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Jain P, Parikh S, Patel P, Shah S, Patel K. Comprehensive insights into herbal P-glycoprotein inhibitors and nanoformulations for improving anti-retroviral therapy efficacy. J Drug Target 2024; 32:884-908. [PMID: 38748868 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2356751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The worldwide HIV cases were 39.0 million (33.1-45.7 million) in 2022. Due to genetic variations, HIV-1 is more easily transmitted than HIV-2 and favours CD4 + T cells and macrophages, producing AIDS. Conventional HIV drug therapy has many drawbacks, including adherence issues leading to resistance, side effects that lower life quality, drug interactions, high costs limiting global access, inability to eliminate viral reservoirs, chronicity requiring lifelong treatment, emerging toxicities, and a focus on managing infections. Conventional dosage forms have bioavailability issues due to intestinal P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux, which can reduce anti-retroviral drug efficacy and lead to resistance. Use of phyto-constituents with P-gp regulating actions has great benefits for semi-synthetic modification to create formulations with greater bioavailability and reduced toxicity, which improves drug effectiveness. Lipid-based nanocarriers, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, polymer-based nanocarriers, and inorganic nanoparticles may inhibit P-gp efflux. Employing potent P-gp inhibitors within nanocarriers as a Trojan horse approach can enhance the intracellular accumulation of anti-retroviral drugs (ARDs), which are substrates for efflux transporters. This technique increases oral bioavailability and offers lower-dose options, boosting HIV patient compliance and lowering costs. Molecular docking of the inhibitor with P-gp may anticipate optimum binding and function, allowing drug efflux to be minimised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prexa Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, L. J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Shreni Parikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, L. J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Paresh Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, L. J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Shreeraj Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, L. J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Kaushika Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, L. J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University, Ahmedabad, India
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Lee WH, Kung YY, Sun CK, Chang CH, Peng WY, Lin LC, Hsu CH, Yang MH, Tsai TH. The anti-COVID-19 drug nirmatrelvir crosses the blood‒brain barrier and exhibits herb-drug pharmacokinetic interactions with Scutellaria baicalensis formulations. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34820. [PMID: 39170551 PMCID: PMC11336326 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study Our hypothesis is that nirmatrelvir can penetrate the blood‒brain barrier and reach effective concentrations in the brain. Furthermore, herbal formulations can help maintain nirmatrelvir levels in the body, suggesting potential interactions between these medications. Materials and methods To investigate this hypothesis, an animal model combining multisite microdialysis, ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) methods was developed to monitor nirmatrelvir levels in the blood and brain of rats. Results The pharmacokinetic results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of nirmatrelvir in the blood and brain was 798.3 ± 58.56 and 187.2 ± 23.46 min μg/mL, respectively, after the administration of nirmatrelvir alone (15 mg/kg, iv). When the Scutellaria baicalensis formulations were administered for five consecutive days prior to drug administration, the AUC of nirmatrelvir in the blood increased. Conclusions These results provide constructive preclinical information that the concentrations of nirmatrelvir in the blood and brain were greater than the effective concentration (EC90) for more than 6 h, and the Scutellaria baicalensis formulations had synergistic pharmacokinetic effects by increasing the concentration of nirmatrelvir in the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Hsin Lee
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ying Kung
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Traditional Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kai Sun
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Chang
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ya Peng
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lie-Chwen Lin
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hua Hsu
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Branch of Linsen Chinese and Kunming, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Muh-Hwa Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Law and Interdisciplinary Studies, College of Law, National Chengchi University, Taipei, 116, Taiwan
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Henkel L, Jehn U, Thölking G, Reuter S. Tacrolimus-why pharmacokinetics matter in the clinic. FRONTIERS IN TRANSPLANTATION 2023; 2:1160752. [PMID: 38993881 PMCID: PMC11235362 DOI: 10.3389/frtra.2023.1160752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) Tacrolimus (Tac) is the most prescribed immunosuppressant drug after solid organ transplantation. After renal transplantation (RTx) approximately 95% of recipients are discharged with a Tac-based immunosuppressive regime. Despite the high immunosuppressive efficacy, its adverse effects, narrow therapeutic window and high intra- and interpatient variability (IPV) in pharmacokinetics require therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), which makes treatment with Tac a major challenge for physicians. The C/D ratio (full blood trough level normalized by daily dose) is able to classify patients receiving Tac into two major metabolism groups, which were significantly associated with the clinical outcomes of patients after renal or liver transplantation. Therefore, the C/D ratio is a simple but effective tool to identify patients at risk of an unfavorable outcome. This review highlights the challenges of Tac-based immunosuppressive therapy faced by transplant physicians in their daily routine, the underlying causes and pharmacokinetics (including genetics, interactions, and differences between available Tac formulations), and the latest data on potential solutions to optimize treatment of high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lino Henkel
- Department of Medicine D, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ulrich Jehn
- Department of Medicine D, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerold Thölking
- Department of Medicine D, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, University Hospital of Münster Marienhospital Steinfurt, Steinfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Reuter
- Department of Medicine D, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Song H, Wei C, Yang W, Niu Z, Gong M, Hu H, Wang H. Alpinetin suppresses CYP3A4, 2C9, and 2E1 activity in vitro. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:1032-1037. [PMID: 35634649 PMCID: PMC9154758 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2071450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Alpinetin, the major active constitutes of Alpinia katsumata Hayata (Zingiberaceae), has been demonstrated to possess the activity of anti-breast cancer. Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450s) plays vital roles in the biotransformation of various drugs. OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of alpinetin on the activity of CYP450s and estimate the inhibition characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The activity of CYP450s was evaluated in pooled human liver microsomes with corresponding substrates and marker reactions. The effect of alpinetin was compared with blank control (negative control) and corresponding inhibitors (positive control). The dose-dependent and time-dependent experiments were conducted in the presence of 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 μM alpinetin and incubated for 0, 5, 10, 15, and 30 min. RESULTS Alpinetin suppressed CYP3A4, 2C9, and 2E1 activity. All the inhibitions were significantly influenced by alpinetin contration with the IC50 values of 8.23 μM (CYP3A4), 12.64 μM (CYP2C9), and 10.97 μM (CYP2E1), respectively. The inhibition of CYP3A4 was fitted with the non-competitive model with a Ki value of 4.09 μM and was time-dependent with KI and Kinact values of 4.67 min and 0.041 μM-1, respectively. While CYP2C9 and 2E1 were inhibited by alpinetin competitively with Ki values of 6.42 (CYP2C9) and 5.40 μM (CYP2E1), respectively, in a time-independent manner. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The in vitro inhibitory effect of alpineticn on CYP3A, 2C9, and 2E1 implied the potential interaction of alpinetin or its origin herbs with the drugs metabolised by those CYP450s, which needs further in vivo validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Song
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuankui Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wu Yang
- Department of International Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaohe Niu
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingkai Gong
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Breast Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
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Bolla L, Srivastava P, Ravichandiran V, Nanjappan SK. Cytochrome P450 and P-gp Mediated Herb-Drug Interactions and Molecular Docking Studies of Garcinol. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:992. [PMID: 34940493 PMCID: PMC8705362 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Garcinol is an active constituent of Garcinia indica and Garcinia cambogia. Recent studies have proven that garcinol has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-oxidant activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effects of garcinol on the activities of the drug metabolizing cytochrome P450 (CYP) isozymes to predict potential herb-drug interactions with co-administered drugs. Garcinol was incubated with a mixture of rat liver microsomes and eight CYP probe substrate cocktail under optimized incubation conditions and the samples were analyzed using a validated method on LC-MS/MS. Garcinol showed strong inhibition with IC50 values of CYP1A2 (7.6 µM), CYP2C9 (8.0 µM), CYP2B6 (2.1 µM), CYP2D6 (9.5 µM), and CYP3A4 (5.1 µM), respectively, and moderate inhibition towards CYP2C19 (16.4 µM) and CYP2E1 (19.0 µM). Molecular docking studies were performed on garcinol against the active sites of CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 proteins. These results further confirmed that the inhibitory activity of garcinol occurred by occupying the active sites of these human CYPs and by making favorable interactions with its key residues. In-vivo CYP inhibition studies were carried out in Sprague-Dawley rats. These results suggest garcinol may cause herb-drug interactions, mediated by inhibition of CYPs involved in drug metabolism in-vivo by altering the pharmacokinetic parameters like AUC and Cmax in a clinically significant manner. Garcinol was found to upregulate the expression and activity of P-gp in western blotting study and P-gp inhibition study in-vivo. These findings give a clear understanding to predict potential herb-drug/drug-drug interactions of garcinol for safe clinical use in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Bolla
- Aragen Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd. (Formerly known as GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd.), IDA Nacharam, Hyderabad 500076, India; (L.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Pratima Srivastava
- Aragen Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd. (Formerly known as GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd.), IDA Nacharam, Hyderabad 500076, India; (L.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Velayutham Ravichandiran
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Satheesh Kumar Nanjappan
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
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Shi J, Weng JH, Mitchison TJ. Immunomodulatory drug discovery from herbal medicines: Insights from organ-specific activity and xenobiotic defenses. eLife 2021; 10:e73673. [PMID: 34779403 PMCID: PMC8592567 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional herbal medicines, which emphasize a holistic, patient-centric view of disease treatment, provide an exciting starting point for discovery of new immunomodulatory drugs. Progress on identification of herbal molecules with proven single agent activity has been slow, in part because of insufficient consideration of pharmacology fundamentals. Many molecules derived from medicinal plants exhibit low oral bioavailability and rapid clearance, leading to low systemic exposure. Recent research suggests that such molecules can act locally in the gut or liver to activate xenobiotic defense pathways that trigger beneficial systemic effects on the immune system. We discuss this hypothesis in the context of four plant-derived molecules with immunomodulatory activity: indigo, polysaccharides, colchicine, and ginsenosides. We end by proposing research strategies for identification of novel immunomodulatory drugs from herbal medicine sources that are informed by the possibility of local action in the gut or liver, leading to generation of systemic immune mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Shi
- Centre for Quantitative Systems Biology, Department of Physics and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina
| | - Jui-Hsia Weng
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan
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Zhang Y, Chen H, Zou M, Oerlemans R, Shao C, Ren Y, Zhang R, Huang X, Li G, Cong Y. Hypericin Inhibit Alpha-Coronavirus Replication by Targeting 3CL Protease. Viruses 2021; 13:v13091825. [PMID: 34578406 PMCID: PMC8473218 DOI: 10.3390/v13091825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an Alphacoronavirus (α-CoV) that causes high mortality in infected piglets, resulting in serious economic losses in the farming industry. Hypericin is a dianthrone compound that has been shown as an antiviral activity on several viruses. Here, we first evaluated the antiviral effect of hypericin in PEDV and found the viral replication and egression were significantly reduced with hypericin post-treatment. As hypericin has been shown in SARS-CoV-2 that it is bound to viral 3CLpro, we thus established a molecular docking between hypericin and PEDV 3CLpro using different software and found hypericin bound to 3CLpro through two pockets. These binding pockets were further verified by another docking between hypericin and PEDV 3CLpro pocket mutants, and the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay confirmed that hypericin inhibits the PEDV 3CLpro activity. Moreover, the alignments of α-CoV 3CLpro sequences or crystal structure revealed that the pockets mediating hypericin and PEDV 3CLpro binding were highly conserved, especially in transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). We then validated the anti-TGEV effect of hypericin through viral replication and egression. Overall, our results push forward that hypericin was for the first time shown to have an inhibitory effect on PEDV and TGEV by targeting 3CLpro, and it deserves further attention as not only a pan-anti-α-CoV compound but potentially also as a compound of other coronaviral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (M.Z.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Huijie Chen
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (M.Z.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (X.H.)
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Mengmeng Zou
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (M.Z.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Rick Oerlemans
- Department of Drug Design, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Changhao Shao
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (M.Z.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Yudong Ren
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, College of Electrical and Information Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Ruili Zhang
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (M.Z.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (M.Z.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Guangxing Li
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (M.Z.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (X.H.)
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yingying Cong
- Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.Z.); (H.C.); (M.Z.); (C.S.); (R.Z.); (X.H.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (Y.C.)
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Jokar MH, Sedighi S, Moradzadeh M. A comparative study of anti-leukemic effects of kaempferol and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on human leukemia HL-60 cells. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2021; 11:314-323. [PMID: 34290963 PMCID: PMC8264220 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2021.17604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is among the most threatening hematological malignant cancers. Defects in cell growth and apoptotic pathways lead to the pathogenesis of the disease as well as its resistance to therapy; therefore, it is a good model for examining pro-apoptotic agents. The present study compared the molecular mechanism induced by kaempferol and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) as well as all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), in HL-60 leukemia cells during five days. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell viability was determined by resazurin assay following treatment with ATRA (10 µM), EGCG, and kaempferol (12.5-100 µM), and apoptosis was detected by the ANX V/PI kit. Moreover, the levels of genes involved in apoptosis (PI3K, AKT, BCL2, BAX, P21, PTEN, CASP3, CASP8, and CASP9) and multi-drug resistance (MDR, ABCB1 and ABCC1) were assessed by using real-time PCR test. RESULTS Based on the findings, kaempferol decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis in HL60 cells more than EGCG. Apoptosis was induced via extrinsic and intrinsic pathways in HL60 cells by kaempferol and EGCG. In addition, kaempferol and EGCG increased apoptosis and inhibited MDR in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Kaempferol at high concentrations can be taken into consideration for treating patients with APL as compared with EGCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hassan Jokar
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Sayad Shirazi Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Equal first author
| | - Sima Sedighi
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Sayad Shirazi Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Equal first author
| | - Maliheh Moradzadeh
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Sayad Shirazi Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Tel: +981732239791, Fax: +981732239791,
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Natural Compounds in Glioblastoma Therapy: Preclinical Insights, Mechanistic Pathways, and Outlook. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102317. [PMID: 34065960 PMCID: PMC8150927 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma (GBM) is a tumor of the brain or spinal cord with poor clinical prognosis. Current interventions, such as chemotherapy and surgical tumor resection, are constrained by tumor invasion and cancer drug resistance. Dietary natural substances are therefore evaluated for their potential as agents in GBM treatment. Various substances found in fruits, vegetables, and other natural products restrict tumor growth and induce GBM cell death. These preclinical effects are promising but remain constrained by natural substances’ varying pharmacological properties. While many of the reviewed substances are available as over-the-counter supplements, their anti-GBM efficacy should be corroborated by clinical trials moving forward. Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive, often fatal astrocyte-derived tumor of the central nervous system. Conventional medical and surgical interventions have greatly improved survival rates; however, tumor heterogeneity, invasiveness, and chemotherapeutic resistance continue to pose clinical challenges. As such, dietary natural substances—an integral component of the lifestyle medicine approach to chronic diseases—are examined as potential chemotherapeutic agents. These heterogenous substances exert anti-GBM effects by upregulating apoptosis and autophagy, inducing cell cycle arrest, interfering with tumor metabolism, and inhibiting proliferation, neuroinflammation, chemoresistance, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Although these beneficial effects are promising, natural substances’ efficacy in GBM is constrained by their bioavailability and blood–brain barrier permeability; various chemical formulations are proposed to improve their pharmacological properties. Many of the reviewed substances are available as over-the-counter dietary supplements, underscoring their viability as lifestyle interventions. However, clinical trials remain necessary to substantiate the in vitro and in vivo properties of natural substances.
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Espinosa-Juárez JV, Jaramillo-Morales OA, Déciga-Campos M, Moreno-Rocha LA, López-Muñoz FJ. Sigma-1 receptor antagonist (BD-1063) potentiates the antinociceptive effect of quercetin in neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury. Drug Dev Res 2021; 82:267-277. [PMID: 33051885 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is characterized by the presence of hyperalgesia and allodynia. Pharmacological treatments include the use of antiepileptics such as pregabalin or gabapentin, as well as antidepressants; however, given the role of the sigma-1 receptor in the generation and maintenance of pain, it has been suggested that sigma-1 receptor antagonists may be effective. There are also other alternatives that have been explored, such as the use of flavonoids such as quercetin. Due to the relevance of drug combinations in therapeutics, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the combination of BD-1063 with quercetin in a chronic sciatic nerve constriction model using the "Surface of Synergistic Interaction" analysis method. The combination had preferable additive or synergistic effects, with BD-1063 (17.8 mg/kg) + QUER (5.6 mg/kg) showing the best antinociceptive effects. The required doses were also lower than those used individually to obtain the same level of effect. Our results provide the first evidence that the combination of a sigma-1 receptor antagonist and the flavonoid quercetin may be useful in the treatment of nociceptive behaviors associated with neuropathic pain, suggesting a new therapeutic alternative for this type of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué Vidal Espinosa-Juárez
- Escuela de Ciencias Químicas sede Ocozocoautla, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Ocozocoautla de Espinosa, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Osmar Antonio Jaramillo-Morales
- Departamento de Enfermería y Obstetricia. División de Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Universidad de Guanajuato. Carretera Irapuato-Silao km. 9, El copal, complejo 2 de la DICIVA, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Myrna Déciga-Campos
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis Alfonso Moreno-Rocha
- Departamento Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, México City, Mexico
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Ossama M, Hathout RM, Attia DA, Mortada ND. Augmented cytotoxicity using the physical adsorption of Poloxamer 188 on allicin-loaded gelatin nanoparticles. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:664-672. [PMID: 33772296 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this work was to study the effect of the physically adsorbed Poloxamer 188 coating polymer on the cytotoxic activity of allicin-loaded gelatin nanoparticles. METHODS The double desolvation method was utilised to prepare the nanoparticles which were characterised for particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential and visualised using transmission electron microscopy. The coating density of the used polymer was determined using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR); 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity on HepG-2 cell lines. KEY FINDINGS The particles were spherical possessing a PS of 714 ± 25.21 nm and a PDI of 0.663 ± 0.143. These results together with the 1H-NMR results analysis confirmed the efficient coating of Poloxamer 188. The coating of particles rendered them more cytotoxic, scoring an IC50 of 6.736 µm (2-folds lower than the uncoated counter parts and 4-folds lesser than the allicin solution), and apt for cancer-targeting. Moreover, the prepared nanoparticles were stable to gamma-sterilisation and to a storage of 12 months. CONCLUSIONS Augmented cytotoxicity on HepG-2 cell lines was obtained using the physical adsorption of an abundant and relatively cheap material, Poloxamer 188, on allicin-loaded gelatin nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Ossama
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M Hathout
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia A Attia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nahed D Mortada
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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12
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Raju B, Choudhary S, Narendra G, Verma H, Silakari O. Molecular modeling approaches to address drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) mediated chemoresistance: a review. Drug Metab Rev 2021; 53:45-75. [PMID: 33535824 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.1874406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Resistance against clinically approved anticancer drugs is the main roadblock in cancer treatment. Drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) that are capable of metabolizing a variety of xenobiotic get overexpressed in malignant cells, therefore, catalyzing drug inactivation. As evident from the literature reports, the levels of DMEs increase in cancer cells that ultimately lead to drug inactivation followed by drug resistance. To puzzle out this issue, several strategies inclusive of analog designing, prodrug designing, and inhibitor designing have been forged. On that front, the implementation of computational tools can be considered a fascinating approach to address the problem of chemoresistance. Various research groups have adopted different molecular modeling tools for the investigation of DMEs mediated toxicity problems. However, the utilization of these in-silico tools in maneuvering the DME mediated chemoresistance is least considered and yet to be explored. These tools can be employed in the designing of such chemotherapeutic agents that are devoid of the resistance problem. The current review canvasses various molecular modeling approaches that can be implemented to address this issue. Special focus was laid on the development of specific inhibitors of DMEs. Additionally, the strategies to bypass the DMEs mediated drug metabolism were also contemplated in this report that includes analogs and pro-drugs designing. Different strategies discussed in the review will be beneficial in designing novel chemotherapeutic agents that depreciate the resistance problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baddipadige Raju
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
| | - Shalki Choudhary
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
| | - Gera Narendra
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
| | - Himanshu Verma
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
| | - Om Silakari
- Molecular Modeling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
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13
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Antiproliferative Effects of St. John's Wort, Its Derivatives, and Other Hypericum Species in Hematologic Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010146. [PMID: 33375664 PMCID: PMC7795730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypericum is a widely present plant, and extracts of its leaves, flowers, and aerial elements have been employed for many years as therapeutic cures for depression, skin wounds, and respiratory and inflammatory disorders. Hypericum also displays an ample variety of other biological actions, such as hypotensive, analgesic, anti-infective, anti-oxidant, and spasmolytic abilities. However, recent investigations highlighted that this species could be advantageous for the cure of other pathological situations, such as trigeminal neuralgia, as well as in the treatment of cancer. This review focuses on the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum), its derivatives, and other Hypericum species in hematologic malignancies. Hypericum induces apoptosis in both myeloid and lymphoid cells. Other Hypericum targets include matrix metalloproteinase-2, vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metalloproteinase-9, which are mediators of cell migration and angiogenesis. Hypericum also downregulates the expression of proteins that are involved in the resistance of leukemia cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Finally, Hypericum and its derivatives appear to have photodynamic effects and are candidates for applications in tumor photodynamic therapy. Although the in vitro studies appear promising, controlled in vivo studies are necessary before we can hypothesize the introduction of Hypericum and its derivatives into clinical practice for the treatment of hematologic malignancies.
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Ha Y, Wang T, Li J, Li J, Lu R, Li J, Chen L, Gan P. Herb-Drug Interaction Potential of Licorice Extract and Paclitaxel: A Pharmacokinetic Study in Rats. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2020; 45:257-264. [PMID: 31820303 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-019-00593-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Licorice is the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (Leguminosae), which is often used with paclitaxel to alleviate paclitaxel-induced pain in clinics. However, the herb-drug interaction between licorice and paclitaxel is still unknown. Our study evaluates the effects of oral licorice on the paclitaxel in rats via pharmacokinetic studies. METHODS A simple and rapid ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was developed to determine paclitaxel in rat. SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 6 animals each as follows: two groups of rats that were pretreated with a daily gavage of licorice (3 g/kg) for 1 or 14 successive days; Control group that was administered distilled water. All rats were then intravenously administered with paclitaxel (3 mg/kg). RESULTS The results showed that 14 days pretreatment of licorice could decrease the area under the curve (AUC0-t) (from 7483.08 ± 528.78 to 6679.12 ± 266.56 mg/L × h) (P < 0.01), and increase the total clearance (CL) (from 0.36 ± 0.02 to 0.39 ± 0.02 L/h/kg) of paclitaxel (P < 0.01). However, a single co-administration of licorice did not significantly alter the pharmacokinetic parameters of paclitaxel, such as AUC0-t (from 7483.08 ± 528.78 to 7201.24 ± 292.76 mg/L × h) (P > 0.05) and CL (from 0.36 ± 0.02 to 0.36 ± 0.01 L/h/kg) (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results will contribute to better use of licorice in the adjunctive therapy and provide information to study the interaction between herbs and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinuer Ha
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Tingrui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Central Hospital, Binzhou Medical College, Binzhou, 251700, China
| | - Jianhuang Li
- Department of Oncology,Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 of Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Urumchi Middle Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ruohuang Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of New Drug R&D, JS InnoPharm(Shanghai) Ltd., Shanghai, 201319, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Pingping Gan
- Department of Oncology,Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 of Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Kühnl J, Tao TP, Brandmair K, Gerlach S, Rings T, Müller-Vieira U, Przibilla J, Genies C, Jaques-Jamin C, Schepky A, Marx U, Hewitt NJ, Maschmeyer I. Characterization of application scenario-dependent pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic properties of permethrin and hyperforin in a dynamic skin and liver multi-organ-chip model. Toxicology 2020; 448:152637. [PMID: 33220337 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Microphysiological systems (MPS) aim to mimic the dynamic microenvironment and the interaction between tissues. While MPS exist for investigating pharmaceuticals, the applicability of MPS for cosmetics ingredients is yet to be evaluated. The HUMIMIC Chip2 ("Chip2″), is the first multi-organ chip technology to incorporate skin models, allowing for the topical route to be tested. Therefore, we have used this model to analyze the impact of different exposure scenarios on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of two topically exposed chemicals, hyperforin and permethrin. The Chip2 incorporated reconstructed human epidermis models (EpiDerm™) and HepaRG-stellate spheroids. Initial experiments using static incubations of single organoids helped determine the optimal dose. In the Chip2 studies, parent and metabolites were analyzed in the circuit over 5 days after application of single and repeated topical or systemic doses. The gene expression of relevant xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in liver spheroids was measured to reflect toxicodynamics effects of the compounds in liver. The results show that 1) metabolic capacities of EpiDerm™ and liver spheroids were maintained over five days; 2) EpiDerm™ model barrier function remained intact; 3) repeated application of compounds resulted in higher concentrations of parent chemicals and most metabolites compared to single application; 4) compound-specific gene induction e.g. induction of CYP3A4 by hyperforin depended on the application route and frequency; 5) different routes of application influenced the systemic concentrations of both parents and metabolites in the chip over the course of the experiment; 6) there was excellent intra- and inter-lab reproducibility. For permethrin, a process similar to the excretion in a human in vivo study could be simulated which was remarkably comparable to the in vivo situation. These results support the use of the Chip2 model to provide information on parent and metabolite disposition that may be relevant to risk assessment of topically applied cosmetics ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Kühnl
- Beiersdorf AG, Unnastraße 48, D-20253, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Thi Phuong Tao
- TissUse GmbH, Oudenarder Str. 16, D-13347, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Silke Gerlach
- Beiersdorf AG, Unnastraße 48, D-20253, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thamée Rings
- Beiersdorf AG, Unnastraße 48, D-20253, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Julia Przibilla
- Pharmacelsus GmbH, Science Park 2, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Uwe Marx
- TissUse GmbH, Oudenarder Str. 16, D-13347, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicola J Hewitt
- Cosmetics Europe, Avenue Herrmann-Debroux 40, 1160, Auderghem, Belgium
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16
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Ali AS, Almalki AS, Alharthy BT. Effect of Kaempferol on Tacrolimus-Induced Nephrotoxicity and Calcineurin B1 Expression Level in Animal Model. J Exp Pharmacol 2020; 12:397-407. [PMID: 33149706 PMCID: PMC7604448 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s265359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The kidneys are considered one of the most susceptible organs for adverse drug effects, particularly in post-transplant conditions. Tacrolimus (FK506), a calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressant, is an essential component in the transplantation regimen. Despite that, nephrotoxicity is a severe drawback for its chronic utilization, where oxidative stress might be implicated. Kaempferol (KMF) is a natural flavonoid that has many adaptable biological activities, including antioxidant action. OBJECTIVE Exploring the KMF protective effect on FK506-induced nephrotoxicity and the underlying role of calcineurin B1. METHODS Twenty-four male albino-Wistar rats were randomly divided into three equal groups. The control group received solvents: propylene glycol, i.p. and 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose, PO; FK506 group was injected with FK506 (0.6 mg/kg, i.p.), and FK506+KMF group was given FK506 (0.6 mg/kg, i.p.) and KMF (10 mg/kg, PO). The treatment regimen for all groups was once daily for 30 days. ELISA technique applied for measuring FK506 trough level and nephrotoxicity biomarkers in serum (cystatin C and urea) on days 15 and 30, and in kidney tissue homogenate (MDA and calcineurin B1) on day 30. RESULTS In FK506-treated rats, the FK506 trough level was 7.84 ± 1.31 ug/l on day 15 and 9.54 ± 1.45 ug/l on day 30. FK506 use has significantly (P<0.01) increased biomarkers levels of cystatin C (325% and 477%), urea (177% and 245%), MDA (1253%), except calcineurin B1 that has decreased (97%). The KMF combination has resulted in a significant reduction in the FK506 trough level by day 30 (6.79 ± 1.35 ug/l, P<0.01). KMF has significantly ameliorated the levels of cystatin C (46% and 73%, P<0.001), urea (38% and 68%, P<0.001), MDA (75%, P<0.001), and calcineurin B1 (1833%, P<0.05). CONCLUSION Oxidative stress and calcineurin B1 are contributing factors in FK506-induced nephrotoxicity. Hence, inhibition of calcineurin enzyme is not limited to the immune cells. KMF could be a novel nephroprotective antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Shaker Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abdullah Saddah Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,Department of Pharmacy, Ajyad Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Correspondence: Abdullah Saddah AlmalkiMakkah24268 – 9382, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Tel +966 126401000 - Ext 20151Fax +966 126400855 Email
| | - Basma Tarek Alharthy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Wagle SR, Kovacevic B, Walker D, Ionescu CM, Shah U, Stojanovic G, Kojic S, Mooranian A, Al-Salami H. Alginate-based drug oral targeting using bio-micro/nano encapsulation technologies. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:1361-1376. [PMID: 32597249 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1789587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral delivery is the most common administrated drug delivery path. However, oral administration of lipophilic drugs has some limitations: they have poor dose-response due to low and varied dissolution kinetics and oral bioavailability with sub-optimal dissolution within the aqueous gastrointestinal microenvironment. Therefore, there is a need for robust formulating methods that protect the drug until it reaches to its optimum absorption site, allowing its optimum pharmacological effects via increasing its intestinal permeation and bioavailability. AREA COVERED Herein, we provide insights on orally administered lipophilic drug delivery systems. The detailed description of the obstacles associated with the oral bioavailability of lipophilic drugs are also discussed. Following this, techniques to overcome these obstacles with much emphasis on optimal safety and efficacy are addressed. Newly designed ionic vibrational jet flow encapsulation technology has enormous growth in lipophilic drug delivery systems, which is discussed thereafter. EXPERT OPINION Researchers have shown interest in drug's encapsulation. A combination of drug-bile acid and microencapsulation methods can be one promising strategy to improve the oral delivery of lipophilic drugs. However, the most critical aspect of this approach is the selection of bile acids, polymer, and encapsulation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susbin Raj Wagle
- Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bozica Kovacevic
- Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel Walker
- Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Corina Mihaela Ionescu
- Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Umar Shah
- Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University , Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Goran Stojanovic
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Sanja Kojic
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Armin Mooranian
- Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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18
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Lin S, Chang C, Hsu C, Tsai M, Cheng H, Leong MK, Sung P, Chen J, Weng C. Natural compounds as potential adjuvants to cancer therapy: Preclinical evidence. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:1409-1423. [PMID: 31368509 PMCID: PMC7056458 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional chemotherapy is being considered due to hindrances caused by systemic toxicity. Currently, the administration of multiple chemotherapeutic drugs with different biochemical/molecular targets, known as combination chemotherapy, has attained numerous benefits like efficacy enhancement and amelioration of adverse effects that has been broadly applied to various cancer types. Additionally, seeking natural-based alternatives with less toxicity has become more important. Experimental evidence suggests that herbal extracts such as Solanum nigrum and Claviceps purpurea and isolated herbal compounds (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, and matairesinol) combined with antitumoral drugs have the potential to attenuate resistance against cancer therapy and to exert chemoprotective actions. Plant products are not free of risks: Herb adverse effects, including herb-drug interactions, should be carefully considered. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on The Pharmacology of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shian‐Ren Lin
- Department of Life Science and Institute of BiotechnologyNational Dong Hwa UniversityHualienTaiwan
| | - Chia‐Hsiang Chang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of BiotechnologyNational Dong Hwa UniversityHualienTaiwan
| | - Che‐Fang Hsu
- Department of Life Science and Institute of BiotechnologyNational Dong Hwa UniversityHualienTaiwan
- Center for Prevention and Therapy of Gynaecological Cancers, Department of ResearchTzu Chi HospitalHualienTaiwan
| | - May‐Jwan Tsai
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Neurological InstituteTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Henrich Cheng
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Neurological InstituteTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipei CityTaiwan
| | - Max K. Leong
- Department of ChemistryNational Dong Hwa UniversityHualienTaiwan
| | - Ping‐Jyun Sung
- Graduate Institute of Marine BiotechnologyNational Dong Hwa UniversityPingtungTaiwan
| | - Jian‐Chyi Chen
- Department of BiotechnologySouthern Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyTainan CityTaiwan
| | - Ching‐Feng Weng
- Graduate Institute of Marine BiotechnologyNational Dong Hwa UniversityPingtungTaiwan
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Center for Transitional MedicineXiamen Medical CollegeXiamenChina
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19
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Abdulla D. Immigrant Usage Patterns of Natural Health Products: Role in Pharmacoeconomics. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401315666181206120420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Understanding patterns and drivers for natural health product (NHP) usage
among immigrants is essential in the provision of appropriate health care; many studies have elucidated
NHP utilization among immigrants; however, few have considered impacts of concurrent NHP
and prescription medication usage.
Objective:
The study aims to determine new immigrant NHP usage patterns (including concurrent
usage with prescription medications) and to discern economic impacts driving concurrent usage.
Methods:
A survey questionnaire was administered to local new immigrants during English Language
Training classes.
Results:
Most participants understood the NHP definition and would take an NHP for the same disease
or condition they would normally take a prescription medication for. Many participants agreed
that NHPs are not safe however were unable to provide robust examples of unsafe NHP usage. With
regard to purchases of medicines for short and long term illnesses, a high percentage of participants
would purchase the prescription medication for a short term illness over the NHP; however this percentage
decreases in the event of a long term illness, with more participants relying on NHPs to remedy
their long term illness symptoms.
Conclusion:
Pharmacoeconomics tends to be a major driver for immigrant utilization of NHPs, and
is a stronger influencer of use compared to ethnicity or parenteral usage of such products. This pharmacoeconomic
correlation in the preference to use NHPs over prescription medications tends to be
more observable for chronic and long term conditions (compared to short term illnesses).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalya Abdulla
- Pharmacy Technician Program, Sheridan College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, 7899 McLaughlin Road, Brampton, ON, L6Y 5H9, Canada
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20
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Xu L, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Dai X, Gao Y, Lv Y, Qin S, Xu F. Integrated Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology Strategy-Driven Active Traditional Chinese Medicine Ingredients Discovery for the Alleviation of Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:2411-2421. [PMID: 31682104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Renal injury is the main adverse reaction of cisplatin, and many traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) were proven active against renal toxicity. Here, an integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology strategy was proposed to discover active TCM ingredients for the alleviation of cisplatin nephrotoxicity. First, by interrogating the Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) we collected targets connected to 149 cisplatin nephrotoxicity-related metabolites. Second, targets of kidney damage were obtained from the Therapeutic Target Database (TTD), PharmGKB, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), and Genetic Association Database (GAD). Common targets of both dysregulated metabolites and kidney damage were then used for TCM active ingredient screening by applying the network pharmacology approach. Eventually, 22 ingredients passed screening criteria, and their antinephrotoxicity activity was assessed in human kidney tubular epithelial (HK2) cells. As a result, 14 ingredients were found to be effective, in which kaempferol showed relatively better activity. Further metabolomics analysis revealed that kaempferol exerted an antinephrotoxicity effect in rats by regulating amino acid, pyrimidine, and purine metabolism as well as lipid metabolism. Collectively, this proposed integrated strategy would promote the transformation of metabolomics research in the field of drug pair discovery for the purpose of reduced toxicity and increased efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China.,Suzhou Dushuhu Public Hospital , Dushuhu Public Hospital Affiliated with Soochow University , Suzhou 215000 , China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital , The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing 210008 , China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China.,Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR) , Gunma University , Gunma 371-8510 , Japan.,Division of Physiological Chemistry 2, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics , Karolinska Institutet , 171 77 Solna , Sweden
| | - Xiaomin Dai
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Yiqiao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Yingtong Lv
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Siyuan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Fengguo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
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Li J, Di L, Cheng X, Ji W, Piao H, Cheng G, Zou M. The characteristics and mechanism of co-administration of lovastatin solid dispersion with kaempferol to increase oral bioavailability. Xenobiotica 2019; 50:593-601. [PMID: 31505985 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2019.1662136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Lovastatin shows low bioavailability (lower than 5%) after oral administration because of the poor aqueous solubility and widely metabolized by CYP3A4.Lovastatin solid dispersion was designed to enhance the dissolution. The in vitro intestinal absorption study indicated an increase in the apparent permeability of different intestinal segments compared with crude lovastatin. In the range of 12.5-50 μg/ml, the absorption of both lovastatin and lovastatin solid dispersion were found to be a passive process in rat's jejunum and ileum, but not endocytosis process. CYP3A4 inhibitor (ketoconazole) significantly increased the intestinal absorption of lovastatin and lovastatin solid dispersion. However, P-glycoprotein efflux inhibitor (verapamil) had little effect on them.The absolute bioavailability of lovastatin and lovastatin acid after oral administration of lovastatin solid dispersion were increased by about 2.01-fold and 1.40-fold than that of lovastatin suspension. The oral bioavailability of lovastatin and lovastatin acid after oral administration of lovastatin solid dispersion with 10 mg/kg kaempferol (CYP3A4 inhibitor) were increased about 3.79-fold and 2.51-fold than that of lovastatin suspension, and the absolute bioavailability of lovastatin was up to 33.0%.As a result, co-administration of lovastatin solid dispersion with kaempferol could be a promising delivery system to improve the oral bioavailability of lovastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liuying Di
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,STA Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiwen Ji
- Pharmaceutical Engineering College, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongyu Piao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Meijuan Zou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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22
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Qi X, Dou T, Wang Z, Wu J, Yang L, Zeng S, Deng M, Lü M, Liang S. Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 2A6 by 7-hydroxycoumarin analogues: Analysis of the structure-activity relationship and isoform selectivity. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 136:104944. [PMID: 31163215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Compared with coumarin, 7-hydroxycoumarin could serve as a better hit for developing CYP2A6 inhibitors. In this study, a series of 7-hydroxycoumarin and its structural analogues were collected to study their structure-activity relationship (SAR) and isoform selectivity for inhibiting CYP2A6. All tested coumarins except a C4 phenyl derivative (11) showed higher inhibitory activities for CYP2A6 over the other CYP isoforms, including CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, CYP2C8, and CYP2C9. Of these coumarins, 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin (1) and 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin (9) were found to be potent inhibitors of CYP2A6 with IC50/Ki value of 0.39/0.25 and 4.61/3.02 μM, respectively, compared to methoxalen as positive control (IC50/Ki = 0.43/0.26 μM). In contrast, other coumarins showed low or decreased CYP2A6-inhibiting activities. SAR analysis showed that hydroxy groups might be important for CYP2A6 inhibition, and the rank order of sites for hydroxy substitution was C6 > C7 > C8. In addition, either hydrophobic or hydrophilic substituents introduced into C4, C6 and C8 led to a reduction in CYP2A6-inhibiting activity, and the degree of influence was dependent on the size and electrical charge of substituents. Furthermore, inhibition kinetic analysis and docking simulations demonstrated that the 8-O-glucosylated coumarin derivative (17) exhibited noncompetitive inhibition against CYP2A6, while competitive inhibition patterns were noted for the other tested coumarins. The mechanisms underlying the inhibitors binding to CYP2A6 were further investigated by molecular docking study. The findings presented herein are very helpful for developing highly selective and more potent CYP2A6 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Qi
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; The Pharmacy School of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tongyi Dou
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Zhongqiong Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- The Pharmacy School of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingming Deng
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Muhan Lü
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Sicheng Liang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; The Pharmacy School of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China.
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23
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Mashayekhi-Sardoo H, Mohammadpour AH, Nomani H, Sahebkar A. The effect of diabetes mellitus on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and adverse drug reactions of anticancer drugs. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19339-19351. [PMID: 31017666 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and cancer are global problems carrying huge human, social, and economic impact. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with an increased risk for a number of cancers, including breast, pancreatic, and liver cancer. Moreover, adverse drug reactions are higher in paitents with cancer with T2DM compared to cancer patients without T2DM. Cellular mechanisms of hyperglycemia and chemotherapy efficacy may be different depending upon the particular cancer type and the condition of the patient. This review evaluates the effect of DM on the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and adverse drug reactions of commonly used anticancer drugs such as cisplatin, methotrexate, paclitaxel, doxorubicin, and adriamycin in both clinical and animal models. A literature search was conducted in scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar including the relevant keywords. The results of the effectiveness of anticancer therapies in patients with DM are, however, inconsistent because DM can negatively impact multiple diverse entities including nerves and vascular structures, insulin-like growth factor 1, the function of the innate immune system, drug pharmacokinetics, the expression levels of hepatic CYP450 , Mdr 1b and enzymes that then lead to drug toxicity. However, in a few circumstances, DM led to attenuation of the toxicity of anticancer drugs secondary to attenuation of the energy-dependent renal uptake process. Overall, the impact of DM on patients with cancer is variable because of the diverse types of cancers and the spectrum of anticancer drugs. With respect to the evidence for cancer involvement in DM pathophysiology and the response to anticancer treatment in patients with DM, many questions still remain and further clinical trials are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habibeh Mashayekhi-Sardoo
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Hooshang Mohammadpour
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Homa Nomani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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24
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Clairet AL, Boiteux-Jurain M, Curtit E, Jeannin M, Gérard B, Nerich V, Limat S. Interaction between phytotherapy and oral anticancer agents: prospective study and literature review. Med Oncol 2019; 36:45. [PMID: 30993543 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-019-1267-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is becoming more prevalent in elderly patient. Due to polypharmacy, older adults with cancer are predisposed to drug-drug interactions. There is also an increasing interest in the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Thirty to seventy percent of patients with cancer have used CAM. Through pharmaceutical counseling sessions, we can provide advices on herb-drug interactions (HDI). All the patients seen in pharmaceutical counseling sessions were prospectively included. Information was collected during these sessions: prescribed medication (oral anticancer agents (OAA) and other drugs), CAM (phytotherapy especially), and use of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. If pharmacist considered an interaction or an intervention clinically relevant, the oncologist was notified. Then, a literature review was realized to identify the potential HDI (no interactions, precautions for use, contraindication). Among 201 pharmacist counseling sessions, it resulted in 104 interventions related to 46 HDI, 28 drug-drug interactions and 30 others (wrong dosage, omission…). To determine HDI, we review 73 medicinal plants which are used by our patients with cancer and 31 OAA. A total of 1829 recommendations were formulated about 59 (75%) medical plants and their interaction with an OAA. Herb-drug interactions should not be ignored by healthcare providers in their management of cancer patients in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Clairet
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Marie Boiteux-Jurain
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Elsa Curtit
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, 25000, Besançon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Marie Jeannin
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Blandine Gérard
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Virginie Nerich
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France.
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, 25000, Besançon, France.
| | - Samuel Limat
- Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital of Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, 25000, Besançon, France
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25
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Berth-Jones J, Exton LS, Ladoyanni E, Mohd Mustapa MF, Tebbs VM, Yesudian PD, Levell NJ. British Association of Dermatologists guidelines for the safe and effective prescribing of oral ciclosporin in dermatology 2018. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1312-1338. [PMID: 30653672 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Berth-Jones
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, U.K
| | - L S Exton
- British Association of Dermatologists, Willan House, London, W1T 5HQ, U.K
| | - E Ladoyanni
- Department of Dermatology, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley, DY1 2HQ, U.K
| | - M F Mohd Mustapa
- British Association of Dermatologists, Willan House, London, W1T 5HQ, U.K
| | - V M Tebbs
- formerly of George Eliot Hospital, College Street, Nuneaton, CV10 7DJ, U.K
| | - P D Yesudian
- Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Croesnewydd Road, Wrexham, LL13 7TD, U.K
| | - N J Levell
- Dermatology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Colney Lane, Norwich, NR4 7UY, U.K
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Abstract
The history of digitalis is rich and interesting, with the first use usually attributed to William Withering and his study on the foxglove published in 1785. However, some knowledge of plants with digitalis-like effects used for congestive heart failure (CHF) was in evidence as early as Roman times. The active components of the foxglove (Digitalis purpurea and Digitalis lanata) are classified as cardiac glycosides or cardiotonic steroids and include the well-known digitalis leaf, digitoxin, and digoxin; ouabain is a rapid-acting glycoside usually obtained from Strophanthus gratus. These drugs are potent inhibitors of cellular membrane sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase). For most of the twentieth century, digitalis and its derivatives, especially digoxin, were the available standard of care for CHF. However, as the century closed, many doubts, especially regarding safety, were raised about their use as other treatments for CHF, such as decreasing the preload of the left ventricle, were developed. Careful attention is needed to maintain the serum digoxin level at ≤ 1.0 ng/ml because of the very narrow therapeutic window of the medication. Evidence for benefit exists for CHF with reduced ejection fraction (EF), also referred to as heart failure with reduced EF (HFrEF), especially when considering the combination of mortality, morbidity, and decreased hospitalizations. However, the major support for using digoxin is in atrial fibrillation (AF) with a rapid ventricular response when a rate control approach is planned. The strongest support of all for digoxin is for its use in rate control in AF in the presence of a marginal blood pressure, since all other rate control medications contribute to additional hypotension. In summary, these days, digoxin appears to be of most use in HFrEF and in AF with rapid ventricular response for rate control, especially when associated with hypotension. The valuable history of the foxglove continues; it has been modified but not relegated to the garden or the medical history book, as some would advocate.
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Vora A, Varghese A, Kachwala Y, Bhaskar M, Laddha A, Jamal A, Yadav P. Eugenia jambolana extract reduces the systemic exposure of Sitagliptin and improves conditions associated with diabetes: A pharmacokinetic and a pharmacodynamic herb-drug interaction study. J Tradit Complement Med 2018; 9:364-371. [PMID: 31453133 PMCID: PMC6702134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Eugenia jambolana (EJ) is an Indian traditional herb widely used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This herb is globally marketed as single or multi herb formulations. Many diabetes patients consume EJ extract oral hypoglycemic drugs together. This calls for a need to assess risks versus benefit of this co-administration. In present investigation, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions of aqueous extract of EJ seeds at the dose of 400 mg/kg are studied with 10 mg/kg of oral hypoglycaemic drug sitagliptin (SITA) by co-administrating them for 28 days in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. The pharmacokinetic parameters of SITA were determined using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and it was found that the combination treatment reduces the systemic exposure of SITA by showing 38.70% reduction in concentration maximum (Cmax) and 22.40% reduction in area under curve (AUC). Despite low levels of SITA, the combination demonstrated a significant reduction in blood glucose level when compared with individual drug and individual extract administered groups during pharmacodynamic study. In addition, the liver function, the kidney function and the lipid parameters were found to be significantly improved and beneficial effects were found with respect to food intake and water intake and urine output in case of combination treatment groups when compared with individual treatment groups. Histopathological examination of pancreatic tissue suggests its significant recovery of having normal acinus with better cell protection in combination treatment. In conclusion, the combination treatment demonstrated reduced systemic exposure of SITA without compromising on its antihyperglycemic activity and improvement in conditions associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vora
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, India
| | - A Varghese
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, India
| | - Y Kachwala
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, India
| | - M Bhaskar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, India
| | - A Laddha
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, India
| | - A Jamal
- Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Ministry of Ayush, Government of India, India
| | - P Yadav
- Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Ministry of Ayush, Government of India, India
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28
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Yang MS, Yu CP, Huang CY, Chao PDL, Lin SP, Hou YC. Aloe activated P-glycoprotein and CYP 3A: a study on the serum kinetics of aloe and its interaction with cyclosporine in rats. Food Funct 2018; 8:315-322. [PMID: 28009901 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00938g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aloe, the leaf juice of Aloe vera, is a popular functional food worldwide. The major constituents of aloe are polyphenolic anthranoids such as aloin, aloe-emodin and rhein. Cyclosporine (CSP), an immunosuppressant with a narrow therapeutic window, is a probe substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an efflux pump, and CYP 3A4. This study first investigated the serum kinetics of aloe, then evaluated the modulation effects of aloe on P-gp and CYP 3A through an aloe-CSP interaction study in rats. The serum kinetic study showed that aloe-emodin glucuronides (G) and rhein sulfates/glucuronides (S/G) were major molecules in the bloodstream. The aloe-CSP interaction study showed that the systemic exposure to CSP was significantly decreased by either a single dose or multiple doses of aloe. The results of in vitro studies indicated that aloe activated P-gp and aloe metabolites activated CYP 3A4. In conclusion, aloe ingestion activated the functions of P-gp and CYP 3A in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Syuan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 404, Republic of China.
| | - Chung-Ping Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 404, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Ya Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 404, Republic of China
| | - Pei-Dawn Lee Chao
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 404, Republic of China.
| | - Shiuan-Pey Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 404, Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Chi Hou
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 404, Republic of China. and Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 404, Republic of China
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Drug-Drug Interactions (DDIs) in Psychiatric Practice, Part 2: Strategies to Minimize Adverse Outcomes From Unintended DDIs. J Psychiatr Pract 2018; 24:341-347. [PMID: 30427821 DOI: 10.1097/pra.0000000000000335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This column is the second in a series exploring drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with a special emphasis on psychiatric medications. The first column in this series discussed why patients being treated with psychiatric medications are at increased risk for taking multiple medications and thus experiencing DDIs and how to recognize such DDIs, and strategies for avoiding them. This second column in the series discusses strategies for minimizing adverse outcomes from such unintended DDIs. Given the huge and rapidly increasing number of available prescription and over-the-counter medications as well as nutritional supplements, the author recommends that all prescribers develop a personal formulary of ∼30 drugs that they use in everyday practice and with which they are intimately familiar. It is recommended that their knowledge of these drugs include both their generic and brand names (to avoid confusion leading to prescription of the wrong drugs), routinely used doses, pharmacokinetics including half-lives, pharmacodynamics including mechanism(s) of action and binding profile for specific receptors, adverse effect profiles, potential DDIs, and the evolving research literature on these agents. The author stresses the value of establishing a therapeutic alliance involving the patient and the people around him or her (eg, prescribers, family members, pharmacists, nurse practitioners, home health professionals, friends when appropriate) to promote the patient's understanding of and adherence to treatment. It is also important to establish a therapeutic goal with a specific time expectation (eg, reduction in depressive symptoms within 4 wk), after which the prescriber should discuss adherence with the patient and significant others, consider a dose adjustment, or discontinue the drug after an adequate therapeutic trial or the development of an adverse effect that outweighs any benefit the drug may be having. The author outlines major principles for avoiding adverse DDIs and includes a table of online resources that provide information concerning different types of DDIs. The column ends with a discussion of limitations of currently available drug alert software programs and information on how and where to report adverse drug reactions.
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Varghese A, Saboo P, Wairkar S. Bioactivity guided fractionation of methanolic extract of Terminalia arjuna for its CYP3A and CYP2D inhibition in rat liver microsomes. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2018; 39:143-151. [PMID: 29327455 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.2121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Terminalia arjuna (T. arjuna) is an Indian medicinal plant belonging to the family Combretaceae and possesses numerous therapeutic activities including its immense cardioprotective activity. In the present work, a methanolic bark extract of T. arjuna was evaluated for CYP3A and CYP2D inhibition potential in rat liver microsomes (RLM). Further, the methanolic bark extract was fractionated successively using increasing polarity solvents starting with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The fractions so obtained were also evaluated for their CYP3A and CYP2D inhibition potential. Probe substrates testosterone and dextromethorphan were used for CYP3A and CYP2D respectively. The IC50 values for the methanolic extract and the fractions were found to be less than 50 μg/ml in RLM for both CYP3A and CYP2D isoenzymes. The most potent n-butanol fraction was further fractionated with column chromatography to isolate the highest active constituent responsible for the activity. Fraction 4 of the n-butanol extract was the most potent fraction with IC50 values of 5.64 ± 0.735 μg/ml and 16.63 ± 0.879 μg/ml for CYP3A and CYP2D in RLM, respectively. Therefore, in vitro data indicated that the Terminalia arjuna extract contains constituents that can potentially inhibit the CYP3A and CYP2D isoenzymes which may in turn lead to pharmacokinetic drug-herb interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Varghese
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, -400056, India
| | - Prachi Saboo
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, -400056, India
| | - Sarika Wairkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, -400056, India
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31
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Pang X, Zhang B, Mu G, Xia J, Xiang Q, Zhao X, Liu A, Du G, Cui Y. Screening of cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitors via in silico and in vitro approaches. RSC Adv 2018; 8:34783-34792. [PMID: 35547066 PMCID: PMC9086869 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06311g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) is an important member of the CYP family and responsible for metabolizing a broad range of drugs. It is necessary to establish virtual screening models for predicting CYP3A4 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Pang
- Department of Pharmacy
- Peking University First Hospital
- Beijing
- China
| | - Baoyue Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy
- Peking University First Hospital
- Beijing
- China
| | - Guangyan Mu
- Department of Pharmacy
- Peking University First Hospital
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jie Xia
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
- China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy
- Peking University First Hospital
- Beijing
- China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy
- Peking University First Hospital
- Beijing
- China
| | - Ailin Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
- China
| | - Guanhua Du
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
- China
| | - Yimin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy
- Peking University First Hospital
- Beijing
- China
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32
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Abstract
Depression remains difficult to manage, despite the many registered treatments available. For many depressed individuals, particularly those who have not responded to and/or had adverse effects from standard therapies, herbal and natural medications represent a potentially valuable alternative. This chapter will review several natural remedies used in the treatment of depression. Specific remedies covered include St. John's wort (SJW), S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe), omega-3 fatty acids, rhodiola, and others. We will begin by providing some historical and social context about these remedies. Then we will review efficacy and safety data, as well as biological mechanisms of action of these therapies. Finally, we will discuss the limitations of the current state of knowledge and provide suggestions for a productive research agenda focused on natural remedies. While many questions about these treatments remain unanswered and much work needs to be done before we determine their place in the psychiatric armamentarium, we believe that this chapter will give psychiatrists a good perspective on the pros and cons of herbal and natural antidepressants as part of the pharmacological armamentarium and sensible guidelines on how and when they should be used.
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Seervi M, Lotankar S, Barbar S, Sathaye S. Assessment of cytochrome P450 inhibition and induction potential of lupeol and betulin in rat liver microsomes. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2017; 31:115-22. [PMID: 26959552 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2015-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lupeol and betulin are triterpenoids that are majorly found in dietary substances. The aim of present study was to investigate the inhibition and induction potential of lupeol and betulin on cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A2, CYP2C11, CYP2D6 and CYP3A2 activities in rat liver microsomes. METHODS The inhibition and induction studies were conducted using ethoxy resorufin-O-deethylase (CYP1A2), tolbutamide hydroxylase (CYP2C9), and midazolam hydroxylase (CYP3A4) activity assays. In vitro inhibition study was evaluated by incubating lupeol and betulin (1, 3, 10, 30 and 100 μM) with rat liver microsomes, and the metabolite formation was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The induction study was conducted by administering lupeol (20 mg/kg) and betulin (50 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for 14 days to rats followed by liver isolation and microsome preparation. RESULTS The IC50 values in inhibition studies were found to be 59.42 μM (CYP1A2), >100 μM (CYP2C11, CYP2D6, CYP3A2) for lupeol, 52.24 μM (CYP1A2), and >100 μM (CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP3A2) for betulin. There was no significant modification observed in the CYP450 isoforms, indicating neither inhibition nor induction potential of lupeol and betulin. CONCLUSIONS Lupeol and betulin have very low propensity to interact with CYP enzyme, suggesting no CYP inhibitory and inducing potential in rat liver microsomes.
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Moradzadeh M, Tabarraei A, Sadeghnia HR, Ghorbani A, Mohamadkhani A, Erfanian S, Sahebkar A. Kaempferol increases apoptosis in human acute promyelocytic leukemia cells and inhibits multidrug resistance genes. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:2288-2297. [PMID: 28865123 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is one of the most life-threatening hematological malignancies. Defects in the cell growth and apoptotic pathways are responsible for both disease pathogenesis and treatment resistance. Therefore, pro-apoptotic agents are potential candidates for APL treatment. Kaempferol is a flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-tumor properties. This study was designed to investigate the cytotoxic, pro-apoptotic, and differentiation-inducing effects of kaempferol on HL-60 and NB4 leukemia cells. Resazurin assay was used to determine cell viability following treatment with kaempferol (12.5-100 μM) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA; 10 μM; used as a positive control). Apoptosis and differentiation were also detected using propidium iodide and NBT staining techniques, respectively. Furthermore, the expression levels of genes involved in apoptosis (PI3 K, AKT, BCL2, BAX, p53, p21, PTEN, CASP3, CASP8, and CASP9), differentiation (PML-RAR and HDAC1), and multi-drug resistance (ABCB1 and ABCC1) were determined using quantitative real-time PCR. The protein expressions of Bax/Bcl2 and casp3 were confirmed using Western blot. The results showed that kaempferol decreased cell viability and increased subG1 population in the tested leukemic cells. This effect was associated with decreased expression of Akt, BCL2, ABCB1, and ABCC1 genes, while the expression of CASP3 and BAX/BCL-2 ratio were significantly increased at both gene and protein levels. Kaempferol promoted apoptosis and inhibited multidrug resistance in a concentration-dependent manner, without any differential effect on leukemic cells. In conclusion, this study suggested that kaempferol may be utilized as an appropriate alternative for ATRA in APL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Moradzadeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of New Sciences and Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alijan Tabarraei
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Sadeghnia
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of New Sciences and Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Faculty of Medicine, Neurocognitive Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghorbani
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ashraf Mohamadkhani
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saiedeh Erfanian
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Metabolic Research Centre, Royal Perth Hospital, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Pourroy B, Letellier C, Helvig A, Chanet B, De Crozals F, Alessandra C. Development of a rapid risk evaluation tool for herbs/drugs interactions in cancer patients: a multicentric experience in south of France. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2017; 26. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Pourroy
- Oncopharma Unit; Department of Pharmacy; La Timone University Teaching Hospital; Marseille France
| | - C. Letellier
- Department of Pharmacy; Clairval Private Hospital; Marseille France
| | - A. Helvig
- Department of Pharmacy; Paoli Calmettes Cancer Center; Marseille France
| | - B. Chanet
- Department of Pharmacy; Sainte Catherine Cancer Center; Avignon France
| | - F. De Crozals
- Department of Pharmacy; Sainte Catherine Cancer Center; Avignon France
| | - C. Alessandra
- Department of Pharmacy; Sainte Musse Intercommunal Hospital Center; Toulon France
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Dubey S, Mitra K, De BK, Mondal A, Bishayee A. Effects of Paederia foetida and its Bioactive Phytochemical Constituent Lupeol on Hepatic Phase I Drug Metabolism. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many possible complications associated with the concomitant use of herbs and medications, but limited information is available on herb-herb or herb-drug interactions. Paederia foetida Linn. (family: Rubiaceae) is utilized in the Indian traditional medicine. It exhibits various pharmacological properties, such as antidiabetic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, anthelmintic, antiulcer and antioxidant activities. The purpose of the present work was to investigate the inhibitory potential of the P. foetida ethanolic extract and its bioactive constituent lupeol on hepatic phase I drug metabolizing enzymes. The high performance thin layer chromatography was performed for qualitative analysis of various extracts of P. foetida. The effects of P. foetida extract on rat liver microsomes (RLMs) and individual cytochrome P-450 (CYP) isozymes (CYP3A4 and CYP2D6) were investigated using CYP450-carbon monoxide complex assay and fluorescence microplate assay, respectively. The ethanolic extract and lupeol (both at a concentration of 100 μg/mL) showed 45±3.3 and 44±3.8% inhibition of rat liver microsomes, respectively, which were significantly less than that of known inhibitor ketoconazole (74±5.4% inhibition at 100 μg/mL). The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of ethanolic extract on CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 were 78±2.3 and 82±3.1 μg/mL, respectively, whereas its major bioactive constituent lupeol has IC50 values of 83±2.0 and 84±2.6 μg/mL for CYP3A4 and CYP2D6, respectively. The results were of lesser magnitude compared to known inhibitors, ketoconazole and quinidine, respectively. The current study revealed that P. foetida has less inhibitory potential in comparison to that of known inhibitors, ketoconazole and quinidine, on two major drug metabolizing isozymes, CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. Thus, the use of P. foetida as a complementary or alternative medicine may be safe in regard to herb-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourabh Dubey
- Department of Pharmacology, Bengal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kalyani - 741 235, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Kuntal Mitra
- Department of Pharmacology, Bengal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kalyani - 741 235, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Bijoy Kumar De
- Department of Pharmacology, Bengal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kalyani - 741 235, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Arijit Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Durgapur - 713 212, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, Florida 33169, USA
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Zhong Q, Shi Z, Zhang L, Zhong R, Xia Z, Wang J, Wu H, Jiang Y, Sun E, Wei Y, Feng L, Zhang Z, Liu D, Song J, Jia X. The potential of Epimedium koreanum Nakai for herb–drug interaction. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 69:1398-1408. [PMID: 28653752 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study aims to investigate potential herb–drug interactions (HDI) of Epimedium koreanum Nakai.
Methods
Human liver microsomes (HLMs) were used to determine the enzyme kinetics of the major human cytochrome P450s (CYPs). Inducible potential of E. koreanum on CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C19 and 3A4 activities of human primary hepatocytes was also examined.
Key findings
Ethanol extract of E. koreanum showed direct inhibitory potency for CYP1A2 (IC50 = 121.8 μg/ml, Ki = 110.7 ± 36.8 μg/ml) and CYP2B6 (IC50 = 59.5 μg/ml, Ki = 18.1 ± 2.9 μg/ml). For CYP2C9, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1 and 3A4, only negligible effect was observed. Time-dependent (irreversible) inhibition by E. koreanum was observed for CYP1A2 (KI = 32.9 ± 18.4 μg/ml, kinact = 0.031 ± 0.006 min−1). However, ethanol extract of E. koreanum (1.5–150 μg/ml) did not change the activity or mRNA expressions for CYP3A4, 1A2, 2C19 and 2B6.
Conclusions
The ethanol extract of E. koreanum is not likely to cause HDI via inducing the major human CYPs. But the potential for interactions between E. koreanum extract and substrates of CYP1A2 or 2B6 cannot be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiang Zhong
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Delivery Systems of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziqi Shi
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongling Zhong
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhi Xia
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yutong Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - E Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingjie Wei
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Feng
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenhai Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Delivery Systems of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Delivery Systems of Chinese Meteria Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Zhou Z, Wang M, Guo Z, Zhang X. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of the interaction between oral kaempferol and ethanol in rats. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2016; 66:563-568. [PMID: 27749255 DOI: 10.1515/acph-2016-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the effect of ethanol on oral bioavailability of kaempferol in rats, namely, at disclosing their possible interaction. Kaempferol (100 or 250 mg kg-1 bm) was administered to the rats by oral gavage with or without ethanol (600 mg kg-1 bm) co-administration. Intravenous administration (10 and 25 mg kg-1 bm) of kaempferol was used to determine the bioavailability. The concentration of kaempferol in plasma was estimated by ultra high performance liquid chromatography. During coadministration, a significant increase of the area under the plasma concentration-time curve as well as the peak concentration were observed, along with a dramatic decrease in total body clearance. Consequently, the bioavailability of kaempferol in oral control groups was 3.1 % (100 mg kg-1 bm) and 2.1 % (250 mg kg-1 bm). The first was increased by 4.3 % and the other by 2.8 % during ethanol co-administration. Increased permeability of cell membrane and ethanolkaempferol interactions on CYP450 enzymes may enhance the oral bioavailability of kaempferol in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxiang Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zengjun Guo
- School of Pharmacy Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100, China
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Wang Y, Huang X, Zhong MZ, Lu RH, Xia ZA, Fan R, Liu B, Huang W, Gan PP. Pretreatment of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction () alters pharmacokinetics of intravenous paclitaxel in rats. Chin J Integr Med 2016; 23:70-75. [PMID: 27679442 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-016-2619-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction (, SGD) on the pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered paclitaxel in rats. METHODS Paclitaxel was intravenously administered to rats (3 mg/kg) with or without the concomitant administration of SGD (752 mg/kg, a single day or 14 consecutive days pretreatment). The paclitaxel in the serum was quantified using a simple and rapid ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method for the pharmacokinetic study. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated via a non-compartment model using the computer program DAS 2.0. RESULTS The pharmacokinetic parameters of paclitaxel were significantly altered in response to 14 consecutive days of pretreatment with SGD. The area under the curve (AUC0-t, from 4 820±197 to 4 205±186 ng·mL-1·-1) and AUC0-∞ (from 5 237±280 to 4 514±210 ng·mL-1·-1) significantly decreased in response to the 14-day pretreatment with SGD. The values of Vdss (L/kg) were 10.74±1.08 and 9.35±0.49, those of CL (L/kg) were 0.67±0.03 and 0.57±0.03 and the t1/2 (h) values were 11.17±0.84 and 11.32±0.93, respectively, for the 14-day SGD pretreatment and intravenous paclitaxel alone. The AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ values decreased by 13% and 14% (P<0.01), respectively. The area under the curve decreased signifificantly (P<0.01), and the total clearance increased by 1.2-fold (P<0.01), after 14 consecutive days of pretreatment with SGD. A single-day pretreatment with SGD did not signifificantly affect the pharmacokinetic parameters of paclitaxel. CONCLUSIONS SGD administration for 14 consecutive days increased the metabolism of paclitaxel, while a 1-day pretreatment had little effect. The results would contribute important information to the study on interaction between Chinese medicines and chemotherapy and also help to utilize SGD better in the adjunctive therapy of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Medicine and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Medicine and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Mei-Zuo Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Ruo-Huang Lu
- Department of Stomatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Zi-An Xia
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Medicine and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Rong Fan
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Medicine and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, Institute of Integrated Traditional Medicine and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Ping-Ping Gan
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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Hwang YH, Yang HJ, Kim DG, Ma JY. Inhibitory Effects of Multiple-Dose Treatment with Baicalein on the Pharmacokinetics of Ciprofloxacin in Rats. Phytother Res 2016; 31:69-74. [PMID: 27671796 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin is used as a treatment for urinary and respiratory tract infections in clinical practice. Baicalein, a major flavonoid present in Scutellaria baicalensis, is a well-known and potent antibacterial compound used in complementary and alternative medicine practices. The present study aimed to clarify the effects of multiple-dose treatment with baicalein on the pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin in rats. Following the oral administration of baicalein (20, 40, or 80 mg/kg) for five consecutive days, the rats received an oral administration of ciprofloxacin (20 mg/kg). Blood samples were collected at specific time points, and the plasma concentrations of ciprofloxacin were determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography. To evaluate the mechanisms underlying the interaction between baicalein and ciprofloxacin, a rhodamine 123 accumulation assay was performed in LS-180 cells. A pharmacokinetic study revealed that multiple-dose treatment with baicalein significantly decreased the peak serum concentration (Cmax ), area under the curve (AUC0 → 480 min ), and relative bioavailability (Frel ) of ciprofloxacin (p < 0.05). The rhodamine 123 accumulation assay revealed that treatment with baicalein for 48 h markedly reduced the intracellular accumulation of rhodamine 123. Taken together, these findings suggest that baicalein may result in the therapeutic failure of ciprofloxacin or other quinolone-based antibiotics used for chemotherapy in clinical practice. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn-Hwan Hwang
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Yang
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Kim
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
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Feng R, Tan XS, Wen BY, Shou JW, Fu J, He CY, Zhao ZX, Li XY, Zhu HX, Zhu P, Shi JG, Che CT, Yeung JHK, Zhang XF, Wang Y. Interaction effects on cytochrome P450 both in vitro and in vivo studies by two major bioactive xanthones from Halenia elliptica D. Don. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:1953-1962. [PMID: 27228199 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The major components, 1-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethoxy-xanthone (HM-1) and 1,5-dihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxy-xanthone (HM-5) isolated from Halenia elliptica D. Don (Gentianaceae), could cause vasodilatation in rat coronary artery with different mechanisms. In this work, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LCMS-IT-TOF) was used to clarify the metabolic pathways, and CYP450 isoform involvement of HM-1 and HM-5 were also studied in rat. At the same time, in vivo inhibition effects of HM-1 and ethyl acetate extracts from origin herb were studied. Three metabolites of HM-5 were found in rat liver microsomes (RLMs); demethylation and hydroxylation were the major phase I metabolic reactions for HM-5. Multiple CYP450s were involved in metabolism of HM-1 and HM-5. The inhibition study showed that HM-5 inhibited Cyp1a2, 2c6 and 2d2 in RLMs. HM-1 inhibited activities of Cyp1a2, Cyp2c6 and Cyp3a2. In vivo experiment demonstrated that both HM-1 and ethyl acetate extracts could inhibit Cyp3a2 in rats. In conclusion, the metabolism of xanthones from the origin herb involved multiple CYP450 isoforms; in vitro, metabolism of HM-5 was similar to that of its parent drug HM-1, but their inhibition effects upon CYP450s were different; in vivo, Cyp3a2 could be inhibited by HM-1 and ethyl acetate extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Shan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Ying Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Wen Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chi-Yu He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Xiong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Xin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Gong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Tao Che
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy (MC 781) UIC College of Pharmacy, Chicago, USA
| | - John H K Yeung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xian-Feng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Lapatinib promotes the incidence of hepatotoxicity by increasing chemotherapeutic agent accumulation in hepatocytes. Oncotarget 2016; 6:17738-52. [PMID: 26036634 PMCID: PMC4627342 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lapatinib has been used in combination with capecitabine or paclitaxel to treat patients with progressive HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Unfortunately, an increased incidence of hepatotoxicity had been reported in the combinational therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential mechanisms of this combinational therapy. We found that the patients receiving lapatinib and paclitaxel treatment showed a higher incidence of hepatobiliary system disorders than those receiving paclitaxel alone. Lapatinib was shown to increase the accumulation of doxorubicin in ABCB1-overexpressing hepatocellular cancer cells and normal liver tissues without altering the protein level of ABCB1. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed that lapatinib could increase the systematic exposure of paclitaxel and doxorubicin. Moreover, the in vivo experiments showed that the levels of alanine aminotransferase and serious hepatocyte injury in the group of lapatinib plus chemotherapeutic agent were significantly higher than those in the group of single chemotherapeutic agent such as paclitaxel or doxorubicin. Our study thus revealed for the first time that the higher incidence of hepatotoxicity during this combinational treatment was due to the increased drug accumulation in hepatocytes mediated by the inhibition of ABCB1 by lapatinib. Appropriate dose adjustment may be needed to optimize the combination therapy.
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Borkar RM, Bhandi MM, Dubey AP, Ganga Reddy V, Komirishetty P, Nandekar PP, Sangamwar AT, Kamal A, Banerjee SK, Srinivas R. An evaluation of the CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 inhibition potential of metoprolol metabolites and their contribution to drug-drug and drug-herb interaction by LC-ESI/MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:1556-72. [PMID: 27006091 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the contribution of metabolites to drug-drug interaction and drug-herb interaction using the inhibition of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 by metoprolol (MET) and its metabolites. The peak concentrations of unbound plasma concentration of MET, α-hydroxy metoprolol (HM), O-desmethyl metoprolol (ODM) and N-desisopropyl metoprolol (DIM) were 90.37 ± 2.69, 33.32 ± 1.92, 16.93 ± 1.70 and 7.96 ± 0.94 ng/mL, respectively. The metabolites identified, HM and ODM, had a ratio of metabolic area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) to parent AUC of ≥0.25 when either total or unbound concentration of metabolite was considered. In vitro CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 inhibition by MET, HM and ODM study revealed that MET, HM and ODM were not inhibitors of CYP3A4-catalyzed midazolam metabolism and CYP2D6-catalyzed dextromethorphan metabolism. However, DIM only met the criteria of >10% of the total drug related material and <25% of the parent using unbound concentrations. If CYP inhibition testing is solely based on metabolite exposure, DIM metabolite would probably not be considered. However, the present study has demonstrated that DIM contributes significantly to in vitro drug-drug interaction. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan M Borkar
- National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.,Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Murali Mohan Bhandi
- National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Ajay P Dubey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - V Ganga Reddy
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Prashanth Komirishetty
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Prajwal P Nandekar
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali), 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Abhay T Sangamwar
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar (Mohali), 160 062, Punjab, India
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Sanjay K Banerjee
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, 121001, India
| | - R Srinivas
- National Centre for Mass Spectrometry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India
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Gupta A, Birhman K, Raheja I, Sharma SK, Kar HK. Quercetin: A wonder bioflavonoid with therapeutic potential in disease management. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(15)61024-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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45
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Kim SJ, Kim SJ, Hong M, Choi HG, Kim JA, Lee S. Investigation of selective inhibitory effects of glycyrol on human CYP 1A1 and 2C9. Xenobiotica 2016; 46:857-61. [PMID: 26750984 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1131345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
1. Glycyrol is a coumarin derivative isolated from the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis called Gamcho in Korea and commonly used as a sweetener in oriental medicine. Glycyrol shows several biological activities, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-angiogenic, and anti-allergenic properties. Although there have been studies on the biological effects of glycyrol, the inhibitory effects of glycyrol on cytochrome P450 (CYP) activities have not been investigated. 2. We investigated the inhibitory effects of glycyrol on the activities of CYP isoforms using a cocktail of probe substrates in pooled human liver microsome (HLM) and human recombinant cDNA-expressed CYPs. Glycyrol strongly inhibited CYP1A-mediated phenacetin O-deethylation and CYP2C9-mediated diclofenac 4'-hydroxylation in HLMs, which were the result of competitive inhibition as revealed by a Dixon plot. In addition, glycyrol showed selective inhibition of CYP1A1- and CYP1A2-catalyzed phenacetin O-deethylase activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of (IC50) 1.3 and 16.1 μM in human recombinant cDNA-expressed CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, respectively. 3. Glycyrol decreased CYP2C9-catalyzed diclofenac 4'-hydroxylation activity with IC50 values of 0.67 μM in human recombinant cDNA-expressed CYP2C9. This is the first investigation of competitive inhibitory effects on CYP1A1 and CYP2C9 in HLMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Joo Kim
- a College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea and
| | - Su Jin Kim
- a College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea and
| | - Miri Hong
- b College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Gyu Choi
- a College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea and
| | - Jeong Ah Kim
- a College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea and
| | - Sangkyu Lee
- a College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea and
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46
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Cort A, Ozben T, Saso L, De Luca C, Korkina L. Redox Control of Multidrug Resistance and Its Possible Modulation by Antioxidants. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:4251912. [PMID: 26881027 PMCID: PMC4736404 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4251912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Clinical efficacy of anticancer chemotherapies is dramatically hampered by multidrug resistance (MDR) dependent on inherited traits, acquired defence against toxins, and adaptive mechanisms mounting in tumours. There is overwhelming evidence that molecular events leading to MDR are regulated by redox mechanisms. For example, chemotherapeutics which overrun the first obstacle of redox-regulated cellular uptake channels (MDR1, MDR2, and MDR3) induce a concerted action of phase I/II metabolic enzymes with a temporal redox-regulated axis. This results in rapid metabolic transformation and elimination of a toxin. This metabolic axis is tightly interconnected with the inducible Nrf2-linked pathway, a key switch-on mechanism for upregulation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and detoxifying systems. As a result, chemotherapeutics and cytotoxic by-products of their metabolism (ROS, hydroperoxides, and aldehydes) are inactivated and MDR occurs. On the other hand, tumour cells are capable of mounting an adaptive antioxidant response against ROS produced by chemotherapeutics and host immune cells. The multiple redox-dependent mechanisms involved in MDR prompted suggesting redox-active drugs (antioxidants and prooxidants) or inhibitors of inducible antioxidant defence as a novel approach to diminish MDR. Pitfalls and progress in this direction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Cort
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sanko University, İncili Pınar, Gazi Muhtar Paşa Bulvarı, Sehitkamil, 27090 Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Tomris Ozben
- Department of Biochemistry, Akdeniz University Medical Faculty, Campus, Dumlupınar Street, 07070 Antalya, Turkey
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, La Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara De Luca
- Evidence-Based Well-Being (EB-WB) Ltd., 31 Alt-Stralau, 10245 Berlin, Germany
| | - Liudmila Korkina
- Centre of Innovative Biotechnological Investigations Nanolab, 197 Vernadskogo Prospekt, Moscow 119571, Russia
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Calitz C, Gouws C, Viljoen J, Steenekamp J, Wiesner L, Abay E, Hamman J. Herb-Drug Pharmacokinetic Interactions: Transport and Metabolism of Indinavir in the Presence of Selected Herbal Products. Molecules 2015; 20:22113-27. [PMID: 26690396 PMCID: PMC6332259 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients receiving anti-retroviral drug treatment are sometimes simultaneously taking herbal remedies, which may result in pharmacokinetic herb-drug interactions. This study aimed to determine if pharmacokinetic interactions exist between selected commercially available herbal products (i.e., Linctagon Forte(®), Viral Choice(®) and Canova(®)) and indinavir in terms of in vitro transport and metabolism. Bi-directional transport of indinavir was evaluated across Caco-2 cell monolayers in the presence and absence of the selected herbal products and verapamil (positive control). Metabolism of indinavir was determined in LS180 cells in the presence and absence of the selected herbal products as well as ketoconazole (positive control). The secretory transport of indinavir increased in a concentration dependent way in the presence of Linctagon Forte(®) and Viral Choice(®) when compared to that of indinavir alone. Canova(®) only slightly affected the efflux of indinavir compared to that of the control group. There was a pronounced inhibition of the metabolism of indinavir in LS180 cells over the entire concentration range for all the herbal products investigated in this study. These in vitro pharmacokinetic interactions indicate the selected herbal products may affect indinavir's bioavailability, but the clinical significance needs to be confirmed with in vivo studies before final conclusions can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlemi Calitz
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Chrisna Gouws
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Joe Viljoen
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Jan Steenekamp
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Lubbe Wiesner
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa.
| | - Efrem Abay
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa.
| | - Josias Hamman
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
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D'Andrea G. Quercetin: A flavonol with multifaceted therapeutic applications? Fitoterapia 2015; 106:256-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Farzaei MH, Rahimi R, Farzaei F, Abdollahi M. Traditional Medicinal Herbs for the Management of Diabetes and its Complications: An Evidence-Based Review. INT J PHARMACOL 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2015.874.887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Wang CZ, Moss J, Yuan CS. Commonly Used Dietary Supplements on Coagulation Function during Surgery. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 2:157-185. [PMID: 26949700 PMCID: PMC4777343 DOI: 10.3390/medicines2030157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients who undergo surgery appear to use dietary supplements significantly more frequently than the general population. Because they contain pharmacologically active compounds, dietary supplements may affect coagulation and platelet function during the perioperative period through direct effects, pharmacodynamic interactions, and pharmacokinetic interactions. However, in this regard, limited studies have been conducted that address the pharmacological interactions of dietary supplements. To avoid possible bleeding risks during surgery, information of potential complications of dietary supplements during perioperative management is important for physicians. METHODS Through a systematic database search of all available years, articles were identified in this review if they included dietary supplements and coagulation/platelet function, while special attention was paid to studies published after 1990. RESULTS Safety concerns are reported in commercially available dietary supplements. Effects of the most commonly used natural products on blood coagulation and platelet function are systematically reviewed, including 11 herbal medicines (echinacea, ephedra, garlic, ginger, ginkgo, ginseng, green tea, kava, saw palmetto, St John's wort, and valerian) and 4 other dietary supplements (coenzyme Q10, glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, fish oil, and vitamins). Bleeding risks of garlic, ginkgo, ginseng, green tea, saw palmetto, St John's wort, and fish oil are reported. Cardiovascular instability was observed with ephedra, ginseng, and kava. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions between dietary supplements and drugs used in the perioperative period are discussed. CONCLUSIONS To prevent potential problems associated with the use of dietary supplements, physicians should be familiar with the perioperative effects of commonly used dietary supplements. Since the effects of dietary supplements on coagulation and platelet function are difficult to predict, it is prudent to advise their discontinuation before surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Zhi Wang
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-773-702-0166; Fax: +1-773-834-0601
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