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Nespoux J, Monaghan MLT, Jones NK, Stewart K, Denby L, Czopek A, Mullins JJ, Menzies RI, Baker AH, Bailey MA. P2X7 receptor knockout does not alter renal function or prevent angiotensin II-induced kidney injury in F344 rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9573. [PMID: 38670993 PMCID: PMC11053004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59635-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
P2X7 receptors mediate immune and endothelial cell responses to extracellular ATP. Acute pharmacological blockade increases renal blood flow and filtration rate, suggesting that receptor activation promotes tonic vasoconstriction. P2X7 expression is increased in kidney disease and blockade/knockout is renoprotective. We generated a P2X7 knockout rat on F344 background, hypothesising enhanced renal blood flow and protection from angiotensin-II-induced renal injury. CRISPR/Cas9 introduced an early stop codon into exon 2 of P2rx7, abolishing P2X7 protein in kidney and reducing P2rx7 mRNA abundance by ~ 60% in bone-marrow derived macrophages. The M1 polarisation response to lipopolysaccharide was unaffected but P2X7 receptor knockout suppressed ATP-induced IL-1β release. In male knockout rats, acetylcholine-induced dilation of the renal artery ex vivo was diminished but not the response to nitroprusside. Renal function in male and female knockout rats was not different from wild-type. Finally, in male rats infused with angiotensin-II for 6 weeks, P2X7 knockout did not reduce albuminuria, tubular injury, renal macrophage accrual, and renal perivascular fibrosis. Contrary to our hypothesis, global P2X7 knockout had no impact on in vivo renal hemodynamics. Our study does not indicate a major role for P2X7 receptor activation in renal vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josselin Nespoux
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marie-Louise T Monaghan
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Natalie K Jones
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kevin Stewart
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Laura Denby
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alicja Czopek
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - John J Mullins
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert I Menzies
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew H Baker
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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2
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Imenez Silva PH, Pepin M, Figurek A, Gutiérrez-Jiménez E, Bobot M, Iervolino A, Mattace-Raso F, Hoorn EJ, Bailey MA, Hénaut L, Nielsen R, Frische S, Trepiccione F, Hafez G, Altunkaynak HO, Endlich N, Unwin R, Capasso G, Pesic V, Massy Z, Wagner CA, Consortium C. Animal models to study cognitive impairment of chronic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38634137 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00338.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is common in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its prevalence increases with progressive loss of kidney function. MCI is characterized by a decline in cognitive performance greater than expected for an individual age and education level but with minimal impairment of instrumental activities of daily living. Deterioration can affect one or several cognitive domains (attention, memory, executive functions, language, and perceptual motor or social cognition). Given the increasing prevalence of kidney disease, more and more people with CKD will also develop MCI causing an enormous disease burden for these individuals, their relatives and society. However, the underlying pathomechanisms are poorly understood and current therapies mostly aim at supporting patients in their daily life. This illustrates the urgent need to elucidate the pathogenesis, and potential therapeutic targets and test novel therapies in appropriate preclinical models. Here, we will outline the necessary criteria for experimental modelling of cognitive disorders in CKD. We discuss the use of mice, rats and zebrafish as model systems and present valuable techniques through which kidney function and cognitive impairment can be assessed in this setting. Our objective is to enable researchers to overcome hurdles and accelerate preclinical research aimed at improving therapy of people with CKD and MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H Imenez Silva
- Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marion Pepin
- Departement of Geriatric Medicine, CHU Ambroise Paré, Billancourt Cedex, France
| | - Andreja Figurek
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Mickaël Bobot
- Centre de Néphrologie et Transplantation Rénale, Hôpital de la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Anna Iervolino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Mattace-Raso
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ewout J Hoorn
- Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Edinburgh Kidney, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lucie Hénaut
- UR UPJV 7517, Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Consequences of Cardiovascular Calcifications (MP3CV), Jules Verne University of Picardie, France
| | - Rikke Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Gaye Hafez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Nicole Endlich
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Greifswald University Hospital, Greifswald, MV, Germany
| | - Robert Unwin
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Vesna Pesic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ziad Massy
- Service de Néphrologie, CHU Ambroise Paré, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris & Université Paris-Saclay, University Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Carsten A Wagner
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Escobar C, Watts DB, Torbert HA, Bailey MA, Krehling JT, Landers D, Jackson AP, Gilpin M, Still K, Munoz LR, Orellana L, Adhikari Y, Macklin KS, Baker-Cook B. Evaluating the impact of gypsum as a novel bedding material on broiler performance, foot pad health, and fear response. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103676. [PMID: 38564833 PMCID: PMC10999700 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) gypsum is a byproduct of the coal-fired power plant process commonly used to remove sulfur dioxide emissions from the flue gas. FGD gypsum has numerous industrial, agricultural, and environmental applications. This study aimed to explore a novel approach involving the use of FGD gypsum combined with different litter treatments as bedding for broiler production. It focused on performance metrics, including adjusted feed conversion ratio (AFCR) and average body weight (BW), foot pad dermatitis (FPD), and fear response over 5 consecutive flocks. A total of 1,800 one-day-old Ross 708 chicks were randomly assigned to 24 pens (75 birds/pen), divided into 6 treatment groups (4 pens/treatment), with 5 replications and raised until 42 d old (d). Treatments were gypsum that was decaked (D), rotovated (E), and rotovated then windrowed (F) between flocks. Control treatments using pine shavings were decaked (A), rotovated (B), and windrowed postrotovating (C). AFCR, average BW, and mortality were used as a measure of production. Foot pad dermatitis scores were taken on d42 using a scale of 0 (absence), 1 (mild), and 2 (severe). Response to observer and human approach test were used to measure fear response. Data were analyzed as a 2-way ANOVA (Proc Glimmix) for the main effects of bedding type and litter treatment. Means were identified using Tukey's HSD. No effect of bedding type or litter treatment was found for AFCR, BW, or mortality. FPD scores 2 and 1, were higher with pine shavings than gypsum (P = 0.01 and P = 0.01, respectively). While FPD scores 0 were higher for gypsum than the pine shaving (P = 0.01). No difference in fear response was found among birds raised on any of the gypsum litter treatments and any of the pine shaving litter treatments. Overall, the use of gypsum as bedding results in equivalent production and fear response to pine shavings, while increasing FPD quality when compared to pine shaving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Escobar
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Dexter B Watts
- USDA-ARS, National Soil Dynamics Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36832, USA
| | - H Allen Torbert
- USDA-ARS, National Soil Dynamics Laboratory, Auburn, AL 36832, USA
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - James T Krehling
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Denise Landers
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | | | - Melissa Gilpin
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Katie Still
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Luis R Munoz
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Leticia Orellana
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Yagya Adhikari
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Kenneth S Macklin
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
| | - Bethany Baker-Cook
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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Abstract
Salt (sodium chloride) is an essential nutrient required to maintain physiological functions. However, for most people, daily salt intake far exceeds their physiological need and is habitually greater than recommended upper thresholds. Excess salt intake leads to elevation in blood pressure which drives cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Indeed, excessive salt intake is estimated to be responsible for ≈5 million deaths per year globally. For approximately one-third of otherwise healthy individuals (and >50% of those with hypertension), the effect of salt intake on blood pressure elevation is exaggerated; such people are categorized as salt sensitive and salt sensitivity of blood pressure is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death. The prevalence of salt sensitivity is higher in women than in men and, in both, increases with age. This narrative review considers the foundational concepts of salt sensitivity and the underlying effector systems that cause salt sensitivity. We also consider recent updates in preclinical and clinical research that are revealing new modifying factors that determine the blood pressure response to high salt intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Bailey
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.A.B., N.D.)
| | - Neeraj Dhaun
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.A.B., N.D.)
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (N.D.)
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5
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Farrah TE, Pugh D, Chapman FA, Godden E, Balmforth C, Oniscu GC, Webb DJ, Dhillon B, Dear JW, Bailey MA, Gallacher PJ, Dhaun N. Choroidal and retinal thinning in chronic kidney disease independently associate with eGFR decline and are modifiable with treatment. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7720. [PMID: 38052813 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43125-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), there is an unmet need for novel biomarkers that reliably track kidney injury, demonstrate treatment-response, and predict outcomes. Here, we investigate the potential of retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) to achieve these ends in a series of prospective studies of patients with pre-dialysis CKD (including those with a kidney transplant), patients with kidney failure undergoing kidney transplantation, living kidney donors, and healthy volunteers. Compared to health, we observe similar retinal thinning and reduced macular volume in patients with CKD and in those with a kidney transplant. However, the choroidal thinning observed in CKD is not seen in patients with a kidney transplant whose choroids resemble those of healthy volunteers. In CKD, the degree of choroidal thinning relates to falling eGFR and extent of kidney scarring. Following kidney transplantation, choroidal thickness increases rapidly (~10%) and is maintained over 1-year, whereas gradual choroidal thinning is seen during the 12 months following kidney donation. In patients with CKD, retinal and choroidal thickness independently associate with eGFR decline over 2 years. These observations highlight the potential for retinal OCT to act as a non-invasive monitoring and prognostic biomarker of kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq E Farrah
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dan Pugh
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fiona A Chapman
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Emily Godden
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Craig Balmforth
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gabriel C Oniscu
- Edinburgh Transplant Centre, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Transplant Division, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David J Webb
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Baljean Dhillon
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James W Dear
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter J Gallacher
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Neeraj Dhaun
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Edinburgh Transplant Centre, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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6
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Griffin KJ, Rashid TS, Bailey MA, Bird SA, Bridge K, Scott JD. Corrigendum to "Toe amputation: A predictor of future limb loss?" [J. Diabetes Complicat. 26(3) (May-Jun 2012) 251-4]. J Diabetes Complications 2023; 37:108555. [PMID: 37422353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K J Griffin
- The Leeds Vascular Institute, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, United Kingdom; Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Research, LIGHT, Clarendon Way, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
| | - T S Rashid
- The Leeds Vascular Institute, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, United Kingdom; Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Research, LIGHT, Clarendon Way, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - M A Bailey
- The Leeds Vascular Institute, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, United Kingdom; Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Research, LIGHT, Clarendon Way, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - S A Bird
- The Leeds Vascular Institute, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, United Kingdom; Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Research, LIGHT, Clarendon Way, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - K Bridge
- The Leeds Vascular Institute, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, United Kingdom; Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Research, LIGHT, Clarendon Way, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - J D Scott
- The Leeds Vascular Institute, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, United Kingdom; Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Research, LIGHT, Clarendon Way, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Sucharitkul P, Safdar NZ, Filan J, Jain K, Forsyth J, Bridgwood B, Bailey MA, Coughlin PA. VENUM (Vascular Education iN Undergraduate Medicine): a multicentre evaluation of undergraduate vascular education in the UK. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2023; 105:765-771. [PMID: 37906976 PMCID: PMC10618044 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2023.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vascular surgery is a recognised surgical subspecialty covering an array of circulatory conditions predominately affecting geriatric and diabetic patients. As such, a wide breadth of clinicians will see patients with vascular pathologies, but it is unclear how detailed their knowledge base is. Key to this is the education of medical students, which has been poorly documented during undergraduate training in the UK. VENUM aimed to establish students' perceptions of vascular surgery and their confidence in performing vascular objective structured clinical examination (OCSE) skills. METHODS During the academic year of 2022/2023, final-year medical students were invited to complete a JISC survey (collaborative authorship). Seventy-seven research leads were recruited to disseminate the survey. Quantitative and thematic analysis was used to assess the data. RESULTS In total, 240 final-year medical students completed the survey (54% female; 26 medical schools represented). Forty-five per cent of students reported never having had a vascular placement, 24% had never completed a vascular-focused clinical examination and 26% reported low confidence in performing ankle brachial pressure index measurement. An assessment of peripheral arterial disease morbidity was answered correctly in 17% of respondents compared with 92% for angina (chi-square test p<0.001). Students perceived the specialty to be non-inclusive and that early exposure to vascular surgery was required for better engagement with the specialty. CONCLUSION Students have experienced little exposure to vascular surgery. This may affect future recruitment to vascular surgery and overall knowledge of vascular conditions in UK-trained doctors, which may affect long-term patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N Z Safdar
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - J Filan
- School of Medical Education, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - K Jain
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - J Forsyth
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Leeds, UK
| | | | - M A Bailey
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Vascular Institute, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - P A Coughlin
- Leeds Vascular Institute, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
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Escobar C, Munoz LR, Bailey MA, Krehling JT, Pacheco WJ, Hauck R, Buhr RJ, Macklin KS. Buffering Capacity Comparison of Tris Phosphate Carbonate and Buffered Peptone Water Salmonella Pre-Enrichments for Manufactured Feed and Feed Ingredients. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3119. [PMID: 37835725 PMCID: PMC10571946 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Various culture-based methods to detect Salmonella in animal feed have been developed due to the impact of this bacterium on public and animal health. For this project, tris phosphate carbonate (TPC) and buffered peptone water (BPW) buffering capacities were compared as pre-enrichment mediums for the detection of Salmonella in feed ingredients. A total of 269 samples were collected from 6 feed mills and mixed with the pre-enrichments; pH was measured before and after a 24 h incubation. Differences were observed when comparing pH values by sample type; DDGS and poultry by-product meal presented lower initial pH values for TPC and BPW compared to the other samples. For both TPC and BPW, meat and bone meal presented higher final pH values, while soybean meal and peanut meal had lower final pH values. Furthermore, for BPW, post cooling, pellet loadout, and wheat middlings reported lower final pH values. Additionally, most feed ingredients presented significant differences in pH change after 24 h of incubation, except DDGS. From meat and bone meal samples, four Salmonella isolates were recovered and identified: three using BPW and one using TPC. TPC provided greater buffer capacity towards neutral pH compared to BPW, but BPW was more effective at recovering Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Escobar
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.E.); (L.R.M.); (M.A.B.); (J.T.K.); (W.J.P.); (R.H.)
| | - Luis R. Munoz
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.E.); (L.R.M.); (M.A.B.); (J.T.K.); (W.J.P.); (R.H.)
| | - Matthew A. Bailey
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.E.); (L.R.M.); (M.A.B.); (J.T.K.); (W.J.P.); (R.H.)
| | - James T. Krehling
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.E.); (L.R.M.); (M.A.B.); (J.T.K.); (W.J.P.); (R.H.)
| | - Wilmer J. Pacheco
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.E.); (L.R.M.); (M.A.B.); (J.T.K.); (W.J.P.); (R.H.)
| | - Rüdiger Hauck
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; (C.E.); (L.R.M.); (M.A.B.); (J.T.K.); (W.J.P.); (R.H.)
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Richard J. Buhr
- USDA-ARS, US National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA 30605, USA;
| | - Kenneth S. Macklin
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
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9
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Hunter RW, Bailey MA. Horses for Courses: What is the Best Oral Potassium Supplementation Strategy? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 18:1250-1253. [PMID: 37678216 PMCID: PMC10578630 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.0000000000000294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Hunter
- Edinburgh Kidney Research Group, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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10
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Costello HM, Krilis G, Grenier C, Severs D, Czopek A, Ivy JR, Nixon M, Holmes MC, Livingstone DEW, Hoorn EJ, Dhaun N, Bailey MA. High salt intake activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, amplifies the stress response, and alters tissue glucocorticoid exposure in mice. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:1740-1750. [PMID: 36368681 PMCID: PMC10325699 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS High salt intake is common and contributes to poor cardiovascular health. Urinary sodium excretion correlates directly with glucocorticoid excretion in humans and experimental animals. We hypothesized that high salt intake activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation and leads to sustained glucocorticoid excess. METHODS AND RESULTS In male C57BL/6 mice, high salt intake for 2-8 weeks caused an increase in diurnal peak levels of plasma corticosterone. After 2 weeks, high salt increased Crh and Pomc mRNA abundance in the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary, consistent with basal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation. Additionally, high salt intake amplified glucocorticoid response to restraint stress, indicative of enhanced axis sensitivity. The binding capacity of Corticosteroid-Binding Globulin was reduced and its encoding mRNA downregulated in the liver. In the hippocampus and anterior pituitary, Fkbp5 mRNA levels were increased, indicating increased glucocorticoid exposure. The mRNA expression of the glucocorticoid-regenerating enzyme, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase Type 1, was increased in these brain areas and in the liver. Sustained high salt intake activated a water conservation response by the kidney, increasing plasma levels of the vasopressin surrogate, copeptin. Increased mRNA abundance of Tonebp and Avpr1b in the anterior pituitary suggested that vasopressin signalling contributes to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation by high salt diet. CONCLUSION Chronic high salt intake amplifies basal and stress-induced glucocorticoid levels and resets glucocorticoid biology centrally, peripherally and within cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Costello
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Universtiy of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Georgios Krilis
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Universtiy of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Celine Grenier
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Universtiy of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - David Severs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alicja Czopek
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Universtiy of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica R Ivy
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Universtiy of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Nixon
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Universtiy of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Megan C Holmes
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Universtiy of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn E W Livingstone
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Universtiy of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ewout J Hoorn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Neeraj Dhaun
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Universtiy of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Universtiy of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
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11
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Bailey MA. Oral Potassium Supplementation Flicks the Renal K-Switch in Humans. Kidney Int Rep 2023; 8:1131-1132. [PMID: 37284688 PMCID: PMC10239911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Bailey
- Edinburgh Kidney Research Group; British Heart Foundation Center for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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12
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Jones NK, Costello HM, Monaghan MT, Stewart K, Binnie D, Marks J, Bailey MA, Culshaw GJ. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition does not improve the acute pressure natriuresis response in rats with type 1 diabetes. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:480-490. [PMID: 36644793 PMCID: PMC10103849 DOI: 10.1113/ep090849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with both diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease: can SGLT2 inhibition improve renal pressure natriuresis (PN), an important mechanism for long-term blood pressure control, which is impaired in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)? What is the main finding and its importance? The SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin did not enhance the acute in vivo PN response in either healthy or T1DM Sprague-Dawley rats. The data suggest that the mechanism underpinning the clinical benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors on health is unlikely to be due to an enhanced natriuretic response to increased blood pressure. ABSTRACT Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) leads to serious complications including premature cardiovascular and kidney disease. Hypertension contributes importantly to these adverse outcomes. The renal pressure natriuresis (PN) response, a key regulator of blood pressure (BP), is impaired in rats with T1DM as tubular sodium reabsorption fails to down-regulate with increasing BP. We hypothesised that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, which reduce cardiovascular risk in kidney disease, would augment the PN response in T1DM rats. Non-diabetic or T1DM (35-50 mg/kg streptozotocin i.p.) adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were anaesthetised (thiopental 50 mg/kg i.p.) and randomised to receive either dapagliflozin (1 mg/kg i.v.) or vehicle. Baseline sodium excretion was measured and then BP was increased by sequential arterial ligations to induce the PN response. In non-diabetic animals, the natriuretic and diuretic responses to increasing BP were not augmented by dapagliflozin. Dapagliflozin induced glycosuria, but this was not influenced by BP. In T1DM rats the PN response was impaired. Dapagliflozin again increased urinary glucose excretion but did not enhance PN. Inhibition of SGLT2 does not enhance the PN response in rats, either with or without T1DM. SGLT2 makes only a minor contribution to tubular sodium reabsorption and does not contribute to the impaired PN response in T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie K. Jones
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Hannah M. Costello
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | - Kevin Stewart
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - David Binnie
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Joanne Marks
- Department of NeurosciencePhysiology and Pharmacology, Royal Free CampusUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Matthew A. Bailey
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Geoffrey J. Culshaw
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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13
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Munoz LR, Bailey MA, Krehling JT, Bourassa DV, Hauck R, Pacheco WJ, Chaves-Cordoba B, Chasteen KS, Talorico AA, Escobar C, Pietruska A, Macklin KS. Effects of dietary yeast cell wall supplementation on growth performance, intestinal Campylobacter jejuni colonization, innate immune response, villus height, crypt depth, and slaughter characteristics of broiler chickens inoculated with Campylobacter jejuni at d 21. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102609. [PMID: 36963334 PMCID: PMC10060741 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A study was conducted to assess the effects of a dietary yeast cell wall (YCW) with and without a Campylobacter jejuni (CJ) challenge. A total of 2,240-day-old Ross 708 males were randomly assigned within 8 treatments with a 4 × 2 factorial design, with 4 diets (negative control, positive control, YCW constant dose (400 g/ton), and YCW step-down dose (800/400/200 g/ton in the starter/grower/finisher diets, respectively) and with and without d 21 CJ oral gavage challenge at 5.2 × 107 CFU/mL. At d 0, 14, 28, and 41 body weights and feed consumption were measured to determine performance. At d 14, 28, and 42, 8 jejunal and ileal histology samples per treatment were collected for villi morphology measurements. At d 22 and 28 (1- and 7-days postinoculation), 24 ileal tissue samples per treatment were collected for relative gene expression analysis. At d 42, 24 cecal content samples per treatment were collected for CJ enumeration. Finally, on d 44, 96 birds per treatment were processed to determine carcass yield and 16 carcass rinses per treatment were collected to determine CJ prevalence after processing. Diet or inoculation did not impact broiler performance (P > 0.05). Limited differences were observed in intestinal morphology, and villus height and crypt depth were different only in the ileum at d 42 (P = 0.0280 and P = 0.0162, respectively). At d 1 postinoculation, differences between treatments inoculated with CJ and PBS were observed in the expression of avian beta defensin 10 (AvBD10), interleukin 1ß (IL-1ß), and interleukin 10 (IL-10) (P < 0.05). At d 7 postinoculation, expression of AvBD10, IL-1ß, and IL-10 was similar among all treatments (P > 0.05). At d 42, all birds, regardless the inoculation, had similar levels of CJ recovered from cecal contents (P > 0.05). After processing, carcass yield and CJ prevalence postchilling was similar in all treatments (P > 0.05). Overall, under the conditions of this study, the addition of YCW during a CJ challenge did not have an impact in growth performance, innate immune response, cecal colonization, carcass yield, or CJ prevalence after processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis R Munoz
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - James T Krehling
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Dianna V Bourassa
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Ruediger Hauck
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Wilmer J Pacheco
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | | | - Kaicie S Chasteen
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Aidan A Talorico
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Cesar Escobar
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Andrea Pietruska
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Ken S Macklin
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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14
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Loughlin S, Costello HM, Roe AJ, Buckley C, Wilson SM, Bailey MA, Mansley MK. Mapping the Transcriptome Underpinning Acute Corticosteroid Action within the Cortical Collecting Duct. Kidney360 2023; 4:226-240. [PMID: 36821614 PMCID: PMC10103384 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0003582022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Key Points We report the transcriptomes associated with acute corticosteroid regulation of ENaC activity in polarized mCCDcl1 collecting duct cells. Nine genes were regulated by aldosterone (ALDO), 0 with corticosterone alone, and 151 with corticosterone when 11βHSD2 activity was inhibited. We validated three novel ALDO-induced genes, Rasd1 , Sult1d1 , and Gm43305 , in primary cells isolated from a novel principal cell reporter mouse. Background Corticosteroids regulate distal nephron and collecting duct (CD) Na+ reabsorption, contributing to fluid-volume and blood pressure homeostasis. The transcriptional landscape underpinning the acute stimulation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) by physiological concentrations of corticosteroids remains unclear. Methods Transcriptomic profiles underlying corticosteroid-stimulated ENaC activity in polarized mCCDcl1 cells were generated by coupling electrophysiological measurements of amiloride-sensitive currents with RNAseq. Generation of a principal cell-specific reporter mouse line, mT/mG -Aqp2Cre, enabled isolation of primary CD principal cells by FACS, and ENaC activity was measured in cultured primary cells after acute application of corticosteroids. Expression of target genes was assessed by qRT-PCR in cultured cells or freshly isolated cells after the acute elevation of steroid hormones in mT/mG -Aqp2Cre mice. Results Physiological relevance of the mCCDcl1 model was confirmed with aldosterone (ALDO)-specific stimulation of SGK1 and ENaC activity. Corticosterone (CORT) only modulated these responses at supraphysiological concentrations or when 11βHSD2 was inhibited. When 11βHSD2 protection was intact, CORT caused no significant change in transcripts. We identified a small number of ALDO-induced transcripts associated with stimulated ENaC activity in mCCDcl1 cells and a much larger number with CORT in the absence of 11βHSD2 activity. Principal cells isolated from mT/mG -Aqp2Cre mice were validated and assessment of identified ALDO-induced genes revealed that Sgk1 , Zbtbt16 , Sult1d1 , Rasd1 , and Gm43305 are acutely upregulated by corticosteroids both in vitro and in vivo . Conclusions This study reports the transcriptome of mCCDcl1 cells and identifies a small number of ALDO-induced genes associated with acute stimulation of ENaC, including three previously undescribed genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Struan Loughlin
- Cellular Medicine Research Division, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah M. Costello
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Roe
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte Buckley
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart M. Wilson
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew A. Bailey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Morag K. Mansley
- Cellular Medicine Research Division, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, United Kingdom
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15
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Bailey MA. Kidney function and cognitive impairment. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:163-164. [PMID: 36537861 PMCID: PMC10103880 DOI: 10.1113/ep091003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Bailey
- Edinburgh Kidney, British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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16
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Czopek A, Moorhouse R, Gallacher PJ, Pugh D, Ivy JR, Farrah TE, Godden E, Hunter RW, Webb DJ, Tharaux PL, Kluth DC, Dear JW, Bailey MA, Dhaun N. Endothelin blockade prevents the long-term cardiovascular and renal sequelae of acute kidney injury in mice. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabf5074. [PMID: 36516266 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abf5074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common and associated with increased risks of cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. Causative molecular/physiological pathways are poorly defined. There are no therapies to improve long-term outcomes. An activated endothelin system promotes cardiovascular and kidney disease progression. We hypothesized a causal role for this in the transition of AKI to chronic disease. Plasma endothelin-1 was threefold higher; urine endothelin-1 was twofold higher; and kidney preproendothelin-1, endothelin-A, and endothelin-B receptor message up-regulated in patients with AKI. To show causality, AKI was induced in mice by prolonged ischemia with a 4-week follow-up. Ischemic injury resulted in hypertension, endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent macrovascular and microvascular dysfunction, and an increase in circulating inflammatory Ly6Chigh monocytes. In the kidney, we observed fibrosis, microvascular rarefaction, and inflammation. Administration of endothelin-A antagonist, but not dual endothelin-A/B antagonist, normalized blood pressure, improved macrovascular and microvascular function, and prevented the transition of AKI to CKD. Endothelin-A blockade reduced circulating and renal proinflammatory Ly6Chigh monocytes and B cells, and promoted recruitment of anti-inflammatory Ly6Clow monocytes to the kidney. Blood pressure reduction alone provided no benefits; blood pressure reduction alongside blockade of the endothelin system was as effective as endothelin-A antagonism in mitigating the long-term sequelae of AKI in mice. Our studies suggest up-regulation of the endothelin system in patients with AKI and show in mice that existing drugs that block the endothelin system, particularly those coupling vascular support and anti-inflammatory action, can prevent the transition of AKI to chronic kidney and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Czopek
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Rebecca Moorhouse
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Peter J Gallacher
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Dan Pugh
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.,Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Jessica R Ivy
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Tariq E Farrah
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.,Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - Emily Godden
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Robert W Hunter
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.,Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK
| | - David J Webb
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Pierre-Louis Tharaux
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), 75015 Paris, France
| | - David C Kluth
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - James W Dear
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Neeraj Dhaun
- Edinburgh Kidney, University/BHF Centre of Research Excellence, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.,Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, UK.,Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), 75015 Paris, France
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17
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Farrah TE, Melville V, Czopek A, Fok H, Bruce L, Mills NL, Bailey MA, Webb DJ, Dear JW, Dhaun N. Arterial stiffness, endothelial dysfunction and impaired fibrinolysis are pathogenic mechanisms contributing to cardiovascular risk in ANCA-associated vasculitis. Kidney Int 2022; 102:1115-1126. [PMID: 35998848 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a complication of systemic inflammatory diseases including anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). The mechanisms of cardiovascular morbidity in AAV are poorly understood, and risk-reduction strategies are lacking. Therefore, in a series of double-blind, randomized case-control forearm plethysmography and crossover systemic interventional studies, we examined arterial stiffness and endothelial function in patients with AAV in long-term disease remission and in matched healthy volunteers (32 each group). The primary outcome for the case-control study was the difference in endothelium-dependent vasodilation between health and AAV, and for the crossover study was the difference in pulse wave velocity (PWV) between treatment with placebo and selective endothelin-A receptor antagonism. Parallel in vitro studies of circulating monocytes and platelets explored mechanisms. Compared to healthy volunteers, patients with AAV had 30% reduced endothelium-dependent vasodilation and 50% reduced acute release of endothelial active tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), both significant in the case-control study. Patients with AAV had significantly increased arterial stiffness (PWV: 7.3 versus 6.4 m/s). Plasma endothelin-1 was two-fold higher in AAV and independently predicted PWV and tPA release. Compared to placebo, both selective endothelin-A and dual endothelin-A/B receptor blockade reduced PWV and increased tPA release in AAV in the crossover study. Mechanistically, patients with AAV had increased platelet activation, more platelet-monocyte aggregates, and altered monocyte endothelin receptor function, reflecting reduced endothelin-1 clearance. Patients with AAV in long-term remission have elevated cardiovascular risk and endothelin-1 contributes to this. Thus, our data support a role for endothelin-blockers to reduce cardiovascular risk by reducing arterial stiffness and increasing circulating tPA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq E Farrah
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Clinical Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK; Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Vanessa Melville
- Clinical Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alicja Czopek
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Henry Fok
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Kings College London, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Lorraine Bruce
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nicholas L Mills
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David J Webb
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Clinical Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James W Dear
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Neeraj Dhaun
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Clinical Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK; Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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18
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Stasinopoulos I, Khan S, MacKay CL, Brown RW, Andrew R, Bailey MA. Imaging of Corticosteroids in Mouse Kidney Using Mass Spectrometry. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r5834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Krilis G, Bailey MA, Ivy JR. Conditional deletion of the glucocorticoid receptor in vascular smooth muscle disrupts the circadian rhythm of vascular reactivity and reduces blood pressure. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r3238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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Loughlin SR, Bailey MA, Mansley MK. Interrogation of Novel Aldosterone‐induced Genes Associated With Acute Stimulation Of ENaC In Primary Collecting Duct Cells. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r4870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew A. Bailey
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburgh
| | - Morag K. Mansley
- Cellular Medicine Research DivisionUniversity of St. AndrewsSt. Andrews
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21
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Nespoux J, Monaghan MT, Jones NK, Denby L, Czopek A, Mullins JJ, Menzies RI, Baker AH, Bailey MA. Sex Difference in Renal Artery Contractility in a Novel CRISPR/Cas9‐Generated P2X7 Knockout Rat. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r5740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josselin Nespoux
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Marie‐Louise T. Monaghan
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceBritish Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Natalie K. Jones
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceBritish Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Laura Denby
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceBritish Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Alicja Czopek
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceBritish Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - John J. Mullins
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceBritish Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Robert I. Menzies
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceBritish Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Andrew H. Baker
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceBritish Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Matthew A. Bailey
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceBritish Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
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22
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Bailey MA, Krilis G, Stewart K, Grenier C. Mice with Brain‐Specific Deletion of
Hsd11b2
have an impaired renal vascular and tubular response to high salt intake. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r5176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Bailey
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburgh
| | - Georgios Krilis
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburgh
| | - Kevin Stewart
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburgh
| | - Celine Grenier
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburgh
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23
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24
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Pal A, Riggs MR, Urrutia A, Osborne RC, Jackson AP, Bailey MA, Macklin KS, Price SB, Buhr RJ, Bourassa DV. Investigation of the potential of aerosolized Salmonella Enteritidis on colonization and persistence in broilers from day 3 to 21. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101504. [PMID: 34710710 PMCID: PMC8561013 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of Salmonella in air of poultry houses has been previously confirmed. Therefore, it is important to investigate the entry of Salmonella into broilers through air. The present study aimed to evaluate different levels of Salmonella Enteritidis aerosol inoculations in broiler chicks for colonization of ceca, trachea, and liver/spleen and persistence over time. In 3 independent trials, 112 one-day-old birds were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 28/group). On d 1 of age, one group was exposed to an aerosol of sterile saline and the remaining three groups were exposed to an aerosol generated from one of 3 doses (103, 106, or 109 CFU/mL) of S. Enteritidis inoculum. Aerosol exposure time was 30 min/group and was performed using a nebulizer. On d 3, 7, 14, and 21 of age, ceca, trachea, and liver/spleen were aseptically removed. Ceca were cultured for Salmonella counts (log10 CFU/g) and all tissues were cultured for Salmonella prevalence. All tissues from the control group were Salmonella negative for all sampling days. On sampling d 3 and 7, ceca Salmonella counts were highest (5.14 and 5.11, respectively) when challenged with 109Salmonella (P ≤ 0.0281). Ceca Salmonella counts increased from d 3 (2.43) to d 7 (4.43), then remained constant when challenged at 103Salmonella, and counts decreased over time for all other groups. Tissue Salmonella prevalence increased with increasing challenge levels at all sampling timepoints (P ≤ 0.0213). Salmonella prevalence was low (0/18 to 4/18) and did not change over time following 103Salmonella challenge (P ≥ 0.2394). Prevalence decreased over time in ceca and trachea following 106 and 109Salmonella challenge (P ≤ 0.0483). Liver/spleen Salmonella prevalence increased from d 3 (13/18) to d 14 (18/18) and then decreased at d 21 (10/18) in birds exposed to an aerosol of 109Salmonella but remained constant over time for rest of the Salmonella inoculated groups. Overall, this study demonstrated the Salmonella colonization and persistence in different tissues in broilers following exposure to aerosolized Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Pal
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Montana R Riggs
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Andrea Urrutia
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Rachel C Osborne
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Alexandra P Jackson
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Kenneth S Macklin
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Stuart B Price
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - R Jeffrey Buhr
- USDA-ARS, US National Poultry Research Center, Athens GA 30605-2720, USA
| | - Dianna V Bourassa
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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Lefthériotis G, Wray S, Girardi ACC, Vidal-Petiot E, Bailey MA, Schechtman D, Ravi N, Noble D. Editorial: The Tribute of Physiology for the Understanding of COVID-19 Disease. Front Physiol 2021; 12:761644. [PMID: 34650450 PMCID: PMC8506928 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.761644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan Wray
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Adriana Castello Costa Girardi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Matthew A Bailey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nistala Ravi
- University of Missouri, Columbia, KY, United States
| | - Denis Noble
- University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Bailey MA. Salbutamol and salt-sensitive hypertension. Kidney Int 2021; 100:272-275. [PMID: 34294206 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Salbutamol activates the NaCl cotransporter of the distal convoluted tubule. Salbutamol, in conjunction with high salt intake, induced hypertension in mice, rescued by thiazide therapy. Phosphoproteomics identified protein phosphatase 1/inhibitor 1 as a distinct regulatory node for NaCl cotransporter activation by salbutamol, which did not activate the transporter in inhibitor 1 knockout mice. Salbutamol is widely used in respiratory medicine, and the acquisition of salt sensitivity may be relevant to understanding cardiovascular risk in certain patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Bailey
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Brooks LA, Bailey MA, Krehling JT, Chasteen KS, Macklin KS. A Comparison of Colonizing Ability Between Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Heidelberg in Broiler Chickens Challenged Through Feed Administration. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2021; 18:784-789. [PMID: 34287066 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2021.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With over 1 million estimated cases per year in the United States, foodborne salmonellosis is an important public health issue. Chicken products are frequent sources of foodborne Salmonella infection. These bacteria readily colonize the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens, and feed is a known vector. Past research has demonstrated that the survivability of Salmonella in feed is dependent on the serovar and strain. Therefore, the objective of this research was to compare colonization incidence of these two serovars in broiler chicken tissues by administration of feed contaminated with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) or Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg (SH). A comparison was made with equal conditions so that there was no influence of other factors. Birds were inoculated by addition of Salmonella to the feed (1 × 104 colony-forming unit [CFU]/g of feed) at 14 days of age, and the following tissue samples were collected from each bird after grow-out (days 34-41 depending on the trial): abdominal cavity swab, bone marrow swab, cloaca swab, lung swab, breast, bursa and thymus, ceca, crop, kidney, liver and spleen, skin, spinal cord, thigh, and trachea. A higher percentage of birds inoculated with SE were positive in at least one tissue compared with SH (68% and 9%, respectively), and the SE inoculated birds also showed a higher number of positive tissue samples than SH (13.1% and 0.7%, respectively). Recovery of SH was low for all tissue samples. However, recovery of SE was variable between samples, with ceca showing the highest percentage (50%). These results indicate that challenge at day 14 through feed administration results in greater colonization by SE compared with SH, suggesting that monitoring and control methods for Salmonella in feed should focus on SE to have the greatest positive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasheda A Brooks
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - James T Krehling
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Kaicie S Chasteen
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Kenneth S Macklin
- Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
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Pal A, Bailey MA, Talorico AA, Krehling JT, Macklin KS, Price SB, Buhr RJ, Bourassa DV. Impact of poultry litter Salmonella levels and moisture on transfer of Salmonella through associated in vitro generated dust. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101236. [PMID: 34175801 PMCID: PMC8242052 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dust present in poultry houses can contain high concentrations of microorganisms and has the potential to include pathogens from the litter. The objective of this study was to examine in vitro the potential for litter to dust transfer of aerobic bacteria, Salmonella, E. coli, and coliforms, and the role of the litter moisture on this process. Poultry litter was inoculated with 102 to 109 CFU/mL of Salmonella Typhimurium to evaluate litter to dust transfer of bacteria (Experiment 1). To evaluate the effect of litter moisture on litter to dust microbial transfer (Experiment 2), litter was inoculated with 109S. Typhimurium with increasing amounts of sterilized water added for moisture adjustment. Dust was generated by blowing air in a direct stream onto inoculated litter while simultaneously collecting dust through impingement. Following litter and dust sample collection, microbial analyses for aerobic plate counts (APC),Salmonella, E. coli, and coliforms were conducted. Both experiments were repeated 5 times and their data analyzed by one-way ANOVA and simple logistic regression. In Experiment 1, APC of litter (log10 CFU/g) and dust samples (log10 CFU/L) were 10.55 and 4.92, respectively. Salmonella ranged from 1.70 to 6.16 log10 CFU/g in litter and only one dust sample had 1.10 log10 CFU/L of Salmonella. As Salmonella levels in litter increased, the probability of obtaining a dust Salmonella positive result also increased. In Experiment 2, attained moisture percentages were 13.0, 18.2, 23.0, 28.2, and 33.3%. Litter recovery for APC, Salmonella, E. coli, and coliforms counts did not differ (P > 0.05) with increasing moisture levels. Dust sample bacterial counts significantly decreased with increasing moisture levels (P < 0.0001). Results from this in vitro study indicate that there is potential for Salmonella to be present in generated dust and the higher levels of Salmonella in litter increase the likelihood of detecting Salmonella in dust. Additionally, with higher litter moisture percentage, prevalence of Salmonella in generated dust was decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Pal
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Aidan A Talorico
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - James T Krehling
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Kenneth S Macklin
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Stuart B Price
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Richard Jeff Buhr
- USDA-ARS, US National Poultry Research Center, Athens GA 30605-2720, USA
| | - Dianna V Bourassa
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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Toner AJ, Bailey MA, Schug SA, Corcoran TB. A pilot multicentre randomised controlled trial of lidocaine infusion in women undergoing breast cancer surgery. Anaesthesia 2021; 76:1326-1341. [PMID: 33651896 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Chronic postoperative pain is common after breast cancer surgery. Peri-operative lidocaine infusion may prevent the development of chronic postoperative pain, but a large-scale trial is required to test this hypothesis. It is unclear whether a pragmatic, multicentre trial design that is consistent with expert guidance, addresses the limitations of previous studies, and overcomes existing translational barriers is safe, effective and feasible. We conducted a double-blind, randomised controlled pilot study in 150 patients undergoing breast cancer surgery across three hospitals in Western Australia. Patients received lidocaine, or equivalent volumes of saline, as an intravenous bolus (1.5 mg.kg-1 ) and infusion (2 mg.kg-1 .h-1 ) intra-operatively, and a subcutaneous infusion (1.33 mg.kg-1 .h-1 ) postoperatively for up to 12 h on a standard surgical ward, with novel safety monitoring tools in place. The co-primary outcomes were: in-hospital safety events; serum levels of lidocaine during intravenous and subcutaneous infusion; and annualised enrolment rates per site with long-term data capture. In-hospital safety events were rare, and similar in the placebo and lidocaine arms (3% vs. 1%). Median (IQR [range]) serum lidocaine levels during intravenous (2.16 (1.74-2.83 [1.12-6.06]) µg.ml-1 , n = 41) and subcutaneous (1.52 (1.28-1.83 [0.64-2.85]) µg.ml-1 , n = 48) infusion were comparable with previous trials reporting improved pain outcomes. Annualised enrolment approximated 50 patients per site per year, with high levels of protocol adherence and ≥ 99% capture of outcomes at 3 and 6 months. The adjusted odds ratio (95%CI) for postoperative pain at 6 months in the lidocaine arm was 0.790 (0.370-1.684). We conclude that this trial, as designed, is safe, effective and feasible in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery, and a larger-scale trial is planned.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Toner
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - M A Bailey
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Taranaki Base Hospital, New Plymouth, New Zealand
| | - S A Schug
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - T B Corcoran
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
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Abstract
Blood pressure follows a daily rhythm, dipping during nocturnal sleep in humans. Attenuation of this dip (nondipping) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Renal control of sodium homeostasis is essential for long-term blood pressure control. Sodium reabsorption and excretion have rhythms that rely on predictive/circadian as well as reactive adaptations. We explore how these rhythms might contribute to blood pressure rhythm in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Ivy
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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31
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Monaghan MLT, Bailey MA, Unwin RJ. Purinergic signalling in the kidney: In physiology and disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 187:114389. [PMID: 33359067 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Historically, the control of renal vascular and tubular function has, for the most part, concentrated on neural and endocrine regulation. However, in addition to these extrinsic factors, it is now appreciated that several complex humoral control systems exist within the kidney that can act in an autocrine and/or paracrine fashion. These paracrine systems complement neuroendocrine regulation by dynamically fine-tuning renal vascular and tubular function to buffer rapid changes in nephron perfusion and flow rate of tubular fluid. One of the most pervasive is the extracellular nucleotide/P2 receptor system, which is central to many of the intrinsic regulatory feedback loops within the kidney such as renal haemodynamic autoregulation and tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF). Although physiological actions of extracellular adenine nucleotides were reported almost 100 years ago, the conceptual framework for purinergic regulation of renal function owes much to the work of Geoffrey Burnstock. In this review, we reflect on our >20-year collaboration with Professor Burnstock and highlight the research that is still unlocking the potential of the renal purinergic system to understand and treat kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Louise T Monaghan
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J Unwin
- The Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, United Kingdom.
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32
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Scullion KM, Vliegenthart ADB, Rivoli L, Oosthuyzen W, Farrah TE, Czopek A, Webb DJ, Hunter RW, Bailey MA, Dhaun N, Dear JW. Circulating argonaute-bound microRNA-126 reports vascular dysfunction and treatment response in acute and chronic kidney disease. iScience 2020; 24:101937. [PMID: 33392483 PMCID: PMC7773582 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular and kidney dysfunction commonly co-exist. There is a need for biomarkers of vascular health. Circulating microRNAs are biomarkers; miR-126 is endothelial cell-enriched. We measured circulating miR-126 in rats with nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN) and humans with acute endothelial and renal injury (vasculitis associated with autoantibodies to neutrophil cytoplasm antigens (ANCAs)). We compared these findings to those from patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and explored the relationship between miR-126 and vascular dysfunction. In NTN, miR-126 was reduced. In ANCA vasculitis (N = 70), pre-treatment miR-126 was reduced compared to health (N = 60) (88-fold). miR-126 increased 3.4-fold post-treatment but remained lower than in health (∼26-fold). Argonaute 2-bound miR-126 increased with ANCA vasculitis treatment. miR-126 did not differ between CKD (N = 30) and health but its concentration correlated with endothelial dysfunction. miR-126 was reduced in ESRD (N = 15) (∼350 fold). miR-126 may be a marker of vascular inflammation and could aid decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Scullion
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - A D Bastiaan Vliegenthart
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Laura Rivoli
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Wilna Oosthuyzen
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Tariq E Farrah
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Alicja Czopek
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - David J Webb
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Robert W Hunter
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Neeraj Dhaun
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - James W Dear
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
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Matthews O, Morrison EE, Tranter JD, Starkey Lewis P, Toor IS, Srivastava A, Sargeant R, Rollison H, Matchett KP, Kendall TJ, Gray GA, Goldring C, Park K, Denby L, Dhaun N, Bailey MA, Henderson NC, Williams D, Dear JW. Transfer of hepatocellular microRNA regulates cytochrome P450 2E1 in renal tubular cells. EBioMedicine 2020; 62:103092. [PMID: 33232872 PMCID: PMC7689533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular microRNAs enter kidney cells and modify gene expression. We used a Dicer-hepatocyte-specific microRNA conditional-knock-out (Dicer-CKO) mouse to investigate microRNA transfer from liver to kidney. METHODS Dicerflox/flox mice were treated with a Cre recombinase-expressing adenovirus (AAV8) to selectively inhibit hepatocyte microRNA production (Dicer-CKO). Organ microRNA expression was measured in health and following paracetamol toxicity. The functional consequence of hepatic microRNA transfer was determined by measuring the expression and activity of cytochrome P450 2E1 (target of the hepatocellular miR-122), and by measuring the effect of serum extracellular vesicles (ECVs) on proximal tubular cell injury. In humans with liver injury we measured microRNA expression in urinary ECVs. A murine model of myocardial infarction was used as a non-hepatic model of microRNA release. FINDINGS Dicer-CKO mice demonstrated a decrease in kidney miR-122 in the absence of other microRNA changes. During hepatotoxicity, miR-122 increased in kidney tubular cells; this was abolished in Dicer-CKO mice. Depletion of hepatocyte microRNA increased kidney cytochrome P450 2E1 expression and activity. Serum ECVs from mice with hepatotoxicity increased proximal tubular cell miR-122 and prevented cisplatin toxicity. miR-122 increased in urinary ECVs during human hepatotoxicity. Transfer of microRNA was not restricted to liver injury -miR-499 was released following cardiac injury and correlated with an increase in the kidney. INTERPRETATION Physiological transfer of functional microRNA to the kidney is increased by liver injury and this signalling represents a new paradigm for understanding the relationship between liver injury and renal function. FUNDING Kidney Research UK, Medical Research Scotland, Medical Research Council.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Matthews
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Emma E Morrison
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - John D Tranter
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Starkey Lewis
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Iqbal S Toor
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Abhishek Srivastava
- AstraZeneca, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences Department, Biopharmaceuticals Science Unit, Darwin Building 310, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Rd, Cambridge, CB4 0FZ. United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Sargeant
- AstraZeneca, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences Department, Biopharmaceuticals Science Unit, Darwin Building 310, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Rd, Cambridge, CB4 0FZ. United Kingdom
| | - Helen Rollison
- AstraZeneca, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences Department, Biopharmaceuticals Science Unit, Darwin Building 310, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Rd, Cambridge, CB4 0FZ. United Kingdom
| | - Kylie P Matchett
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy J Kendall
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian A Gray
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Goldring
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Park
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Denby
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Neeraj Dhaun
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Neil C Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom; MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Williams
- AstraZeneca, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences Department, Biopharmaceuticals Science Unit, Darwin Building 310, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Rd, Cambridge, CB4 0FZ. United Kingdom
| | - James W Dear
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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Tavares CAM, Bailey MA, Girardi ACC. Biological Context Linking Hypertension and Higher Risk for COVID-19 Severity. Front Physiol 2020; 11:599729. [PMID: 33329052 PMCID: PMC7710931 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.599729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), represents a public health crisis of major proportions. Advanced age, male gender, and the presence of comorbidities have emerged as risk factors for severe illness or death from COVID-19 in observation studies. Hypertension is one of the most common comorbidities in patients with COVID-19. Indeed, hypertension has been shown to be associated with increased risk for mortality, acute respiratory distress syndrome, need for intensive care unit admission, and disease progression in COVID-19 patients. However, up to the present time, the precise mechanisms of how hypertension may lead to the more severe manifestations of disease in patients with COVID-19 remains unknown. This review aims to present the biological plausibility linking hypertension and higher risk for COVID-19 severity. Emphasis is given to the role of the renin-angiotensin system and its inhibitors, given the crucial role that this system plays in both viral transmissibility and the pathophysiology of arterial hypertension. We also describe the importance of the immune system, which is dysregulated in hypertension and SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the potential involvement of the multifunctional enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), that, in addition to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), may contribute to the SARS-CoV-2 entrance into target cells. The role of hemodynamic changes in hypertension that might aggravate myocardial injury in the setting of COVID-19, including endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and left ventricle hypertrophy, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio A M Tavares
- Geriatric Cardiology Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Adriana C C Girardi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ralph AF, Grenier C, Costello HM, Stewart K, Ivy JR, Dhaun N, Bailey MA. Activation of the Sympathetic Nervous System Promotes Blood Pressure Salt-Sensitivity in C57BL6/J Mice. Hypertension 2020; 77:158-168. [PMID: 33190558 PMCID: PMC7720873 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Global salt intake averages >8 g/person per day, over twice the limit advocated by the American Heart Association. Dietary salt excess leads to hypertension, and this partly mediates its poor health outcomes. In ≈30% of people, the hypertensive response to salt is exaggerated. This salt-sensitivity increases cardiovascular risk. Mechanistic cardiovascular research relies heavily on rodent models and the C57BL6/J mouse is the most widely used reference strain. We examined the effects of high salt intake on blood pressure, renal, and vascular function in the most commonly used and commercially available C57BL6/J mouse strain. Changing from control (0.3% Na+) to high salt (3% Na+) diet increased systolic blood pressure in male mice by ≈10 mm Hg within 4 days of dietary switch. This hypertensive response was maintained over the 3-week study period. Returning to control diet gradually reduced blood pressure back to baseline. High-salt diet caused a rapid and sustained downregulation in mRNA encoding renal NHE3 (sodium-hydrogen-exchanger 3) and EnaC (epithelial sodium channel), although we did not observe a suppression in aldosterone until ≈7 days. During the development of salt-sensitivity, the acute pressure natriuresis relationship was augmented and neutral sodium balance was maintained throughout. High-salt diet increased ex vivo sensitivity of the renal artery to phenylephrine and increased urinary excretion of adrenaline, but not noradrenaline. The acute blood pressure-depressor effect of hexamethonium, a ganglionic blocker, was enhanced by high salt. Salt-sensitivity in commercially sourced C57BL6/J mice is attributable to sympathetic overactivity, increased adrenaline, and enhanced vascular sensitivity to alpha-adrenoreceptor activation and not sodium retention or attenuation of the acute pressure natriuresis response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailsa F Ralph
- From the University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Celine Grenier
- From the University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah M Costello
- From the University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Stewart
- From the University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica R Ivy
- From the University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Neeraj Dhaun
- From the University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- From the University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Czopek A, Moorhouse R, Guyonnet L, Farrah T, Lenoir O, Owen E, van Bragt J, Costello HM, Menolascina F, Baudrie V, Webb DJ, Kluth DC, Bailey MA, Tharaux PL, Dhaun N. A novel role for myeloid endothelin-B receptors in hypertension. Eur Heart J 2020; 40:768-784. [PMID: 30657897 PMCID: PMC6396028 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Hypertension is common. Recent data suggest that macrophages (Mφ) contribute to, and protect from, hypertension. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is the most potent endogenous vasoconstrictor with additional pro-inflammatory properties. We investigated the role of the ET system in experimental and clinical hypertension by modifying Mφ number and phenotype. METHODS AND RESULTS In vitro, Mφ ET receptor function was explored using pharmacological, gene silencing, and knockout approaches. Using the CD11b-DTR mouse and novel mice with myeloid cell-specific endothelin-B (ETB) receptor deficiency (LysMETB-/-), we explored the effects of modifying Mφ number and phenotype on the hypertensive effects of ET-1, angiotensin II (ANG II), a model that is ET-1 dependent, and salt. In patients with small vessel vasculitis, the impacts of Mφ depleting and non-depleting therapies on blood pressure (BP) and endothelial function were examined. Mouse and human Mφ expressed both endothelin-A and ETB receptors and displayed chemokinesis to ET-1. However, stimulation of Mφ with exogenous ET-1 did not polarize Mφ phenotype. Interestingly, both mouse and human Mφ cleared ET-1 through ETB receptor mediated, and dynamin-dependent, endocytosis. Mφ depletion resulted in an augmented chronic hypertensive response to both ET-1 and salt. LysMETB-/- mice displayed an exaggerated hypertensive response to both ET-1 and ANG II. Finally, in patients who received Mφ depleting immunotherapy BP was higher and endothelial function worse than in those receiving non-depleting therapies. CONCLUSION Mφ and ET-1 may play an important role in BP control and potentially have a critical role as a therapeutic target in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Czopek
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rebecca Moorhouse
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Léa Guyonnet
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre - PARCC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Tariq Farrah
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Olivia Lenoir
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre - PARCC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Elizabeth Owen
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Job van Bragt
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hannah M Costello
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Filippo Menolascina
- School of Engineering & SynthSys, Institute for Bioengineering, Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Véronique Baudrie
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre - PARCC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - David J Webb
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David C Kluth
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pierre-Louis Tharaux
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre - PARCC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Neeraj Dhaun
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK.,Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre - PARCC, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
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Martins FL, Bailey MA, Girardi ACC. Endogenous Activation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Contributes to Blood Pressure Control: Role of Proximal Tubule Na +/H + Exchanger Isoform 3, Renal Angiotensin II, and Insulin Sensitivity. Hypertension 2020; 76:839-848. [PMID: 32755467 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.14868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacological administration of GLP-1R (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor) agonists reduces blood pressure (BP) in type 2 diabetes mellitus and nondiabetic patients. This study tested the hypothesis that endogenous GLP-1R signaling influences the regulation of BP. To this end, SHRs (spontaneously hypertensive rats) and Wistar rats were treated with the GLP-1R antagonist Ex9 (exendin-9) or vehicle for 4 weeks. Rats receiving the GLP-1R agonist Ex4 (exenatide) were used as an additional control. We found that blockade of baseline GLP-1R signaling by Ex9 increased systolic BP in both SHR and Wistar rats, compared with vehicle-treated animals, while Ex4 only reduced systolic BP in SHR. Higher systolic BP induced by Ex9 was accompanied by reduced lithium clearance and lower levels of NHE3 (Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 3) phosphorylation at the serine 552, indicative of increased proximal tubule sodium reabsorption. Additionally, urinary AGT (angiotensinogen) and renal cortical concentration of Ang II (angiotensin II) were enhanced by Ex9. Conversely, Ex4 decreased both urinary AGT and cortical Ang II but exclusively in SHRs. Moreover, both SHR and Wistar rats treated with Ex9 displayed hyperinsulinemia as compared with vehicle-treated rats, whereas Ex4 reduced fasting insulin concentration in SHR. Collectively, these results suggest that endogenous GLP-1R signaling exerts a physiologically relevant effect on BP control, which may be attributable, in part, to its tonic actions on the proximal tubule NHE3-mediated sodium reabsorption, intrarenal renin-angiotensin system, and insulin sensitivity. The possible role of impaired GLP-1R signaling in the pathogenesis of hypertension warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia L Martins
- From the Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil (F.L.M., A.C.C.G.)
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (M.A.B.)
| | - Adriana C C Girardi
- From the Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil (F.L.M., A.C.C.G.)
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Bailey MA. Salt‐sensitive hypertension and the immune system. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:767-768. [DOI: 10.1113/ep088533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Bailey
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
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Abstract
There have been significant recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms that maintain potassium homoeostasis and the clinical consequences of hyperkalemia. In this article we discuss these advances within a concise review of the pathophysiology, risk factors and consequences of hyperkalemia. We highlight aspects that are of particular relevance for clinical practice. Hyperkalemia occurs when renal potassium excretion is limited by reductions in glomerular filtration rate, tubular flow, distal sodium delivery or the expression of aldosterone-sensitive ion transporters in the distal nephron. Accordingly, the major risk factors for hyperkalemia are renal failure, diabetes mellitus, adrenal disease and the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers or potassium-sparing diuretics. Hyperkalemia is associated with an increased risk of death, and this is only in part explicable by hyperkalemia-induced cardiac arrhythmia. In addition to its well-established effects on cardiac excitability, hyperkalemia could also contribute to peripheral neuropathy and cause renal tubular acidosis. Hyperkalemia-or the fear of hyperkalemia-contributes to the underprescription of potentially beneficial medications, particularly in heart failure. The newer potassium binders could play a role in attempts to minimize reduced prescribing of renin-angiotensin inhibitors and mineraolocorticoid antagonists in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Hunter
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, UK
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40
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Straw S, Waduud MA, Drozd M, Warman P, Bailey MA, Hammond CJ, Abdel-Rahman S, Witte KK, Scott D. The role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing and echocardiography prior to elective endovascular aneurysm repair. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2020; 102:383-390. [PMID: 32233869 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2020.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) are common preparative investigations prior to elective endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Whether these investigations can predict survival following EVAR and contribute to shared decision making is unknown. METHODS Patients who underwent EVAR at a tertiary centre between June 2007 and December 2014 were identified from the National Vascular Registry. Variables obtained from preoperative investigations were assessed for their association with survival at three years. Regression analysis was used to determine variables that independently predicted survival at three years. RESULTS A total of 199 patients underwent EVAR during the study period. Of these, 120 had preoperative CPET and 123 had TTE. Lower forced expiratory ventilation (FEV1), ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity, work at peak oxygen consumption and higher ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide were associated with increased mortality. Variables obtained from TTE were not associated with survival at three years although there was a low incidence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction and significant valvular disease in this cohort. CONCLUSIONS CPET might be a useful adjunct to assist in shared decision making in patients undergoing elective EVAR and may influence anaesthetic technique. TTE does not appear to be able to discriminate between high and low risk individuals. However, a low rate of significant ventricular dysfunction and valvular disease in patients undergoing elective EVAR may account for these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - P Warman
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Dja Scott
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
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41
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Jones NK, Stewart K, Czopek A, Menzies RI, Thomson A, Moran CM, Cairns C, Conway BR, Denby L, Livingstone DEW, Wiseman J, Hadoke PW, Webb DJ, Dhaun N, Dear JW, Mullins JJ, Bailey MA. Endothelin-1 Mediates the Systemic and Renal Hemodynamic Effects of GPR81 Activation. Hypertension 2020; 75:1213-1222. [PMID: 32200679 PMCID: PMC7176350 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. GPR81 (G-protein-coupled receptor 81) is highly expressed in adipocytes, and activation by the endogenous ligand lactate inhibits lipolysis. GPR81 is also expressed in the heart, liver, and kidney, but roles in nonadipose tissues are poorly defined. GPR81 agonists, developed to improve blood lipid profile, might also provide insights into GPR81 physiology. Here, we assessed the blood pressure and renal hemodynamic responses to the GPR81 agonist, AZ′5538. In male wild-type mice, intravenous AZ′5538 infusion caused a rapid and sustained increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Renal artery blood flow, intrarenal tissue perfusion, and glomerular filtration rate were all significantly reduced. AZ′5538 had no effect on blood pressure or renal hemodynamics in Gpr81−/− mice. Gpr81 mRNA was expressed in renal artery vascular smooth muscle, in the afferent arteriole, in glomerular and medullary perivascular cells, and in pericyte-like cells isolated from kidney. Intravenous AZ′5538 increased plasma ET-1 (endothelin 1), and pretreatment with BQ123 (endothelin-A receptor antagonist) prevented the pressor effects of GPR81 activation, whereas BQ788 (endothelin-B receptor antagonist) did not. Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, which increases renal extracellular lactate, increased the renal expression of genes encoding ET-1, KIM-1 (Kidney Injury Molecule 1), collagen type 1-α1, TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α), and F4/80 in wild-type mice but not in Gpr81−/− mice. In summary, activation of GPR81 in vascular smooth muscle and perivascular cells regulates renal hemodynamics, mediated by release of the potent vasoconstrictor ET-1. This suggests that lactate may be a paracrine regulator of renal blood flow, particularly relevant when extracellular lactate is high as occurs during ischemic renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie K Jones
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - Kevin Stewart
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - Alicja Czopek
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - Robert I Menzies
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - Adrian Thomson
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - Carmel M Moran
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - Carolynn Cairns
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - Bryan R Conway
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - Laura Denby
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - Dawn E W Livingstone
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - John Wiseman
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Gothenburg, Sweden (J.W.)
| | - Patrick W Hadoke
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - David J Webb
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - Neeraj Dhaun
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - James W Dear
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - John J Mullins
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- From the University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (N.K.J., K.S., A.C., R.I.M., A.T., C.M.M., C.C., B.R.C., L.D., D.E.W.L., P.W.H., D.J.W., N.D., J.W.D., J.J.M., M.A.B.)
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O'Sullivan J, Finnie SL, Teenan O, Cairns C, Boyd A, Bailey MA, Thomson A, Hughes J, Bénézech C, Conway BR, Denby L. Refining the Mouse Subtotal Nephrectomy in Male 129S2/SV Mice for Consistent Modeling of Progressive Kidney Disease With Renal Inflammation and Cardiac Dysfunction. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1365. [PMID: 31803059 PMCID: PMC6872545 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prevalent worldwide and is associated with significant co-morbidities including cardiovascular disease (CVD). Traditionally, the subtotal nephrectomy (remnant kidney) experimental model has been performed in rats to model progressive renal disease. The model experimentally mimics CKD by reducing nephron number, resulting in renal insufficiency. Presently, there is a lack of translation of pre-clinical findings into successful clinical results. The pre-clinical nephrology field would benefit from reproducible progressive renal disease models in mice in order to avail of more widely available transgenics and experimental tools to dissect mechanisms of disease. Here we evaluate if a simplified single step subtotal nephrectomy (STNx) model performed in the 129S2/SV mouse can recapitulate the renal and cardiac changes observed in patients with CKD in a reproducible and robust way. The single step STNx surgery was well-tolerated and resulted in clinically relevant outcomes including hypertension, increased urinary albumin:creatinine ratio, and significantly increased serum creatinine, phosphate and urea. STNx mice developed significant left ventricular hypertrophy without reduced ejection fraction or cardiac fibrosis. Analysis of intra-renal inflammation revealed persistent recruitment of Ly6Chi monocytes transitioning to pro-fibrotic inflammatory macrophages in STNx kidneys. Unlike 129S2/SV mice, C57BL/6 mice exhibited renal fibrosis without proteinuria, renal dysfunction, or cardiac pathology. Therefore, the 129S2/SV genetic background is susceptible to induction of progressive proteinuric renal disease and cardiac hypertrophy using our refined, single-step flank STNx method. This reproducible model could be used to study the systemic pathophysiological changes induced by CKD in the kidney and the heart, intra-renal inflammation and for testing new therapies for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O'Sullivan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Louise Finnie
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Teenan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Carolynn Cairns
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Boyd
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Thomson
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,Centre for Inflammation, Queen's Medical Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Hughes
- Centre for Inflammation, Queen's Medical Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Cécile Bénézech
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Bryan Ronald Conway
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Denby
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Mansley MK, Roe AJ, Francis SL, Gill JH, Bailey MA, Wilson SM. Trichostatin A blocks aldosterone-induced Na + transport and control of serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 in cortical collecting duct cells. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:4708-4719. [PMID: 31423568 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Aldosterone stimulates epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC)-dependent Na+ retention in the cortical collecting duct (CCD) of the kidney by activating mineralocorticoid receptors that promote expression of serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1). This response is critical to BP homeostasis. It has previously been suggested that inhibiting lysine deacetylases (KDACs) can post-transcriptionally disrupt this response by promoting acetylation of the mineralocorticoid receptor. The present study critically evaluates this hypothesis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Electrometric and molecular methods were used to define the effects of a pan-KDAC inhibitor, trichostatin A, on the responses to a physiologically relevant concentration of aldosterone (3 nM) in murine mCCDcl1 cells. KEY RESULTS Aldosterone augmented ENaC-induced Na+ absorption and increased SGK1 activity and abundance, as expected. In the presence of trichostatin A, these responses were suppressed. Trichostatin A-induced inhibition of KDAC was confirmed by increased acetylation of histone H3, H4, and α-tubulin. Trichostatin A did not block the electrometric response to insulin, a hormone that activates SGK1 independently of increased transcription, indicating that trichostatin A has no direct effect upon the SGK1/ENaC pathway. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Inhibition of lysine de-acetylation suppresses aldosterone-dependent control over the SGK1-ENaC pathway but does not perturb post-transcriptional signalling, providing a physiological basis for the anti-hypertensive action of KDAC inhibition seen in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morag K Mansley
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, UK.,Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew J Roe
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, UK
| | - Sarah L Francis
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, UK
| | - Jason H Gill
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, UK
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stuart M Wilson
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, UK
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44
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Ivy JR, Jones NK, Costello HM, Mansley MK, Peltz TS, Flatman PW, Bailey MA. Glucocorticoid receptor activation stimulates the sodium-chloride cotransporter and influences the diurnal rhythm of its phosphorylation. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F1536-F1548. [PMID: 31588796 PMCID: PMC6962506 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00372.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC) in the distal convoluted tubule contributes importantly to sodium balance and blood pressure (BP) regulation. NCC phosphorylation determines transport activity and has a diurnal rhythm influenced by glucocorticoids. Disturbing this rhythm induces “nondipping” BP, an abnormality that increases cardiovascular risk. The receptor through which glucocorticoids regulate NCC is not known. In this study, we found that acute administration of corticosterone to male C57BL6 mice doubled NCC phosphorylation without affecting total NCC abundance in both adrenalectomized and adrenal-intact mice. Corticosterone also increased the whole kidney expression of canonical clock genes: period circadian protein homolog 1 (Per1), Per2, cryptochrome 1, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1. In adrenal-intact mice, chronic blockade of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) with RU486 did not change total NCC but prevented corticosterone-induced NCC phosphorylation and activation of clock genes. Blockade of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) with spironolactone reduced the total pool of NCC but did not affect stimulation by corticosterone. The diurnal rhythm of NCC phosphorylation, measured at 6-h intervals, was blunted by chronic GR blockade, and a similar dampening of diurnal variation was seen in GR heterozygous null mice. These effects on NCC phosphorylation did not reflect altered rhythmicity of plasma corticosterone or serum and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 activity. Both mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids emerge as regulators of NCC, acting via distinct receptor pathways. MR activation provides maintenance of the NCC protein pool; GR activation dynamically regulates NCC phosphorylation and establishes the diurnal rhythm of NCC activity. This study has implications for circadian BP homeostasis, particularly in individuals with abnormal glucocorticoid signaling as is found in chronic stress and corticosteroid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ruth Ivy
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie K Jones
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah M Costello
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Morag K Mansley
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Theresa S Peltz
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Peter W Flatman
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh Medical School, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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45
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Jones AD, Waduud MA, Walker P, Stocken D, Bailey MA, Scott DJA. Meta-analysis of fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair versus open surgical repair of juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms over the last 10 years. BJS Open 2019; 3:572-584. [PMID: 31592091 PMCID: PMC6773647 DOI: 10.1002/bjs5.50178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms pose a significant challenge whether managed endovascularly or by open surgery. Fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair (FEVAR) is now well established, but few studies have compared it with open surgical repair (OSR). The aim of this systematic review was to compare short‐ and long‐term outcomes of FEVAR and OSR for the management of juxtarenal aortic aneurysms. Methods A literature search was conducted of the Ovid Medline, EMBASE and PubMed databases. Reasons for exclusion were series with fewer than 20 patients, studies published before 2007 and those concerning ruptured aneurysms. Owing to variance in definitions, the terms ‘juxta/para/suprarenal’ were used; thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms were excluded. Primary outcomes were 30‐day/in‐hospital mortality and renal insufficiency. Secondary outcomes included major complication rates, rate of reintervention and rates of endoleak. Results Twenty‐seven studies were identified, involving 2974 patients. Study designs included 11 case series, 14 series within retrospective cohort studies, one case–control study and a single prospective non‐randomized trial. The pooled early postoperative mortality rate following FEVAR was 3·3 (95 per cent c.i. 2·0 to 5·0) per cent, compared with 4·2 (2·9 to 5·7) per cent after OSR. After FEVAR, the rate of postoperative renal insufficiency was 16·2 (10·4 to 23·0) per cent, compared with 23·8 (15·2 to 33·6) per cent after OSR. The major early complication rate following FEVAR was 23·1 (16·8 to 30·1) per cent versus 43·5 (34·4 to 52·8) per cent after OSR. The rate of late reintervention after FEVAR was higher than that after OSR: 11·1 (6·7 to 16·4) versus 2·0 (0·6 to 4·3) per cent respectively. Conclusion No significant difference was noted in 30‐day mortality; however, FEVAR was associated with significantly lower morbidity than OSR. Long‐term durability is a concern, with far higher reintervention rates after FEVAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Jones
- The Leeds Vascular Institute Leeds General Infirmary Leeds UK
| | - M A Waduud
- The Leeds Vascular Institute Leeds General Infirmary Leeds UK.,The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine University of Leeds Leeds UK
| | - P Walker
- The Leeds Vascular Institute Leeds General Infirmary Leeds UK
| | - D Stocken
- The Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research University of Leeds Leeds UK
| | - M A Bailey
- The Leeds Vascular Institute Leeds General Infirmary Leeds UK.,The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine University of Leeds Leeds UK
| | - D J A Scott
- The Leeds Vascular Institute Leeds General Infirmary Leeds UK.,The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine University of Leeds Leeds UK
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46
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Mansley MK, Bailey MA. Corticosteroid Regulation of ENaC‐Mediated Na
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Transport in a Cellular Model of the Cortical Collecting Duct. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.751.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morag K Mansley
- Centre For Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Centre For Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
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47
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Czopek A, Stewart K, Moorhouse R, Bailey MA, Dhaun N. The Role of the Endothelin System in the Progression of Acute Kidney Injury to Chronic Kidney Disease. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.748.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Czopek
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe Queen's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Kevin Stewart
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe Queen's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Moorhouse
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe Queen's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe Queen's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Neeraj Dhaun
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe Queen's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
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48
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Bailey MA, Costello HM, Stewart K, Binnie D, Culshaw GC, Webb DJ. Acute SGLT2 Inhibition and the Pressure Natriuresis Response in Rats with Type 1 Diabetes. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.569.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Bailey
- Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Hannah M Costello
- Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Kevin Stewart
- Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - David Binnie
- Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | | | - David J Webb
- Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
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49
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Costello HM, Stewart K, Jones NK, Grenier C, Ralph AF, Livingstone DEW, Dhaun N, Bailey MA. Mechanisms of Salt‐Sensitive Hypertension in a Mouse Model of ACTH‐Dependent Cushing Syndrome. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.569.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Costello
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Kevin Stewart
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Natalie K Jones
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Celine Grenier
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Ailsa F Ralph
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Dawn E W Livingstone
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Neeraj Dhaun
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
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50
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Jones NK, Wallenius K, Stewart K, Wiseman JW, Mullins JJ, Bailey MA. Activation of GPR81 Causes Endothelin‐A Receptor‐Dependent Cardiorenal Effects. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.748.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie K Jones
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Kristina Wallenius
- Cardiovascular Renal and Metabolism, IMED Biotech UnitAstraZenecaGothenburgSweden
| | - Kevin Stewart
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - John W Wiseman
- Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech UnitAstraZenecaGothenburgSweden
| | - John J Mullins
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Matthew A Bailey
- Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
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