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Jennysdotter Olofsgård F, Ran C, Qin Y, Fourier C, Waldenlind E, Steinberg A, Sjöstrand C, Belin AC. Genetic and Phenotypic Profiling of Triptan Users in a Swedish Cluster Headache Cohort. J Mol Neurosci 2024; 74:45. [PMID: 38634984 PMCID: PMC11026232 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-024-02219-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Up to 25% of individuals who live with cluster headache (CH), an extremely painful primary headache disorder, do not adequately respond to the first-line treatment, triptans. Studies have indicated that genetic variants can play a role in treatment response. Likewise, differences in clinical characteristics can give clues to mechanisms underlying triptan non-response. Our aim was to investigate five genetic variants previously implicated in triptan response and their relation to triptan usage in our Swedish CH cohort and to investigate potential distinctions in clinical characteristics. 545 CH patients were screened for the genetic variants rs1024905, rs6724624, rs4795541, rs5443, and rs2651899 with a case control design based on triptan usage. Analysis of clinical characteristics was based on self-reported questionnaire data from 893 patients. One genetic variant, rs1024905, was significantly associated with triptan non-usage in CH (Pc = 0.010). In addition, multi-allele effector analysis showed that individuals with a higher number of effector variants were less likely to use triptans (P = 0.007). Analysis of clinical characteristics showed that triptan users were more likely to have alcohol as a trigger (57.4% vs 43.4%, P = 0.002), have autonomic symptoms (95.1% vs 88.1%, P = 0.002), and be current smokers (27.0% vs 21.9%, P = 0.033) compared to non-users. These results support the hypothesis that genetic variants can play a role in triptan usage in CH and that patients with a typical CH phenotype are more likely to use triptans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline Ran
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuyan Qin
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carmen Fourier
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Steinberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Sjöstrand
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrea Carmine Belin
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Smedfors G, Jennysdotter Olofsgård F, Steinberg A, Waldenlind E, Ran C, Belin AC. Use of Prescribed and Non-Prescribed Treatments for Cluster Headache in a Swedish Cohort. Brain Sci 2024; 14:348. [PMID: 38672000 PMCID: PMC11048603 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cluster headache (CH) is a debilitating condition, but current therapies leave CH patients in pain. The extent of this problem in Sweden is unknown. METHODS An anonymized questionnaire was sent to 479 Swedish CH patients to investigate patterns and perceived effects of treatments. RESULTS Three hundred fourteen answers were analyzed. The population was representative regarding age of onset and sex. Less than half (46%) were satisfied with their abortive treatments, 19% terminated functioning abortive treatments due to side effects. Additionally, 17% of chronic CH patients had not tried the first-line preventive drug verapamil. A small subset had tried illicit substances to treat their CH (0-8% depending on substance). Notably, psilocybin was reported effective as an abortive treatment by 100% (n = 8), and with some level of effect as a preventive treatment by 92% (n = 12). For verapamil, some level of preventive effect was reported among 68% (n = 85). CONCLUSIONS Our descriptive data illustrate that many Swedish CH patients are undertreated, lack functional therapies, and experience side effects. Further studies are warranted to search for new treatment strategies as well as a revision of current treatment guidelines with the aim of reducing patient disease burden to the greatest extent possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Smedfors
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (G.S.); (F.J.O.); (C.R.)
| | - Felicia Jennysdotter Olofsgård
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (G.S.); (F.J.O.); (C.R.)
| | - Anna Steinberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Ran
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (G.S.); (F.J.O.); (C.R.)
| | - Andrea Carmine Belin
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden; (G.S.); (F.J.O.); (C.R.)
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Vollstedt EJ, Madoev H, Aasly A, Ahmad-Annuar A, Al-Mubarak B, Alcalay RN, Alvarez V, Amorin I, Annesi G, Arkadir D, Bardien S, Barker RA, Barkhuizen M, Basak AN, Bonifati V, Boon A, Brighina L, Brockmann K, Carmine Belin A, Carr J, Clarimon J, Cornejo-Olivas M, Correia Guedes L, Corvol JC, Crosiers D, Damásio J, Das P, de Carvalho Aguiar P, De Rosa A, Dorszewska J, Ertan S, Ferese R, Ferreira J, Gatto E, Genç G, Giladi N, Gómez-Garre P, Hanagasi H, Hattori N, Hentati F, Hoffman-Zacharska D, Illarioshkin SN, Jankovic J, Jesús S, Kaasinen V, Kievit A, Klivenyi P, Kostic V, Koziorowski D, Kühn AA, Lang AE, Lim SY, Lin CH, Lohmann K, Markovic V, Martikainen MH, Mellick G, Merello M, Milanowski L, Mir P, Öztop-Çakmak Ö, Pimentel MMG, Pulkes T, Puschmann A, Rogaeva E, Sammler EM, Skaalum Petersen M, Skorvanek M, Spitz M, Suchowersky O, Tan AH, Termsarasab P, Thaler A, Tumas V, Valente EM, van de Warrenburg B, Williams-Gray CH, Wu RM, Zhang B, Zimprich A, Solle J, Padmanabhan S, Klein C. Establishing an online resource to facilitate global collaboration and inclusion of underrepresented populations: Experience from the MJFF Global Genetic Parkinson's Disease Project. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292180. [PMID: 37788254 PMCID: PMC10547150 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the fastest-growing neurodegenerative disorder, currently affecting ~7 million people worldwide. PD is clinically and genetically heterogeneous, with at least 10% of all cases explained by a monogenic cause or strong genetic risk factor. However, the vast majority of our present data on monogenic PD is based on the investigation of patients of European White ancestry, leaving a large knowledge gap on monogenic PD in underrepresented populations. Gene-targeted therapies are being developed at a fast pace and have started entering clinical trials. In light of these developments, building a global network of centers working on monogenic PD, fostering collaborative research, and establishing a clinical trial-ready cohort is imperative. Based on a systematic review of the English literature on monogenic PD and a successful team science approach, we have built up a network of 59 sites worldwide and have collected information on the availability of data, biomaterials, and facilities. To enable access to this resource and to foster collaboration across centers, as well as between academia and industry, we have developed an interactive map and online tool allowing for a quick overview of available resources, along with an option to filter for specific items of interest. This initiative is currently being merged with the Global Parkinson's Genetics Program (GP2), which will attract additional centers with a focus on underrepresented sites. This growing resource and tool will facilitate collaborative research and impact the development and testing of new therapies for monogenic and potentially for idiopathic PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harutyun Madoev
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Anna Aasly
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Azlina Ahmad-Annuar
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bashayer Al-Mubarak
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roy N. Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Victoria Alvarez
- Laboratório de Genética, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Amorin
- Universidad de la Republica Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Grazia Annesi
- Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Cosenza, Italy
| | - David Arkadir
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah Medical Center and the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Soraya Bardien
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Roger A. Barker
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Melinda Barkhuizen
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform, North-West University, Potchefstroom, North-West, South Africa
| | - A. Nazli Basak
- Suna and Inan Kiraç Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Vincenzo Bonifati
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Agnita Boon
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laura Brighina
- Department of Neurology, Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca/San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Monza Brianza, Italy
| | - Kathrin Brockmann
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tuebingen, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | | | - Jonathan Carr
- South African Medical Research Council/Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Department of Neurology, Biomedical Research Institute IIB-Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Cornejo-Olivas
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Peru
- Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Leonor Correia Guedes
- Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - David Crosiers
- Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Translational Neurosciences, Born Bunge Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
- Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joana Damásio
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de Santo António—Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- UnIGENe, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Parimal Das
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Patricia de Carvalho Aguiar
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anna De Rosa
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Jolanta Dorszewska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Sibel Ertan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Joaquim Ferreira
- Translational Neurosciences, Born Bunge Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Emilia Gatto
- Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Instituto de Neurosciencias Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gençer Genç
- Department of Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nir Giladi
- Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Pilar Gómez-Garre
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hasmet Hanagasi
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Faycal Hentati
- Mongi Ben Hmida National Institute of Neurology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Dorota Hoffman-Zacharska
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Joseph Jankovic
- Parkinson’s Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Silvia Jesús
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Valtteri Kaasinen
- Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Satasairaala Hospital, Pori, Finland
- Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anneke Kievit
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Klivenyi
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Vladimir Kostic
- Department for Neurodegeneration, Clinic for Neurology UCCS, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dariusz Koziorowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrea A. Kühn
- Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Unit, Charité, Department of Neurology, Campus Mitte, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anthony E. Lang
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson’s Disease, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shen-Yang Lim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, and the Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson’s & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chin-Hsien Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Vladana Markovic
- Department for Neurodegeneration, Clinic for Neurology UCCS, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mika Henrik Martikainen
- Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - George Mellick
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marcelo Merello
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Sección Movimientos Anormales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Argentine National Scientific and Technological Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lukasz Milanowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pablo Mir
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Özgür Öztop-Çakmak
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Márcia Mattos Gonçalves Pimentel
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Teeratorn Pulkes
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Rajthevi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Andreas Puschmann
- Department of Neurology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Esther M. Sammler
- Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
- Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Skaalum Petersen
- Centre of Health Science, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health, The Faroese Hospital System, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Matej Skorvanek
- Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Mariana Spitz
- Neurology Service, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Oksana Suchowersky
- Department of Medicine, Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ai Huey Tan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, and the Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson’s & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pichet Termsarasab
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Rajthevi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Avner Thaler
- Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Vitor Tumas
- Behavioral and Movement Disorders Section, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Neurogenetics Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Bart van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ruey-Mei Wu
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Baorong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Justin Solle
- The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Shalini Padmanabhan
- The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
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Belin AC, Barloese MC. The genetics and chronobiology of cluster headache. Cephalalgia 2023; 43:3331024231208126. [PMID: 37851671 DOI: 10.1177/03331024231208126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/HYPOTHESIS Cluster headache displays uniquely rhythmic patterns in its attack manifestation. This strong chronobiological influence suggests that part of the pathophysiology of cluster headache is distinctly different from migraine and has prompted genetic investigations probing these systems. METHODS This is a narrative overview of the cluster headache chronobiological phenotype from the point of view of genetics covering existing knowledge, highlighting the specific challenges in cluster headache and suggesting novel research approaches to overcome these. RESULTS The chronobiological features of cluster headache are a hallmark of the disorder and while discrepancies between study results do exist, the main findings are highly reproducible across populations and time. Particular findings in subgroups indicate that the heritability of the disorder is linked to chronobiological systems. Meanwhile, genetic markers of circadian rhythm genes have been implicated in cluster headache, but with conflicting results. However, in two recently published genome wide association studies two of the identified four loci include genes with an involvement in circadian rhythm, MER proto-oncogene, tyrosine kinase and four and a half LIM domains 5. These findings strengthen the involvement of circadian rhythm in cluster headache pathophysiology. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION Studying chronobiology and genetics in cluster headache presents challenges unique to the disorder. Researchers are overcoming these challenges by pooling various data from different cohorts and performing meta-analyses providing novel insights into a classically enigmatic disorder. Further progress can likely be made by combining deep pheno- and genotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Carmine Belin
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mads Christian Barloese
- Department of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
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Lund NLT, Petersen AS, Fronczek R, Tfelt-Hansen J, Belin AC, Meisingset T, Tronvik E, Steinberg A, Gaul C, Jensen RH. Current treatment options for cluster headache: limitations and the unmet need for better and specific treatments-a consensus article. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:121. [PMID: 37667192 PMCID: PMC10476341 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01660-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Treatment for cluster headache is currently based on a trial-and-error approach. The available preventive treatment is unspecific and based on few and small studies not adhering to modern standards. Therefore, the authors collaborated to discuss acute and preventive treatment in cluster headache, addressing the unmet need of safe and tolerable preventive medication from the perspectives of people with cluster headache and society, headache specialist and cardiologist. FINDINGS The impact of cluster headache on personal life is substantial. Mean annual direct and indirect costs of cluster headache are more than 11,000 Euros per patient. For acute treatment, the main problems are treatment response, availability, costs and, for triptans, contraindications and the maximum use allowed. Intermediate treatment with steroids and greater occipital nerve blocks are effective but cannot be used continuously. Preventive treatment is sparsely studied and overall limited by relatively low efficacy and side effects. Neurostimulation is a relevant option for treatment-refractory chronic patients. From a cardiologist's perspective use of verapamil and triptans may be worrisome and regular follow-up is essential when using verapamil and lithium. CONCLUSION We find that there is a great and unmet need to pursue novel and targeted preventive modalities to suppress the horrific pain attacks for people with cluster headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunu Laura Timotheussen Lund
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Valdemar Hansens Vej 5, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark.
- Department of Neurology, Sjællands Universitetshospital Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Anja Sofie Petersen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Valdemar Hansens Vej 5, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Rolf Fronczek
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederlands (SEIN), Sleep-Wake Centre, Heemstede, The Netherlands
| | - Jacob Tfelt-Hansen
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrea Carmine Belin
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tore Meisingset
- Norwegian Advisory Unit On Headaches, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- NorHEAD, Norwegian Headache Research Centre, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erling Tronvik
- Norwegian Advisory Unit On Headaches, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- NorHEAD, Norwegian Headache Research Centre, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anna Steinberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charly Gaul
- Charly Gaul, Headache Center, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rigmor Højland Jensen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Valdemar Hansens Vej 5, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark
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Ran C, Jennysdotter Olofsgård F, Steinberg A, Sjöstrand C, Waldenlind E, Dahlgren A, Belin AC. Patients with cluster headache show signs of insomnia and sleep related stress: results from an actigraphy and self-assessed sleep study. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:114. [PMID: 37596555 PMCID: PMC10439595 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01650-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cluster headache (CH) is a primary headache disorder which is characterized by circadian timing of headache attacks, usually at nighttime, in around two thirds of patients. Patients with CH often report sleep difficulties, though it is unknown whether this is a cause or a consequence of nightly headache attacks. OBJECTIVE In this case-control study we have assessed sleep quality in study participants with CH in cluster bout respectively in remission, compared to a control group of neurologically healthy individuals to investigate the potential connection between sleep and CH. METHODS Fifty study participants with CH and 42 controls were recruited for sleep assessment. Sleep was recorded using MotionWatch 8 actigraphs (CamNTech) for a period of two weeks. Study participants were instructed to wear the unit during rest and sleep and to fill out a sleep diary daily through the two-weeks period. RESULTS Results from actigraphy recordings and sleep diaries suggested that patients with CH spend longer time in bed than controls (CH 8.1 hours vs. Controls 7.7 hours, p=0.03), but do not sleep more than controls (CH 6.7 hours vs. controls 6.5 hours, p=0.3). In addition, CH patients reported increased sleep latency (p=0.003), particularly during, but not restricted to, cluster bouts. Study participants with CH further reported higher levels of stress at bedtime (p=0.01), and they felt less well rested than controls (p=0.001). CONCLUSION Our analysis suggests that sleep is negatively affected in CH both in cluster bout and in remission, manifesting in symptoms consistent with insomnia such as prolonged sleep latency and increased time in bed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ran
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | - Anna Steinberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Sjöstrand
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Dahlgren
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrea Carmine Belin
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Jennysdotter Olofsgård F, Ran C, Qin Y, Fourier C, Sjöstrand C, Waldenlind E, Steinberg A, Belin AC. Investigating Vitamin D Receptor Genetic Markers in a Cluster Headache Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065950. [PMID: 36983024 PMCID: PMC10051627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with the primary headache disorder known as cluster headache (CH) commonly report that their headache attacks occur in patterns of both circadian and seasonal rhythmicity. Vitamin D is essential for a variety of bodily functions and vitamin D levels are largely regulated by daylight exposure in connection with seasonal variation. For this Sweden-based study, the association between CH and three single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene, rs2228570, rs1544410, and rs731236, were investigated, as well as CH bouts and trigger factors in relation to seasonal and weather changes. Over 600 study participants with CH and 600 controls were genotyped for rs2228570, and genotyping results for rs1544410 and rs731236 were obtained from a previous genome-wide association study. The genotyping results were combined in a meta-analysis, with data from a Greek study. No significant association was found between rs2228570 and CH or the CH subtype in Sweden, nor did the meta-analysis show significant results for any of the three markers. The most common period of the year to experience CH bouts in Sweden was autumn, and conditions linked to weather or weather changes were also identified as potential triggers for CH bouts for a quarter of the responders who reported bout triggers. Though we cannot rule out vitamin D involvement in CH, this study does not indicate any connection between CH and the three vitamin D receptor gene markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline Ran
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuyan Qin
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carmen Fourier
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Sjöstrand
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Danderyd Hospital, 182 88 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Steinberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 64 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrea Carmine Belin
- Centre for Cluster Headache, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Fourier C, Ran C, Steinberg A, Sjöstrand C, Waldenlind E, Belin AC. Sex Differences in Clinical Features, Treatment, and Lifestyle Factors in Patients With Cluster Headache. Neurology 2023; 100:e1207-e1220. [PMID: 36543572 PMCID: PMC10033163 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000201688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cluster headache is considered a male-dominated disorder, but we have previously suggested that female patients may display a more severe phenotype. Studies on sex differences in cluster headache have been conflicting; therefore, this study, with the largest validated cluster headache material at present, gives more insights into sex-specific characteristics of the disease. The objective of this study was to describe sex differences in patient demographics, clinical phenotype, chronobiology, triggers, treatment, and lifestyle in a Swedish cluster headache population. METHODS Study participants were identified by screening medical records from 2014 to 2020, requested from hospitals and neurology clinics in Sweden for the ICD-10 code G44.0 for cluster headache. Each study participant answered a detailed questionnaire on clinical information and lifestyle, and all variables were compared with regard to sex. RESULTS A total of 874 study participants with a verified cluster headache diagnosis were included. Of the participants, 575 (66%) were male and 299 (34%) were female, and biological sex matched self-reported sex for all. Female participants were to a greater extent diagnosed with the chronic cluster headache subtype compared with male participants (18% vs 9%, p = 0.0002). In line with this observation, female participants report longer bouts than male participants (p = 0.003) and used prophylactic treatment more often (60% vs 48%, p = 0.0005). Regarding associated symptoms, female participants experienced ptosis (61% vs 47%, p = 0.0002) and restlessness (54% vs 46%, p = 0.02) more frequently compared with male participants. More female than male study participants had a positive family history of cluster headache (15% vs 7%, p = 0.0002). In addition, female participants reported diurnal rhythmicity of their attacks more often than male participants (74% vs 63%, p = 0.002). Alcohol as a trigger occurred more frequently in male participants (54% vs 48%, p = 0.01), whereas lack of sleep triggering an attack was more common in female participants (31% vs 20%, p = 0.001). DISCUSSION With this in-depth analysis of a well-characterized cluster headache population, we could demonstrate that there are significant differences between male and female participants with cluster headache, which should be regarded at the time of diagnosis and when choosing treatment options. The data suggest that female patients generally may be more gravely affected by cluster headache than male patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Fourier
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.F., C.R., A.C.B.), and Clinical Neuroscience (A.S., C.S., E.W.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (A.S., E.W.), Karolinska University Hospital; and Department of Neurology (C.S.), Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Ran
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.F., C.R., A.C.B.), and Clinical Neuroscience (A.S., C.S., E.W.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (A.S., E.W.), Karolinska University Hospital; and Department of Neurology (C.S.), Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Steinberg
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.F., C.R., A.C.B.), and Clinical Neuroscience (A.S., C.S., E.W.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (A.S., E.W.), Karolinska University Hospital; and Department of Neurology (C.S.), Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Sjöstrand
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.F., C.R., A.C.B.), and Clinical Neuroscience (A.S., C.S., E.W.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (A.S., E.W.), Karolinska University Hospital; and Department of Neurology (C.S.), Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.F., C.R., A.C.B.), and Clinical Neuroscience (A.S., C.S., E.W.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (A.S., E.W.), Karolinska University Hospital; and Department of Neurology (C.S.), Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrea Carmine Belin
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.F., C.R., A.C.B.), and Clinical Neuroscience (A.S., C.S., E.W.), Karolinska Institutet; Department of Neurology (A.S., E.W.), Karolinska University Hospital; and Department of Neurology (C.S.), Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Vollstedt EJ, Schaake S, Lohmann K, Padmanabhan S, Brice A, Lesage S, Tesson C, Vidailhet M, Wurster I, Hentati F, Mirelman A, Giladi N, Marder K, Waters C, Fahn S, Kasten M, Brüggemann N, Borsche M, Foroud T, Tolosa E, Garrido A, Annesi G, Gagliardi M, Bozi M, Stefanis L, Ferreira JJ, Correia Guedes L, Avenali M, Petrucci S, Clark L, Fedotova EY, Abramycheva NY, Alvarez V, Menéndez-González M, Jesús Maestre S, Gómez-Garre P, Mir P, Belin AC, Ran C, Lin CH, Kuo MC, Crosiers D, Wszolek ZK, Ross OA, Jankovic J, Nishioka K, Funayama M, Clarimon J, Williams-Gray CH, Camacho M, Cornejo-Olivas M, Torres-Ramirez L, Wu YR, Lee-Chen GJ, Morgadinho A, Pulkes T, Termsarasab P, Berg D, Kuhlenbäumer G, Kühn AA, Borngräber F, de Michele G, De Rosa A, Zimprich A, Puschmann A, Mellick GD, Dorszewska J, Carr J, Ferese R, Gambardella S, Chase B, Markopoulou K, Satake W, Toda T, Rossi M, Merello M, Lynch T, Olszewska DA, Lim SY, Ahmad-Annuar A, Tan AH, Al-Mubarak B, Hanagasi H, Koziorowski D, Ertan S, Genç G, de Carvalho Aguiar P, Barkhuizen M, Pimentel MMG, Saunders-Pullman R, van de Warrenburg B, Bressman S, Toft M, Appel-Cresswell S, Lang AE, Skorvanek M, Boon AJW, Krüger R, Sammler EM, Tumas V, Zhang BR, Garraux G, Chung SJ, Kim YJ, Winkelmann J, Sue CM, Tan EK, Damásio J, Klivényi P, Kostic VS, Arkadir D, Martikainen M, Borges V, Hertz JM, Brighina L, Spitz M, Suchowersky O, Riess O, Das P, Mollenhauer B, Gatto EM, Petersen MS, Hattori N, Wu RM, Illarioshkin SN, Valente EM, Aasly JO, Aasly A, Alcalay RN, Thaler A, Farrer MJ, Brockmann K, Corvol JC, Klein C. Embracing Monogenic Parkinson's Disease: The MJFF Global Genetic PD Cohort. Mov Disord 2023; 38:286-303. [PMID: 36692014 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As gene-targeted therapies are increasingly being developed for Parkinson's disease (PD), identifying and characterizing carriers of specific genetic pathogenic variants is imperative. Only a small fraction of the estimated number of subjects with monogenic PD worldwide are currently represented in the literature and availability of clinical data and clinical trial-ready cohorts is limited. OBJECTIVE The objectives are to (1) establish an international cohort of affected and unaffected individuals with PD-linked variants; (2) provide harmonized and quality-controlled clinical characterization data for each included individual; and (3) further promote collaboration of researchers in the field of monogenic PD. METHODS We conducted a worldwide, systematic online survey to collect individual-level data on individuals with PD-linked variants in SNCA, LRRK2, VPS35, PRKN, PINK1, DJ-1, as well as selected pathogenic and risk variants in GBA and corresponding demographic, clinical, and genetic data. All registered cases underwent thorough quality checks, and pathogenicity scoring of the variants and genotype-phenotype relationships were analyzed. RESULTS We collected 3888 variant carriers for our analyses, reported by 92 centers (42 countries) worldwide. Of the included individuals, 3185 had a diagnosis of PD (ie, 1306 LRRK2, 115 SNCA, 23 VPS35, 429 PRKN, 75 PINK1, 13 DJ-1, and 1224 GBA) and 703 were unaffected (ie, 328 LRRK2, 32 SNCA, 3 VPS35, 1 PRKN, 1 PINK1, and 338 GBA). In total, we identified 269 different pathogenic variants; 1322 individuals in our cohort (34%) were indicated as not previously published. CONCLUSIONS Within the MJFF Global Genetic PD Study Group, we (1) established the largest international cohort of affected and unaffected individuals carrying PD-linked variants; (2) provide harmonized and quality-controlled clinical and genetic data for each included individual; (3) promote collaboration in the field of genetic PD with a view toward clinical and genetic stratification of patients for gene-targeted clinical trials. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susen Schaake
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Shalini Padmanabhan
- Research Programs, The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexis Brice
- Department of Neurology, Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Suzanne Lesage
- Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Christelle Tesson
- Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Marie Vidailhet
- Department of Neurology, Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Isabel Wurster
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Faycel Hentati
- Mongi Ben Hmida National Institute of Neurology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anat Mirelman
- Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Nir Giladi
- Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Karen Marder
- Department of Neurology, Taub Institute for Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cheryl Waters
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stanley Fahn
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Meike Kasten
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Max Borsche
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Eduardo Tolosa
- Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED:CB06/05/0018-ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alicia Garrido
- Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED:CB06/05/0018-ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Grazia Annesi
- Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Monica Gagliardi
- Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Maria Bozi
- Parkinson's and Movement Disorders Unit, 2nd Department of Neurology of the University of Athens, Attikon Hospital, Haidari, Athens, Greece; Psychiatry Hospital of Attica "Dafni," Neurology Department, Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- First Department of Neurology, Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Joaquim J Ferreira
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Leonor Correia Guedes
- Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Neurology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, CHULN, Lisbon, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Micol Avenali
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy; Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simona Petrucci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Sant' Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorraine Clark
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Laboratory of Personalized Genomic Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Victoria Alvarez
- Laboratório de Genética, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Manuel Menéndez-González
- Servicio Neurología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Silvia Jesús Maestre
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Gómez-Garre
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Mir
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chin-Hsien Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Che Kuo
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David Crosiers
- Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium; Born Bunge Institute, Department of Neurology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium; Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Joseph Jankovic
- Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kenya Nishioka
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Funayama
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Department of Neurology, Biomedical Research Institute IIB-Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marta Camacho
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mario Cornejo-Olivas
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Peru; Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Luis Torres-Ramirez
- Movement Disorders Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Yih-Ru Wu
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung University, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Jen Lee-Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ana Morgadinho
- Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Teeratorn Pulkes
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pichet Termsarasab
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Daniela Berg
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Andrea A Kühn
- Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Unit, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friederike Borngräber
- Movement Disorder and Neuromodulation Unit, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giuseppe de Michele
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna De Rosa
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Andreas Puschmann
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Skåne University, Lund, Sweden
| | - George D Mellick
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jolanta Dorszewska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jonathan Carr
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rosangela Ferese
- IRCCS Neuromed, Localita' Camerelle, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Stefano Gambardella
- IRCCS Neuromed, Localita' Camerelle, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy
| | - Bruce Chase
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Katerina Markopoulou
- Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston Illinois and Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Wataru Satake
- Sección Movimientos Anormales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Argentine National Scientific and Technological Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tatsushi Toda
- Department of Neurology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Malco Rossi
- Sección Movimientos Anormales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Argentine National Scientific and Technological Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Merello
- Sección Movimientos Anormales, Departamento de Neurociencias, Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Argentine National Scientific and Technological Research Council (CONICET), Argentina; Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Timothy Lynch
- Department of Neurology, The Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Diana A Olszewska
- Department of Neurology, The Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shen-Yang Lim
- Division of Neurology and the Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azlina Ahmad-Annuar
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ai Huey Tan
- Division of Neurology and the Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bashayer Al-Mubarak
- Behavioural Genetics Unit, Department of Genetics, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasmet Hanagasi
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Sibel Ertan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gençer Genç
- Department of Neurology, University of Health Sciences, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Patricia de Carvalho Aguiar
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Melinda Barkhuizen
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform, North-West University, Potchefstroom, North-West, South Africa
| | - Marcia M G Pimentel
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Bart van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Bressman
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mathias Toft
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Silke Appel-Cresswell
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anthony E Lang
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matej Skorvanek
- Department of Neurology, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia; Department of Neurology, University Hospital L. Pasteur, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Agnita J W Boon
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg; Parkinson Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Esther M Sammler
- Neurology Department, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom; MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Vitor Tumas
- Behavioral and Movement Disorders Section, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bao-Rong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaetan Garraux
- Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Liège, Liège, Belgium; MoVeRe Group, GIGA-CRC In Vivo Imaging, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sun Ju Chung
- Medical Genetic Center, Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun Joong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Neuherberg, Germany; Neurogenetics, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Klinikum rechts der Isar der TUM, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Duke NUS Medical School, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joana Damásio
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de Santo António - Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal; UnIGENe, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Péter Klivényi
- Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Vladimir S Kostic
- Department for Neurodegeneration, Clinic for Neurology CCS, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - David Arkadir
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah Medical Center and the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mika Martikainen
- Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Vanderci Borges
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jens Michael Hertz
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Laura Brighina
- Department of Neurology, Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca/San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Mariana Spitz
- Neurology Service, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Oksana Suchowersky
- Department of Medicine, Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Olaf Riess
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Parimal Das
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Brit Mollenhauer
- Movement Disorder Paracelsus-Elena-Klinik, Kassel, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Emilia M Gatto
- Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Instituto de Neurosciencias Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Skaalum Petersen
- Centre of Health Science, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands; Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health, The Faroese Hospital System, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ruey-Meei Wu
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Enza Maria Valente
- Neurogenetics Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Jan O Aasly
- Department of Neurology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anna Aasly
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Roy N Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Avner Thaler
- Movement Disorders, Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Matthew J Farrer
- Fixel Institute, Department of Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kathrin Brockmann
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden Wuerttemberg, Germany, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jean-Christophe Corvol
- Sorbonne University, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Paris, France
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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10
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Hautakangas H, Winsvold BS, Ruotsalainen SE, Bjornsdottir G, Harder AVE, Kogelman LJA, Thomas LF, Noordam R, Benner C, Gormley P, Artto V, Banasik K, Bjornsdottir A, Boomsma DI, Brumpton BM, Burgdorf KS, Buring JE, Chalmer MA, de Boer I, Dichgans M, Erikstrup C, Färkkilä M, Garbrielsen ME, Ghanbari M, Hagen K, Häppölä P, Hottenga JJ, Hrafnsdottir MG, Hveem K, Johnsen MB, Kähönen M, Kristoffersen ES, Kurth T, Lehtimäki T, Lighart L, Magnusson SH, Malik R, Pedersen OB, Pelzer N, Penninx BWJH, Ran C, Ridker PM, Rosendaal FR, Sigurdardottir GR, Skogholt AH, Sveinsson OA, Thorgeirsson TE, Ullum H, Vijfhuizen LS, Widén E, van Dijk KW, Aromaa A, Belin AC, Freilinger T, Ikram MA, Järvelin MR, Raitakari OT, Terwindt GM, Kallela M, Wessman M, Olesen J, Chasman DI, Nyholt DR, Stefánsson H, Stefansson K, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Hansen TF, Ripatti S, Zwart JA, Palotie A, Pirinen M. Genome-wide analysis of 102,084 migraine cases identifies 123 risk loci and subtype-specific risk alleles. Nat Genet 2022; 54:152-160. [PMID: 35115687 PMCID: PMC8837554 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00990-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Migraine affects over a billion individuals worldwide but its genetic underpinning remains largely unknown. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study of 102,084 migraine cases and 771,257 controls and identified 123 loci, of which 86 are previously unknown. These loci provide an opportunity to evaluate shared and distinct genetic components in the two main migraine subtypes: migraine with aura and migraine without aura. Stratification of the risk loci using 29,679 cases with subtype information indicated three risk variants that seem specific for migraine with aura (in HMOX2, CACNA1A and MPPED2), two that seem specific for migraine without aura (near SPINK2 and near FECH) and nine that increase susceptibility for migraine regardless of subtype. The new risk loci include genes encoding recent migraine-specific drug targets, namely calcitonin gene-related peptide (CALCA/CALCB) and serotonin 1F receptor (HTR1F). Overall, genomic annotations among migraine-associated variants were enriched in both vascular and central nervous system tissue/cell types, supporting unequivocally that neurovascular mechanisms underlie migraine pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Hautakangas
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bendik S Winsvold
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sanni E Ruotsalainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Aster V E Harder
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lisette J A Kogelman
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laurent F Thomas
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- BioCore - Bioinformatics Core Facility, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Benner
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Ville Artto
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Karina Banasik
- Novo Nordic Foundation Center for Protein Research, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ben M Brumpton
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Julie E Buring
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mona Ameri Chalmer
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Irene de Boer
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Erikstrup
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Markus Färkkilä
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maiken Elvestad Garbrielsen
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Knut Hagen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Clinical Research Unit Central Norway, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Paavo Häppölä
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Kristian Hveem
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marianne Bakke Johnsen
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Espen S Kristoffersen
- Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Tobias Kurth
- Institute of Public Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Lannie Lighart
- Netherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Rainer Malik
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ole Birger Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Nadine Pelzer
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- GGZ inGeest Specialized Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Anne Heidi Skogholt
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | | | - Henrik Ullum
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisanne S Vijfhuizen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Widén
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arpo Aromaa
- National Public Health Institute (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare - THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Tobias Freilinger
- Klinikum Passau, Department of Neurology, Passau, Germany
- Centre of Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Gisela M Terwindt
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mikko Kallela
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maija Wessman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jes Olesen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dale R Nyholt
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Folkmann Hansen
- Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordic Foundation Center for Protein Research, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - John-Anker Zwart
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research and Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matti Pirinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Carmine Belin
- Associate Professor, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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O'Connor E, Fourier C, Ran C, Sivakumar P, Liesecke F, Southgate L, Harder AVE, Vijfhuizen LS, Yip J, Giffin N, Silver N, Ahmed F, Hostettler IC, Davies B, Cader MZ, Simpson BS, Sullivan R, Efthymiou S, Adebimpe J, Quinn O, Campbell C, Cavalleri GL, Vikelis M, Kelderman T, Paemeleire K, Kilbride E, Grangeon L, Lagrata S, Danno D, Trembath R, Wood NW, Kockum I, Winsvold BS, Steinberg A, Sjöstrand C, Waldenlind E, Vandrovcova J, Houlden H, Matharu M, Belin AC. Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Risk Loci for Cluster Headache. Ann Neurol 2021; 90:193-202. [PMID: 34184781 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to identify susceptibility loci for cluster headache and obtain insights into relevant disease pathways. METHODS We carried out a genome-wide association study, where 852 UK and 591 Swedish cluster headache cases were compared with 5,614 and 1,134 controls, respectively. Following quality control and imputation, single variant association testing was conducted using a logistic mixed model for each cohort. The 2 cohorts were subsequently combined in a merged analysis. Downstream analyses, such as gene-set enrichment, functional variant annotation, prediction and pathway analyses, were performed. RESULTS Initial independent analysis identified 2 replicable cluster headache susceptibility loci on chromosome 2. A merged analysis identified an additional locus on chromosome 1 and confirmed a locus significant in the UK analysis on chromosome 6, which overlaps with a previously known migraine locus. The lead single nucleotide polymorphisms were rs113658130 (p = 1.92 × 10-17 , odds ratio [OR] = 1.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.37-1.66) and rs4519530 (p = 6.98 × 10-17 , OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.34-1.61) on chromosome 2, rs12121134 on chromosome 1 (p = 1.66 × 10-8 , OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.22-1.52), and rs11153082 (p = 1.85 × 10-8 , OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.19-1.42) on chromosome 6. Downstream analyses implicated immunological processes in the pathogenesis of cluster headache. INTERPRETATION We identified and replicated several genome-wide significant associations supporting a genetic predisposition in cluster headache in a genome-wide association study involving 1,443 cases. Replication in larger independent cohorts combined with comprehensive phenotyping, in relation to, for example, treatment response and cluster headache subtypes, could provide unprecedented insights into genotype-phenotype correlations and the pathophysiological pathways underlying cluster headache. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:193-202.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emer O'Connor
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,Neurogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,Headache and Facial Pain Group, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Carmen Fourier
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Prasanth Sivakumar
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Laura Southgate
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.,Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Aster V E Harder
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lisanne S Vijfhuizen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Janice Yip
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nicola Giffin
- Neurology Department, Royal United Hospital, Bath, UK
| | | | - Fayyaz Ahmed
- Department of Neurology, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, UK
| | - Isabel C Hostettler
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Brendan Davies
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital North Midlands National Health Service Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - M Zameel Cader
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin S Simpson
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Roisin Sullivan
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephanie Efthymiou
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joycee Adebimpe
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Olivia Quinn
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ciaran Campbell
- Science Foundation Ireland FutureNeuro Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons, Ireland School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gianpiero L Cavalleri
- Science Foundation Ireland FutureNeuro Research Centre, Royal College of Surgeons, Ireland School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Tim Kelderman
- Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Koen Paemeleire
- Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Lou Grangeon
- Headache and Facial Pain Group, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.,Department of Neurology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Susie Lagrata
- Headache and Facial Pain Group, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Daisuke Danno
- Headache and Facial Pain Group, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Richard Trembath
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas W Wood
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,Neurogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ingrid Kockum
- Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bendik S Winsvold
- Department of Research, Innovation, and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anna Steinberg
- Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Sjöstrand
- Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jana Vandrovcova
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Manjit Matharu
- Headache and Facial Pain Group, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
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13
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Abstract
Background Cluster headache is a severe primary headache disorder commonly featuring a strikingly distinct circadian attack pattern. Therefore, the circadian system has been suggested to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of cluster headache. Cryptochromes are key components of the molecular clock generating circadian rhythms and have previously been shown to be associated with several psychiatric disorders, including seasonal affective disorder, bipolar disorder, and depression. Methods In this case-control study, we investigated the role of cryptochrome (CRY) genes in cluster headache by screening 628 cluster headache patients and 681 controls from Sweden for four known genetic variants in the CRY1 (rs2287161 and rs8192440) and CRY2 (rs10838524 and rs1554338) genes. In addition, we analyzed CRY1 gene expression in primary fibroblast cell lines from eleven patients and ten controls. Results The exonic CRY1 variant rs8192440 was associated with cluster headache on allelic level (p=0.02) and this association was even more pronounced in a subgroup of patients with reported diurnal rhythmicity of attacks (p=0.002). We found a small significant difference in CRY1 gene expression between cluster headache patients and control individuals (p=0.04), but we could not identify an effect of the associated variant rs8192440 on CRY1 expression. Conclusions We discovered a disease-associated variant in the CRY1 gene and slightly increased CRY1 gene expression in tissue from cluster headache patients, strengthening the hypothesis of circadian dysregulation in cluster headache. How this gene variant may contribute to the pathophysiology of the disease remains subject to further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Fourier
- Department of Neuroscience, 27106Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, 27106Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Sjöstrand
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, 27106Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, 59562Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, 27106Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, 59562Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Steinberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, 27106Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, 59562Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrea Carmine Belin
- Department of Neuroscience, 27106Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Michalska JM, Ran C, Fourier C, Steinberg A, Sjöstrand C, Waldenlind E, Belin AC. Involvement of CGRP receptor RAMP1 in cluster headache: A Swedish case-control study. Cephalalgia Reports 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/2515816319879886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Increased levels of the potent vasodilator calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) have been found in ipsilateral jugular vein blood during the active phase of cluster headache (CH) and this is hypothesized to cause distinctive vasodilation. The receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) is part of the CGRP receptor complex responsible for ligand binding and specificity and therefore constitutes a promising candidate gene for CH. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible genetic association of RAMP1 with CH in Sweden, with focus on two RAMP1 single nucleotide polymorphisms, rs3754701 and rs7590387, and quantify RAMP1 mRNA expression levels in biological tissue from CH patients and controls. Methods: rs3754701 and rs7590387 were genotyped by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in 542 CH patients and 585 control subjects. RAMP1 mRNA expression was determined by reverse transcription qPCR in tissue from 12 CH patients and 12 controls. Results: We identified a significant difference between the CH patient and control groups for rs3754701 ( p = 0.0088). In addition, RAMP1 mRNA expression was enhanced in primary fibroblasts from CH patients compared to controls ( p = 0.0073). Conclusion: The association between rs3754701 and CH and the enhanced RAMP1 mRNA expression in CH patients support the hypothesis that CGRP and its receptor component RAMP1 are involved in CH pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Michalska
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carmen Fourier
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Steinberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Sjöstrand
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Puschmann A, Jiménez-Ferrer I, Lundblad-Andersson E, Mårtensson E, Hansson O, Odin P, Widner H, Brolin K, Mzezewa R, Kristensen J, Soller M, Rödström EY, Ross OA, Toft M, Breedveld GJ, Bonifati V, Brodin L, Zettergren A, Sydow O, Linder J, Wirdefeldt K, Svenningsson P, Nissbrandt H, Belin AC, Forsgren L, Swanberg M. Low prevalence of known pathogenic mutations in dominant PD genes: A Swedish multicenter study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2019; 66:158-165. [PMID: 31422003 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of mutations known to cause autosomal dominant Parkinson disease (PD) in a series with more than 10% of Sweden's estimated number of PD patients. METHODS The Swedish Parkinson Disease Genetics Network was formed as a national multicenter consortium of clinical researchers who together have access to DNA from a total of 2,206 PD patients; 85.4% were from population-based studies. Samples were analyzed centrally for known pathogenic mutations in SNCA (duplications/triplications, p.Ala30Pro, p.Ala53Thr) and LRRK2 (p.Asn1437His, p.Arg1441His, p.Tyr1699Cys, p.Gly2019Ser, p.Ile2020Thr). We compared the frequency of these mutations in Swedish patients with published PD series and the gnomAD database. RESULTS A family history of PD in first- and/or second-degree relatives was reported by 21.6% of participants. Twelve patients (0.54%) carried LRRK2 p.(Gly2019Ser) mutations, one patient (0.045%) an SNCA duplication. The frequency of LRRK2 p.(Gly2019Ser) carriers was 0.11% in a matched Swedish control cohort and a similar 0.098% in total gnomAD, but there was a marked difference between ethnicities in gnomAD, with 42-fold higher frequency among Ashkenazi Jews than all others combined. CONCLUSIONS In relative terms, the LRRK2 p.(Gly2019Ser) variant is the most frequent mutation among Swedish or international PD patients, and in gnomAD. SNCA duplications were the second most common of the mutations examined. In absolute terms, however, these known pathogenic variants in dominant PD genes are generally very rare and can only explain a minute fraction of familial aggregation of PD. Additional genetic and environmental mechanisms may explain the frequent co-occurrence of PD in close relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Puschmann
- Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Lund, Sweden.
| | | | - Elin Lundblad-Andersson
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Office for Medical Services, Region Skåne, Sweden
| | - Emma Mårtensson
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Office for Medical Services, Region Skåne, Sweden
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden; Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Per Odin
- Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Lund, Sweden
| | - Håkan Widner
- Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kajsa Brolin
- Lund University, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ropafadzo Mzezewa
- Lund University, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Office for Medical Services, Region Skåne, Sweden
| | - Maria Soller
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Office for Medical Services, Region Skåne, Sweden
| | - Emil Ygland Rödström
- Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Lund, Sweden
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Mathias Toft
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guido J Breedveld
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Clinical Genetics, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Bonifati
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Clinical Genetics, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lovisa Brodin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Zettergren
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Olof Sydow
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Linder
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Karin Wirdefeldt
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Nissbrandt
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Lars Forsgren
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria Swanberg
- Lund University, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
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16
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Ran C, Fourier C, Arafa D, Liesecke F, Sjöstrand C, Waldenlind E, Steinberg A, Belin AC. Anoctamin 3: A Possible Link between Cluster Headache and Ca 2+ Signaling. Brain Sci 2019; 9:E184. [PMID: 31366133 PMCID: PMC6721385 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9080184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster headache is a severe primary headache characterized by extremely painful attacks of unilateral headache. Verapamil is commonly used as a prophylactic treatment with good effect. In order to search for new pathways involved in the pathophysiology of cluster headache, we analyzed genetic variants that were previously linked to verapamil response in migraine in a Swedish cluster headache case-control sample. We used TaqMan qPCR for genetic screening and performed a gene expression analysis on associated genes in patient-derived fibroblasts, and further investigated which reference genes were suitable for analysis in fibroblasts from cluster headache patients. We discovered a significant association between anoctamin 3, a gene encoding a calcium-activated ion channel, and cluster headache. The association was not dependent on verapamil treatment since the associated variant, rs1531394, was also overrepresented in patients not using verapamil. No difference was found in the anoctamin 3 gene expression between controls and patients. Also, we determined that TBP, IPO8 and PDHB were suitable reference genes in cluster headache fibroblasts. This finding is the first report of an association between a variant in a gene encoding an ion-channel and cluster headache, and the first significant genetic evidence of calcium involvement in cluster headache pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum D7, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Carmen Fourier
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum D7, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Donia Arafa
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum D7, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Franziska Liesecke
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum D7, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Sjöstrand
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Steinberg
- Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Eugeniavägen 3, 171 76 Solna, Sweden
| | - Andrea Carmine Belin
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum D7, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the HCRTR2 gene variants rs3122156, rs2653342, and rs2653349 in a large homogenous Swedish case‐control cohort in order to further evaluate the possible contribution of HCRTR2 to cluster headache. Background Cluster headache is a severe neurovascular disorder and the pathophysiology is not yet fully understood. Due to striking circadian and circannual patterns of this disease, the hypothalamus has been a research focus in cluster headache. Several studies with many different cohorts from Europe have investigated the hypocretin receptor 2 (HCRTR2) gene, which is expressed in the hypothalamus. In particular, one HCRTR2 single nucleotide polymorphism, rs2653349, has been subject to a number of genetic association studies on cluster headache, with conflicting results. Two other HCRTR2 gene variants, rs2653342 and rs2653349, have been reported to be linked to cluster headache in an Italian study. Methods We genotyped a total of 517 patients diagnosed with cluster headache and 581 controls, representing a general Swedish population, for rs3122156, rs2653342, and rs2653349 using quantitative real‐time PCR. Statistical analyses of genotype, allele, and haplotype frequencies for the 3 gene variants were performed comparing patients and controls. Results For rs3122156, the minor allele frequency in patients was 25.9% compared to 29.9% in controls (P = .0421). However, this significance did not hold after correction for multiple testing. The minor allele frequencies for rs2653342 (14.7% vs 14.7%) and rs2653349 (19.5% vs 18.8%) were similar for patients and controls. Furthermore, we found one haplotype that was significantly less common in patients than controls (P = .0264). This haplotype included the minor allele for rs3122156 and the major alleles for rs2653342 and rs2653349. Significance did not hold after applying a permutation test. Conclusions Our data show a trend for association between cluster headache and the HCRTR2 polymorphism rs3122156, where the minor allele seems to be a protective factor. However, the other 2 HCRTR2 gene variants, including the previously reported rs2653349, were not associated with cluster headache in our Swedish material. A comparison with previous studies points to variance in genotype and allele frequencies among the different populations, which most likely contributes to the opposing results regarding rs2653349. Although the results from this study do not strongly support an association, HCRTR2 remains an interesting candidate gene for involvement in the pathophysiology of cluster headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Fourier
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Steinberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Sjöstrand
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Ran C, Fourier C, Zinnegger M, Steinberg A, Sjöstrand C, Waldenlind E, Belin AC. Implications for the migraine SNP rs1835740 in a Swedish cluster headache population. J Headache Pain 2018; 19:100. [PMID: 30382894 PMCID: PMC6755538 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-018-0937-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cluster headache is a severe headache disorder with unknown aetiology. The pathophysiology and symptoms present certain common features with migraine. Specifically, activation of the trigeminal vascular system seems to be involved in both disorders, which is hypothesized to result in neurogenic inflammation and vasodilation of the cerebral vessels. In addition, genetic factors have been implicated in both migraine and cluster headache. OBJECTIVE In order to determine whether or not migraine and cluster headache share genetic risk factors, we screened two genetic variants known to increase the risk of migraine in Sweden in a Swedish cluster headache case-control study population. METHODS In all, 541 patients and 581 control subjects were genotyped for rs1835740 in close proximity to MTDH (metadherin) and rs2651899 in the PRDM16 (PR/SET domain 16) gene, using TaqMan® real-time PCR and pyrosequencing. In addition, we analyzed MTDH gene expression in a subset of the material, using reverse transcription real-time PCR to determine relative mRNA levels in primary fibroblast cell lines from patients and controls. RESULTS We found a trend for association between rs1835740, which is reported to affect MTDH mRNA levels, and cluster headache in our Swedish case-control material (p = 0.043, Χ2 = 4.102). This association was stronger in a subgroup of patients suffering from both cluster headache and migraine (p = 0.031, Χ2 = 6.964). We could further confirm that rs1835740 has an effect on the transcriptional activity of MTDH. In this Swedish cluster headache cohort we did not find an association with the rs2651899 variant. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that rs1835740 is a potential risk factor for cluster headache in Sweden. Our data indicates that rs1835740 and MTDH might be involved in neurovascular headaches in general whilst rs2651899 is specifically related to migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum D7, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carmen Fourier
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum D7, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margret Zinnegger
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum D7, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Steinberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Sjöstrand
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrea Carmine Belin
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum D7, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Gormley P, Kurki MI, Hiekkala ME, Veerapen K, Häppölä P, Mitchell AA, Lal D, Palta P, Surakka I, Kaunisto MA, Hämäläinen E, Vepsäläinen S, Havanka H, Harno H, Ilmavirta M, Nissilä M, Säkö E, Sumelahti ML, Liukkonen J, Sillanpää M, Metsähonkala L, Koskinen S, Lehtimäki T, Raitakari O, Männikkö M, Ran C, Belin AC, Jousilahti P, Anttila V, Salomaa V, Artto V, Färkkilä M, Runz H, Daly MJ, Neale BM, Ripatti S, Kallela M, Wessman M, Palotie A. Common Variant Burden Contributes to the Familial Aggregation of Migraine in 1,589 Families. Neuron 2018; 98:743-753.e4. [PMID: 29731251 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Complex traits, including migraine, often aggregate in families, but the underlying genetic architecture behind this is not well understood. The aggregation could be explained by rare, penetrant variants that segregate according to Mendelian inheritance or by the sufficient polygenic accumulation of common variants, each with an individually small effect, or a combination of the two hypotheses. In 8,319 individuals across 1,589 migraine families, we calculated migraine polygenic risk scores (PRS) and found a significantly higher common variant burden in familial cases (n = 5,317, OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.71-1.81, p = 1.7 × 10-109) compared to population cases from the FINRISK cohort (n = 1,101, OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.25-1.38, p = 7.2 × 10-17). The PRS explained 1.6% of the phenotypic variance in the population cases and 3.5% in the familial cases (including 2.9% for migraine without aura, 5.5% for migraine with typical aura, and 8.2% for hemiplegic migraine). The results demonstrate a significant contribution of common polygenic variation to the familial aggregation of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padhraig Gormley
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mitja I Kurki
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Kumar Veerapen
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Paavo Häppölä
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Dennis Lal
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Priit Palta
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ida Surakka
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mari Anneli Kaunisto
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eija Hämäläinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Salli Vepsäläinen
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannele Havanka
- Regional State Administrative Agency for Northern Finland, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hanna Harno
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Matti Ilmavirta
- Department of Neurology, Central Hospital Central Finland, Jyväskylä
| | | | | | | | | | - Matti Sillanpää
- Departments of Child Neurology and General Practice, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Liisa Metsähonkala
- Epilepsy Unit for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seppo Koskinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Minna Männikkö
- Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Verneri Anttila
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ville Artto
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Färkkilä
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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- 23andMe, Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - Heiko Runz
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck and Co., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Mark J Daly
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Benjamin M Neale
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Samuli Ripatti
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Kallela
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maija Wessman
- Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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20
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Fardell C, Zettergren A, Ran C, Carmine Belin A, Ekman A, Sydow O, Bäckman L, Holmberg B, Dizdar N, Söderkvist P, Nissbrandt H. S100B polymorphisms are associated with age of onset of Parkinson's disease. BMC Med Genet 2018. [PMID: 29529989 PMCID: PMC5848451 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0547-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background In this study we investigated the association between SNPs in the S100B gene and Parkinson’s disease (PD) in two independent Swedish cohorts. The SNP rs9722 has previously been shown to be associated with higher S100B concentrations in serum and frontal cortex in humans. S100B is widely expressed in the central nervous system and has many functions such as regulating calcium homeostasis, inflammatory processes, cytoskeleton assembly/disassembly, protein phosphorylation and degradation, and cell proliferation and differentiation. Several of these functions have been suggested to be of importance for the pathophysiology of PD. Methods The SNPs rs9722, rs2239574, rs881827, rs9984765, and rs1051169 of the S100B gene were genotyped using the KASPar® PCR SNP genotyping system in a case-control study of two populations (431 PD patients and 465 controls, 195 PD patients and 378 controls, respectively). The association between the genotype and allelic distributions and PD risk was evaluated using Chi-Square and Cox proportional hazards test, as well as logistic regression. Linear regression and Cox proportional hazards tests were applied to assess the effect of the rs9722 genotypes on age of disease onset. Results The S100B SNPs tested were not associated with the risk of PD. However, in both cohorts, the T allele of rs9722 was significantly more common in early onset PD patients compared to late onset PD patients. The SNP rs9722 was significantly related to age of onset, and each T allele lowered disease onset with 4.9 years. In addition, allelic variants of rs881827, rs9984765, and rs1051169, were significantly more common in early-onset PD compared to late-onset PD in the pooled population. Conclusions rs9722, a functional SNP in the 3’-UTR of the S100B gene, was strongly associated with age of onset of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Fardell
- Department of Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 431, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Anna Zettergren
- Department of Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 431, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Agneta Ekman
- Department of Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 431, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Olof Sydow
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Bäckman
- Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Holmberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nil Dizdar
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Söderkvist
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hans Nissbrandt
- Department of Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 431, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Quintela T, Albuquerque T, Lundkvist G, Carmine Belin A, Talhada D, Gonçalves I, Carro E, Santos CR. The choroid plexus harbors a circadian oscillator modulated by estrogens. Chronobiol Int 2017; 35:270-279. [DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2017.1400978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Telma Quintela
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Tânia Albuquerque
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | | | | | - Daniela Talhada
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Isabel Gonçalves
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Eva Carro
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Instituto de Investigacion Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecília R.A. Santos
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
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Steinberg A, Fourier C, Ran C, Waldenlind E, Sjöstrand C, Belin AC. Cluster headache - clinical pattern and a new severity scale in a Swedish cohort. Cephalalgia 2017; 38:1286-1295. [PMID: 28906127 DOI: 10.1177/0333102417731773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate clinical features of a cluster headache cohort in Sweden and to construct and test a new scale for grading severity. Methods Subjects were identified by screening medical records for the ICD 10 code G44.0, that is, cluster headache. Five hundred participating research subjects filled in a questionnaire including personal, demographic and medical aspects. We constructed a novel scale for grading cluster headache in this cohort: The Cluster Headache Severity Scale, which included number of attacks per day, attack and period duration. The lowest total score was three and the highest 12, and we used the Cluster Headache Severity Scale to grade subjects suffering from cluster headache. We further implemented the scale by defining a cluster headache maximum severity subgroup with a high Cluster Headache Severity Scale score ≥ 9. Results A majority (66.7%) of the patients reported that attacks appear at certain time intervals. In addition, cluster headache patients who were current tobacco users or had a history of tobacco consumption had a later age of disease onset (31.7 years) compared to non-tobacco users (28.5 years). The Cluster Headache Severity Scale score was higher in the patient group reporting sporadic or no alcohol intake than in the groups reporting an alcohol consumption of three to four standard units per week or more. Maximum severity cluster headache patients were characterised by higher age at disease onset, greater use of prophylactic medication, reduced hours of sleep, and lower alcohol consumption compared to the non-cluster headache maximum severity group. Conclusion There was a wide variation of severity grade among cluster headache patients, with a very marked impact on daily living for the most profoundly affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Steinberg
- 1 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carmen Fourier
- 2 Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Ran
- 2 Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- 1 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Sjöstrand
- 1 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ran C, Fourier C, Michalska JM, Steinberg A, Sjöstrand C, Waldenlind E, Belin AC. Screening of genetic variants in ADCYAP1R1, MME and 14q21 in a Swedish cluster headache cohort. J Headache Pain 2017; 18:88. [PMID: 28831700 PMCID: PMC5567453 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-017-0798-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We have genotyped a Swedish cluster headache case-control population for three genetic variants representing the most significant markers identified in a recently published genome wide association study on cluster headache. The genetic variants were two common polymorphisms; rs12668955 in ADCYAP1R1 (adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1 receptor type 1), rs1006417, an intergenic variant on chromosome 14q21 and one rare mutation, rs147564881, in MME (membrane metalloendopeptidase). Results We screened 542 cluster headache patients and 581 controls using TaqMan real-time PCR on a 7500 fast cycler, and pyrosequencing on a PSQ 96 System. Statistical analysis for genotype and allele association showed that neither of the two common variants, rs12668955 and rs1006417 were associated with cluster headache. The MME mutation was investigated with pyrosequencing in patients, of whom all were wild type. Conclusion In conclusion rs12668955 and rs1006417 do not impact the risk of developing cluster headache in the Swedish population. Also, rs147564881 does not seem to be enriched within the Swedish cluster headache patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Carmen Fourier
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julia M Michalska
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Steinberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Sjöstrand
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Fourier C, Ran C, Zinnegger M, Johansson AS, Sjöstrand C, Waldenlind E, Steinberg A, Belin AC. A genetic CLOCK variant associated with cluster headache causing increased mRNA levels. Cephalalgia 2017; 38:496-502. [PMID: 28466652 DOI: 10.1177/0333102417698709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Cluster headache is characterized by recurrent unilateral headache attacks of severe intensity. One of the main features in a majority of patients is a striking rhythmicity of attacks. The CLOCK ( Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput) gene encodes a transcription factor that serves as a basic driving force for circadian rhythm in humans and is therefore particularly interesting as a candidate gene for cluster headache. Methods We performed an association study on a large Swedish cluster headache case-control sample (449 patients and 677 controls) screening for three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CLOCK gene implicated in diurnal preference (rs1801260) or sleep duration (rs11932595 and rs12649507), respectively. We further wanted to investigate the effect of identified associated SNPs on CLOCK gene expression. Results We found a significant association with rs12649507 and cluster headache ( p = 0.0069) and this data was strengthened when stratifying for reported diurnal rhythmicity of attacks ( p = 0.0009). We investigated the effect of rs12649507 on CLOCK gene expression in human primary fibroblast cultures and identified a significant increase in CLOCK mRNA expression ( p = 0.0232). Conclusions Our results strengthen the hypothesis of the involvement of circadian rhythm in cluster headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Fourier
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Ran
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margret Zinnegger
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Christina Sjöstrand
- 2 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- 2 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Steinberg
- 2 Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ran C, Mehdi RN, Fardell C, Xiang F, Nissbrandt H, Sydow O, Wirdefeldt K, Belin AC. No Association Between rs7077361 in ITGA8 and Parkinson's Disease in Sweden. Open Neurol J 2016; 10:25-9. [PMID: 27583043 PMCID: PMC4994103 DOI: 10.2174/1874205x01610010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Integrin alpha 8 (ITGA8) encodes the alpha 8 subunit of the integrin alpha8beta1 protein and has recently been suggested as a new candidate gene for Parkinson’s disease, an age related neurodegenerative disease with unknown etiology. ITGA8 is a transmembrane protein involved in several cellular processes, such as cell adhesion, migration and cytoskeletal rearrangement. Objective: Screen a Swedish case control material for rs7077361, a genetic variant in ITGA8, in order to investigate its possible implication in Parkinson’s disease in Sweden. Method: Rs7077361 was genotyped using TaqMan quantitative Real-time PCR and tested for association using appropriate statistical methods. Results: We have screened 502 Swedish Parkinson patients and 599 healthy control individuals for rs7077361 in ITGA8. This genetic variant was in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium in the Swedish population. Allele and genotype frequencies were highly similar between the patients and controls and statistical testing showed that this genetic maker did not associate with Parkinson’s disease (p=0.67). Conclusion: Our results do not support the hypothesis of ITGA8 as a candidate gene for Parkinson’s disease in Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Camilla Fardell
- Department of Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fengqing Xiang
- Department of Women´s and Children´s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Nissbrandt
- Department of Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Olof Sydow
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Wirdefeldt
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Aguilar-Roblero R, Quinto D, Báez-Ruíz A, Chávez JL, Belin AC, Díaz-Muñoz M, Michel S, Lundkvist G. Ryanodine-sensitive intracellular Ca 2+ channels are involved in the output from the SCN circadian clock. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 44:2504-2514. [PMID: 27529310 PMCID: PMC5053303 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) contain the major circadian clock responsible for generation of circadian rhythms in mammals. The time measured by the molecular circadian clock must eventually be translated into a neuronal firing rate pattern to transmit a meaningful signal to other tissues and organs in the animal. Previous observations suggest that circadian modulation of ryanodine receptors (RyR) is a key element of the output pathway from the molecular circadian clock. To directly test this hypothesis, we studied the effects of RyR activation and inhibition on real time expression of PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE, intracellular calcium levels and spontaneous firing frequency in mouse SCN neurons. Furthermore, we determined whether the RyR-2 mRNA is expressed with a daily variation in SCN neurons. We provide evidence that pharmacological manipulation of RyR in mice SCN neurons alters the free [Ca2+ ]i in the cytoplasm and the spontaneous firing without affecting the molecular clock mechanism. Our data also show a daily variation in RyR-2 mRNA from single mouse SCN neurons with highest levels during the day. Together, these results confirm the hypothesis that RyR-2 is a key element of the circadian clock output from SCN neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Aguilar-Roblero
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, Mexico City D.F, 04510, México.
| | - Daniel Quinto
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, Mexico City D.F, 04510, México
| | - Adrian Báez-Ruíz
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla Querétaro, México
| | - José Luis Chávez
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, Mexico City D.F, 04510, México
| | | | - Mauricio Díaz-Muñoz
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla Querétaro, México
| | - Stephan Michel
- Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Ran C, Brodin L, Forsgren L, Westerlund M, Ramezani M, Gellhaar S, Xiang F, Fardell C, Nissbrandt H, Söderkvist P, Puschmann A, Ygland E, Olson L, Willows T, Johansson A, Sydow O, Wirdefeldt K, Galter D, Svenningsson P, Belin AC. Strong association between glucocerebrosidase mutations and Parkinson's disease in Sweden. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 45:212.e5-212.e11. [PMID: 27255555 PMCID: PMC4982543 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Several genetic studies have demonstrated an association between mutations in glucocerebrosidase (GBA), originally implicated in Gaucher's disease, and an increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). We have investigated the possible involvement of genetic GBA variations in PD in the Swedish population. Three GBA variants, E326K, N370S, and L444P were screened in the largest Swedish Parkinson cohort reported to date; 1625 cases and 2025 control individuals. We found a significant association with high effect size of the rare variant L444P with PD (odds ratio 8.17; 95% confidence interval: 2.51-26.23; p-value = 0.0020) and a significant association of the common variant E326K (odds ratio 1.60; 95% confidence interval: 1.16-2.22; p-value = 0.026). The rare variant N370S showed a trend for association. Most L444P carriers (68%) were found to reside in northern Sweden, which is consistent with a higher prevalence of Gaucher's disease in this part of the country. Our findings support the role of GBA mutations as risk factors for PD and point to lysosomal dysfunction as a mechanism contributing to PD etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Lovisa Brodin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Forsgren
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marie Westerlund
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Sandra Gellhaar
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Fengqing Xiang
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Camilla Fardell
- Department of Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hans Nissbrandt
- Department of Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Söderkvist
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Division of Cell Biology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Andreas Puschmann
- Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Emil Ygland
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lars Olson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Thomas Willows
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Johansson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olof Sydow
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Wirdefeldt
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dagmar Galter
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Fourier C, Ran C, Steinberg A, Sjöstrand C, Waldenlind E, Carmine Belin A. Screening of Two ADH4 Variations in a Swedish Cluster Headache Case-Control Material. Headache 2016; 56:835-840. [PMID: 27041676 PMCID: PMC5071723 DOI: 10.1111/head.12807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Cluster headache (CH) is a severe neurovascular disorder and an increasing amount of evidence points to a genetic contribution to this disease. When CH was first described, it was observed that alcohol may precipitate an attack during the active phase of the disease. The alcohol dehydrogenase 4 (ADH4) gene encodes an enzyme which contributes to the metabolization of alcohol and is, therefore, an interesting candidate gene for CH. Two Italian groups have reported association of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1126671 located in the ADH4 gene with an increased risk of CH in Italy. In addition, one of the groups found an association between the ADH4 SNP rs1800759 and CH. Objective To perform a replication study on the ADH4 SNPs rs1126671 and rs1800759 in a large homogeneous Swedish case–control cohort in order to further investigate the possible contribution of ADH4 to CH. Methods A total of 390 unrelated patients diagnosed with CH and 389 controls representing a general Swedish population were recruited to the study. DNA samples from patients and controls were genotyped for the two ADH4 SNPs rs1126671 and rs1800759 using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analyses of genotype, allele and haplotype frequencies for the two SNPs were performed and compared between patients and controls. Results For rs1126671, the minor allele frequency (A allele) was 32.8% (n = 254) in controls compared with 31.9% (n = 249) in CH patients. The minor allele frequency (A allele) of rs1800759 was 42.3% (n = 324) in controls and 41.9% (n = 327) in CH patients. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in allele as well as in genotype or haplotype frequencies between the patient and control group for either SNP. This was also seen after stratifying the patient group for experiencing alcohol as a trigger factor. Conclusions The data did not support an association of the ADH4 SNPs rs1126671 and rs1800759 with CH. A comparison with previous studies revealed variance in genotype, allele, and haplotype frequencies among the different populations which might contribute to the contradictory results. Although a significant association with CH in Swedish case–control group was not found, ADH4 as a candidate gene for CH could not be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Fourier
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Ran
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Steinberg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Sjöstrand
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Waldenlind
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ran C, Willows T, Sydow O, Johansson A, Söderkvist P, Dizdar N, Ahmadi A, Olson L, Belin AC. The HLA-DRA variation rs3129882 is not associated with Parkinson's disease in Sweden. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2013; 19:701-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Karlsson R, Graae L, Lekman M, Wang D, Favis R, Axelsson T, Galter D, Belin AC, Paddock S. MAGI1 copy number variation in bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2012; 71:922-30. [PMID: 22381734 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are devastating psychiatric disorders that each affect about 1% of the population worldwide. Identification of new drug targets is an important step toward better treatment of these poorly understood diseases. METHODS Genome-wide copy number variation (CNV) was assessed and variants were ranked by co-occurrence with disease in 48 BPAD families. Additional support for involvement of the highest-ranking CNV from the family-based analysis in psychiatric disease was obtained through analysis of 4084 samples with BPAD, SZ, or schizoaffective disorder. Finally, a pooled analysis of in-house and published datasets was carried out including 10,925 cases with BPAD, SZ, or schizoaffective disorder and 16,747 controls. RESULTS In the family-based analysis, an approximately 200 kilobase (kb) deletion in the first intron of the MAGI1 gene was identified that segregated with BPAD in a pedigree (six out of six affected individuals; parametric logarithm of the odds score = 1.14). In the pooled analysis, seven additional insertions or deletions over 100 kb were identified in MAGI1 in cases, while only two such CNV events were identified in the same gene in controls (p = .023; Fisher's exact test). Because earlier work had identified a CNV in the close relative MAGI2 in SZ, the study was extended to include MAGI2. In the pooled analysis of MAGI2, two large deletions were found in cases, and two duplications were detected in controls. CONCLUSIONS Results presented herein provide further evidence for a role of MAGI1 and MAGI2 in BPAD and SZ etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Karlsson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Anvret A, Ran C, Westerlund M, Sydow O, Willows T, Olson L, Galter D, Belin AC. Genetic Screening of the Mitochondrial Rho GTPases MIRO1 and MIRO2 in Parkinson's Disease. Open Neurol J 2012; 6:1-5. [PMID: 22496713 PMCID: PMC3322431 DOI: 10.2174/1874205x01206010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MIRO1 and MIRO2 (mitochondrial Ras homolog gene family, member T1 and T2) also referred to as RHOT1 and RHOT2, belong to the mitochondrial Rho GTPase family and are involved in axonal transport of mitochondria in neurons. Because mitochondrial dysfunction is strongly implicated in Parkinson’s disease (PD), MIRO1 and MIRO2 can be considered as new candidate genes for PD. We analyzed two non-synonymous polymorphisms and one synonymous polymorphism in MIRO1 and two non-synonymous polymorphisms in MIRO2, in a Swedish Parkinson case-control material consisting of 241 patients and 307 neurologically healthy controls. None of the analyzed polymorphisms in MIRO1 and MIRO2 were significantly associated with PD. Although we did not find a significant association with PD in our Swedish case-control material, we cannot exclude these Rho GTPases as candidate genes for PD or other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Anvret
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Anvret A, Blackinton JG, Westerlund M, Ran C, Sydow O, Willows T, Håkansson A, Nissbrandt H, Belin AC. DJ-1 Mutations are Rare in a Swedish Parkinson Cohort. Open Neurol J 2011; 5:8-11. [PMID: 21532868 PMCID: PMC3083820 DOI: 10.2174/1874205x01105010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the PARK7 gene, DJ-1, have been reported to cause early-onset and familial Parkinson’s disease (PD). The function of DJ-1 and how it contributes to the development of the disease is not clear today, but several studies report that DJ-1 is responsive to oxidative stress and important for the maintenance of mitochondria. We have screened three coding regions of DJ-1 (exon 2, 5 and 7) in a Swedish Parkinson cohort. The Swedish PD material consisted of 67 patients with a self reported positive family history of PD and 77 patients with early-onset of disease (≤50 years old). We detected two patients with the previously reported synonymous mutation, Ala167Ala (c.501A>G, rs71653621), in exon 7. No Ala167Ala carriers were identified among 213 neurologically healthy Swedish controls. Mechanisms by which the synonymous Ala167Ala mutation can have consequences are unknown. It may affect the mRNA stability, secondary structure of mRNA, synthesis, turnover, protein folding and function. We could show a 1.3% decrease in DJ-1 mRNA folding energy in the A<G substituted sequence compared to the wild type sequence in silico, suggesting a possible small effect of Ala167Ala on DJ-1 gene function. This is the first report on an identified DJ-1 mutation in Swedish PD patients. Our results, in combination with those of previous studies, strengthen the hypothesis that alterations in DJ-1 are not a common cause of familial and early-onset PD world-wide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Anvret
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Westerlund M, Behbahani H, Gellhaar S, Forsell C, Belin AC, Anvret A, Zettergren A, Nissbrandt H, Lind C, Sydow O, Graff C, Olson L, Ankarcrona M, Galter D. Altered enzymatic activity and allele frequency of OMI/HTRA2 in Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J 2010; 25:1345-52. [PMID: 21163861 DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-163402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The serine-protease OMI/HTRA2, required for several cellular processes, including mitochondrial function, autophagy, chaperone activity, and apoptosis, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Western blot quantification of OMI/HTRA2 in frontal cortex of patients with AD (n=10) and control subjects (n=10) in two separate materials indicated reduced processed (active, 35 kDa) OMI/HTRA2 levels, whereas unprocessed (50 kDa) enzyme levels were not significantly different between the groups. Interestingly, the specific protease activity of OMI/HTRA2 was found to be significantly increased in patients with AD (n=10) compared to matched control subjects (n=10) in frontal cortex in two separate materials. Comparison of OMI/HTRA2 mRNA levels in frontal cortex and hippocampus, two brain areas particularly affected by AD, indicated similar levels in patients with AD (n=10) and matched control subjects (n=10). In addition, we analyzed the occurrence of the OMI/HTRA2 variants A141S and G399S in Swedish case-control materials for AD and PD and found a weak association of A141S with AD, but not with PD. In conclusion, our genetic, histological, and biochemical findings give further support to an involvement of OMI/HTRA2 in the pathology of AD; however, further studies are needed to clarify the role of this gene in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Westerlund
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Belin AC, Westerlund M, Anvret A, Lindqvist E, Pernold K, Ogren SO, Duester G, Galter D. Modeling Parkinson's disease genetics: altered function of the dopamine system in Adh4 knockout mice. Behav Brain Res 2010; 217:439-45. [PMID: 21075145 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 11/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Class IV alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH4) efficiently reduces aldehydes produced during lipid peroxidation, and may thus serve to protect from toxic effects of aldehydes e.g. on neurons. We hypothesized that ADH4 dysfunction may increase risk for Parkinson's disease (PD) and previously reported association of an ADH4 allele with PD. We found that a promoter polymorphism in this allele induced a 25-30% reduction of transcriptional activity. Based on these findings, we have now investigated whether Adh4 homo- (Adh4-/-) or heterozygous (Adh4+/-) knockout mice display any dopamine system-related changes in behavior, biochemical parameters or olfaction compared to wild-type mice. The spontaneous locomotor activity was found to be similar in the three groups, whereas administration of d-amphetamine or apomorphine induced a significant increase in horizontal activity in the Adh4-/- mice compared to wild-type mice. We measured levels of monoamines and their metabolites in striatum, frontal cortex and substantia nigra and found increased levels of dopamine and DOPAC in substantia nigra of Adh4-/- mice. Investigation of olfactory function revealed a reduced sense of smell in Adh4-/- mice accompanied by alterations in dopamine metabolite levels in the olfactory bulb. Taken together, our results suggest that lack of Adh4 gene activity induces changes in the function of the dopamine system, findings which are compatible with a role of loss-of-function mutations in ADH4 as possible risk factors for PD.
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Anvret A, Westerlund M, Sydow O, Willows T, Lind C, Galter D, Belin AC. Variations of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in DNA polymerase γ (POLG1) is associated with Parkinson's disease in Sweden. Neurosci Lett 2010; 485:117-20. [PMID: 20826197 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2010] [Revised: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 08/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
DNA polymerase gamma (POLG1) is coding for the catalytic subunit of the heterotrimeric mitochondrial DNA polymerase and involved in replication and repair of mitochondrial DNA. In addition to its 5' to 3' polymerase activity, POLG1 has a 3' to 5' exonuclease activity important in the repair process. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's disease (PD). Dopamine neurons, which degenerate in PD, are believed to be particularly susceptible to mitochondrial dysfunction, which makes POLG1 a possible candidate gene for the disease. POLG1 has a polyglutamine tract (poly-Q) in the N-terminal, encoded by a CAG sequence in exon 2. Most commonly the poly-Q tract comprises 10 repeats (10Q, frequency >80%) or moderately common 11Q (frequency 6-12%); however the composition of poly-Q alleles has been reported to vary from 6Q to 14Q. We analyzed this POLG1 trinucleotide repeat in a Swedish PD case-control material and detected variations from 5Q to 15Q. We report a significant association between the non-10/11Q repeats with PD (p=0.002). In silico analysis of poly-Q length effect on mRNA folding energy show a decrease in energy for <10/11Q mRNA (4.6%) and an increase for >10/11Q mRNA (4.8%) compared to 10/11Q mRNA. Our results strengthen the evidence for involvement of POLG1 and mitochondrial dysfunction in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Anvret
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Anvret A, Ran C, Westerlund M, Thelander AC, Sydow O, Lind C, Håkansson A, Nissbrandt H, Galter D, Belin AC. Possible involvement of a mitochondrial translation initiation factor 3 variant causing decreased mRNA levels in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsons Dis 2010; 2010:491751. [PMID: 20976088 PMCID: PMC2957232 DOI: 10.4061/2010/491751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Genes important for mitochondrial function have been implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). Mitochondrial translation initiation factor 3 (MTIF3) is a nuclear encoded protein required for the initiation of complex formation on mitochondrial ribosomes. Dysfunction of MTIF3 may impair mitochondrial function and dopamine neurons appear to be particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress, which may relate to their degeneration in PD. An association was recently reported between the synonymous rs7669(C>T) in MTIF3 and PD in a German case-control material. We investigated rs7669 in a Swedish Parkinson case-control material. The study revealed no significant association of the individual genotypes or alleles with PD. When comparing the combined TT/CT-genotypes versus the CC-genotype, we observed a significant association (P = .0473) with PD. We also demonstrated that the TT-genotype causes a significant decrease in MTIF3 mRNA expression compared to the CC-genotype (P = .0163). Our findings support the hypothesis that MTIF3 may be involved in the etiology of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Anvret
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Westerlund M, Belin AC, Anvret A, Håkansson A, Nissbrandt H, Lind C, Sydow O, Olson L, Galter D. Association of a polymorphism in the ABCB1 gene with Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009; 15:422-4. [PMID: 19196542 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2008.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2008] [Revised: 11/17/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B, member 1 (ABCB1) gene encoding the protein P-glycoprotein (P-gp) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) due to its role in regulating transport of endogenous molecules and exogenous toxins. In the present study, we analyzed the ABCB1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) 1236C/T (exon 12), 2677G/T/A (exon 21) and 3435C/T (exon 26) in 288 Swedish PD patients and 313 control subjects and found a significant association of SNP 1236C/T with disease (p=0.0159; chi(2)=8.28), whereas the distributions of wild-type and mutated alleles were similar for 2677G/T/A and 3435C/T in patients and controls. Haplotype analysis revealed significant association of the 1236C-2677G haplotype with PD (p=0.026; chi(2)=4.955) and a trend towards association with disease of the 1236C-2677G-3435C haplotype (p=0.072; chi(2)=3.229). Altered ABCB1 and/or P-pg expression was recently shown in PD patients, and impaired drug efflux across barriers such as the gastrointestinal and nasal mucosal linings or the blood-brain barrier, might result in accumulation of drugs and/or endogenous molecules in toxic amounts, possibly contributing to disease. ABCB1 polymorphisms thus constitute an example of how genetic predisposition and environmental influences may combine to increase risk of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Westerlund
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Bergman O, Håkansson A, Westberg L, Belin AC, Sydow O, Olson L, Holmberg B, Fratiglioni L, Bäckman L, Eriksson E, Nissbrandt H. Do polymorphisms in transcription factors LMX1A and LMX1B influence the risk for Parkinson's disease? J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2009; 116:333-8. [PMID: 19189040 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-009-0187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2008] [Accepted: 01/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The key symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are caused by degeneration of dopamine neurons originating in substantia nigra. Whereas, transcription factor LMX1A is crucial for the differentiation of mesencephalic dopamine neurons, LMX1B appears to be important for both the development and the survival of these cells. The aim of this study was to investigate if genetic variation in LMX1A and LMX1B differs between patients with PD (n = 357) and control subjects (n = 1428) by genotyping 33 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LMX1A and 11 SNPs in LMX1B. Three SNPs in LMX1A and one in LMX1B were associated with PD. After splitting for gender, six SNPs were associated with PD in women and four in men. The significances obtained did not survive correction for multiple testing, and our results should hence be interpreted with caution, but are partly in line with a previous report, and should thus be of sufficient interest to encourage further studies of these genes in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olle Bergman
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, P.O.B. 431, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Håkansson A, Belin AC, Stiller C, Sydow O, Johnels B, Olson L, Holmberg B, Nissbrandt H. Investigation of genes related to familial forms of Parkinson's disease – With focus on the Parkin gene. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2008; 14:520-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2007.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2007] [Revised: 10/04/2007] [Accepted: 10/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Westerlund M, Belin AC, Anvret A, Håkansson A, Nissbrandt H, Lind C, Sydow O, Olson L, Galter D. Cerebellar alpha-synuclein levels are decreased in Parkinson's disease and do not correlate with SNCA polymorphisms associated with disease in a Swedish material. FASEB J 2008; 22:3509-14. [PMID: 18606870 DOI: 10.1096/fj.08-110148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of brain and plasma alpha-synuclein levels and SNCA gene variability have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). We therefore measured alpha-synuclein protein levels in postmortem PD and control cerebellum tissue using Western blot and investigated whether the levels correlated to SNCA genotype. We found markedly decreased alpha-synuclein levels in PD patients (n=16) compared to gender- and age-matched controls (n=14; P=0.004) normalized to alpha-tubulin. We also performed an association study of the noncoding polymorphisms rs2737029 (A/G) and rs356204 (A/G) (intron 4), and of rs356219 (T/C) (3'-region) of SNCA in a Swedish PD case-control material. Using a two-sided chi(2) test, we found significant association of rs2737029 (P=0.003; chi(2)=9.07) and rs356204 (P=0.048; chi(2)=3.91) with disease, strengthening the involvement of SNCA polymorphisms in sporadic PD. Stratification of the human postmortem brain material by genotype of the three investigated polymorphisms, did not indicate any influence of genotype on alpha-synuclein protein levels when comparing PD with controls. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the investigated Parkinson patients have markedly reduced levels of alpha-synuclein in cerebellum, and that this reduction is general, rather then correlated to the investigated polymorphisms, although two of the polymorphisms also associated with disease in a Swedish material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Westerlund
- Department of Neuroscience, Retzius väg 8, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Håkansson A, Bergman O, Chrapkowska C, Westberg L, Belin AC, Sydow O, Johnels B, Olson L, Holmberg B, Nissbrandt H. Cyclooxygenase-2 polymorphisms in Parkinson's disease. Am J Med Genet 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bergman O, Håkansson A, Westberg L, Nordenström K, Carmine Belin A, Sydow O, Olson L, Holmberg B, Eriksson E, Nissbrandt H. PITX3 polymorphism is associated with early onset Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2008; 31:114-7. [PMID: 18420308 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2007] [Revised: 01/31/2008] [Accepted: 03/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PITX3 is a transcription factor of importance for the differentiation and survival of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, the gene of which is disrupted in a putative mouse model for Parkinson's disease (PD). The A-allele of a HapMap tagging SNP (rs4919621) that was genotyped in a population of 361 PD patients, 69 of which had early onset, and in 333 controls, was significantly more common in PD patients with an early age of onset when compared either to controls (p=0.002) or to PD patients with late onset (p=0.001). In contrast, a previous finding suggesting a SNP (rs3758549) in the putative promoter region of the PITX3 gene to be associated with PD could not be replicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olle Bergman
- Department of Pharmacology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 431, S 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
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Westerlund M, Belin AC, Anvret A, Bickford P, Olson L, Galter D. Developmental regulation of leucine-rich repeat kinase 1 and 2 expression in the brain and other rodent and human organs: Implications for Parkinson's disease. Neuroscience 2008; 152:429-36. [PMID: 18272292 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2007] [Revised: 10/08/2007] [Accepted: 01/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) constitute the most common known cause of Parkinson's disease (PD), accounting for both familial and sporadic forms of the disease. We analyzed the tempo-spatial activity of leucine-rich repeat kinase 1 (LRRK1) and LRRK2 at the cellular level in human and rat tissues including development and aging. Lrrk2 mRNA is expressed in adult rat striatum, hippocampus, cerebral cortex, sensory and sympathetic ganglia, lung, spleen and kidney. In the developing rat striatum, Lrrk2 transcription is first observed at postnatal day (P) 8 followed by increasing mRNA levels during the following 3 weeks, as revealed by quantitative in situ hybridization, after which levels remain up to 24 months of age. The time-course of postnatal development of Lrrk2 activity in striatum thus closely mirrors the postnatal development of the dopamine innervation of striatum. Lrrk2 mRNA is seen in P1 rat lung, heart, and kidney, whereas Lrrk1 is found in many areas of the P1 rat. Lrrk1 is present in adult rat brain, adrenal gland, liver, lung, spleen and kidney and also in embryonic brain, with declining gene activity after birth. LRRK1 and LRRK2 are active in the adult human cortex cerebri, hippocampus and LRRK2, but not LRRK1, in striatum. Transcription of both genes is also seen in the young human thymus and LRRK2 is active in tubular parts of the adult human kidney. Our findings suggest that the two paralogous genes have partly complementary expression patterns in the brain, as well as in certain peripheral organs including lymphatic tissues. While the strong presence of Lrrk2 message in striatum is intriguing in relation to PD, the many other neuronal and non-neuronal sites of Lrrk2 activity also needs to be taken into account in deciphering possible pathogenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Westerlund
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Carmine Belin A, Westerlund M, Bergman O, Nissbrandt H, Lind C, Sydow O, Galter D. S18Y in ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) associated with decreased risk of Parkinson's disease in Sweden. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2007; 13:295-8. [PMID: 17287139 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2006.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2006] [Revised: 11/22/2006] [Accepted: 12/04/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) is a neuron-specific enzyme that removes ubiquitin from the C-terminal end of substrates and a component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. A protective effect of a UCH-L1 variant, S18Y, was suggested since the common variant was found to be inversely associated with sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). We investigated the association of S18Y in our Swedish PD material. The tyrosine variant was significantly inversely associated with PD (P=0.049) and with a low age of onset (50 years) (P=0.017) in the case-control material, supporting the hypothesis of a protective function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Carmine Belin
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8 B2:4, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Belin AC, Björk BF, Westerlund M, Galter D, Sydow O, Lind C, Pernold K, Rosvall L, Håkansson A, Winblad B, Nissbrandt H, Graff C, Olson L. Association study of two genetic variants in mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 2007; 420:257-62. [PMID: 17537576 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2007] [Revised: 05/02/2007] [Accepted: 05/03/2007] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial (mt) dysfunction has been implicated in Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is needed for mtDNA maintenance, regulating mtDNA copy number and is absolutely required for transcriptional initiation at mtDNA promoters. Two genetic variants in TFAM have been reported to be associated with AD in a Caucasian case-control material collected from Germany, Switzerland and Italy. One of these variants was reported to show a tendency for association with AD in a pooled Scottish and Swedish case-control material and the other variant was reported to be associated with AD in a recent meta-analysis. We investigated these two genetic variants, rs1937 and rs2306604, in an AD and a PD case-control material, both from Sweden and found significant genotypic as well as allelic association to marker rs2306604 in the AD case-control material (P=0.05 and P=0.03, respectively), where the A-allele appears to increase risk for developing AD. No association was observed for marker rs1937. We did not find any association in the PD case-control material for either of the two markers. The distribution of the two-locus haplotype frequencies (based on rs1937 and rs2306604) did not differ significantly between affected individuals and controls in the two sample sets. However, the global P-value for haplotypic association testing indicated borderline association in the AD sample set. Our data suggests that the rs2306604 A-allele could be a moderate risk factor for AD, which is supported by the recent meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Carmine Belin
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Galter D, Westerlund M, Belin AC, Olson L. DJ-1 and UCH-L1 gene activity patterns in the brains of controls, Parkinson and schizophrenia patients and in rodents. Physiol Behav 2007; 92:46-53. [PMID: 17599367 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
DJ-1 (PARK7) has been implicated in early onset and familial cases of Parkinson's disease (PD). We therefore mapped cellular activity patterns of the DJ-1 gene in human and rodent brain tissue with radioactive in-situ hybridization. In all three mammals mRNA expression was restricted mainly to neurons in all regions analyzed. White matter, such as crus cerebri and capsula interna appeared negative, suggesting that glial cells express DJ-1 at levels below the detection limit of our method. We compared DJ-1 mRNA expression to the neuronal marker UCH-L1, which has also been implicated in PD, and found lower levels for DJ-1 but very similar patterns of expression. Measurement of the signal intensity revealed that human frontal cortex of control cases expressed DJ-1 mRNA more abundantly than other regions such as substantia nigra in the midbrain. Comparing DJ-1 expression in dopamine neurons on hemi-sections from controls and patients we could not detect any difference between 14 controls, 8 idiopathic Parkinson and 5 schizophrenia cases. Of note, DJ-1 is expressed in several other tissues such as the liver, gastrointestinal tract, adrenal and pituitary gland and during embryonic development, while UCH-L1 has a strictly neuronal expression also outside the CNS. We conclude that DJ-1 and UCH-L1, like other genes linked to PD, are not expressed specifically in DA neurons, but instead generally in neurons. The abundant expression of DJ-1 in certain peripheral tissues and of UCH-L1 in peripheral neurons may also be of relevance for the spectrum of symptoms in different forms of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Galter
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neuroscience, Retzius väg 8 B2:4, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Håkansson A, Bergman O, Chrapkowska C, Westberg L, Belin AC, Sydow O, Johnels B, Olson L, Holmberg B, Nissbrandt H. Cyclooxygenase-2 polymorphisms in Parkinson's disease. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2007; 144B:367-9. [PMID: 17171651 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicate that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is of pathophysiological importance for the neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). For example, in a large epidemiological study, use of NSAIDs was associated with a lower risk of PD. Genetic variants of the COX-2 gene might therefore influence the risk of developing the disease. The genotype distribution of four common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the COX-2 gene (rs689466:A496G, rs20417:G926C, rs5277:G3050C, rs5275:C8473T) was analyzed in PD patients and control subjects in a Swedish population. No differences could be seen between the PD-patient and controls regarding the A496G, G926C, and G3050C SNPs, but the allele frequency of the C8473T SNP was found to differ when male patients were compared to controls (P = 0.007). In females no difference could be seen between PD-patients and controls. In conclusion, the results suggest a possible influence of the COX-2 C8473T SNP in PD, although it only seems to be of importance in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Håkansson
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Westerlund M, Belin AC, Felder MR, Olson L, Galter D. High and complementary expression patterns of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases in the gastrointestinal tract: implications for Parkinson's disease. FEBS J 2007; 274:1212-23. [PMID: 17257171 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05665.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a heterogeneous movement disorder characterized by progressive degeneration of dopamine neurons in substantia nigra. We have previously presented genetic evidence for the possible involvement of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases (ADH; ALDH) by identifying genetic variants in ADH1C and ADH4 that associate with PD. The absence of the corresponding mRNA species in the brain led us to the hypothesis that one cause of PD could be defects in the defense systems against toxic aldehydes in the gastrointestinal tract. We investigated cellular expression of Adh1, Adh3, Adh4 and Aldh1 mRNA along the rodent GI tract. Using oligonucleotide in situ hybridization probes, we were able to resolve the specific distribution patterns of closely related members of the ADH family. In both mice and rats, Adh4 is transcribed in the epithelium of tongue, esophagus and stomach, whereas Adh1 was active from stomach to rectum in mice, and in duodenum, colon and rectum in rats. Adh1 and Adh4 mRNAs were present in the mouse gastric mucosa in nonoverlapping patterns, with Adh1 in the gastric glands and Adh4 in the gastric pits. Aldh1 was found in epithelial cells from tongue to jejunum in rats and from esophagus to colon in mice. Adh3 hybridization revealed low mRNA levels in all tissues investigated. The distribution and known physiological functions of the investigated ADHs and Aldh1 are compatible with a role in a defense system, protecting against alcohols, aldehydes and formaldehydes as well as being involved in retinoid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Westerlund
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Elbaz A, Nelson LM, Payami H, Ioannidis JPA, Fiske BK, Annesi G, Carmine Belin A, Factor SA, Ferrarese C, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Higgins DS, Kawakami H, Krüger R, Marder KS, Mayeux RP, Mellick GD, Nutt JG, Ritz B, Samii A, Tanner CM, Van Broeckhoven C, Van Den Eeden SK, Wirdefeldt K, Zabetian CP, Dehem M, Montimurro JS, Southwick A, Myers RM, Trikalinos TA. Lack of replication of thirteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms implicated in Parkinson's disease: a large-scale international study. Lancet Neurol 2006; 5:917-23. [PMID: 17052658 PMCID: PMC3636768 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(06)70579-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A genome-wide association study identified 13 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with Parkinson's disease. Small-scale replication studies were largely non-confirmatory, but a meta-analysis that included data from the original study could not exclude all SNP associations, leaving relevance of several markers uncertain. METHODS Investigators from three Michael J Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research-funded genetics consortia-comprising 14 teams-contributed DNA samples from 5526 patients with Parkinson's disease and 6682 controls, which were genotyped for the 13 SNPs. Most (88%) participants were of white, non-Hispanic descent. We assessed log-additive genetic effects using fixed and random effects models stratified by team and ethnic origin, and tested for heterogeneity across strata. A meta-analysis was undertaken that incorporated data from the original genome-wide study as well as subsequent replication studies. FINDINGS In fixed and random-effects models no associations with any of the 13 SNPs were identified (odds ratios 0.89 to 1.09). Heterogeneity between studies and between ethnic groups was low for all SNPs. Subgroup analyses by age at study entry, ethnic origin, sex, and family history did not show any consistent associations. In our meta-analysis, no SNP showed significant association (summary odds ratios 0.95 to 1.08); there was little heterogeneity except for SNP rs7520966. INTERPRETATION Our results do not lend support to the finding that the 13 SNPs reported in the original genome-wide association study are genetic susceptibility factors for Parkinson's disease.
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