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Cheng WL, Chao SP, Zhao F, Cai HH, Zeng Z, Cao JL, Jin Z, Deng KQ, Hu X, Wang H, Lu Z. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 5 protects against intimal hyperplasia by regulation of macrophage polarization via directly targeting PPARγ. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:929-943. [PMID: 38642079 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Intimal hyperplasia is a serious clinical problem associated with the failure of therapeutic methods in multiple atherosclerosis-related coronary heart diseases, which are initiated and aggravated by the polarization of infiltrating macrophages. The present study aimed to determine the effect and underlying mechanism by which tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 5 (TRAF5) regulates macrophage polarization during intimal hyperplasia. METHODS TRAF5 expression was detected in mouse carotid arteries subjected to wire injury. Bone marrow-derived macrophages, mouse peritoneal macrophages and human myeloid leukemia mononuclear cells were also used to test the expression of TRAF5 in vitro. Bone marrow-derived macrophages upon to LPS or IL-4 stimulation were performed to examine the effect of TRAF5 on macrophage polarization. TRAF5-knockout mice were used to evaluate the effect of TRAF5 on intimal hyperplasia. RESULTS TRAF5 expression gradually decreased during neointima formation in carotid arteries in a time-dependent manner. In addition, the results showed that TRAF5 expression was reduced in classically polarized macrophages (M1) subjected to LPS stimulation but was increased in alternatively polarized macrophages (M2) in response to IL-4 administration, and these changes were demonstrated in three different types of macrophages. An in vitro loss-of-function study with TRAF5 knockdown plasmids or TRAF5-knockout mice revealed high expression of markers associated with M1 macrophages and reduced expression of genes related to M2 macrophages. Subsequently, we incubated vascular smooth muscle cells with conditioned medium of polarized macrophages in which TRAF5 expression had been downregulated or ablated, which promoted the proliferation, migration and dedifferentiation of VSMCs. Mechanistically, TRAF5 knockdown inhibited the activation of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages by directly inhibiting PPARγ expression. More importantly, TRAF5-deficient mice showed significantly aggressive intimal hyperplasia. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, this evidence reveals an important role of TRAF5 in the development of intimal hyperplasia through the regulation of macrophage polarization, which provides a promising target for arterial restenosis-related disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Lin Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Sheng-Ping Chao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Huan-Huan Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ziyue Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jian-Lei Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhili Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ke-Qiong Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaorong Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hairong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Zhibing Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, No.169 Donghu Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Missiou A, Rudolf P, Stachon P, Wolf D, Varo N, Aichele P, Colberg C, Hoppe N, Ernst S, Münkel C, Walter C, Sommer B, Hilgendorf I, Nakano H, Bode C, Zirlik A. TRAF5 Deficiency Accelerates Atherogenesis in Mice by Increasing Inflammatory Cell Recruitment and Foam Cell Formation. Circ Res 2010; 107:757-66. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.110.219295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Rationale:
Tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factors (TRAFs) are cytoplasmic adaptor proteins for the TNF/interleukin-1/Toll-like receptor superfamily. Ligands of this family comprise multiple important cytokines such as TNFα, CD40L, and interleukin-1β that promote chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. We recently reported overexpression of TRAF5 in murine and human atheromata and that TRAF5 promotes inflammatory functions of cultured endothelial cells and macrophages.
Objective:
This study tested the hypothesis that TRAF5 modulates atherogenesis in vivo.
Methods and Results:
Surprisingly, TRAF5
−/−
/LDLR
−/−
mice consuming a high-cholesterol diet for 18 weeks developed significantly larger atherosclerotic lesions than did TRAF5
+/+
/LDLR
−/−
controls. Plaques of TRAF5-deficient animals contained more lipids and macrophages, whereas smooth muscle cells and collagen remained unchanged. Deficiency of TRAF5 in endothelial cells or in leukocytes enhanced adhesion of inflammatory cells to the endothelium in dynamic adhesion assays in vitro and in murine vessels imaged by intravital microscopy in vivo. TRAF5 deficiency also increased expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines and potentiated macrophage lipid uptake and foam cell formation. These findings coincided with increased activation of JNK and appeared to be independent of TRAF2. Finally, patients with stable or acute coronary heart disease had significantly lower amounts of TRAF5 mRNA in blood compared with healthy controls.
Conclusions:
Unexpectedly, TRAF5 deficiency accelerates atherogenesis in mice, an effect likely mediated by increased inflammatory cell recruitment to the vessel wall and enhanced foam cell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Missiou
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Philipp Rudolf
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peter Stachon
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dennis Wolf
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nerea Varo
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peter Aichele
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christian Colberg
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natalie Hoppe
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sandra Ernst
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christian Münkel
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Carina Walter
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Benjamin Sommer
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ingo Hilgendorf
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Nakano
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christoph Bode
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andreas Zirlik
- From the Department of Cardiology (A.M., P.R., P.S., D.W., C.C., N.H., S.E., C.M., C.W., B.S., I.H., C.B., A.Z.); Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (A.M., A.Z.); Faculty of Biology (A.M.); and Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Immunology (P.A.), University of Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Chemistry (N.V.), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; and Department of Immunology (H.N.), Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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