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Egilmez CB, Pazarlar BA, Erdogan MA, Uyanikgil Y, Erbas O. Choline chloride shows gender-dependent positive effects on social deficits, learning/memory impairments, neuronal loss and neuroinflammation in the lipopolysaccharide-induced rat model of autism. Int J Dev Neurosci 2024; 84:392-405. [PMID: 38721665 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The neuroprotective effects of choline chloride, an essential nutrient, a precursor for the acetylcholine and synthesis of membrane phospholipids, have been associated with neurological and neurodegenerative diseases. Its contribution to autism spectrum disorder, a neurodevelopmental disorder, remains unknown. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the effects of choline chloride on social behaviours, and histopathological and biochemical changes in a rat autism model. The autism model was induced by administration of 100 μg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the 10th day of gestation. Choline chloride treatment (100 mg/kg/day) was commenced on PN5 and maintained until PN50. Social deficits were assessed by three-chamber sociability, open field, and passive avoidance learning tests. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-2 (IL) and IL-17, nerve growth factor (NGF), and glutamate decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) levels were measured to assess neuroinflammatory responses. In addition, the number of hippocampal and cerebellar neurons and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression were evaluated. Social novelty and passive avoidance learning tests revealed significant differences in choline chloride-treated male rats compared with saline-treated groups. TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-17 were significantly decreased after choline chloride treatment in both males and females. NGF and GAD67 levels were unchanged in females, while there were significant differences in males. Histologically, significant changes in terms of gliosis were detected in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions and cerebellum in choline chloride-treated groups. The presence of ameliorative effects of choline chloride treatment on social behaviour and neuroinflammation through neuroinflammatory, neurotrophic, and neurotransmission pathways in a sex-dependent rat model of LPS-induced autism was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Bilister Egilmez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burcu Azak Pazarlar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
- Neurobiology Research Unit, University Hospital Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mumin Alper Erdogan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yiğit Uyanikgil
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Oytun Erbas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Yaprak G, Çini N, Atasoy ÖB, Uyanikgil Y, Erdogan MA, Erbaş O. Administration of low dose intranasal ketamine exerts a neuroprotective effect on whole brain irradiation injury model in wistar rats. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2024; 63:323-336. [PMID: 39066789 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-024-01085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to ionizing radiation leads to oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, resulting in neurocognitive impairments. Adverse effects are also associated with glutamate-induced excitotoxicity due to alterations in the composition of glutamate receptors. Ketamine, which is a noncompetitive NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist, has been stated to exert an impact on glutamatergic receptors. This study aims to reveal the possible alleviating or preventive effects of ketamine, which maintains glutamate homeostasis and decreases neurodegeneration, in a radiation-induced neurotoxicity model. Twenty-one female Wistar Queryrats were included in the study and 14 of these underwent whole brain irradiation (IR) with a 20 Gray single dose. Animals were allocated into three groups. Group 1: Normal control; Group 2: Placebo / IR + Saline; Group 3: IR + Ketamine. Ketamine was administered in addition to IR to rats in Group 3. The one-way ANOVA statistical test was used to compare groups. The value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. When administered in addition to irradiation, ketamine treatment significantly increased scores in the three-chamber sociability test, open field test, and passive avoidance learning test. It also raised neuron counts in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions as well as in Purkinje cells, and enhanced levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and tyrosine receptor kinase-B. Furthermore, ketamine administration resulted in decreased levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein, malondialdehyde, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, indicating a reduction in neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Ketamine exerted a significant protective impact on radiation-induced neurocognitive impairments and enhanced social-memory capacity by reducing neuronal loss, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. Our findings suggest that ketamine is beneficial in the treatment or prevention of neurodegeneration via the regulation of the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway besides decreasing neuroinflammation and blocking NMDA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Yaprak
- Department of Radiation Oncology Clinic, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kirdar City Hospital, Cevizli, D-100 Güney Yanyol, Cevizli Mevkii No:47, Kartal, 34865, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nilsu Çini
- Department of Radiation Oncology Clinic, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kirdar City Hospital, Cevizli, D-100 Güney Yanyol, Cevizli Mevkii No:47, Kartal, 34865, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özüm Büke Atasoy
- Department of Radiation Oncology Clinic, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kirdar City Hospital, Cevizli, D-100 Güney Yanyol, Cevizli Mevkii No:47, Kartal, 34865, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Ünalan D-100 Karayolu Yanyol, Üskdar, 34700, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yiğit Uyanikgil
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, 35100, Turkey
| | - Mumin Alper Erdogan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine,, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Balatçık Mah, Havaalani Şosesi Cd. No:33/2, 35620, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Oytun Erbaş
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Demiroğlu Bilim University, Esentepe, Büyükdere Cd. No:120, Şişli, 34394, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abdulghani MF, Al-Fayyadh S. Natural products for managing metabolic syndrome: a scoping review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1366946. [PMID: 38746011 PMCID: PMC11091304 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1366946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metabolic syndrome comprises a collection of metabolic disorders stemming from factors like genetic predisposition, inadequate nutrition, stress, decreased physical activity, aging, and ethnicity. Although traditional pharmaceutical treatments exist for metabolic syndrome, their limited popularity is attributed to high costs and adverse effects. Consequently, natural products with fewer side effects have been explored for managing this condition. This literature review aims to explore the role of natural products including herbs, botanicals, vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and dietary supplements in managing metabolic syndrome. Methods This scoping review was conducted in five steps, involving the formulation of a research question, the retrieval and extraction of relevant studies, the selection of pertinent studies, the organization of information into tables, and the reporting of results. Data was collected from various databases including Embase, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, with a focus on studies published from 2010 to the present, available in English and with full-text accessibility. Results We identified 1,259 articles, screened their titles, abstracts, and full texts, ultimately incorporating 169 pertinent articles into this review (comprising 90 review articles, 32 trial articles, 6 in vitro articles, 38 in vivo articles, 1 experimental article and 2 observational articles). The study's outcomes revealed that natural products, encompassing plants and their derivatives, vitamins and supplements, as well as probiotics, can exert a beneficial influence on metabolic syndrome by regulating blood sugar, blood pressure, lipid profiles, obesity, and abnormal cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Conclusion The current study underscores the significance of natural products in addressing metabolic syndrome. Consequently, it is advisable to conduct further extensive research to assess the efficacy of these products, potentially integrating them into treatment regimens for individuals with metabolic syndrome.
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Abdulghani MF, Al-Fayyadh S. Natural products for managing metabolic syndrome: a scoping review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1366946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
IntroductionMetabolic syndrome comprises a collection of metabolic disorders stemming from factors like genetic predisposition, inadequate nutrition, stress, decreased physical activity, aging, and ethnicity. Although traditional pharmaceutical treatments exist for metabolic syndrome, their limited popularity is attributed to high costs and adverse effects. Consequently, natural products with fewer side effects have been explored for managing this condition. This literature review aims to explore the role of natural products including herbs, botanicals, vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and dietary supplements in managing metabolic syndrome.MethodsThis scoping review was conducted in five steps, involving the formulation of a research question, the retrieval and extraction of relevant studies, the selection of pertinent studies, the organization of information into tables, and the reporting of results. Data was collected from various databases including Embase, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, with a focus on studies published from 2010 to the present, available in English and with full-text accessibility.ResultsWe identified 1,259 articles, screened their titles, abstracts, and full texts, ultimately incorporating 169 pertinent articles into this review (comprising 90 review articles, 32 trial articles, 6 in vitro articles, 38 in vivo articles, 1 experimental article and 2 observational articles). The study’s outcomes revealed that natural products, encompassing plants and their derivatives, vitamins and supplements, as well as probiotics, can exert a beneficial influence on metabolic syndrome by regulating blood sugar, blood pressure, lipid profiles, obesity, and abnormal cholesterol and triglyceride levels.ConclusionThe current study underscores the significance of natural products in addressing metabolic syndrome. Consequently, it is advisable to conduct further extensive research to assess the efficacy of these products, potentially integrating them into treatment regimens for individuals with metabolic syndrome.
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Shea MK, Xuan AY, Booth SL. Vitamin D, Alzheimer's disease and related dementia. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2024; 109:185-219. [PMID: 38777413 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D has been proposed as a potential strategy to mitigate age-related cognitive decline and dementia, including Alzheimer's dementia, the predominant type of dementia. Rodent studies have provided insight into the potential mechanisms underlying the role of vitamin D in Alzheimer's disease and dementia. However, inconsistencies with respect to age, sex, and genetic background of the rodent models used poses some limitations regarding scientific rigor and translation. Several human observational studies have evaluated the association of vitamin D status with cognitive decline and dementia, and the results are conflicting. Randomized clinical trials of vitamin D supplementation have included cognitive outcomes. However, most of the available trials have not been designed specifically to test the effect of vitamin D on age-related cognitive decline and dementia, so it remains questionable how much additional vitamin D will improve cognitive performance. Here we evaluate the strengths and limitations of the available evidence regarding the role of vitamin D in AD, cognitive decline, dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kyla Shea
- Tufts University USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging.
| | - Andrew Y Xuan
- Tufts University USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging
| | - Sarah L Booth
- Tufts University USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging
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ÖZSOY Ş, ÇAKIR Z, AKÇAY E, GEVREK F. Effects of thymoquinone and memantine alone and in combination on memory and hippocampal morphology in rats with streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's disease. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:894-901. [PMID: 38031940 PMCID: PMC10760553 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Thymoquinone (TQ) has broad biological functions, including antiinflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective properties. Memantine (MEM) is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of moderate to severe AD. We aimed to evaluate the effect of TQ alone or in combination with MEM on memory and hippocampal morphology in an STZ-induced rat AD model. METHODS Thirty male rats were included in this study. The AD model was created by giving ICV STZ. The rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 6 each). Group 1 (control group): The rats received only ICV-STZ 3 mg/kg for 2 weeks. Group 2 (sham group): In addition to ICV STZ, 9% NaCl, 1 mL/day i.p. for 2 weeks of injection, was applied. Group 3 (TQ group): In addition to ICV STZ, rats received TQ 10 mg/kg i.p. for 2 weeks. Group 4 (MEM group): In addition to ICV STZ, rats were given MEM at a dose of 5 mg/kg for two weeks. Group 5 (TQ+MEM group): In addition to ICV STZ, this group was given TQ (10 mg/kg/day, i.p.) and MEM (5 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 2 weeks. On the 15th day, passive avoidance learning (PAL) was applied to all groups. Then, rats were sacrificed, neurons in the hippocampal CA1, CA2, CA3 regions were evaluated. RESULTS Groups 3, 4, 5 had longer latency periods than groups 1 and 2. The neuron density in the CA1, CA2, CA3 regions had decreased in groups 1 and 2 compared to groups 3, 4, 5. There were significantly more neurons in groups 3, 4, 5 than in groups 1 and 2. DISCUSSION We found that TQ alone and in combination with MEM showed ameliorative effects on memory and hippocampal morphology. TQ may offer a promising treatment strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şeyma ÖZSOY
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat,
Turkiye
| | - Ziya ÇAKIR
- Department of Oral and Dental Health, Faculty of Health Services Vocational School, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat,
Turkiye
| | - Elif AKÇAY
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat,
Turkiye
| | - Fikret GEVREK
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat,
Turkiye
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Chen Q, Zhao L, Mei L, Zhao X, Han P, Liu J, Meng C, Li R, Zhong R, Wang K, Li J. Vitamin C and vitamin D3 alleviate metabolic-associated fatty liver disease by regulating the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism via the gut-liver axis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1163694. [PMID: 37089915 PMCID: PMC10113476 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1163694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that both vitamin C (VC) and vitamin D3 (VD3) have therapeutic potential against metabolic disorders, including obesity, diabetes, and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, it is unclear whether VC supplementation is associated with improving the intestinal flora and regulating the metabolism of bile acids via the gut-liver axis in MAFLD. There is still no direct comparison or combination study of these two vitamins on these effects.Methods: In this study, we employed biochemical, histological, 16S rDNA-based microbiological, non-targeted liver metabolomic, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses to explore the intervening effect and mechanism of VC and VD3 on MAFLD by using a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model.Results: Treatment of mice with VC and VD3 efficiently reversed the characteristics of MAFLD, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation. VC and VD3 showed similar beneficial effects as mentioned above in HFD-induced obese mice. Interestingly, VC and VD3 reshaped the gut microbiota composition; improved gut barrier integrity; ameliorated oxidative stress and inflammation in the gut-liver axis; inhibited bile acid salt reflux-related ASBT; activated bile acid synthesis-related CYP7A1, bile acid receptor FXR, and bile acid transportation-related BSEP in the gut-liver axis; and improved bile secretion, thus decreasing the expression of FAS in the liver and efficiently ameliorating MAFLD in mice.Conclusion: Together, the results indicate that the anti-MAFLD activities of VC and VD3 are linked to improved gut-liver interactions via regulation of the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism, and they may therefore prove useful in treating MAFLD clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Chen
- Clinical School of the Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Mei
- Clinical School of the Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Han
- Clinical School of the Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Meng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruifang Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Kai Wang, ; Jia Li,
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Kai Wang, ; Jia Li,
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Doncheva N, Mihaylova A, Zlatanova H, Ivanovska M, Delev D, Murdjeva M, Kostadinov I. Vitamin D 3 exerts immunomodulatory and memory improving properties in rats with lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2022; 64:770-781. [PMID: 36876547 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.64.e67739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vitamin D is a fat-soluble secosteroid, its primary function being regulation of calcium-phosphate homeostasis and maintenance of bone integrity and mineralization. Recently, pleotropic effects of this vitamin have been recognized, including an immunomodulatory role and involvement in normal brain development and functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Delian Delev
- Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Magdy A, Farrag EAE, Hamed SM, Abdallah Z, El Nashar EM, Alghamdi MA, Ali AAH, Abd El-kader M. Neuroprotective and therapeutic effects of calcitriol in rotenone-induced Parkinson’s disease rat model. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:967813. [PMID: 36187296 PMCID: PMC9522903 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.967813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Treatment of PD is challenging, as current treatment strategies are only symptomatic and do not stop disease development. Recent studies reported neuroprotective effects of calcitriol in PD through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The exact pathomechanisms of PD are not yet fully understood. So, investigation of different molecular pathways is challenging. Sirtuin-1 (Sirt1) modulates multiple physiological processes, including programmed cell death, DNA repair, and inflammation. Furthermore, defective autophagy is considered a key pathomechanism in PD as it eliminates protein aggregation and dysfunctional cell organelles. The present study investigated the involvement of autophagy and Sirt1/NF-κB molecular pathway in rotenone-induced PD and explored the protective and restorative effects of calcitriol through these mechanisms. Therefore, behavioral tests were used to test the effect of calcitriol on motor disability and equilibrium. Furthermore, the histological and neuronal architecture was assessed. The expression of genes encoding neuroinflammation and autophagy markers was determined by qPCR while their protein levels were determined by Western blot analysis and immune-histochemical staining. Our results indicate that behavioral impairments and dopaminergic neuron depletion in the rotenone-induced PD model were improved by calcitriol administration. Furthermore, calcitriol attenuated rotenone-induced neuroinflammation and autophagy dysfunction in PD rats through up-regulation of Sirt1 and LC3 and down-regulation of P62 and NF-κB expression levels. Thus, calcitriol could induce a neuro-protective and restorative effect in the rotenone-induced PD model by modulating autophagy and Sirt1/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alshimaa Magdy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Alshimaa Magdy,
| | - Eman A. E. Farrag
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Shereen Mohamed Hamed
- Department of Medical Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Zienab Abdallah
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman Mohamad El Nashar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Mansour Abdullah Alghamdi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira A. H. Ali
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Institute of Anatomy ll, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marwa Abd El-kader
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Anapali M, Kaya-Dagistanli F, Akdemir AS, Aydemir D, Ulusu NN, Ulutin T, Uysal O, Tanriverdi G, Ozturk M. Combined resveratrol and vitamin D treatment ameliorate inflammation-related liver fibrosis, ER stress, and apoptosis in a high-fructose diet/streptozotocin-induced T2DM model. Histochem Cell Biol 2022; 158:279-296. [PMID: 35849204 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-022-02131-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A high fructose diet is a major cause of diabetes and various metabolic disorders, including fatty liver. In this study, we investigated the effects of resveratrol and vitamin D (VitD) treatments on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and liver regeneration in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus, namely, T2DM Sprague-Dawley rats. This T2DM rat model was created through a combination treatment of a 10% fructose diet and 40 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). Resveratrol (1 mg/kg/day) and VitD (170/IU/week) were administered alone and in combination to both the diabetic and control groups. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to evaluate PCNA, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, GRP78, and active caspase-3 in liver tissue. The TUNEL method and Sirius red staining were used to determine apoptosis and fibrosis, respectively. G6PD, 6-PGD, GR, and GST activities were measured to determine oxidative stress status. We found that the expressions of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) correlated with NF-κB activation and were significantly increased in the T2DM rats. Increased GRP78 expression, indicating ER stress, increased in apoptotic cells, enhanced caspase-3 activation, and collagen accumulation surrounding the central vein were observed in the T2DM group compared with the other groups. The combination VitD + resveratrol treatment improved antioxidant defense via increasing G6PD, 6-PGD, GR, and GST activities compared to the diabetic groups. We concluded that the combined administration of resveratrol with VitD ameliorates the adverse effects of T2DM by regulating blood glucose levels, increasing antioxidant defense mechanisms, controlling ER stress, enhancing tissue regeneration, improving inflammation, and reducing apoptosis in liver cells. In conclusion, this study indicates that the combination treatment of resveratrol + VitD can be a beneficial option for preventing liver damage in fructose-induced T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Anapali
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatma Kaya-Dagistanli
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ayse Seda Akdemir
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Duygu Aydemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuriye Nuray Ulusu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Turgut Ulutin
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Omer Uysal
- Department of Biostatistics, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Tanriverdi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melek Ozturk
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Ataie Z, Choopani S, Foolad F, Khodagholi F, Goudarzvand M. Vitamin D3 mediates spatial memory improvement through nitric oxide mechanism in demyelinated hippocampus of rat. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ataie
- Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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12
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Solmaz V, Erdoğan MA, Alnak A, Meral A, Erbaş O. Erythropoietin shows gender dependent positive effects on social deficits, learning/memory impairments, neuronal loss and neuroinflammation in the lipopolysaccharide induced rat model of autism. Neuropeptides 2020; 83:102073. [PMID: 32736811 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the effects of EPO in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced rat model of autism in terms of social deficits, learning and memory impairments, as well as their neurochemical correlates. Sixteen female Sprague Dawley rats randomly distributed into two equel groups, then were caged with fertile males for mating. At the 10th day of pregnancy, 0.5 ml %0,9 NaCl saline was given to first group, 100 μg/kg LPS was given to second group to induce autism. On postnatal 21th day, forty-eight littermates were divided into four groups as; 8 male, 8 female controls, 16 male and 16 female LPS-exposed. Then, LPS groups were also divided in to two groups as saline (1 mg/kg/day) and EPO 600 U/kg/day groups, and animals were treated 45 days. At 50th day, after behavioral evaluations, brain levels of TNF-α, nerve growth factor (NGF) were measured. Histologically, hippocampal neuronal density and GFAP expression were assessed. Three-chamber sociability and social novelty test, passive avoidance learning test were revealed significant differences among the EPO and control groups. Histologically, hippocampal CA1 & CA3 regions displayed significant alterations regarding gliosis (GFAP-positive cells) and regarding frontal cortical thickness in EPO groups compare to controls. Biochemical measurements of the brain levels of TNF-α and NGF levels showed significant differences between controls and EPO groups. According to our findings EPO treatment has beneficial effects on ASD-like symptoms, learning and memory processes, neuronal loss and neuroinflammation in the LPS induced rat model of autism, with some gender differences through inflammatory and neurotrophic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Solmaz
- Memorial Hizmet Hospital, department of Neurology, İstanbul, Turkey..
| | - Mümin Alper Erdoğan
- Katip Celebi University, Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology, İzmir, Turkey..
| | - Alper Alnak
- Sakarya University Training and Research Hospital, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit. Sakarya, Turkey..
| | - Ayfer Meral
- Yuzuncü Yıl University, Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Van, Turkey..
| | - Oytun Erbaş
- Demiroğlu Bilim University, Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology, İstanbul, Turkey
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13
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Nonaka K, Akiyama J, Yoshikawa Y, Une S, Ito K. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Interleukin-6 Production by C2C12 Myotubes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56090450. [PMID: 32899782 PMCID: PMC7558322 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56090450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) inhibits proinflammatory cytokines in microglial cells and monocytes. However, it is unclear whether 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibits proinflammatory cytokines in muscle cells. This study was conducted to investigate whether 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines, resulting in inhibition of the protein expression of E3 ubiquitin ligases and muscle protein loss. Materials and Methods: C2C12 myoblasts were proliferated in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum, and myoblasts were differentiated into myotubes in DMEM containing 2% horse serum. Myotubes were treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 for 24 h, followed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation for 48 h. Results: Interleukin (IL)-6 protein concentrations were higher in the culture supernatant following LPS stimulation compared to that without LPS stimulation (p < 0.001). However, the IL-6 concentration was significantly lower in C2C12 myotubes following 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment than in C2C12 myotubes without 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment (p < 0.001). The myosin heavy chain (MHC), muscle atrophy F-box, and muscle ring-finger protein-1 protein levels did not significantly differ (P = 0.324, 0.552, and 0.352, respectively). We could not compare tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) protein levels because they were below the limit of detection of our assay in many supernatant samples, including in LPS-stimulated samples. Conclusions: 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited increases in IL-6 protein concentrations in muscle cells stimulated by LPS, suggesting that 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibits inflammation in muscle cells. The findings suggest that 1,25(OH)2D3 can prevent or improve sarcopenia, which is associated with IL-6. The TNFα protein content could not be measured, and MHC was not decreased despite LPS stimulation of C2C12 myotubes. Further studies are needed to examine the effects of higher doses of LPS stimulation on muscle cells and use more sensitive methods for measuring TNFα protein to investigate the preventive effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on increased TNFα and muscle proteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Nonaka
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Naragakuen University, Nara, Nara 631-8524, Japan; (Y.Y.); (K.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-742-93-5425
| | - Junichi Akiyama
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Care and Social Welfare, Kibi International University, Takahashi, Okayama 716-8508, Japan;
| | - Yoshiyuki Yoshikawa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Naragakuen University, Nara, Nara 631-8524, Japan; (Y.Y.); (K.I.)
| | - Satsuki Une
- Faculty of Education, Kagawa University, Takamatsu 760-8521, Japan;
| | - Kenichi Ito
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Naragakuen University, Nara, Nara 631-8524, Japan; (Y.Y.); (K.I.)
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Solmaz V, Atasoy Ö, Erbaş O. Atorvastatin has therapeutic potential for the fatty liver-induced memory dysfunction in rats, likely via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Neurol Res 2020; 42:497-503. [PMID: 32252617 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2020.1747718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the memory function in a rat model of fatty liver and to investigate the effects of statins on fatty liver, neuronal inflammation, oxidative stress and memory. In this study, 24 male rats were used and were divided into four groups consisting of 6 animals in each. Of them, 12 rats received liquid diet containing 35% fructose for 8 weeks in order to induce hepatosteatosis, while other animals had a normal nutrition. Group 1 served as controls and had a normal nutrition with no drug treatment. The animals in Group 2 had a normal nutrition and treated with atorvastatin. Group 3 received high-fructose diet with no drug treatment and Group 4 received high-fructose diet followed by atorvastatin treatment. After the two weeks of treatment period, passive avoidance tasks evaluating the memory were performed in both the study and control groups. The liver and brain were then removed for histologic, pathologic, and biochemical evaluation. In the non-treated rats with hepatosteatosis (Group 3), the lowest mean latency time and the highest mean histopathologic liver score, and brain TNF- α and MDA (Measurement of lipid peroxidation) were found (p < 0.00001). On the other hand, in the animals treated with atorvastatin, all these parameters were significantly higher than that of controls and significantly lower than that of Group 3 (p < 0.05). Fatty liver can increase inflammation and cause memory disorders, and atorvastatin may have a positive effect on cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Özüm Atasoy
- Radyasyon Onkolojisi, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kırdar Eğitim Ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Oytun Erbaş
- Department of Physiology, Bilim University Medical Faculty, İstanbul, Turkey
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15
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da Silva Souza SV, da Rosa PB, Neis VB, Moreira JD, Rodrigues ALS, Moretti M. Effects of cholecalciferol on behavior and production of reactive oxygen species in female mice subjected to corticosterone-induced model of depression. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 393:111-120. [PMID: 31463580 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01714-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (or depression) is one of the most frequent psychiatric illnesses in the population, with chronic stress being one of the main etiological factors. Studies have shown that cholecalciferol supplementation can lead to attenuation of the depressive state; however, the biochemical mechanisms involved in the relationship between cholecalciferol and depression are not very well known. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the administration of cholecalciferol on behavioral parameters (tail suspension test (TST), open field test (OFT), splash test (ST)) and redox state (dichlorofluorescein (DCF)) in adult female Swiss mice subjected to a model of depression induced by chronic corticosterone treatment. Corticosterone (20 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered once a day for 21 days. For investigation of the antidepressant-like effect, cholecalciferol (100 IU/kg) or fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, positive control) was administered p.o. within the last 7 days of corticosterone administration. After the treatments, the behavioral tests and biochemical analyses in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of the rodent samples were performed. Animals submitted to repeated corticosterone administration showed a depressive-like behavior, evidenced by a significant increase in the immobility time in the TST, which was significantly reduced by the administration of cholecalciferol or fluoxetine. In addition, the groups treated with cholecalciferol and fluoxetine showed a significant decrease in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the hippocampus. These results show that cholecalciferol, similar to fluoxetine, has a potential antidepressant-like effect, which may be related to the lower ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suene Vanessa da Silva Souza
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Priscila Batista da Rosa
- Biochemistry Department, Biological Science Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Vivian Binder Neis
- Biochemistry Department, Biological Science Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Júlia Dubois Moreira
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Biochemistry Department, Biological Science Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Morgana Moretti
- Biochemistry Department, Biological Science Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
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16
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Larsson S, Voss U. Neuroprotective effects of vitamin D on high fat diet- and palmitic acid-induced enteric neuronal loss in mice. BMC Gastroenterol 2018; 18:175. [PMID: 30463517 PMCID: PMC6249721 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-018-0905-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The role of vitamin D in obesity and diabetes is debated. Obese and/or diabetic patients have elevated levels of free fatty acids, increased susceptibility to gastrointestinal symptoms and are suggested to have altered vitamin D balance. The enteric nervous system is pivotal in regulating gastrointestinal activity and high fat diet (HFD) has been shown to cause loss of enteric neurons in ileum and colon. This study investigates the effect of vitamin D on HFD- and palmitic acid-induced enteric neuronal loss in vivo and in vitro. Methods Mice were fed either a normal diet (ND) or HFD supplemented with varying levels of vitamin D (from 0x to 20x normal vitamin D level) for 19 weeks. Ileum and colon were analyzed for neuronal numbers and remodeling. Primary cultures of myenteric neurons from mouse small intestine were treated with palmitic acid (4x10-4M) and/or 1α,25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 (VD, 10-11- 10-7M) with or without modulators of lipid metabolism and VD pathways. Cultures were analyzed by immunocyto- and histochemical methods. Results Vitamin D supplementation had no effect on enteric neuronal survival in the ND group. HFD caused substantial loss of myenteric neurons in ileum and colon. Vitamin D supplementation between 0-2x normal had no effect on HFD-induced neuronal loss. Supplementation with 20x normal, prevented the HFD-induced neuronal loss. In vitro supplementation of VD prevented the palmitic acid-induced neuronal loss. The VD receptor (VDR) was not identified in enteric neurons. Enteric glia expressed the alternative VD receptor, protein disulphide isomerase family A member 3 (PDIA3), but PDIA3 was not found to mediate the VD response in vitro. Inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and immune neutralization of isocitrate lyase prevented the VD mediated neuroprotection to palmitic acid exposure. Conclusions Results show that VD protect enteric neurons against HFD and palmitic acid induced neuronal loss. The mechanism behind is suggested to be through activation of PPARγ leading to improved neuronal peroxisome function and metabolism of neuronal lipid intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Larsson
- Unit of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 19, BMC C11, 22184, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulrikke Voss
- Unit of Neurogastroenterology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sölvegatan 19, BMC B11, 22184, Lund, Sweden.
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17
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Ibrahim AN, Attallah MI, Elnaggar RA. Combination of Cholecalciferol and Rivastigmine Improves Cognitive Dysfunction and Reduces Inflammation in STZ Induced Alzheimer's Model Experimentally in Rats. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.11131/2018/101369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amany N. Ibrahim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Qalubiya, Egypt
| | - Magdy I. Attallah
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr Alainy, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham Abdelrahman Elnaggar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
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18
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Erbas O, Erdogan MA, Khalilnezhad A, Gürkan FT, Yiğittürk G, Meral A, Taskiran D. Neurobehavioral effects of long‐term maternal fructose intake in rat offspring. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 69:68-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oytun Erbas
- Istanbul Bilim University School of MedicineDepartment of PhysiologyIstanbulTurkey
| | | | | | | | - Gürkan Yiğittürk
- Ege University School of MedicineDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyIzmirTurkey
| | - Ayfer Meral
- Dumlupinar University School of MedicineDepartment of BiochemistryKütahyaTurkey
| | - Dilek Taskiran
- Ege University School of MedicineDepartment of PhysiologyIzmirTurkey
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19
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Erbaş O, Erdoğan MA, Khalilnezhad A, Solmaz V, Gürkan FT, Yiğittürk G, Eroglu HA, Taskiran D. Evaluation of long-term effects of artificial sweeteners on rat brain: a biochemical, behavioral, and histological study. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2018; 32:e22053. [PMID: 29660801 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of artificial sweeteners (aspartame, saccharin, and sucralose) on rat brain. Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were included in the study. The control group (n = 6) received regular tap water, whereas other groups received aspartame (3 mg/kg/day, n = 6,) or saccharin (3 mg/kg/day, n = 6) or sucralose (1.5 mg/kg/day, n = 6) in the drinking water. Following 6 weeks, the passive avoidance learning (PAL) test was performed to evaluate the neurobehavioral effects of sweeteners. The brains were assessed for lipid peroxides, neuron count, and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry. Our results demonstrated that chronic intake of sweeteners significantly impaired PAL performance in all groups. Hippocampal CA1-CA3 areas revealed significantly lower neuronal count in aspartame and increased GFAP expression in all groups. Brain lipid peroxides were significantly higher in all groups. Our findings suggest that long-term consumption of artificial sweeteners may have harmful effects on cognition and hippocampal integrity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oytun Erbaş
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Istanbul Bilim University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Volkan Solmaz
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Fulya Tuzcu Gürkan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gürkan Yiğittürk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Avni Eroglu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Dilek Taskiran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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20
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Zheng L, Zhang W, Li A, Liu Y, Yi B, Nakhoul F, Zhang H. PTPN2 Downregulation Is Associated with Albuminuria and Vitamin D Receptor Deficiency in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:3984797. [PMID: 30246029 PMCID: PMC6136551 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3984797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation plays a major role in albuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our previous studies have shown that the expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) is downregulated in T2DM which is closely associated with the severity of albuminuria. In this study, we investigated the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 2 (PTPN2) in T2DM and explored its relationship to albuminuria and VDR. METHODS 101 T2DM patients were divided into three groups based on urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR): normal albuminuria (uACR < 30 mg/g, n = 29), microalbuminuria (30 mg/g ≤ uACR < 300 mg/g, n = 34), and macroalbuminuria (uACR ≥ 300 mg/g, n = 38). Thirty healthy individuals were included as controls. Serum was analyzed for PTPN2 and IL-6 expression, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed for PTPN2 and VDR expression. THP-1 cells were incubated with high glucose and further treated with or without paricalcitol, a vitamin D analog. The levels of PTPN2, VDR, IL-6, TNFα, and MCP-1 were analyzed. In addition, anti-inflammatory activities of PTPN2 were further explored in THP-1 cells stimulated with high glucose after PTPN2 silencing or overexpression. RESULTS PTPN2 expression was downregulated in T2DM with the lowest level observed in macroalbuminuria patients. PTPN2 level positively correlated with VDR but negatively correlated with uACR and IL-6. When stimulated with high glucose, there was an increase in inflammatory factors and a decrease in PTPN2 expression. Treatment with paricalcitol reversed these effects. However, paricalcitol failed to exert anti-inflammatory effects in the setting of PTPN2 knockdown. Thus, low levels of PTPN2 aggravated glucose-stimulated inflammation, while high levels of PTPN2 reduced it. CONCLUSION PTPN2, an anti-inflammatory factor regulated by VDR, was reduced in T2DM CKD stages 1-2. Taken together, our results suggest that therapeutic strategies that enhance PTPN2 may be beneficial for controlling inflammation in T2DM.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Albuminuria/blood
- Albuminuria/diagnosis
- Albuminuria/etiology
- Albuminuria/urine
- Biomarkers/blood
- Biomarkers/urine
- Case-Control Studies
- Chemokine CCL2/metabolism
- Creatinine/urine
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/urine
- Diabetic Nephropathies/blood
- Diabetic Nephropathies/diagnosis
- Diabetic Nephropathies/etiology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/urine
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- Humans
- Inflammation/blood
- Inflammation/diagnosis
- Inflammation/etiology
- Inflammation/urine
- Interleukin-6/blood
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Monocytes/metabolism
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 2/blood
- Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 2/genetics
- Receptors, Calcitriol/blood
- Receptors, Calcitriol/deficiency
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/blood
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/urine
- THP-1 Cells
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Aimei Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Farid Nakhoul
- Diabetic Nephropathy Lab, Baruch Padeh Poriya Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine in Galilee, 15208 Lower Galilee, Israel
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Yang CH, Albietz J, Harkin DG, Kimlin MG, Schmid KL. Impact of oral vitamin D supplementation on the ocular surface in people with dry eye and/or low serum vitamin D. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2017; 41:69-76. [PMID: 28919183 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the possible association between serum vitamin D levels and dry eye symptoms, and the impact of an oral vitamin D supplement. METHODS Three linked studies were performed. (i) 29 older adult participants, (ii) 29 dry eyed participants, and (iii) 2-month vitamin D supplementation for 32 dry eyed/low serum vitamin D levelled participants. All participants were assessed by the Ocular Surface Diseases Index (OSDI) to determine dry eye symptoms, and the phenol red thread test (PRT) and/or Schirmer's tear test, tear meniscus height, non-invasive tear break up time, grading ocular surface redness and fluorescein staining of the cornea to detect the tear quality and ocular surface conditions. Blood samples were collected for serum vitamin D analysis and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. RESULTS Among older adult participants, vitamin D levels were negatively correlated with dry eye symptoms, the severity of dry eye, and associated with tired eye symptom. Vitamin D levels of people with dry eye diagnosis were not correlated with OSDI scores and IL-6 levels; while IL-6 levels showed correlation with tear production. In supplement study, vitamin D levels increased by 29mol/l, while dry eye symptoms and grading of corneal staining appeared significant reductions. No significant changes in IL-6 levels. CONCLUSIONS Low vitamin D levels (<50nmol/l) were associated with dry eye symptoms in older individuals but not those diagnosed with dry eye. Vitamin D supplement increased the vitamin D levels, and improved dry eye symptoms, the tear quality and ocular surface conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Huang Yang
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julie Albietz
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Damien G Harkin
- Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Queensland Eye Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael G Kimlin
- Health Research Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katrina L Schmid
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Queensland Eye Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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22
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Hajiluian G, Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Nameni G, Shahabi P, Megari-Abbasi M. Oxidative stress-induced cognitive impairment in obesity can be reversed by vitamin D administration in rats. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 21:744-752. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1348436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Hajiluian
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Nameni
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parviz Shahabi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehran Megari-Abbasi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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23
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Similarities and interactions between the ageing process and high chronic intake of added sugars. Nutr Res Rev 2017; 30:191-207. [DOI: 10.1017/s0954422417000051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn our societies, the proportions of elderly people and of obese individuals are increasing. Both factors are associated with high health-related costs. During obesity, many authors suggest that it is a high chronic intake of added sugars (HCIAS) that triggers the shift towards pathology. However, the majority of studies were performed in young subjects and only a few were interested in the interaction with the ageing process. Our purpose was to discuss the metabolic effects of HCIAS, compare with the effects of ageing, and evaluate how deleterious the combined action of HCIAS and ageing could be. This effect of HCIAS seems mediated by fructose, targeting the liver first, which may lead to all subsequent metabolic alterations. The first basic alterations induced by fructose are increased oxidative stress, protein glycation, inflammation, dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance. These alterations are also present during the ageing process, and are closely related to each other, one leading to the other. These basic alterations are also involved in more complex syndromes, which are also favoured by HCIAS, and present during ageing. These include non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hypertension, neurodegenerative diseases, sarcopenia and osteoporosis. Cumulative effects of ageing and HCIAS have been seldom tested and may not always be strictly additive. Data also suggest that some of the metabolic alterations that are more prevalent during ageing could be related more with nutritional habits than to intrinsic ageing. In conclusion, it is clear that HCIAS interacts with the ageing process, accelerates the accumulation of metabolic alterations, and that it should be avoided.
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Vitamin D administration, cognitive function, BBB permeability and neuroinflammatory factors in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 41:639-644. [PMID: 28093570 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of vitamin D administration on cognitive function, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration in the hippocampus and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. METHODS Male Wistar rats were fed either a control diet or HFD for 16 weeks (n=20); then, each group was randomized into two subgroups supplemented orally with 500 IU kg-1 vitamin D for 5 weeks. A Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed at the 21st week to examine cognitive function. BBB permeability was characterized by Evans blue dye in the hippocampus. BDNF and NF-κB concentrations in the hippocampus and serum vitamin D concentrations were also measured. RESULTS HFD led to a significant delay in escape latency time and reduced time of MWM probe test because of increased NF-κB and decreased BDNF concentrations in the hippocampus. Vitamin D supplementation in the HFD group significantly reduced body weight, NF-κB concentrations, BBB permeability and increased BDNF concentrations in the hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D reversed HFD-induced cognitive impairments by reduction of the NF-κB and elevation of BDNF concentrations and modulation of the BBB permeability in rats' hippocampus.
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Nameni G, Hajiluian G, Shahabi P, Farhangi MA, Mesgari-Abbasi M, Hemmati MR, Vatandoust SM. The Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Neurodegeneration, TNF-α Concentration in Hypothalamus, and CSF-to-Plasma Ratio of Insulin in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Rats. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 61:247-255. [PMID: 27921254 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0864-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that obesity can lead to neurodegeneration induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). Moreover, obesity is associated with reduced transport of insulin through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Insulin deficiency in the brain especially in the hypothalamus region has neurodegenerative and obesity-promoting effects. Because of the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of vitamin D, in the current experimental study, we aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on neurodegeneration, TNF-α concentration in the hypothalamus, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to serum ratio of insulin in high-fat-diet-induced obese rats. At the first phase of the study, the rats were divided into two groups: (1) normal diet (ND, 10% fat) and (2) high-fat diet (HFD, 59% fat) and were fed for 16 weeks. In the second phase, each group was subdivided into four groups including the following: ND, normal diet + vitamin D, HFD, and HFD + vitamin D. Weight was measured and recorded weekly. Vitamin D supplementation for 5 weeks at 500 IU/kg dosage was used. One week after vitamin D supplementation, daily food intake was recorded. At week 22, blood was collected to determine fasting serum glucose, vitamin D, and insulin concentrations, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. CSF samples were also collected to measure insulin concentrations, and the hypothalamus was dissected to determine TNF-α concentration. HFD significantly increased TNF-α concentrations and degenerated neurons in the hypothalamus (P = 0.02). We also observed a significant reduction of CSF-to-serum ratio of insulin in HFD group (P = 0.03). The HOMA-IR test indicated significant increment of insulin resistance in HFD-fed rats (P = 0.006). Vitamin D supplementation in HFD group significantly reduced weight (P = 0.001) and food intake (P = 0.008) and increased CSF-to-serum ratio of insulin (P = 0.01). Furthermore, vitamin D decreased insulin resistance in the HFD group (P = 0.008). Vitamin D had no significant effect on degenerated neurons and TNF-α concentration in the hypothalamus. According to our findings, vitamin D improved brain insulin homeostasis and modulated food intake and body weight in high-fat-diet-induced obese rats. Further studies are needed to better clarify the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Nameni
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Hajiluian
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parviz Shahabi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad-Reza Hemmati
- Pathology Section Social Security of East Azarbaijan, Alinasab Hospital, Tabriz, Iran
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Panwar B, Judd SE, Howard VJ, Jenny NS, Wadley VG, Gutiérrez OM. Vitamin D, Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Incident Cognitive Impairment: Findings from the REGARDS Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165671. [PMID: 27812184 PMCID: PMC5094718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D protects against cognitive decline in animals but evidence in humans has been inconsistent. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a hormone that inhibits vitamin D activation yet few studies examined whether FGF23 is associated with cognitive impairment. The objective of this study was to examine associations of 25(OH)D and FGF23 with incident cognitive impairment in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, a cohort of black and white adults ≥45 years old. FGF23 and 25(OH)D were measured in 474 incident impairment cases and 561 controls. In multivariable-adjusted models, there were no significant associations of FGF23 with incident cognitive impairment. In analyses using clinically-relevant categories of 25(OH)D (< 20 ng/ml, 20–29.9 ng/ml, ≥30 ng/ml), there was no statistically significant association of lower 25(OH)D concentrations with odds of incident cognitive impairment in models adjusted for demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables and season of blood draw (tertile 1 [≥30 ng/ml] reference; tertile 2 [20–29.9 ng/ml], odds ratio [OR] 0.96, 95%CI 0.67, 1.38; tertile 3 [<20 ng/ml] OR 1.26, 95%CI 0.83, 1.91). When 25(OH)D was modeled as race-specific tertiles, there were no significant associations of 25(OH)D with incident cognitive impairment in whites, whereas lower 25(OH)D was associated with higher odds in blacks (tertile 1 [>23 ng/ml] reference; tertile 2 [15–23 ng/ml], OR 2.96, 95%CI 1.48,5.94; tertile 3 [<15 ng/ml] OR 2.40, 95%CI 1.07,5.40) in the fully adjusted model. In this cohort of older adults, lower race-specific tertiles of 25(OH)D were associated with higher incidence of cognitive impairment in black individuals but not white individuals. These data suggest that treating low 25(OH)D may be a novel strategy for addressing racial disparities in neurocognitive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupesh Panwar
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Suzanne E. Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Virginia J. Howard
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Nancy S. Jenny
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Virginia G. Wadley
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Orlando M. Gutiérrez
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Lee EY, Lee SJ, Kim KM, Yun YM, Song BM, Kim JE, Kim HC, Rhee Y, Youm Y, Kim CO. Association of metabolic syndrome and 25-hydroxyvitamin D with cognitive impairment among elderly Koreans. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 17:1069-1075. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine; National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital; Goyang Korea
- Department of Medicine; Yonsei University Graduate School of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Kyoung Min Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine; Seoul National University Bundang Hospital; Seongnam Korea
| | - Young Mi Yun
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Bo Mi Song
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
- Department of Public Health; Yonsei University Graduate School; Seoul Korea
| | - Jong Eun Kim
- Department of Public Health; Yonsei University Graduate School; Seoul Korea
- Division of Geriatrics Department of Internal Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Yumie Rhee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Yoosik Youm
- Department of Sociology; Yonsei University; Seoul Korea
| | - Chang Oh Kim
- Division of Geriatrics Department of Internal Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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Liu GL, Pi HC, Hao L, Li DD, Wu YG, Dong J. Vitamin D Status Is an Independent Risk Factor for Global Cognitive Impairment in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143782. [PMID: 26630385 PMCID: PMC4668056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment (CI) in the general population, but VD status in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients has not been investigated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between serum VD levels and global and specific cognitive functions in PD patients. Design and Setting Cross-sectional study, simultaneously conducted at two PD centers. Patients Clinically stable patients (n = 273) undergoing PD for at least 3 months were enrolled over a period of one year. Main outcome Measures Demographic and comorbidity data were recorded, and routine biochemical parameters and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) levels of overnight fasted patients were determined. Global cognitive function was assessed by the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS) score; executive function, by the trail making tests (Trails A and B); and immediate memory, delayed memory, and language ability by the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) sub-tests. Results In the univariate analysis, serum 25(OH) D levels significantly correlated with 3MS scores (r = -0.139; P = 0.02), and Trail A (r = -0.188; P = 0.002) and B (r = -0.154; P = 0.01) completion times. In the multivariate analysis, 25(OH) D was found to be independently associated with global CI, but not with executive dysfunction. Serum 25(OH) D could not predict scores of immediate/delayed memory and language ability. Conclusions VD deficiency is highly prevalent in PD patients and is an independent risk factor for global CI in this patient cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Ling Liu
- Renal Division, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hai-Chen Pi
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Nephrology, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Education; Beijing, China
| | - Li Hao
- Renal Division, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dan-Dan Li
- Renal Division, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yong-Gui Wu
- Renal Division, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Jie Dong
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Nephrology, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Education; Beijing, China
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Exenatide reduces TNF-α expression and improves hippocampal neuron numbers and memory in streptozotocin treated rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 765:482-7. [PMID: 26386291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest a possible link between type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Glucogan-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) facilitates insulin release from pancreas under hyperglycemic conditions. In addition to its metabolic effects, GLP-1 and its long-lasting analogs, including exenatide can stimulate neurogenesis and improve cognition in rodent AD model. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of exenatide on hippocampal cellularity, cognitive performance and inflammation response in a rat model of AD. Fourteen rats were used to create AD model using intracerebroventricular (ICV) streptozotocin (STZ) infusion while 7 rats were administered 0.9% NaCl only (sham-operated group). Following stereotaxic surgery, STZ received rats were randomly distributed into two groups, and treated with either saline or exenatide 20 µgr/kg/day through intraperitoneally for two weeks. Then, cognitive performance (passive avoidance learning), brain tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity and hippocampal neuronal count were determined. While the brain TNF-α levels were significantly high in the saline-treated STZ group, exenatide treatment suppressed the increase in TNF-α levels. Saline-treated STZ group showed reduced ChAT activity compared to sham group. However, exenatide significantly preserved brain ChAT activity. The cognitive performance was also impaired in saline group while exenatide improved memory in rats. Moreover, exenatide treatment significantly prevented the decrease in hippocampal neurons. Overall, the results of the present study clearly indicated exenatide might have beneficial effects on impaired cognitive performance and hippocampal neuronal viability in AD by suppressing the inflammation response and increasing cholinergic activity.
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Stokes CS, Grünhage F, Baus C, Volmer DA, Wagenpfeil S, Riemenschneider M, Lammert F. Vitamin D supplementation reduces depressive symptoms in patients with chronic liver disease. Clin Nutr 2015. [PMID: 26212170 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Vitamin D deficiency and depression frequently occur in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD). Depression has recently been inversely associated with vitamin D in a meta-analysis, and vitamin D receptor is expressed in brain. This pilot study investigates whether vitamin D replacement ameliorates depressive symptoms in CLD patients and consists of a cross-sectional and an interventional analysis. METHODS Overall, 111 patients with CLD were included in the cross-sectional analysis. The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) was used to assess depression. Chemiluminescence immunoassay and LC-MS/MS quantified serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. For the interventional analysis, 77 patients with inadequate vitamin D concentrations received 20,000 IU vitamin D per week for six months. The final follow-up was carried out six months post supplementation. RESULTS In the cross-sectional analysis, 81% of patients (median age 55 years, 47% women) had inadequate baseline vitamin D levels (<30 ng/ml), and 31% presented with depressive symptoms (BDI-II score ≥14). Depression severity correlated inversely with vitamin D level in depressed patients (β = -0.483, P = 0.004). Depression scores improved significantly from baseline in depressed patients after three and six months (P = 0.003 and P = 0.004, respectively) of supplementation, with vitamin D levels increasing to normal (P < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses revealed this anti-depressant effect of vitamin D to occur predominantly in women. The final follow-up showed increases in median BDI-II scores in the setting of decreased vitamin D levels. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D levels correlated with BDI-II scores, and vitamin D replacement significantly improved depressive symptoms in women with CLD. Adjuvant vitamin D may be considered in these patients. REGISTRATION NO DRKS00007782 German Clinical Trials Registry (DRKS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline S Stokes
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Frank Grünhage
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Crystal Baus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Dietrich A Volmer
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Stefan Wagenpfeil
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, Saarland University, Campus Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Riemenschneider
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Frank Lammert
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
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Lam V, Albrecht MA, Takechi R, Prasopsang P, Lee YP, Foster JK, Mamo JCL. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with reduced verbal episodic memory in healthy, middle-aged and older adults. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:1503-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0968-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Erbaş O, Akseki HS, Aktuğ H, Taşkıran D. Low-grade chronic inflammation induces behavioral stereotypy in rats. Metab Brain Dis 2015; 30:739-46. [PMID: 25413450 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-014-9630-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is known to be associated with metabolic disturbances including diabetes mellitus, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. A growing body of evidence has suggested abnormal cytokine levels in schizophrenia. In the present study, we explored the effects of low-grade chronic inflammation on behavioral stereotypy in a rat model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In order to induce NAFLD, rats were fed with either water enriched with 30 % fructose or plain tap water for 8 weeks. Following feeding period, behavioral stereotypy was evaluated with apomorphine-induced stereotypy test. Also, levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 2 (IL-2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the liver and brain tissues were assessed biochemically. Brain homovanilic acid (HVA) was measured to evaluate the dopamine turnover. NAFLD rats showed significantly higher stereotypy score compared to controls (p = 0.016). TNF-α, IL-2, and NF-κB levels were significantly increased in NAFLD rats compared to control group. Brain HVA levels were elevated in NAFLD rats as well (p = 0.008). Moreover, NAFLD group prompted a considerable increase in brain IL-2 immunoexpression (p = 0.005). In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that low-grade chronic inflammation such as NAFLD may enhance apomorphine-induced stereotypic behavior via increasing dopaminergic activity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oytun Erbaş
- Department of Physiology, Gaziosmanpaşa University, School of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey
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Cannell JJ, Grant WB, Holick MF. Vitamin D and inflammation. DERMATO-ENDOCRINOLOGY 2015; 6:e983401. [PMID: 26413186 PMCID: PMC4580066 DOI: 10.4161/19381980.2014.983401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Several studies found an inverse relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and markers of inflammation. A controversy exists as to whether vitamin D lowers inflammation or whether inflammation lowers 25(OH)D concentrations. Certainly 25(OH)D concentrations fall after major surgery. However, is this due to inflammation lowering 25(OH)D or is 25(OH)D being metabolically cleared by the body to quell inflammation. We searched the literature and found 39 randomized controlled trials (RCT) of vitamin D and markers of inflammation. Seventeen found significantly reduced inflammatory markers, 19 did not, one was mixed and one showed adverse results. With few exceptions, studies in normal subjects, obesity, type 2 diabetics, and stable cardiovascular disease did not find significant beneficial effects. However, we found that 6 out of 7 RCTS of vitamin D3 in highly inflammatory conditions (acute infantile congestive heart failure, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, cystic fibrosis, SLE, active TB and evolving myocardial infarction) found significant reductions. We found baseline and final 25(OH)D predicted RCTs with significant reduction in inflammatory markers. Vitamin D tends to modestly lower markers of inflammation in highly inflammatory conditions, when baseline 25(OH)D levels were low and when achieved 25(OH)D levels were higher. Future inquiries should: recruit subjects with low baseline 25(OH)D levels, subjects with elevated markers of inflammation, subjects with inflammatory conditions, achieve adequate final 25(OH)D levels, and use physiological doses of vitamin D. We attempted to identify all extant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D that used inflammatory markers as primary or secondary endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William B Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition, and Health Research Center ; San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Michael F Holick
- Department of Medicine; Section on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Diabetes, Vitamin D, Skin and Bone Research Laboratory; Boston University Medical Center ; Boston, MA USA
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Modulation of the inflammatory response of bovine mammary epithelial cells by cholecalciferol (vitamin D) during Staphylococcus aureus internalization. Microb Pathog 2014; 77:24-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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