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Pandey PP, Kumar MS. Exploring the therapeutic potential of steroidal alkaloids in managing Alzheimer's disease. Steroids 2024; 209:109468. [PMID: 38959993 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Steroidal alkaloids are secondary metabolites that are often found in plants, fungi and sponges. These compounds are considered as a source of bioactive compounds for the treatment of chronic diseases, such as neurological disorder like Alzheimer's disease (AD). Some examples of alkaloid derivatives currently used to treat AD symptoms include galantamine, huperzine A, and other alkaloids. AD is a multifactorial disease caused by multiple factors such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and protein aggregation. Based on the various important neuroprotective activities and different pharmacological effects of steroidal alkaloids with polypharmacological modulatory effects, they can lead to the development of new drugs for the treatment of AD. There are limited studies on the involvement of steroidal alkaloids in AD. Therefore, the mechanisms and neuroprotective abilities of these compounds are still poorly understood. The purpose of this review article is to provide an overview of the mechanism, toxicity and neuroprotective benefits of steroidal alkaloids and to discuss future possibilities to improve the application of steroidal alkaloids as anti-AD agents. The therapeutic value and limitations of the steroidal alkaloid are investigated to provide new perspectives for future clinical development studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratima P Pandey
- Somaiya Institute for Research and Consultancy, Somaiya Vidyavihar University, Vidyavihar (East), Mumbai 400077, India
| | - Maushmi S Kumar
- Somaiya Institute for Research and Consultancy, Somaiya Vidyavihar University, Vidyavihar (East), Mumbai 400077, India.
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2
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Tue-Ngeun P, Rakitikul W, Thinkumrob N, Hannongbua S, Meelua W, Jitonnom J. Binding interactions and in silico ADME prediction of isoconessimine derivatives as potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 129:108746. [PMID: 38401250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2024.108746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
In pursuit of new acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD), a series of ten previously synthesized isoconessimine compounds (7a-7j) was in silico investigated for their binding interactions with AChE and pharmacokinetics based on absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties using molecular docking, ONIOM (Our own N-layered Integrated molecular Orbital and molecular Mechanics) method and SwissADME tools. Docking experiments showed that all compounds bind within the active site gorge of AChE (PDB entry 1C2B), posing its aryloxy-substitutional ethyl group to catalytic site and conessine skeleton to peripheral anionic site. ONIOM interaction energy was used as an ONIOM score to improve docking score, and it ranked 7b as the most potent AChE inhibitor, in agreement with previous experiment. Residues, ASP74, TRP86, GLY122, GLU202, TRP286, GLU292, SER293, ILE294, TYR337, TYR341, and HIS447 were identified as important for the binding of the AChE-isoconessimine complex. The SwissADME investigation suggested that four compounds (7a, 7c, 7d and 7f) agree with the rules of drug-likeness. The steric and electronic effects on the aryloxy-substitutional ethyl group as important factors in the AChE inhibition were also discussed, which brings a better understanding of Alzheimer's disease drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panthip Tue-Ngeun
- Program in Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Uttaradit Rajabhat University, Uttaradit, 53000, Thailand; Unit of Excellence in Computational Molecular Science and Catalysis, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Waleepan Rakitikul
- Program of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand; Unit of Excellence in Computational Molecular Science and Catalysis, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Natechanok Thinkumrob
- Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Supa Hannongbua
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Wijitra Meelua
- Unit of Excellence in Computational Molecular Science and Catalysis, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand; Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand; Demonstration School, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Jitrayut Jitonnom
- Unit of Excellence in Computational Molecular Science and Catalysis, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand; Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand.
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Zhou S, Li J, Ling X, Dong S, Zhang Z, Li M. Conessine inhibits enveloped viruses replication through up-regulating cholesterol level. Virus Res 2023; 338:199234. [PMID: 37802295 PMCID: PMC10590996 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is one of the most prevalent arthropod-borne diseases. It may cause dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS), while no effective vaccines and drugs are available. Our study demonstrated that conessine exhibits broad antiviral activity against several enveloped viruses, including DENV, vesicular stomatitis virus, and herpes simplex virus. In addition, conessine has no direct destructive effect on the integrity or infectivity of virions. Both pre-treatment and post-treatment with conessine significantly reduce DENV replication. Pre-treatment with conessine disrupts the endocytosis of enveloped viruses, while post-treatment disturbs DENV RNA replication or translation at an early stage. Through screening differentially expressed genes by transcriptome sequencing, we found that conessine may affect cholesterol biosynthesis, metabolism or homeostasis. Finally, we confirmed that conessine inhibits virus replication through up-regulating cholesterol levels. Our work suggests that conessine could be developed as a prophylactic and therapeutic treatment for infectious diseases caused by enveloped viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shili Zhou
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510317, China
| | - Jie Li
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510317, China
| | - Xiaomei Ling
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510317, China
| | - Shirui Dong
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510317, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510317, China
| | - Ming Li
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510317, China.
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4
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Yang B, Yang ZD, Ma KZ, Guo WL, Zhang TH, Zhao TK. Three unprecedented thioether-linked dimeric pyrimidines isolated from the medicinal-edible herb Ligusticum striatum DC. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 209:113613. [PMID: 36804478 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Three unprecedented thioether-linked dimeric pyrimidines, namely ligusticumines A-C, together with twelve known compounds were isolated and identified from the traditional Chinese medicinal-edible herb, Ligusticum striatum DC. The structures of all the isolated compounds were determined from NMR, HRESIMS and X-ray diffraction spectroscopies. Additionally, a novel 3-step synthetic route was developed to synthesize ligusticumine C by substitution, thiolation and coupling, with an overall yield of 5.4%. The inhibitory activities of the isolated compounds against phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) were tested, of which, (3S)-butylphthalide, a characteristic component of L. striatum, showed a potent inhibitory effect on PI3Kα (IC50: 3.6 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Zhong-Duo Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; Wenzhou Research Institute of Pump and Valve Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Wenzhou 325105, China.
| | - Ke-Zhen Ma
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Wen-Lin Guo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Tian-Hao Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Tian-Kun Zhao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China.
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Goel N, Gupta VK, Garg A, Bhoumik A, Biswas R, Natarajan R, Majumder HK, Jaisankar P. Holanamine, a Steroidal Alkaloid from the Bark of Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex G. Don Inhibits the Growth of Leishmania donovani by Targeting DNA Topoisomerase 1B. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:162-177. [PMID: 36417798 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a group of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) caused by about 20 species of obligate intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania, which occurs in cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral forms. Many researchers have sought to utilize natural products for novel and effective treatments to combat many infectious diseases, including leishmaniasis. Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex G. Don (Apocynaceae) bark is a rich source of bioactive steroidal alkaloids. The total alkaloidal extract (IC50 6.12 ± 0.117 μg/mL), and the isolated alkaloid, holanamine, showed significant antileishmanial activity (IC50 2.66 ± 0.112 μM against AG83 and 3.80 ± 0.126 μM against BHU-575) against the Leishmania donovani parasite, better than miltefosine (IC50 19.61 ± 0.093 μM against AG83 and 23.20 ± 0.094 μM against BHU-575). Holanamine inhibited the L. donovani topoisomerase 1B (LdToP1B) in a non-competitive manner (IC50 2.81 ± 0.105 μM), indicating that it interacts with the free enzyme and enzyme-DNA complex without inhibiting human topoisomerase. Hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions of holanamine with the N-terminal and hinge region of the large subunit of LTop1B is responsible for its potent antileishmanial activity, as shown by docking studies. Treatment with holanamine causes apoptotic-like cell death by generating cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, disrupting the mitochondrial membrane potential and inducing ultrastructural alterations in the promastigotes. Holanamine effectively clears intracellular amastigotes but minimally affects host macrophages with no significant cytotoxicity in HEK 293 and L929 cell lines. Thus, our studies show that holanamine can further be used to develop effective antileishmanial agents against evolving drug-resistant parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narender Goel
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata700054, India.,Laboratory of Catalysis and Chemical Biology, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Chemical Biology, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India
| | - Aakriti Garg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala Main Road, Kolkata700054, India
| | - Arpita Bhoumik
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Infectious Diseases & Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India
| | - Raju Biswas
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India
| | - Ramalingam Natarajan
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India
| | - Hemanta K Majumder
- Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Infectious Diseases & Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India
| | - Parasuraman Jaisankar
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Chemical Biology, Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata700032, India
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Yang LJ, Yang ZD, Li ZJ, Yang SH, Shu ZM. Stephtetrandrine A-D, bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids from Stephania tetrandra. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:204-215. [PMID: 34348525 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1961135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Four undescribed bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, designated as Stephtetrandrine A-D, were isolated from the roots of Stephania tetrandra. Their structures were elucidated by IR, HRESIMS, ECD spectra, 1 D and 2 D NMR spectra and comparison with the literature data. Additional five known compounds (limacine, tetrandrine, N-trans-Feruloyltyramine, 2'-N-chloromethyltetrandrine, 2,2'-N-N-dichloromethyltetrandrine) were also isolated. N-trans-Feruloyltyramine was isolated from Stephania tetrandra for the first time. The isolated compounds were tested for monoamine oxidase, acetylcholinesterase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase α and human hepatoma cell HepG2 inhibitory activities. Stephtetrandrine C showed obvious inhibitory effect on human hepatoma HepG2, with IC50 value of 16.2 μM. Limacine and 2'-N-chloromethyltetrandrine showed moderate monoamine oxidase inhibitory effect with the IC50 values of 37.7 and 29.2 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,The Provincial Education Key Laboratory of Screening, Evaluation and Advanced Processing of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Tibetan Medicine, School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Duo Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Jie Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Hong Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zong-Mei Shu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, P.R. China
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Abd Karim HA, Ismail NH, Osman CP. Steroidal Alkaloids From the Apocynaceae Family: Their Isolation and Biological Activity. Nat Prod Commun 2022; 17:1934578X2211412. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221141265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroidal alkaloids are derived from the steroid skeleton with one or two nitrogen atoms. They are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions and possess a range of biological activities. The structures of steroidal alkaloids are comparable to those of anabolic steroids, steroidal hormones, and corticosteroids, making them a valuable source for drug discovery. Taxonomically, steroidal alkaloids are limited in distribution to certain plant families, predominantly the Apocynaceae, Buxaceae, Solanaceae, and Liliaceae. This review highlights the steroidal alkaloids from the Apocynaceae family and their biological activities. The articles published from 1919 to 2021 were included in this review. A total of 163 steroidal alkaloids and 12 biological activities were reported from plant species belonging to the Apocynaceae family in this period. Of the 410 genera in the Apocynaceae, only 10 contain steroidal alkaloids. Although some alkaloids from the Apocynaceae family were also reported in the Buxaceae family, especially tetracyclic triterpenes with a pregnane side chain, most steroidal alkaloids can only be found in several genera of the Apocynaceae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidayatul Atiqah Abd Karim
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Nor Hadiani Ismail
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Che Puteh Osman
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
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Xiang ML, Hu BY, Qi ZH, Wang XN, Xie TZ, Wang ZJ, Ma DY, Zeng Q, Luo XD. Chemistry and bioactivities of natural steroidal alkaloids. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2022; 12:23. [PMID: 35701630 PMCID: PMC9198197 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-022-00345-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Steroidal alkaloids possess the basic steroidal skeleton with a nitrogen atom in rings or side chains incorporated as an integral part of the molecule. They have demonstrated a wide range of biological activities, and some of them have even been developed as therapeutic drugs, such as abiraterone acetate (Zytiga®), a blockbuster drug, which has been used for the treatment of prostate cancer. Structurally diverse natural steroidal alkaloids present a wide spectrum of biological activities, which are attractive for natural product chemistry and medicinal chemistry communities. This review comprehensively covers the structural classification, isolation and various biological activities of 697 natural steroidal alkaloids discovered from 1926 to October 2021, with 363 references being cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-Yuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Heng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Zhen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Yu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
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Wang M, Wang S, Li Y, Wu P, Yi P, Huang L, Gu W, Zhou C, Hao X, Yuan C. A rare sesquiterpenoid-alkaloid hydrid with selective BuChE inhibitory activity from Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia Miq. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Wei HN, Yang ZD, Zhang Y, Song MY, Yu XC, Shu ZM. Chemical Constituents and Biological Activity of Talaromyces ruber. Chem Nat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-021-03570-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Discovery of Natural Veterinary Herbal Medicine Products in Commercial Cow Milk by Using Nontargeted Profiling on LC–ESI–TOF Platform. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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A norbisabolane and an arabitol benzoate from Talaromyces marneffei, an endophytic fungus of Epilobium angustifolium. Fitoterapia 2021; 153:104948. [PMID: 34087409 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.104948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A norbisabolane and an arabitol benzoate, Talaromarnine A (1), Talaromarnine B (2), together with eight known compounds were obtained from cultures of Talaromyces marneffei, an endophytic fungus of Epilobium angustifolium. Their structures were elucidated by IR, MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra, and their absolute configuration was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and molecular computation. These compounds were tested for monoamine oxidase, acetylcholinesterase and PI3K inhibitory activity, but no compounds exhibited significant activities.
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Khan N, Jamila N, Amin F, Masood R, Atlas A, Khan W, Ain NU, Khan SN. Quantification of macro, micro and trace elements, and antimicrobial activity of medicinal herbs and their products. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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14
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Yang B, Yang ZD, Li XF, Shu ZM. Secondary Metabolites of the Endophytic Fungi Talaromyces wortmannii Cultivated in Maize Medium and their Bioactivity. Chem Nat Compd 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-020-03249-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Metabolic Diversity and Therapeutic Potential of Holarrhena pubescens: An Important Ethnomedicinal Plant. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091341. [PMID: 32962166 PMCID: PMC7565871 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Holarrhena pubescens is an important medicinal plant of the Apocynaceae family that is widely distributed over the Indian subcontinent. The plant is extensively used in Ayurveda and other traditional medicinal systems without obvious adverse effects. Beside notable progress in the biological and phytochemical evaluation of this plant over the past few years, comprehensive reviews of H. pubescens are limited in scope. It has economic importance due to the extensive use of seeds as an antidiabetic. Furthermore, the plant is extensively reported in traditional uses among the natives of Asia and Africa, while scientifical validation for various ailments has not been studied either in vitro or in vivo. This review aims to summarize information on the pharmacology, traditional uses, active constituents, safety and toxicity of H. pubescens. Chemical analysis of H. pubescens extracts revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds, such as conessine, isoconnessine, conessimine, conimine, conessidine, conkurchicine, holarrhimine, conarrhimine, mokluangin A-D and antidysentericine. Overall, this review covers the ethnopharmacology, phytochemical composition, and pharmacological potential of H. pubescens, with a critical discussion of its toxicity, biological activities (in vitro and in vivo), the mechanism of action, as well as suggestions for further basic and clinical research.
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Fang Z, Tang Y, Ying J, Tang C, Wang Q. Traditional Chinese medicine for anti-Alzheimer's disease: berberine and evodiamine from Evodia rutaecarpa. Chin Med 2020; 15:82. [PMID: 32774447 PMCID: PMC7409421 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common diseases in elderly people with a high incidence of dementia at approximately 60-80%. The pathogenesis of AD was quite complicated and currently there is no unified conclusion in the academic community, so no efficiently clinical treatment is available. In recent years, with the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), researchers have proposed the idea of relying on TCM to prevent and treat AD based on the characteristic of multiple targets of TCM. This study reviewed the pathological hypothesis of AD and the potential biomarkers found in the current researches. And the potential targets of berberine and evodiamine from Evodia rutaecarpa in AD were summarized and further analyzed. A compound-targets-pathway network was carried out to clarify the mechanism of action of berberine and evodiamine for AD. Furthermore, the limitations of current researches on the TCM and AD were discussed. It is hoped that this review will provide some references for development of TCM in the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Fang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Yuqing Tang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Jiaming Ying
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Chunlan Tang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
| | - Qinwen Wang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 Zhejiang China
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Bhuiyan MMR, Bhuiya NMMA, Hasan MN, Nahar UJ. In vivo and in silico evaluation of antinociceptive activities of seed extract from the Holarrhena antidysenterica plant. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03962. [PMID: 32426548 PMCID: PMC7226892 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to investigate the analgesic activity of seeds extracted from the Holarrhena antidysenterica plant (Family: Apocynaceae). The seeds of H. antidysenterica were extracted with pure ethanol and administered to the experimental Swiss albino mice at three different doses (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg body weight) in pain models. Peripheral analgesic activity was evaluated using the acetic acid-induced writhing test, and heat-induced (hot plate and tail immersion test) pain models were applied for central anti-nociceptive activity evaluation. Formalin induced licking test was applied to evaluate both peripheral and central anti-nociceptive activity on mice. Computational studies were performed by Schrödinger Maestro v10.1 for molecular docking and the SwissADME online server for ADME prediction of compounds. In acetic acid-induced writhing test, dose-dependent reduction of writhing response was observed with 43.94% (p < 0.001) writhing inhibition at 150 mg/kg dose compared to standard 60.98% (p < 0.001). 150 mg/kg caused a maximum decrease in licking and biting time in both early and late phases of the formalin-induced licking test (71.2 ± 5.67, p < 0.05, and 36.6 ± 5.62, p < 0.01 respectively). In both tests of central analgesic activity, the extract also showed dose-dependent anti-nociceptive activity. In the hot plate method, the highest %MPE was 67.39 (p < 0.001) at 30 min at 150 mg/kg dose, which was even better than the standard drug. In the case of the tail immersion method, the highest %MPE was 69.84 at a dose of 150 mg/kg at 30 min (p < 0.001). In molecular docking study, Conimine, Conarrhimin, Conessine, and Funtudienine showed the best binding affinities against the COX-1 enzyme. The study indicates that the ethanolic seed extract of H. antidysenterica has the strong potentiality of having central analgesic activity and moderate peripheral analgesic activity due to the presence of bioactive compounds in its seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N M Mahmudul Alam Bhuiya
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nazmul Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Ummey Jannatun Nahar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh
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Martins N, Heleno SA, Ferreira ICFR. An Upcoming Approach to Alzheimer's Disease: Ethnopharmacological Potential of Plant Bioactive Molecules. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4344-4371. [PMID: 32072889 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200219120806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegenerative disorders have achieved epidemic levels in the last decades; not only the elderly but also adult individuals have been increasingly affected. Among them, Alzheimer's disease is one of the most prevalent and crippling diseases, associated with high rates of multi-morbidities and dependency. Despite the existence of a wide variety of drugs used as the symptomatic treatment, they have some side effects and toxicity, apart from their limited effectiveness. Botanical preparations have a secular use, being widely recommended for a multitude of purposes, such as for the improvement of brain health. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present report is to systematize the knowledge on plant-food derived bioactive molecules with promising in vitro enzymatic inhibitory activities. RESULTS Alkaloids, phenolic compounds and terpenes are the most studied phytochemicals, both derived from natural and commercial sources. In spite of their efficient activity as enzymatic inhibitors, the number of in vivo studies and even clinical trials have confirmed that their real bioactive potential remains scarce. CONCLUSION Thus, it is of the utmost importance to deepen knowledge in this area, once those relevant and informative tools can significantly contribute to the promising advances in the field of Alzheimer's disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Martins
- Centro de Investigacao de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal
| | - Sandrina A Heleno
- Centro de Investigacao de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigacao de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal
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Li XF, Yang ZD, Yang X, Yang LJ, Yao XJ, Shu ZM. Wortmannine H, a phenylpentenol isolated from an endophytic fungus, Talaromyces wortmannii LGT-4. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:3204-3209. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1690488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Zhong-Duo Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Li-Jun Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China
| | - Zong-Mei Shu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, PR China
- The Provincial Education Key Laboratory of Screening, Evaluation and Advanced Processing of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Tibetan Medicine, School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, PR China
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Zhang YF, Yang ZD, Yang X, Yang LJ, Yao XJ, Shu ZM. Two new compounds, Talaromycin A and B, isolated from an endophytic fungus, Talaromyces aurantiacus. Nat Prod Res 2019; 34:2802-2808. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1593163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fei Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , PR China
| | - Zhong-Duo Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , PR China
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , PR China
| | - Li-Jun Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , PR China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , PR China
| | - Zong-Mei Shu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , PR China
- The Provincial Education Key Laboratory of Screening, Evaluation and Advanced Processing of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Tibetan Medicine, School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , PR China
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Kumar D, Kumar G, Das R, Kumar R, Agrawal V. In vitro elicitation, isolation, and characterization of conessine biomolecule from Holarrhena antidysenterica (L.) Wall. callus and its larvicidal activity against malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi Liston. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:6783-6796. [PMID: 29264854 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-1038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In vitro elicitation of an important compound conessine has been done in the bark-derived callus culture of Holarrhena antidysenterica (L.) Wall. employing different elicitors. For induction of callus, green bark explants excised from field-grown plants were cultured on MS medium augmented with different concentrations (0, 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 μM) of various growth regulators such as BA, IBA, NAA, and 2,4-D either alone or in combinations. The maximum amount of conessine (458.18 ± 0.89d μg/g dry wt.) was achieved in callus developed on MS medium supplemented with 5 μM BA and 5 μM 2,4-D through HPLC analysis. Elicitation in conessine content in the above callus was achieved employing a variety of organic (phenylalanine, tyrosine, chitosan, tryptophan, casein hydrolysate, proline, sucrose, and yeast extract) as well as inorganic elicitors (Pb(NO3)2, As2O3, CuSO4, NaCl, and CdCl2) in different concentrations. The optimum enhancement in conessine content (3518.58 ± 0.28g μg/g dry wt.) was seen at the highest concentration (200 mg/L) of phenylalanine. The enhancement was elicitor specific and dose dependent. The overall increment of the conessine content was seen in the order of phenylalanine > tryptophan > Pb(NO3)2 > sucrose > NaCl > As2O3 > casein hydrolysate > CdCl2 > chitosan > proline > yeast extract > CuSO4 > tyrosine. The isolation and purification of conessine was done using methanol as a solvent system through column chromatography (CC) and TLC. The isolated compound was characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and HRMS which confirmed with the structure of conessine. The bioassays conducted with the isolated compound revealed a strong larvicidal activity against Anopheles stephensi Liston with LC50 and LC90 values being 1.93 and 5.67 ppm, respectively, without harming the nontarget organism, Mesocyclops thermocyclopoides Harada, after 48 h of treatment. This is our first report for the isolation and elicitation of conessine in the callus culture of H. antidysenterica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- National Institute of Malaria Research, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110077, India
| | - Ram Das
- National Institute of Malaria Research, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110077, India
| | - Ravindra Kumar
- Department of Botany, Hindu College, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Veena Agrawal
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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Chen XW, Yang ZD, Li XF, Sun JH, Yang LJ, Zhang XG. Colletotrichine B, a new sesquiterpenoid from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides GT-7, a fungal endophyte of Uncaria rhynchophylla. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:108-112. [PMID: 29421923 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1437437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
One new compound, colletotrichine B (1), was produced by the fungal Colletotrichum gloeosporioides GT-7. The structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Monoamine oxidase (MAO), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3Kα) inhibitory activity of 1 was also evaluated. Compound 1 showed only AChE inhibiting activity with IC50 value of 38.0 ± 2.67 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Chen
- a School of Life Science and Engineering , Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , PR China.,b The Provincial Education Key Laboratory of Screening, Evaluation and Advanced Processing of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Tibetan Medicine, School of Life Science and Engineering , Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , PR China
| | - Zhong-Duo Yang
- a School of Life Science and Engineering , Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , PR China
| | - Xiao-Fei Li
- a School of Life Science and Engineering , Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , PR China
| | - Jian-Hui Sun
- a School of Life Science and Engineering , Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , PR China
| | - Li-Jun Yang
- a School of Life Science and Engineering , Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , PR China
| | - Xin-Guo Zhang
- a School of Life Science and Engineering , Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , PR China
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23
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In Silico Studies Applied to Natural Products with Potential Activity Against Alzheimer’s Disease. NEUROMETHODS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7404-7_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Khatoon SS, Rehman M, Rahman A. The Role of Natural Products in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64058-1.00003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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25
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Cheenpracha S, Boapun P, Limtharakul Née Ritthiwigrom T, Laphookhieo S, Pyne SG. Antimalarial and cytotoxic activities of pregnene-type steroidal alkaloids from Holarrhena pubescens roots. Nat Prod Res 2017; 33:782-788. [PMID: 29172699 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1408108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The phytochemical investigation of an alkaloidal extract of Holarrhena pubescens roots led to the isolation and identification of a new pregnene-type alkaloid, mokluangin D (1), together with nine known steroidal alkaloids (2-10). The structure of the new metabolite was determined on the basis of spectroscopic analyses including 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Compounds 3 and 4 showed potent antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum K1 stain with IC50 values of 1.2 and 2.0 μM, respectively, and showed weak cytotoxic activity against the NCI-H187 cell line with IC50 values of 27.7 and 30.6 μM, respectively. The substituent groups at C-3 and the carbonyl group at C-18 are important for the activity against the P. falciparum K1 stain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarot Cheenpracha
- a Division of Chemistry, School of Science , University of Phayao , Muang Phayao , Thailand
| | - Pannakorn Boapun
- a Division of Chemistry, School of Science , University of Phayao , Muang Phayao , Thailand
| | - Thunwadee Limtharakul Née Ritthiwigrom
- b Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand.,c Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Surat Laphookhieo
- d Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) , Mae Fah Luang University , Muang , Thailand.,e School of Science , Mae Fah Luang University , Muang , Thailand
| | - Stephen G Pyne
- f School of Chemistry , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , Australia
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26
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Chen XW, Yang ZD, Sun JH, Song TT, Zhu BY, Zhao JW. Colletotrichine A, a new sesquiterpenoid from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides GT-7, a fungal endophyte of Uncaria rhynchophylla. Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:880-884. [PMID: 28805453 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1365071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
One new compound, Colletotrichine A (1), was produced by the fungal Colletotrichum gloeosporioides GT-7. The structure was established by 1D and 2D NMR spectra. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity of 1 was also evaluated. Compound 1 showed AChE-inhibiting activity with IC50 value of 28 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Chen
- a School of Life Science and Engineering , Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Duo Yang
- a School of Life Science and Engineering , Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , P.R. China.,b The Provincial Education Key Laboratory of Screening, Evaluation and Advanced Processing of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Tibetan Medicine, School of Life Science and Engineering , Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hui Sun
- a School of Life Science and Engineering , Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , P.R. China
| | - Tong-Tong Song
- a School of Life Science and Engineering , Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , P.R. China
| | - Bao-Ying Zhu
- a School of Life Science and Engineering , Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , P.R. China
| | - Jun-Wen Zhao
- a School of Life Science and Engineering , Lanzhou University of Technology , Lanzhou , P.R. China
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Steroid Alkaloids from Holarrhena africana with Strong Activity against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22071129. [PMID: 28684718 PMCID: PMC6152089 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In our continued search for natural compounds with activity against Trypanosoma brucei, causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT, “sleeping sickness”), we have investigated extracts from the leaves and bark of the West African Holarrhenaafricana (syn. Holarrhena floribunda; Apocynaceae). The extracts and their alkaloid-enriched fractions displayed promising in vitro activity against bloodstream forms of T. brucei rhodesiense (Tbr; East African HAT). Bioactivity-guided chromatographic fractionation of the alkaloid-rich fractions resulted in the isolation of 17 steroid alkaloids, one nitrogen-free steroid and one alkaloid-like non-steroid. Impressive activities (IC50 in µM) against Tbr were recorded for 3β-holaphyllamine (0.40 ± 0.28), 3α-holaphyllamine (0.37 ± 0.16), 3β-dihydroholaphyllamine (0.67 ± 0.03), N-methylholaphyllamine (0.08 ± 0.01), conessimine (0.17 ± 0.08), conessine (0.42 ± 0.09), isoconessimine (0.17 ± 0.11) and holarrhesine (0.12 ± 0.08) with selectivity indices ranging from 13 to 302. Based on comparison of the structures of this congeneric series of steroid alkaloids and their activities, structure-activity relationships (SARs) could be established. It was found that a basic amino group at position C-3 of the pregnane or pregn-5-ene steroid nucleus is required for a significant anti-trypanosomal activity. The mono-methylated amino group at C-3 represents an optimum for activity. ∆5,6 unsaturation slightly increased the activity while hydrolysis of C-12β ester derivatives led to a loss of activity. An additional amino group at C-20 engaged in a pyrrolidine ring closed towards C-18 significantly increased the selectivity index of the compounds. Our findings provide useful empirical data for further development of steroid alkaloids as a novel class of anti-trypanosomal compounds which represent a promising starting point towards new drugs to combat human African trypanosomiasis.
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Ferreira FL, Rodrigues VG, Silva FC, Matildes BL, Takahashi JA, Silva GD, Duarte LP, Oliveira DM, Filho SA. Maytenus distichophylla and Salacia crassifolia : source of products with potential acetylcholinesterase inhibition. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Chang W, Li Y, Zhang M, Zheng S, Li Y, Lou H. Solasodine-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside kills Candida albicans by disrupting the intracellular vacuole. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 106:139-146. [PMID: 28552788 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of fungal infections and emergence of drug resistance underlie the constant search for new antifungal agents and exploration of their modes of action. The present study aimed to investigate the antifungal mechanisms of solasodine-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (SG) isolated from the medicinal plant Solanum nigrum L. In vitro, SG displayed potent fungicidal activity against both azole-sensitive and azole-resistant Candida albicans strains in Spider medium with its MICs of 32 μg/ml. Analysis of structure and bioactivity revealed that both the glucosyl residue and NH group were required for SG activity. Quantum dot (QD) assays demonstrated that the glucosyl moiety was critical for SG uptake into Candida cells, as further confirmed by glucose rescue experiments. Measurement of the fluorescence intensity of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFHDA) by flow cytometry indicated that SG even at 64 μg/ml just caused a moderate increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by 58% in C. albicans cells. Observation of vacuole staining by confocal microscopy demonstrated that SG alkalized the intracellular vacuole of C. albicans and caused hyper-permeability of the vacuole membrane, resulting in cell death. These results support the potential application of SG in fighting fungal infections and reveal a novel fungicidal mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Chang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Sha Zheng
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250014, China
| | - Hongxiang Lou
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, No. 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan City, Shandong Province, China.
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Olech M, Nowak R, Załuski D, Kapusta I, Amarowicz R, Oleszek W. Hyaluronidase, acetylcholinesterase inhibiting potential, antioxidant activity, and LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of polyphenolics of rose ( Rosa rugosa Thunb.) teas and tinctures. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1287722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Olech
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Renata Nowak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Daniel Załuski
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Kapusta
- Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Ryszard Amarowicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wieslaw Oleszek
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
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Xie HH, Su J, Ge XL, Dong TT, Li X, Wen HM, Sun BH. Compounds with inhibitory activity on peristalsis from the seeds of Holarrhena antidysenterica. Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:418-424. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1315574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Hua Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Su
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Lei Ge
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Dong
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Min Wen
- Experimental Center of Pharmacology, College of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo-Hang Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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32
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Dey A, Mukherjee A, Chaudhury M. Alkaloids From Apocynaceae. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63931-8.00010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Jamadagni PS, Pawar SD, Jamadagni SB, Chougule S, Gaidhani SN, Murthy SN. Review of Holarrhena antidysenterica (L.) Wall. ex A. DC.: Pharmacognostic, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Perspective. Pharmacogn Rev 2017; 11:141-144. [PMID: 28989249 PMCID: PMC5628520 DOI: 10.4103/phrev.phrev_31_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Holarrhena antidysenterica (L.) Wall. ex A. DC. is a medicinal plant abundantly found in India. Its uses are mentioned in the classical Ayurvedic literature and by many folklore claims. The plant is also of extreme economic importance. Its seeds are mainly used as an antidiabetic remedy. All pharmacological and toxicological aspects of this plant are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sharad D Pawar
- Department of Pharmacology, Regional Ayurveda Institute of Fundamental Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Shrirang B Jamadagni
- Department of Animal and Experimental Pathology, Regional Ayurveda Institute of Fundamental Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Shridhar Chougule
- Department of Pharmacology, Regional Ayurveda Institute of Fundamental Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudesh N Gaidhani
- Department of Pharmacology, Headquarters, Central Council of Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S N Murthy
- Department of Ayurveda and In-charge, Regional Ayurveda Research Institute, Gwaliar Road, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Olsen EK, Hansen E, W K Moodie L, Isaksson J, Sepčić K, Cergolj M, Svenson J, Andersen JH. Marine AChE inhibitors isolated from Geodia barretti: natural compounds and their synthetic analogs. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:1629-40. [PMID: 26695619 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02416a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Barettin, 8,9-dihydrobarettin, bromoconicamin and a novel brominated marine indole were isolated from the boreal sponge Geodia barretti collected off the Norwegian coast. The compounds were evaluated as inhibitors of electric eel acetylcholinesterase. Barettin and 8,9-dihydrobarettin displayed significant inhibition of the enzyme, with inhibition constants (Ki) of 29 and 19 μM respectively towards acetylcholinesterase via a reversible noncompetitive mechanism. These activities are comparable to those of several other natural acetylcholinesterase inhibitors of marine origin. Bromoconicamin was less potent against acetylcholinesterase, and the novel compound was inactive. Based on the inhibitory activity, a library of 22 simplified synthetic analogs was designed and prepared to probe the role of the brominated indole, common to all the isolated compounds. From the structure-activity investigation it was shown that the brominated indole motif is not sufficient to generate a high acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, even when combined with natural cationic ligands for the acetylcholinesterase active site. The four natural compounds were also analysed for their butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity in addition and shown to display comparable activities. The study illustrates how both barettin and 8,9-dihydrobarettin display additional bioactivities which may help to explain their biological role in the producing organism. The findings also provide new insights into the structure-activity relationship of both natural and synthetic acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth K Olsen
- MabCent-SFI, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Espen Hansen
- Marbio, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Lindon W K Moodie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Umeå, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johan Isaksson
- Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kristina Sepčić
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marija Cergolj
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia and Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Johan Svenson
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Box 857, SE-501 15 Borås, Sweden.
| | - Jeanette H Andersen
- Marbio, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway.
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Cheenpracha S, Jitonnom J, Komek M, Ritthiwigrom T, Laphookhieo S. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity and molecular docking study of steroidal alkaloids from Holarrhena pubescens barks. Steroids 2016; 108:92-8. [PMID: 26850468 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An alkaloidal extract of the bark of Holarrhena pubescens showed several inhibition zones of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, using a bioautographic assay. Activity-guided fractionation afforded three new steroidal alkaloids, mokluangins A-C (1-3), together with three known compounds, antidysentericine (4), holaphyllamine (5), methylholaphyllamine (6). All structures were elucidated by analysis of NMR and MS spectroscopic data. Compound 2 showed moderate antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli with the MIC value of 16 μg/mL, while compound 3 exhibited moderate selective activity against E. coli with the MIC value of 16 μg/mL. In addition, compounds 1-4 also showed strong AChE inhibiting activity with IC50 values ranging from 1.44 to 23.22 μM. Molecular docking calculations were also performed and the results demonstrated that all compounds can bind at the aromatic gorge of AChE with estimated binding free energies correlated well with the in vitro inhibitory profiles. Hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions contribute mainly to the binding of the alkaloids where the substituents at C-3 serving as key functional groups for the AChE inhibition. Our results will allow the development of new AChE-inhibitors based on steroidal alkaloid skeleton bearing the cyclic amide moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarot Cheenpracha
- Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Maeka, Muang, Phayao 56000, Thailand.
| | - Jitrayut Jitonnom
- Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Maeka, Muang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Manutchaya Komek
- Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Maeka, Muang, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Thunwadee Ritthiwigrom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Sutep, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Surat Laphookhieo
- Natural Products Research Laboratory, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Tasud, Muang, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
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Aung HT, Sein MM, Aye MM, Thu ZM. A Review of Traditional Medicinal Plants from Kachin State, Northern Myanmar. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are a vital source of medication in developing countries. In Kachin State, Northern Myanmar, the people have a long history of the use of traditional plants for medicinal purposes. This article deals with the 25 most used medicinal plants in Kachin State. They are: Drynaria fortunei, Tetrastigma serrulatum, Bauhinia championii, Goniothalamus cheliensis, Juglans regia, Houttuynia cordata, Osmanthus fragrans, Pothos chinensis, Tabemaemontana coronaria, Eryngium foetidum, Chloranthus spicatus, Peperomia pellucida, Zanthoxylum armatum, Polygonum fagopyrum, Cymbidium floribundum, Amomum kravanh, Coscinium fenestratum, Solanum nigrum, Gnetum parvifolium, Desmodium triquetum, Begonia augustinec, Mappianthus iodoides, Erycibe obtusifolia, Schefflera venulosa, Holarrhena antidysenterica. The different traditional applications, the known chemical constituents and medicinal properties are reported for each plant. The efficacy of several of these plants has been supported by some scientific evidence, while other plants have to be submitted to further investigations to prove the beneficial medicinal properties attributed to them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mya Mu Aye
- Department of Chemistry, Mandalay University, Mandalay, Myanmar
| | - Zaw Min Thu
- Department of Chemistry, Mandalay University, Mandalay, Myanmar
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Fu GC, Yang ZD, Zhou SY, Yu HT, Zhang F, Yao XJ. Two new compounds, deacetylisowortmins A and B, isolated from an endophytic Fungus, Talaromyces wortmannii LGT-4. Nat Prod Res 2016; 30:1623-7. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1129329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Chao Fu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Duo Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, P.R. China
- The Provincial Education Key Laboratory of Screening, Evaluation and Advanced Processing of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Tibetan Medicine, School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shuang-Yan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Tao Yu
- Insititute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Fei Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
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García ME, Borioni JL, Cavallaro V, Puiatti M, Pierini AB, Murray AP, Peñéñory AB. Solanocapsine derivatives as potential inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase: Synthesis, molecular docking and biological studies. Steroids 2015; 104:95-110. [PMID: 26362598 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The investigation of natural products in medicinal chemistry is essential today. In this context, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors comprise one type of the compounds most actively studied in the search for an effective treatment of symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. This work describes the isolation of a natural compound, solanocapsine, the preparation of its chemical derivatives, the evaluation of AChE inhibitory activity, and the structure-activity analysis of relevant cases. The influence of structural variations on the inhibitory potency was carefully investigated by modifying different reactive parts of the parent molecule. A theoretical study was also carried out into the binding mode of representative compounds to the enzyme through molecular modeling. The biological properties of the series were investigated. Through this study valuable information was obtained of steroidal alkaloid-type compounds as a starting point for the synthesis of AChE inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela E García
- INFIQC-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - José L Borioni
- INFIQC-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Valeria Cavallaro
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Puiatti
- INFIQC-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Adriana B Pierini
- INFIQC-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana P Murray
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, B8000CPB Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Alicia B Peñéñory
- INFIQC-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina.
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The Structure–Activity Relationships of Plant Secondary Metabolites with Antimicrobial, Free Radical Scavenging and Inhibitory Activity toward Selected Enzymes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63473-3.00007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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Jin G, Yang Z, Xue W, Sheng J, Shi Y, Yao X. Synthesis, Biological Activity Evaluation and Molecular Modeling Study on the New Isoconessimine Derivatives as Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors. CHINESE J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201300441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Murray AP, Faraoni MB, Castro MJ, Alza NP, Cavallaro V. Natural AChE Inhibitors from Plants and their Contribution to Alzheimer's Disease Therapy. Curr Neuropharmacol 2013; 11:388-413. [PMID: 24381530 PMCID: PMC3744903 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x11311040004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are an important therapeutic strategy in Alzheimer's disease, efforts are being made in search of new molecules with anti-AChE activity. The fact that naturally-occurring compounds from plants are considered to be a potential source of new inhibitors has led to the discovery of an important number of secondary metabolites and plant extracts with the ability of inhibiting the enzyme AChE, which, according to the cholinergic hypothesis, increases the levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the brain, thus improving cholinergic functions in patients with Alzheimer's disease and alleviating the symptoms of this neurological disorder. This review summarizes a total of 128 studies which correspond to the most relevant research work published during 2006-2012 (1st semester) on plant-derived compounds, plant extracts and essential oils found to elicit AChE inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Murray
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Research Member of CONICET
| | - María Belén Faraoni
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Research Member of CIC
| | - María Julia Castro
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Natalia Paola Alza
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Valeria Cavallaro
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Konrath EL, Passos CDS, Klein-Júnior LC, Henriques AT. Alkaloids as a source of potential anticholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. J Pharm Pharmacol 2013; 65:1701-25. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the key enzyme in the breakdown of acetylcholine, is currently the main pharmacological strategy available for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this sense, many alkaloids isolated from natural sources, such as physostigmine, have been long recognized as acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors. Since the approval of galantamine for the treatment of AD patients, the search for new anticholinesterase alkaloids has escalated, leading to promising candidates such as huperzine A. This review aims to summarize recent advances in current knowledge on alkaloids as AChE and BChE inhibitors, highlighting structure–activity relationship (SAR) and docking studies.
Key findings
Natural alkaloids belonging to the steroidal/triterpenoidal, quinolizidine, isoquinoline and indole classes, mainly distributed within Buxaceae, Amaryllidaceae and Lycopodiaceae, are considered important sources of alkaloids with anti-enzymatic properties. Investigations into the possible SARs for some active compounds are based on molecular modelling studies, predicting the mode of interaction of the molecules with amino acid residues in the active site of the enzymes. Following this view, an increasing interest in achieving more potent and effective analogues makes alkaloids good chemical templates for the development of new cholinesterase inhibitors.
Summary
The anticholinesterase activity of alkaloids, together with their structural diversity and physicochemical properties, makes them good candidate agents for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Luis Konrath
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carolina dos Santos Passos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Klein-Júnior
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Amélia T Henriques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Sinha S, Sharma A, Reddy PH, Rathi B, Prasad N, Vashishtha A. Evaluation of phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of Holarrhena antidysenterica (Wall.): A comprehensive review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jopr.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sousa GF, Duarte LP, Alcântara AFC, Silva GDF, Vieira-Filho SA, Silva RR, Oliveira DM, Takahashi JA. New triterpenes from Maytenus robusta: structural elucidation based on NMR experimental data and theoretical calculations. Molecules 2012; 17:13439-56. [PMID: 23147402 PMCID: PMC6268669 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171113439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaves of Maytenus robusta (Celastraceae) were subjected to phytochemical investigation mainly directed at the isolation of pentacyclic triterpenes. The compounds friedelin (1), β-friedelinol (2), 3-oxo-21β-H-hop-22(29)-ene (7), 3,4-seco-friedelan-3,11β-olide (8), 3β-hydroxy-21β-H-hop-22(29)-ene (9), 3,4-seco-21β-H-hop-22(29)-en-3-oic acid (10), 3,4-seco-friedelan-3-oic acid (11), and sitosterol were identified in the hexane extract of M. robusta leaves. Compounds 8 and 9 are described herein for the first time. The structure and stereochemistry of both compounds were experimentally established by IR, HRLC-MS, and 1D (1H, 13C, and DEPT 135) and 2D (HSQC, HMBC and COSY) NMR data and supported by correlations with carbon chemical shifts calculated using the DFT method (BLYP/6-31G* level). Compounds 7 and 10 are also described for the first time, and their chemical structures were established by comparison with NMR data of similar structures described in the literature and correlations with BLYP/6-31G* calculated carbon chemical shifts. Compound 9, a mixture of 11 and sitosterol, and 3β,11β-dihydroxyfriedelane (4) were evaluated by the Ellman’s method and all these compounds showed acethylcholinesterase inhibitory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grasiely F. Sousa
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucienir P. Duarte
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +55-31-3409-5722; Fax: +55-31-3409-5700
| | - Antônio F. C. Alcântara
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Grácia D. F. Silva
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Sidney A. Vieira-Filho
- Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Roqueline R. Silva
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Djalma M. Oliveira
- Departamento de Química e Exatas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, 45206-191, Jequié, BA, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline A. Takahashi
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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