1
|
Jia ZC, Yang X, Wu YK, Li M, Das D, Chen MX, Wu J. The Art of Finding the Right Drug Target: Emerging Methods and Strategies. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:896-914. [PMID: 38866560 PMCID: PMC11334170 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.001028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug targets are specific molecules in biological tissues and body fluids that interact with drugs. Drug target discovery is a key component of drug discovery and is essential for the development of new drugs in areas such as cancer therapy and precision medicine. Traditional in vitro or in vivo target discovery methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive, limiting the pace of drug discovery. With the development of modern discovery methods, the discovery and application of various emerging technologies have greatly improved the efficiency of drug discovery, shortened the cycle time, and reduced the cost. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various emerging drug target discovery strategies, including computer-assisted approaches, drug affinity response target stability, multiomics analysis, gene editing, and nonsense-mediated mRNA degradation, and discusses the effectiveness and limitations of the various approaches, as well as their application in real cases. Through the review of the aforementioned contents, a general overview of the development of novel drug targets and disease treatment strategies will be provided, and a theoretical basis will be provided for those who are engaged in pharmaceutical science research. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Target-based drug discovery has been the main approach to drug discovery in the pharmaceutical industry for the past three decades. Traditional drug target discovery methods based on in vivo or in vitro validation are time-consuming and costly, greatly limiting the development of new drugs. Therefore, the development and selection of new methods in the drug target discovery process is crucial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Chang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (Z.-C.J., X.Y., Y.-K.W., M.-X.C., J.W.); The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (D.D.); and State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China (M.L.)
| | - Xue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (Z.-C.J., X.Y., Y.-K.W., M.-X.C., J.W.); The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (D.D.); and State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China (M.L.)
| | - Yi-Kun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (Z.-C.J., X.Y., Y.-K.W., M.-X.C., J.W.); The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (D.D.); and State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China (M.L.)
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (Z.-C.J., X.Y., Y.-K.W., M.-X.C., J.W.); The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (D.D.); and State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China (M.L.)
| | - Debatosh Das
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (Z.-C.J., X.Y., Y.-K.W., M.-X.C., J.W.); The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (D.D.); and State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China (M.L.) ;
| | - Mo-Xian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (Z.-C.J., X.Y., Y.-K.W., M.-X.C., J.W.); The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (D.D.); and State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China (M.L.) ;
| | - Jian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (Z.-C.J., X.Y., Y.-K.W., M.-X.C., J.W.); The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee (D.D.); and State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China (M.L.) ;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Y, Meng Y, Zhang J, Gu L, Shen S, Zhu Y, Wang J. Pharmacology Progresses and Applications of Chloroquine in Cancer Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:6777-6809. [PMID: 38983131 PMCID: PMC11232884 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s458910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Chloroquine is a common antimalarial drug and is listed in the World Health Organization Standard List of Essential Medicines because of its safety, low cost and ease of use. Besides its antimalarial property, chloroquine also was used in anti-inflammatory and antivirus, especially in antitumor therapy. A mount of data showed that chloroquine mainly relied on autophagy inhibition to exert its antitumor effects. However, recently, more and more researches have revealed that chloroquine acts through other mechanisms that are autophagy-independent. Nevertheless, the current reviews lacked a comprehensive summary of the antitumor mechanism and combined pharmacotherapy of chloroquine. So here we focused on the antitumor properties of chloroquine, summarized the pharmacological mechanisms of antitumor progression of chloroquine dependent or independent of autophagy inhibition. Moreover, we also discussed the side effects and possible application developments of chloroquine. This review provided a more systematic and cutting-edge knowledge involved in the anti-tumor mechanisms and combined pharmacotherapy of chloroquine in hope of carrying out more in-depth exploration of chloroquine and obtaining more clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Junzhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwei Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengnan Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Jigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ebrahimnezhad M, Valizadeh A, Majidinia M, Tabnak P, Yousefi B. Unveiling the potential of FOXO3 in lung cancer: From molecular insights to therapeutic prospects. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116833. [PMID: 38843589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer poses a significant challenge regarding molecular heterogeneity, as it encompasses a wide range of molecular alterations and cancer-related pathways. Recent discoveries made it feasible to thoroughly investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying lung cancer, giving rise to the possibility of novel therapeutic strategies relying on molecularly targeted drugs. In this context, forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), a member of forkhead transcription factors, has emerged as a crucial protein commonly dysregulated in cancer cells. The regulation of the FOXO3 in reacting to external stimuli plays a key role in maintaining cellular homeostasis as a component of the molecular machinery that determines whether cells will survive or dies. Indeed, various extrinsic cues regulate FOXO3, affecting its subcellular location and transcriptional activity. These regulations are mediated by diverse signaling pathways, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and protein interactions that eventually drive post-transcriptional modification of FOXO3. Nevertheless, while it is no doubt that FOXO3 is implicated in numerous aspects of lung cancer, it is unclear whether they act as tumor suppressors, promotors, or both based on the situation. However, FOXO3 serves as an intriguing possible target in lung cancer therapeutics while widely used anti-cancer chemo drugs can regulate it. In this review, we describe a summary of recent findings on molecular mechanisms of FOXO3 to clarify that targeting its activity might hold promise in lung cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ebrahimnezhad
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Amir Valizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Peyman Tabnak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang B, Zou F, Xin G, Xiang BL, Zhao JQ, Yuan SF, Zhang XL, Zhang ZH. STS ⅡA inhibited angiogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma by activating FOXO3 to inhibit CXCL1/STAT3/VEGF pathway. Toxicon 2024; 240:107627. [PMID: 38253207 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most popular type of lung cancer. Sulfotanshinone IIA sodium (STS IIA) has been proven to have an anticancer effect. However, its role in LUAD and its underlying mechanism remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role and mechanism of STS IIA in LUAD angiogenesis. METHODS The mRNA levels of genes, including forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) and chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 1 (CXCL1), were detected by qRT-PCR. The levels of proteins, including FOXO3, CXCL1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), were measured by Western blot. The proliferation and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were detected by the EdU assay and the tubule formation assay, respectively. The binding relationship between FOXO3 and CXCL1 was detected by dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Our results illustrated that different concentrations of STS IIA inhibited the proliferation and angiogenesis of HUVECs. FOXO3 regulated the proliferation and angiogenesis of HUVECs inhibited by STS ⅡA via targeting CXCL1. Subsequently, we proved that exogenous CXCL1 alleviated the inhibition of proliferation and angiogenesis of HUVECs regulated by STS IIA via activating the STAT3/VEGF pathway. Finally, we found that STS IIA inhibited the angiogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma though FOXO3 to inhibit the CXCL1/STAT3/VEGF pathway. CONCLUSION Our study finally elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism by which STS ⅡA inhibits LUAD angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bu Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern College, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Fang Zou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern College, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Gu Xin
- Department of Neurology physician, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern College, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Bao-Li Xiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern College, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Jian-Qing Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern College, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Sheng-Fang Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern College, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Xiu-Long Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern College, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hua Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern College, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Low LE, Kong CK, Yap WH, Siva SP, Gan SH, Siew WS, Ming LC, Lai-Foenander AS, Chang SK, Lee WL, Wu Y, Khaw KY, Ong YS, Tey BT, Singh SK, Dua K, Chellappan DK, Goh BH. Hydroxychloroquine: Key therapeutic advances and emerging nanotechnological landscape for cancer mitigation. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 386:110750. [PMID: 37839513 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a unique class of medications that has been widely utilized for the treatment of cancer. HCQ plays a dichotomous role by inhibiting autophagy induced by the tumor microenvironment (TME). Preclinical studies support the use of HCQ for anti-cancer therapy, especially in combination with conventional anti-cancer treatments since they sensitize tumor cells to drugs, potentiating the therapeutic activity. However, clinical evidence has suggested poor outcomes for HCQ due to various obstacles, including non-specific distribution, low aqueous solubility and low bioavailability at target sites, transport across tissue barriers, and retinal toxicity. These issues are addressable via the integration of HCQ with nanotechnology to produce HCQ-conjugated nanomedicines. This review aims to discuss the pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic and antitumor properties of HCQ. Furthermore, the antitumor performance of the nanoformulated HCQ is also reviewed thoroughly, aiming to serve as a guide for the HCQ-based enhanced treatment of cancers. The nanoencapsulation or nanoconjugation of HCQ with nanoassemblies appears to be a promising method for reducing the toxicity and improving the antitumor efficacy of HCQ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ee Low
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Advanced Engineering Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Monash-Industry Plant Oils Research Laboratory (MIPO), Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Chee Kei Kong
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Wei-Hsum Yap
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Sangeetaprivya P Siva
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Wei Sheng Siew
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ashley Sean Lai-Foenander
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Sui Kiat Chang
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kampar, 31900, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Wai-Leng Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Yongjiang Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China.
| | - Kooi-Yeong Khaw
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Yong Sze Ong
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Beng Ti Tey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Advanced Engineering Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T Road, Phagwara, Punjab, India; Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), 57000 Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China; Sunway Biofunctional Molecules Discovery Centre (SBMDC), School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hydroxychloroquine lowers Alzheimer's disease and related dementias risk and rescues molecular phenotypes related to Alzheimer's disease. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:1312-1326. [PMID: 36577843 PMCID: PMC10005941 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01912-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We recently nominated cytokine signaling through the Janus-kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway as a potential AD drug target. As hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has recently been shown to inactivate STAT3, we hypothesized that it may impact AD pathogenesis and risk. Among 109,124 rheumatoid arthritis patients from routine clinical care, HCQ initiation was associated with a lower risk of incident AD compared to methotrexate initiation across 4 alternative analyses schemes addressing specific types of biases including informative censoring, reverse causality, and outcome misclassification (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] of 0.92 [0.83-1.00], 0.87 [0.81-0.93], 0.84 [0.76-0.93], and 0.87 [0.75-1.01]). We additionally show that HCQ exerts dose-dependent effects on late long-term potentiation (LTP) and rescues impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity prior to significant accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurodegeneration in APP/PS1 mice. Additionally, HCQ treatment enhances microglial clearance of Aβ1-42, lowers neuroinflammation, and reduces tau phosphorylation in cell culture-based phenotypic assays. Finally, we show that HCQ inactivates STAT3 in microglia, neurons, and astrocytes suggesting a plausible mechanism associated with its observed effects on AD pathogenesis. HCQ, a relatively safe and inexpensive drug in current use may be a promising disease-modifying AD treatment. This hypothesis merits testing through adequately powered clinical trials in at-risk individuals during preclinical stages of disease progression.
Collapse
|
7
|
Qi J, Li J, Bie B, Shi M, Zhu M, Tian J, Zhu K, Sun J, Mu Y, Li Z, Guo Y. miR-3,178 contributes to the therapeutic action of baicalein against hepatocellular carcinoma cells via modulating HDAC10. Phytother Res 2023; 37:295-309. [PMID: 36070933 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of hepatic malignancies with high mortality and poor prognosis. Baicalein, one of the major and bioactive flavonoids isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, which is reported to have anti-proliferation effect in varying cancers, including HCC, whose underlying molecular mechanism is still largely unknown. In this study, we found that baicalein significantly inhibited proliferation and colony formation, blocked cell cycle, and promoted apoptosis in HCC cells MHCC-97H and SMMC-7721 in vitro and reduced tumor volume and weight in vivo. Increased microRNA (miR)-3,178 levels and decreased histone deacetylase 10 (HDAC10) expression were found in cells treated with baicalein and in patients' HCC tissues. HDAC10 was identified as a target gene of miR-3,178 by luciferase activity and western blot. Both baicalein treatment and overexpression of miR-3,178 could downregulate HDAC10 protein expression and inactivated AKT, MDM2/p53/Bcl2/Bax and FoxO3α/p27/CDK2/Cyclin E1 signal pathways. Not only that, knockdown of miR-3,178 could partly abolish the effects of baicalein and the restoration of HDAC10 could abated miR-3,178-mediated role in HCC cells. Collectively, baicalein inhibits cell viability, blocks cell cycle, and induces apoptosis in HCC cells by regulating the miR-3,178/HDAC10 pathway. This finding indicated that baicalein might be promising for treatment of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junan Qi
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,The First Ward of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic and Spleen Surgery, Baoji Municipal Central Hospital, Baoji, China
| | - Jun Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Beibei Bie
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Medical School, Xi'an Peihua University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengjiao Shi
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengchen Zhu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Tian
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Jin Sun
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanhua Mu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, Xi'an, China
| | - Zongfang Li
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Disease-Related Gene, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Guo
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatic & Splenic Diseases, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jin C, Gao BB, Zhou WJ, Zhao BJ, Fang X, Yang CL, Wang XH, Xia Q, Liu TT. Hydroxychloroquine attenuates autoimmune hepatitis by suppressing the interaction of GRK2 with PI3K in T lymphocytes. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:972397. [PMID: 36188529 PMCID: PMC9520598 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.972397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is derivative of the heterocyclic aromatic compound quinoline, which has been used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. The central purpose of this study was to investigate therapeutic effects and inflammatory immunological molecular mechanism of HCQ in experimental autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Treatment with HCQ ameliorated hepatic pathologic damage, inflammatory infiltration, while promoted regulatory T cell (Treg) and down-regulated CD8+T cell differentiation in AIH mice induced by S-100 antigen. In vitro, HCQ also suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-12) secretion, promoted anti-inflammatory cytokine (TGF-β1) secretion. HCQ mainly impaired T cell lipid metabolism but not glycolysis to promote Treg differentiation and function. Mechanistically, HCQ down-regulated GRK2 membrane translocation in T cells, inhibited GRK2-PI3K interaction to reduce the PI3K recruiting to the membrane, followed by suppressing the phosphorylation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signal. Pretreating T cells with paroxetine, a GRK2 inhibitor, disturbed HCQ effect to T cells. HCQ also reversed the activation of the PI3K-AKT axis by 740 Y-P (PI3K agonist). Meanwhile, HCQ inhibited the PI3K-AKT-mTOR, JAK2-STAT3-SOCS3 and increased the AMPK signals in the liver and T cells of AIH mice. In conclusion, HCQ exhibited specific and potent therapeutic effects on AIH and attendant liver injury, which was attributed to HCQ acted on GRK2 translocation, inhibited metabolism-related PI3K-AKT and inflammation-related JAK2-STAT3 signal in T lymphocytes, thereby modulating lipid metabolism of T cell function to regulate Treg differentiation and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jin
- School of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Bei-Bei Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Bao-Jing Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xing Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second People’s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chun-Lan Yang
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Wang
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Quan Xia
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Application of miRNA Biomarkers in Predicting Overall Survival Outcomes for Lung Adenocarcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5249576. [PMID: 36147635 PMCID: PMC9485713 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5249576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background With the development of research, the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the occurrence, metastasis, and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has attracted extensive attention. This study is aimed at predicting overall survival (OS) results through bioinformatics to identify novel miRNA biomarkers and hub genes. Materials and Methods The data of LUAD-related miRNA and mRNA samples was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Upon screening and pretreatment of initial data, TCGA data were analyzed using R platform and a series of analytical tools to identify biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity. Results 7 miRNAs and 13 hub genes that had strong relation to the overall surviving status were identified in patients with LUAD. The expression of seven miRNAs (hsa-miR-19a-3p, hsa-miR-126-5p, hsa-miR-556-3p, hsa-miR-671-5p, hsa-miR-937-3p, hsa-miR-4664-3p, and hsa-miR-4746-5p) could apparently improve the OS rate of patient with LUAD. The 13 hub genes, namely, CCT6A, CDK5R1, CEP55, DNAJB4, EGLN3, HDGF, HOXC8, LIMD1, MKI67, PCP4L1, PPIL1, SCAI, and STK32A, showed a correlation with the OS status. Conclusion 7 miRNAs were identified as novel biomarkers for the prognosis of patients with LUAD. This study offered a deeper comprehension of LUAD treatment and prognosis from the molecular level and helped enhance the understanding of the pathogenesis and potential molecular events of LUAD.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lyu X, Zeng L, Shi J, Ming Z, Li W, Liu B, Chen Y, Yuan B, Sun R, Yuan J, Zhao N, Yang X, Chen G, Yang S. Essential role for STAT3/FOXM1/ATG7 signaling-dependent autophagy in resistance to Icotinib. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:200. [PMID: 35690866 PMCID: PMC9188165 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02390-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The contribution of autophagy to cancer therapy resistance remains complex, mainly owing to the discrepancy of autophagy mechanisms in different therapy. However, the potential mechanisms of autophagy-mediated resistance to icotinib have yet to be elucidated. METHODS The effect of autophagy in icotinib resistance was examined using a series of in vitro and in vivo assays. The results above were further verified in biopsy specimens of lung cancer patients before and after icotinib or gefitinib treatment. RESULTS Icotinib increased ATG3, ATG5, and ATG7 expression, but without affecting Beclin-1, VPS34 and ATBG14 levels in icotinib-resistant lung cancer cells. Autophagy blockade by 3-MA or silencing Beclin-1 had no effects on resistance to icotinib. CQ effectively restored lung cancer cell sensitivity to icotinib in vitro and in vivo. Notably, aberrantly activated STAT3 and highly expressed FOXM1 were required for autophagy induced by icotinib, without the involvement of AMPK/mTOR pathway in this process. Alterations of STAT3 activity using genetic and/or pharmacological methods effectively affected FOXM1 and ATG7 levels increased by icotinib, with altering autophagy and icotinib-mediated apoptosis in resistant cells. Furthermore, silencing FOXM1 impaired up-regulated ATG7 induced by STAT3-CA and icotinib. STAT3/FOXM1 signalling blockade also reversed resistance to icotinib in vivo. Finally, we found a negative correlation between STAT3/FOXM1/ATG7 signalling activity and epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) treatment efficacy in patients undergoing EGFR-TKIs treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support that STAT3/FOXM1/ATG7 signalling-induced autophagy is a novel mechanism of resistance to icotinib, and provide insights into potential clinical values of ATG7-dependent autophagy in icotinib treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lyu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an, 710004 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Lizhong Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an, 710004 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an, 710004 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongjuan Ming
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an, 710004 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an, 710004 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Boxuan Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an, 710004 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an, 710004 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an, 710004 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruiying Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an, 710004 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyan Yuan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an, 710004 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Nannan Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an, 710004 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an, 710004 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoan Chen
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055 Guangdong China
| | - Shuanying Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xincheng District, Xi’an, 710004 Shaanxi People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lu C, Yu R, Zhang C, Lin C, Dou Y, Wu D, Pan Y, Peng T, Tang H, Han R, He Y. Protective autophagy decreases lorlatinib cytotoxicity through Foxo3a-dependent inhibition of apoptosis in NSCLC. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:221. [PMID: 35459209 PMCID: PMC9033765 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01027-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lorlatinib is a promising third-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that has been approved for treating ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with previous ALK-TKI treatment failures. However, the inevitable emergence of acquired resistance limits its long-term efficacy. A more comprehensive understanding of the acquired resistance mechanisms to lorlatinib will enable the development of more efficacious therapeutic strategies. The efficacy of chloroquine (CQ) in combination with lorlatinib in ALK-positive NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo was assessed using CCK-8, colony formation, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry analysis, western blot analysis, and xenograft implantation. Here, we show that lorlatinib induced apoptosis and protective autophagy in ALK-positive NSCLC cells. However, the protective autophagy can gradually lead to decreased cytotoxicity of loratinib in ALK-positive NSCLC cells. Meanwhile, we found that the combination of lorlatinib and CQ, an inhibitor of autophagy, inhibited autophagy and promoted apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo, which sensitized cells to lorlatinib through the dephosphorylation of Foxo3a and promoted nuclear translocation, then activation of Foxo3a/Bim axis. Taken together, our results suggest that inhibition of protective autophagy might be a therapeutic target for delaying the occurrence of acquired resistance to lorlatinib in ALK-positive NSCLC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Conghua Lu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Yu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Caiyu Lin
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyao Dou
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Yonghong Pan
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Tang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Han
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yong He
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Du J, Xu Q, Zhao H, Jia X, Ba N, Peng F, Zhang Z. PI3K inhibitor 3-MA promotes the antiproliferative activity of esomeprazole in gastric cancer cells by downregulating EGFR via the PI3K/FOXO3a pathway. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 148:112665. [PMID: 35228068 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a common gastrointestinal malignancy worldwide, with a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Esomeprazole (ESO) has been shown to have anticancer activity by affecting cell growth and autophagy and its mechanism in gastric cancer cells is evident. The PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a pathway is central in cancers. 3-Methyladenine (3-MA), a dual inhibitor of PI3K and autophagy, plays a synergistic role in combination with antitumor agents. In this study, we assessed the role of ESO on the PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a pathway and the beneficial effects of ESO combined with 3-MA in gastric cancer cells. Cell viability, proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis, autophagy, and protein expression were detected by CCK-8, EdU, Transwell, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence assay, and western blot. ESO decreased cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and increased autophagy with upregulation of LC3II and P62. Additionally, ESO inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. ESO inhibited PI3K/AKT/FOXO3a signaling and EGFR and SKP2 expression concentration-dependent. 3-MA enhanced the antiproliferative activity of ESO and synergistically inhibited PI3K/FOXO3a signaling and the expression of EGFR but not SKP2. Furthermore, pretreatment with the EGFR inhibitor AG1478 enhanced the antiproliferative activity of ESO in gastric cancer cells. In conclusion, our results suggested that the PI3K inhibitor 3-MA promotes the antiproliferative activity of ESO in gastric cancer cells by synergistically downregulating EGFR via the PI3K/FOXO3a pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Du
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Han Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Xiyun Jia
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Nan Ba
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Fanghui Peng
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China
| | - Zisen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen Y, Wang T, Xie P, Song Y, Wang J, Cai Z. Mass spectrometry imaging revealed alterations of lipid metabolites in multicellular tumor spheroids in response to hydroxychloroquine. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1184:339011. [PMID: 34625248 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) that mimic the complex tumor microenvironment provide a good platform for in vitro study of drug and endogenous metabolites. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has shown anti-tumor activity in a variety of tumor models. However, the effect of the drug on the alteration of lipid metabolism spatial composition and distribution in the MCTS model is not clear. Herein, we utilized matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) in the analysis of A549 lung cancer multicellular spheroids to investigate the in situ spatial distribution of HCQ and its effect on lipid metabolism. We have successfully observed the spatial variations of HCQ in the inner region of the spheroid at different drug-treated time points. The MSI results also demonstrated that HCQ treatment altered the spatial composition of lipids in the inner and outer regions of treated spheroids. Furthermore, the lipidomic results showed that the identified phosphatidylcholines (PC), lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPE), phosphatidylinositols (PI), ceramides (Cer), glucosylceramides (CerG), and diglycerides (DG) were significantly up-regulated, and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and triglycerides (TG) were remarkable down-regulated. MSI method combined with LC-MS/MS profiling of endogenous metabolites can obtain more detailed information about how spheroids respond to drug and spatial distribution information, thus fostering a better understanding of the relationship between drug-altered lipid metabolism and cancer microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; Analysis Center, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Peisi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao H, Chen W, Zhu Y, Lou J. Hypoxia promotes pancreatic cancer cell migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via modulating the FOXO3a/DUSP6/ERK axis. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:1691-1703. [PMID: 34532120 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer (PC) is among the most aggressive types of cancer. Hypoxia has been identified as a key risk factor for cancer progression. The forkhead box (FOX) proteins are multidirectional transcriptional factors that are strongly implicated in malignancies. However, whether FOXO3a, a member of the FOX protein family, is involved in the pro-oncogenic functions of hypoxia in PC has remained largely unelucidated. In this study, we attempted to clarify the role of FOXO3a in metastasis under hypoxic conditions and its underlying mechanism. Methods MTT and flow cytometry assays were performed to detect the cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution respectively. Transwell assays were used to determine the potential of cell migration and invasion. qPCR and western blot assays were used to assess the expression of mRNA and protein. Immunofluorescence assay was performed to evaluate the cellular localization of FOXO3a. FOXO3a overexpression plasmid was constructed to perform the rescue experiment. Results Our data indicated that PANC-1 and SW1990 cells represented enhanced cell migration and invasion abilities under hypoxia, while no statistical differences in cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution were observed. Hypoxia upregulated the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expressions of HIF-1α, FOXO3a, and the key epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related (EMT) molecules N-cadherin and vimentin, as well as the phosphorylation of FOXO3a. Interestingly, hypoxia promoted the extranuclear localization of FOXO3a. Overexpression of FOXO3a not only significantly decreased the invasion, migration, and EMT of PC cell lines, but also reversed hypoxia-induced extranuclear localization. Finally, FOXO3a might act as a tumor suppressor in PC by inhibiting the ERK signaling pathway by inducing DUSP6 expression, and the ERK activator fisetin could effectively attenuate the inhibitory role of FOXO3a on ERK. Conclusions Taken together, our results identified that hypoxia-induced extranuclear localization of FOXO3a promoted cell migration and invasion of human PC by modulating the DUSP6/ERK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianying Lou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li W, Zhu Q, Xu X, Hu X. MiR-27a-3p suppresses cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting FOXO1. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11727-11737. [PMID: 33875617 PMCID: PMC8109123 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CI/R) injury is a serious complication when treating patients experiencing ischemic stroke. Although the microRNA miR-27a-3p reportedly participates in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, its actions in CI/R remain unclear. To mimic CI/R in vitro, HT22 cells were subjected to oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). The results indicate that OGD inhibited growth and induced apoptosis among HT22 cells. The apoptosis was accompanied by increases in activated caspases 3 and 9 and decreases in Bcl-2. Oxidative stress was also increased, as indicated by increases in ROS and malondialdehyde and decreases in glutathione and superoxide dismutase. In addition, OGD induced G1 arrest in HT22 cells with corresponding upregulation of FOXO1 and p27 Kip1, suggesting the cell cycle arrest was mediated by FOXO1/p27 Kip1 signaling. Notably, FOXO1 was found to be the direct target of miR-27a-3p in HT22 cells. MiR-27a-3p was downregulated in OGD/R-treated HT22 cells, and miR-27a-3p mimics partially or entirely reversed all of the in vitro effects of OGD. Moreover, miR-27a-3p agomir significantly alleviated the symptoms of CI/R in vivo in a rat model of CI/R. Thus, MiR-27a-3p appears to suppress CI/R injury by targeting FOXO1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Li
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 133000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiongbin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 133000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 133000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingyue Hu
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 133000, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Guo Q, Yan J, Song T, Zhong C, Kuang J, Mo Y, Tan J, Li D, Sui Z, Cai K, Zhang J. microRNA-130b-3p Contained in MSC-Derived EVs Promotes Lung Cancer Progression by Regulating the FOXO3/NFE2L2/TXNRD1 Axis. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 20:132-146. [PMID: 33575477 PMCID: PMC7851484 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism by which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mediate lung cancer progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were isolated from transfected or untransfected MSCs, and were co-cultured with lung cancer cells with/without microRNA-130b-3p (miR-130b-3p) inhibitor, mimic, overexpression plasmids of FOXO3/NFE2L2, or shRNAs. CCK-8 assay, colony formation, transwell assay, and flow cytometry were carried out to determine the biological functioning of lung cancer cells. Furthermore, FOXO3, Keap1, NFE2L2, and TXNRD1 expression was determined by qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. A tumor xenograft mouse model was used to determine role of EVs-miR-130b-3p and its target FOXO3 in lung cancer progression in vivo. miR-130b-3p was highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and MSC-derived EVs. Moreover, the MSC-derived EVs transferred miR-130b-3p to lung cancer cells to promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while repress cell apoptosis. miR-130b-3p directly targeted FOXO3, and FOXO3 elevated Keap1 expression to downregulate NFE2L2, thus inhibiting TXNRD1. FOXO3 overexpression or silencing of NFE2L2 or TXNRD1 diminished lung cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration but enhanced apoptosis. EV-delivered miR-130b-3p or FOXO3 silencing promoted lung cancer progression in vivo. In summary, MSC-derived EVs with upregulated miR-130b-3p suppressed FOXO3 to block the NFE2L2/TXNRD1 pathway, thus playing an oncogenic role in lung cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quanwei Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518101, P.R. China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China.,The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518101, P.R. China
| | - Tieniu Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Chenghua Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518101, P.R. China
| | - Jun Kuang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518101, P.R. China
| | - Yijun Mo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518101, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518101, P.R. China
| | - Dongfang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518101, P.R. China
| | - Zesen Sui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518101, P.R. China
| | - Kaican Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China.,The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518101, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xie B, Geng Q, Xu J, Lu H, Luo H, Hu Y, Song X. The multi-targets mechanism of hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus based on network pharmacology. Lupus 2020; 29:1704-1711. [PMID: 32854577 DOI: 10.1177/0961203320952541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Network pharmacology is used with bioinformatic tools to broaden the understanding of drugs' potential targets and the intersections with key genes of particular disease. Here we applied network pharmacology to collect testable hypotheses about the multi-targets mechanism of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) against systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS Firstly, we predicted the potential targets of HCQ. Secondly, we got the related genes of SLE returned from databases. Thirdly, the intersections of the potential targets (HCQ) and related genes (SLE) were analyzed with gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment. Finally, we validated our predictions of the potential targets by performing docking studies with HCQ. RESULTS The results suggest that the efficacy of HCQ against SLE is mainly associated with the targets of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) and CDK1, which regulate PI3K/Akt/GSK3β as well as interferon (IFN) signaling pathway. Biological process of the network associated with the three targets is concentrated in the inhibition of immune response, negative regulation of gene expression and regulation of immune system process. Molecular docking analysis proves that hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking are the main forms of interaction. CONCLUSIONS Our research provides protein targets affected by HCQ in the treatment of SLE. Three key targets (CDK2, ESR1 and CDK1) involving 1766 proteins become the multi-targets mechanism of HCQ in the treatment of SLE. As well, the research also provides a new idea for introducing network pharmacology into the evaluation of the drugs with multi-targets in dermatology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingwei Geng
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haojie Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixin Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yebei Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuzu Song
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|