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Zhao Y, Wang G, Wei Z, Li D, Morshedi M. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Wnt, notch signaling and exercise: what are their functions? Hum Cell 2024; 37:1612. [PMID: 38386243 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Zhao
- Ministry of Public Sports, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Guangjun Wang
- Ministry of Public Sports, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China.
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Duo Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
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Harzer W, Augstein A, Juenger D, Keil C, Weiland B. Notch expression profile and satellite cell stimulation in masseter muscle before and after orthognathic surgery. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2020; 49:93-97. [PMID: 33357968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this prospective study was to compare the expression of the Notch receptor family with the biomarker for stimulation of satellite cells (SC), which are responsible for functional adaptation. Tissue samples from the masseter muscle were taken presurgically and 7 months later. Samples from controls came from the extraction of third molars. The expression of Notch 1 to 4 and the satellite cell markers CD34, Pax7, and MyoD1 were investigated. PCR was used for relative quantification of gene expression, which was calculated with the ΔΔCT method. The study involved 38 white patients - 10 prognathic, 18 retrognathic, and 10 orthognathic controls. The median value for Notch 1 was significantly reduced presurgically for prognathic (0.46, SD 0.45) and retrognathic (0.57, SD 0.35) patients compared with the controls. Postsurgically, Notch 2 was significantly upregulated in the prognathic group (0.55, SD 0.28/1.37, SD 0.85). Similarly, there was upregulation of Notch 3 in the prognathic group (0.33, SD 0.42/0.59, SD 1.37) and downregulation in retrognathic patients (0.59, SD 0.79/0.52, SD 0.97). Upregulations for the satellite cell markers CD34 and Pax7 were also found in prognathic patients. The significant upregulation of Notch 1-3 and CD34 in prognathics, but unchanged MyoD expression, signals high stimulation for SC and maintenance of the regeneration cell pool. A lower expression of Notch and SC in retrognathic patients could be responsible for weak functional adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winfried Harzer
- Department of Orthodontics, Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Antje Augstein
- Center for Heart Diseases, Fetscherstr. 76, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Diana Juenger
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christiane Keil
- Department of Orthodontics, Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bernhard Weiland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
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Asami Y, Aizawa M, Kinoshita M, Ishikawa J, Sakuma K. Resveratrol attenuates denervation-induced muscle atrophy due to the blockade of atrogin-1 and p62 accumulation. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:628-637. [PMID: 29725254 PMCID: PMC5930465 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.22723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Decrease in activity stress induces skeletal muscle atrophy. A previous study showed that treatment with resveratrol inhibits muscular atrophy in mdx mice, a model of DMD. However, almost all studies using resveratrol supplementation have only looked at adaptive changes in the muscle weight. The present study was designed to elucidate whether the resveratrol-inducing attenuation of skeletal muscle actually reflects the adaptation of muscle fibers themselves, based on the modulation of atrogin-1- or p62-dependent signaling. Mice were fed either a normal diet or 0.5% resveratrol diet. One week later, the right sciatic nerve was cut. The wet weight, mean fiber area, and amount of atrogin-1 and p62 proteins were examined in the gastrocnemius muscle at 14 days after denervation. The 0.5% resveratrol diet significantly prevented denervation-induced decreases in both the muscle weight and fiber atrophy. In addition, dietary resveratrol suppressed the denervation-induced atrogin-1 and p62 immunoreactivity. In contrast, 0.5% resveratrol supplementation did not significantly modulate the total protein amount of atrogin-1 or p62 in the denervated muscle of mice. Resveratrol supplementation significantly prevents muscle atrophy after denervation in mice, possibly due to the decrease in atrogin-1 and p62-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Asami
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Miki Aizawa
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Masakazu Kinoshita
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Junji Ishikawa
- FANCL Research Institute, 12-13 Kamishinano, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, 244-0806, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Sakuma
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan.,Institute for Liberal Arts, Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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4
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Tabata S, Aizawa M, Kinoshita M, Ito Y, Kawamura Y, Takebe M, Pan W, Sakuma K. The influence of isoflavone for denervation-induced muscle atrophy. Eur J Nutr 2017; 58:291-300. [PMID: 29236164 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Decrease in activity stress induces skeletal muscle atrophy. A previous study showed that treatment with a high level (20%) of isoflavone inhibits muscle atrophy after short-term denervation (at 4 days) in mice. The present study was designed to elucidate whether the dietary isoflavone aglycone (AglyMax) at a 0.6% prevents denervation-mediated muscle atrophy, based on the modulation of atrogin-1- or apoptosis-dependent signaling. METHODS Mice were fed either a normal diet or 0.6% AglyMax diet. One week later, the right sciatic nerve was cut. The wet weight, mean fiber area, amount of atrogin-1 and cleaved caspase-3 proteins, and the percentages of apoptotic nuclei were examined in the gastrocnemius muscle at 14 days after denervation. RESULTS The 0.6% AglyMax diet significantly attenuated denervation-induced decreases in fiber atrophy but not the muscle wet weight. In addition, dietary isoflavone suppressed the denervation-induced apoptosis in spite of there being no significant changes in the amount of cleaved caspase-3 protein. In contrast, the 0.6% AglyMax diet did not significantly modulate the protein expression of atrogin-1 in the denervated muscle of mice. CONCLUSIONS The isoflavone aglycone (AglyMax) at a 0.6% significantly would modulate muscle atrophy after denervation in mice, probably due to the decrease in apoptosis-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinpei Tabata
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Miki Aizawa
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Masakazu Kinoshita
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ito
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawamura
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
| | | | - Weijun Pan
- Nichimo Biotics Company, Tokyo, 140-0002, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Sakuma
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan. .,Institute for Liberal Arts, Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.
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5
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Fujimaki S, Wakabayashi T, Asashima M, Takemasa T, Kuwabara T. Treadmill running induces satellite cell activation in diabetic mice. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 8:6-13. [PMID: 28955935 PMCID: PMC5613654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle-derived stem cells, termed as satellite cells, play essential roles in regeneration after muscle injury in adult skeletal muscle. Diabetes mellitus (DM), one of the most common metabolic diseases, causes impairments of satellite cell function. However, the studies of the countermeasures for the DM-induced dysfunction of satellite cells have been poor. Here, we investigated the effects of chronic running exercise on satellite cell activation in diabetic mice focused on the molecular mechanism including Notch and Wnt signaling, which are contribute to the fate determination of satellite cells. Male C57BL/6 mice 4 weeks of age were injected with streptozotocin and were randomly divided into runner group and control group. Runner group mice were performed treadmill running for 4 weeks. DM attenuated satellite cell activation and the expressions of the components of Notch and Wnt signaling. However, chronic running resulted in activation of satellite cells in diabetic mice and salvaged the inactivity of Wnt signaling but not Notch signaling. Our results suggest that chronic running induces satellite cell activation via upregulation of Wnt signaling in diabetic as well as normal mice. Diabetes attenuates satellite cell activation. Diabetes downregulates the activities of Notch and Wnt signaling. Treadmill running activates satellite cells in diabetic mice. Treadmill running can salvage diabetes-induced downregulation of Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Fujimaki
- Stem Cell Engineering Research Group, Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
- Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
| | - Tamami Wakabayashi
- Stem Cell Engineering Research Group, Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Makoto Asashima
- Stem Cell Engineering Research Group, Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Tohru Takemasa
- Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Tomoko Kuwabara
- Stem Cell Engineering Research Group, Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
- Corresponding authors.
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6
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Sakuma K, Kinoshita M, Ito Y, Aizawa M, Aoi W, Yamaguchi A. p62/SQSTM1 but not LC3 is accumulated in sarcopenic muscle of mice. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2016; 7:204-12. [PMID: 27493873 PMCID: PMC4864138 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM We investigated the pathway of autophagy signaling linked to sarcopenia of mice. METHODS Young adult (3-month) and aged (24- month) C57BL/6J mice were used. Using real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical microscopy, we evaluated the amounts of p62/SQSTM1, LC3, and Beclin-1 in the quadriceps muscle change with aging in mice. RESULTS Marked fiber atrophy (30%) and many fibers with central nuclei were observed in the aged mice. Western blotting using homogenate of the cytosolic fraction clearly showed that the amounts of p62/SQSTM1 and Beclin-1 proteins were significantly increased in the aged skeletal muscle. The amounts of these proteins in both nuclear and membrane fractions did not change significantly with age. Immunofluorescence labeling indicated that aged mice more frequently possessed p62/SQSTM1-positive fibers in the cytosol in quadriceps muscle than young ones (aged: 14% vs. young: 1%). In aged muscle, p62/SQSTM1-positive fibers were significantly smaller than the surrounding p62/SQSTM1-negative fibers. Aging did not elicit significant changes in the mRNA levels of p62/SQSTM1 and Beclin-1, but decreased LC3 mRNA level. In aged muscle, the location of p62/SQSTM1 immunoreactivity was similar to that of Beclin-1 protein, but not LC3. CONCLUSION Sarcopenia in mice appears to include a marked defect of autophagy signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiro Sakuma
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and HealthToyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi, 1‐1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku‐cho441‐8580Japan
| | - Masakazu Kinoshita
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and HealthToyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi, 1‐1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku‐cho441‐8580Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ito
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and HealthToyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi, 1‐1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku‐cho441‐8580Japan
| | - Miki Aizawa
- Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and HealthToyohashi University of TechnologyToyohashi, 1‐1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku‐cho441‐8580Japan
| | - Wataru Aoi
- Laboratory of Health Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental SciencesKyoto Prefectural UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Akihiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Physical TherapyHealth Sciences University of HokkaidoKanazawaIshikari‐Tobetsu, HokkaidoJapan
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7
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West DWD, Baehr LM, Marcotte GR, Chason CM, Tolento L, Gomes AV, Bodine SC, Baar K. Acute resistance exercise activates rapamycin-sensitive and -insensitive mechanisms that control translational activity and capacity in skeletal muscle. J Physiol 2015; 594:453-68. [PMID: 26548696 DOI: 10.1113/jp271365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Ribosome biogenesis is the primary determinant of translational capacity, but its regulation in skeletal muscle following acute resistance exercise is poorly understood. Resistance exercise increases muscle protein synthesis acutely, and muscle mass with training, but the role of translational capacity in these processes is unclear. Here, we show that acute resistance exercise activated pathways controlling translational activity and capacity through both rapamycin-sensitive and -insensitive mechanisms. Transcription factor c-Myc and its downstream targets, which are known to regulate ribosome biogenesis in other cell types, were upregulated after resistance exercise in a rapamycin-independent manner and may play a role in determining translational capacity in skeletal muscle. Local inhibition of myostatin was also not affected by rapamycin and may contribute to the rapamycin-independent effects of resistance exercise. ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine (1) the effect of acute resistance exercise on mechanisms of ribosome biogenesis, and (2) the impact of mammalian target of rapamycin on ribosome biogenesis, and muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and degradation. Female F344BN rats underwent unilateral electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve to mimic resistance exercise in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. TA muscles were collected at intervals over the 36 h of exercise recovery (REx); separate groups of animals were administered rapamycin pre-exercise (REx+Rapamycin). Resistance exercise led to a prolonged (6-36 h) elevation (30-50%) of MPS that was fully blocked by rapamycin at 6 h but only partially at 18 h. REx also altered pathways that regulate protein homeostasis and mRNA translation in a manner that was both rapamycin-sensitive (proteasome activity; phosphorylation of S6K1 and rpS6) and rapamycin-insensitive (phosphorylation of eEF2, ERK1/2 and UBF; gene expression of the myostatin target Mighty as well as c-Myc and its targets involved in ribosome biogenesis). The role of c-Myc was tested in vitro using the inhibitor 10058-F4, which, over time, decreased basal RNA and MPS in a dose-dependent manner (correlation of RNA and MPS, r(2) = 0.98), even though it had no effect on the acute stimulation of protein synthesis. In conclusion, acute resistance exercise stimulated rapamycin-sensitive and -insensitive mechanisms that regulate translation activity and capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W D West
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Leslie M Baehr
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - George R Marcotte
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Courtney M Chason
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Luis Tolento
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Sue C Bodine
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA
| | - Keith Baar
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, Physiology & Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, USA
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8
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Functional Overload Enhances Satellite Cell Properties in Skeletal Muscle. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:7619418. [PMID: 26779264 PMCID: PMC4686724 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7619418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle represents a plentiful and accessible source of adult stem cells. Skeletal-muscle-derived stem cells, termed satellite cells, play essential roles in postnatal growth, maintenance, repair, and regeneration of skeletal muscle. Although it is well known that the number of satellite cells increases following physical exercise, functional alterations in satellite cells such as proliferative capacity and differentiation efficiency following exercise and their molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we found that functional overload, which is widely used to model resistance exercise, causes skeletal muscle hypertrophy and converts satellite cells from quiescent state to activated state. Our analysis showed that functional overload induces the expression of MyoD in satellite cells and enhances the proliferative capacity and differentiation potential of these cells. The changes in satellite cell properties coincided with the inactivation of Notch signaling and the activation of Wnt signaling and likely involve modulation by transcription factors of the Sox family. These results indicate the effects of resistance exercise on the regulation of satellite cells and provide insight into the molecular mechanism of satellite cell activation following physical exercise.
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9
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Zempo H, Suzuki JI, Ogawa M, Watanabe R, Isobe M. A different role of angiotensin II type 1a receptor in the development and hypertrophy of plantaris muscle in mice. J Appl Genet 2015; 57:91-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s13353-015-0291-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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10
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Lee JD, Fry CS, Mula J, Kirby TJ, Jackson JR, Liu F, Yang L, Dupont-Versteegden EE, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Aged Muscle Demonstrates Fiber-Type Adaptations in Response to Mechanical Overload, in the Absence of Myofiber Hypertrophy, Independent of Satellite Cell Abundance. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2015; 71:461-7. [PMID: 25878030 PMCID: PMC5175449 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glv033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although sarcopenia, age-associated loss of muscle mass and strength, is neither accelerated nor exacerbated by depletion of muscle stem cells, satellite cells, we hypothesized that adaptation in sarcopenic muscle would be compromised. To test this hypothesis, we depleted satellite cells with tamoxifen treatment of Pax7(CreER)-DTA mice at 4 months of age, and 20 months later subjected the plantaris muscle to 2 weeks of mechanical overload. We found myofiber hypertrophy was impaired in aged mice regardless of satellite cell content. Even in the absence of growth, vehicle-treated mice mounted a regenerative response, not apparent in tamoxifen-treated mice. Further, myonuclear accretion occurred in the absence of growth, which was prevented by satellite cell depletion, demonstrating that myonuclear addition is insufficient to drive myofiber hypertrophy. Satellite cell depletion increased extracellular matrix content of aged muscle that was exacerbated by overload, potentially limiting myofiber growth. These results support the idea that satellite cells regulate the muscle environment, and that their loss during aging may contribute to fibrosis, particularly during periods of remodeling. Overload induced a fiber-type composition improvement, independent of satellite cells, suggesting that aged muscle is very responsive to exercise-induced enhancement in oxidative capacity, even with an impaired hypertrophic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah D Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington. Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Christopher S Fry
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Jyothi Mula
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Tyler J Kirby
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Janna R Jackson
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Fujun Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Esther E Dupont-Versteegden
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - John J McCarthy
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington.
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11
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Terragni J, Zhang G, Sun Z, Pradhan S, Song L, Crawford GE, Lacey M, Ehrlich M. Notch signaling genes: myogenic DNA hypomethylation and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine. Epigenetics 2014; 9:842-50. [PMID: 24670287 PMCID: PMC4065182 DOI: 10.4161/epi.28597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch intercellular signaling is critical for diverse developmental pathways and for homeostasis in various types of stem cells and progenitor cells. Because Notch gene products need to be precisely regulated spatially and temporally, epigenetics is likely to help control expression of Notch signaling genes. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) indicated significant hypomethylation in myoblasts, myotubes, and skeletal muscle vs. many nonmuscle samples at intragenic or intergenic regions of the following Notch receptor or ligand genes: NOTCH1, NOTCH2, JAG2, and DLL1. An enzymatic assay of sites in or near these genes revealed unusually high enrichment of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (up to 81%) in skeletal muscle, heart, and cerebellum. Epigenetics studies and gene expression profiles suggest that hypomethylation and/or hydroxymethylation help control expression of these genes in heart, brain, myoblasts, myotubes, and within skeletal muscle myofibers. Such regulation could promote cell renewal, cell maintenance, homeostasis, and a poised state for repair of tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhiyi Sun
- New England Biolabs; Ipswich, MA USA
| | | | - Lingyun Song
- Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy; Duke University; Durham, NC USA
| | | | - Michelle Lacey
- Tulane Cancer Center and Department of Mathematics; Tulane Health Sciences Center and Tulane University; New Orleans, LA USA
| | - Melanie Ehrlich
- Program in Human Genetics; Tulane Cancer Center; Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics; Tulane Health Sciences Center; New Orleans, LA USA
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12
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MacKenzie MG, Hamilton DL, Pepin M, Patton A, Baar K. Inhibition of myostatin signaling through Notch activation following acute resistance exercise. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68743. [PMID: 23844238 PMCID: PMC3699505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Myostatin is a TGFβ family member and negative regulator of muscle size. Due to the complexity of the molecular pathway between myostatin mRNA/protein and changes in transcription, it has been difficult to understand whether myostatin plays a role in resistance exercise-induced skeletal muscle hypertrophy. To circumvent this problem, we determined the expression of a unique myostatin target gene, Mighty, following resistance exercise. Mighty mRNA increased by 6 h (82.9 ± 24.21%) and remained high out to 48 h (56.5 ± 19.67%) after resistance exercise. Further examination of the soleus, plantaris and tibialis anterior muscles showed that the change in Mighty mRNA at 6 h correlated with the increase in muscle size associated with this protocol (R(2) = 0.9996). The increase in Mighty mRNA occurred both independent of Smad2 phosphorylation and in spite of an increase in myostatin mRNA (341.8 ± 147.14% at 3 h). The myostatin inhibitor SKI remained unchanged. However, activated Notch, another potential inhibitor of TGFβ signaling, increased immediately following resistance exercise (83 ± 11.2%) and stayed elevated out to 6 h (78 ± 16.6%). Electroportion of the Notch intracellular domain into the tibialis anterior resulted in an increase in Mighty mRNA (63 ± 13.4%) that was equivalent to the canonical Notch target HES-1 (94.4 ± 7.32%). These data suggest that acute resistance exercise decreases myostatin signaling through the activation of the TGFβ inhibitor Notch resulting in a decrease in myostatin transcriptional activity that correlates well with muscle hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G. MacKenzie
- Division of Molecular Physiology, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - David Lee Hamilton
- Division of Molecular Physiology, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Health and Exercise Sciences Research Group, School of Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Pepin
- Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Amy Patton
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Keith Baar
- Division of Molecular Physiology, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Arthur ST, Cooley ID. The effect of physiological stimuli on sarcopenia; impact of Notch and Wnt signaling on impaired aged skeletal muscle repair. Int J Biol Sci 2012; 8:731-60. [PMID: 22701343 PMCID: PMC3371570 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.4262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function that is associated with sarcopenia can result in ultimate consequences such as decreased quality of life. The causes of sarcopenia are multifactorial and include environmental and biological factors. The purpose of this review is to synthesize what the literature reveals in regards to the cellular regulation of sarcopenia, including impaired muscle regenerative capacity in the aged, and to discuss if physiological stimuli have the potential to slow the loss of myogenic potential that is associated with sarcopenia. In addition, this review article will discuss the effect of aging on Notch and Wnt signaling, and whether physiological stimuli have the ability to restore Notch and Wnt signaling resulting in rejuvenated aged muscle repair. The intention of this summary is to bring awareness to the benefits of consistent physiological stimulus (exercise) to combating sarcopenia as well as proclaiming the usefulness of contraction-induced injury models to studying the effects of local and systemic influences on aged myogenic capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Tsivitse Arthur
- Department of Kinesiology, Laboratory of Systems Physiology, University North Carolina - Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
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McCarthy JJ, Mula J, Miyazaki M, Erfani R, Garrison K, Farooqui AB, Srikuea R, Lawson BA, Grimes B, Keller C, Van Zant G, Campbell KS, Esser KA, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Peterson CA. Effective fiber hypertrophy in satellite cell-depleted skeletal muscle. Development 2011; 138:3657-66. [PMID: 21828094 DOI: 10.1242/dev.068858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 443] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An important unresolved question in skeletal muscle plasticity is whether satellite cells are necessary for muscle fiber hypertrophy. To address this issue, a novel mouse strain (Pax7-DTA) was created which enabled the conditional ablation of >90% of satellite cells in mature skeletal muscle following tamoxifen administration. To test the hypothesis that satellite cells are necessary for skeletal muscle hypertrophy, the plantaris muscle of adult Pax7-DTA mice was subjected to mechanical overload by surgical removal of the synergist muscle. Following two weeks of overload, satellite cell-depleted muscle showed the same increases in muscle mass (approximately twofold) and fiber cross-sectional area with hypertrophy as observed in the vehicle-treated group. The typical increase in myonuclei with hypertrophy was absent in satellite cell-depleted fibers, resulting in expansion of the myonuclear domain. Consistent with lack of nuclear addition to enlarged fibers, long-term BrdU labeling showed a significant reduction in the number of BrdU-positive myonuclei in satellite cell-depleted muscle compared with vehicle-treated muscle. Single fiber functional analyses showed no difference in specific force, Ca(2+) sensitivity, rate of cross-bridge cycling and cooperativity between hypertrophied fibers from vehicle and tamoxifen-treated groups. Although a small component of the hypertrophic response, both fiber hyperplasia and regeneration were significantly blunted following satellite cell depletion, indicating a distinct requirement for satellite cells during these processes. These results provide convincing evidence that skeletal muscle fibers are capable of mounting a robust hypertrophic response to mechanical overload that is not dependent on satellite cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J McCarthy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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Tsivitse S. Notch and Wnt signaling, physiological stimuli and postnatal myogenesis. Int J Biol Sci 2010; 6:268-81. [PMID: 20567496 PMCID: PMC2878172 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.6.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle stem cells, termed satellite cells are imperative to muscle regeneration. Much work has been performed on satellite cell identification and the subsequent activation of the myogenic response but the regulation of satellite cells including its activation is not well elucidated. The purpose of this review article is to synthesize what the literature reveals in regards to the current understanding of satellite cells including their contribution to muscle repair and growth following physiological stimuli. In addition, this review article will describe the recent findings on the roles of the classic developmental signaling pathways, Notch and Wnt, to the myogenic response in various muscle injury models. This purpose of this summary is to bring awareness of the impact that muscle contraction models have on the local and systemic environment of adult muscle stem cells which will be beneficial for comprehending and treatment development for muscle -associated ailments and other organ diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Tsivitse
- Department of Kinesiology, Exercise Physiology Laboratory, University North Carolina-Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
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