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Wu W, Meng F, Zhang H, Tian H, Zhang X. Neutrophil PPIF exacerbates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury after lung transplantation by promoting calcium overload-induced neutrophil extracellular traps formation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 142:113051. [PMID: 39236457 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Lung ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is the main risk factor for primary graft dysfunction and patient death after lung transplantation (LTx). It is widely accepted that the main pathological mechanism of lung I/R injury are calcium overload, oxygen free radical explosion and neutrophil-mediated damage, which leading to the lack of effective treatment options. The aim of this study was to further explore the mechanisms of lung I/R injury after LTx and to provide potential therapeutic strategies. Our bioinformatics analysis revealed that the neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation was closely involved in lung I/R injury after LTx, which was accompanied by up-regulation of peptidylprolyl isomerase F (PPIF) and peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PADI4). We further established an orthotopic LTx mouse model to simulate lung I/R injury in vivo, and found that PPIF and PADI4 inhibitors effectively reduced neutrophil infiltration, NETs formation, inflammatory response, and lung I/R injury. In the neutrophil model induced by HL-60 cell line in vitro, we found that PPIF inhibitor cyclosporin A (Cys A) better alleviated calcium overload induced inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species content and NETs formation. Further study demonstrated that interfering with neutrophil PPIF protected mitochondrial function by alleviating store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) during calcium overload and played the above positive role. On this basis, we found that the reduction of calcium content in neutrophils was accompanied by the inhibition of calcineurin (CN) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). In conclusion, our findings suggested that neutrophil PPIF could serve as a novel biomarker and potential therapeutic target of lung I/R injury after LTx, which provided new clues for its treatment by inhibiting calcium overload-induced NETs formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensi Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Fanqing Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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2
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Raut S, Singh K, Sanghvi S, Loyo-Celis V, Varghese L, Singh E, Gururaja Rao S, Singh H. Chloride ions in health and disease. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20240029. [PMID: 38573803 PMCID: PMC11065649 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20240029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Chloride is a key anion involved in cellular physiology by regulating its homeostasis and rheostatic processes. Changes in cellular Cl- concentration result in differential regulation of cellular functions such as transcription and translation, post-translation modifications, cell cycle and proliferation, cell volume, and pH levels. In intracellular compartments, Cl- modulates the function of lysosomes, mitochondria, endosomes, phagosomes, the nucleus, and the endoplasmic reticulum. In extracellular fluid (ECF), Cl- is present in blood/plasma and interstitial fluid compartments. A reduction in Cl- levels in ECF can result in cell volume contraction. Cl- is the key physiological anion and is a principal compensatory ion for the movement of the major cations such as Na+, K+, and Ca2+. Over the past 25 years, we have increased our understanding of cellular signaling mediated by Cl-, which has helped in understanding the molecular and metabolic changes observed in pathologies with altered Cl- levels. Here, we review the concentration of Cl- in various organs and cellular compartments, ion channels responsible for its transportation, and recent information on its physiological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish K. Raut
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Kulwinder Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Shridhar Sanghvi
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
- Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Veronica Loyo-Celis
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Liyah Varghese
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Ekam R. Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | | | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
- Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
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3
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Kadam A, Jadiya P, Tomar D. Post-translational modifications and protein quality control of mitochondrial channels and transporters. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1196466. [PMID: 37601094 PMCID: PMC10434574 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1196466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a critical role in energy metabolism and signal transduction, which is tightly regulated by proteins, metabolites, and ion fluxes. Metabolites and ion homeostasis are mainly mediated by channels and transporters present on mitochondrial membranes. Mitochondria comprise two distinct compartments, the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) and the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), which have differing permeabilities to ions and metabolites. The OMM is semipermeable due to the presence of non-selective molecular pores, while the IMM is highly selective and impermeable due to the presence of specialized channels and transporters which regulate ion and metabolite fluxes. These channels and transporters are modulated by various post-translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation, oxidative modifications, ions, and metabolites binding, glycosylation, acetylation, and others. Additionally, the mitochondrial protein quality control (MPQC) system plays a crucial role in ensuring efficient molecular flux through the mitochondrial membranes by selectively removing mistargeted or defective proteins. Inefficient functioning of the transporters and channels in mitochondria can disrupt cellular homeostasis, leading to the onset of various pathological conditions. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of mitochondrial channels and transporters in terms of their functions, PTMs, and quality control mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlesha Kadam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Pooja Jadiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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4
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Cao Y, Redd MA, Fang C, Mizikovsky D, Li X, Macdonald PS, King GF, Palpant NJ. New Drug Targets and Preclinical Modelling Recommendations for Treating Acute Myocardial Infarction. Heart Lung Circ 2023:S1443-9506(23)00139-7. [PMID: 37230806 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and the primary underlying risk factor for heart failure. Despite decades of research and clinical trials, there are no drugs currently available to prevent organ damage from acute ischaemic injuries of the heart. In order to address the increasing global burden of heart failure, drug, gene, and cell-based regeneration technologies are advancing into clinical testing. In this review we highlight the burden of disease associated with AMI and the therapeutic landscape based on market analyses. New studies revealing the role of acid-sensitive cardiac ion channels and other proton-gated ion channels in cardiac ischaemia are providing renewed interest in pre- and post-conditioning agents with novel mechanisms of action that may also have implications for gene- and cell-based therapeutics. Furthermore, we present guidelines that couple new cell technologies and data resources with traditional animal modelling pipelines to help de-risk drug candidates aimed at treating AMI. We propose that improved preclinical pipelines and increased investment in drug target identification for AMI is critical to stem the increasing global health burden of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhao Cao
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Meredith A Redd
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Chen Fang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Dalia Mizikovsky
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Xichun Li
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Peter S Macdonald
- Cardiopulmonary Transplant Unit, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glenn F King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Nathan J Palpant
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
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5
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Szabo I, Szewczyk A. Mitochondrial Ion Channels. Annu Rev Biophys 2023; 52:229-254. [PMID: 37159294 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-092622-094853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are involved in multiple cellular tasks, such as ATP synthesis, metabolism, metabolite and ion transport, regulation of apoptosis, inflammation, signaling, and inheritance of mitochondrial DNA. The majority of the correct functioning of mitochondria is based on the large electrochemical proton gradient, whose component, the inner mitochondrial membrane potential, is strictly controlled by ion transport through mitochondrial membranes. Consequently, mitochondrial function is critically dependent on ion homeostasis, the disturbance of which leads to abnormal cell functions. Therefore, the discovery of mitochondrial ion channels influencing ion permeability through the membrane has defined a new dimension of the function of ion channels in different cell types, mainly linked to the important tasks that mitochondrial ion channels perform in cell life and death. This review summarizes studies on animal mitochondrial ion channels with special focus on their biophysical properties, molecular identity, and regulation. Additionally, the potential of mitochondrial ion channels as therapeutic targets for several diseases is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy;
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland;
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6
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Structure-based discovery and in vitro validation of inhibitors of chloride intracellular channel 4 protein. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 21:688-701. [PMID: 36659928 PMCID: PMC9826898 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of computer-aided methods have continued to propel accelerated drug discovery across various disease models, interestingly allowing the specific inhibition of pathogenic targets. Chloride Intracellular Channel Protein 4 (CLIC4) is a novel class of intracellular ion channel highly implicated in tumor and vascular biology. It regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis; and is involved in multiple pathologic signaling pathways. Absence of specific inhibitors however impedes its advancement to translational research. Here, we integrate structural bioinformatics and experimental research approaches for the discovery and validation of small-molecule inhibitors of CLIC4. High-affinity allosteric binders were identified from a library of 1615 Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs via a high-performance computing-powered blind-docking approach, resulting in the selection of amphotericin B and rapamycin. NMR assays confirmed the binding and conformational disruptive effects of both drugs while they also reversed stress-induced membrane translocation of CLIC4 and inhibited endothelial cell migration. Structural and dynamics simulation studies further revealed that the inhibitory mechanisms of these compounds were hinged on the allosteric modulation of the catalytic glutathione (GSH)-like site loop and the extended catalytic β loop which may elicit interference with the catalytic activities of CLIC4. Structure-based insights from this study provide the basis for the selective targeting of CLIC4 to treat the associated pathologies.
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Key Words
- A9C, 9-Anthracenecarboxylic acid
- AMPhB, Amphotericin B
- Ad, Adenovirus
- Allosteric inhibition
- Bad, BCL2 associated agonist of cell death
- Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2
- Bcl-xL, B-cell lymphoma-extra large
- CDK, Cyclin-dependent kinases
- CLIC, Chloride intracellular channel protein
- Chloride intracellular channel protein 4
- Computational high-throughput screening
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- DIDS, 4,4′-Diisothiocyano-2,2′-stilbenedisulfonic acid
- DMSO, Dimethyl sulfoxide
- DOPE, Discrete optimized protein energy
- GPU, Graphics Processing Unit
- GSH-like catalytic site
- GST, glutathione S-transferases
- GUI, Graphical User Interface
- HEPES, (4-(2-hydroxyethyl)− 1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid;
- HIF, Hypoxia-inducible factor
- HSQC, Heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy
- HUVEC, Human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- IKKβ, Inhibitor of nuclear kappa-B-kinase subunit beta
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase
- MKK6, Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-6
- MOI, Multiplicity of infection
- NF-κB, Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
- NMR, Nuclear magnetic resonance
- NPT, The constant-temperature, constant-pressure ensemble
- NaCL, Sodium chloride
- Nuclear magnetic resonance
- PAH, Pulmonary arterial hypertension
- RAPA, Rapamycin
- SASA, Solvent accessible surface area
- SEK1, Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4
- Smad, Suppressor of Mothers against Decapentaplegic
- Structure-based drug discovery
- TEV, Tobacco etch virus
- TIP3P, Transferable intermolecular potential 3 P
- TROSY, Transverse relaxation optimized spectroscopy
- UCSF, University of California, San Francisco
- VEGF, Vascular endothelial growth factor
- p38, Mitogen activated protein kinases
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7
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Alvi SB, Sridharan D, Shalaan MT, Sanghvi SK, Mergaye M, Ahmed U, Mikula SK, Singh H, Khan M. Modulation of Mitochondrial Bioenergetics by Polydopamine Nanoparticles in Human iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53451-53461. [PMID: 36399764 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) leads to the formation of an akinetic scar on the heart muscle causing impairment in cardiac contractility and conductance, leading to cardiac remodeling and heart failure (HF). The current pharmacological approaches for attenuating MI are limited and often come with long-term adverse effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel multimodal therapeutics capable of modulating cardiac activity without causing any major adverse effects. In the current study, we have demonstrated the applicability of polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA-NPs) as a bioactive agent that can enhance the contractility and beat propagation of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Treatment of hiPSC-CMs with PDA-NPs demonstrated accumulation of the latter into mitochondria and significantly enhanced time-dependent adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in these cells, indicating improved mitochondrial bioenergetics. Furthermore, the effect of PDA-NPs on hiPSC-CM activity was evaluated by measuring calcium transients. Treatment with PDA-NPs increased the calcium cycling in hiPSC-CMs in a temporal manner. Our results demonstrated a significant reduction in peak amplitude, transient duration, time to peak, and transient decay time in the PDA-NPs-treated hiPSC-CMs as compared to untreated hiPSC-CMs. Additionally, treatment of isolated perfused rat heart ex vivo with PDA-NPs demonstrated cardiotonic effects on the heart and significantly improved the hemodynamic function, suggesting its potential for enhancing whole heart contractility. Lastly, the gene expression analysis data revealed that PDA-NPs significantly upregulated cardiac-specific genes (ACADM, MYL2, MYC, HCN1, MYL7, GJA5, and PDHA1) demonstrating the ability to modulate genetic expression of cardiomyocytes. Taken together, these findings suggest PDA-NPs capability as a versatile nanomaterial with potential uses in next-generation cardiovascular applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Baseeruddin Alvi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Divya Sridharan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mahmoud T Shalaan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Shridhar K Sanghvi
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Muhamad Mergaye
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Uzair Ahmed
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Sarah K Mikula
- Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mahmood Khan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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8
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Ponnalagu D, Hamilton S, Sanghvi S, Antelo D, Schwieterman N, Hansra I, Xu X, Gao E, Edwards JC, Bansal SS, Wold LE, Terentyev D, Janssen PML, Hund TJ, Khan M, Kohut AR, Koch WJ, Singh H. CLIC4 localizes to mitochondrial-associated membranes and mediates cardioprotection. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo1244. [PMID: 36269835 PMCID: PMC9586484 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial-associated membranes (MAMs) are known to modulate organellar and cellular functions and can subsequently affect pathophysiology including myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Thus, identifying molecular targets in MAMs that regulate the outcome of IR injury will hold a key to efficient therapeutics. Here, we found chloride intracellular channel protein (CLIC4) presence in MAMs of cardiomyocytes and demonstrate its role in modulating ER and mitochondrial calcium homeostasis under physiological and pathological conditions. In a murine model, loss of CLIC4 increased myocardial infarction and substantially reduced cardiac function after IR injury. CLIC4 null cardiomyocytes showed increased apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction upon hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in comparison to wild-type cardiomyocytes. Overall, our results indicate that MAM-CLIC4 is a key mediator of cellular response to IR injury and therefore may have a potential implication on other pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devasena Ponnalagu
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shanna Hamilton
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shridhar Sanghvi
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Diego Antelo
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Neill Schwieterman
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Inderjot Hansra
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xianyao Xu
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Internal Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John C. Edwards
- Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shyam S. Bansal
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Loren E. Wold
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Paul M. L. Janssen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas J. Hund
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Internal Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mahmood Khan
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrew R. Kohut
- Penn Heart and Vascular Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Walter J. Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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9
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Abstract
Mitochondria have been recognized as key organelles in cardiac physiology and are potential targets for clinical interventions to improve cardiac function. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been accepted as a major contributor to the development of heart failure. The main function of mitochondria is to meet the high energy demands of the heart by oxidative metabolism. Ionic homeostasis in mitochondria directly regulates oxidative metabolism, and any disruption in ionic homeostasis causes mitochondrial dysfunction and eventually contractile failure. The mitochondrial ionic homeostasis is closely coupled with inner mitochondrial membrane potential. To regulate and maintain ionic homeostasis, mitochondrial membranes are equipped with ion transporting proteins. Ion transport mechanisms involving several different ion channels and transporters are highly efficient and dynamic, thus helping to maintain the ionic homeostasis of ions as well as their salts present in the mitochondrial matrix. In recent years, several novel proteins have been identified on the mitochondrial membranes and these proteins are actively being pursued in research for roles in the organ as well as organelle physiology. In this article, the role of mitochondrial ion channels in cardiac function is reviewed. In recent times, the major focus of the mitochondrial ion channel field is to establish molecular identities as well as assigning specific functions to them. Given the diversity of mitochondrial ion channels and their unique roles in cardiac function, they present novel and viable therapeutic targets for cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
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10
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Xue Y, Liu H, Yang XX, Pang L, Liu J, Ng KTP, Yeung OWH, Lam YF, Zhang WY, Lo CM, Man K. Inhibition of Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1A Aggravates Fatty Liver Graft Injury via Promoting Mitochondrial Permeability Transition. Transplantation 2021; 105:550-560. [PMID: 32890136 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic steatosis is a major risk factor for graft failure due to increased susceptibility of fatty liver to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) during transplantation. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) in fatty liver graft injury and to explore the underlying mechanism and therapeutic potential on attenuating hepatic IRI. METHODS Intragraft CPT1A expression profile and the association with fatty graft injury were investigated in human and rat liver transplantation samples. The underlying mechanism and therapeutic potential of CPT1A activator against IRI were also explored in mouse hepatic ischemia-reperfusion plus major hepatectomy model and in in vitro. RESULTS CPT1A expression was significantly reduced (P = 0.0019; n = 96) in human fatty liver graft compared with normal one at early phase after transplantation. Low expression of CPT1A was significantly associated with high serum alanine aminotransferase (P = 0.0144) and aspartate aminotransferase (P = 0.0060) levels. The inhibited CPT1A and poor liver function were consistently observed in rat and mouse models with fatty livers. Furthermore, inhibition of CPT1A significantly promoted the translocation of chloride intracellular channel 1 to form chloride ion channel. The dysregulation of chloride ion channel activity subsequently triggered mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore opening, exacerbated cellular oxidative stress, and energy depletion. Importantly, our intravital confocal imaging showed that CPT1A activation attenuated hepatic injury through preventing MPT after reperfusion in fatty mice. CONCLUSIONS CPT1A inhibition triggered MPT contributed to severe IRI in fatty liver graft. CPT1A restoration may offer therapeutic potential on attenuating hepatic IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xue
- Department of Surgery, HKU-SZH &LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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11
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Mitochondrial osmoregulation in evolution, cation transport and metabolism. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148368. [PMID: 33422486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a retrospective on the role of osmotic regulation in the process of eukaryogenesis. Specifically, it focuses on the adjustments which must have been made by the original colonizing α-proteobacteria that led to the evolution of modern mitochondria. We focus on the cations that are fundamentally involved in volume determination and cellular metabolism and define the transporter landscape in relation to these ions in mitochondria as we know today. We provide analysis on how the cations interplay and together maintain osmotic balance that allows for effective ATP synthesis in the organelle.
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12
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Ponnalagu D, Singh H. Insights Into the Role of Mitochondrial Ion Channels in Inflammatory Response. Front Physiol 2020; 11:258. [PMID: 32327997 PMCID: PMC7160495 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the source of many pro-inflammatory signals that cause the activation of the immune system and generate inflammatory responses. They are also potential targets of pro-inflammatory mediators, thus triggering a severe inflammatory response cycle. As mitochondria are a central hub for immune system activation, their dysfunction leads to many inflammatory disorders. Thus, strategies aiming at regulating mitochondrial dysfunction can be utilized as a therapeutic tool to cure inflammatory disorders. Two key factors that determine the structural and functional integrity of mitochondria are mitochondrial ion channels and transporters. They are not only important for maintaining the ionic homeostasis of the cell, but also play a role in regulating reactive oxygen species generation, ATP production, calcium homeostasis and apoptosis, which are common pro-inflammatory signals. The significance of the mitochondrial ion channels in inflammatory response is still not clearly understood and will need further investigation. In this article, we review the different mechanisms by which mitochondria can generate the inflammatory response as well as highlight how mitochondrial ion channels modulate these mechanisms and impact the inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devasena Ponnalagu
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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Gururaja Rao S, Patel NJ, Singh H. Intracellular Chloride Channels: Novel Biomarkers in Diseases. Front Physiol 2020; 11:96. [PMID: 32116799 PMCID: PMC7034325 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels are integral membrane proteins present on the plasma membrane as well as intracellular membranes. In the human genome, there are more than 400 known genes encoding ion channel proteins. Ion channels are known to regulate several cellular, organellar, and physiological processes. Any mutation or disruption in their function can result in pathological disorders, both common or rare. Ion channels present on the plasma membrane are widely acknowledged for their role in various biological processes, but in recent years, several studies have pointed out the importance of ion channels located in intracellular organelles. However, ion channels located in intracellular organelles are not well-understood in the context of physiological conditions, such as the generation of cellular excitability and ionic homeostasis. Due to the lack of information regarding their molecular identity and technical limitations of studying them, intracellular organelle ion channels have thus far been overlooked as potential therapeutic targets. In this review, we focus on a novel class of intracellular organelle ion channels, Chloride Intracellular Ion Channels (CLICs), mainly documented for their role in cardiovascular, neurophysiology, and tumor biology. CLICs have a single transmembrane domain, and in cells, they exist in cytosolic as well as membranous forms. They are predominantly present in intracellular organelles and have recently been shown to be localized to cardiomyocyte mitochondria as well as exosomes. In fact, a member of this family, CLIC5, is the first mitochondrial chloride channel to be identified on the molecular level in the inner mitochondrial membrane, while another member, CLIC4, is located predominantly in the outer mitochondrial membrane. In this review, we discuss this unique class of intracellular chloride channels, their role in pathologies, such as cardiovascular, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases, and the recent developments concerning their usage as theraputic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubha Gururaja Rao
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Neel J Patel
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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