1
|
Joukar S, Rajizadeh MA, Bejeshk MA, Alavi SS, Bagheri F, Rami M, Khoramipour K. ATP releasing channels and the ameliorative effects of high intensity interval training on diabetic heart: a multifaceted analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7113. [PMID: 38532054 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57818-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) can cause severe cardiac complications at functional, histologic and molecular levels. These pathological complications could be mediated by ATP-releasing channels such as Panx1 and ATP receptors, in particular P2X7. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on T2D-induced cardiac complications at the functional, histopathological and molecular levels, with a particular focus on ATP-releasing channels. 48 male Wistar rats at the age of 8 weeks were randomly allocated into four groups: control (Con), Diabetes (T2D), Training (TR), and Diabetes + Training (T2D + TR). T2D was induced by a high-fat diet plus a low dose (35 mg/kg) of STZ administration. Rats in the TR and T2D + TR groups underwent an 8-weeks training program involving intervals ranging from 80 to 100% of their maximum running speed (Vmax), with 4-10 intervals per session. Protein expression of Interleukin 1β (IL1β), Interleukin 10 (IL-10), Pannexin 1 (Panx1), P2X7R (purinergic P2X receptor 7), NLRP1 (NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 1), BAX, and Bcl2 were measured in the heart tissue. Additionally, we assessed heart function, histopathological changes, as well as insulin resistance using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In contrast to the T2D group, HIIT led to increased protein expression of Bcl2 and IL-10 in the heart. It also resulted in improvements in systolic and diastolic blood pressures, heart rate, ± dp/dt (maximum and minimum changes in left ventricular pressure), while reducing protein expression of IL-1β, Panx1, P2X7R, NLRP1, and BAX levels in the heart. Furthermore, left ventricular diastolic pressure (LVDP) was reduced (P ≤ 0.05). Moreover, heart lesion scores increased with T2D but decreased with HIIT, along with a reduction in fibrosis percentage (P ≤ 0.05). The results of this study suggest that the cardioprotective effects of HIIT on the diabetic heart may be mediated by the modulation of ATP-releasing channels. This modulation may lead to a reduction in inflammation and apoptosis, improve cardiac function, and attenuate cardiac injury and fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyavash Joukar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Medical Faculty, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbas Bejeshk
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Samaneh Sadat Alavi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bagheri
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Kerman, Iran
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Pathology, Afzalipour Medical Faculty, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rami
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kayvan Khoramipour
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour Medical Faculty, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rodrigues RWP, Abrahin O, Sousa ECD, Marçal AC. EFEITOS DO EXERCÍCIO RESISTIDO DE ALTA INTENSIDADE EM RATOS QUE RECEBERAM DEXAMETASONA. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-869220162203148503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Introdução: A dexametasona administrada cronicamente promove alterações deletérias no metabolismo dos carboidratos. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do exercício resistido de alta intensidade sobre a sensibilidade à insulina, tolerância à glicose e força muscular de ratos submetidos ao uso crônico de dexametasona. Métodos: Foram utilizados 40 ratos machos divididos randomicamente em quatro grupos: 1) Controle Sedentário (CS); 2) Controle Treinado (CT); 3) Dexametasona Sedentário (DS) e 4) Dexametasona Treinado (DT). O exercício resistido foi realizado em aparelho de agachamento composto por três séries, 10 repetições, com intensidade de 75% de 1 RM durante quatro semanas. Concomitantemente, os grupos DS e DT recebiam diariamente dexametasona intraperitoneal (0,2 g/kg) e os grupos CS e CT recebiam somente solução salina (0,9%). Ao final do protocolo foram realizados testes de tolerância à glicose, sensibilidade à insulina e teste de força máxima. Resultados: Nos grupos treinados (CT e DT) houve aumento da força muscular de 14,78% e 36,87% respectivamente, sem ganho significativo nos grupos sedentários. No teste de tolerância à glicose, os grupos treinados (CT e DT) apresentaram amplitudes atenuadas da glicose plasmática quando comparados aos grupos sedentários (CS e DS). No teste de sensibilidade à insulina, o grupo DT apresentou menor área sob a curva em relação ao grupo DS. Conclusão: O exercício resistido de alta intensidade melhora a sensibilidade à insulina, tolerância à glicose e a força muscular em ratos que receberam a dexametasona.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Odilon Abrahin
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Brazil; Universidade do Estado do Pará, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ignacio-Souza LM, Bombassaro B, Pascoal LB, Portovedo MA, Razolli DS, Coope A, Victorio SC, de Moura RF, Nascimento LF, Arruda AP, Anhe GF, Milanski M, Velloso LA. Defective regulation of the ubiquitin/proteasome system in the hypothalamus of obese male mice. Endocrinology 2014; 155:2831-44. [PMID: 24892821 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In both human and experimental obesity, inflammatory damage to the hypothalamus plays an important role in the loss of the coordinated control of food intake and energy expenditure. Upon prolonged maintenance of increased body mass, the brain changes the defended set point of adiposity, and returning to normal weight becomes extremely difficult. Here we show that in prolonged but not in short-term obesity, the ubiquitin/proteasome system in the hypothalamus fails to maintain an adequate rate of protein recycling, leading to the accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins. This is accompanied by an increased colocalization of ubiquitin and p62 in the arcuate nucleus and reduced expression of autophagy markers in the hypothalamus. Genetic protection from obesity is accompanied by the normal regulation of the ubiquitin/proteasome system in the hypothalamus, whereas the inhibition of proteasome or p62 results in the acceleration of body mass gain in mice exposed for a short period to a high-fat diet. Thus, the defective regulation of the ubiquitin/proteasome system in the hypothalamus may be an important mechanism involved in the progression and autoperpetuation of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leticia M Ignacio-Souza
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling (L.M.I.-S., B.B., L.B.P., M.A.P., D.S.R., A.C., S.C.V., R.F.d.M., L.F.N., A.P.A., M.M., L.A.V.), Faculty of Applied Sciences (M.A.P., M.M.), and Department of Pharmacology (G.F.A.), University of Campinas, 13084-970 Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Changes in food intake, metabolic parameters and insulin resistance are induced by an isoenergetic, medium-chain fatty acid diet and are associated with modifications in insulin signalling in isolated rat pancreatic islets. Br J Nutr 2012. [PMID: 23182275 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114512004576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acids are capable of inducing alterations in the homoeostasis of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), but the effect of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) is poorly elucidated. In the present study, we fed a normoenergetic MCFA diet to male rats from the age of 1 month to the age of 4 months in order to analyse the effect of MCFA on body growth, insulin sensitivity and GSIS. The 45% MCFA substitution of whole fatty acids in the normoenergetic diet impaired whole body growth and resulted in increased body adiposity and hyperinsulinaemia, and reduced insulin-mediated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. In addition, the isolated pancreatic islets from the MCFA-fed rats showed impaired GSIS and reduced protein kinase Ba (AKT1) protein expression and extracellular signal-related kinase isoforms 1 and 2 (ERK(1/2)) phosphorylation, which were accompanied by increased cellular death. Furthermore, there was a mildly increased cholinergic sensitivity to GSIS. We discuss these findings in further detail, and advocate that they might have a role in the mechanistic pathway leading to the compensatory hyperinsulinaemic status found in this animal model.
Collapse
|
5
|
Palacios J, Roman D, Cifuentes F. Exposure to low level of arsenic and lead in drinking water from Antofagasta city induces gender differences in glucose homeostasis in rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 148:224-31. [PMID: 22354675 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Populations chronically exposed to arsenic in drinking water often have increased prevalence of diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to compare the glucose homeostasis of male and female rats exposed to low levels of heavy metals in drinking water. Treated groups were Sprague-Dawley male and female rats exposed to drinking water from Antofagasta city, with total arsenic of 30 ppb and lead of 53 ppb for 3 months; control groups were exposed to purified water by reverse osmosis. The two treated groups in both males and females showed arsenic and lead in the hair of rats. The δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase was used as a sensitive biomarker of arsenic toxicity and lead. The activity of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase was reduced only in treated male rats, compared to the control group. Treated males showed a significantly sustained increase in blood glucose and plasma insulin levels during oral glucose tolerance test compared to control group. The oral glucose tolerance test and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance demonstrated that male rats were insulin resistant, and females remained sensitive to insulin after treatment. The total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol increased in treated male rats vs. the control, and triglyceride increased in treated female rats vs. the control. The activity of intestinal Na+/glucose cotransporter in male rats increased compared to female rats, suggesting a significant increase in intestinal glucose absorption. The findings indicate that exposure to low levels of arsenic and lead in drinking water could cause gender differences in insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Palacios
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Católica del Norte, Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Parente LB, Aguila MB, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA. Deleterious effects of high-fat diet on perinatal and postweaning periods in adult rat offspring. Clin Nutr 2008; 27:623-34. [PMID: 18614261 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2008.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2007] [Revised: 05/26/2008] [Accepted: 05/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Pre- and postnatal environmental changes can reset the developmental path during intrauterine development leading to obesity and cardiovascular and metabolic disorders later in life. The effects of high-fat diets on body mass, fat mass, the plasma level of glucose, insulin and leptin, as well as the insulin/glucose ratio and cardiovascular parameters in adult rat offspring were studied. METHODS Pregnant Wistar rats in a standard chow group (SC) or high-fat chow group (HFC), at weaning their SC and HFC offspring were randomly divided into two postnatal groups: fed on SC or HFC. With euthanasia at 6-month-old, three-way ANOVA there were three-factor interactions among gender, perinatal diet and postweaning diet to body mass (BM), BP, left ventricle (LV) thickness, carbohydrate metabolism, plasma corticosterone concentrations and leptin/fat mass/adipocyte size pattern. RESULTS HFC/SC and SC/HFC offspring of both genders had high BM and BP, which were increased in HFC/HFC offspring. There was hyperinsulinism, hyperleptinemia, as well as high insulin/glucose ratio and high plasma corticosterone concentrations mainly in HFC/HFC offspring with adipocytes and LV hypertrophy. CONCLUSIONS Postweaning HFC was deleterious to the health of adult offspring from dams fed HFC during pregnancy and then during the first half of lactation period. HFC administrated in both periods shows supplementary effects, elevating BP with consequent LV hypertrophy, altering carbohydrate metabolism, plasma corticosterone concentrations and disturbing leptin/fat mass/adipocyte size pattern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lyana Barbosa Parente
- Laboratory of Morphometry and Cardiovascular Morphology, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Loxham SJG, Teague J, Poucher SM, De Schoolmeester J, Turnbull AV, Carey F. Glucagon challenge in the rat: A robust method for the in vivo assessment of Glycogen phosphorlyase inhibitor efficacy. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2007; 55:71-7. [PMID: 16713718 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2006.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2006] [Accepted: 03/16/2006] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glycogen phosphorlyase inhibitors (GPi) act on the glycogenolytic pathway decreasing hepatic glucose output, making them potential candidates for Type 2 diabetes treatment. We established a robust in vivo method to assess GPis efficacy utilising glucagon-stimulated glycogenolysis. METHODS Blood glucose was monitored in both male AP Wistar and AP Zucker rats using tail prick samples pre- and post intraperitoneal or subcutaneous glucagon administration. The effect of glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors GPi296 (6-60 mg kg(-1) po) and DAB (5 mg kg(-1) po) upon glucose response to subcutaneous glucagon were examined in both strains. RESULTS In the Wistar rat glucagon induced dose related increases in blood glucose, with the maximum increase occurring 20 min post dose (4.0+/-0.88 mmol l(-1), intraperitoneal; and 2.8+/-0.72 mmol l(-1), subcutaneous, ns). Intraperitoneal glucagon administration produced shorter duration blood glucose elevation than observed with the subcutaneous route of administration. In the Zucker rat, no differences were observed between the 10 and 13 week old rats in response to glucagon (3-200 microg kg(-1) subcutaneous). The maximum blood glucose increase was lower in the Wistar rat compared to the Zucker rats (2.9+/-0.20 vs 7.7+/-1.22 mmol l(-1), P<0.0000018). GPi296 and DAB both produced similar inhibition in each strain. DISCUSSION Subcutaneous glucagon administration induced more sustained increases in blood glucose than intraperitoneal administration. Blood glucose response to glucagon was higher in the Zucker rat compared to the Wistar rat; there was no difference in inhibition mediated by either GPi296 or DAB between the two strains. We believe that subcutaneous glucagon administration produces a robust model for the assessment of GPis in either rat strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan J G Loxham
- Cardiovascular and Gastrointestinal Discovery Department, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
NAGATE T, CHINO T, NISHIYAMA C, OKUHARA D, TAHARA T, MARUYAMA Y, KASAHARA H, TAKASHIMA K, KOBAYASHI S, MOTOKAWA Y, MUTO SI, KURODA J. Diluted Isoflurane as a Suitable Alternative for Diethyl ether for Rat Anaesthesia in Regular Toxicology Studies. J Vet Med Sci 2007; 69:1137-43. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.69.1137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki NAGATE
- Toxicology Research Laboratory, R&D, Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | - Tomonobu CHINO
- Toxicology Research Laboratory, R&D, Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | | | - Daisuke OKUHARA
- Toxicology Research Laboratory, R&D, Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | - Toru TAHARA
- Toxicology Research Laboratory, R&D, Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | | | - Hiroko KASAHARA
- Toxicology Research Laboratory, R&D, Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | - Kayoko TAKASHIMA
- Toxicology Research Laboratory, R&D, Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | - Sayaka KOBAYASHI
- Toxicology Research Laboratory, R&D, Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | | | - Shin-ichi MUTO
- Toxicology Research Laboratory, R&D, Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | - Junji KURODA
- Toxicology Research Laboratory, R&D, Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| |
Collapse
|