1
|
Jiang Z, Sun Y, Liu S. Association between human blood metabolites and cerebral cortex architecture: evidence from a Mendelian randomization study. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1386844. [PMID: 38784905 PMCID: PMC11111910 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1386844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of circulating metabolites may affect brain function and cognition, associated with alterations in the cerebral cortex architecture. However, the exact cause remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the causal effect of circulating metabolites on the cerebral cortex architecture. Methods This study utilized retrieved data from genome-wide association studies to investigate the relationship between blood metabolites and cortical architecture. A total of 1,091 metabolites and 309 metabolite ratios were used for exposure. The brain cortex surface area and cortex thickness were selected as the primary outcomes in this study. In this study, the inverse variance weighting method was used as the main analytical method, complemented by sensitivity analyses that were more robust to pleiotropy. Furthermore, metabolic pathway analysis was performed via MetaboAnalyst 6.0. Finally, reverse Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to assess the potential for reverse causation. Results After correcting for the false discovery rate (FDR), we identified 37 metabolites and 9 metabolite ratios that showed significant causal associations with cortical structures. Among these, Oxalate was found to be most strongly associated with cortical surface area (β: 2387.532, 95% CI 756.570-4018.495, p = 0.037), while Tyrosine was most correlated with cortical thickness (β: -0.015, 95% CI -0.005 to -0.025, p = 0.025). Furthermore, pathway analysis based on metabolites identified six significant metabolic pathways associated with cortical structures and 13 significant metabolic pathways based on metabolite ratios. Conclusion The identified metabolites and relevant metabolic pathways reveal potential therapeutic pathways for reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. These findings will help guide health policies and clinical practice in treating neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongzhi Jiang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yining Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Songyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lu M, Pan J, Hu Y, Ding L, Li Y, Cui X, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Li C. Advances in the study of vascular related protective effect of garlic (Allium sativum) extract and compounds. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 124:109531. [PMID: 37984733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a functional food containing multiple bioactive compounds that find widespread applications in culinary and medicinal practices. It consists of multiple chemical components, including allicin and alliin. This article offers a comprehensive review of the protective effects of garlic extracts and their active constituents on the vascular system. In vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that garlic extracts and their active ingredients possess various bioactive properties. These substances demonstrate beneficial effects on blood vessels by demonstrating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, inhibiting lipid accumulation and migration, preventing lipid peroxidation, promoting angiogenesis, reducing platelet aggregation, enhancing endothelial function, and inhibiting endothelial cell apoptosis. In clinical studies, garlic and its extracts have demonstrated their efficacy in managing vascular system diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, and high cholesterol levels. In summary, these studies highlight the potential therapeutic roles and underlying mechanisms of garlic and its constituents in managing conditions like diabetes, atherosclerosis, ischemic diseases, and other vascular disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengkai Lu
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jinyuan Pan
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanlong Hu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xinhai Cui
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Muxin Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Li
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang M, Zou X, Du Y, Pan Z, He F, Sun Y, Li M. Integrated Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Reveal the Mechanism of Alliin in Improving Hyperlipidemia. Foods 2023; 12:3407. [PMID: 37761116 PMCID: PMC10528980 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aims to assess the anti-hyperlipidemia effects of alliin in vivo and its potential mechanisms through transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis. A hyperlipidemia mode was established in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet, and the related physiological parameters of the animals were recorded. Serum TC and MDA in livers significantly decreased by 12.34% and 29.59%, respectively, and SOD and CAT in livers significantly increased by 40.64% and 39.05%, respectively, after high doses of alliin interventions. In total, 148 significantly different genes, particularly Cel, Sqle, Myc, and Ugt1a2, were revealed for their potential roles in HFD-induced alliin, mainly through steroid biosynthesis, triglyceride metabolism, drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, according to transcriptomics analysis. Metabolomics results revealed 18 significantly different metabolites between the alliin group and HFD group, which were classified as carboxylic acids, such as N-undecanoylglycine, adipic acid, D-pantothenic acid, cyprodenate, and pivagabine. We found pantothenic acid played a vital role and was effective through pantothenic acid and CoA biosynthesis metabolism. The "steroid biosynthesis pathway" was identified as the most significant metabolic pathway by integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis. This work offered a theoretical framework for the mechanism of alliin lipid lowering in the future. The development and utilization of alliin will be a viable strategy to improve the health status of people with hyperlipidemia, suggesting prospective market opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.P.); (Y.S.)
- College of Food, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoying Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.P.); (Y.S.)
- College of Food, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yixuan Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.P.); (Y.S.)
- College of Food, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhuangguang Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.P.); (Y.S.)
- College of Food, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fangqing He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.P.); (Y.S.)
- College of Food, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuanming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.P.); (Y.S.)
- College of Food, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Meiying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.P.); (Y.S.)
- College of Food, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu H, Hao Z, Liu X, Wei Z, Tan R, Liu X, Chen Q, Chen Y, Zhou H, Liu Y, Fu Z. Autophagy blockage and lysosomal dysfunction are involved in diallyl sulfide-induced inhibition of malignant growth in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2100-2110. [PMID: 37209385 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Diallyl sulfide (DAS), as a major component of garlic extracts, has been shown to inhibit growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC), but the underlying mechanism is still elusive. In this study, we aimed to explore the involvement of autophagy in DAS-induced growth inhibition of HepG2 and Huh7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells. We studied growth of DAS-treated HepG2 and Huh7 cells using the MTS and clonogenic assays. Autophagic flux was examined by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. The expression levels of autophagy-related proteins AMPK, mTOR, p62, LC3-II, LAMP1, and cathepsin D in the HepG2 and Huh7 cells treated with DAS as well as the tumors formed by HepG2 cells in the nude mice in the presence or absence of DAS were examined using western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis. We found that DAS treatment induced activation of AMPK/mTOR, and accumulation of LC3-II and p62 both in vivo and in vitro. DAS inhibited autophagic flux through blocking the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes. Furthermore, DAS induced an increase in lysosomal pH and inhibition of Cathepsin D maturation. Co-treatment with an autophagy inhibitor (Chloroquine, CQ) further enhanced the growth inhibitory activity of DAS in HCC cells. Thus, our findings indicate that autophagy is involved in DAS-mediated growth inhibition of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Hao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemin Liu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixuan Wei
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Renming Tan
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiongxia Chen
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengqi Fu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng B, Li T, Li F. Study on the multitarget mechanism of alliin activating autophagy based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5590-5601. [PMID: 36271672 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the rapid development of bioinformatics, network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches have been successfully applied in the investigation of mechanisms of action. Here, we combined network pharmacology and molecular docking to predict the targets and reveal the molecular mechanism responsible for regulating autophagy by alliin. Based on the influence of alliin on autophagy, the targets of alliin were screened on the basis of different rules such as structural similarity by Pharmmapper, and genes associated with autophagy were collected from the GeneCards database. We focused on clarifying the biological processes and signalling pathways related to autophagy. Through the cytoHubba plug-in and a series of integrated bioinformatics analyses, the top nine hub nodes with higher degrees were obtained. And finally, through the LibDock included in Discovery Studio 2019, molecular docking method was adopted to declare the reliability of the interaction between alliin and hub targets. The results suggest that alliin-activated autophagy was possibly associated with pathways in cancer and the PI3K-AKT signalling pathway. Furthermore, the potential targets (AKT1, MAPK14, MAPK, HSPA8, EGFR, HSP90AA1, SRC HSPA1A and HSP90AB1) were swimmingly screened on the basis of this practical strategy. Molecular docking analysis indicates that alliin can bind with AKT1 and EGFR with good binding scores. This network pharmacology could be an invaluable strategy for the investigation of action mechanisms of alliin-activated autophagy. This study not only provides new and systematic insights into the underlying mechanism of alliin on autophagy, but also provides novel ideas for network approaches for autophagy-related research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bijun Cheng
- Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
| | - Tianjiao Li
- Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
| | - Fenglin Li
- Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yun YR, Lee JE. Alliin, capsaicin, and gingerol attenuate endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced hepatic steatosis in HepG2 cells and C57BL/6N mice. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
7
|
Zhao Y, Mao A, Zhang R, Guan S, Lu J. SIRT1/mTOR pathway-mediated autophagy dysregulation promotes Pb-induced hepatic lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:549-563. [PMID: 34842334 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a common and toxic metal pollutant in the ecological environment and has drawn significant attention due to its presence in various channels, including the use of lead-based paint, mineral extraction and smelting, exhaust gas from gasoline combustion. Autophagy is an essential catabolic pathway and blocked autophagy may result in abnormal lipid metabolism in liver. A body of evidence demonstrates that Pb exposure causes abnormal lipid droplet (LDs) accumulation in the liver, but the mechanism remains unknown. Here, we investigated whether Pb induced lipid accumulation by regulating autophagy in HepG2 cells. In this study, we found that Pb (50 μM) blocked the autophagy flux mainly by transcription factor EB (TFEB)-mediated impairment of lysosome formation and activity. Then we demonstrated that the dense lipid accumulation was observed upon Pb exposure, and induction of autophagy by the autophagy activator rapamycin (Rap) alleviated Pb-induced lipid accumulation, while suppression of autophagy by chloroquine (CQ) exacerbated Pb-induced lipid accumulation, suggested that Pb-induced autophagy blockage might be responsible for lipid accumulation. Moreover, we demonstrated that the SIRT1/mTOR pathway participated in Pb-induced autophagy dysregulation, leading to Pb-induced hepatic lipid accumulation. In summary, these results revealed a new insight into the relationship between Pb-caused autophagy dysregulation and lipid accumulation for the first time and highlight autophagy as a novel therapeutic target against Pb-induced hepatic lipid accumulation which supplying the theoretical basis and potential strategies for the intervention and treatment of Pb-related disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ankang Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shuang Guan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Lu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li T, Gong H, Zhan B, Mao X. Chitosan oligosaccharide attenuates hepatic steatosis in HepG2 cells via the activation of AMP‐activated protein kinase. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14045. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiange Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Beijing China
| | - Han Gong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Beijing China
| | - Biyuan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Beijing China
| | - Xueying Mao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fan Y, Lu J, Liu J, Zhang R, Yu Z, Guan S. 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol induced hepatic lipid accumulation by inhibiting autophagy via AKT/mTOR/FOXO1 pathway in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 157:112578. [PMID: 34560177 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Our study investigated the effects of food contaminant 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP) on hepatic lipid metabolism and its mechanism. We found that triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and the number of lipid droplets (LDs) were increased in the liver of C57BL/6 mice given intragastric administration of 1,3-DCP for 30 days. Meanwhile, 1,3-DCP inhibited autophagosomes and lysosomes formation, reflected by decreased LC3-II, LAMP1, LAMP2, CTSD, CTSB expression, increased p62 expression and decreased LC3 fluorescence. Subsequently, we detected the changes of hepatic lipid accumulation caused by 1,3-DCP using an autophagy inducer or inhibitor. In vivo, Hepatic lipid accumulation caused by 1,3-DCP was mitigated by the autophagy inducer Rapa. On the contrary, the autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine or 3-methyladenine) further exacerbated hepatic lipid accumulation caused by 1,3-DCP. 1,3-DCP reduced the number of autophagosomes encapsulated LDs, assessed by colocalization of LD and LC3. These data demonstrated that 1,3-DCP induced lipid accumulation by inhibiting autophagy. We further investigated the mechanism of 1,3-DCP-inhibited autophagy and found 1,3-DCP increased the ratios of p-AKT/AKT, p-mTOR/mTOR, p-FOXO1/FOXO1, decreased FOXO1 nuclear localization in vivo. These proteins may be involved in the regulation of 1,3-DCP-mediated autophagy. We detected the changes in autophagy marker protein LC3-II and lipid accumulation using an AKT inhibitor ARQ-092 or a mTOR inhibitor rapamycin in HepG2 cells. Compared with 1,3-DCP group, lipid accumulation was decreased, LC3-II and FOXO1 nuclear localization were increased, p-FOXO1 levels were decreased in HepG2 cells pretreated with ARQ-092 or rapamycin. Taken together, these data revealed that the effects of 1,3-DCP on lipid accumulation by inhibiting autophagy were dependent on AKT/mTOR/FOXO1 signaling pathway. Our study not only supplied the mechanism of 1,3-DCP toxicity, but also provided experimental basis for effective intervention measures of 1,3-DCP toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fan
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lu
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Liu
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranran Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zelin Yu
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Guan
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang H, Xie J, Wang N, Zhou Q, Lu Y, Qu Z, Wang H. Effects of Miao sour soup on hyperlipidemia in high-fat diet-induced obese rats via the AMPK signaling pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:4266-4277. [PMID: 34401077 PMCID: PMC8358355 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a common characteristic of obese animals. Identifying the factors involved in the regulation of dietary lipid metabolism is the most beneficial way to improve health. Miao sour soup (MSS) is a fermented food made from tomato and red pepper that contains lycopene, capsaicin, and organic acids. We conducted this study to investigate the regulatory functions and mechanisms of MSS on the blood lipid levels of high-fat diet-induced obese rats. In our preventive study, rats were fed normal diet (ND1), high-fat diet (HFD1), HFD + 4 g/kg BW MSS (HFD + LS1), and HFD + 8 g/kg BW MSS (HFD + HS1). We found that MSS significantly reduced the body weight and fat accumulation and improved the blood lipid levels of rats. MSS significantly increased the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase-alpha (AMPKα), attenuated the expression of the adipogenic transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), and suppressed the expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACCα), the critical regulators of hepatic lipid metabolism. Additionally, we also conducted a treatment study, and we grouped rats to receive ND2, HFD2, PC2, HFD + LS2, and HFD + HS2 for another 10 weeks. MSS treatment reduced the body weight, fat deposition, and percentage of lipid droplets and regulated the plasma lipid content. MSS significantly increased the expression of AMPK and alleviated the expression of SREBP-1c, ACC, and FAS. Taken together, these findings suggest that MSS prevents and treats hyperlipidemia in obese rats by regulating the AMPK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Yang
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease ControlMinistry of EducationGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Jiao Xie
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease ControlMinistry of EducationGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Nanlan Wang
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease ControlMinistry of EducationGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease ControlMinistry of EducationGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Yang Lu
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease ControlMinistry of EducationGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Guiyang Maternal and Child Healthcare HospitalGuiyangChina
| | - Zihan Qu
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease ControlMinistry of EducationGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
- Laishan District Center for Disease Control and PreventionYantaiChina
| | - Huiqun Wang
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease ControlMinistry of EducationGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
1,3-dichloro-2-propanol induced lipid accumulation by blocking autophagy flux in HepG2 cells. Toxicology 2021; 454:152716. [PMID: 33581215 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Great attention has been paid to 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP) due to its presence in food and concerns about toxic potential as carcinogens. In our previous study, we found that long-term low-dose 1,3-DCP exposure induced lipid accumulation in mouse liver. Recent studies have demonstrated that autophagy plays an important role in regulating lipid metabolism. So, we speculated that 1,3-DCP induced lipid accumulation by regulating autophagy in hepatocytes. In this study, we first studied the effect of 100 μM 1,3-DCP on autophagy flux in HepG2 cells. The data showed that 1,3-DCP (100 μM) impaired autophagy flux mainly through the attenuation of autophagosomes via AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and inhibition of lysosomes biosynthesis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that treatment with 100 μM 1,3-DCP for 24 h affected lipid metabolism through the colocalization of LC3 and Bodipy. We used an autophagy activator or an autophagy inhibitor to test the effect of 1,3-DCP on lipid accumulation through detecting lipid droplets staining, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC). The data showed that 1,3-DCP-induced lipid accumulation was alleviated in the presence of Rapamycin (an autophagy activator). On the contrary, 1,3-DCP-induced lipid accumulation was significantly exacerbated in the presence of an autophagy inhibitor (3-methyladenine or chloroquine). These results suggested that 1,3-DCP might induce lipid accumulation by the impairment of autophagy flux in HepG2 cells.
Collapse
|
12
|
Lu J, Lu J, Chen Y, Feng Z, Liu S, Guan S. 3-Chloro-1, 2-propanediol inhibits autophagic flux by impairment of lysosomal function in HepG2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 144:111575. [PMID: 32702505 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
3-chloro-1, 2-propanediol (3-MCPD) is a well-known contaminant that was produced in the thermal processing of food. Dietary intake represents the greatest source of exposure to 3-MCPD. Autophagy is an important catabolic pathway that plays an important role in liver physiological function. Evidence suggests that 3-MCPD exposure causes toxicity in liver, but the mechanism remains unknown. Here, we explored the effects of 3-MCPD on autophagic flux and traced the molecular mechanism in HepG2 cells. The data showed 3-MCPD exposure promoted the accumulation of autophagosomes in HepG2 cells. Subsequently, by detected te expression of LC3-Ⅱ and P62 and transfection of mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenovirus, we found that the accumulation of autophagosomes was caused by inhibition of autophagic flux. After that, we investigate lysosomal function and found that 3-MCPD induced lysosomal alkalinization. Further, we detected the expression of TFEB, which is a key nuclear transcription factor in control of lysosome biogenesis and function. We found that 3-MCPD inhibited the nuclear expression of TFEB and mRNA levels of some target genes of TFEB. In order to further verify the role of TFEB in autophagic flux blockage in HepG2 cells induced by 3-MCPD, we overexpressed TFEB by transfection with adenovirus and found that both autophagy inhibition and lysosomal alkalization induced by 3-MCPD were alleviated. These results suggested that 3-MCPD could induce the autophagic flux blockage in HepG2 cells. The possible mechanism was due to the destruction of lysosomal function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianing Lu
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Feng
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Guan
- College of Food Science and Engneering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130062, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Potential Health Benefit of Garlic Based on Human Intervention Studies: A Brief Overview. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070619. [PMID: 32679751 PMCID: PMC7402177 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Garlic is a polyphenolic and organosulfur enriched nutraceutical spice consumed since ancient times. Garlic and its secondary metabolites have shown excellent health-promoting and disease-preventing effects on many human common diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, blood pressure, and diabetes, through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and lipid-lowering properties, as demonstrated in several in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the consumption of garlic, garlic preparation, garlic extract, and garlic extract-derived bioactive constituents on oxidative stress, inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, skin, bone, and other common diseases. Among the 83 human interventional trials considered, the consumption of garlic has been reported to modulate multiple biomarkers of different diseases; in addition, its combination with drugs or other food matrices has been shown to be safe and to prolong their therapeutic effects. The rapid metabolism and poor bioavailability that have limited the therapeutic use of garlic in the last years are also discussed.
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang JX, Feng WJ, Liu GC, Ma QQ, Li HL, Gao XY, Liu HZ, Piao GC, Yuan HD. Corosolic Acid Attenuates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Inflammatory Response via AMPK/SREBPs and NF-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:579-595. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Corosolic acid (CA) is the main active component of Lagetstroemia speciosa and has been known to serve as several different pharmacological effects, such as antidiabetic, anti-oxidant, and anticancer effects. In this study, effects of CA on the hepatic lipid accumulation were examined using HepG2 cells and tyloxapol (TY)-induced hyperlipidemia ICR mice. CA significantly inhibited hepatic lipid accumulation via inhibition of SREBPs, and its target genes FAS, SCD1, and HMGCR transcription in HepG2 cells. These effects were mediated through activation of AMPK, and these effects were all abolished in the presence of compound C (CC, an AMPK inhibitor). In addition, CA clearly alleviated serum ALT, AST, TG, TC, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, and obviously attenuated TY-induced liver steatosis and inflammation. Moreover, CA significantly upregulated AMPK, ACC, LKB1 phosphorylation, and significantly inhibited lipin1, SREBPs, TNF-[Formula: see text], F4/80, caspase-1 expression, NF-[Formula: see text]B translocation, and MAPK activation in TY-induced hyperlipidemia mice. Our results suggest that CA is a potent antihyperlipidemia and antihepatic steatosis agent and the mechanism involved both lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis and inflammation response inhibition via AMPK/SREBPs and NF-[Formula: see text]B/MAPK signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai, Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Jun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai, Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| | - Guan-Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai, Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| | - Qian-Qian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai, Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Lan Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai, Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai, Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Zhe Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai, Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Chun Piao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai, Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Dan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai, Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lu J, Meng Z, Cheng B, Liu M, Tao S, Guan S. Apigenin reduces the excessive accumulation of lipids induced by palmitic acid via the AMPK signaling pathway in HepG2 cells. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:2965-2971. [PMID: 31572539 PMCID: PMC6755459 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to diseases caused by excessive accumulation of lipids in the liver with therapeutic agents derived from natural products offering an alternative treatment to conventional therapies. Among these therapeutic agents, apigenin, a natural flavonoid, has been proven to exert various beneficial biological effects. In the present study, the antiadipogenic effects of apigenin in HepG2 cells was investigated. It was demonstrated that the treatment of cells with different concentrations of apigenin for 24 h significantly decreased the palmitic acid-induced increases in total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels as well as intracellular lipid accumulation. In addition, apigenin increased the phosphorylated-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) levels but decreased the expression levels of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase, sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1, fatty acid synthase, and SREBP-2 in a concentration-dependent manner. The present findings suggested that apigenin might improve lipid metabolism by activating the AMPK/SREBP pathway to reduce lipid accumulation in the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoqun Meng
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Bijun Cheng
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Meitong Liu
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| | - Siyu Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Guan
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wan Q, Li N, Du L, Zhao R, Yi M, Xu Q, Zhou Y. Allium vegetable consumption and health: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of multiple health outcomes. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:2451-2470. [PMID: 31428334 PMCID: PMC6694434 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, our meta-analysis and other studies have suggested that allium vegetable consumption is beneficial for health, but no umbrella review has been conducted to assess the evidence of the various health benefits of allium vegetable consumption. Therefore, we conducted this umbrella review on this topic. This umbrella review included a total of 16 meta-analyses with 50 unique outcomes. The most beneficial cancer-related outcome was shown for gastric cancer (risk ratio 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67-0.91). In addition, only 8 weeks of garlic consumption significantly decreased serum total cholesterol (weighted mean differences -17.20 mg/dl; 95% CI -23.10 to -11.30), and patients with dyslipidemia who consumed garlic experienced more benefits than the whole population. Diabetic patients with longer durations of garlic intake experienced more benefits in terms of fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, and serum fructosamine than healthy participants, and garlic intake was associated with blood pressure reduction in hypertensive patients but not in normotensive participants. Limited side effects of garlic, such as garlic odor and gastrointestinal complaints, were reported among the included meta-analyses. Our results suggested that allium vegetables might be beneficial for cancer prevention. In particular, garlic was comparatively safe and is recommended as a long-term dietary component for patients with dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianyi Wan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ni Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Liang Du
- Chinese Evidence‐Based Medicine/Cochrane CenterChengduChina
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Mengshi Yi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qiushi Xu
- West China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Barattucci A, Aversa MC, Mancuso A, Salerno TMG, Bonaccorsi P. Transient Sulfenic Acids in the Synthesis of Biologically Relevant Products. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051030. [PMID: 29702582 PMCID: PMC6099585 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfenic acids as small molecules are too unstable to be isolated and their transient nature offers the possibility to involve them in concerted processes that lead to the obtainment of functional groups such as sulfoxides, sulfones, and disulfides. All these functions are present in a number of natural and synthetic drugs and can represent structural motives inducing biologically relevant properties. In this small review the generation and reactions of sulfenic acid bearing naturally occurring residues are described. Carbohydrate and aminoacid-derived sulfenic acids have been used in concerted addition with triple bonds to obtain alliin derivatives and thiosugars in enantiomerically pure form. Glycoconjugates with sulfinyl, sulfonyl, and disulfane functional groups and pyridine-derived disulfides have been obtained from bis- and tris-sulfinyl precursors of sulfenic acids. Small families of such compounds have been subjected to preliminary biological tests. Starting from the evidence that the control of molecular architecture and the presence of suitable functional groups can play a significant role on the exhibition of biological properties, apoptotic effects on malignant cells by glycoconjugates and inhibitory activity against the important human pathogen S. aureus by pyrimidine-derived disulfides have been found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Barattucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Biologiche Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina ME, Italy.
| | - Maria Chiara Aversa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Biologiche Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina ME, Italy.
| | - Aurora Mancuso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Biologiche Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina ME, Italy.
| | - Tania Maria Grazia Salerno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Biologiche Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina ME, Italy.
| | - Paola Bonaccorsi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Biologiche Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina ME, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|