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Thi Thanh Nguyen N, Yoon Lee S. Celecoxib and sulindac sulfide elicit anticancer effects on PIK3CA-mutated head and neck cancer cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress, reactive oxygen species, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 224:116221. [PMID: 38641308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Gain-of-function mutation in the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit alpha gene (PIK3CA) is a significant factor in head and neck cancer (HNC). Patients with HNC harboring PIK3CA mutations receive therapeutic benefits from the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remain unknown. Here, we examined the Detroit562 and FaDu cell lines as HNC models with and without a hyperactive PIK3CA mutation (H1047R), respectively, regarding their possible distinct responses to the NSAIDs celecoxib and sulindac sulfide (SUS). Detroit562 cells exhibited relatively high PI3K/Akt pathway-dependent cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, associated with cell proliferation. Celecoxib treatment restricted cell proliferation and upregulated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related markers, including GRP78, C/EBP-homologous protein, activating transcription factor 4, death receptor 5, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These effects were much stronger in Detroit562 cells than in FaDu cells and were largely COX-2-independent. SUS treatment yielded similar results. Salubrinal (an ER stress inhibitor) and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (a ROS scavenger) prevented NSAID-induced ROS generation and ER stress, respectively, indicating crosstalk between ER and oxidative stress. In addition, celecoxib and/or SUS elevated cleaved caspase-3 levels, Bcl-2-associated X protein/Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death expression, and mitochondrial damage, which was more pronounced in Detroit562 than in FaDu cells. Salubrinal and N-acetyl-L-cysteine attenuated celecoxib-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Collectively, our results suggest that celecoxib and SUS efficiently suppress activating PIK3CA mutation-harboring HNC progression by inducing ER and oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to apoptotic cell death, further supporting NSAID treatment as a useful strategy for oncogenic PIK3CA-mutated HNC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nga Thi Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea; Institute of Medical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Abdel-Wahab ND, Kabil MF, El-Sherbiny IM, Salama MF, El-Sayed G, El-Sherbini ES. Potential anticancer effect of free and nanoformulated Deferasirox for breast cancer treatment: in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2024; 50:223-235. [PMID: 38305197 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2024.2314189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) stands as the second-leading cause of mortality among women worldwide. Many chemotherapeutic treatments for BC come with significant adverse effects. Additionally, BC is recognized as one of the most resistant forms of malignancy to treatment. Consequently, there exists a critical need for innovative therapeutic agents that are both highly effective and exhibit reduced toxicity and side effects for patients. Deferasirox (DFX), an iron-chelating drug approved by the FDA for oral use, emerges as a promising contender in the fight against BC proliferation. DFX, primarily administered orally, is utilized to address chronic iron excess resulting from blood transfusions, and it is the inaugural treatment for chronic iron overload syndrome. However, DFX encounters limitations due to its poor water solubility. AIM This study aimed at incorporating DFX into lipid nanocapsules (DFX-LNCs) followed by investigating the anticancer effect of the DFX nanoform as compared to free DFX in-vitro and on an orthotopic BC mouse model in-vivo. METHODS The DFX-LNCs was prepared and imaged using TEM and also characterized in terms of particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP), and polydispersity index (PDI) using DLS. Moreover, drug release, cytotoxicity, and anticancer effect were assessed in-vitro, and in-vivo. RESULTS The results revealed that DFX-LNCs are more cytotoxic than free DFX with IC50 of 4.417 µg/ml and 16.114 µg/ml, respectively, while the plain LNCs didn't show any cytotoxic effect on the 4T1 cell line (IC50 = 122.797 µg/ml). Besides, the apoptotic effect of DFX-LNCs was more pronounced than that of free DFX, as evidenced by Annexin V/PI staining, increased BAX expression, and decreased expression of BcL-2. Moreover, DFX-LNCs showed a superior antitumor effect in-vivo with potent antioxidant and anti-proliferative effects. CONCLUSION The newly developed DFX nanoform demonstrated a high potential as a promising therapeutic agent for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeen Diaa Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fawzi Kabil
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Nanomedicine Research Labs, Center for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Salama
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Gehad El-Sayed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - El-Said El-Sherbini
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
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3
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Guo H, Xue W, Zhao Q, Zhao H, Hu Z, Zhang X, Duan G. Correlation and significance of COX-2, Ki67, VEGF and other immune indexes with the growth of malignant pulmonary nodules. J Cardiothorac Surg 2022; 17:290. [DOI: 10.1186/s13019-022-02039-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
This study intends to explore the factors affecting the growth of pulmonary nodules in the natural process by immunohistochemical method.
Methods
40 cases of pulmonary nodules followed up for more than 3 years were divided into growth group (n = 20) and stable group (n = 20). The expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), Ki67, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD44V6, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), double microsome 2 (MDM2) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in pulmonary nodules were detected by immunohistochemical method so as to explore the relationship between it and the growth of pulmonary nodules.
Results
Compared with stable pulmonary nodules, the positive rates of COX-2, Ki67 and VEGF in the growth group were 85%, 80% and 55%, respectively. There was significant difference between the stable group and the growth group (P < 0.05). The correlation between other indexes and the growth of pulmonary nodules was not statistically significant (Pcd44v6 = 0.104;PEGFR = 0.337; PMDM2 = 0.49; PTGF-β1 = 0.141). In the subgroup of patients with non-invasive lung cancer, there was a correlation between VEGF and the growth of pulmonary nodules (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The high expression of COX-2, Ki67 and VEGF proteins may be significantly related to the growth of pulmonary nodules, and VEGF may be an important factor affecting the growth of malignant pulmonary nodules. This study intends to provide a research direction for further searching for the essential causes of the growth of pulmonary nodules.
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Andrés-Sánchez N, Fisher D, Krasinska L. Physiological functions and roles in cancer of the proliferation marker Ki-67. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:275629. [PMID: 35674256 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
What do we know about Ki-67, apart from its usefulness as a cell proliferation biomarker in histopathology? Discovered in 1983, the protein and its regulation of expression and localisation throughout the cell cycle have been well characterised. However, its function and molecular mechanisms have received little attention and few answers. Although Ki-67 has long been thought to be required for cell proliferation, recent genetic studies have conclusively demonstrated that this is not the case, as loss of Ki-67 has little or no impact on cell proliferation. In contrast, Ki-67 is important for localising nucleolar material to the mitotic chromosome periphery and for structuring perinucleolar heterochromatin, and emerging data indicate that it also has critical roles in cancer development. However, its mechanisms of action have not yet been fully identified. Here, we review recent findings and propose the hypothesis that Ki-67 is involved in structuring cellular sub-compartments that assemble by liquid-liquid phase separation. At the heterochromatin boundary, this may control access of chromatin regulators, with knock-on effects on gene expression programmes. These changes allow adaptation of the cell to its environment, which, for cancer cells, is a hostile one. We discuss unresolved questions and possible avenues for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Andrés-Sánchez
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Montpellier (IGMM), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34293 Montpellier, France.,Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Daniel Fisher
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Montpellier (IGMM), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34293 Montpellier, France.,Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Liliana Krasinska
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Montpellier (IGMM), University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34293 Montpellier, France.,Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 75013 Paris, France
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5
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Ki-67 regulates global gene expression and promotes sequential stages of carcinogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2026507118. [PMID: 33658388 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2026507118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ki-67 is a nuclear protein that is expressed in all proliferating vertebrate cells. Here, we demonstrate that, although Ki-67 is not required for cell proliferation, its genetic ablation inhibits each step of tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis. Mice lacking Ki-67 are resistant to chemical or genetic induction of intestinal tumorigenesis. In established cancer cells, Ki-67 knockout causes global transcriptome remodeling that alters the epithelial-mesenchymal balance and suppresses stem cell characteristics. When grafted into mice, tumor growth is slowed, and metastasis is abrogated, despite normal cell proliferation rates. Yet, Ki-67 loss also down-regulates major histocompatibility complex class I antigen presentation and, in the 4T1 syngeneic model of mammary carcinoma, leads to an immune-suppressive environment that prevents the early phase of tumor regression. Finally, genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism are down-regulated, and cells are sensitized to various drug classes. Our results suggest that Ki-67 enables transcriptional programs required for cellular adaptation to the environment. This facilitates multiple steps of carcinogenesis and drug resistance, yet may render cancer cells more susceptible to antitumor immune responses.
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6
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Remnant L, Kochanova NY, Reid C, Cisneros-Soberanis F, Earnshaw WC. The intrinsically disorderly story of Ki-67. Open Biol 2021; 11:210120. [PMID: 34375547 PMCID: PMC8354752 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ki-67 is one of the most famous marker proteins used by histologists to identify proliferating cells. Indeed, over 30 000 articles referring to Ki-67 are listed on PubMed. Here, we review some of the current literature regarding the protein. Despite its clinical importance, our knowledge of the molecular biology and biochemistry of Ki-67 is far from complete, and its exact molecular function(s) remain enigmatic. Furthermore, reports describing Ki-67 function are often contradictory, and it has only recently become clear that this proliferation marker is itself dispensable for cell proliferation. We discuss the unusual organization of the protein and its mRNA and how they relate to various models for its function. In particular, we focus on ways in which the intrinsically disordered structure of Ki-67 might aid in the assembly of the still-mysterious mitotic chromosome periphery compartment by controlling liquid-liquid phase separation of nucleolar proteins and RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Remnant
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, ICB, Michael Swann Building, King's Buildings, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Natalia Y. Kochanova
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, ICB, Michael Swann Building, King's Buildings, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Caitlin Reid
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, ICB, Michael Swann Building, King's Buildings, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Fernanda Cisneros-Soberanis
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, ICB, Michael Swann Building, King's Buildings, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - William C. Earnshaw
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, ICB, Michael Swann Building, King's Buildings, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
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7
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Galdieri L, Jash A, Malkova O, Mao DD, DeSouza P, Chu YE, Salter A, Campian JL, Naegle KM, Brennan CW, Wakimoto H, Oh ST, Kim AH, Chheda MG. Defining phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of glioblastoma stem cells by mass cytometry. JCI Insight 2021; 6:128456. [PMID: 33400685 PMCID: PMC7934942 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.128456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Most patients with glioblastoma (GBM) die within 2 years. A major therapeutic goal is to target GBM stem cells (GSCs), a subpopulation of cells that contribute to treatment resistance and recurrence. Since their discovery in 2003, GSCs have been isolated using single-surface markers, such as CD15, CD44, CD133, and α6 integrin. It remains unknown how these single-surface marker-defined GSC populations compare with each other in terms of signaling and function and whether expression of different combinations of these markers is associated with different functional capacity. Using mass cytometry and fresh operating room specimens, we found 15 distinct GSC subpopulations in patients, and they differed in their MEK/ERK, WNT, and AKT pathway activation status. Once in culture, some subpopulations were lost and previously undetectable ones materialized. GSCs that highly expressed all 4 surface markers had the greatest self-renewal capacity, WNT inhibitor sensitivity, and in vivo tumorigenicity. This work highlights the potential signaling and phenotypic diversity of GSCs. Larger patient sample sizes and antibody panels are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olga Malkova
- Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, and
| | - Diane D Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Yunli E Chu
- Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biological Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Amber Salter
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jian L Campian
- Department of Medicine.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kristen M Naegle
- Biomedical Engineering and Center for Biological Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Cameron W Brennan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephen T Oh
- Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, and.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Albert H Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Milan G Chheda
- Department of Medicine.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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8
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Zhu M, Yu Y, Shao X, Zhu L, Wang L. Predictors of Response and Survival Outcomes of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy 2020; 65:101-109. [PMID: 32894832 DOI: 10.1159/000509638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), pre-treatment predictors for pathological complete response (pCR) have been reported; however, those for progressive disease (PD) remain unidentified. METHODS We investigated pre-treatment clinicopathological predictors associated with pCR and PD by retrospectively reviewing data for 165 patients treated between 2015 and 2018. Patients with pCR and PD were compared to those without pCR and PD, respectively, using logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier methods. RESULTS Lack of androgen receptor (AR) was an independent predictor of pCR, while high histological grade, low Ki-67 index, and incomplete NACT courses were independent predictors of PD. Mean disease-free survival and overall survival were significantly poorer in PD patients than in pCR patients (15.7, 21.3 vs. 52.4, 56.3 months). CONCLUSIONS Insights into the chemo-resistance mechanisms and exploration of novel targeted agents in subgroups as per AR and Ki-67 status are needed to improve survival outcomes in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizhen Zhu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiying Shao
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linbo Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,
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9
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Zhang M, Gong Z, Zhang J, Cheng H, Chen J, Zeng Y, Zhu Z, Wan Y. Engineered Zinc Titanate Coatings on the Titanium Surface with Enhanced Antitumor Properties and Biocompatibility. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:5935-5946. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zheni Gong
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jiting Zhang
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Haoyan Cheng
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Road, Luoyang 471023, P. R. China
| | - Jisheng Chen
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Zhu
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
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10
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Mitchell KG, Parra ER, Nelson DB, Zhang J, Wistuba II, Fujimoto J, Roth JA, Antonoff MB. Tumor cellular proliferation is associated with enhanced immune checkpoint expression in stage I non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 158:911-919.e6. [PMID: 31235357 PMCID: PMC8073227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.04.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ki67 is a marker for tumor proliferative activity and is known to have prognostic significance in multiple solid malignancies. We sought to characterize the relationships among Ki67 expression, immune cell infiltration, and immune checkpoint expression in patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS Specimens of patients undergoing resection of stage I to III non-small cell lung cancer (1997-2012) were analyzed using tissue microarrays. Proliferative index was quantified as the percentage of malignant cells expressing Ki67. Checkpoints expressed on malignant cells (programmed death ligand 1, B7H3, B7H4, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1) and lymphocytes (T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing 3, V-domain suppressor of T-cell activation, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4, lymphocyte activation gene 3, inducible T-cell co-stimulator) were analyzed in intratumoral and stromal compartments, respectively. Immune cell densities were quantified in intratumoral and peritumoral compartments in a representative subset. RESULTS A total of 190 patients met inclusion criteria. Higher Ki67 expression was noted in squamous cell carcinoma (median 31.4% positive malignant cells vs 15.2% adenocarcinoma, P < .001), advanced-stage tumors (25.7% stages II/III vs 20.8% stage I, P = .013), and poorly differentiated tumors (28.8% vs 15.4% well/moderately, P < .001). Ki67 was positively correlated with intratumoral expression of programmed death ligand 1, B7-H3, and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1, and elevated stromal expression of lymphocyte activation gene 3 and inducible T-cell co-stimulator. Ki67 expression was inversely associated with intratumoral densities of CD57+ and CD4+ cells. The relationship between Ki67 and checkpoint expression was strongest in stage I tumors. Among patients with stage I, increased Ki67 was independently associated with worse overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Increased Ki67 expression is associated with biologically aggressive non-small cell lung cancer, enhanced immune checkpoint expression, and reduced intratumoral immune cell infiltration. These findings were strongest in early-stage disease and warrant further investigation in the context of novel therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle G Mitchell
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex
| | - Edwin R Parra
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex
| | - David B Nelson
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex
| | - Jiexin Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex
| | - Ignacio I Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex
| | - Junya Fujimoto
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex
| | - Jack A Roth
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex
| | - Mara B Antonoff
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex.
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11
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Menon SS, Guruvayoorappan C, Sakthivel KM, Rasmi RR. Ki-67 protein as a tumour proliferation marker. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 491:39-45. [PMID: 30653951 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Newer treatment strategy based on proliferative nuclear marker Ki-67 targeted therapy holds promise for prioritized/personalized treatment options with regard to improved survival and outcome in patients with renal cancer. Over the past decade, the importance of Ki-67 in prognosis of breast cancer has been widely studied, however very few studies and literatures are available in the context of renal cancer which has an increasing incidence internationally. The focus of this present review is to fill the gaps pertaining to its prognosis and management with newly understood mechanisms of targeted interventions. Recent breakthrough discoveries have highlighted the correlation of Ki-67 expression to stage and metastatic potential in renal tumours. A better understanding of molecular structure and different protein domains along with its regulation will provide evidence for precise target thereby controlling the proliferation rate correlated with decrease in the Ki-67 protein levels. Therapies targeting Ki-67 is still in the preclinical stage, besides its diagnostic and/or prognostic significance, a better understanding of targeted strategical studies is required for extrapolation to the clinical use. Current understanding of the associated molecular pathways and the precise role of Ki-67 could streamline the basis for predicting renal cancer outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Sankunny Menon
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, SAT, Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, Kerala, India
| | - Chandrasekharan Guruvayoorappan
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695 011, Kerala, India
| | - Kunnathur Murugesan Sakthivel
- Department of Biochemistry, PSG College of Arts and Science, Civil Aerodrome Post, Coimbatore 641 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajan Radha Rasmi
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Arts and Science, Civil Aerodrome Post, Coimbatore 641 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Belső N, Gubán B, Manczinger M, Kormos B, Bebes A, Németh I, Veréb Z, Széll M, Kemény L, Bata-Csörgő Z. Differential role of D cyclins in the regulation of cell cycle by influencing Ki67 expression in HaCaT cells. Exp Cell Res 2019; 374:290-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Ki67 targeted strategies for cancer therapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2017; 20:570-575. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-017-1774-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Sun X, Bizhanova A, Matheson TD, Yu J, Zhu LJ, Kaufman PD. Ki-67 Contributes to Normal Cell Cycle Progression and Inactive X Heterochromatin in p21 Checkpoint-Proficient Human Cells. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:e00569-16. [PMID: 28630280 PMCID: PMC5559680 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00569-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ki-67 protein is widely used as a tumor proliferation marker. However, whether Ki-67 affects cell cycle progression has been controversial. Here we demonstrate that depletion of Ki-67 in human hTERT-RPE1, WI-38, IMR90, and hTERT-BJ cell lines and primary fibroblast cells slowed entry into S phase and coordinately downregulated genes related to DNA replication. Some gene expression changes were partially relieved in Ki-67-depleted hTERT-RPE1 cells by codepletion of the Rb checkpoint protein, but more thorough suppression of the transcriptional and cell cycle defects was observed upon depletion of the cell cycle inhibitor p21. Notably, induction of p21 upon depletion of Ki-67 was a consistent hallmark of cell types in which transcription and cell cycle distribution were sensitive to Ki-67; these responses were absent in cells that did not induce p21. Furthermore, upon Ki-67 depletion, a subset of inactive X (Xi) chromosomes in female hTERT-RPE1 cells displayed several features of compromised heterochromatin maintenance, including decreased H3K27me3 and H4K20me1 labeling. These chromatin alterations were limited to Xi chromosomes localized away from the nuclear lamina and were not observed in checkpoint-deficient 293T cells. Altogether, our results indicate that Ki-67 integrates normal S-phase progression and Xi heterochromatin maintenance in p21 checkpoint-proficient human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Sun
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aizhan Bizhanova
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Timothy D Matheson
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lihua Julie Zhu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul D Kaufman
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Wang X, Ma K, Wang Y, He H, Hu JF, Li W. Evaluation of Circulating Tumor Cells in Predicting Therapeutic Response in Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Arch Med Res 2017; 47:454-459. [PMID: 27986125 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have prognostic significance in patients with metastatic cancer, but their utility in predicting the response to tumor therapy is unknown. This study examined the correlation of CTCs with the therapeutic response in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). METHODS Clinical and pathological data from 96 SCLC patients were evaluated in this study. CellSearch kits were used to detect CTCs in peripheral blood samples. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher exact test and Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS At baseline, 47 (50.0%) SCLC patients had detectable CTC counts. Serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was found to be associated with CTC thresholds. However, no significant differences were observed for an association of any threshold CTC count with the treatment response, with gender, age (≤60 or >60 years), smoking status, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), or Ki67 expression. CONCLUSION Detection of CTCs in SCLC patients was associated with serum NSE but not with response to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Kewei Ma
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Yizhuo Wang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Hua He
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China
| | - Ji-Fan Hu
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China; Stanford University Medical School, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California.
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer and Stem Cell Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China.
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16
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Elnegaard MP, List M, Christiansen H, Schmidt S, Mollenhauer J, Block I. Protein-based nanotoxicology assessment strategy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:1229-1233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Sobecki M, Mrouj K, Colinge J, Gerbe F, Jay P, Krasinska L, Dulic V, Fisher D. Cell-Cycle Regulation Accounts for Variability in Ki-67 Expression Levels. Cancer Res 2017; 77:2722-2734. [PMID: 28283655 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The cell proliferation antigen Ki-67 is widely used in cancer histopathology, but estimations of Ki-67 expression levels are inconsistent and understanding of its regulation is limited. Here we show that cell-cycle regulation underlies variable Ki-67 expression in all situations analyzed, including nontransformed human cells, normal mouse intestinal epithelia and adenomas, human cancer cell lines with or without drug treatments, and human breast and colon cancers. In normal cells, Ki-67 was a late marker of cell-cycle entry; Ki-67 mRNA oscillated with highest levels in G2 while protein levels increased throughout the cell cycle, peaking in mitosis. Inhibition of CDK4/CDK6 revealed proteasome-mediated Ki-67 degradation in G1 After cell-cycle exit, low-level Ki-67 expression persisted but was undetectable in fully quiescent differentiated cells or senescent cells. CDK4/CDK6 inhibition in vitro and in tumors in mice caused G1 cell-cycle arrest and eliminated Ki-67 mRNA in RB1-positive cells but had no effect in RB1-negative cells, which continued to proliferate and express Ki-67. Thus, Ki-67 expression varies due to cell-cycle regulation, but it remains a reliable readout for effects of CDK4/CDK6 inhibitors on cell proliferation. Cancer Res; 77(10); 2722-34. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karim Mrouj
- IGMM, CNRS Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - François Gerbe
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Jay
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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18
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Cidado J, Wong HY, Rosen DM, Cimino-Mathews A, Garay JP, Fessler AG, Rasheed ZA, Hicks J, Cochran RL, Croessmann S, Zabransky DJ, Mohseni M, Beaver JA, Chu D, Cravero K, Christenson ES, Medford A, Mattox A, De Marzo AM, Argani P, Chawla A, Hurley PJ, Lauring J, Park BH. Ki-67 is required for maintenance of cancer stem cells but not cell proliferation. Oncotarget 2017; 7:6281-93. [PMID: 26823390 PMCID: PMC4868756 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ki-67 expression is correlated with cell proliferation and is a prognostic marker for various cancers; however, its function is unknown. Here we demonstrate that genetic disruption of Ki-67 in human epithelial breast and colon cancer cells depletes the cancer stem cell niche. Ki-67 null cells had a proliferative disadvantage compared to wildtype controls in colony formation assays and displayed increased sensitivity to various chemotherapies. Ki-67 null cancer cells showed decreased and delayed tumor formation in xenograft assays, which was associated with a reduction in cancer stem cell markers. Immunohistochemical analyses of human breast cancers revealed that Ki-67 expression is maintained at equivalent or greater levels in metastatic sites of disease compared to matched primary tumors, suggesting that maintenance of Ki-67 expression is associated with metastatic/clonogenic potential. These results elucidate Ki-67's role in maintaining the cancer stem cell niche, which has potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications for human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Cidado
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Present address: Oncology iMED, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Hong Yuen Wong
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - D Marc Rosen
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashley Cimino-Mathews
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joseph P Garay
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abigail G Fessler
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zeshaan A Rasheed
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jessica Hicks
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rory L Cochran
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah Croessmann
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel J Zabransky
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Morassa Mohseni
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Present address: Roche Sequencing, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Julia A Beaver
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Chu
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karen Cravero
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric S Christenson
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Arielle Medford
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Austin Mattox
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Angelo M De Marzo
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pedram Argani
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ajay Chawla
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Departments of Physiology and Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Paula J Hurley
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Josh Lauring
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ben Ho Park
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,The Whiting School of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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19
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El Zeneini E, Kamel S, El-Meteini M, Amleh A. Knockdown of COBRA1 decreases the proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:1896-1906. [PMID: 28112367 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cofactor of BRCA1 (COBRA1) is one of the four subunits that make up the negative elongation factor (NELF) complex that is involved in the stalling of RNA polymerase II early during transcription elongation. As such, it regulates the expression of a substantial number of genes involved in cell cycle control, cellular metabolism and DNA repair. With no DNA binding domain, its capacity to modulate gene expression occurs via its ability to interact with different transcription factors. In the field of cancer, its role is not yet fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate the frequent overexpression of COBRA1 along with the remaining NELF subunits in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues relative to non-cancerous liver tissues. To elucidate its biological significance in HCC, RNA interference was utilized to silence COBRA1 expression in the HCC cell line, HepG2. Interestingly, COBRA1 knockdown resulted in a significant decrease in cell proliferation and migration, accompanied by a concomitant reduction in the expression of the proliferation marker, Ki-67. Survivin, a proto-oncogene that is commonly upregulated in almost all human malignancies including HCC, was also significantly downregulated following COBRA1 silencing. This suggests that it might be one of the mechanisms by which COBRA1 mediates its role in HCC. Taken together, our data findings collectively highlight an important role for COBRA1 in supporting HCC proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman El Zeneini
- Biotechnology Department, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Sarah Kamel
- Biotechnology Department, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud El-Meteini
- HPB and Liver Transplant Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11341, Egypt
| | - Asma Amleh
- Biotechnology Department, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
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20
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Comparative study of different histologic classifications in the degree of differentiation in endometrial adenocarcinoma. TUMORI JOURNAL 2016; 102:488-495. [PMID: 27514311 DOI: 10.5301/tj.5000528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the concordance among the available histologic classifications for endometrial adenocarcinoma using interobserver and intraobserver agreement as well as the association of tumor histologic degree in the above mentioned classifications with cellular proliferation measured by Ki-67. METHODS Seventy women who underwent surgical treatment of endometrial adenocarcinoma with histologic confirmation of endometrioid type were included in the study. Two experienced pathologists randomly analyzed the slides in 3 distinct timeframes with a maximum of 25 slides/timeframe. Tumor slides were classified according to the degree of differentiation using 4 different classifications: International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO), modified FIGO, Lax, and Alkushi. RESULTS Intraobserver agreement was reasonable for classification of FIGO (k 0.469 and 0.538), very good for modified FIGO (k 0.661 and 0.768), moderate for Lax classification (k 0.496 and 0.466), and moderate/good for Alkushi classification (k 0.528 and 0.736). Interobserver concordance was regular for FIGO classification (k = 0.271 and 0.343), good/moderate for modified FIGO classification (k = 0.661 and 0.522, respectively), regular/moderate for Lax classification (k = 0.258 and 0.465, respectively), and regular for Alkushi classification (k = 0.283 and 0.402). CONCLUSIONS The prognostic value of histologic grading in endometrial carcinoma and its importance for a successful therapeutic plan have been documented repeatedly, but the best grading system, in terms of prognostication, reproducibility, ease of use, and universality (e.g., applicability to all tumor cell types), has not been unequivocally defined.
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21
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de Souza JG, Morais KL, Anglés-Cano E, Boufleur P, de Mello ES, Maria DA, Origassa CST, Zampolli HDC, Câmara NOS, Berra CM, Bosch RV, Chudzinski-Tavassi AM. Promising pharmacological profile of a Kunitz-type inhibitor in murine renal cell carcinoma model. Oncotarget 2016; 7:62255-62266. [PMID: 27566592 PMCID: PMC5308724 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), also called kidney cancer or renal adenocarcinoma, is highly resistant to current treatments. It has been previously reported that a Kunitz-type inhibitor domain-containing protein, isolated from the salivary glands of the Amblyomma cajennense tick, triggers apoptosis in murine renal adenocarcinoma cells (Renca) by inhibiting the proteasome and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Of note, Amblyomin-X is the corresponding recombinant protein identified in the cDNA library from A. cajennense salivary glands. Herein, using orthotopic kidney tumors in mice, we demonstrate that Amblyomin-X is able to drastically reduce the incidence of lung metastases by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The in vitro assays show that Amblyomin-X is capable of reducing the proliferation rate of Renca cells, promoting cell cycle arrest, and down-regulating the expression of crucial proteins (cyclin D1, Ki67 and Pgp) involved in the aggressiveness and resistance of RCC. Regarding non-tumor cells (NIH3T3), Amblyomin-X produced minor effects in the cyclin D1 levels. Interestingly, observing the image assays, the fluorescence-labelled Amblyomin-X was indeed detected in the tumor stroma whereas in healthy animals it was rapidly metabolized and excreted. Taken the findings together, Amblyomin-X can be considered as a potential anti-RCC drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Gabriel de Souza
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- CENTD- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Butantan Institute, SP, Brazil
| | - Katia L.P. Morais
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, SP, Brazil
- CENTD- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Butantan Institute, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Anglés-Cano
- INSERM UMR_S 1140-Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pamela Boufleur
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Clarice Silvia Taemi Origassa
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Marisa Chudzinski-Tavassi
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, SP, Brazil
- CENTD- Center of Excellence in New Target Discovery, Butantan Institute, SP, Brazil
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22
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Sobecki M, Mrouj K, Camasses A, Parisis N, Nicolas E, Llères D, Gerbe F, Prieto S, Krasinska L, David A, Eguren M, Birling MC, Urbach S, Hem S, Déjardin J, Malumbres M, Jay P, Dulic V, Lafontaine DL, Feil R, Fisher D. The cell proliferation antigen Ki-67 organises heterochromatin. eLife 2016; 5:e13722. [PMID: 26949251 PMCID: PMC4841783 DOI: 10.7554/elife.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen Ki-67 is a nuclear protein expressed in proliferating mammalian cells. It is widely used in cancer histopathology but its functions remain unclear. Here, we show that Ki-67 controls heterochromatin organisation. Altering Ki-67 expression levels did not significantly affect cell proliferation in vivo. Ki-67 mutant mice developed normally and cells lacking Ki-67 proliferated efficiently. Conversely, upregulation of Ki-67 expression in differentiated tissues did not prevent cell cycle arrest. Ki-67 interactors included proteins involved in nucleolar processes and chromatin regulators. Ki-67 depletion disrupted nucleologenesis but did not inhibit pre-rRNA processing. In contrast, it altered gene expression. Ki-67 silencing also had wide-ranging effects on chromatin organisation, disrupting heterochromatin compaction and long-range genomic interactions. Trimethylation of histone H3K9 and H4K20 was relocalised within the nucleus. Finally, overexpression of human or Xenopus Ki-67 induced ectopic heterochromatin formation. Altogether, our results suggest that Ki-67 expression in proliferating cells spatially organises heterochromatin, thereby controlling gene expression. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.13722.001 Living cells divide in two to produce new cells. In mammals, cell division is strictly controlled so that only certain groups of cells in the body are actively dividing at any time. However, some cells may escape these controls so that they divide rapidly and form tumors. A protein called Ki-67 is only produced in actively dividing cells, where it is located in the nucleus – the structure that contains most of the cell’s DNA. Researchers often use Ki-67 as a marker to identify which cells are actively dividing in tissue samples from cancer patients, and previous studies indicated that Ki-67 is needed for cells to divide. However, the exact role of this protein was not clear. Before cells can divide they need to make large amounts of new proteins using molecular machines called ribosomes and it has been suggested that Ki-67 helps to produce ribosomes. Now, Sobecki et al. used genetic techniques to study the role of Ki-67 in mice. The experiments show that Ki-67 is not required for cells to divide in the laboratory or to make ribosomes. Instead, Ki-67 alters the way that DNA is packaged in the nucleus. Loss of Ki-67 from mice cells resulted in DNA becoming less compact, which in turn altered the activity of genes in those cells. Sobecki et al. also identified many other proteins that interact with Ki-67, so the next step following on from this research is to understand how Ki-67 alters DNA packaging at the molecular level. Another future challenge will be to find out if inhibiting the activity of Ki-67 can hinder the growth of cancer cells. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.13722.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Sobecki
- Montpellier Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGMM) CNRS UMR 5535, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Karim Mrouj
- Montpellier Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGMM) CNRS UMR 5535, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alain Camasses
- Montpellier Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGMM) CNRS UMR 5535, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nikolaos Parisis
- Montpellier Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGMM) CNRS UMR 5535, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Emilien Nicolas
- RNA Molecular Biology, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Fonds de la Recherche Nationale, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Charleroi-Gosselies, Belgium
| | - David Llères
- Montpellier Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGMM) CNRS UMR 5535, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - François Gerbe
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institute of Functional Genomics (IGF), CNRS UMR 5203, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.,U1191, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Susana Prieto
- Montpellier Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGMM) CNRS UMR 5535, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Liliana Krasinska
- Montpellier Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGMM) CNRS UMR 5535, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandre David
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institute of Functional Genomics (IGF), CNRS UMR 5203, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.,U1191, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Manuel Eguren
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Serge Urbach
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institute of Functional Genomics (IGF), CNRS UMR 5203, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.,U1191, Inserm, Montpellier, France.,Functional Proteomics Platform, Institute of Functional Genomics, Montpellier, France
| | - Sonia Hem
- Mass Spectrometry Platform MSPP, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Déjardin
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institute of Human Genetics (IGH) CNRS UPR 1142, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Philippe Jay
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institute of Functional Genomics (IGF), CNRS UMR 5203, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.,U1191, Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - Vjekoslav Dulic
- Montpellier Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGMM) CNRS UMR 5535, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Denis Lj Lafontaine
- RNA Molecular Biology, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Fonds de la Recherche Nationale, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Charleroi-Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Robert Feil
- Montpellier Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGMM) CNRS UMR 5535, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Daniel Fisher
- Montpellier Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGMM) CNRS UMR 5535, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier, France.,Faculty of Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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23
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Suresh SC, Selvaraju V, Thirunavukkarasu M, Goldman JW, Husain A, Alexander Palesty J, Sanchez JA, McFadden DW, Maulik N. Thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) engineered mesenchymal stem cell therapy increased pro-angiogenic factors, reduced fibrosis and improved heart function in the infarcted rat myocardium. Int J Cardiol 2015; 201:517-28. [PMID: 26322599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Engraftment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has emerged as a powerful candidate for mediating myocardial repair. In this study, we genetically modified MSCs with an adenovector encoding thioredoxin-1 (Ad.Trx1). Trx1 has been described as a growth regulator, a transcription factor regulator, a cofactor, and a powerful antioxidant. We explored whether engineered MSCs, when transplanted, are capable of improving cardiac function and angiogenesis in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS Rat MSCs were cultured and divided into MSC, MSC+Ad.LacZ, and MSC+Ad.Trx1 groups. The cells were assayed for proliferation, and differentiation potential. In addition, rats were divided into control-sham (CS), control-MI (CMI), MSC+Ad.LacZ-MI (MLZMI), and MSC+Ad.Trx1-MI (MTrxMI) groups. MI was induced by left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation, and MSCs preconditioned with either Ad.LacZ or Ad.Trx1 were immediately administered to four sites in the peri-infarct zone. RESULTS The MSC+Ad.Trx1 cells increased the proliferation capacity and maintained pluripotency, allowing them to divide into cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle, and endothelial cells. Western blot analysis, 4 days after treatment showed increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4). Also capillary density along with myocardial function as examined by echocardiography was found to be increased. Fibrosis was reduced in the MTrxMI group compared to MLZMI and CMI. Visualization of Connexin-43 by immunohistochemistry confirmed increased intercellular connections in the MTrxMI rats compared to MLZMI. CONCLUSION Engineering MSCs to express Trx1 may prove to be a strategic therapeutic modality in the treatment of cardiac failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanth C Suresh
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Vaithinathan Selvaraju
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Joshua W Goldman
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Aaftab Husain
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - J Alexander Palesty
- Stanley J. Dudrick Department of Surgery, Saint Mary's Hospital, Waterbury 06706, CT, USA
| | - Juan A Sanchez
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - David W McFadden
- Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA
| | - Nilanjana Maulik
- Molecular Cardiology and Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington Avenue, Farmington 06032, CT, USA.
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Li LT, Jiang G, Chen Q, Zheng JN. Ki67 is a promising molecular target in the diagnosis of cancer (review). Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:1566-72. [PMID: 25384676 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 471] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of Ki67 is strongly associated with tumor cell proliferation and growth, and is widely used in routine pathological investigation as a proliferation marker. The nuclear protein Ki67 (pKi67) is an established prognostic and predictive indicator for the assessment of biopsies from patients with cancer. Clinically, pKi67 has been shown to correlate with metastasis and the clinical stage of tumors. In addition, it has been shown that Ki67 expression is significantly higher malignant tissues with poorly differentiated tumor cells, as compared with normal tissue. According to its predictive role, pKi67 expression identifies subpopulations of patients who are more likely to respond to a given therapy. The Ki67 labeling index is an independent prognostic factor for survival rate, which includes all stages and grade categories. There is a correlation between the ratio of Ki67‑positive malignant cells and patient survival. It has been shown that blocking of Ki67 either by microinjection of antibodies or through the use of antisense oligonucleotides leads to the arrest of cell proliferation. Specifically, antisense oligonucleotides and antibodies against pKi67 have been shown to inhibit the progression of the cell cycle. The Ki67 protein is well characterized at the molecular level and is extensively used as a prognostic and predictive marker for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Increasing evidence indicates that Ki67 may be an effective target in cancer therapy. It therefore merits further development, including testing in more sophisticated in vitro and appropriate in vivo models. This review provides an overview of recent advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Tao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Guan Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Jun Nian Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
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25
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Li H, Han X, Liu Y, Liu G, Dong G. Ki67 as a predictor of poor prognosis in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2014; 9:149-152. [PMID: 25435949 PMCID: PMC4246616 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the expression of the proliferation antigen, Ki67, in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and its correlation with clinicopathological factors. The expression of Ki67 and other biological indicators in 24 cases of TNBC tissues and 178 cases of non-TNBC tissues were detected using immunohistochemistry. Their correlation with the clinicopathological factors were also analyzed using the χ2 test. The positive rate of Ki67 expression in TNBC tissues was 83.3%, exhibiting a statistically significant difference when compared with that in non-TNBC tissues (73.0%) (P<0.05). The expression of Ki67 in breast cancer tissue significantly correlated with the tumor size and lymph node metastases; however, no correlation was observed with the age and the clinical stage. Ki67 may be an indicator of poor prognosis in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Qingzhou Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Qingzhou, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Xinghua Han
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Qingzhou Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Qingzhou, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Yingxin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Qingzhou Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Qingzhou, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Qingzhou Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Qingzhou, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
| | - Guomin Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Qingzhou Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Qingzhou, Shandong 262500, P.R. China
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26
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Jiang G, Yang CS, Xu D, Sun C, Zheng JN, Lei TC, Liu YQ. Potent anti-tumour activity of a novel conditionally replicating adenovirus for melanoma via inhibition of migration and invasion. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:2496-505. [PMID: 24714752 PMCID: PMC4021521 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAds) represent a novel class of oncological therapeutic agents. One strategy to ensure tumour targeting is to place the essential viral genes under the control of tumour-specific promoters. Ki67 has been selected as a cancer gene therapy target, as it is expressed in most malignant cells but is barely detectable in most normal cells. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a Ki67 promoter-controlled CRAd (Ki67-ZD55-IL-24) on the proliferation and apoptosis of melanoma cells. Methods: Melanoma cells were independently treated with Ki67-ZD55-IL-24, ZD55-IL-24, Ki67-ZD55, and ZD55-EGFP. The cytotoxic potential of each treatment was assessed using cell viability measurements. Cell migration and invasion were assayed using cell migration and invasion assays. Apoptosis was assayed using the annexin V-FITC assay, western blotting, reverse transcriptase PCR (RT–PCR), haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and the TUNEL assay. Results: Our results showed that Ki67-ZD55-IL-24 had significantly enhanced anti-tumour activity as it more effectively induced apoptosis in melanoma cells than the other agents. Ki67-ZD55-IL-24 also caused the most significant inhibition of cell migration and invasion of melanoma cells. Furthermore, apoptosis was induced more effectively in melanoma xenografts in nude mice. Conclusions: This strategy holds promising potential for the further development of an effective approach to treat malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - C-S Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - D Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - C Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - J-N Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - T-C Lei
- Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Y-Q Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
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Yang YJ, Baltus AE, Mathew RS, Murphy EA, Evrony GD, Gonzalez DM, Wang EP, Marshall-Walker CA, Barry BJ, Murn J, Tatarakis A, Mahajan MA, Samuels HH, Shi Y, Golden JA, Mahajnah M, Shenhav R, Walsh CA. Microcephaly gene links trithorax and REST/NRSF to control neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Cell 2012; 151:1097-112. [PMID: 23178126 PMCID: PMC3567437 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Microcephaly is a neurodevelopmental disorder causing significantly reduced cerebral cortex size. Many known microcephaly gene products localize to centrosomes, regulating cell fate and proliferation. Here, we identify and characterize a nuclear zinc finger protein, ZNF335/NIF-1, as a causative gene for severe microcephaly, small somatic size, and neonatal death. Znf335 null mice are embryonically lethal, and conditional knockout leads to severely reduced cortical size. RNA-interference and postmortem human studies show that ZNF335 is essential for neural progenitor self-renewal, neurogenesis, and neuronal differentiation. ZNF335 is a component of a vertebrate-specific, trithorax H3K4-methylation complex, directly regulating REST/NRSF, a master regulator of neural gene expression and cell fate, as well as other essential neural-specific genes. Our results reveal ZNF335 as an essential link between H3K4 complexes and REST/NRSF and provide the first direct genetic evidence that this pathway regulates human neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei J. Yang
- Division of Genetics, and Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Harvard MD-PhD MSTP Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrew E. Baltus
- Division of Genetics, and Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Rebecca S. Mathew
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elisabeth A. Murphy
- Division of Genetics, and Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gilad D. Evrony
- Division of Genetics, and Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Harvard MD-PhD MSTP Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dilenny M. Gonzalez
- Division of Genetics, and Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Estee P. Wang
- Division of Genetics, and Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Current Address: Department of Orthodontics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Christine A. Marshall-Walker
- Division of Genetics, and Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Brenda J. Barry
- Division of Genetics, and Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Jernej Murn
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Antonis Tatarakis
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Muktar A. Mahajan
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Herbert H. Samuels
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Golden
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Muhammad Mahajnah
- Child Development and Pediatric Neurology, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera 38100, Israel, The Technion, Israel Institue of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Ruthie Shenhav
- Raphael Recanati Genetics Institue, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel
| | - Christopher A. Walsh
- Division of Genetics, and Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
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Knockdown of Ki-67 by dicer-substrate small interfering RNA sensitizes bladder cancer cells to curcumin-induced tumor inhibition. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48567. [PMID: 23152782 PMCID: PMC3495973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder is the most common cancer of the urinary tract. Most of the TCC cases are of the superficial type and are treated with transurethral resection (TUR). However, the recurrence rate is high and the current treatments have the drawback of inducing strong systemic toxicity or cause painful cystitis. Therefore, it would be of therapeutic value to develop novel concepts and identify novel drugs for the treatment of bladder cancer. Ki-67 is a large nucleolar phosphoprotein whose expression is tightly linked to cell proliferation, and curcumin, a phytochemical derived from the rhizome Curcuma longa, has been shown to possess powerful anticancer properties. In this study, we evaluated the combined efficacy of curcumin and a siRNA against Ki-67 mRNA (Ki-67-7) in rat (AY-27) and human (T-24) bladder cancer cells. The anticancer effects were assessed by the determination of cell viability, apoptosis and cell cycle analysis. Ki-67-7 (10 nM) and curcumin (10 µM), when treated independently, were moderately effective. However, in their combined presence, proliferation of bladder cancer cells was profoundly (>85%) inhibited; the rate of apoptosis in the combined presence of curcumin and Ki-67-7 (36%) was greater than that due to Ki-67-7 (14%) or curcumin (13%) alone. A similar synergy between curcumin and Ki-67-7 in inducing cell cycle arrest was also observed. Western blot analysis suggested that pretreatment with Ki-67-7 sensitized bladder cancer cells to curcumin-mediated apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by p53- and p21-independent mechanisms. These data suggest that a combination of anti-Ki-67 siRNA and curcumin could be a viable treatment against the proliferation of bladder cancer cells.
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Liu J, Fang L, Cheng Q, Li L, Su C, Zhang B, Pei D, Yang J, Li W, Zheng J. Effects of G250 promoter controlled conditionally replicative adenovirus expressing Ki67-siRNA on renal cancer cell. Cancer Sci 2012; 103:1880-8. [PMID: 22775978 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2012.02380.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Replication-competent adenovirus (RCAd) has been used extensively in cancer gene therapy, and tumor-selection is critical for the use of replication-competent adenovirus. Here we investigated the anti-tumor characterization of oncolytic virus, whose E1A gene is under the control of a renal cell carcinoma specific promoter - the G250 promoter. The constructed oncolytic virus G250-Ki67 is armed with transgene of Ki67-siRNA, and G250-ZD55-Ki67 also with E1B-55 KD deleted. The tumor-specific expression of E1A and Ki67 was demonstrated by Western blot and immunohistochemistry staining, and the tumor-specific cytotoxicity was assessed by crystal violet staining and cell viability assays. The G250-Ki67 and G250-ZD55-Ki67 adenoviruses could express E1A protein in 786-O and OSRC cell lines but not in ACHN and HK-2 cell lines. The expression of Ki67 gene in 786-O and OSRC cell lines were suppressed by these adenoviruses. The cytotoxic effects induced by G250-ZD55-Ki67 and G250-Ki67 were more obvious on the 786-O cell lines than on the OSRC cell lines. Each group of adenoviruses could inhibit the proliferation of the 786-O cells and OSRC cells. However, the effects induced by G250-ZD55-Ki67 and G250-Ki67 on 786-O cells were stronger than on OSRC cells. Moreover, G250-ZD55-Ki67 had enhanced antitumor activities in these renal cancer cells compared with G250-Ki67. G250 promoter-derived CRAds carrying Ki67-siRNA could highly amplify and express Ki67-siRNA in renal cancer cells with expression of G250 antigen, inhibit renal cancer cells proliferation and induce apoptosis. These results demonstrated that the G250-specific oncolytic adenovirus expressing Ki67-siRNA is applicable for human renal clear cell cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Liu
- Laboratory of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China
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30
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Bertero T, Gastaldi C, Bourget-Ponzio I, Imbert V, Loubat A, Selva E, Busca R, Mari B, Hofman P, Barbry P, Meneguzzi G, Ponzio G, Rezzonico R. miR-483-3p controls proliferation in wounded epithelial cells. FASEB J 2011; 25:3092-105. [PMID: 21676945 DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-168401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms that regulate keratinocyte migration and proliferation in wound healing remain largely unraveled, notably regarding possible involvements of microRNAs (miRNAs). Here we disclose up-regulation of miR-483-3p in 2 distinct models of wound healing: scratch-injured cultures of human keratinocytes and wounded skin in mice. miR-483-3p accumulation peaks at the final stage of the wound closure process, consistent with a role in the arrest of "healing" progression. Using an in vitro wound-healing model, videomicroscopy, and 5-bromo-2'-uridine incorporation, we observed that overexpression of miR-483-3p inhibits keratinocyte migration and proliferation, whereas delivery of anti-miR-483-3p oligonucleotides sustains keratinocyte proliferation beyond the closure of the wound, compared with irrelevant anti-miR treatment. Expression profiling of keratinocytes transfected with miR-483-3p identified 39 transcripts that were both predicted targets of miR-483-3p and down-regulated after miR-483-3p overexpression. Luciferase reporter assays, Western blot analyses, and silencing by specific siRNAs finally established that kinase MK2, cell proliferation marker MKI67, and transcription factor YAP1 are direct targets of miR-483-3p that control keratinocyte proliferation. miR-483-3p-mediated down-regulation of MK2, MKI67, and YAP1 thus represents a novel mechanism controlling keratinocyte growth arrest at the final steps of reepithelialization.
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The effect of methylated oligonucleotide targeting Ki-67 gene in human 786-0 renal carcinoma cells. Tumour Biol 2011; 32:863-72. [PMID: 21598043 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-011-0187-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of methylated oligonucleotide (MON) targeting Ki-67 promoter on the expression of Ki-67 gene and the proliferation and apoptosis of the human 786-0 renal carcinoma cells, human 786-0 cells were transfected with MON. The activity of Ki-67 promoter was detected by dual-luciferase reporter assay system. Among the five methylated oligonucleotides (MON(1)-MON(5)), MON(4) is the best excellent one in the inhibition of the Ki-67 promoter activity. The activity of Ki-67 promoter is decreased to 77.88% in 40-nM group, 50.07% in 80-nM group, 35.63% in 120-nM group, 26.09% in 160-nM group, and 16.98% in 200-nM group compared with 0-nM group. The activity of Ki-67 promoter in MON group is decreased to 61.96% at 8 h, 48.93% at 12 h, 15.97% at 24 h, 26.00% at 36 h, 35.01% at 48 h, 46.08% at 72 h, and 66.12% at 96 h compared with pGLBK235 group. These results show that the effect of MON is time- and dose-dependent. The activity of Ki-67 in MON group is decreased to 16.73% compared with pGLBK235 group, while the control groups have no significant difference. The expression of Ki-67 gene in 786-0 cells was detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The expression of Ki-67 mRNA is decreased to 61.04% and that of Ki-67 protein is decreased to 32.07% in MON group compared with the blank group. The proliferation of 786-0 cells was determined by WST-8. The cell proliferation in MON group is decreased to 61.02% at 24 h, 73.78% at 48 h, 79.72% at 72 h, and 91.53% at 96 h compared with the blank group. The cell apoptosis was measured by annexin V and propidium iodide. The number of apoptosis cells in MON group is 2.42 times of that in the blank group at earlier period and 2.57 times at mid-anaphase. We detected the effect of MON on the expression of bax and p53 by Western blot. Compared with the blank group, the expression of bax protein in MON group is increased by 66.12%, while the expression of p53 is decreased to 67.31%. Our study demonstrates that the methylated oligonucleotide targeting Ki-67 promoter has a remarkable effect on the inhibition of Ki-67 expression and the proliferation of the human 786-0 renal carcinoma cells and can induce apoptosis of the 786-0 cells.
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Pei DS, Di JH, Chen FF, Zheng JN. Oncolytic-adenovirus-expressed RNA interference for cancer therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2010; 10:1331-41. [PMID: 20684738 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2010.512002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD RNA interference (RNAi) has generated considerable excitement for its potential cancer therapeutic applications. Because of the difficulties in delivering a large amount of siRNA to cancer cells and the short half-life of siRNA, it is important to choose an efficient delivery system for transduction of siRNA into target cells. Oncolytic adenovirus offers a better platform by virtue of its high transfection efficiency and selective replication in cancer cells. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW This review focuses on the synergism between oncolytic adenovirus and siRNA antitumor responses, and discusses recent progresses in oncolytic-adenovirus-expressed siRNA. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN siRNA-expressing oncolytic adenovirus can generate a significantly enhanced antitumor effect through gene knockdown and viral oncolysis. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Due to its potency and target specificity, using siRNA delivery by oncolytic adenovirus has generated much excitement and will open new avenues for treatment of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sheng Pei
- Xuzhou Medical College, Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, 84 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, PR China.
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Desai S, Maurin M, Smith MA, Bolick SC, Dessureault S, Tao J, Sotomayor E, Wright KL. PRDM1 is required for mantle cell lymphoma response to bortezomib. Mol Cancer Res 2010; 8:907-18. [PMID: 20530581 PMCID: PMC2891394 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-10-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive form of B-cell lymphoma with a poor disease-free survival rate. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is approved for the treatment of relapsed and refractory MCL and has efficacy in about 30% of patients. However, the precise mechanism of action of bortezomib is not well understood. This report establishes a requirement for the transcription repressor PR domain zinc finger protein 1 (PRDM1, Blimp1) in the response to bortezomib. Bortezomib rapidly induces transcription of PRDM1 as part of the apoptotic response in both cell lines and primary MCL tumor cells. Knockdown of PRDM1 blocks activation of NOXA and inhibits apoptosis, whereas ectopic expression of PRDM1 alone leads to apoptosis in MCL. Two novel direct targets of PRDM1 were identified in MCL cells: MKI67 (Ki67) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Both MKI67 and PCNA are required for proliferation and survival. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and knockdown studies reveal that specific repression of MKI67 and PCNA is mediated by PRDM1 in response to bortezomib. Furthermore, promoter studies and mutation/deletion analysis show that PRDM1 functions through specific sites in the PCNA proximal promoter and an MKI67 distal upstream repression domain. Together, these findings establish PRDM1 as a key mediator of bortezomib activity in MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Desai
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612
- Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida., Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Michelle Maurin
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Matthew A. Smith
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida., Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Sophia C.E. Bolick
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida., Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Sophie Dessureault
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida., Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Jianguo Tao
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida., Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Eduardo Sotomayor
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida., Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Kenneth L. Wright
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612
- Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida., Tampa, FL 33612
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida., Tampa, FL 33612
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida., Tampa, FL 33612
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Van Landeghem L, Mahé MM, Teusan R, Léger J, Guisle I, Houlgatte R, Neunlist M. Regulation of intestinal epithelial cells transcriptome by enteric glial cells: impact on intestinal epithelial barrier functions. BMC Genomics 2009; 10:507. [PMID: 19883504 PMCID: PMC2778665 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidences suggest that enteric glial cells (EGC), a major constituent of the enteric nervous system (ENS), are key regulators of intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) functions. Indeed EGC inhibit intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) proliferation and increase IEB paracellular permeability. However, the role of EGC on other important barrier functions and the signalling pathways involved in their effects are currently unknown. To achieve this goal, we aimed at identifying the impact of EGC upon IEC transcriptome by performing microarray studies. RESULTS EGC induced significant changes in gene expression profiling of proliferating IEC after 24 hours of co-culture. 116 genes were identified as differentially expressed (70 up-regulated and 46 down-regulated) in IEC cultured with EGC compared to IEC cultured alone. By performing functional analysis of the 116 identified genes using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, we showed that EGC induced a significant regulation of genes favoring both cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix adhesion as well as cell differentiation. Consistently, functional studies showed that EGC induced a significant increase in cell adhesion. EGC also regulated genes involved in cell motility towards an enhancement of cell motility. In addition, EGC profoundly modulated expression of genes involved in cell proliferation and cell survival, although no clear functional trend could be identified. Finally, important genes involved in lipid and protein metabolism of epithelial cells were shown to be differentially regulated by EGC. CONCLUSION This study reinforces the emerging concept that EGC have major protective effects upon the IEB. EGC have a profound impact upon IEC transcriptome and induce a shift in IEC phenotype towards increased cell adhesion and cell differentiation. This concept needs to be further validated under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Reis LO, Pereira TC, Favaro WJ, Cagnon VHA, Lopes-Cendes I, Ferreira U. Experimental animal model and RNA interference: a promising association for bladder cancer research. World J Urol 2009; 27:353-61. [PMID: 19214530 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-009-0374-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2008] [Accepted: 01/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Alshamsan A, Haddadi A, Incani V, Samuel J, Lavasanifar A, Uludağ H. Formulation and Delivery of siRNA by Oleic Acid and Stearic Acid Modified Polyethylenimine. Mol Pharm 2008; 6:121-33. [DOI: 10.1021/mp8000815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aws Alshamsan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2N8, Canada, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2V2, Canada, and Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G6, Canada
| | - Azita Haddadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2N8, Canada, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2V2, Canada, and Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G6, Canada
| | - Vanessa Incani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2N8, Canada, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2V2, Canada, and Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G6, Canada
| | - John Samuel
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2N8, Canada, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2V2, Canada, and Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G6, Canada
| | - Afsaneh Lavasanifar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2N8, Canada, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2V2, Canada, and Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G6, Canada
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2N8, Canada, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2V2, Canada, and Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G6, Canada
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Inhibition of renal cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo with oncolytic adenovirus armed short hairpin RNA targeting Ki-67 encoding mRNA. Cancer Gene Ther 2008; 16:20-32. [PMID: 18690204 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2008.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has been proved to be a powerful tool for gene knockdown purpose and holds great promise for the treatment of cancer. Our previous study demonstrated that the reduction of Ki-67 expression by means of chemically synthesized siRNAs and shRNAs expressed from plasmid resulted in proliferation inhibition in human renal carcinoma cells. In this study, we constructed a novel oncolytic adenovirus-based shRNA expression system, ZD55-Ki67, and explored ZD55-Ki67-mediated RNAi for Ki-67 gene silencing. Our results showed that ZD55-Ki67 could induce silencing of the Ki-67 gene effectively, allow for efficient tumor-specific viral replication and induce the apoptosis of tumor cells effectively in vitro and in nude mice. We conclude that combining shRNA gene therapy and oncolytic virotherapy can enhance antitumor efficacy as a result of synergism between CRAd oncolysis and shRNA antitumor responses.
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Zheng JN, Sun YF, Pei DS, Liu JJ, Ma TX, Han RF, Li W, Zheng DB, Chen JC, Sun XQ. Treatment with vector-expressed small hairpin RNAs against Ki67 RNA-induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in human renal carcinoma cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2006; 38:254-61. [PMID: 16604265 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7270.2006.00158.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) transcribed by RNA polymerase III promoters can trigger sequence-selective gene silencing in mammalian cells. By virtue of their excellent function in knocking down expression of cancer-associated genes, shRNAs could be used as new therapeutic agents for cancer. As overexpression of Ki67 in renal cancer has been correlated to a more aggressive tumor phenotype, inhibition of Ki67 protein expression by means of shRNAs seems to be a promising approach for the therapy of renal cancer. In this study, we constructed an expression plasmid encoding shRNAs against the Ki67 gene, named pSilencerKi67, and transfected it into human renal carcinoma cells. The pSilencerKi67 was shown to significantly knock down the expression of the Ki67 gene in human renal carcinoma cells, resulting in inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptotic cell death that can be maintained for at least 6 d. These findings offer the promise of using vector-based shRNAs against Ki67 in renal cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Nian Zheng
- Laboratory of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221002, China.
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