1
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Belin AC, Barloese MC. The genetics and chronobiology of cluster headache. Cephalalgia 2023; 43:3331024231208126. [PMID: 37851671 DOI: 10.1177/03331024231208126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/HYPOTHESIS Cluster headache displays uniquely rhythmic patterns in its attack manifestation. This strong chronobiological influence suggests that part of the pathophysiology of cluster headache is distinctly different from migraine and has prompted genetic investigations probing these systems. METHODS This is a narrative overview of the cluster headache chronobiological phenotype from the point of view of genetics covering existing knowledge, highlighting the specific challenges in cluster headache and suggesting novel research approaches to overcome these. RESULTS The chronobiological features of cluster headache are a hallmark of the disorder and while discrepancies between study results do exist, the main findings are highly reproducible across populations and time. Particular findings in subgroups indicate that the heritability of the disorder is linked to chronobiological systems. Meanwhile, genetic markers of circadian rhythm genes have been implicated in cluster headache, but with conflicting results. However, in two recently published genome wide association studies two of the identified four loci include genes with an involvement in circadian rhythm, MER proto-oncogene, tyrosine kinase and four and a half LIM domains 5. These findings strengthen the involvement of circadian rhythm in cluster headache pathophysiology. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION Studying chronobiology and genetics in cluster headache presents challenges unique to the disorder. Researchers are overcoming these challenges by pooling various data from different cohorts and performing meta-analyses providing novel insights into a classically enigmatic disorder. Further progress can likely be made by combining deep pheno- and genotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Carmine Belin
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mads Christian Barloese
- Department of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
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2
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Wong D, Auguste G, Cardenas CLL, Turner AW, Chen Y, Song Y, Ma L, Perry RN, Aherrahrou R, Kuppusamy M, Yang C, Mosquera JV, Dube CJ, Khan MD, Palmore M, Kalra JK, Kavousi M, Peyser PA, Matic L, Hedin U, Manichaikul A, Sonkusare SK, Civelek M, Kovacic JC, Björkegren JL, Malhotra R, Miller CL. FHL5 Controls Vascular Disease-Associated Gene Programs in Smooth Muscle Cells. Circ Res 2023; 132:1144-1161. [PMID: 37017084 PMCID: PMC10147587 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies have identified hundreds of loci associated with common vascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and hypertension. However, the lack of mechanistic insights for many GWAS loci limits their translation into the clinic. Among these loci with unknown functions is UFL1-four-and-a-half LIM (LIN-11, Isl-1, MEC-3) domain 5 (FHL5; chr6q16.1), which reached genome-wide significance in a recent coronary artery disease/ myocardial infarction GWAS meta-analysis. UFL1-FHL5 is also associated with several vascular diseases, consistent with the widespread pleiotropy observed for GWAS loci. METHODS We apply a multimodal approach leveraging statistical fine-mapping, epigenomic profiling, and ex vivo analysis of human coronary artery tissues to implicate FHL5 as the top candidate causal gene. We unravel the molecular mechanisms of the cross-phenotype genetic associations through in vitro functional analyses and epigenomic profiling experiments in coronary artery smooth muscle cells. RESULTS We prioritized FHL5 as the top candidate causal gene at the UFL1-FHL5 locus through expression quantitative trait locus colocalization methods. FHL5 gene expression was enriched in the smooth muscle cells and pericyte population in human artery tissues with coexpression network analyses supporting a functional role in regulating smooth muscle cell contraction. Unexpectedly, under procalcifying conditions, FHL5 overexpression promoted vascular calcification and dysregulated processes related to extracellular matrix organization and calcium handling. Lastly, by mapping FHL5 binding sites and inferring FHL5 target gene function using artery tissue gene regulatory network analyses, we highlight regulatory interactions between FHL5 and downstream coronary artery disease/myocardial infarction loci, such as FOXL1 and FN1 that have roles in vascular remodeling. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these studies provide mechanistic insights into the pleiotropic genetic associations of UFL1-FHL5. We show that FHL5 mediates vascular disease risk through transcriptional regulation of downstream vascular remodeling gene programs. These transacting mechanisms may explain a portion of the heritable risk for complex vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Wong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Gaëlle Auguste
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Christian L. Lino Cardenas
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adam W. Turner
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Yixuan Chen
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Yipei Song
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Lijiang Ma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - R. Noah Perry
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Redouane Aherrahrou
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Maniselvan Kuppusamy
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Chaojie Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jose Verdezoto Mosquera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Collin J. Dube
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Mohammad Daud Khan
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Meredith Palmore
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jaspreet K. Kalra
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ljubica Matic
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Hedin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Swapnil K. Sonkusare
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Mete Civelek
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jason C. Kovacic
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Johan L.M. Björkegren
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Integrated Cardio Metabolic Centre, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Rajeev Malhotra
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Clint L. Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Ren J, Sun J, Li M, Zhang Z, Yang D, Cao H. MAPK Activated Protein Kinase 3 Is a Prognostic-Related Biomarker and Associated With Immune Infiltrates in Glioma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:793025. [PMID: 34938665 PMCID: PMC8685266 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.793025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor that causes significant morbidity and mortality. MAPK activated protein kinase 3 (MAPKAPK3/MK3) is a serine/threonine protein kinase regulating various cellular responses and gene expression. However, the role of MK3 in tumor progress, prognosis, and immunity for glioma remains unclear. Here, we determined the expression and prognostic values of MK3. We further analyzed the correlation of MK3 expression with immune infiltrations by using the biochemical methods and bioinformatic approaches with available databases. We find that MK3 is aberrantly upregulated in glioma. In addition, the higher MK3 expression is closely linked to the poor clinicopathologic features of glioma patients. Importantly, MK3 expression is negatively correlated with the prognosis of patients with glioma. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that the correlated genes of MK3 were mainly enriched in pathways that regulate tumor immune responses. The MK3 level was significantly associated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells and positively correlated with the majority of tumor immunoinhibitors, chemokines, and chemokine receptors in glioma. Thus, these findings suggest the novel prognostic roles of MK3 and define MK3 as a promising target for glioma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jinmin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengwei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zifan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dejun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Haowei Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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4
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Tierney JW, Evans BC, Cheung-Flynn J, Wang B, Colazo JM, Polcz ME, Cook RS, Brophy CM, Duvall CL. Therapeutic MK2 inhibition blocks pathological vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype switch. JCI Insight 2021; 6:142339. [PMID: 34622803 PMCID: PMC8525639 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.142339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular procedures, such as stenting, angioplasty, and bypass grafting, often fail due to intimal hyperplasia (IH), wherein contractile vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) dedifferentiate to synthetic VSMCs, which are highly proliferative, migratory, and fibrotic. Previous studies suggest MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) inhibition may limit VSMC proliferation and IH, although the molecular mechanism underlying the observation remains unclear. We demonstrated here that MK2 inhibition blocked the molecular program of contractile to synthetic dedifferentiation and mitigated IH development. Molecular markers of the VSMC contractile phenotype were sustained over time in culture in rat primary VSMCs treated with potent, long-lasting MK2 inhibitory peptide nanopolyplexes (MK2i-NPs), a result supported in human saphenous vein specimens cultured ex vivo. RNA-Seq of MK2i-NP-treated primary human VSMCs revealed programmatic switching toward a contractile VSMC gene expression profile, increasing expression of antiinflammatory and contractile-associated genes while lowering expression of proinflammatory, promigratory, and synthetic phenotype-associated genes. Finally, these results were confirmed using an in vivo rabbit vein graft model where brief, intraoperative treatment with MK2i-NPs decreased IH and synthetic phenotype markers while preserving contractile proteins. These results support further development of MK2i-NPs as a therapy for blocking VSMC phenotype switch and IH associated with cardiovascular procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J William Tierney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Brian C Evans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Joyce Cheung-Flynn
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Juan M Colazo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Monica E Polcz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of General Surgery and
| | - Rebecca S Cook
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Colleen M Brophy
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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5
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Decoy Technology as a Promising Therapeutic Tool for Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094420. [PMID: 33922585 PMCID: PMC8122884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been classified into several types of disease, of which atherosclerosis is the most prevalent. Atherosclerosis is characterized as an inflammatory chronic disease which is caused by the formation of lesions in the arterial wall. Subsequently, lesion progression and disruption ultimately lead to heart disease and stroke. The development of atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of approximately 50% of all deaths in westernized societies. Countless studies have aimed to improve therapeutic approaches for atherosclerosis treatment; however, it remains high on the global list of challenges toward healthy and long lives. Some patients with familial hypercholesterolemia could not get intended LDL-C goals even with high doses of traditional therapies such as statins, with many of them being unable to tolerate statins because of the harsh side effects. Furthermore, even in patients achieving target LDL-C levels, the residual risk of traditional therapies is still significant thus highlighting the necessity of ongoing research for more effective therapeutic approaches with minimal side effects. Decoy-based drug candidates represent an opportunity to inhibit regulatory pathways that promote atherosclerosis. In this review, the potential roles of decoys in the treatment of atherosclerosis were described based on the in vitro and in vivo findings.
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6
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Dailing EA, Kilchrist KV, Tierney JW, Fletcher RB, Evans BC, Duvall CL. Modifying Cell Membranes with Anionic Polymer Amphiphiles Potentiates Intracellular Delivery of Cationic Peptides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:50222-50235. [PMID: 33124813 PMCID: PMC9082340 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, facile, and noncovalent cell membrane modification with alkyl-grafted anionic polymers was sought as an approach to enhance intracellular delivery and bioactivity of cationic peptides. We synthesized a library of acrylic acid-based copolymers containing varying amounts of an amine-reactive pentafluorophenyl acrylate monomer followed by postpolymerization modification with a series of alkyl amines to afford precise control over the length and density of aliphatic alkyl side chains. This synthetic strategy enabled systematic investigation of the effect of the polymer structure on membrane binding, potentiation of peptide cell uptake, pH-dependent disruption of lipid bilayers for endosome escape, and intracellular bioavailability. A subset of these polymers exhibited pKa of ∼6.8, which facilitated stable membrane association at physiological pH and rapid, pH-dependent endosomal disruption upon endocytosis as quantified in Galectin-8-YFP reporter cells. Cationic cell penetrating peptide (CPP) uptake was enhanced up to 15-fold in vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro when peptide treatment was preceded by a 30-min pretreatment with lead candidate polymers. We also designed and implemented a new and highly sensitive assay for measuring the intracellular bioavailability of CPPs based on the NanoLuciferase (NanoLuc) technology previously developed for measuring intracellular protein-protein interactions. Using this split luciferase class of assay, polymer pretreatment enhanced intracellular delivery of the CPP-modified HiBiT peptide up to 30-fold relative to CPP-HiBiT without polymer pretreatment (p < 0.05). The overall structural analyses show that polymers containing 50:50 or 70:30 molar ratios of carboxyl groups to alkyl side chains of 6-8 carbons maximized peptide uptake, pH-dependent membrane disruption, and intracellular bioavailability and that this potentiation effect was maximized by pairing with CPPs with high cationic charge density. These results demonstrate a rapid, mild method for polymer modification of cell surfaces to potentiate intracellular delivery, endosome escape, and bioactivity of cationic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Dailing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Kameron V Kilchrist
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - J William Tierney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - R Brock Fletcher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Brian C Evans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, PMB 351634, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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7
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A Systematic Analysis of Dysregulated Long Non-Coding RNAs/microRNAs/mRNAs in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Am J Med Sci 2020; 360:701-710. [PMID: 33012486 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2020.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) accounts up for approximately 30% of all lung cancers with a high mortality. The study was aimed at finding genes critical in the diagnosis and prognosis of LUSC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The differentially expressed (DE) genes (DEGs) and DE lncRNAs (DELs) from 501 LUSC and 49 normal lung tissues, and DE miRNAs (DEMs) from 478 LUSC and 45 normal lung tissues were respectively obtained via the TCGA database. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, and co-expression network analyses were performed. Survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve of hub mRNAs were also analyzed. Competitive endogenous RNA networks of lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs were constructed. RESULTS A total of 5747 DEGs, 378 DEMs and 3141 DELs in LUSC were identified in LUSC. The DEGs including AUARK, CDK1, KIF11 and EXO1 were proven to be significant metastatic indicators in LUSC, and 2 DEGs were significantly associated with the survival in LUSC patients. Some genes might have connections with many other gene nodes through a co-expression network. Four lncRNAs, 2 mRNAs and 2 miRNAs were identified as the candidates for the competitive miRNA-mRNA-lncRNA network and might serve as prognostic markers in LUSC. CONCLUSIONS We identified the differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in LUSC, providing further insights into the molecular mechanism of LUSC tumorigenesis and the potential prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for LUSC.
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8
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Uchida D, Saito Y, Kikuchi S, Yoshida Y, Hirata S, Sasajima T, Azuma N. Development of gene therapy with a cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element decoy oligodeoxynucleotide to prevent vascular intimal hyperplasia. J Vasc Surg 2019; 71:229-241. [PMID: 31204215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intimal hyperplasia (IH) is the main cause of therapeutic failure after vascular and endovascular surgery. However, there is currently no targeted therapy for the treatment of IH. We recently reported that the inhibition of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element (CRE) binding protein (CREB) activation is important in vein graft IH. We focused on a decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) therapeutic strategy for suppressing IH as a clinical application. The objective of this study was to confirm the therapeutic effect of a CRE decoy ODN in an animal model as a novel therapy for preventing intimal hyperplasia as the first step of the preclinical study of our strategy. METHODS We designed two phosphorothioate CREs and two scramble decoy ODNs and screened them using a CREB transcription assay to check their ability to bind to a CRE sequence. We chose a CRE decoy ODN with high first-binding ability and transfected it into vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in vitro. Proliferation and migration were assessed using MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assays and modified Boyden chamber assays. We examined CRE activity using a luciferase reporter gene assay. We assessed the expression of messenger RNAs by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In a wire-injury mouse model (C57BL6, n = 6), CRE decoy ODN was transfected into the injured vessel wall using an ultrasound-sonoporation method in vivo. Mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPKAPK3) and four and a half LIM domains 5 (FHL5) expression of pregrafting vein remnants were assessed by immunohistologic analyses. RESULTS Compared with scramble decoy ODN, the selected CRE decoy ODN could significantly decrease CRE activity (mean ± standard error of the mean: 0.20 ± 0.03 vs 1.00 ± 0.16, n = 6; P < .05) as shown by a luciferase reporter gene assay, VSMC proliferation (0.73 ± 0.04 vs 0.89 ± 0.02, n = 6; P < .05) and migration (96.4 ± 6.1 vs 311.4 ± 19.1 migrated VSMCs/well, n = 6; P < .05) after 24-hour transfection. The CRE decoy ODN significantly suppressed the formation of IH at injured vessel walls in an animal model, as analyzed by pathologic staining (0.20 ± 0.02 vs 0.56 ± 0.08, area of the intima/area of the artery vs the control after 21 days' transfection, n = 6; P < .05). Furthermore, MAPKAPK3 and FHL5, which are CREB activators, were significantly expressed in pregrafting vein remnants in diabetes mellitus patients. CONCLUSIONS CREB-CRE signaling is an important mechanism of IH formation, and CRE decoy therapy can help preventing IH. This study is the first part of the preclinical study of our strategy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- CREB-Binding Protein/genetics
- CREB-Binding Protein/metabolism
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Humans
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- LIM Domain Proteins/genetics
- LIM Domain Proteins/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/injuries
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Neointima
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/genetics
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/metabolism
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Response Elements/genetics
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Vascular System Injuries/genetics
- Vascular System Injuries/metabolism
- Vascular System Injuries/pathology
- Vascular System Injuries/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Uchida
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Saito
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Shinsuke Kikuchi
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuri Yoshida
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hirata
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Sasajima
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Azuma
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan
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9
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Yang X, Gao Z, Liu H, Wu W. Biodegrading highly porous elastomeric graft regenerates muscular and innervated carotid artery-Comparative study with vein graft. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:1095-1108. [PMID: 30942530 DOI: 10.1002/term.2856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the superiorities of fast degrading elastomeric poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS)/polycaprolactone (PCL) grafts over autologous vein grafts in the reconstruction of carotid artery, thus providing more suitable vascular grafts for carotid artery replacement. We fabricated small arterial grafts from microporous tubes of PGS reinforced with PCL nanofibers on the outer surface. As control, autologous jugular veins were harvested as vein grafts. Both types of grafts were interpositioned in rat carotid arteries and evaluated at 1 year postoperatively. PGS/PCL grafts remodelled into "neoarteries" (regenerated arteries) with smooth and even vessel wall approximate to native carotid arteries. In contrast, dilated vessel cavity and thickening vessel wall presented in neoarteries remoulded from vein. Histologically, neoarteries from both groups mimic arterial tissue architecture with a confluent endothelium and media and adventita-like layers, whereas PGS/PCL neoarteries presented well-organized muscular component and elastic fibres, which contributed more flexibility and elasticity. Different from vein grafts, PGS/PCL neoarteries acquired reinnervation and displayed apparent vascular function of contraction and relaxation, as was confirmed with responsiveness to various vasoactivators, which suggests that vascular cells within neoarteries express functional phenotypes and potential of autonomic reactivity that carotid arteries owned. To conclude, according to the requirement of strong flexibility, innervation from sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves which can response the carbon dioxide and blood pressure, the muscular remodelling and innervation possessed promising possibility of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military region, Urumchi, China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, General Hospital of Xinjiang Military region, Urumchi, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Ikram MA, Zonneveld HI, Roshchupkin G, Smith AV, Franco OH, Sigurdsson S, van Duijn C, Uitterlinden AG, Launer LJ, Vernooij MW, Gudnason V, Adams HH. Heritability and genome-wide associations studies of cerebral blood flow in the general population. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2018; 38. [PMID: 28627999 PMCID: PMC6120124 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17715861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral blood flow is an important process for brain functioning and its dysregulation is implicated in multiple neurological disorders. While environmental risk factors have been identified, it remains unclear to what extent the flow is regulated by genetics. Here we performed heritability and genome-wide association analyses of cerebral blood flow in a population-based cohort study. We included 4472 persons free of cortical infarcts who underwent genotyping and phase-contrast magnetic resonance flow imaging (mean age 64.8 ± 10.8 years). The flow rate, cross-sectional area of the vessel, and flow velocity through the vessel were measured in the basilar artery and bilateral carotids. We found that the flow rate of the basilar artery is most heritable (h2 (SE) = 24.1 (9.8), p-value = 0.0056), and this increased over age. The association studies revealed two significant loci for the right carotid artery area (rs12546630, p-value = 2.0 × 10-8) and velocity (rs2971609, p-value = 1.4 × 10-8), with the latter showing a concordant effect in an independent sample (N = 1350, p-value = 0.057, meta-analyzed p-value = 2.5 × 10-9). These loci were also associated with other cerebral blood flow parameters below genome-wide significance, and rs2971609 lies in a known migraine locus. These findings establish that cerebral blood flow is under genetic control with potential relevance for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arfan Ikram
- 1 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,2 Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,3 Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hazel I Zonneveld
- 1 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,2 Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gennady Roshchupkin
- 2 Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,4 Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albert V Smith
- 5 Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.,6 Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Oscar H Franco
- 1 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Meike W Vernooij
- 1 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,2 Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- 5 Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.,6 Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Hieab Hh Adams
- 1 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,2 Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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11
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Isaji T, Hashimoto T, Yamamoto K, Santana JM, Yatsula B, Hu H, Bai H, Jianming G, Kudze T, Nishibe T, Dardik A. Improving the Outcome of Vein Grafts: Should Vascular Surgeons Turn Veins into Arteries? Ann Vasc Dis 2017; 10:8-16. [PMID: 29034014 PMCID: PMC5579803 DOI: 10.3400/avd.ra.17-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Autogenous vein grafts remain the gold standard conduit for arterial bypass, particularly for the treatment of critical limb ischemia. Vein graft adaptation to the arterial environment, i.e., adequate dilation and wall thickening, contributes to the superior performance of vein grafts. However, abnormal venous wall remodeling with excessive neointimal hyperplasia commonly causes vein graft failure. Since the PREVENT trials failed to improve vein graft outcomes, new strategies focus on the adaptive response of the venous endothelial cells to the post-surgical arterial environment. Eph-B4, the determinant of venous endothelium during embryonic development, remains expressed and functional in adult venous tissue. After surgery, vein grafts lose their venous identity, with loss of Eph-B4 expression; however, arterial identity is not gained, consistent with loss of all vessel identity. In mouse vein grafts, stimulation of venous Eph-B4 signaling promotes retention of venous identity in endothelial cells and is associated with vein graft walls that are not thickened. Eph-B4 regulates downstream signaling pathways of relevance to vascular biology, including caveolin-1, Akt, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Regulation of the Eph-B4 signaling pathway may be a novel therapeutic target to prevent vein graft failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Isaji
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Vascular Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Hashimoto
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Vascular Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare Systems, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kota Yamamoto
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeans M Santana
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Bogdan Yatsula
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Haidi Hu
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hualong Bai
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Guo Jianming
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tambudzai Kudze
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Toshiya Nishibe
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alan Dardik
- The Department of Surgery and the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Surgery, VA Connecticut Healthcare Systems, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
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12
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Prevention of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia by CREB-mediated p21 induction: An insight from a plant polyphenol. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 103:40-52. [PMID: 26807478 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) signaling cascade negatively regulates platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB)-induced smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, which is a critical event in the initiation and development of restenosis and atherosclerotic lesions. Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is one of the most abundant polyphenols extracted from salvia. The aim of this study is to investigate whether SAA exerts an action on PDGF-BB-induced proliferation via cAMP/PKA/CREB mechanism. SAA blunts PDGF-BB-induced human umbilical artery smooth muscle cell (hUASMC) proliferation via p21 induction, as evidenced by its increased mRNA and protein expression levels. The SAA-induced upregulation of p21 involves the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway; a cAMP analog mimicked the effects of SAA and a specific cAMP/PKA inhibitor opposed these effects. SAA also activated CREB, including phosphorylation at Ser133, and induced its nuclear translocation. Deletion and mutational analysis of p21 promoters, co-immunoprecipitation, and western blot analysis showed that CRE is essential for SAA-induced p21 protein expression. Transfection of dominant-negative CREB (mutated Ser133) plasmids into hUASMCs attenuated SAA-stimulated p21 expression. SAA upregulated p21 expression and activated CREB in the neointima of balloon-injured arteries in vivo. Our results indicate that SAA promotes p21 expression in SMCs through the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling cascade in vitro and prevents injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia.
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13
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Evans BC, Hocking KM, Osgood MJ, Voskresensky I, Dmowska J, Kilchrist KV, Brophy CM, Duvall CL. MK2 inhibitory peptide delivered in nanopolyplexes prevents vascular graft intimal hyperplasia. Sci Transl Med 2015; 7:291ra95. [PMID: 26062847 PMCID: PMC5371354 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaa4549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autologous vein grafts are commonly used for coronary and peripheral artery bypass but have a high incidence of intimal hyperplasia (IH) and failure. We present a nanopolyplex (NP) approach that efficiently delivers a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-activated protein (MAPKAP) kinase 2 inhibitory peptide (MK2i) to graft tissue to improve long-term patency by inhibiting pathways that initiate IH. In vitro testing in human vascular smooth muscle cells revealed that formulation into MK2i-NPs increased cell internalization, endosomal escape, and intracellular half-life of MK2i. This efficient delivery mechanism enabled MK2i-NPs to sustain potent inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production and migration in vascular cells. In intact human saphenous vein, MK2i-NPs blocked inflammatory and migratory signaling, as confirmed by reduced phosphorylation of the posttranscriptional gene regulator heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A0, the transcription factor cAMP (adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate) element-binding protein, and the chaperone heat shock protein 27. The molecular effects of MK2i-NPs caused functional inhibition of IH in human saphenous vein cultured ex vivo. In a rabbit vein transplant model, a 30-min intraoperative graft treatment with MK2i-NPs significantly reduced in vivo IH 28 days posttransplant compared with untreated or free MK2i-treated grafts. The decrease in IH in MK2i-NP-treated grafts in the rabbit model also corresponded with decreased cellular proliferation and maintenance of the vascular wall smooth muscle cells in a more contractile phenotype. These data indicate that nanoformulated MK2 inhibitors are a promising strategy for preventing graft failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Evans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Kyle M Hocking
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Michael J Osgood
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Igor Voskresensky
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Julia Dmowska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Kameron V Kilchrist
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Colleen M Brophy
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville TN 37212, USA
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA.
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14
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Ma X, Barboza LA, Siyahian A, Reinhartz O, Maeda K, Reddy VM, Hanley FL, Riemer RK. Tetralogy of Fallot: aorto-pulmonary collaterals and pulmonary arteries have distinctly different transcriptomes. Pediatr Res 2014; 76:341-6. [PMID: 25000348 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2014.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tetralogy of Fallot patients with pulmonary atresia (TOF/PA) present a pulmonary blood supply directly from aortic collateral arteries. Major aorto-pulmonary collateral arteries (MAPCAs) present substantial clinical and surgical management challenges. Surgical operations to reestablish and promote further development of a pulmonary arterial connection preferentially utilize MAPCAs for reconstruction of central pulmonary arteries. However, the propensity of some MAPCAs to develop stenosis rather than growth may impair the response to reconstructions. METHODS Probe sets prepared from MAPCAs, PA, and aorta mRNA were used to interrogate human genome microarrays. We compared expression differences between pairs of the three vessels to determine whether MAPCAs display distinct expression patterns. RESULTS Functional clustering analysis identified differences in gene expression, which were further analyzed by gene ontology classification. A subset of highly regulated genes was validated using quantitative PCR. Expression differences among vessel types were observed for multiple gene classes. Of note, we observed that MAPCAs differentially express several genes at much higher levels than either PA or aorta. CONCLUSION MAPCAs differ from PA or aorta by significantly altered levels in gene expression, suggesting a transcriptional basis for their physiology that will guide a further understanding of the pathobiology of MAPCAs and TOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Ma
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Laura A Barboza
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Arpi Siyahian
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Olaf Reinhartz
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Katsuhide Maeda
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | - Frank L Hanley
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Robert Kirk Riemer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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