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Huang Z, Zeng L, Cheng B, Li D. Overview of class I HDAC modulators: Inhibitors and degraders. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116696. [PMID: 39094429 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) are closely associated with the development of a diverse array of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, HIV, and inflammatory diseases. Considering the essential roles in tumorigenesis, class I HDACs have emerged as highly desirable targets for therapeutic strategies, particularly in the field of anticancer drug development. However, the conventional class I HDAC inhibitors faced several challenges such as acquired resistance, inherent toxicities, and limited efficacy in inhibiting non-enzymatic functions of HDAC. To address these problems, novel strategies have emerged, including the development of class I HDAC dual-acting inhibitors, targeted protein degradation (TPD) technologies such as PROTACs, molecular glues, and HyT degraders, as well as covalent inhibitors. This review provides a comprehensive overview of class I HDAC enzymes and inhibitors, by initially introducing their structure and biological roles. Subsequently, we focus on the recent advancements of class I HDAC modulators, including isoform-selective class I inhibitors, dual-target inhibitors, TPDs, and covalent inhibitors, from the perspectives of rational design principles, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and clinical progress. Finally, we also provide the challenges and outlines future prospects in the realm of class I HDAC-targeted drug discovery for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Limei Zeng
- College of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 314000, China
| | - Binbin Cheng
- School of Medicine, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China.
| | - Deping Li
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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2
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Man K, Brunet MY, Lees R, Peacock B, Cox SC. Epigenetic Reprogramming via Synergistic Hypomethylation and Hypoxia Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles for Bone Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087564. [PMID: 37108726 PMCID: PMC10142722 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising cell population for regenerative medicine applications, where paracrine signalling through the extracellular vesicles (EVs) regulates bone tissue homeostasis and development. MSCs are known to reside in low oxygen tension, which promotes osteogenic differentiation via hypoxia-inducible factor-1α activation. Epigenetic reprogramming has emerged as a promising bioengineering strategy to enhance MSC differentiation. Particularly, the process of hypomethylation may enhance osteogenesis through gene activation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of inducing hypomethylation and hypoxia on improving the therapeutic efficacy of EVs derived from human bone marrow MSCs (hBMSCs). The effects of the hypoxia mimetic agent deferoxamine (DFO) and the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-azacytidine (AZT) on hBMSC viability was assessed by quantifying the DNA content. The epigenetic functionality was evaluated by assessing histone acetylation and histone methylation. hBMSC mineralisation was determined by quantifying alkaline phosphate activity, collagen production and calcium deposition. EVs were procured from AZT, DFO or AZT/DFO-treated hBMSCs over a two-week period, with EV size and concentration defined using transmission electron microscopy, nanoflow cytometry and dynamic light scattering. The effects of AZT-EVs, DFO-EVs or AZT/DFO-EVs on the epigenetic functionality and mineralisation of hBMSCs were evaluated. Moreover, the effects of hBMSC-EVs on human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) angiogenesis was assessed by quantifying pro-angiogenic cytokine release. DFO and AZT caused a time-dose dependent reduction in hBMSC viability. Pre-treatment with AZT, DFO or AZT/DFO augmented the epigenetic functionality of the MSCs through increases in histone acetylation and hypomethylation. AZT, DFO and AZT/DFO pre-treatment significantly enhanced extracellular matrix collagen production and mineralisation in hBMSCs. EVs derived from AZT/DFO-preconditioned hBMSCs (AZT/DFO-EVs) enhanced the hBMSC proliferation, histone acetylation and hypomethylation when compared to EVs derived from AZT-treated, DFO-treated and untreated hBMSCs. Importantly, AZT/DFO-EVs significantly increased osteogenic differentiation and mineralisation of a secondary hBMSC population. Furthermore, AZT/DFO-EVs enhanced the pro-angiogenic cytokine release of HUVECs. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the considerable utility of synergistically inducing hypomethylation and hypoxia to improve the therapeutic efficacy of the MSC-EVs as a cell-free approach for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Man
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mathieu Y Brunet
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | | | | | - Sophie C Cox
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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3
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GelMA Hydrogel Reinforced with 3D Printed PEGT/PBT Scaffolds for Supporting Epigenetically-Activated Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells for Bone Repair. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13020041. [PMID: 35466223 PMCID: PMC9036254 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic approaches using the histone deacetylase 2 and 3 inhibitor-MI192 have been reported to accelerate stem cells to form mineralised tissues. Gelatine methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels provide a favourable microenvironment to facilitate cell delivery and support tissue formation. However, their application for bone repair is limited due to their low mechanical strength. This study aimed to investigate a GelMA hydrogel reinforced with a 3D printed scaffold to support MI192-induced human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) for bone formation. Cell culture: The GelMA (5 wt%) hydrogel supported the proliferation of MI192-pre-treated hBMSCs. MI192-pre-treated hBMSCs within the GelMA in osteogenic culture significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity (p ≤ 0.001) compared to control. Histology: The MI192-pre-treated group enhanced osteoblast-related extracellular matrix deposition and mineralisation (p ≤ 0.001) compared to control. Mechanical testing: GelMA hydrogels reinforced with 3D printed poly(ethylene glycol)-terephthalate/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEGT/PBT) scaffolds exhibited a 1000-fold increase in the compressive modulus compared to the GelMA alone. MI192-pre-treated hBMSCs within the GelMA–PEGT/PBT constructs significantly enhanced extracellular matrix collagen production and mineralisation compared to control (p ≤ 0.001). These findings demonstrate that the GelMA–PEGT/PBT construct provides enhanced mechanical strength and facilitates the delivery of epigenetically-activated MSCs for bone augmentation strategies.
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Man K, Joukhdar H, Manz XD, Brunet MY, Jiang LH, Rnjak-Kovacina J, Yang XB. Bone tissue engineering using 3D silk scaffolds and human dental pulp stromal cells epigenetic reprogrammed with the selective histone deacetylase inhibitor MI192. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 388:565-581. [PMID: 35362831 PMCID: PMC9110470 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03613-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics plays a critical role in regulating mesenchymal stem cells’ (MSCs) fate for tissue repair and regeneration. There is increasing evidence that the inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) isoform 3 can enhance MSC osteogenesis. This study investigated the potential of using a selective HDAC2 and 3 inhibitor, MI192, to promote human dental pulp stromal cells (hDPSCs) bone-like tissue formation in vitro and in vivo within porous Bombyx Mori silk scaffolds. Both 2 and 5 wt% silk scaffolds were fabricated and characterised. The 5 wt% scaffolds possess thicker internal lamellae, reduced scaffold swelling and degradation rates, whilst increased compressive modulus in comparison to the 2 wt% silk scaffold. MI192 pre-treatment of hDPSCs on 5 wt% silk scaffold significantly enhanced hDPSCs alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP). The expression of osteoblast-related genes (RUNX2, ALP, Col1a, OCN) was significantly upregulated in the MI192 pre-treated cells. Histological analysis confirmed that the MI192 pre-treated hDPSCs-silk scaffold constructs promoted bone extracellular matrix (ALP, Col1a, OCN) deposition and mineralisation compared to the untreated group. Following 6 weeks of subcutaneous implantation in nude mice, the MI192 pre-treated hDPSCs-silk scaffold constructs enhanced the vascularisation and extracellular matrix mineralisation compared to untreated control. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate the potential of using epigenetic reprogramming and silk scaffolds to promote hDPSCs bone formation efficacy, which provides evidence for clinical translation of this technology for bone augmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Man
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Group, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, WTBB, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, LS97TF, UK.,School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Habib Joukhdar
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Xue D Manz
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mathieu Y Brunet
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lin-Hua Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Xuebin B Yang
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Group, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, WTBB, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, LS97TF, UK.
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5
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Kelava I, Chiaradia I, Pellegrini L, Kalinka AT, Lancaster MA. Androgens increase excitatory neurogenic potential in human brain organoids. Nature 2022; 602:112-116. [PMID: 35046577 PMCID: PMC7612328 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04330-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The biological basis of male-female brain differences has been difficult to elucidate in humans. The most notable morphological difference is size, with male individuals having on average a larger brain than female individuals1,2, but a mechanistic understanding of how this difference arises remains unknown. Here we use brain organoids3 to show that although sex chromosomal complement has no observable effect on neurogenesis, sex steroids-namely androgens-lead to increased proliferation of cortical progenitors and an increased neurogenic pool. Transcriptomic analysis and functional studies demonstrate downstream effects on histone deacetylase activity and the mTOR pathway. Finally, we show that androgens specifically increase the neurogenic output of excitatory neuronal progenitors, whereas inhibitory neuronal progenitors are not increased. These findings reveal a role for androgens in regulating the number of excitatory neurons and represent a step towards understanding the origin of sex-related brain differences in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Kelava
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
| | - Ilaria Chiaradia
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura Pellegrini
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alex T Kalinka
- Milner Therapeutics Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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6
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Man K, Mekhileri NV, Lim KS, Jiang LH, Woodfield TBF, Yang XB. MI192 induced epigenetic reprogramming enhances the therapeutic efficacy of human bone marrows stromal cells for bone regeneration. Bone 2021; 153:116138. [PMID: 34339909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) have been extensively utilised for bone tissue engineering applications. However, they are associated with limitations that hinder their clinical utility for bone regeneration. Cell fate can be modulated via altering their epigenetic functionality. Inhibiting histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes have been reported to promote osteogenic differentiation, with HDAC3 activity shown to be causatively associated with osteogenesis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential of using an HDAC2 & 3 selective inhibitor - MI192 to induce epigenetic reprogramming of hBMSCs and enhance its therapeutic efficacy for bone formation. Treatment with MI192 caused a time-dose dependant reduction in hBMSCs viability. MI192 was also found to substantially alter hBMSCs epigenetic function through reduced HDAC activity and increased histone acetylation. hBMSCs were pre-treated with MI192 (50 μM) for 48 h prior to osteogenic induction. MI192 pre-treatment significantly upregulated osteoblast-related gene/protein expression (Runx2, ALP, Col1a and OCN) and enhanced alkaline phosphatase specific activity (ALPSA) (1.43-fold) (P ≤ 0.001). Moreover, MI192 substantially increased hBMSCs extracellular matrix calcium deposition (1.4-fold) (P ≤ 0.001) and mineralisation when compared to the untreated control. In 3D microtissue culture, MI192 significantly promoted hBMSCs osteoblast-related gene expression and ALPSA (> 2.41-fold) (P ≤ 0.001). Importantly, MI192 substantially enhanced extracellular matrix deposition (ALP, Col1a, OCN) and mineralisation (1.67-fold) (P ≤ 0.001) within the bioassembled-microtissue (BMT) construct. Following 8-week intraperitoneal implantation within nude mice, MI192 treated hBMSCs exhibited enhanced extracellular matrix deposition and mineralisation (2.39-fold) (P ≤ 0.001) within the BMT when compared to the untreated BMT construct. Taken together, these results demonstrate that MI192 effectively altered hBMSCs epigenetic functionality and is capable of promoting hBMSCs osteogenic differentiation in vitro and in vivo, indicating the potential of using epigenetic reprogramming to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of hBMSCs for bone augmentation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Man
- Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Group, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Naveen V Mekhileri
- CReaTE Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Khoon S Lim
- CReaTE Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Lin-Hua Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Tim B F Woodfield
- CReaTE Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Xuebin B Yang
- Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Group, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
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Adhikari N, Jha T, Ghosh B. Dissecting Histone Deacetylase 3 in Multiple Disease Conditions: Selective Inhibition as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy. J Med Chem 2021; 64:8827-8869. [PMID: 34161101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The acetylation of histone and non-histone proteins has been implicated in several disease states. Modulation of such epigenetic modifications has therefore made histone deacetylases (HDACs) important drug targets. HDAC3, among various class I HDACs, has been signified as a potentially validated target in multiple diseases, namely, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disorders, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, parasitic infections, and HIV. However, only a handful of HDAC3-selective inhibitors have been reported in spite of continuous efforts in design and development of HDAC3-selective inhibitors. In this Perspective, the roles of HDAC3 in various diseases as well as numerous potent and HDAC3-selective inhibitors have been discussed in detail. It will surely open up a new vista in the discovery of newer, more effective, and more selective HDAC3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjan Adhikari
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box 17020, Kolkata, 700032 West Bengal, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box 17020, Kolkata, 700032 West Bengal, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
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Routholla G, Pulya S, Patel T, Abdul Amin S, Adhikari N, Biswas S, Jha T, Ghosh B. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking analysis of novel linker-less benzamide based potent and selective HDAC3 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105050. [PMID: 34120025 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel linker-less benzamides with different aryl and heteroaryl cap groups have been designed, synthesized, and screened as potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors with promising anticancer activity. Two lead compounds 5e and 5f were found as potent and highly selective HDAC3 inhibitors over other Class-I HDACs and HDAC6. Compound 5e bearing a 6-quinolinyl moiety as the cap group was found to be a highly potent HDAC3 inhibitor (IC50 = 560 nM) and displayed 46-fold selectivity for HDAC3 over HDAC2, and 33-fold selectivity for HDAC3 over HDAC1. The synthesized compounds possess antiproliferative activities against different cancer cell lines and significantly less cytotoxic to normal cells. Molecular Docking studies of compounds 5e and 5f reveal a similar binding mode of interactions as CI994 at the HDAC3 active site. These observations agreed with the in vitro HDAC3 inhibitory activities. Significant enhancement of the endogenous acetylation level on H3K9 and H4K12 was found when B16F10 cells were treated with compounds 5e and 5f in a dose-dependent manner. The compounds induced apoptotic cell death in Annexin-V/FITC-PI assay and caused cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase of cell cycle in B16F10 cells. These compounds may serve as potential HDAC3 inhibitory anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Routholla
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Sravani Pulya
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Tarun Patel
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Sk Abdul Amin
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, P. O. Box 17020, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Nilanjan Adhikari
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, P. O. Box 17020, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Swati Biswas
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, P. O. Box 17020, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad 500078, India.
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The Selective Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor MI192 Enhances the Osteogenic Differentiation Efficacy of Human Dental Pulp Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105224. [PMID: 34069280 PMCID: PMC8156347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of human dental pulp stromal cells (hDPSCs) has gained increasing attention as an alternative stem cell source for bone tissue engineering. The modification of the cells' epigenetics has been found to play an important role in regulating differentiation, with the inhibition of histone deacetylases 3 (HDAC3) being linked to increased osteogenic differentiation. This study aimed to induce epigenetic reprogramming using the HDAC2 and 3 selective inhibitor, MI192 to promote hDPSCs osteogenic capacity for bone regeneration. MI192 treatment caused a time-dose-dependent change in hDPSC morphology and reduction in viability. Additionally, MI192 successfully augmented hDPSC epigenetic functionality, which resulted in increased histone acetylation and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. MI192 pre-treatment exhibited a dose-dependent effect on hDPSCs alkaline phosphatase activity. Quantitative PCR and In-Cell Western further demonstrated that MI192 pre-treatment significantly upregulated hDPSCs osteoblast-related gene and protein expression (alkaline phosphatase, bone morphogenic protein 2, type I collagen and osteocalcin) during osteogenic differentiation. Importantly, MI192 pre-treatment significantly increased hDPSCs extracellular matrix collagen production and mineralisation. As such, for the first time, our findings show that epigenetic reprogramming with the HDAC2 and 3 selective inhibitor MI192 accelerates the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs, demonstrating the considerable utility of this MSCs engineering approach for bone augmentation strategies.
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Bonsack F, Sukumari-Ramesh S. Entinostat improves acute neurological outcomes and attenuates hematoma volume after Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Brain Res 2020; 1752:147222. [PMID: 33358731 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) or hemorrhagic stroke is a major public health problem with no effective treatment. Given the emerging role of epigenetic mechanisms in the pathophysiology of ICH, we tested the hypothesis that a class 1 histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), Entinostat, attenuates neurodegeneration and improves neurobehavioral outcomes after ICH. To address this, we employed a preclinical mouse model of ICH and Entinostat was administered intraperitoneally one-hour post induction of ICH. Entinostat treatment significantly reduced the number of degenerating neurons and TUNEL-positive cells after ICH in comparison to vehicle-treated controls. Moreover, Entinostat treatment significantly reduced hematoma volume, T2-weighted hemorrhagic lesion volume and improved acute neurological outcomes after ICH. Further, Entinostat significantly reduced the hemin-induced release of proinflammatory cytokines in vitro. Consistently, the expression of proinflammatory microglial/macrophage marker, CD16/32, was remarkably reduced in Entinostat treated group after ICH in comparison to control. Altogether, data implicates the potential of class 1 HDACi, Entinostat, in improving acute neurological function after ICH warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Bonsack
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Sangeetha Sukumari-Ramesh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States.
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Alshawli AS, Wurdak H, Wood IC, Ladbury JE. Histone deacetylase inhibitors induce medulloblastoma cell death independent of HDACs recruited in REST repression complexes. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1429. [PMID: 32720471 PMCID: PMC7549561 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor (REST) acts as a transcriptional repressor by recruiting several chromatin modifiers, including histone deacetylase (HDAC). Elevated REST expression in medulloblastoma has been associated with tumor progression nevertheless, the tumor shows high sensitivity to HDAC inhibitors (HDACi). However, the functional implications of REST and its requirement for HDACi-induced anti-cancer effects are not well understood. METHODS In this study, the expression of REST was evaluated across the medulloblastoma subgroups and subtypes using published gene expression data. Further, the expression of REST was modulated using the CRISPR/Cas9 knockout and shRNA knockdown in the Daoy medulloblastoma cell line. RESULTS The results of this study showed that the expression of REST is elevated in most medulloblastoma subgroups compared to the non-cancerous cerebellum. Blocking of REST expression resulted in increasing the expression of REST-regulated genes, a moderate decrease in the fraction of the cells in the S-phase, and reducing the cells' migration ability. However, REST deficiency did not lead to a marked decrease in the Daoy cell viability and sensitivity to HDACi. CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicate that REST is not essential for sustaining the proliferation/viability of the Daoy cells. It also revealed that the anti-proliferative effect of HDACi is independent of REST expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulelah S. Alshawli
- School of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Heiko Wurdak
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and PathologyUniversity of LeedsSt James's University HospitalLeedsUK
| | - Ian C. Wood
- School of Biomedical SciencesFaculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - John E. Ladbury
- School of Molecular and Cellular BiologyFaculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
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Iwamoto M, Nakamura Y, Takemura M, Hisaoka-Nakashima K, Morioka N. TLR4-TAK1-p38 MAPK pathway and HDAC6 regulate the expression of sigma-1 receptors in rat primary cultured microglia. J Pharmacol Sci 2020; 144:23-29. [PMID: 32653342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia maintain brain homeostasis as the main immune cells in the central nervous system. Activation of sigma-1 receptor (Sig1R) plays neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory roles in microglia. Recent studies showed that Sig1R expression level has been reduced in the brain of the patients with neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease. However, the mechanisms underlying the down regulation of the Sig1R has not been clear. Treatment of rat primary cultured microglia with the inflammogen lipopolysaccharide (LPS) significantly decreased the expression of Sig1R mRNA in a concentration and time-dependent manner. The effects of LPS were blocked by pretreatment with TAK-242, a toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) antagonist. Furthermore, inhibitors of transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) restored the LPS-induced downregulation of Sig1R. Thus, the current findings demonstrate that TLR4 activation leads to the downregulation of the Sig1R expression via TLR4-TAK1-p38 MAPK pathway and the inhibition of HDAC6 can increase Sig1R expression in microglia. The current findings suggest that downregulation of Sig1R may contribute to neuroinflammation-induced microglial dysfunction, regulation of microglial Sig1R may be novel therapeutic drug candidates for neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoka Iwamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Yoki Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.
| | - Masatoshi Takemura
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Kazue Hisaoka-Nakashima
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Morioka
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Japan.
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13
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Nakamura Y, Kimura S, Takada N, Takemura M, Iwamoto M, Hisaoka-Nakashima K, Nakata Y, Morioka N. Stimulation of toll-like receptor 4 downregulates the expression of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors via histone deacetylase in rodent microglia. Neurochem Int 2020; 138:104751. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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14
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Sarkar R, Banerjee S, Amin SA, Adhikari N, Jha T. Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) inhibitors as anticancer agents: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 192:112171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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15
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You D, Richardson JR, Aleksunes LM. Epigenetic Regulation of Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein Transporters by Histone Deacetylase Inhibition. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:459-480. [PMID: 32193359 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.119.089953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1, ABCB1, P-glycoprotein) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP, ABCG2) are key efflux transporters that mediate the extrusion of drugs and toxicants in cancer cells and healthy tissues, including the liver, kidneys, and the brain. Altering the expression and activity of MDR1 and BCRP influences the disposition, pharmacodynamics, and toxicity of chemicals, including a number of commonly prescribed medications. Histone acetylation is an epigenetic modification that can regulate gene expression by changing the accessibility of the genome to transcriptional regulators and transcriptional machinery. Recently, studies have suggested that pharmacological inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) modulates the expression and function of MDR1 and BCRP transporters as a result of enhanced histone acetylation. This review addresses the ability of HDAC inhibitors to modulate the expression and the function of MDR1 and BCRP transporters and explores the molecular mechanisms by which HDAC inhibition regulates these transporters. While the majority of studies have focused on histone regulation of MDR1 and BCRP in drug-resistant and drug-sensitive cancer cells, emerging data point to similar responses in nonmalignant cells and tissues. Elucidating epigenetic mechanisms regulating MDR1 and BCRP is important to expand our understanding of the basic biology of these two key transporters and subsequent consequences on chemoresistance as well as tissue exposure and responses to drugs and toxicants. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Histone deacetylase inhibitors alter the expression of key efflux transporters multidrug resistance protein 1 and breast cancer resistance protein in healthy and malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahea You
- Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey (D.Y.); Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida (J.R.R.); Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey (J.R.R., L.M.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey (L.M.A.)
| | - Jason R Richardson
- Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey (D.Y.); Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida (J.R.R.); Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey (J.R.R., L.M.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey (L.M.A.)
| | - Lauren M Aleksunes
- Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey (D.Y.); Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida (J.R.R.); Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey (J.R.R., L.M.A.); and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Piscataway, New Jersey (L.M.A.)
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16
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Hamoud MMS, Pulya S, Osman NA, Bobde Y, Hassan AEA, Abdel-Fattah HA, Ghosh B, Ghanim AM. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel nicotinamide derivatives as potential histone deacetylase-3 inhibitors. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01274b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The selected nicotinamide-based HDACi displayed selectivity towards HDAC3 over pan HDAC and exhibited potent cytotoxicity against the used cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. S. Hamoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Zagazig University
- Zagazig 44519
- Egypt
| | - Sravani Pulya
- Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani
- Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Nermine A. Osman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Zagazig University
- Zagazig 44519
- Egypt
| | - Yamini Bobde
- Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani
- Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Abdalla E. A. Hassan
- Applied Nucleic Acids Research Center
- Zagazig University
- Egypt
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
| | - Hanan A. Abdel-Fattah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Zagazig University
- Zagazig 44519
- Egypt
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacy, BITS-Pilani
- Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Amany M. Ghanim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Zagazig University
- Zagazig 44519
- Egypt
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17
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Asawa RR, Zakharov A, Niehoff T, Chitsaz A, Jadhav A, Henderson MJ, Simeonov A, Martinez NJ. A Comparative Study of Target Engagement Assays for HDAC1 Inhibitor Profiling. SLAS DISCOVERY 2019; 25:253-264. [PMID: 31662025 DOI: 10.1177/2472555219883625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are epigenetic modulators linked to diseases including cancer and neurodegeneration. Given their therapeutic potential, highly sensitive biochemical and cell-based profiling technologies have been developed to discover small-molecule HDAC inhibitors. Ultimately, the therapeutic action of these inhibitors is dependent on a physical engagement with their intended targets in cellular and tissue environments. Confirming target engagement in the cellular environment is particularly relevant for HDACs since they function as part of cell type-specific multiprotein complexes. Here we implemented two recently developed high-throughput target engagement technologies, NanoBRET and SplitLuc CETSA, to profile 349 compounds in the Epigenetic-Focused collection for HDAC1 binding. We found that the two HDAC1 target engagement assays correlated well with each other and with orthogonal activity-based assays, in particular those carried out in cellular environments rather than with isolated HDAC proteins. The assays detected a majority of the previously described HDAC1 inhibitors in the collection and, importantly, triaged HDAC inhibitors known to target other HDACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita R Asawa
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Alexey Zakharov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Taylor Niehoff
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Ata Chitsaz
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Ajit Jadhav
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mark J Henderson
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Anton Simeonov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Natalia J Martinez
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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18
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Mansley MK, Roe AJ, Francis SL, Gill JH, Bailey MA, Wilson SM. Trichostatin A blocks aldosterone-induced Na + transport and control of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 in cortical collecting duct cells. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:4708-4719. [PMID: 31423568 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Aldosterone stimulates epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC)-dependent Na+ retention in the cortical collecting duct (CCD) of the kidney by activating mineralocorticoid receptors that promote expression of serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1). This response is critical to BP homeostasis. It has previously been suggested that inhibiting lysine deacetylases (KDACs) can post-transcriptionally disrupt this response by promoting acetylation of the mineralocorticoid receptor. The present study critically evaluates this hypothesis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Electrometric and molecular methods were used to define the effects of a pan-KDAC inhibitor, trichostatin A, on the responses to a physiologically relevant concentration of aldosterone (3 nM) in murine mCCDcl1 cells. KEY RESULTS Aldosterone augmented ENaC-induced Na+ absorption and increased SGK1 activity and abundance, as expected. In the presence of trichostatin A, these responses were suppressed. Trichostatin A-induced inhibition of KDAC was confirmed by increased acetylation of histone H3, H4, and α-tubulin. Trichostatin A did not block the electrometric response to insulin, a hormone that activates SGK1 independently of increased transcription, indicating that trichostatin A has no direct effect upon the SGK1/ENaC pathway. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Inhibition of lysine de-acetylation suppresses aldosterone-dependent control over the SGK1-ENaC pathway but does not perturb post-transcriptional signalling, providing a physiological basis for the anti-hypertensive action of KDAC inhibition seen in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morag K Mansley
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, UK.,Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew J Roe
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, UK
| | - Sarah L Francis
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, UK
| | - Jason H Gill
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, UK
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stuart M Wilson
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, UK
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19
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Seligson ND, Stets CW, Demoret BW, Awasthi A, Grosenbacher N, Shakya R, Hays JL, Chen JL. Inhibition of histone deacetylase 2 reduces MDM2 expression and reduces tumor growth in dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5671-5679. [PMID: 31620242 PMCID: PMC6779286 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is a highly morbid mesenchymal tumor characterized and driven by genomic amplification of the MDM2 gene. Direct inhibition of MDM2 has shown promise pre-clinically, but has yet to be validated in clinical trials. Early in vitro studies have demonstrated that pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition may have anti-MDM2 effects. Here we present in silico, in vitro, and mouse xenograft studies that suggest that specifically targeting HDAC2 reduces MDM2 expression and has anti-tumor affects in DDLPS. Two independent datasets, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; n = 58) and the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Dataset (MSKCC; n = 63), were used to identify the co-expression between class I HDACs and MDM2, and their clinical impact. HDAC2 was highly co-expressed with MDM2 (TCGA: Spearman’s coefficient = 0.29, p = 0.03; MSKCC: Spearman’s coefficient = 0.57, p < 0.001). As both a continuous and dichotomous predictor, elevated HDAC2 expression was associated with worsened disease-free survival in the TCGA (Continuous: Hazard-ratio (HR) 1.7; 95% Confidence Interval (95%CI) 0.97–2.9; p = 0.06; Dichotomous: HR 7.1, 95%CI 2.5–19.8, p < 0.001) and distant recurrence-free survival in the MSKCC (Continuous: HR 2.2; 95%CI 1.1–4.8; p = 0.04; Dichotomous: HR 2.8, 95%CI 1.2–6.4, p = 0.02). In vitro, treatment of DDLPS cell lines with the HDAC inhibitors MI-192 (HDAC2/3 inhibitor) or romidepsin (HDAC1/2 inhibitor) reduced MDM2 expression and induced apoptosis. In a murine DDLPS xenograft model, romidepsin reduced tumor growth and lowered tumor MDM2 expression. RNA-sequencing of romidepsin treated mouse tumors demonstrated markers of TP53 reactivation. Taken together, our data supports the hypothesis that targeting HDAC2 may represent a potential strategy to modulate MDM2 expression in DDLPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Seligson
- Department of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Colin W Stets
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Bryce W Demoret
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Achal Awasthi
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicholas Grosenbacher
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Reena Shakya
- Target Validation Shared Resource, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - John L Hays
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - James L Chen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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20
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The Neuroprotective Effect of the HDAC2/3 Inhibitor MI192 on the Penumbra After Photothrombotic Stroke in the Mouse Brain. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:239-248. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01773-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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Histone deacetylase 3 inhibitors in learning and memory processes with special emphasis on benzamides. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 166:369-380. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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22
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Zhang L, Chen Y, Jiang Q, Song W, Zhang L. Therapeutic potential of selective histone deacetylase 3 inhibition. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 162:534-542. [PMID: 30472601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are closely related to the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases, such as tumor, inflammation, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Inhibition of HDACs by developing HDAC inhibitors has achieved significant progress in the treatment of diseases caused by epigenetic abnormalities, and especially in the cancer therapy. Isoform selective HDAC inhibitors are emphasized to be disease specific and have less off-target effects and better safety performances. HDAC3 has been illustrated to play specific role in the development of several diseases, and the discovery of HDAC3 selective inhibitors has exhibited potential in the targeted disease treatment. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge about the prospects of selective inhibition of HDAC3 for the drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yiming Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Qixiao Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Weiguo Song
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
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23
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Vaijayanthi T, Pandian GN, Sugiyama H. Chemical Control System of Epigenetics. CHEM REC 2018; 18:1833-1853. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thangavel Vaijayanthi
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceKyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ganesh N. Pandian
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS)Kyoto University Yoshida-Ushinomaecho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceKyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS)Kyoto University Yoshida-Ushinomaecho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
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24
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Adhikari N, Amin SA, Trivedi P, Jha T, Ghosh B. HDAC3 is a potential validated target for cancer: An overview on the benzamide-based selective HDAC3 inhibitors through comparative SAR/QSAR/QAAR approaches. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:1127-1142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Durham BS, Grigg R, Wood IC. Inhibition of histone deacetylase 1 or 2 reduces induced cytokine expression in microglia through a protein synthesis independent mechanism. J Neurochem 2017; 143:214-224. [PMID: 28796285 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors prevent neural cell death in in vivo models of cerebral ischaemia, brain injury and neurodegenerative disease. One mechanism by which HDAC inhibitors may do this is by suppressing the excessive inflammatory response of chronically activated microglia. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this anti-inflammatory effect and the specific HDAC responsible are not fully understood. Recent data from in vivo rodent studies have shown that inhibition of class I HDACs suppresses neuroinflammation and is neuroprotective. In our study, we have identified that selective HDAC inhibition with inhibitors apicidin, MS-275 or MI-192, or specific knockdown of HDAC1 or 2 using siRNA, suppresses the expression of cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in BV-2 murine microglia activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, we found that in the absence of HDAC1, HDAC2 is up-regulated and these increased levels are compensatory, suggesting that these two HDACs have redundancy in regulating the inflammatory response of microglia. Investigating the possible underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms suggests an increase in protein expression is not important. Taken together, this study supports the idea that inhibitors selective towards HDAC1 or HDAC2, may be therapeutically useful for targeting neuroinflammation in brain injuries and neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronald Grigg
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ian C Wood
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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26
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Androutsopoulos VP, Spandidos DA. Antiproliferative effects of TSA, PXD‑101 and MS‑275 in A2780 and MCF7 cells: Acetylated histone H4 and acetylated tubulin as markers for HDACi potency and selectivity. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:3412-3418. [PMID: 29039546 PMCID: PMC5783587 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.6015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of histone deacetylase enzymes (HDACs) has been well documented as an attractive target for the development of chemotherapeutic drugs. The present study investigated the effects of two prototype hydroxamic acid HDAC inhibitors, namely Trichostatin A (TSA) and Belinostat (PXD-101) and the benzamide Entinostat (MS-275) in A2780 ovarian carcinoma and MCF7 breast adenocarcinoma cells. The three HDACi inhibited the proliferation of A2780 and MCF7 cells at comparable levels, below the µM range. Enzyme inhibition assays in a cell-free system showed that TSA was the most potent inhibitor of total HDAC enzyme activity followed by PXD-101 and MS-275. Incubation of A2780 and MCF7 cells with the hydroxamates TSA and PXD-101 for 24 h resulted in a dramatic increase of acetylated tubulin induction (up to 30-fold for TSA). In contrast to acetylated tubulin, western blot analysis and flow cytometry indicated that the induction of acetylated histone H4 was considerably smaller. The benzamide MS-275 exhibited nearly a 2-fold induction of acetylated histone H4 and an even smaller induction of acetylated tubulin in A2780 and MCF7 cells. Taken together, these data suggest that although the three HDACi were equipotent in inhibiting proliferation of MCF7 and A2780 cells, only the benzamide MS-275 did not induce acetylated tubulin expression, a marker of class IIb HDACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilis P Androutsopoulos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Voutes 71003, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Voutes 71003, Greece
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27
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Yin Y, Zhang M, Dorfman RG, Li Y, Zhao Z, Pan Y, Zhou Q, Huang S, Zhao S, Yao Y, Zou X. Histone deacetylase 3 overexpression in human cholangiocarcinoma and promotion of cell growth via apoptosis inhibition. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2856. [PMID: 28569784 PMCID: PMC5520875 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) has an oncogenic role in apoptosis and contributes to the proliferation of cancer cells. MI192 is a novel HDAC3-specific inhibitor that displays antitumor activity in many cancer cell lines. However, the role of HDAC3 and the antitumor activity of its inhibitor MI192 are not known in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). The present study aims to identify the target of MI192 in CCA as well as evaluate its therapeutic efficacy. CCK8 and colony formation assays showed that HDAC3 overexpression promotes proliferation in CCA cell lines. HDAC3 knockdown or treatment with MI192 decreased CCA cell growth and increased caspase-dependent apoptosis, while apoptosis was partially rescued by HDAC3 overexpression. We demonstrated that MI192 can inhibit the deacetylation activity of HDAC3 and its downstream targets in vitro, and MI192 inhibited xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Immunochemistry showed that HDAC3 was upregulated in CCA tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and this was correlated with reduced patient survival. Taken together, these results demonstrate for the first time that MI192 targets HDAC3 and induces apoptosis in human CCA cells. MI192 therefore shows the potential as a new drug candidate for CCA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Yang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenguo Zhao
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yida Pan
- Department of Digestive Diseases of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shimin Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuling Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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28
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Maolanon AR, Kristensen HME, Leman LJ, Ghadiri MR, Olsen CA. Natural and Synthetic Macrocyclic Inhibitors of the Histone Deacetylase Enzymes. Chembiochem 2016; 18:5-49. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex R. Maolanon
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Helle M. E. Kristensen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Luke J. Leman
- Department of Chemistry; The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology; The Scripps Research Institute; 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - M. Reza Ghadiri
- Department of Chemistry; The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology; The Scripps Research Institute; 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Christian A. Olsen
- Center for Biopharmaceuticals and; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology; University of Copenhagen; Universitetsparken 2 2100 Copenhagen Denmark
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29
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Identification of a cancer stem cell-specific function for the histone deacetylases, HDAC1 and HDAC7, in breast and ovarian cancer. Oncogene 2016; 36:1707-1720. [PMID: 27694895 PMCID: PMC5364039 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Tumours are comprised of a highly heterogeneous population of cells, of which only a small subset of stem-like cells possess the ability to regenerate tumours in vivo. These cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a significant clinical challenge as they are resistant to conventional cancer therapies and play essential roles in metastasis and tumour relapse. Despite this realization and great interest in CSCs, it has been difficult to develop CSC-targeted treatments due to our limited understanding of CSC biology. Here, we present evidence that specific histone deacetylases (HDACs) play essential roles in the CSC phenotype. Utilizing a novel CSC model, we discovered that the HDACs, HDAC1 and HDAC7, are specifically over-expressed in CSCs when compared to non-stem-tumour-cells (nsTCs). Furthermore, we determine that HDAC1 and HDAC7 are necessary to maintain CSCs, and that over-expression of HDAC7 is sufficient to augment the CSC phenotype. We also demonstrate that clinically available HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) targeting HDAC1 and HDAC7 can be used to preferentially target CSCs. These results provide actionable insights that can be rapidly translated into CSC-specific therapies.
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Ourailidou ME, Leus NGJ, Krist K, Lenoci A, Mai A, Dekker FJ. Chemical epigenetics to assess the role of HDAC1–3 inhibition in macrophage pro-inflammatory gene expression. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00375c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Azobenzene ortho-aminoanilides inhibit HDACs 1–3 and possess anti-inflammatory properties in murine macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E. Ourailidou
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy
- University of Groningen
- Groningen 9713 AV
- The Netherlands
| | - Niek G. J. Leus
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy
- University of Groningen
- Groningen 9713 AV
- The Netherlands
| | - Kim Krist
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy
- University of Groningen
- Groningen 9713 AV
- The Netherlands
| | - Alessia Lenoci
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies
- ‘Sapienza’ University
- 00185 Rome
- Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies
- ‘Sapienza’ University
- 00185 Rome
- Italy
- Pasteur Institute
| | - Frank J. Dekker
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology
- Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy
- University of Groningen
- Groningen 9713 AV
- The Netherlands
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Bacon T, Seiler C, Wolny M, Hughes R, Watson P, Schwabe J, Grigg R, Peckham M. Histone deacetylase 3 indirectly modulates tubulin acetylation. Biochem J 2015; 472:367-77. [PMID: 26450925 PMCID: PMC4661566 DOI: 10.1042/bj20150660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3), a member of the Class I subfamily of HDACs, is found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Its roles in the nucleus have been well characterized, but its cytoplasmic roles are still not elucidated fully. We found that blocking HDAC3 activity using MI192, a compound specific for HDAC3, modulated tubulin acetylation in the human prostate cancer cell line PC3. A brief 1 h treatment of PC3 cells with MI192 significantly increased levels of tubulin acetylation and ablated the dynamic behaviour of microtubules in live cells. siRNA-mediated knockdown (KD) of HDAC3 in PC3 cells, significantly increased levels of tubulin acetylation, and overexpression reduced it. However, the active HDAC3-silencing mediator of retinoic and thyroid receptors (SMRT)-deacetylase-activating domain (DAD) complex did not directly deacetylate tubulin in vitro. These data suggest that HDAC3 indirectly modulates tubulin acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis Bacon
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Caroline Seiler
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Marcin Wolny
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Ruth Hughes
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Peter Watson
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Structural Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, U.K
| | - John Schwabe
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Henry Wellcome Laboratories of Structural Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, U.K
| | - Ronald Grigg
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Michelle Peckham
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
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Therapeutic potential of isoform selective HDAC inhibitors for the treatment of schizophrenia. Future Med Chem 2014; 5:1491-508. [PMID: 24024943 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.13.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence supports a role for epigenetic involvement in some of the neurobiological alterations observed in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. In particular, there is mounting evidence implicating dysfunction in acetylation status, a chromatin modification mediated in part by HDACs, as a possible contributing factor to certain facets of this debilitating disease. Additional data support the notion that small molecule inhibition of HDACs may provide therapeutic alternatives to treating many of the symptoms associated with schizophrenia, particularly cognitive deficits. However, the development of highly potent and selective inhibitors of the individual HDAC isoforms will be necessary to delineate the associated biological effects and test the feasibility of such an approach for this complex and chronically treated disease. Here, we summarize current evidence for the role of HDAC isoforms in schizophrenia and highlight the state of the art in developing selective inhibitors of these isoforms as a potential treatment for schizophrenia.
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Shan X, Fu YS, Aziz F, Wang XQ, Yan Q, Liu JW. Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibits melanoma cell proliferation through down-regulation of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) and increase of p53 acetylation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115401. [PMID: 25521755 PMCID: PMC4270766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is an aggressive and deadly form of skin cancer, and despite recent advances in available therapies, is still lacking in completely effective treatments. Rg3, a monomer extracted from ginseng roots, has been attempted for the treatment of many cancers. It is reported that the expressions of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) and p53 acetylation correlate with tumor cell growth. However, the antitumor effect of Rg3 on melanoma and the mechanism by which it regulates HDAC3 expression and p53 acetylation remain unknown. We found high expression of HDAC3 in human melanoma tissues to be significantly correlated to lymph node metastasis and clinical stage of disease (p<0.05). In melanoma cells, Rg3 inhibited cell proliferation and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Rg3 also decreased the expression of HDAC3 and increased the acetylation of p53 on lysine (k373/k382). Moreover, suppression of HDAC3 by either siRNA or a potent HDAC3 inhibitor (MS-275) inhibited cell proliferation, increased p53 acetylation and transcription activity. In A375 melanoma xenograft studies, we demonstrated that Rg3 and HDAC3 short hairpin RNA (shHDAC3) inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors with down-regulation of HDAC3 expression and up-regulation of p53 acetylation. In conclusion, Rg3 has antiproliferative activity against melanoma by decreasing HDAC3 and increasing acetylation of p53 both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, Rg3 serves as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Shan
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuan-Shan Fu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Faisal Aziz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
- * E-mail: (QY); (JWL)
| | - Ji-Wei Liu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
- * E-mail: (QY); (JWL)
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Wagner FF, Weїwer M, Lewis MC, Holson EB. Small molecule inhibitors of zinc-dependent histone deacetylases. Neurotherapeutics 2013; 10:589-604. [PMID: 24101253 PMCID: PMC3805861 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-013-0226-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine acetylation is an ancient, evolutionarily conserved, reversible post-translational modification. A multitude of diverse cellular functions are regulated by this dynamic modification, including energy and metabolism, protein folding, transcription, and translation. Gene expression can be manipulated through changes in histone acetylation status, and this process is controlled by the function of 2 opposing enzymes: histone acetyl transferases and histone deacetylases (HDACs). The zinc-dependent HDACs are a family of hydrolases that remove acetyl groups from lysines, and their function can be modulated by the action of small molecule ligands. Inhibition through competitive binding of the catalytic domain of these enzymes has been achieved by a diverse array of small molecule chemotypes. Structural biology has aided the development of potent, and in some cases highly isoform-selective, inhibitors that have demonstrated utility in a number of neurological disease models. Continued development and characterization of highly optimized small molecule inhibitors of HDAC enzymes will help refine our understanding of their function and, optimistically, lead to novel therapeutic treatment alternatives for a host of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence F. Wagner
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Michel Weїwer
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Michael C. Lewis
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Edward B. Holson
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
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Histone deacetylase inhibitor reduces hypertrophic scarring in a rabbit ear model. Plast Reconstr Surg 2013; 132:61e-69e. [PMID: 23806955 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0b013e318290f698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic scars result from excessive collagen deposition at sites of healing dermal wounds and could be functionally and cosmetically problematic. The authors tested the ability of the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A to reduce hypertrophic scar formation in a rabbit ear model. METHODS The authors have developed a reliable rabbit model that results in hypertrophic scarring. Four 1-cm, full-thickness, circular wounds were made on each ear. After the wounds reepithelialized, 0.02% trichostatin A was injected intradermally into the wounds in the treatment group. Expression of collagen I and fibronectin was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis at postoperative day 23. Scar hypertrophy was quantified by measurement of the scar elevation index at postoperative day 45. RESULTS Compared with the control group, injection of trichostatin A led to much more normal-appearing scars in the rabbit ear. The scar elevation index at postoperative day 45 was significantly decreased after injection of trichostatin A compared with untreated scars. Furthermore, the authors confirmed the decreased expression of collagen I and fibronectin at postoperative day 23 (after the rabbits had been treated with trichostatin A for 1 week) in the treated scars compared with the control scars according to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. CONCLUSIONS The introduction of trichostatin A can result in the decreased formation of hypertrophic scars in a rabbit ear model, which is corroborated by evidence of decreased collagen I and fibronectin synthesis.
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Tazi N, Zhang Z, Messaddeq Y, Almeida-Lopes L, Zanardi LM, Levinson D, Rouabhia M. Hydroxyapatite bioactivated bacterial cellulose promotes osteoblast growth and the formation of bone nodules. AMB Express 2012; 2:61. [PMID: 23174338 PMCID: PMC3571908 DOI: 10.1186/2191-0855-2-61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility of bacterial cellulose (BC) scaffold to support osteoblast growth and bone formation. BC was produced by culturing Acetobacter xylinum supplemented with hydroxyapatite (HA) to form BC membranes (without HA) and BC/HA membranes. Membranes were subjected to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis to determine surface element composition. The membranes were further used to evaluate osteoblast growth, alkaline phosphatase activity and bone nodule formation. BC was free of calcium and phosphate. However, XPS analysis revealed the presence of both calcium (10%) and phosphate (10%) at the surface of the BC/HA membrane. Osteoblast culture showed that BC alone was non-toxic and could sustain osteoblast adhesion. Furthermore, osteoblast adhesion and growth were significantly (p ≤0.05) increased on BC/HA membranes as compared to BC alone. Both BC and BC/HA membranes improved osteoconductivity, as confirmed by the level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity that increased from 2.5 mM with BC alone to 5.3 mM with BC/HA. BC/HA membranes also showed greater nodule formation and mineralization than the BC membrane alone. This was confirmed by Alizarin red staining (ARS) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). This work demonstrates that both BC and BC/HA may be useful in bone tissue engineering.
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