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Fadaei MS, Fadaei MR, Kheirieh AE, Rahmanian-Devin P, Dabbaghi MM, Nazari Tavallaei K, Shafaghi A, Hatami H, Baradaran Rahimi V, Nokhodchi A, Askari VR. Niosome as a promising tool for increasing the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory compounds. EXCLI JOURNAL 2024; 23:212-263. [PMID: 38487088 PMCID: PMC10938253 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Niosomes are drug delivery systems with widespread applications in pharmaceutical research and the cosmetic industry. Niosomes are vesicles of one or more bilayers made of non-ionic surfactants, cholesterol, and charge inducers. Because of their bilayer characteristics, similar to liposomes, niosomes can be loaded with lipophilic and hydrophilic cargos. Therefore, they are more stable and cheaper in preparation than liposomes. They can be classified into four categories according to their sizes and structures, namely small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs), large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs,), multilamellar vesicles (MLVs), and multivesicular vesicles (MVVs). There are many methods for niosome preparation, such as thin-film hydration, solvent injection, and heating method. The current study focuses on the preparation methods and pharmacological effects of niosomes loaded with natural and chemical anti-inflammatory compounds in kinds of literature during the past decade. We found that most research was carried out to load anti-inflammatory agents like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) into niosome vesicles. The studies revealed that niosomes could improve anti-inflammatory agents' physicochemical properties, including solubility, cellular uptake, stability, encapsulation, drug release and liberation, efficiency, and oral bioavailability or topical absorption. See also the graphical abstract(Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saleh Fadaei
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Fadaei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Emad Kheirieh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Pouria Rahmanian-Devin
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | | | - Abouzar Shafaghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hooman Hatami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Nokhodchi
- Lupin Pharmaceutical Research Center, 4006 NW 124th Ave., Coral Springs, Florida, FL 33065, USA
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Kosutova P, Mikolka P, Mokra D, Calkovska A. Anti-inflammatory activity of non-selective PDE inhibitor aminophylline on the lung tissue and respiratory parameters in animal model of ARDS. J Inflamm (Lond) 2023; 20:10. [PMID: 36927675 PMCID: PMC10018984 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00337-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common complication of critical illness characterized by lung inflammation, epithelial and endothelial dysfunction, alveolar-capillary leakage, and worsening respiratory failure. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of non-selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor aminophylline. New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: animals with respiratory failure defined as PaO2/FiO2 ratio (P/F) below < 26.7 kPa, and induced by saline lung lavage (ARDS), animals with ARDS treated with intravenous aminophylline (1 mg/kg; ARDS/AMINO), and healthy ventilated controls (Control). All animals were oxygen ventilated for an additional 4 h and respiratory parameters were recorded regularly. Post mortem, the lung tissue was evaluated for oedema formation, markers of inflammation (tumor necrosis factor, TNFα, interleukin (IL)-1β, -6, -8, -10, -13, -18), markers of epithelial damage (receptor for advanced glycation end products, RAGE) and endothelial injury (sphingosine 1-phosphate, S1P), oxidative damage (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS, 3-nitrotyrosine, 3NT, total antioxidant capacity, TAC). Aminophylline therapy decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, markers of epithelial and endothelial injury, oxidative modifications in lung tissue, reduced lung oedema, and improved lung function parameters compared to untreated ARDS animals. In conclusion, non-selective PDE inhibitor aminophylline showed a significant anti-inflammatory activity suggesting a potential of this drug to be a valuable component of ARDS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kosutova
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, SK-03601, Martin, Slovakia. .,Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, SK-03601, Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Pavol Mikolka
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, SK-03601, Martin, Slovakia.,Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, SK-03601, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Mokra
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, SK-03601, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Calkovska
- Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, SK-03601, Martin, Slovakia
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Martins AN, de Souza Almeida D, Florentino IF, da Silva Moreira LK, Turones LC, Batista DC, Machado LS, Vaz BG, Lião LM, de Almeida Ribeiro Oliveira G, Martins JLR, Fajemiroye JO, Menegatti R, Costa EA, da Silva DPB. Pharmacological evaluation of antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of LQFM202: a new piperazine derivative. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:411-422. [PMID: 36443517 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Advances have been made in the search for new multi-target modulators to control pain and inflammation. Therefore, compound 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methanone (LQFM202) was synthesised and evaluated. First, in vitro assays were performed for COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX enzymes. Subsequently, adult female Swiss albino mice treated orally with LQFM202 at doses of 25-200 mg/kg were subjected to acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin-induced pain, carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia, carrageenan- or zymosan-induced paw oedema, or pleurisy. LQFM202 inhibited COX-1, COX-2, and LOX-5 (IC50 = 3499 µM, 1565 µM, and 1343 µM, respectively). In acute animal models, LQFM202 (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg) decreased the amount of abdominal writhing (29%, 52% and 48%, respectively). Pain in the second phase of the formalin test was reduced by 46% with intermediate dose. LQFM202 (100 mg/kg) reduced the difference in nociceptive threshold in all 4 h evaluated (46%, 37%, 30%, and 26%, respectively). LQFM202 (50 mg/kg) decreased the carrageenan-oedema from the second hour (27%, 31% and 25%, respectively); however, LQFM202 (100 mg/kg) decreased the carrageenan-oedema in all hours evaluated (35%, 42%, 48% and 50%, respectively). When using zymosan, LQFM202 (50 mg/kg) decreased the oedema in all hours evaluated (33%, 32%, 31% and 20%, respectively). In the carrageenan-pleurisy test, LQFM202 (50 mg/kg) reduced significantly the number of polymorphonuclear cells (34%), the myeloperoxidase activity (53%), TNF-α levels (47%), and IL-1β levels (58.8%). When using zymosan, LQFM202 (50 mg/kg) reduced the number of polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells (54% and 79%, respectively); and the myeloperoxidase activity (46%). These results suggest antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of LQFM202.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline N Martins
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Dionys de Souza Almeida
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Iziara F Florentino
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Lorrane K da Silva Moreira
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Larissa C Turones
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Daniel C Batista
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Lucas S Machado
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Boniek G Vaz
- Chemistry Institute, Laboratory of Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Luciano M Lião
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - José Luís Rodrigues Martins
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - James Oluwagbamigbe Fajemiroye
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Menegatti
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Elson A Costa
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Daiany P B da Silva
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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Wenzel D, Haddadi N, Afshari K, Richmond JM, Rashighi M. Upcoming treatments for morphea. Immun Inflamm Dis 2021; 9:1101-1145. [PMID: 34272836 PMCID: PMC8589364 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphea (localized scleroderma) is a rare autoimmune connective tissue disease with variable clinical presentations, with an annual incidence of 0.4-2.7 cases per 100,000. Morphea occurs most frequently in children aged 2-14 years, and the disease exhibits a female predominance. Insights into morphea pathogenesis are often extrapolated from studies of systemic sclerosis due to their similar skin histopathologic features; however, clinically they are two distinct diseases as evidenced by different demographics, clinical features, disease course and prognosis. An interplay between genetic factors, epigenetic modifications, immune and vascular dysfunction, along with environmental hits are considered as the main contributors to morphea pathogenesis. In this review, we describe potential new therapies for morphea based on both preclinical evidence and ongoing clinical trials. We focus on different classes of therapeutics, including antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, cellular and gene therapy, and antisenolytic approaches, and how these target different aspects of disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wenzel
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
| | - Nazgol‐Sadat Haddadi
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
| | - Khashayar Afshari
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jillian M. Richmond
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
| | - Mehdi Rashighi
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA
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Ainatzoglou A, Stamoula E, Dardalas I, Siafis S, Papazisis G. The Effects of PDE Inhibitors on Multiple Sclerosis: a Review of in vitro and in vivo Models. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:2387-2397. [PMID: 33655851 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210303142356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and immune-mediated disease, whose current therapeutic means are mostly effective in the relapsing-remitting form of MS, where inflammation is still prominent, but fall short of preventing long term impairment. However, apart from inflammationmediated demyelination, autoimmune mechanisms play a major role in MS pathophysiology, constituting a promising pharmacological target. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors have been approved for clinical use in psoriasis and have undergone trials suggesting their neuroprotective effects, rendering them eligible as an option for accessory MS therapy. OBJECTIVE In this review, we discuss the potential role of PDE inhibitors as a complementary MS therapy. METHODS We conducted a literature search through which we screened and comparatively assessed papers on the effects of PDE inhibitor use, both in vitro and in animal models of MS, taking into account a number of inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS In vitro studies indicated that PDE inhibitors promote remyelination and axonal sustenance, while curbing inflammatory cell infiltration, hindering oligodendrocyte and neuronal loss and suppressing cytokine production. In vivo studies underlined that these agents alleviate symptoms and reduce disease scores in MS animal models. CONCLUSION PDE inhibitors proved to be effective in addressing various aspects of MS pathogenesis both in vitro and in vivo models. Given the latest clinical trials proving that the PDE4 inhibitor Ibudilast exerts neuroprotective effects in patients with progressive MS, research on this field should be intensified and selective PDE4 inhibitors with enhanced safety features should be seriously considered as prospective complementary MS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ainatzoglou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Stamoula
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Dardalas
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Spyridon Siafis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Papazisis
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Delhaye S, Bardoni B. Role of phosphodiesterases in the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:4570-4582. [PMID: 33414502 PMCID: PMC8589663 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-00997-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes involved in the homeostasis of both cAMP and cGMP. They are members of a family of proteins that includes 11 subfamilies with different substrate specificities. Their main function is to catalyze the hydrolysis of cAMP, cGMP, or both. cAMP and cGMP are two key second messengers that modulate a wide array of intracellular processes and neurobehavioral functions, including memory and cognition. Even if these enzymes are present in all tissues, we focused on those PDEs that are expressed in the brain. We took into consideration genetic variants in patients affected by neurodevelopmental disorders, phenotypes of animal models, and pharmacological effects of PDE inhibitors, a class of drugs in rapid evolution and increasing application to brain disorders. Collectively, these data indicate the potential of PDE modulators to treat neurodevelopmental diseases characterized by learning and memory impairment, alteration of behaviors associated with depression, and deficits in social interaction. Indeed, clinical trials are in progress to treat patients with Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, depression, and autism spectrum disorders. Among the most recent results, the application of some PDE inhibitors (PDE2A, PDE3, PDE4/4D, and PDE10A) to treat neurodevelopmental diseases, including autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability, is a significant advance, since no specific therapies are available for these disorders that have a large prevalence. In addition, to highlight the role of several PDEs in normal and pathological neurodevelopment, we focused here on the deregulation of cAMP and/or cGMP in Down Syndrome, Fragile X Syndrome, Rett Syndrome, and intellectual disability associated with the CC2D1A gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Delhaye
- grid.429194.30000 0004 0638 0649Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR7275, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Barbara Bardoni
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inserm, CNRS UMR7275, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, 06560, Valbonne, France.
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Abstract
Azolo[d]pyridazinone is a privileged structure and versatile pharmacophore whose derivatives are associated with diverse biological activities, in particular antidiabetic, antiasthmatic, anticancer, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antidepressant and antimicrobial activities. The importance of this scaffold against some targets like PDE, COX and DPP-4 has been reviewed in detail previously. In the present review, we have summarized comprehensive information on azolo[d]pyridazinone derivatives investigated by many researchers for their diverse pharmacological activities, structure-activity relationship and molecular modeling studies since 2000. The review may lead scientists in the research fields of organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry and pharmacology to the strategic design and development of azolo[d]pyridazinone-based drug candidates in the future.
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Kosutova P, Mikolka P, Balentova S, Adamkov M, Calkovska A, Mokra D. Effects of PDE3 Inhibitor Olprinone on the Respiratory Parameters, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in an Experimental Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3382. [PMID: 32403267 PMCID: PMC7247002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether a selective phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE3) inhibitor olprinone can positively influence the inflammation, apoptosis, and respiratory parameters in animals with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) model induced by repetitive saline lung lavage. Adult rabbits were divided into 3 groups: ARDS without therapy (ARDS), ARDS treated with olprinone i.v. (1 mg/kg; ARDS/PDE3), and healthy ventilated controls (Control), and were oxygen-ventilated for the following 4 h. Dynamic lung-thorax compliance (Cdyn), mean airway pressure (MAP), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), alveolar-arterial gradient (AAG), ratio between partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood to a fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2), oxygenation index (OI), and ventilation efficiency index (VEI) were evaluated every hour. Post mortem, inflammatory and oxidative markers (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, a receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), IL-10, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), 3-nitrotyrosine (3NT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and apoptosis (apoptotic index and caspase-3) were assessed in the lung tissue. Treatment with olprinone reduced the release of inflammatory mediators and markers of oxidative damage decreased apoptosis of epithelial cells and improved respiratory parameters. The results indicate a future potential of PDE3 inhibitors also in the therapy of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kosutova
- Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin 036 01, Slovakia; (P.K.); (P.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Pavol Mikolka
- Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin 036 01, Slovakia; (P.K.); (P.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Sona Balentova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin 036 01, Slovakia; (S.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Marian Adamkov
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin 036 01, Slovakia; (S.B.); (M.A.)
| | - Andrea Calkovska
- Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin 036 01, Slovakia; (P.K.); (P.M.); (A.C.)
| | - Daniela Mokra
- Biomedical Center Martin and Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin 036 01, Slovakia; (P.K.); (P.M.); (A.C.)
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Discovery of Orexant and Anorexant Agents with Indazole Scaffold Endowed with Peripheral Antiedema Activity. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090492. [PMID: 31527522 PMCID: PMC6770484 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system represents an integrated neuronal network involved in the control of several organisms' functions, such as feeding behavior. A series of hybrids of 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichloro-phenyl)-4-methyl-N-(piperidin-1-yl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (mimonabant), a well-known inverse agonist of the type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1), once used as an antiobesity drug, and the N-(2S)-substitutes of 1-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]indazole-3-carboxamide with 1-amino-3-methyl-1-oxobutane (AB-Fubinaca), 1-amino-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutane (ADB-Fubinaca), and 3-methylbutanoate (AMB-Fubinaca), endowed with potent agonistic activity towards cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 were in solution as C-terminal amides, acids, methyl esters and N-methyl amides. These compounds have been studied by binding assays to cannabinoid receptors and by functional receptor assays, using rat brain membranes in vitro. The most active among them as an agonist, (S)-1-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)-N-(3,3-dimethyl-1-(methylamino)-1-oxobutan-2-yl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (LONI11), and an antagonist, (S)-2-(1-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido)-3-methylbutanoic acid (LONI4), were tested in vivo in mic, to evaluate their ability to stimulate or suppress feeding behavior after intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration. For a LONI11 formalin test and a tail flick test after an administration by the subcutaneous (s.c.) and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) routes, respectively, were also carried out in vivo in mice to investigate the antinociceptive property at the central and peripheral levesl. We observed a significant orexant effect for LONI11 and an intense anorexant effect for (S)-methyl 2-(1-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (LONI2) and LONI4. In zymosan-induced edema and hyperalgesia, LONI11 reduced the percent of paw volume increase and paw latency after s.c. administration, also suggesting a possible peripheral anti-inflammatory activity.
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JAK/STAT inhibitors and other small molecule cytokine antagonists for the treatment of allergic disease. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018; 120:367-375. [PMID: 29454096 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide an overview of janus kinase (JAK), chemoattractant receptor homologous molecule expressed on TH2 cells (CRTH2), and phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors in allergic disorders. DATA SOURCES PubMed literature review. STUDY SELECTIONS Articles included in this review discuss the emerging mechanism of action of small molecule inhibitors and their use in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, and allergic rhinitis (AR). RESULTS Allergic diseases represent a spectrum of diseases, including AD, asthma, and AR. For decades, these diseases have been primarily characterized by increased TH2 signaling and downstream inflammation. In recent years, additional research has identified disease phenotypes and subsets of patients with non-Th2 mediated inflammation. The increasing heterogeneity of disease has prompted investigators to move away from wide-ranging treatment approaches with immunosuppressive agents, such as corticosteroids, to consider more targeted immunomodulatory approaches focused on specific pathways. In the past decade, inhibitors that target JAK signaling, PDE4, and CRTH2 have been explored for their potential activity in models of allergic disease and therapeutic benefit in clinical trials. Interestingly, although JAK inhibitors provide an opportunity to interfere with cytokine signaling and could be beneficial in a broad range of allergic diseases, current clinical trials are focused on the treatment of AD. Conversely, both PDE4 and CRTH2 inhibitors have been evaluated in a spectrum of allergic diseases. This review summarizes the varying degrees of success that these small molecules have demonstrated across allergic diseases. CONCLUSION Emerging therapies currently in development may provide more consistent benefit to patients with allergic diseases by specifically targeting inflammatory pathways important for disease pathogenesis.
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Barberot C, Moniot A, Allart-Simon I, Malleret L, Yegorova T, Laronze-Cochard M, Bentaher A, Médebielle M, Bouillon JP, Hénon E, Sapi J, Velard F, Gérard S. Synthesis and biological evaluation of pyridazinone derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 146:139-146. [PMID: 29407945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4), that controls intracellular level of cyclic nucleotide cAMP, has aroused scientific attention as a suitable target for anti-inflammatory therapy in respiratory diseases. Here we describe the development of two families of pyridazinone derivatives as potential PDE4 inhibitors and their evaluation as anti-inflammatory agents. Among these derivatives, 4,5-dihydropyridazinone representatives possess promising activity, selectivity towards PDE4 isoenzymes and are able to reduce IL-8 production by human primary polymorphonuclear cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Barberot
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, UFR Sciences, Moulin de La Housse and UFR Pharmacie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France
| | - Aurélie Moniot
- Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4691 Biomatériaux & Inflammation en Site OSseux (BIOS), SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), UFR Pharmacie and UFR Odontologie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France
| | - Ingrid Allart-Simon
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, UFR Sciences, Moulin de La Housse and UFR Pharmacie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France
| | - Laurette Malleret
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), EA7426, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, 165 Chemin Du Grand Revoyet, 69921 Oullins, France
| | - Tatiana Yegorova
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Marie Laronze-Cochard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, UFR Sciences, Moulin de La Housse and UFR Pharmacie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France
| | - Abderrazzaq Bentaher
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), EA7426, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, 165 Chemin Du Grand Revoyet, 69921 Oullins, France
| | - Maurice Médebielle
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, INSA, CPE-Lyon, ICBMS, UMR 5246, 43 Bd Du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Eric Hénon
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, UFR Sciences, Moulin de La Housse and UFR Pharmacie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France
| | - Janos Sapi
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, UFR Sciences, Moulin de La Housse and UFR Pharmacie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France
| | - Frédéric Velard
- Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4691 Biomatériaux & Inflammation en Site OSseux (BIOS), SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), UFR Pharmacie and UFR Odontologie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France
| | - Stéphane Gérard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, UFR Sciences, Moulin de La Housse and UFR Pharmacie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France.
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Rinaldi F, Del Favero E, Rondelli V, Pieretti S, Bogni A, Ponti J, Rossi F, Di Marzio L, Paolino D, Marianecci C, Carafa M. pH-sensitive niosomes: Effects on cytotoxicity and on inflammation and pain in murine models. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2017; 32:538-546. [PMID: 28114822 PMCID: PMC6010110 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1268607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
pH-sensitive nonionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes) by polysorbate-20 (Tween-20) or polysorbate-20 derivatized by glycine (added as pH sensitive agent), were developed to deliver Ibuprofen (IBU) and Lidocaine (LID). For the physical-chemical characterization of vesicles (mean size, size distribution, zeta potential, vesicle morphology, bilayer properties and stability) dynamic light scattering (DLS), small angle X-ray scattering and fluorescence studies were performed. Potential cytotoxicity was evaluated on immortalized human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) and on immortalized mouse fibroblasts Balb/3T3. In vivo antinociceptive activity (formalin test) and anti-inflammatory activity tests (paw edema induced by zymosan) in murine models were performed on drug-loaded niosomes. pH-sensitive niosomes were stable in the presence of 0 and 10% fetal bovine serum, non-cytotoxic and able to modify IBU or LID pharmacological activity in vivo. The synthesis of stimuli responsive surfactant, as an alternative to add pH-sensitive molecules to niosomes, could represent a promising delivery strategy for anesthetic and anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Rinaldi
- a Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza , Rome , Italy
| | - Elena Del Favero
- b Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Traslational Medicine , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Valeria Rondelli
- b Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Traslational Medicine , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Stefano Pieretti
- c Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicine Evaluation , Istituto Superiore di Sanità , Rome , Italy
| | - Alessia Bogni
- d Consumers and Reference Materials, Consumer Products Safety Unit (F.2) , European Commission, Directorate General Joint Research Centre Directorate F - Health , ISPRA , Varese , Italy
| | - Jessica Ponti
- d Consumers and Reference Materials, Consumer Products Safety Unit (F.2) , European Commission, Directorate General Joint Research Centre Directorate F - Health , ISPRA , Varese , Italy
| | - François Rossi
- d Consumers and Reference Materials, Consumer Products Safety Unit (F.2) , European Commission, Directorate General Joint Research Centre Directorate F - Health , ISPRA , Varese , Italy
| | - Luisa Di Marzio
- e Department of Pharmacy , University "G. d'Annunzio" , Chieti , Italy
| | - Donatella Paolino
- f Interregional Research Center for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia" , Catanzaro , Italy.,g Department of Health Sciences , Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia" , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Carlotta Marianecci
- h Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology , University of Rome "Sapienza" , Rome , Italy
| | - Maria Carafa
- h Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology , University of Rome "Sapienza" , Rome , Italy
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Maier C, Ramming A, Bergmann C, Weinkam R, Kittan N, Schett G, Distler JHW, Beyer C. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) reduces dermal fibrosis by interfering with the release of interleukin-6 from M2 macrophages. Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 76:1133-1141. [PMID: 28209630 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the disease-modifying effects of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibition in preclinical models of systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS We studied the effects of PDE4 inhibition in a prevention and a treatment model of bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis, in the topoisomerase mouse model as well as in a model of sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host disease. To better understand the mode of action of PDE4 blockade in preclinical models of SSc, we investigated fibrosis-relevant mediators in fibroblasts and macrophages from healthy individuals and patients suffering from diffuse-cutaneous SSc on blockade of PDE4. RESULTS Specific inhibition of PDE4 by rolipram and apremilast had potent antifibrotic effects in bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis models, in the topoisomerase I mouse model and in murine sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host disease. Fibroblasts were not the direct targets of the antifibrotic effects of PDE4 blockade. Reduced leucocyte infiltration in lesional skin on PDE4 blockade suggested an immune-mediated mechanism. Further analysis revealed that PDE4 inhibition decreased the differentiation of M2 macrophages and the release of several profibrotic cytokines, resulting in reduced fibroblast activation and collagen release. Within these profibrotic mediators, interleukin-6 appeared to play a central role. CONCLUSIONS PDE4 inhibition reduces inflammatory cell activity and the release of profibrotic cytokines from M2 macrophages, leading to decreased fibroblast activation and collagen release. Importantly, apremilast is already approved for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Therefore, PDE4 inhibitors might be further developed as potential antifibrotic therapies for patients with SSc. Our findings suggest that particularly patients with inflammation-driven fibrosis might benefit from PDE4 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Ramming
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Bergmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rita Weinkam
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicolai Kittan
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg H W Distler
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Beyer
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Institute for Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Pyridazinone: an attractive lead for anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug discovery. Future Med Chem 2017; 9:95-127. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2016-0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of the availability of a large number of anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents, fighting pain and inflammation remains a common problem. The current review article discusses the need of novel therapeutic targets for risk-free anti-inflammatory and analgesic therapy and summarizes some new agents in various stages of drug discovery pipeline. Pyridazin-3(2H)-ones are nitrogen-rich heterocyclic compounds of considerable medicinal interest due to their diverse biological activities. The current review article focuses on progressive development of this attractive scaffold for the design and synthesis of new pyridazinone-based anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. Mechanistic insights into the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of pyridazinone derivatives and various synthetic techniques used for their synthesis are also described.
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Zamora NV, Valerio-Morales IA, Lopez-Olivo MA, Pan X, Suarez-Almazor ME. Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors for psoriatic arthritis. Hippokratia 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Zamora
- The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Department of General Internal Medicine; 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 1465 Houston Texas USA 77030
| | | | - Maria Angeles Lopez-Olivo
- The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Department of General Internal Medicine; 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 1465 Houston Texas USA 77030
| | - Xin Pan
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - Maria E Suarez-Almazor
- The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center; Department of General Internal Medicine; 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Unit 1465 Houston Texas USA 77030
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16
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Hernández-Flórez D, Valor L. Selective Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors: A New Therapeutic Option in Inflammation and Autoimmunity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 12:303-306. [PMID: 27567299 DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Hernández-Flórez
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - Lara Valor
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España.
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Ruso JS, Rajendiran N, Srinivas C, Murthy KN, Soumya K. Antimicrobial Activities of Novel 3-Substituted [1,2,4] Triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazines Derivatives. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2014.58.4.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Koch DA, Silva RBM, de Souza AH, Leite CE, Nicoletti NF, Campos MM, Laufer S, Morrone FB. Efficacy and gastrointestinal tolerability of ML3403, a selective inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase and CBS-3595, a dual inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase and phosphodiesterase 4 in CFA-induced arthritis in rats. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013; 53:425-32. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Ruso JS, Nagappan R, Kumaran RS. Oxidative Cyclisation Based One-Pot Synthesis of 3-Substituted[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazines Using Me 4NBr/Oxone. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2013. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2013.57.5.606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kumar N, Goldminz AM, Kim N, Gottlieb AB. Phosphodiesterase 4-targeted treatments for autoimmune diseases. BMC Med 2013; 11:96. [PMID: 23557064 PMCID: PMC3616808 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancements in phosphodiesterase (PDE)-targeted therapies have shown promise in recent years for treating patients with a variety of autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes the development of PDE4 inhibitors and the associated literature with a focus on treatments for autoimmune diseases. After the initial investigations of the prototypic PDE inhibitor, rolipram, more selective inhibitors targeting the PDE4 isozyme have been developed. With phase II and phase III clinical trials currently underway to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the latest generation of PDE4 inhibitors, namely apremilast, a new class of treatments may be around the corner for patients suffering from chronic, autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal Kumar
- Department of Dermatology, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street #114, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Anti-inflammatory activity of novel ammonium glycyrrhizinate/niosomes delivery system: Human and murine models. J Control Release 2012; 164:17-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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22
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Design and synthesis of some thieno[2,3-c]pyridazine derivatives of expected anticancer activity. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of certain benzothieno[3,2-d][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b] pyridazine derivatives. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9847-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Asif M, Singh A, Siddiqui AA. The effect of pyridazine compounds on the cardiovascular system. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9835-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Mohamed NR, El-Saidi MMT, Ali YM, Elnagdi MH. Microwaves in organic synthesis: Facile synthesis of biologically active pyridazinone and iminopyridazine derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570440615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bortoluzzi AJ, Souza LBP, Joussef AC, Meyer E. Methyl 4-{[6-(4-bromo-phen-yl)-3-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetra-hydro-pyridazin-4-yl]methyl}benzoate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:o1230-1. [PMID: 21754527 PMCID: PMC3089372 DOI: 10.1107/s160053681101467x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The structure of the title compound, C19H17BrN2O3, consists of two cyclic groups, viz. 4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl and 6-(4-bromophenyl)-3-oxo-2,3,4,5-dihydropyridazin-4-yl, which are linked by a methylene spacer. The pyridazine ring is twisted and the dihedral angle between its mean plane and that of the bromophenyl mean plane is 17.2 (2)°. The 4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl group shows a quasi-planar conformation, where the dihedral angle between the mean planes of the phenyl ring and carboxylate ester group is 7.9 (4)°. Centrosymmetric intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds form dimers. These are linked by C—Br⋯O=C interactions [Br⋯O = 3.10 (1) Å] to form a one-dimensional polymeric structure running along the [10] direction.
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Giovannoni MP, Graziano A, Matucci R, Nesi M, Cesari N, Vergelli C, Biancalani C, Crocetti L, Cilibrizzi A, Dal Piaz V. Synthesis and evaluation as PDE4 inhibitors of pyrimidine-2,4-dione derivatives. Drug Dev Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.20395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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El-Sayed HA, Moustafa AH, Haikal AZ, El-Ashry ESH. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of some glucosyl- and ribosyl-pyridazin-3-ones. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2009; 28:184-92. [PMID: 19333857 DOI: 10.1080/15257770902831011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of 5,6-diphenylpyridazin-3(2H)-one 1a,b with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl bromide 2 in K(2)CO(3)/acetone gave 5,6-diphenyl-N(2)-(2',3',4',6'-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)pyridazin-3-one 5a,b. The same nucleosides 5a,b were obtained by reaction of 1a,b with peracetylated glucose 3 under MW irradiation. Mercuration of 1a,b followed by reaction with glucosyl bromide 2 gave the same nucleosides 5a,b. The riboside 4-cyano-5,6-diphenyl-N(2)-(2',3',5'-tri-O-acetyl-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-pyridazin-3-one 8 was obtained by reaction of 4-cyanopyridazinone 1b with peracetylated ribose 7 under MW irradiation. The deprotected nucleosides 6a,b and 9 were obtained by stirring of 5a,b and 8 in methanol and TEA/H(2)O. The structure was confirmed using (1)H and (13)C-NMR spectra. Selected members of these compounds were screened for antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A El-Sayed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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