics Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Discovery Park, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 USA
| | - Jun Xie
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 USA
| | - Abigail Cox
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 USA
| | - M. Preeti Sivasankar
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907 USA
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Santos FDS, Ikeda FH, Barros MD, Duprat ADC. Effect of application of fibrin glue on vocal fold healing after surgical manipulation in rabbits. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 88 Suppl 1:S102-S107. [PMID: 34006476 PMCID: PMC9734260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A challenge in phonosurgery is achieving good vocal quality with minimal vocal fold fibrosis. Fibrin glue can be applied to minimize fibrosis; however, its use in the larynx is based primarily on clinical experience, particularly in extensive lesions. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of application of fibrin glue on collagen concentration at the late phase of the healing process after detaching a pedicled flap of the vocal fold cover in rabbits. METHODS In this prospective animal study, twelve adult male rabbits underwent laryngeal microsurgery, in which an incision was made along the entire length of both vocal folds, followed by extensive mucosal detachment and section of the incision ends. Fibrin glue was applied in the left vocal fold, and the mucosa was repositioned. In the right vocal fold, the mucosa was repositioned without treatment with fibrin glue. After 3-months, the rabbits were euthanized. Histological analyses were performed, and the data collected were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS Vocal folds treated with fibrin glue presented higher collagen concentration in Masson trichrome staining and significantly higher (p < 0.05) collagen concentration in picrosirius red staining compared to control vocal folds. CONCLUSION Treatment with fibrin glue led to greater vocal fold fibrogenesis in the present study. Nonetheless, further studies are necessary to determine the prophylactic effect of sealants in laryngeal surgeries that require extensive detachment of the vocal fold cover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda da Silva Santos
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil,Corresponding author.
| | - Felipe Hideo Ikeda
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mirna Duarte Barros
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, Departamento de Morfologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - André de Campos Duprat
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Kimball EE, Sayce L, Xu XC, Kruszka CM, Rousseau B. Protein Substrate Alters Cell Physiology in Primary Culture of Vocal Fold Epithelial Cells. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 210:10-23. [PMID: 33910192 PMCID: PMC8222167 DOI: 10.1159/000514200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The basement membrane interacts directly with the vocal fold epithelium. Signaling between the basement membrane and the epithelium modulates gene regulation, differentiation, and proliferation. The purpose of this study was to identify an appropriate simple single-protein substrate for growth of rabbit vocal fold epithelial cells. Vocal folds from 3 New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were treated to isolate epithelial cells, and cells were seeded onto cell culture inserts coated with collagen I, collagen IV, laminin, or fibronectin. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was measured, and phase contrast microscopy, PanCK, CK14, and E-cadherin immunofluorescence were utilized to assess for epithelial cell-type characteristics. Further investigation via immunofluorescence labeling was conducted to assess proliferation (Ki67) and differentiation (Vimentin). There was a significant main effect of substrate on TEER, with collagen IV eliciting the highest, and laminin the lowest resistance. Assessment of relative TEER across cell lines identified a larger range of TEER in collagen I and laminin. Phase contrast imaging identified altered morphology in the laminin condition, but cell layer depth did not appear to be related to TEER, differentiation, or morphology. Ki67 staining additionally showed no significant difference in proliferation. All conditions had confluent epithelial cells and dispersed mesenchymal cells, with increased mesenchymal cell numbers over time; however, a higher proportion of mesenchymal cells was observed in the laminin condition. The results suggest collagen IV is a preferable basement membrane substrate for in vitro vocal fold epithelial primary cell culture, providing consistent TEER and characteristic cell morphology, and that laminin is an unsuitable substrate for vocal fold epithelial cells and may promote mesenchymal cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. Kimball
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Lea Sayce
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Xiaochuan C. Xu
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Chase M. Kruszka
- Department of Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bernard Rousseau
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA
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Gartling GJ, Sayce L, Kimball EE, Sueyoshi S, Rousseau B. A Comparison of the Localization of Integral Membrane Proteins in Human and Rabbit Vocal Folds. Laryngoscope 2020; 131:E1265-E1271. [PMID: 33155693 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study's objective was to identify and compare the localization of Aquaporin (AQP) 1, 4, 7, Na+/K + -ATPase, E-cadherin, zona occludin (ZO)-1, and occludin in human and rabbit vocal folds (VF)s to inform the design of future studies to explore the function of these proteins in the regulation of VF homeostasis. METHODS Four human larynges and five New Zealand white rabbit larynges were used. Samples were immunolabeled for primary antibodies against AQP1, AQP4, AQP7, the alpha subunit of Na+/K + -ATPase, E-cadherin, and ZO-1 and occludin and then captured digitally using a Nikon Eclipse 90i microscope and Hamamatsu C10600 Camera. Two raters familiar with human and rabbit VF histology identified positive labeling in tissue structures, including the apical epithelium, basal epithelium/basement membrane, and lamina propria (LP). RESULTS Samples from both species showed positive labeling for AQP1 in the basal epithelium/basement membrane, superficial LP, and deep/intermediate LP. Aquaporin 4, Aquaporin 7, Na+/K + -ATPase, and E-cadherin were primarily localized to the epithelium of both species. Zona occludin-1 was primarily localized apical epithelium and the superficial LP of both species. Occludin was primarily present in the apical epithelium in rabbit samples but not human. CONCLUSION These data provide evidence of the presence of key ion transport channels and cell adhesion proteins in human and rabbit VFs. Aquaporin 1, 4, 7, Na+/K + -ATPase, E-cadherin, and ZO-1 were similarly localized in both species. These findings will be useful to investigators interested in the exploration of VF homeostasis and barrier integrity in future studies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A Laryngoscope, 131:E1265-E1271, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary J Gartling
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Lea Sayce
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Emily E Kimball
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A
| | - Shintaro Sueyoshi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A
| | - Bernard Rousseau
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
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Impact of Subharmonic and Aperiodic Laryngeal Dynamics on the Phonatory Process Analyzed in Ex Vivo Rabbit Models. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019; 9. [PMID: 33815832 PMCID: PMC8018220 DOI: 10.3390/app9091963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Normal voice is characterized by periodic oscillations of the vocal folds. On the other hand, disordered voice dynamics (e.g., subharmonic and aperiodic oscillations) are often associated with voice pathologies and dysphonia. Unfortunately, not all investigations may be conducted on human subjects; hence animal laryngeal studies have been performed for many years to better understand human phonation. The rabbit larynx has been shown to be a potential model of the human larynx. Despite this fact, only a few studies regarding the phonatory parameters of rabbit larynges have been performed. Further, to the best of our knowledge, no ex vivo study has systematically investigated phonatory parameters from high-speed, audio and subglottal pressure data with irregular oscillations. To remedy this, the present study analyzes experiments with sustained phonation in 11 ex vivo rabbit larynges for 51 conditions of disordered vocal fold dynamics. (1) The results of this study support previous findings on non-disordered data, that the stronger the glottal closure insufficiency is during phonation, the worse the phonatory characteristics are; (2) aperiodic oscillations showed worse phonatory results than subharmonic oscillations; (3) in the presence of both types of irregular vibrations, the voice quality (i.e., cepstral peak prominence) of the audio and subglottal signal greatly deteriorated compared to normal/periodic vibrations. In summary, our results suggest that the presence of both types of irregular vibration have a major impact on voice quality and should be considered along with glottal closure measures in medical diagnosis and treatment.
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Choi YH, Ahn HJ, Park MR, Han MJ, Lee JH, Kwon SK. Dual growth factor-immobilized bioactive injection material for enhanced treatment of glottal insufficiency. Acta Biomater 2019; 86:269-279. [PMID: 30599245 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
With increasing demand for treatment of glottal insufficiency, several injection materials have been examined. However, biological resorption, degradation of injected materials, and the subsequent need to perform multiple injections still remain major clinical problems. In this study, we fabricated two different growth factor (GF) [single basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), single hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), or dual bFGF/HGF]-immobilized polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 microspheres. These materials were investigated for their potential use as bioactive injection laryngoplasty agents. HGF was found to be continuously released over 20 days and the bFGF was found to be continuously released over 25 days, as demonstrated by ELISA assay. Human vocal fold fibroblasts (hVFFs) showed significantly higher proliferative ability on dual GF-immobilized microspheres. GF-immobilized microspheres (bFGF, HGF, and dual GF) were injected into paralyzed vocal folds of New Zealand white rabbits. Through endoscopic observation and H&E staining, we identified that the microspheres remained localized at the injection site, resulting in constant volume augmentation of the paralyzed vocal fold without significant loss of the initial volume after 4 weeks. The expression of genes related to the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the vocal fold was upregulated by dual GF-immobilized microspheres. Furthermore, dual GF-immobilized microspheres inhibited muscle degeneration and upregulation of myogenic-related genes. In conclusion, dual GF-immobilized microspheres passively augmented the volume of the paralyzed vocal fold while actively inducing ECM synthesis at the injected vocal fold and preserving muscle tissue. Dual GF-immobilized microspheres could be a new and promising injection material for paralyzed vocal folds. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Limitation of prolonged augmentation of vocal fold and degeneration of vocal fold tissue still remain as major clinical problems in the treatment of vocal fold paralysis. Herein, we fabricated the polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 microspheres to augment volume of paralyzed vocal folds. On top of that, we additionally immobilized the growth factors (bFGF, HGF, or dual bFGF/HGF) on the surface of these microspheres. We highlight the efficacy of the dual GF-immobilized microspheres which augmented the volume of the paralyzed vocal fold passively, induced ECM synthesis actively at the injected vocal fold and preserved laryngeal muscle tissue. Our results suggest that the dual GF-immobilized microsphere could be a new promising injection material for injection laryngoplasty to treat paralyzed vocal fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hwan Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Ahn
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ri Park
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hannam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jung Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hannam University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Keun Kwon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Luo R, Kong W, Wei X, Lamb J, Jiang JJ. Development of Excised Larynx. J Voice 2018; 34:38-43. [PMID: 30262190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The larynx is a complex organ which has a role in a variety of functions such as phonation, breathing, and swallowing. To research these functions, it is widely accepted that in vivo studies provide more anatomically and physiologically relevant findings. However, invasive procedures are generally needed to measure variables such a subglottal pressure, vocal fold tension and stiffness, and cricothyroid muscle stretch. Performing studies using excised larynges is a useful technique which makes it possible to not only measure phonation parameters but control them as well. Early studies using excised larynges mainly focused on controlling specific parameters and mathematical modeling simulations. The use of these studies has helped further research in laryngeal anatomy, imaging techniques, as well as aerodynamic, acoustic, and biomechanical properties. Here, we describe the progress of this research over the past 5 years. The number of accepted animal models has increased and ideas from excised larynx studies are starting to be applied to treatment methods for laryngeal disorders. These experiments are only valid for an excised situation and must continue to be combined with animal experimentation and clinical observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Luo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijia Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jim Lamb
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jack J Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Madison, Wisconsin.
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12
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Döllinger M, Kniesburges S, Berry DA, Birk V, Wendler O, Dürr S, Alexiou C, Schützenberger A. Investigation of phonatory characteristics using ex vivo rabbit larynges. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2018; 144:142. [PMID: 30075689 PMCID: PMC6037535 DOI: 10.1121/1.5043384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of phonatory characteristics of rabbits has been widely neglected. However, preliminary studies established the rabbit larynx as a potential model of human phonation. This study reports quantitative data on phonation using ex vivo rabbit larynx models to achieve more insight into dependencies of three main components of the phonation process, including airflow, vocal fold dynamics, and the acoustic output. Sustained phonation was induced in 11 ex vivo rabbit larynges. For 414 phonatory conditions, vocal fold vibrations, acoustic, and aerodynamic parameters were analyzed as functions of longitudinal vocal fold pre-stress, applied air flow, and glottal closure insufficiency. Dimensions of the vocal folds were measured and histological data were analyzed. Glottal closure characteristics improved for increasing longitudinal pre-stress and applied airflow. For the subglottal pressure signal only the cepstral peak prominence showed dependency on glottal closure. In contrast, vibrational, acoustic, and aerodynamic parameters were found to be highly dependent on the degree of glottal closure: The more complete the glottal closure during phonation, the better the aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics. Hence, complete or at least partial glottal closure appears to enhance acoustic signal quality. Finally, results validate the ex vivo rabbit larynx as an effective model for analyzing the phonatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Döllinger
- Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstrasse 1, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Stefan Kniesburges
- Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstrasse 1, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - David A Berry
- Laryngeal Dynamics Laboratory, Division of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 1000 Veteran Avenue, 31-24 Rehab Center, Los Angeles, California 90095-1794, USA
| | - Veronika Birk
- Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstrasse 1, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Olaf Wendler
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstrasse 1, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Stephan Dürr
- Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstrasse 1, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glückstrasse 10a, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Anne Schützenberger
- Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstrasse 1, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
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GARCIA MAXIME, HERBST CHRISTIANT. Excised larynx experimentation: history, current developments, and prospects for bioacoustic research. ANTHROPOL SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1537/ase.171216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- MAXIME GARCIA
- ENES Lab, Université Lyon/Saint-Etienne, Neuro-PSI, CNRS UMR 9197, Saint-Etienne
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14
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Pöttler M, Fliedner A, Schreiber E, Janko C, Friedrich RP, Bohr C, Döllinger M, Alexiou C, Dürr S. Impact of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Vocal Fold Fibroblasts: Cell Behavior and Cellular Iron Kinetics. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:284. [PMID: 28431461 PMCID: PMC5398974 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The voice is the most important instrument of communication. Tissue defects in the vocal fold (VF) area lead to serious reduction in quality of life, but thus far, no satisfactory VF implant exists. Therefore, we aim to establish a functional VF implant in a rabbit model by magnetic tissue engineering (MTE) using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION). Hence, iron quantification over time as well as cell behavior studies upon SPION treatment are of great importance. METHODS Rabbit VF fibroblasts (VFF) were treated with different concentrations of SPIONs (20, 40, and 80 μg/cm2), and iron content was examined for up to 40 days using microwave plasma-atom emission spectroscopy. The effects of SPION treatment on VFF (adhesion, spreading, and migration), which are important for the formation of 3D structures, were tested. RESULTS Cellular SPION quantification revealed that there was no residual iron remaining in VFFs after 40 days. SPIONs had a dose-dependent effect on cell adhesion, with good tolerability observed up to 20 μg/cm2. Migration and spreading were not significantly influenced by SPION treatment up to 80 μg/cm2. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION To develop 3D structures, cell behavior should not be affected by SPION uptake. After 40 days, cells were free of iron as a result of metabolism or rarefication during cell division. Cell functions including adhesion, spreading, and migration were proven to be intact in a dose-dependent manner after SPION treatment, suggesting a safe usage of MTE for voice rehabilitation. Our results thus constitute a solid basis for a successful transfer of this technique into 3D constructs, in order to provide an individual and personalized human VF implant in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pöttler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine, Else Kröner Fresenius Stiftung-Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), University Hospital Erlangen, Glückstraße 10a, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Fliedner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine, Else Kröner Fresenius Stiftung-Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eveline Schreiber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine, Else Kröner Fresenius Stiftung-Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Janko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine, Else Kröner Fresenius Stiftung-Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ralf Philipp Friedrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine, Else Kröner Fresenius Stiftung-Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christopher Bohr
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Döllinger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine, Else Kröner Fresenius Stiftung-Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephan Dürr
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine, Else Kröner Fresenius Stiftung-Professorship, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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Mills RD, Dodd K, Ablavsky A, Devine E, Jiang JJ. Parameters From the Complete Phonatory Range of an Excised Rabbit Larynx. J Voice 2017; 31:517.e9-517.e17. [PMID: 28108153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to collect data throughout the complete phonatory range using rabbit larynges. STUDY DESIGN This is a methodological excised rabbit larynx study. METHODS Seven rabbit larynges were dissected and mounted on a modified excised laryngeal apparatus. Phonation was initiated at phonation threshold pressure (PTP) and airflow was increased by consistent increments until phonation instability pressure (PIP) was reached. At each airflow level, aerodynamic measurements, acoustic recordings, and high-speed videos were recorded. This procedure was repeated at multiple elongation conditions to further explore the parameters. Data were then compared across subjects and elongation conditions. RESULTS At PTP, subglottal pressure, fundamental frequency, and sound pressure level were found to increase significantly as elongation was increased. As elongation was increased at PIP, airflow was found to significantly decrease, whereas fundamental frequency was found to significantly increase. Vibratory amplitude decreased at both PTP and PIP as elongation increased. Also, as elongation increased, the range of all parameters was found to decrease significantly. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained, combined with the similarities of the histologic structure of the vocal fold lamina propria between rabbits and humans, validate the rabbit larynx as an effective and reliable model for tissue inflammation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randal D Mills
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Keith Dodd
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Alex Ablavsky
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Erin Devine
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jack J Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
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Awan SN, Novaleski CK, Rousseau B. Nonlinear analyses of elicited modal, raised, and pressed rabbit phonation. J Voice 2014; 28:538-47. [PMID: 24836360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The purpose of this study was to use nonlinear dynamic analysis methods such as phase space portraits and correlation dimension (D2) as well as descriptive spectrographic analyses to characterize acoustic signals produced during evoked rabbit phonation. METHODS Seventeen New Zealand white breeder rabbits were used to perform the study. A Grass S-88 stimulator (SA Instrumentation, Encinitas, CA) and constant current isolation unit (Grass Telefactor, model PSIU6; West Warwick, RI) were used to provide electrical stimulation to laryngeal musculature, and transglottal airflow rate and stimulation current (mA) were manipulated to elicit modal, raised intensity, and pressed phonations. Central 1 second portions of the most stable portion of the acoustic waveform for modal, raised intensity, and pressed phonations were edited and then analyzed via phase space portraits, Poincaré sections, and the estimation of the D2. In an attempt to limit the effects of the highly variable and nonstationary characteristics of some of the signals being analyzed, D2 analysis was also performed on the most stable central 200-millisecond portion of the acoustic waveform. Descriptive analysis of each phonation was also conducted using sound spectrograms. RESULTS Results showed that the complexity of phonation and the subsequent acoustic waveform is increased as transglottal airflow rate and degree of glottal adduction are manipulated in the evoked rabbit phonation model. In particular, phonatory complexity, as quantified via D2 analyses and demonstrated via spectrographic characteristics, increases from "modal" (ie, phonation elicited at just above the phonation threshold pressure) to raised intensity (phonation elicited by increasing transglottal airflow rate) to pressed (phonation elicited by increasing the stimulation current delivered to the larynx). Variations in a single dynamic dimension (airflow rate or adductory force) resulted in significantly increased productions of nonlinear phenomenon, including bifurcations from periodicity to regions of subharmonic content, fundamental frequency, and harmonic jumps, and evidence of periodicity within aperiodic regions ("chaos"). CONCLUSIONS The evoked rabbit phonation model described in this study allows for the elicitation of various types of phonations under controlled conditions and, therefore, has the potential to provide insight regarding important variables that may elicit examples of nonlinear phenomena such as subharmonics and deterministic chaos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaheen N Awan
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania, Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania.
| | - Carolyn K Novaleski
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Bernard Rousseau
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing and Speech Sciences, and Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
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Kim YM, Oh SH, Choi JS, Lee S, Ra JC, Lee JH, Lim JY. Adipose-derived stem cell-containing hyaluronic acid/alginate hydrogel improves vocal fold wound healing. Laryngoscope 2013; 124:E64-72. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.24405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Mo Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Inha University School of Medicine; Incheon
- Translational Research Center; Inha University School of Medicine; Incheon
| | - Se H. Oh
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and WCU Research Center; Dankook University; Cheonan
| | - Jeong-Seok Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Inha University School of Medicine; Incheon
- Translational Research Center; Inha University School of Medicine; Incheon
| | - Songyi Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Inha University School of Medicine; Incheon
- Translational Research Center; Inha University School of Medicine; Incheon
| | - Jeong C. Ra
- Stem Cell Research Center, RNL Bio Co., Ltd.; Seoul
| | - Jin H. Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials; Hannam University; Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yol Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Inha University School of Medicine; Incheon
- Translational Research Center; Inha University School of Medicine; Incheon
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