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Hosseini-Fard SR, Etemad-Moghadam S, Alaeddini M, Dehpour AR, Emamgholipour S, Golestani A. Exploring the impact of naltrexone on the THBS1/eNOS/NO pathway in osteoporotic bile duct-ligated rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:48. [PMID: 38167957 PMCID: PMC10761994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50547-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatic osteodystrophy, a prevalent manifestation of metabolic bone disease, can arise in the context of chronic liver disease. The THBS1-eNOS-NO signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in the maturation of osteoclast precursors. This study aimed to investigate the impact of Naltrexone (NTX) on bone loss by examining the THBS1-eNOS-NO signaling pathways in bile duct ligated (BDL) rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 10 per group): control, sham-operated + normal saline, BDL + normal saline, sham-operated + NTX (10 mg/kg), and BDL + NTX. Parameters related to liver injury were measured at the study's conclusion, and Masson-trichrome staining was employed to evaluate collagen deposition in liver tissue. Bone THBS-1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression levels were measured using real-time PCR, while the level of bone nitric oxide (NO) was assessed through a colorimetric assay. NTX treatment significantly attenuated the BDL-induced increase in circulating levels of liver enzymes and bilirubin. THBS-1 expression levels, elevated after BDL, were significantly suppressed following NTX administration in the BDL + NTX group. Despite no alterations in eNOS expression between groups, the bone NO level, significantly decreased in the BDL group, was significantly reduced by NTX in the BDL + NTX group. This study partly provides insights into the possible molecular mechanisms in BDL-induced osteoporosis and highlights the modulating effect of NTX on these pathways. Further research is needed to establish the impact of NTX on histomorphometric indexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Reza Hosseini-Fard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahroo Etemad-Moghadam
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Alaeddini
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solaleh Emamgholipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abolfazl Golestani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Naltrexone protects against BDL-induced cirrhosis in Wistar rats by attenuating thrombospondin-1 and enhancing antioxidant defense system via Nrf-2. Life Sci 2022; 300:120576. [PMID: 35487305 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS It is well-established that thrombospondin-1 (THBS-1), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap-1), and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) are the pivotal players of liver fibrosis. Recent studies have shown that endogenous opioid levels increase during liver cirrhosis. Therefore, the present study aimed to clarify the effect of naltrexone (NTX), an opioid antagonist, on the alteration of these factors following bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced liver cirrhosis. MAIN METHODS Wistar male rats (n = 50) were categorized equally into 5 groups (baseline, sham+saline, BDL + saline, sham+NTX (10 mg/kg of body weight (BW)), and BDL + NTX (10 mg/kg of BW)). At the end of the experiment, H&E staining was used to assess necrosis and lobular damage of hepatic tissue. The gene expression of THBS-1 and NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX-1) was measured by real time-PCR and VEGF-A, Nrf-2, Keap-1, and TGF-β1 protein levels were assessed by western blot. The antioxidant enzymes activity, total oxidant status (TOS) and MDA level were measured by commercial kits. KEY FINDINGS Hepatic necrosis and lobular damage increased substantially and NTX reduced them markedly in the BDL group. Gene expression of hepatic THBS-1 and NOX-1, TOS and MDA levels increased markedly in the BDL + saline group, and Nrf-2 and VEGF-A values decreased significantly in the BDL + NTX group. NTX recovered THBS-1, NOX-1 and Nrf-2 in the BDL + NTX group, substantially (p-value ≤ 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Data showed that NTX treatment attenuates liver fibrosis mainly by lowering THBS-1 and NOX-1 and increasing Nrf-2 protein level and antioxidant enzymes.
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Moslemi Z, Bardania H, Gheitasi I, Barmoudeh Z, Omidifar N, Parvin H, Khalvati B, Fouani MH, Alipour M, Doustimotlagh AH. Liposome Extract of Stachys pilifera Benth Effectively Improved Liver Damage due to Bile Duct Ligation Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8141563. [PMID: 34707781 PMCID: PMC8545598 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8141563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herbal medicines harbor essential therapeutic agents for the treatment of cholestasis. In this study, we have assessed the anticholestatic potential of Stachys pilifera Benth's (SPB's) hydroalcoholic extract encapsulated into liposomes using bile duct ligation- (BDL-) induced hepatic cholestasis in rats. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), malondialdehyde (MDA), total thiol (T-SH) content, protein carbonyl (PCO), total bilirubin (TBIL), albumin (ALB), and nitric oxide (NO) metabolite levels were measured in either liver tissue or plasma to assess liver damage. Moreover, expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) and liver fibrosis markers (TGF-β and SM-α) which are driving forces of many liver disorders was also determined. The activity of AST, ALT, and ALP was significantly enhanced in the BDL group in comparison to the control group; however, treatment with liposomal (SPB) hydroalcoholic extract significantly reduced AST and ALT's activity. Increases in MDA, TBIL, and NO levels and T-SH content due to BDL were restored to control levels by liposomal (SPB) hydroalcoholic extract treatment. Similarly, hepatic and plasma oxidative marker MDA levels, significantly enhanced by BDL, were significantly decreased by liposomal (SPB) hydroalcoholic extract treatment. Moreover, histopathological findings further demonstrated a significant decrease in hepatic damage in the liposomal (SPB) hydroalcoholic extract-treated BDL group. In addition, liposomal (SPB) hydroalcoholic extract treatment decreased the liver expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α) and liver fibrosis markers (TGF-β and SM-α). Since liposomal (SPB) hydroalcoholic extract treatment alleviated the BDL-induced injury of the liver and improved the hepatic structure and function more efficiently in comparison to free SPB hydroalcoholic extract, probable liposomal (SPB) hydroalcoholic extract exhibits required potential therapeutic value in protecting the liver against BDL-caused oxidative injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Moslemi
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Hassan Bardania
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imamsajad Hospital, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Izadpanah Gheitasi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Zahra Barmoudeh
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Navid Omidifar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Parvin
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahman Khalvati
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Mohamad Hassan Fouani
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Alipour
- Department of Advanced Medical Sciences & Technologies, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
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Talebian R, Kampleitner C, Sagl B, Kuchler U, Dehpour AR, Gruber R. Bone healing around titanium implants in a preclinical model of bile duct ligation-induced liver injury. Clin Oral Implants Res 2021; 32:980-988. [PMID: 34114694 PMCID: PMC8453542 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Chronic liver disease increases the risk for periodontal disease and osteoporotic fractures, but its impacts on bone regeneration remain unknown. Herein, we studied the impact of liver cirrhosis on peri‐implant bone formation. Material and Methods A total of 20 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: one with the common bile duct ligated (BDL) and the respective sham‐treated control group (SHAM). After four weeks of disease induction, titanium mini‐screws were inserted into the tibia. Successful induction of liver cirrhosis was confirmed by the presence of clinical symptoms. Another four weeks later, peri‐implant bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) and bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) were determined by histomorphometric analysis. Results Peri‐implant bone formation was not significantly different between the SHAM and BDL groups. In the cortical compartment, the median percentage of peri‐implant new bone was 10.1% (95% CI of mean 4.0–35.7) and 22.5% (13.8–30.6) in the SHAM and BDL groups, respectively (p = .26). Consistently, the new bone in direct contact with the implant was 18.1% (0.4–37.8) and 23.3% (9.2–32.8) in SHAM and BDL groups, respectively (p = .38). When measuring the medullary compartment, the new bone area was 7.1% (4.8–10.4) and 10.4% (7.2–13.5) in the SHAM and BDL groups, respectively (p = .17). Medullary new bone in direct contact with the implant was 10.0% (1.2–50.4) and 20.6% (16.8–35.3) in SHAM and BDL groups, respectively, and thus comparable between the two groups (p = .46). Conclusions Bile duct ligation has no significant impact on the early stages of peri‐implant bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Talebian
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Experimental Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Carina Kampleitner
- Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt Sagl
- Department of Prosthodontics, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrike Kuchler
- Department of Oral Surgery, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Khodarahmi A, Javidmehr D, Eshaghian A, Ghoreshi ZAS, Karimollah A, Yousefi H, Moradi A. Curcumin exerts hepatoprotection via overexpression of Paraoxonase-1 and its regulatory genes in rats undergone bile duct ligation. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 32:969-977. [PMID: 34592082 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Curcumin is described as an antioxidant, hepato-protective and antifibrotic in liver fibrosis, although its mechanism is still not known. One of the models of the chronic liver disease stemming from oxidative stress and the generation of free radical has been considered to be bile duct ligation (BDL). Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a prominent antioxidant enzyme. Therefore, the objective of the present research is to assess the effects of curcumin on upregulation of PON1 in BDL rats. METHODS As predicted, the rats have been divided into the four groups of Sham, Sham + Cur (curcumin), BDL and BDL + Cur. We evaluated the efficacy of curcumin (100 mg/kg/day) on protein and gene expression of PON1 and regulatory genes contributed to the gene expression PON1 such as Sp1, PKCα, SREBP-2, AhR, JNK and regulation PON1 activity gene expression of Apo A1. RESULTS Curcumin attenuated alterations in liver histology, hepatic enzymes and the mRNA expression of fibrotic markers (p<0.05). In addition, curcumin increased significantly mRNA, protein expression of PON1 and mRNA of the genes that are contributed to the expression of PON1 such as Sp1, PKCα, SREBP-2, AhR, JNK and increased PON1 activity through upregulation of Apo A1 (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Cirrhosis progression may be inhibited by treatment with curcumin through the increased influence the expression and activity of PON1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Khodarahmi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Davoud Javidmehr
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Azam Eshaghian
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Zohreh-Al-Sadat Ghoreshi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Alireza Karimollah
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Moradi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
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Chang ML, Yang Z, Yang SS. Roles of Adipokines in Digestive Diseases: Markers of Inflammation, Metabolic Alteration and Disease Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218308. [PMID: 33167521 PMCID: PMC7663948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a highly dynamic endocrine tissue and constitutes a central node in the interorgan crosstalk network through adipokines, which cause pleiotropic effects, including the modulation of angiogenesis, metabolism, and inflammation. Specifically, digestive cancers grow anatomically near adipose tissue. During their interaction with cancer cells, adipocytes are reprogrammed into cancer-associated adipocytes and secrete adipokines to affect tumor cells. Moreover, the liver is the central metabolic hub. Adipose tissue and the liver cooperatively regulate whole-body energy homeostasis via adipokines. Obesity, the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue due to hyperplasia and hypertrophy, is currently considered a global epidemic and is related to low-grade systemic inflammation characterized by altered adipokine regulation. Obesity-related digestive diseases, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, Barrett’s esophagus, esophageal cancer, colon polyps and cancer, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis-related diseases, cholelithiasis, gallbladder cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and diabetes, might cause specific alterations in adipokine profiles. These patterns and associated bases potentially contribute to the identification of prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic approaches for the associated digestive diseases. This review highlights important findings about altered adipokine profiles relevant to digestive diseases, including hepatic, pancreatic, gastrointestinal, and biliary tract diseases, with a perspective on clinical implications and mechanistic explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ling Chang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-328-1200 (ext. 8108); Fax: +886-3-327-2236
| | - Zinger Yang
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA;
| | - Sien-Sing Yang
- Liver Center, Cathay General Hospital Medical Center, Taipei 10630, Taiwan;
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Opioids have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of fracture. The purpose of this paper is to review recent research into the effects of opioids on bone formation and bone healing in animal models and in human studies. RECENT FINDINGS Most opioids, such as morphine and fentanyl, negatively affected bone remodeling and bone healing in animal models. Conversely, remifentanil has been recently shown to promote in vitro osteoblast differentiation and to inhibit differentiation and maturation of osteoclasts, therefore reducing bone resorption. According to the possible negative role of opioids in bone healing, opioid antagonists have been shown to enhance bone mineralization, suggesting a possible therapeutic role in the future for osteoporosis. Other neuropeptides, such as the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and the neuropeptide Y (NPY), have been proved to promote osteogenesis. The increased risk of fractures among opioid users may be related to their central nervous system side effects or to the reduced bone density, partly due to their endocrine effects, and partly to their direct activity on bone cells. Clinical data strongly suggested a potential negative effect of opioids in bone healing. The risk of nonunion fracture is significantly increased in opioid users, and bone mass density was reduced in patients under long-term opioid treatment. The direct effects of opioids on bone remodeling appears evident from these reports. Not all opioids have the same potential for negatively impacting bone healing. Opioid antagonists may increase bone density and could represent a possible future treatment for low bone mass density pathologies. However, further trials are warranted to clarify the clinical relevance of these emerging findings from animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaminia Coluzzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy.
- Unit of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, AUSL Latina c/o ICOT, Latina, Italy.
| | - Maria Sole Scerpa
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
- Unit of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, AUSL Latina c/o ICOT, Latina, Italy
| | - Marco Centanni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Santa Maria Goretti Hospital, AUSL Latina, Latina, Italy
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