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Fan L, Zhang S, Li X, Hu Z, Yang J, Zhang S, Zheng H, Su Y, Luo H, Liu X, Fan Y, Sun H, Zhang Z, Miao J, Song B, Xia Z, Shi C, Mao C, Xu Y. CHCHD2 p.Thr61Ile knock-in mice exhibit motor defects and neuropathological features of Parkinson's disease. Brain Pathol 2023; 33:e13124. [PMID: 36322611 PMCID: PMC10154378 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The p.Thr61Ile (p.T61I) mutation in coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2) was deemed a causative factor in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the pathomechanism of the CHCHD2 p.T61I mutation in PD remains unclear. Few existing mouse models of CHCHD2-related PD completely reproduce the features of PD, and no transgenic or knock-in (KI) mouse models of CHCHD2 mutations have been reported. In the present study, we generated a novel CHCHD2 p.T61I KI mouse model, which exhibited accelerated mortality, progressive motor deficits, and dopaminergic (DA) neurons loss with age, accompanied by the accumulation and aggregation of α-synuclein and p-α-synuclein in the brains of the mutant mice. The mitochondria of mouse brains and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived DA neurons carrying the CHCHD2 p.T61I mutation exhibited aberrant morphology and impaired function. Mechanistically, proteomic and RNA sequencing analysis revealed that p.T61I mutation induced mitochondrial dysfunction in aged mice likely through repressed insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) expression, resulting in the degeneration of the nervous system. Overall, this CHCHD2 p.T61I KI mouse model recapitulated the crucial clinical and neuropathological aspects of patients with PD and provided a novel tool for understanding the pathogenic mechanism and therapeutic interventions of CHCHD2-related PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Fan
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xinwei Li
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhengwei Hu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Neuro‐Intensive Care UnitThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Huimin Zheng
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yun Su
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Haiyang Luo
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xinjing Liu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Huifang Sun
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhongxian Zhang
- Sino‐British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Jinxin Miao
- Sino‐British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Academy of Chinese Medicine ScienceHenan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhouChina
| | - Bo Song
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zongping Xia
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Clinical Systems Biology LaboratoriesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Changhe Shi
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Institute of NeuroscienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Chengyuan Mao
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Sino‐British Research Centre for Molecular Oncology, National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yuming Xu
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
- Institute of NeuroscienceZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
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Birt IA, Hagenauer MH, Clinton SM, Aydin C, Blandino P, Stead JD, Hilde KL, Meng F, Thompson RC, Khalil H, Stefanov A, Maras P, Zhou Z, Hebda-Bauer EK, Goldman D, Watson SJ, Akil H. Genetic Liability for Internalizing Versus Externalizing Behavior Manifests in the Developing and Adult Hippocampus: Insight From a Meta-analysis of Transcriptional Profiling Studies in a Selectively Bred Rat Model. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 89:339-355. [PMID: 32762937 PMCID: PMC7704921 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For more than 16 years, we have selectively bred rats for either high or low levels of exploratory activity within a novel environment. These bred high-responder (bHR) and bred low-responder (bLR) rats model temperamental extremes, exhibiting large differences in internalizing and externalizing behaviors relevant to mood and substance use disorders. METHODS We characterized persistent differences in gene expression related to bHR/bLR phenotype across development and adulthood in the hippocampus, a region critical for emotional regulation, by meta-analyzing 8 transcriptional profiling datasets (microarray and RNA sequencing) spanning 43 generations of selective breeding (postnatal day 7: n = 22; postnatal day 14: n = 49; postnatal day 21: n = 21; adult: n = 46; all male). We cross-referenced expression differences with exome sequencing within our colony to pinpoint candidates likely to mediate the effect of selective breeding on behavioral phenotype. The results were compared with hippocampal profiling from other bred rat models. RESULTS Genetic and transcriptional profiling results converged to implicate multiple candidate genes, including two previously associated with metabolism and mood: Trhr and Ucp2. Results also highlighted bHR/bLR functional differences in the hippocampus, including a network essential for neurodevelopmental programming, proliferation, and differentiation, centering on Bmp4 and Mki67. Finally, we observed differential expression related to microglial activation, which is important for synaptic pruning, including 2 genes within implicated chromosomal regions: C1qa and Mfge8. CONCLUSIONS These candidate genes and functional pathways may direct bHR/bLR rats along divergent developmental trajectories and promote a widely different reactivity to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle A. Birt
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Megan H. Hagenauer
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Cigdem Aydin
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Peter Blandino
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - John D.H. Stead
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario,
Canada
| | - Kathryn L. Hilde
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Fan Meng
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Robert C. Thompson
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Huzefa Khalil
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Alex Stefanov
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Pamela Maras
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Zhifeng Zhou
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Elaine K. Hebda-Bauer
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - David Goldman
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National
Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stanley J. Watson
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Huda Akil
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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3
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Anxiety and Brain Mitochondria: A Bidirectional Crosstalk. Trends Neurosci 2019; 42:573-588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Bennuri SC, Rose S, Frye RE. Mitochondrial Dysfunction Is Inducible in Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines From Children With Autism and May Involve the TORC1 Pathway. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:269. [PMID: 31133888 PMCID: PMC6514096 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously developed a lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) model of mitochondrial dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder (ASD); some individuals with ASD showed mitochondrial dysfunction (AD-A) while other individuals (AD-N) demonstrated mitochondrial respiration similar to controls (CNT). To test the hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction could be a consequence of environmental exposures through chronic elevations in reactive oxygen species (ROS), we exposed LCLs to prolonged ROS. We also examined expression of metabolic regulatory genes and the modulating effect of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Prolonged ROS exposure induced or worsened mitochondrial dysfunction in all LCL groups. Expression of genes associated with ROS protection was elevated in both AD-N and AD-A LCLs, but mitochondrial fission/fusion and mitoplasticity gene expression was only increased in AD-N LCLs. Partial least squares discriminant analysis showed that mTOR, UCP2 (uncoupling protein 2), SIRT1 (sirtuin 1), and MFN2 (mitofusin-2) gene expression differentiated LCL groups. Low-dose rapamycin (0.1 nM) normalized respiration with the magnitude of this normalization greater for AD-A LCLs, suggesting that the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway may have a different dynamic range for regulating mitochondrial activity in individuals with ASD with and without mitochondrial dysfunction, potentially related to S6K1 (S6 kinase beta-1) regulation. Understanding pathways that underlie mitochondrial dysfunction in ASD may lead to novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirish C Bennuri
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Shannon Rose
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Richard E Frye
- Barrow Neurologic Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, United States.,Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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5
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Bai Y, Bai Y, Wang S, Wu F, Wang DH, Chen J, Huang J, Li H, Li Y, Wu S, Wang Y, Yang Y. Targeted upregulation of uncoupling protein 2 within the basal ganglia output structure ameliorates dyskinesia after severe liver failure. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:40-50. [PMID: 29857139 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Impaired motor function, due to the dysfunction of the basal ganglia, is the most common syndrome of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), and its etiology remains poorly understood. Neural oxidative stress is shown to be the major cellular defects contributing to HE pathogenesis. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) has been implicated in neuroprotection in several neurological disorders. We explored the neuroprotective role of UCP2 within the substantia nigra pars reticulate (SNr), the output structure of the basal ganglia, in HE. The toxin thioacetamide (TAA) induced HE mice showed hypolocomotion, which was associated with decreased ATP levels and loss of antioxidant substances SOD and GSH within the SNr. Stable overexpression of UCP2 via AAV-UCP2 under the control of the UCP2 promoter in bilateral SNr preserved local ATP level, increased antioxidant substances, and ameliorated locomotion defects after severe liver failure. Contrary to UCP2 overexpression, targeted knockdown of UCP2 within bilateral SNr via AAV-UCP2 shRNA exacerbated the impaired mitochondrial dysfunction and hypokinesia in HE mice. The modulatory effects of UCP2 was due to mediation of K+-Cl- cotransporter-2 (KCC2) expression on GABAergic neurons of SNr. Taken together, our results demonstrate that UCP2 exerts a neural protective role at the subcortical level by increasing the resistance of neurons to oxidative stress, which may offer a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of motor dysfunction diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhu Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Shengming Wang
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Feifei Wu
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Dong Hui Wang
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Yunqing Li
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Shengxi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Yayun Wang
- Department of Anatomy and K.K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China.
| | - Yanling Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
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Silva TLA, Braz GRF, Silva SCDA, Pedroza AADS, Freitas CDM, Ferreira DJS, da Silva AI, Lagranha CJ. Serotonin transporter inhibition during neonatal period induces sex-dependent effects on mitochondrial bioenergetics in the rat brainstem. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:1620-1634. [PMID: 29802653 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The serotonin reuptake is mainly regulated by the serotonin transporters (SERTs), which are abundantly found in the raphe nuclei, located in the brainstem. Previous studies have shown that dysfunction in the SERT has been associated with several disorders, including depression and cardiovascular diseases. In this manuscript, we aimed to investigate how gender and the treatment with a serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) could affect mitochondrial bioenergetics and oxidative stress in the brainstem of male and female rats. Fluoxetine, our chosen SSRI, was used during the neonatal period (i.e., from postnatal Day 1 to postnatal Day 21-PND1 to PND21) in both male and female animals. Thereafter, experiments were conducted in adult rats (60 days old). Our results demonstrate that, during lactation, fluoxetine treatment modulates the mitochondrial bioenergetics in a sex-dependent manner, such as improving male mitochondrial function and female antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tercya Lucidi Araujo Silva
- Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Glauber Rudá Feitoza Braz
- Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Aline Isabel da Silva
- Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Claudia Jacques Lagranha
- Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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7
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Shimamoto A, Rappeneau V. Sex-dependent mental illnesses and mitochondria. Schizophr Res 2017; 187:38-46. [PMID: 28279571 PMCID: PMC5581986 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of some mental illnesses, including major depression, anxiety-, trauma-, and stress-related disorders, some substance use disorders, and later onset of schizophrenia, is higher in women than men. While the higher prevalence in women could simply be explained by socioeconomic determinants, such as income, social status, or cultural background, extensive studies show sex differences in biological, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacological factors contribute to females' vulnerability to these mental illnesses. In this review, we focus on estrogens, chronic stress, and neurotoxicity from behavioral, pharmacological, biological, and molecular perspectives to delineate the sex differences in these mental illnesses. Particularly, we investigate a possible role of mitochondrial function, including biosynthesis, bioenergetics, and signaling, on mediating the sex differences in psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Shimamoto
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd., Nashville, TN 37028-3599, United States.
| | - Virginie Rappeneau
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd., Nashville, TN 37028-3599, United States
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Wang D, Zhai X, Chen P, Yang M, Zhao J, Dong J, Liu H. Hippocampal UCP2 is essential for cognition and resistance to anxiety but not required for the benefits of exercise. Neuroscience 2014; 277:36-44. [PMID: 25003714 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) reduces oxidative stress by facilitating the influx of protons into mitochondrial matrix, thus dissociating mitochondrial oxidation from ATP synthesis. UCP2 is expressed abundantly in brain areas and plays a key role in neuroprotection. Here, we sought to determine if UCP2 deficiency produces cognitive impairment and anxiety in young mice, and to determine if hippocampal UCP2 is essential for the beneficial effects of voluntary exercise. Antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) was used to produce UCP2 knockdown in mice. Our results firstly showed that UCP2-targeted ASO significantly reduced UCP2 mRNA and protein expression in the hippocampus. ASO treatment impaired learning and memory of the mice in Y-maze, T-maze, and object recognition tests (ORT). ASO-treated mice exhibited more anxiously in OPT, light/dark box test, and elevated plus maze (EPM) than the control mice. We also found that wheel running ameliorated cognitive dysfunction and anxiety-like behaviors in ASO-treated mice. Furthermore, voluntary exercise reversed ASO-induced changes in hippocampal levels of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and norepinephrine (NE). However, UCP2 protein in the hippocampus was not correlated with cognitive and anxiolytic benefits of exercise. These findings suggest that hippocampal UCP2 is essential for cognitive function and the resistance to anxiety of mice, but not required for the beneficial effects of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wang
- College of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research Institute of Sports Medicine, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong 271016, China.
| | - X Zhai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - P Chen
- College of Basal Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong 271016, China
| | - M Yang
- Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong 271016, China
| | - J Zhao
- College of Biological Science, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong 271016, China
| | - J Dong
- College of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research Institute of Sports Medicine, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong 271016, China
| | - H Liu
- College of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research Institute of Sports Medicine, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong 271016, China
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9
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Abdelhamid RE, Kovács KJ, Nunez MG, Larson AA. After a cold conditioning swim, UCP2-deficient mice are more able to defend against the cold than wild type mice. Physiol Behav 2014; 135:168-73. [PMID: 24952267 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is widely distributed throughout the body including the brain, adipose tissue and skeletal muscles. In contrast to UCP1, UCP2 does not influence resting body temperature and UCP2-deficient (-/-) mice have normal thermoregulatory responses to a single exposure to cold ambient temperatures. Instead, UCP2-deficient mice are more anxious, exhibit anhedonia and have higher circulating corticosterone than wild type mice. To test the possible role of UCP2 in depressive behavior we exposed UCP2-deficient and wild type mice to a cold (26°C) forced swim and simultaneously measured rectal temperatures during and after the swim. The time that UCP2-deficient mice spent immobile did not differ from wild type mice and all mice floated more on day 2. However, UCP2-deficient mice were more able to defend against the decrease in body temperature during a second daily swim at 26°C than wild type mice (area under the curve for wild type mice: 247.0±6.4; for UCP2-deficient mice: 284.4±3.8, P<0.0001, Student's t test). The improved thermoregulation of wild type mice during a second swim at 26°C correlated with their greater immobility whereas defense against the warmth during a swim at 41°C correlated better with greater immobility of UCP2-deficient mice. Together these data indicate that while the lack of UCP2 has no acute effect on body temperature, UCP2 may inhibit rapid improvements in defense against cold, in contrast to UCP1, whose main function is to promote thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy E Abdelhamid
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Katalin J Kovács
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Myra G Nunez
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Alice A Larson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
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10
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R K, D M A, C N, S N W, C D. Oxidative imbalance and anxiety disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2014; 12:193-204. [PMID: 24669212 PMCID: PMC3964749 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x11666131120223530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxidative imbalance appears to have an important role in anxiety development. Studies in both humans and animals have shown a strong correlation between anxiety and oxidative stress. In humans, for example, the increased malondialdehyde levels and discrepancies in antioxidant enzymes in erythrocytes have been observed. In animals, several studies also show that anxiety-like behavior is related to the oxidative imbalance. Moreover, anxiety-like behavior can be caused by pharmacological-induced oxidative stress. Studies using knockout or overexpression of antioxidant enzymes have shown a relationship between anxiety-like behavior and oxidative stress. Related factors of oxidative stress that could influence anxious behavior are revised, including impaired function of different mitochondrial proteins, inflammatory cytokines, and neurotrophic factors. It has been suggested that a therapy specifically focus in reducing reactive species production may have a beneficial effect in reducing anxiety. However, the neurobiological pathways underlying the effect of oxidative stress on anxiety symptoms are not fully comprehended. The challenge now is to identify the oxidative stress mechanisms likely to be involved in the induction of anxiety symptoms. Understanding these pathways could help to clarify the neurobiology of the anxiety disorder and provide tools for new discovery in therapies and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krolow R
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Arcego D M
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Noschang C
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Weis S N
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Dalmaz C
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Inhibition of tumour cell growth by carnosine: some possible mechanisms. Amino Acids 2013; 46:327-37. [PMID: 24292217 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1627-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The naturally occurring dipeptide carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) has been shown to inhibit, selectively, growth of transformed cells mediated, at least in part, by depleting glycolytic ATP levels. The mechanism(s) responsible has/have yet to be determined. Here, we discuss a number of probable and/or possible processes which could, theoretically, suppress glycolytic activity which would decrease ATP supply and generation of metabolic intermediates required for continued cell reproduction. Possibilities include effects on (i) glycolytic enzymes, (ii) metabolic regulatory activities, (iii) redox biology, (iv) protein glycation, (v) glyoxalase activity, (vi) apoptosis, (vii) gene expression and (viii) metastasis. It is possible, by acting at various sites that this pluripotent dipeptide may be an example of an endogenous "smart drug".
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