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Liu J, Li SM, Tang YJ, Cao JL, Hou WS, Wang AQ, Wang C, Jin CH. Jaceosidin induces apoptosis and inhibits migration in AGS gastric cancer cells by regulating ROS-mediated signaling pathways. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2313366. [PMID: 38318818 PMCID: PMC10854459 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2024.2313366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Jaceosidin (JAC) is a natural flavonoid with anti-oxidant and other pharmacological activities; however, its anti-cancer mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the mechanism of action of JAC in gastric cancer cells. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis assays showed that JAC effectively killed multiple gastric cancer cells and induced apoptosis in human gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells via the mitochondrial pathway. Network pharmacological analysis suggested that its activity was linked to reactive oxygen species (ROS), AKT, and MAPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, JAC accumulated ROS to up-regulate p-JNK, p-p38, and IκB-α protein expressions and down-regulate the p-ERK, p-STAT3, and NF-κB protein expressions. Cell cycle assay results showed that JAC accumulated ROS to up-regulate p21 and p27 protein expressions and down-regulate p-AKT, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, Cyclin D1, and Cyclin E protein expressions to induce G0/G1 phase arrest. Cell migration assay results showed JAC accumulated ROS to down-regulate Wnt-3a, p-GSK-3β, N-cadherin, and β-catenin protein expressions and up-regulate E-cadherin protein expression to inhibit migration. Furthermore, N-acetyl cysteine pre-treatment prevented the change of these protein expressions. In summary, JAC induced apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest and inhibited migration through ROS-mediated signaling pathways in AGS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Mei Li
- Hemodialysis Center, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Jun Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Long Cao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Shuang Hou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - An-Qi Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chang Wang
- College of Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Hao Jin
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, People’s Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, People’s Republic of China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, People’s Republic of China
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Wang Y, Chen Y, Ji DK, Huang Y, Huang W, Dong X, Yao D, Wang D. Bio-orthogonal click chemistry strategy for PD-L1-targeted imaging and pyroptosis-mediated chemo-immunotherapy of triple-negative breast cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:461. [PMID: 39090622 PMCID: PMC11293135 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02727-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and immunogenic cell death (ICD)-inducing chemotherapy has shown promise in cancer immunotherapy. However, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients undergoing this treatment often face obstacles such as systemic toxicity and low response rates, primarily attributed to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, PD-L1-targeted theranostic systems were developed utilizing anti-PD-L1 peptide (APP) conjugated with a bio-orthogonal click chemistry group. Initially, TNBC was treated with azide-modified sugar to introduce azide groups onto tumor cell surfaces through metabolic glycoengineering. A PD-L1-targeted probe was developed to evaluate the PD-L1 status of TNBC using magnetic resonance/near-infrared fluorescence imaging. Subsequently, an acidic pH-responsive prodrug was employed to enhance tumor accumulation via bio-orthogonal click chemistry, which enhances PD-L1-targeted ICB, the pH-responsive DOX release and induction of pyroptosis-mediated ICD of TNBC. Combined PD-L1-targeted chemo-immunotherapy effectively reversed the immune-tolerant TME and elicited robust tumor-specific immune responses, resulting in significant inhibition of tumor progression. CONCLUSIONS Our study has successfully engineered a bio-orthogonal multifunctional theranostic system, which employs bio-orthogonal click chemistry in conjunction with a PD-L1 targeting strategy. This innovative approach has been demonstrated to exhibit significant promise for both the targeted imaging and therapeutic intervention of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yanhong Chen
- Department of Radiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ding-Kun Ji
- Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuelin Huang
- Department of Radiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Weixi Huang
- Department of Radiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xue Dong
- Department of Radiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Defan Yao
- Department of Radiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Dengbin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Liu Y, Wang H, Ding M, Yao W, Wang K, Ullah I, Bulatov E, Yuan Y. Ultrasound-Activated PROTAC Prodrugs Overcome Immunosuppression to Actuate Efficient Deep-Tissue Sono-Immunotherapy in Orthotopic Pancreatic Tumor Mouse Models. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:8741-8751. [PMID: 38953486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The degradation of oncoproteins mediated by proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) has emerged as a potent strategy in cancer therapy. However, the clinical application of PROTACs is hampered by challenges such as poor water solubility and off-target adverse effects. Herein, we present an ultrasound (US)-activatable PROTAC prodrug termed NPCe6+PRO for actuating efficient sono-immunotherapy in a spatiotemporally controllable manner. Specifically, US irradiation, which exhibits deep-tissue penetration capability, results in Ce6-mediated generation of ROS, facilitating sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD). Simultaneously, the generated ROS cleaves the thioketal (TK) linker through a ROS-responsive mechanism, realizing the on-demand activation of the PROTAC prodrug in deep tissues. This prodrug activation results in the degradation of the target protein BRD4, while simultaneously reversing the upregulation of PD-L1 expression associated with the SDT process. In the orthotopic mouse model of pancreatic tumors, NPCe6+PRO effectively suppressed tumor growth in conjunction with US stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengchao Ding
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Yao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Kewei Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, People's Republic of China
| | - Ihsan Ullah
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, People's Republic of China
| | - Emil Bulatov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Youyong Yuan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Guangzhou International Campus, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
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Zhong Y, Cao H, Li W, Deng J, Li D, Deng J. An analysis of the prognostic role of reactive oxygen species-associated genes in breast cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3055-3148. [PMID: 38319140 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to type breast cancer in relation to reactive oxygen species (ROS), clinical indicators, single nucleotide variant (SNV) mutations, functional differences, immune infiltration, and predictive responses to immunotherapy or chemotherapy, and constructing a prognostic model. METHODS We used uniCox analysis, ConsensusClusterPlus, and the proportion of ambiguous clustering (PAC) to analyze The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data to determine optimal groupings and obtain differentially expressed ROS-related genes. Clinical indicators were then combined with the classification results and the Chi-square test was used to assess differences. We further examined SNV mutations, and functional differences using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, immune cell infiltration, and response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy. A prognostic model for breast cancer was constructed using these differentially expressed genes, immunotherapy or chemotherapy responses, and survival curves. RT-qPCR was used to detect the differences in the expression of LCE3D, CA1, PIRT and SMR3A in breast cancer cell lines and normal breast epithelial cell line. RESULTS We identified two distinct tumor types with significant differences in ROS-related gene expression, clinical indicators, SNV mutations, functional pathways, and immune infiltration. The response to specific chemotherapy drugs and immunotherapy treatments also documented significant differences. The prognostic model constructed with 16 genes linked to survival could efficiently divide patients into high- and low-risk groups. The high-risk group showed a poorer prognosis, higher tumor purity, distinct immune microenvironment, and lower immunotherapy response. RT-qPCR results showed that LCE3D, CA1, PIRT and SMR3A are highly expressed in breast cancer. CONCLUSION Our methodical examination presented an enhanced insight into the molecular and immunological heterogeneity of breast cancer. It can contribute to the understanding of prognosis and offer valuable insights for personalized treatment strategies. Further, the prognostic model can potentially serve as a powerful tool for risk stratification and therapeutic decision-making in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyan Zhong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Breast and Thyroid Disease Prevention and Control in Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Cao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Breast and Thyroid Disease Prevention and Control in Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Breast and Thyroid Disease Prevention and Control in Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Deng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Breast and Thyroid Disease Prevention and Control in Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Breast and Thyroid Disease Prevention and Control in Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Junjie Deng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Breast and Thyroid Disease Prevention and Control in Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Li J, Lim JYS, Eu JQ, Chan AKMH, Goh BC, Wang L, Wong ALA. Reactive Oxygen Species Modulation in the Current Landscape of Anticancer Therapies. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38445392 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Significance: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, and are tightly controlled through homeostatic mechanisms to maintain intracellular redox, regulating growth and proliferation in healthy cells. However, ROS production is perturbed in cancers where abnormal accumulation of ROS leads to oxidative stress and genomic instability, triggering oncogenic signaling pathways on one hand, while increasing oxidative damage and triggering ROS-dependent death signaling on the other. Recent Advances: Our review illuminates how critical interactions between ROS and oncogenic signaling, the tumor microenvironment, and DNA damage response (DDR) pathways have led to interest in ROS modulation as a means of enhancing existing anticancer strategies and developing new therapeutic opportunities. Critical Issues: ROS equilibrium exists via a delicate balance of pro-oxidant and antioxidant species within cells. "Antioxidant" approaches have been explored mainly in the form of chemoprevention, but there is insufficient evidence to advocate its routine application. More progress has been made via the "pro-oxidant" approach of targeting cancer vulnerabilities and inducing oxidative stress. Various therapeutic modalities have employed this approach, including direct ROS-inducing agents, chemotherapy, targeted therapies, DDR therapies, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Finally, emerging delivery systems such as "nanosensitizers" as radiotherapy enhancers are currently in development. Future Directions: While approaches designed to induce ROS have shown considerable promise in selectively targeting cancer cells and dealing with resistance to conventional therapies, most are still in early phases of development and challenges remain. Further research should endeavor to refine treatment strategies, optimize drug combinations, and identify predictive biomarkers of ROS-based cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jie Qing Eu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Boon Cher Goh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrea Li-Ann Wong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
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6
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Sun L, Morikawa K, Sogo Y, Sugiura Y. MHY1485 potentiates immunogenic cell death induction and anti-cancer immunity following irradiation. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2024; 65:205-214. [PMID: 38330507 PMCID: PMC10959436 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrad107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Recent in vitro experiments showed that combined treatment with MHY1485, a low-molecular-weight compound, and X-ray irradiation significantly increased apoptosis and senescence in tumor cells, which was associated with oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and p21 stabilization, compared to radiation treatment alone. However, evidence for MHY1485 treatment-mediated suppression of tumor growth in animals is still lacking. Furthermore, it has been shown that ER stress enhances immunogenic cell death (ICD) in tumor cells, as it can exert a favorable influence on the anti-cancer immune system. In the present study, we examined whether co-treatment of MHY1485 and X-ray irradiation induces ICD and in vivo tumor growth suppression using the CT26 and Lewis lung carcinoma murine tumor cell lines. We found that MHY1485 + X-ray treatment promotes ICD more effectively than X-ray treatment alone. MHY1485 suppresses tumor growth in vivo under co-treatment with X-rays and increases INF-γ, tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-2 and interleukin-12 levels in the spleen as well as the presence of CD8+ cells in the tumor. The results suggest that MHY1485 treatment leads to the conversion of irradiated tumors into effective vaccines. Thus, MHY1485 is a promising lead compound for use in combination with radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lue Sun
- Health and Medical Research Institute, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Kumi Morikawa
- Health and Medical Research Institute, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Yu Sogo
- Health and Medical Research Institute, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Yuki Sugiura
- Health and Medical Research Institute, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14, Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0895, Japan
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7
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Xie X, Zhang J, Wang Y, Shi W, Tang R, Tang Q, Sun S, Wu R, Xu S, Wang M, Liang X, Cui L. Nanomaterials augmented bioeffects of ultrasound in cancer immunotherapy. Mater Today Bio 2024; 24:100926. [PMID: 38179429 PMCID: PMC10765306 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy as a milestone in cancer treatment has made great strides in the past decade, but it is still limited by low immune response rates and immune-related adverse events. Utilizing bioeffects of ultrasound to enhance tumor immunotherapy has attracted more and more attention, including sonothermal, sonomechanical, sonodynamic and sonopiezoelectric immunotherapy. Moreover, the emergence of nanomaterials has further improved the efficacy of ultrasound mediated immunotherapy. However, most of the summaries in this field are about a single aspect of the biological effects of ultrasound, which is not comprehensive and complete currently. This review proposes the recent progress of nanomaterials augmented bioeffects of ultrasound in cancer immunotherapy. The concept of immunotherapy and the application of bioeffects of ultrasound in cancer immunotherapy are initially introduced. Then, according to different bioeffects of ultrasound, the representative paradigms of nanomaterial augmented sono-immunotherapy are described, and their mechanisms are discussed. Finally, the challenges and application prospects of nanomaterial augmented ultrasound mediated cancer immunotherapy are discussed in depth, hoping to pave the way for cancer immunotherapy and promote the clinical translation of ultrasound mediated cancer immunotherapy through the reasonable combination of nanomaterials augmented ultrasonic bioeffects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Xie
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Jinxia Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Wanrui Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Qingshuang Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Suhui Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Ruiqi Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Shuyu Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Mengxin Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Ligang Cui
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
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8
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Chi ZC. Progress in understanding of relationship between inflammation and tumors. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2024; 32:23-40. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v32.i1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, there has been clear evidence that inflammation plays a key role in tumorigenesis. Tumor extrinsic inflammation is caused by many factors, including bacterial and viral infections, autoimmune diseases, obesity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, etc., all of which can increase cancer risk and stimulate malignant progression. Conversely, inflammation inherent in cancer or caused by cancer can be triggered by cancer-initiating mutations and can promote malignant progression through recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells. Both exogenous and endogenous inflammation can lead to immunosuppression, thus providing a preferred opportunity for tumor development. Studies have confirmed that chronic inflammation is involved in various steps of tumorigenesis, including cell transformation, promotion, survival, prolifer-ation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Recent research has shed new light on the molecular and cellular circuits between inflammation and cancer. Two pathways have been preliminarily identified: Intrinsic and extrinsic. In the intrinsic pathway, genetic events leading to tumors initiate the expression of inflammatory related programs and guide the construction of the inflammatory microenvironment. In the extrinsic pathway, inflammatory conditions promote the development of cancer. This article reviews the recent progress in the understanding of the relationship between inflammation and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Chun Chi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266011, Shandong Province, China
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9
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Lopresti L, Capitani N, Tatangelo V, Tangredi C, Boncompagni G, Frezzato F, Visentin A, Marotta G, Ciofini S, Gozzetti A, Bocchia M, Trentin L, Baldari CT, Patrussi L. p66Shc deficiency in CLL cells enhances PD-L1 expression and suppresses immune synapse formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1297116. [PMID: 38389706 PMCID: PMC10883382 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1297116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Escape from immunosurveillance is a hallmark of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. In the protective niche of lymphoid organs, leukemic cells suppress the ability of T lymphocytes to form the immune synapse (IS), thereby hampering T-cell mediated anti-tumoral activities. By binding its cognate receptor PD-1 at the surface of T lymphocytes, the inhibitory ligand PD-L1, which is overexpressed in CLL cells, mediates the T-cell suppressive activities of CLL cells. However, the molecular mechanism underlying PD-L1 overexpression in CLL cells remains unknown. We have previously reported a defective expression of the pro-apoptotic and pro-oxidant adaptor p66Shc in CLL cells, which is causally related to an impairment in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and to the activation of the ROS-sensitive transcription factor NF-κB. The fact that PD-L1 expression is regulated by NF-κB suggests a mechanistic relationship between p66Shc deficiency and PD-L1 overexpression in CLL cells. Methods: 62 treatment-naive CLL patients and 43 healthy donors were included in this study. PD-L1 and p66Shc expression was quantified in B cells by flow cytometry and qRT-PCR. IS architecture and local signaling was assessed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. CD8+ cell killing activity was assessed by flow cytometry. Results: Here we show that residual p66Shc expression in leukemic cells isolated both from CLL patients and from the CLL mouse model Eμ-TCL1 inversely correlated with PD-L1 expression. We also show that the PD-L1 increase prevented leukemic cells from forming ISs with T lymphocytes. Reconstitution of p66Shc, but not of a ROS-defective mutant, in both CLL cells and the CLL-derived cell line MEC-1, enhanced intracellular ROS and decreased PD-L1 expression. Similar results were obtained following treatment of CLL cells with H2O2 as exogenous source of ROS, that normalized PD-L1 expression and recovered IS formation. Discussion: Our data provide direct evidence that the p66Shc-deficiency-related ROS depletion in CLL cells concurs to enhance PD-L1 expression and provides a mechanistic basis for the suppression of T cell-mediated anti-tumoral functions in the immunosuppressive lymphoid niche.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nagaja Capitani
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Federica Frezzato
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Visentin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marotta
- Stem Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapy Unit, University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Sara Ciofini
- Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gozzetti
- Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Monica Bocchia
- Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Livio Trentin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Laura Patrussi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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10
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Li J, Xu P, Chen S. Research progress on mitochondria regulating tumor immunity. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2024; 53:1-14. [PMID: 38229501 PMCID: PMC10945498 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2023-0484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Tumor cells adapt their metabolism to meet the demands for energy and biosynthesis. Mitochondria, pivotal organelles in the metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells, contribute to tumorigenesis and cancer progression significantly through various dysfunctions in both tumor and immune cells. Alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and metabolic signaling pathways exert crucial regulatory influence on the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of immune cells. The tumor microenvironment orchestrates the activation and functionality of tumor-infiltrating immune cells by reprogramming mitochondrial metabolism and inducing shifts in mitochondrial dynamics, thereby facilitating the establishment of a tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. Stress-induced leakage of mitochondrial DNA contributes multifaceted regulatory effects on anti-tumor immune responses and the immunosuppressive microenvironment by activating multiple natural immune signals, including cGAS-STING, TLR9, and NLRP3. Moreover, mitochondrial DNA-mediated immunogenic cell death emerges as a promising avenue for anti-tumor immunotherapy. Additionally, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, a crucial factor in tumorigenesis, drives the formation of tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment by changing the composition of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. This review focuses on the intrinsic relationship between mitochondrial biology and anti-tumor immune responses from multiple angles. We explore the core role of mitochondria in the dynamic interplay between the tumor and the host to facilitate the development of targeted mitochondrial strategies for anti-tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Pinglong Xu
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Shasha Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
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11
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Zhao X, Liu M, Li C, Liu X, Zhao J, Ma H, Zhang S, Qu J. High dose Vitamin C inhibits PD-L1 by ROS-pSTAT3 signal pathway and enhances T cell function in TNBC. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111321. [PMID: 38041955 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin C (VitC) presents excellent anti-tumor effect for long time. Recently, high dose VitC achieved by intravenous administration manifests superior anti-tumor effect. However, the functions and detailed mechanisms of high dose VitC's role in cancer immunity are not fully understood. This study investigates the effect of high dose VitC on PD-L1 expression in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the potential mechanism. Results showed VitC inhibited PD-L1 expression in breast cancer cell lines and enhanced anti-tumor effects of T cells. Furthermore, we found VitC inhibited PD-L1 transcription through ROS-pSTAT3 signal pathways. Consistent with in vitro results, in vivo study showed VitC suppressed tumor growth in immunocompetent mice and enhanced CD8+ T cells infiltration and function in tumor microenvironment. Our findings identify the effects of high dose VitC on PD-L1 expression and provide a rationale for the use of high dose VitC as immunomodulator for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West Fifth Street, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Mengjie Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West Fifth Street, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Chaofan Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West Fifth Street, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West Fifth Street, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West Fifth Street, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Hongbing Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West Fifth Street, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West Fifth Street, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Jingkun Qu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West Fifth Street, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, PR China.
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12
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Wu J, Nong Y, Chen B, Jiang Y, Chen Y, Wei C, Tao Y, Xie B. Flammutoxin, a Degradation Product of Transepithelial Electrical Resistance-Decreasing Protein, Induces Reactive Oxygen Species and Apoptosis in HepG2 Cells. Foods 2023; 13:66. [PMID: 38201094 PMCID: PMC10778570 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteins from Flammulina filiformis were prepared by sodium chloride extraction and fractionated by ammonium sulfate precipitation with increasing saturation degrees to obtain the protein fractions Ffsp-30, Ffsp-50, Ffsp-70, Ffsp-90, and Ffp-90. Among these protein fractions, Ffsp-50 possessed the most significant cytotoxic effect against three human gastrointestinal cancer cell lines, viz. HT-29, SGC-7901, and HepG2. SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF/TOF MS/MS analyses revealed that flammutoxin (FTX) was present as a dominating protein in Ffsp-50, which was further evidenced by HPLC-MS/MS determination. Furthermore, native FTX was purified from Ffsp-50 with a molecular weight of 26.78 kDa, exhibiting notable cytotoxicity against gastrointestinal cancer cell lines. Both Ffsp-50 and FTX exposure could enhance intercellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and induce significant apoptosis in HepG2 cells. FTX was identified to be relatively conserved in basidiomycetes according to phylogenetic analysis, and its expression was highly upregulated in the primordium as well as the pileus of the fruiting body from the elongation and maturation stages, as compared with that in mycelium. Taken together, FTX could remarkably inhibit cell growth and induce ROS and apoptosis in HepG2 cells, potentially participating in the growth and development of the fruiting body. These findings from our investigation provided insight into the antigastrointestinal cancer activity of FTX, which could serve as a biological source of health-promoting and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wu
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.W.); (Y.N.); (Y.C.); (C.W.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yu Nong
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.W.); (Y.N.); (Y.C.); (C.W.); (Y.T.)
| | - Bingzhi Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (B.C.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yuji Jiang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (B.C.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yuanhao Chen
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.W.); (Y.N.); (Y.C.); (C.W.); (Y.T.)
| | - Chuanzheng Wei
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.W.); (Y.N.); (Y.C.); (C.W.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yongxin Tao
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.W.); (Y.N.); (Y.C.); (C.W.); (Y.T.)
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Baogui Xie
- Mycological Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (J.W.); (Y.N.); (Y.C.); (C.W.); (Y.T.)
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13
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Han JH, Lee EJ, Park W, Choi JG, Ha KT, Chung HS. Cosmosiin Induces Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer by Inhibiting PD-L1 Expression and Inducing ROS. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2131. [PMID: 38136250 PMCID: PMC10740471 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies, particularly those concerning immune checkpoint inhibitors, have transformed cancer treatment in recent years. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a key target for immunotherapy that is overexpressed in the cells of colorectal cancer, a widespread malignant cancer that poses a significant healthcare challenge. This study investigated the effects of cosmosiin treatment on colorectal cancer cell lines. Cosmosiin is a naturally occurring flavone glycoside compound that has potential health benefits, including antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. This study showed that cosmosiin effectively suppresses the expression of PD-L1 and triggers apoptosis, which is facilitated through pathways that are related to reactive oxygen species. These outcomes suggest that cosmosiin could be a promising candidate for an immune checkpoint inhibitor in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ho Han
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (J.H.H.); (E.-J.L.); (J.-G.C.)
| | - Eun-Ji Lee
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (J.H.H.); (E.-J.L.); (J.-G.C.)
| | - Wonyoung Park
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (W.P.); (K.-T.H.)
| | - Jang-Gi Choi
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (J.H.H.); (E.-J.L.); (J.-G.C.)
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (W.P.); (K.-T.H.)
| | - Hwan-Suck Chung
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea; (J.H.H.); (E.-J.L.); (J.-G.C.)
- Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, University of Science and Technology (UST), KIOM Campus, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
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14
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Bai Y, Liang C, Zhou J, Liu Y, Wang F, Gao J, Wu J, Hu D. Development of novel celastrol-ligustrazine hybrids as potent peroxiredoxin 1 inhibitors against lung cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115656. [PMID: 37499289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The disruption of oxidation-reduction equilibrium through inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) clearance or enhancing ROS production has emerged as a novel and promising strategy for cancer therapy. Herein, a series of celastrol-ligustrazine hybrids were designed and synthesized as effective ROS promoters, and their biological activities were further evaluated. Among them, compound 7e stood out as the most potent peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) inhibitor (IC50 = 0.164 μM), which was significant super to the recognized PRDX1 inhibitor Conoidin A (IC50 = 14.80 μM) and the control compound celastrol (IC50 = 1.622 μM). Furthermore, 7e dramatically promoted intracellular ROS accumulation, and inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of cancer cells besides inducing apoptosis in vitro. Additionally, 7e suppressed the key signaling pathways (AKT and ERK) and promoted the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (cleaved caspase-3/8 and cleaved PARP) in A549 cells, which resulted in the prevention of tumor progression. Most importantly, compound 7e (TGI = 77.47%) showed more considerable in vivo antitumor efficacy and less toxicity than celastrol (TGI = 71.00%). Overall, this work indicates 7e as the most potential PRDX1 inhibitor and may be a promising candidate for the therapy of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bai
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Chao Liang
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Yafeng Liu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Fengxuan Wang
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety of Anhui Higher Education Institute, Huainan, 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control & Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Dong Hu
- School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China; Anhui Occupational Health and Safety Engineering Laboratory, Huainan, 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Deep Reduction and Occupational Health and Safety of Anhui Higher Education Institute, Huainan, 232001, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Prevention and Control & Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China.
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15
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Cui Y, Zhao T, Wang H, Wang X, Wang D, Zhang Y. Molecular dynamics simulation of the transmembrane transport process of reactive species under the synergistic effect of plasma oxidation and an electric field. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:372-383. [PMID: 37657762 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAP)-assisted cancer therapy has become a popular topic in plasma biomedical research. Membrane lipid oxidation and local electric fields are two important factors in plasma-cell interactions, and the study of their synergistic effect is highly significant for optimizing the regulatory mechanism of the plasma-induced apoptosis of cancer cells. In this paper, a model of oxidized phospholipids was established, and the transmembrane process of reactive species was simulated by the classical molecular dynamics (MD) method under the conditions of oxidation and an electric field. The results showed that hydrophilic reactive oxygen species could not penetrate the membrane lipids through oxidation. The formation of electroporation provided a new channel for reactive species to penetrate the membrane, and the oxidation effect reduced the electric field threshold of membrane electroporation. Our simulation could provide theoretical support for the plasma-induced apoptosis of cancer cells at the microscopic level, provide mechanistic guidance for the practical application of plasma-induced cancer therapy, and promote the development of CAP in the field of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiu Cui
- School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250061, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhao
- School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huichao Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250061, People's Republic of China
| | - Daohan Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuantao Zhang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250061, People's Republic of China
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16
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García-Pérez BE, Pérez-Torres C, Baltierra-Uribe SL, Castillo-Cruz J, Castrejón-Jiménez NS. Autophagy as a Target for Non-Immune Intrinsic Functions of Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15016. [PMID: 37834467 PMCID: PMC10573536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241915016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic process that is essential to the maintenance of homeostasis through the cellular recycling of damaged organelles or misfolded proteins, which sustains energy balance. Additionally, autophagy plays a dual role in modulating the development and progression of cancer and inducing a survival strategy in tumoral cells. Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) modulates the immune response and is responsible for maintaining self-tolerance. Because tumor cells exploit the PD-L1-PD-1 interaction to subvert the immune response, immunotherapy has been developed based on the use of PD-L1-blocking antibodies. Recent evidence has suggested a bidirectional regulation between autophagy and PD-L1 molecule expression in tumor cells. Moreover, the research into the intrinsic properties of PD-L1 has highlighted new functions that are advantageous to tumor cells. The relationship between autophagy and PD-L1 is complex and still not fully understood; its effects can be context-dependent and might differ between tumoral cells. This review refines our understanding of the non-immune intrinsic functions of PD-L1 and its potential influence on autophagy, how these could allow the survival of tumor cells, and what this means for the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Estela García-Pérez
- Departmento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Santo Tomás, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Christian Pérez-Torres
- Departmento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Santo Tomás, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Shantal Lizbeth Baltierra-Uribe
- Departmento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Santo Tomás, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Juan Castillo-Cruz
- Departmento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Santo Tomás, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
- Departmento de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Santo Tomás, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Nayeli Shantal Castrejón-Jiménez
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad km. 1. Exhacienda de Aquetzalpa A.P. 32, Tulancingo 43600, Mexico
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17
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Jeyamogan S, Leventhal JR, Mathew JM, Zhang ZJ. CD4 +CD25 +FOXP3 + regulatory T cells: a potential "armor" to shield "transplanted allografts" in the war against ischemia reperfusion injury. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1270300. [PMID: 37868962 PMCID: PMC10587564 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1270300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the advances in therapeutic interventions, solid organ transplantation (SOT) remains the "gold standard" treatment for patients with end-stage organ failure. Recently, vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) has reemerged as a feasible treatment option for patients with complex composite tissue defects. In both SOT and VCA, ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is inevitable and is a predominant factor that can adversely affect transplant outcome by potentiating early graft dysfunction and/or graft rejection. Restoration of oxygenated blood supply to an organ which was previously hypoxic or ischemic for a period of time triggers cellular oxidative stress, production of both, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, infiltration of innate immune cells and amplifies adaptive alloimmune responses in the affected allograft. Currently, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs for the treatment of IRI are unavailable, therefore an efficacious therapeutic modality to prevent, reduce and/or alleviate allograft damages caused by IRI induced inflammation is warranted to achieve the best-possible transplant outcome among recipients. The tolerogenic capacity of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), have been extensively studied in the context of transplant rejection, autoimmunity, and cancer. It was not until recently that Tregs have been recognized as a potential cell therapeutic candidate to be exploited for the prevention and/or treatment of IRI, owing to their immunomodulatory potential. Tregs can mitigate cellular oxidative stress, produce anti-inflammatory cytokines, promote wound healing, and tissue repair and prevent the infiltration of pro-inflammatory immune cells in injured tissues. By using strategic approaches to increase the number of Tregs and to promote targeted delivery, the outcome of SOT and VCA can be improved. This review focuses on two sections: (a) the therapeutic potential of Tregs in preventing and mitigating IRI in the context of SOT and VCA and (b) novel strategies on how Tregs could be utilized for the prevention and/or treatment of IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shareni Jeyamogan
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Joseph R. Leventhal
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - James M. Mathew
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Zheng Jenny Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Microsurgery and Pre-Clinical Research Core, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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18
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Zhou Y, Zhang A, Fang C, Yuan L, Shao A, Xu Y, Zhou D. Oxidative stress in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors: Affecting the tumor microenvironment and becoming a new target for pituitary neuroendocrine tumor therapy. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:2744-2759. [PMID: 37341156 PMCID: PMC10493678 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenomas (PAs), or pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs), are commonly found in the anterior pituitary gland. Although the majority of PitNETs are benign and stable, several tumors have malignant characteristics. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the process of tumorigenesis and is composed of several types of cells. Various cells in the TME are significantly affected by oxidative stress. It has been reported that immunotherapeutic strategies have good effects in several cancers. However, the clinical potential of immunotherapies in PitNETs has not yet been fully discussed. Oxidative stress can regulate PitNET cells and immune cells in the TME, thus affecting the immune status of the TME of PitNETs. Therefore, modulation of oxidative stress-regulated immune cells using a combination of several agents and the immune system to suppress PitNETs is a promising therapeutic direction. In this review, we systematically analyzed the oxidative stress process within PitNET cells and various immune cells to elucidate the potential value of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbinChina
- Health Management CenterTongde Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
| | - Anke Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Chaoyou Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ling Yuan
- School of Public Health, School of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yuanzhi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, School of MedicineFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Danyang Zhou
- Health Management CenterTongde Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
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19
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Wang P, Wang XY, Man CF, Gong DD, Fan Y. Advances in hyperbaric oxygen to promote immunotherapy through modulation of the tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1200619. [PMID: 37790761 PMCID: PMC10543083 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1200619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a relatively safe treatment method that has been used for a long time in the clinic. It has been proven that it can enhance the sensitivity of radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy for cancer. However, there are few studies on hyperbaric oxygen and immunotherapy. In this article, we summarize that hyperbaric oxygen therapy regulates the tumor microenvironment through various pathways such as improving tumor hypoxia, targeting hypoxia-inducing factors, and generating reactive oxygen species. The change in the tumor microenvironment ultimately affects the curative effect of immunotherapy. Therefore, hyperbaric oxygen can influence immunotherapy by regulating the tumor microenvironment, providing a direction for the future development of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang-Feng Man
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan-Dan Gong
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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20
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Cui Z, Ruan Z, Li M, Ren R, Ma Y, Zeng J, Sun J, Ye W, Xu W, Guo X, Xu D, Zhang L. Intermittent hypoxia inhibits anti-tumor immune response via regulating PD-L1 expression in lung cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110652. [PMID: 37478668 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown an increased tumor incidence and reduced survival rate in cancer patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Although intermittent hypoxia is known to play a crucial role, the molecular mechanism by which intermittent hypoxia accelerates lung cancer progression remains to be elucidated.A lung cancer xenograft mouse model was established by subcutaneously injecting LLC cells into C57BL/6 mice. The tumor-bearing mice were exposed to either normoxia or intermittent hypoxia and received either IgG2a, anti-programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), PX-478, or anti-PD-L1 + PX-478 treatment.A significant upregulation of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) papulation and PD-L1 levels was observed in lung adenocarcinoma patients with OSA. We further confirmed that hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) regulates PD-L1 at transcriptional levels, mainly through binding to the hypoxia response element 4. Using a lung cancer xenograft mouse model, we observed that intermittent hypoxia exposed tumors grew faster and bigger with upregulated HIF-1α and PD-L1 expression, enhanced TAMs and Treg populations, and reduced cytotoxic T cells and cytokine secretion. Finally, we found a combination of PX-478 and anti-PD-L1 exerted an encouraging tumor inhibition effect compared to single treatment. Combination therapies based on HIF-1α and PD-L1 blockade might serve as a promising strategy to treat lung cancer patients with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Cui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, XinHua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhengshang Ruan
- Department of Infectious Disease, XinHua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Meigui Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, XinHua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Rongrong Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yizong Ma
- Pharmacy Management Department, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Junxiang Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, XinHua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jinyuan Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, XinHua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenjing Ye
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, XinHua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Weiguo Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, XinHua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xuejun Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, XinHua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Dengfei Xu
- Department of Oncology, Henan Key Laboratory for Precision Medicine in Cancer, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China; Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
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21
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Ren Y, Wang R, Weng S, Xu H, Zhang Y, Chen S, Liu S, Ba Y, Zhou Z, Luo P, Cheng Q, Dang Q, Liu Z, Han X. Multifaceted role of redox pattern in the tumor immune microenvironment regarding autophagy and apoptosis. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:130. [PMID: 37563639 PMCID: PMC10413697 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01831-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The reversible oxidation-reduction homeostasis mechanism functions as a specific signal transduction system, eliciting related physiological responses. Disruptions to redox homeostasis can have negative consequences, including the potential for cancer development and progression, which are closely linked to a series of redox processes, such as adjustment of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and species, changes in antioxidant capacity, and differential effects of ROS on downstream cell fate and immune capacity. The tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibits a complex interplay between immunity and regulatory cell death, especially autophagy and apoptosis, which is crucially regulated by ROS. The present study aims to investigate the mechanism by which multi-source ROS affects apoptosis, autophagy, and the anti-tumor immune response in the TME and the mutual crosstalk between these three processes. Given the intricate role of ROS in controlling cell fate and immunity, we will further examine the relationship between traditional cancer therapy and ROS. It is worth noting that we will discuss some potential ROS-related treatment options for further future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Ren
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ruizhi Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Siyuan Weng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yuyuan Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Shutong Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yuhao Ba
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhaokai Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Qin Dang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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22
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Zheng Z, Su J, Bao X, Wang H, Bian C, Zhao Q, Jiang X. Mechanisms and applications of radiation-induced oxidative stress in regulating cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1247268. [PMID: 37600785 PMCID: PMC10436604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1247268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is an effective treatment option for cancer patients, which induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and causes oxidative stress (OS), leading to the death of tumor cells. OS not only causes apoptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis, but also affects tumor immune response. The combination of RT and immunotherapy has revolutionized the management of various cancers. In this process, OS caused by ROS plays a critical role. Specifically, RT-induced ROS can promote the release of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), regulate the infiltration and differentiation of immune cells, manipulate the expression of immune checkpoints, and change the tumor immune microenvironment (TME). In this review, we briefly summarize several ways in which IR induces tumor cell death and discuss the interrelationship between RT-induced OS and antitumor immunity, with a focus on the interaction of ferroptosis with immunogenic death. We also summarize the potential mechanisms by which ROS regulates immune checkpoint expression, immune cells activity, and differentiation. In addition, we conclude the therapeutic opportunity improving radiotherapy in combination with immunotherapy by regulating OS, which may be beneficial for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Zheng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Su
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xueying Bao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenbin Bian
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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23
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Teng Y, Xu L, Li W, Liu P, Tian L, Liu M. Targeting reactive oxygen species and fat acid oxidation for the modulation of tumor-associated macrophages: a narrative review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224443. [PMID: 37545527 PMCID: PMC10401428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are significant immunocytes infiltrating the tumor microenvironment(TME). Recent research has shown that TAMs exhibit diversity in terms of their phenotype, function, time, and spatial distribution, which allows for further classification of TAM subtypes. The metabolic efficiency of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) varies among TAM subtypes. FAO is closely linked to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play a role in processes such as oxidative stress. Current evidence demonstrates that FAO and ROS can influence TAMs' recruitment, polarization, and phagocytosis ability either individually or in combination, thereby impacting tumor progression. But the specific mechanisms associated with these relationships still require further investigation. We will review the current status of research on the relationship between TAMs and tumor development from three aspects: ROS and TAMs, FAO and TAMs, and the interconnectedness of FAO, ROS, and TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Linli Tian
- *Correspondence: Linli Tian, ; Ming Liu,
| | - Ming Liu
- *Correspondence: Linli Tian, ; Ming Liu,
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24
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Khalil R, Green RJ, Sivakumar K, Varandani P, Bharadwaj S, Mohapatra SS, Mohapatra S. Withaferin A Increases the Effectiveness of Immune Checkpoint Blocker for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3089. [PMID: 37370701 PMCID: PMC10295988 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of late-stage lung cancers remains challenging with a five-year survival rate of 8%. Immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by reactivating anti-tumor immunity. Despite achieving durable responses, ICBs are effective in only 20% of patients due to immune resistance. Therefore, synergistic combinatorial approaches that overcome immune resistance are currently under investigation. Herein, we studied the immunomodulatory role of Withaferin A (WFA)-a herbal compound-and its effectiveness in combination with an ICB for the treatment of NSCLC. Our in vitro results show that WFA induces immunogenic cell death (ICD) in NSCLC cell lines and increases expression of the programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1). The administration of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, abrogated WFA-induced ICD and PD-L1 upregulation, suggesting the involvement of ROS in this process. Further, we found that a combination of WFA and α-PD-L1 significantly reduced tumor growth in an immunocompetent tumor model. Our results showed that WFA increases CD-8 T-cells and reduces immunosuppressive cells infiltrating the tumor microenvironment. Administration of NAC partially inhibited the anti-tumor response of the combination regimen. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that WFA sensitizes NSCLC to α-PD-L1 in part via activation of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roukiah Khalil
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ryan J. Green
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Kavya Sivakumar
- Taneja School of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Payal Varandani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Srinivas Bharadwaj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Shyam S. Mohapatra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Taneja School of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Subhra Mohapatra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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25
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Lauriola A, Davalli P, Marverti G, Santi S, Caporali A, D'Arca D. Targeting the Interplay of Independent Cellular Pathways and Immunity: A Challenge in Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15113009. [PMID: 37296972 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15113009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a cancer treatment that exploits the capacity of the body's immune system to prevent, control, and remove cancer. Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment and significantly improved patient outcomes for several tumor types. However, most patients have not benefited from such therapies yet. Within the field of cancer immunotherapy, an expansion of the combination strategy that targets independent cellular pathways that can work synergistically is predicted. Here, we review some consequences of tumor cell death and increased immune system engagement in the modulation of oxidative stress and ubiquitin ligase pathways. We also indicate combinations of cancer immunotherapies and immunomodulatory targets. Additionally, we discuss imaging techniques, which are crucial for monitoring tumor responses during treatment and the immunotherapy side effects. Finally, the major outstanding questions are also presented, and directions for future research are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Lauriola
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Pierpaola Davalli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Via G. Campi 287, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Gaetano Marverti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Via G. Campi 287, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Spartaco Santi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", 40136 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Caporali
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Scotland EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Domenico D'Arca
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Via G. Campi 287, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
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26
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Tang Q, Sun S, Wang P, Sun L, Wang Y, Zhang L, Xu M, Chen J, Wu R, Zhang J, Gong M, Chen Q, Liang X. Genetically Engineering Cell Membrane-Coated BTO Nanoparticles for MMP2-Activated Piezocatalysis-Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300964. [PMID: 36809650 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) still suffers from low host response rate and non-specific distribution of immune checkpoint inhibitors, greatly compromising the therapeutic efficiency. Herein, cellular membrane stably expressing matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2)-activated PD-L1 blockades is engineered to coat ultrasmall barium titanate (BTO) nanoparticle for overcoming the immunosuppressive microenvironment of tumors. The resulting M@BTO NPs can significantly promote the BTO's tumor accumulation, while the masking domains on membrane PD-L1 antibodies are cleaved when exposure to MMP2 highly expressed in tumor. With ultrasound (US) irradiation, M@BTO NPs can simultaneously generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and O2 based on BTO mediated piezocatalysis and water splitting, significantly promoting the intratumoral infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and improving the PD-L1 blockade therapy to the tumor, resulting in effective tumor growth inhibition and lung metastasis suppression in a melanoma mouse model. This nanoplatform combines MMP2-activated genetic editing cell membrane with US responsive BTO for both immune stimulation and specific PD-L1 inhibition, providing a safe and robust strategy in enhancing immune response against tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshuang Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Suhui Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lihong Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Menghong Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ruiqi Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jinxia Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ming Gong
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
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27
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Liu J, Jiang X, Feng X, Lee MJ, Li Y, Mao J, Weichselbaum RR, Lin W. A Three-in-One Nanoscale Coordination Polymer for Potent Chemo-Immunotherapy. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2201437. [PMID: 36638256 PMCID: PMC10192092 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The addition of immune checkpoint blockade to standard chemotherapy has changed the standards of care for some cancer patients. However, current chemo-immunotherapy strategies do not benefit most colorectal cancer patients and many triple-negative breast cancer patients. Here, the design of a three-in-one nanoscale coordination polymer (NCP), OX/GC/CQ, comprising prodrugs of oxaliplatin (OX), gemcitabine (GC), and 5-carboxy-8-hydroxyquinoline (CQ) for triple-modality chemo-immunotherapy is reported. OX/GC/CQ exhibits optimal pharmacokinetics and enhanced particle accumulation and drug release in acidic tumor tissues, wherein CQ greatly enhances immunogenic cell death induced by OX/GC and downregulates programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression in cancer cells. Consequently, OX/GC/CQ efficiently promotes infiltration and activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, while decreasing the proportion of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells. Intravenous injection of OX/GC/CQ reduces the growth of colorectal carcinoma and triple-negative breast cancer, prevents metastasis to lungs, and extends mouse survival by 30-40 days compared to free drugs. This work highlights the potential of NCPs in co-delivering synergistic chemo-immunotherapeutics for the treatment of advanced and aggressive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and the Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Xiaomin Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Xuanyu Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Morten J. Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Youyou Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Jianming Mao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Ralph R. Weichselbaum
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and the Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Wenbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology and the Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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28
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Allegra A, Murdaca G, Mirabile G, Gangemi S. Redox Signaling Modulates Activity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Patients. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051325. [PMID: 37238995 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although immunotherapy is already a staple of cancer care, many patients may not benefit from these cutting-edge treatments. A crucial field of research now focuses on figuring out how to improve treatment efficacy and assess the resistance mechanisms underlying this uneven response. For a good response, immune-based treatments, in particular immune checkpoint inhibitors, rely on a strong infiltration of T cells into the tumour microenvironment. The severe metabolic environment that immune cells must endure can drastically reduce effector activity. These immune dysregulation-related tumour-mediated perturbations include oxidative stress, which can encourage lipid peroxidation, ER stress, and T regulatory cells dysfunction. In this review, we have made an effort to characterize the status of immunological checkpoints, the degree of oxidative stress, and the part that latter plays in determining the therapeutic impact of immunological check point inhibitors in different neoplastic diseases. In the second section of the review, we will make an effort to assess new therapeutic possibilities that, by affecting redox signalling, may modify the effectiveness of immunological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Murdaca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, n. 6, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mirabile
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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29
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He Y, Gong F, Jin T, Liu Q, Fang H, Chen Y, Wang G, Chu PK, Wu Z, Ostrikov K(K. Dose-Dependent Effects in Plasma Oncotherapy: Critical In Vivo Immune Responses Missed by In Vitro Studies. Biomolecules 2023; 13:707. [PMID: 37189453 PMCID: PMC10136314 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) generates abundant reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS, respectively) which can induce apoptosis, necrosis, and other biological responses in tumor cells. However, the frequently observed different biological responses to in vitro and in vivo CAP treatments remain poorly understood. Here, we reveal and explain plasma-generated ROS/RNS doses and immune system-related responses in a focused case study of the interactions of CAP with colon cancer cells in vitro and with the corresponding tumor in vivo. Plasma controls the biological activities of MC38 murine colon cancer cells and the involved tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). In vitro CAP treatment causes necrosis and apoptosis in MC38 cells, which is dependent on the generated doses of intracellular and extracellular ROS/RNS. However, in vivo CAP treatment for 14 days decreases the proportion and number of tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells while increasing PD-L1 and PD-1 expression in the tumors and the TILs, which promotes tumor growth in the studied C57BL/6 mice. Furthermore, the ROS/RNS levels in the tumor interstitial fluid of the CAP-treated mice are significantly lower than those in the MC38 cell culture supernatant. The results indicate that low doses of ROS/RNS derived from in vivo CAP treatment may activate the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway in the tumor microenvironment and lead to the undesired tumor immune escape. Collectively, these results suggest the crucial role of the effect of doses of plasma-generated ROS and RNS, which are generally different in in vitro and in vivo treatments, and also suggest that appropriate dose adjustments are required upon translation to real-world plasma oncotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan He
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Fanwu Gong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Tao Jin
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Haopeng Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Plasma Application Technology, Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Guomin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Paul K. Chu
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhengwei Wu
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Joint Laboratory of Plasma Application Technology, Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov
- School of Chemistry and Physics and QUT Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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30
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Tumangelova-Yuzeir K, Minkin K, Angelov I, Ivanova-Todorova E, Kurteva E, Vasilev G, Arabadjiev J, Karazapryanov P, Gabrovski K, Zaharieva L, Genova T, Kyurkchiev D. Alteration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Glioblastoma Multiforme under the Influence of Photodynamic Treatment. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2580-2596. [PMID: 36975539 PMCID: PMC10047864 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45030169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The central hypothesis for the development of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) postulates that the tumor begins its development by transforming neural stem cells into cancer stem cells (CSC). Recently, it has become clear that another kind of stem cell, the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), plays a role in the tumor stroma. Mesenchymal stem cells, along with their typical markers, can express neural markers and are capable of neural transdifferentiation. From this perspective, it is hypothesized that MSCs can give rise to CSC. In addition, MSCs suppress the immune cells through direct contact and secretory factors. Photodynamic therapy aims to selectively accumulate a photosensitizer in neoplastic cells, forming reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon irradiation, initiating death pathways. In our experiments, MSCs from 15 glioblastomas (GB-MSC) were isolated and cultured. The cells were treated with 5-ALA and irradiated. Flow cytometry and ELISA were used to detect the marker expression and soluble-factor secretion. The MSCs' neural markers, Nestin, Sox2, and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), were down-regulated, but the expression levels of the mesenchymal markers CD73, CD90, and CD105 were retained. The GB-MSCs also reduced their expression of PD-L1 and increased their secretion of PGE2. Our results give us grounds to speculate that the photodynamic impact on GB-MSCs reduces their capacity for neural transdifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalina Tumangelova-Yuzeir
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Krassimir Minkin
- Clinic of Neurosurgery, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivan Angelov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ekaterina Ivanova-Todorova
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ekaterina Kurteva
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Vasilev
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Petar Karazapryanov
- Clinic of Neurosurgery, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kaloyan Gabrovski
- Clinic of Neurosurgery, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lidia Zaharieva
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tsanislava Genova
- Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dobroslav Kyurkchiev
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Kwon M, Jung J, Park HS, Kim NH, Lee J, Park J, Kim Y, Shin S, Lee BS, Cheong YH, Youn HS, Kim SR, Park SA. Diesel exhaust particle exposure accelerates oxidative DNA damage and cytotoxicity in normal human bronchial epithelial cells through PD-L1. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120705. [PMID: 36410599 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are a major cause of cancer progression as well as a variety of acute and chronic diseases. It is well-known that programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint molecule that can induce immune escape in tumor cells. However, the function of PD-L1 in bronchial epithelial cells or how PD-L1 relates to cellular oxidation under DEPs-mediated oxidative stress is not well known. In this study, we investigated how PD-L1 affected DEPs-induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells, Beas-2B. DEPs not only induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, but also increased PD-L1 expression in HBE cells. Beas-2B cells overexpressing PD-L1 showed higher levels of ROS production, DNA damage, and apoptosis after DEPs treatment compared to control cells. In particular, the expression of an antioxidant enzyme heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of Nrf2, a major regulator of HO-1, were lower in Beas-2B overexpressing PD-L1 cells than in control cells. DEPs-induced ROS generation, DNA damage and apoptosis in Beas-2B cells overexpressing PD-L1 were significantly restored by overexpressing HO-1. Collectively, our results suggest that DEPs can increase the expression of PD-L1 in HBE cells and that overexpressing PD-L1 might eventually promote DEPs-induced oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Kwon
- Department of ICT Environmental Health System, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Jung
- Department of ICT Environmental Health System, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sun Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Hui Kim
- Department of ICT Environmental Health System, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayeon Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Youjin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwon Shin
- Department of ICT Environmental Health System, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Soo Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konyang University Hospital and College of Medicine, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Hwang Cheong
- Drug Discovery Research Laboratories, Dong-A ST Co., Ltd., Yongin, 17073, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Sun Youn
- Department of ICT Environmental Health System, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Roul Kim
- Department of ICT Environmental Health System, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin-Aye Park
- Department of ICT Environmental Health System, Graduate School, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, 31538, Republic of Korea.
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Zhu Z, Chen M, Hu G, Pan Z, Han W, Tan W, Zhou Z, Wang M, Mao L, Li X, Sui X, Song L, Xu Y, Song W, Yu Y, Jin Z. A pre-treatment CT-based weighted radiomic approach combined with clinical characteristics to predict durable clinical benefits of immunotherapy in advanced lung cancer. Eur Radiol 2022; 33:3918-3930. [PMID: 36515714 PMCID: PMC9748402 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-09337-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop a pre-treatment CT-based predictive model to anticipate inoperable lung cancer patients' progression-free survival (PFS) to immunotherapy. METHODS This single-center retrospective study developed and cross-validated a radiomic model in 185 patients and tested it in 48 patients. The binary endpoint is the durable clinical benefit (DCB, PFS ≥ 6 months) and non-DCB (NDCB, PFS < 6 months). Radiomic features were extracted from multiple intrapulmonary lesions and weighted by an attention-based multiple-instance learning model. Aggregated features were then selected through L2-regularized ridge regression. Five machine-learning classifiers were conducted to build predictive models using radiomic and clinical features alone and then together. Lastly, the predictive value of the model with the best performance was validated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS The predictive models based on the weighted radiomic approach showed superior performance across all classifiers (AUCs: 0.75-0.82) compared with the largest lesion approach (AUCs: 0.70-0.78) and the average sum approach (AUCs: 0.64-0.80). Among them, the logistic regression model yielded the most balanced performance (AUC = 0.87 [95%CI 0.84-0.89], 0.75 [0.68-0.82], 0.80 [0.68-0.92] in the training, validation, and test cohort respectively). The addition of five clinical characteristics significantly enhanced the performance of radiomic-only model (train: AUC 0.91 [0.89-0.93], p = .042; validation: AUC 0.86 [0.80-0.91], p = .011; test: AUC 0.86 [0.76-0.96], p = .026). Kaplan-Meier analysis of the radiomic-based predictive models showed a clear stratification between classifier-predicted DCB versus NDCB for PFS (HR = 2.40-2.95, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The adoption of weighted radiomic features from multiple intrapulmonary lesions has the potential to predict long-term PFS benefits for patients who are candidates for PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapies. KEY POINTS • Weighted radiomic-based model derived from multiple intrapulmonary lesions on pre-treatment CT images has the potential to predict durable clinical benefits of immunotherapy in lung cancer. • Early line immunotherapy is associated with longer progression-free survival in advanced lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchen Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China ,4+4 Medical Doctor Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Minjiang Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Ge Hu
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Zhengsong Pan
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China ,4+4 Medical Doctor Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medicine Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005 China
| | - Weixiong Tan
- Deepwise Artificial Intelligence (AI) Lab, Beijing Deepwise & League of PhD technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100080 China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Deepwise Artificial Intelligence (AI) Lab, Beijing Deepwise & League of PhD technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100080 China
| | - Mengzhao Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Li Mao
- Deepwise Artificial Intelligence (AI) Lab, Beijing Deepwise & League of PhD technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100080 China
| | - Xiuli Li
- Deepwise Artificial Intelligence (AI) Lab, Beijing Deepwise & League of PhD technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100080 China
| | - Xin Sui
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Lan Song
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Yizhou Yu
- Department of Computer Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
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Identifying the Role of Oxidative Stress-Related Genes as Prognostic Biomarkers and Predicting the Response of Immunotherapy and Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6575534. [PMID: 36561981 PMCID: PMC9764017 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6575534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most frequently seen and fatal gynecological malignancies, and oxidative stress (OS) plays a critical role in the development and chemoresistance of OC. Materials and Methods OS-related genes (OSRGs) were obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database. Besides, gene expression profiles and clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were selected to identify the prognostic OSRGs. Moreover, univariate Cox regression, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted sequentially to establish a prognostic signature, which was later validated in three independent Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Next, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and tumor mutation burden (TMB) analysis were performed. Afterwards, immune checkpoint genes (ICGs) and the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) algorithm, together with IMvigor210 and GSE78220 cohorts, were applied to comprehensively explore the role of OSRG signature in immunotherapy. Further, the CellMiner and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) databases were also applied in investigating the significance of OSRG signature in chemotherapy. Results Altogether, 34 prognostic OSRGs were identified, among which 14 were chosen to establish the most valuable prognostic signature. The Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis suggested that patients with lower OS-related risk score had better prognosis. The area under the curve (AUC) values were 0.71, 0.76, and 0.85 in 3, 5, and 7 years separately, and the stability of this prognostic signature was confirmed in three GEO datasets. As revealed by GSEA and TMB analysis results, OC patients in low-risk group might have better immunotherapeutic response, which was consistent with ICG expression and TIDE analyses. Moreover, both IMvigor210 and GSE78220 cohorts demonstrated that patients with lower OS-related risk score were more likely to benefit from anti-PD-1/L1 immunotherapy. In addition, the association between prognostic signature and drug sensitivity was explored. Conclusion According to our results in this work, OSRG signature can act as a powerful prognostic predictor for OC, which contributes to generating more individualized therapeutic strategies for OC patients.
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Li C, Xue Y, Ba X, Wang R. The Role of 8-oxoG Repair Systems in Tumorigenesis and Cancer Therapy. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233798. [PMID: 36497058 PMCID: PMC9735852 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is highly correlated with the accumulation of mutations. The abundant and extensive DNA oxidation product, 8-Oxoguanine (8-oxoG), can cause mutations if it is not repaired by 8-oxoG repair systems. Therefore, the accumulation of 8-oxoG plays an essential role in tumorigenesis. To avoid the accumulation of 8-oxoG in the genome, base excision repair (BER), initiated by 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase1 (OGG1), is responsible for the removal of genomic 8-oxoG. It has been proven that 8-oxoG levels are significantly elevated in cancer cells compared with cells of normal tissues, and the induction of DNA damage by some antitumor drugs involves direct or indirect interference with BER, especially through inducing the production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can lead to tumor cell death. In addition, the absence of the core components of BER can result in embryonic or early post-natal lethality in mice. Therefore, targeting 8-oxoG repair systems with inhibitors is a promising avenue for tumor therapy. In this study, we summarize the impact of 8-oxoG accumulation on tumorigenesis and the current status of cancer therapy approaches exploiting 8-oxoG repair enzyme targeting, as well as possible synergistic lethality strategies involving exogenous ROS-inducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunshuang Li
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Education, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yaoyao Xue
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Education, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xueqing Ba
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Education, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Correspondence: (X.B.); (R.W.)
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
- Correspondence: (X.B.); (R.W.)
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Adinew GM, Messeha SS, Taka E, Badisa RB, Soliman KFA. Anticancer Effects of Thymoquinone through the Antioxidant Activity, Upregulation of Nrf2, and Downregulation of PD-L1 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224787. [PMID: 36432484 PMCID: PMC9695946 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The variety of therapies available for treating and preventing triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is constrained by the absence of progesterone receptors, estrogen receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Nrf2 (nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor), and PD-L1 (program cell death ligand 1), a downstream signaling target, have a strong correlation to oxidative stress and inflammation, major factors in the development and progression of TNBC. In this study, the genetically distinct MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 TNBC cells were treated with the natural component thymoquinone (TQ). The results show that TQ exhibits considerable antioxidant activity and decreases the generation of H2O2, at the same time increasing catalase (CAT) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme, and glutathione (GSH). Additionally, the results show that TQ treatment increased the levels of the different genes involved in the oxidative stress-antioxidant defense system PRNP, NQO1, and GCLM in both cell lines with significant large-fold change in MDA-MB-468 cells (+157.65 vs. +1.7, +48.87 vs. +2.63 and +4.78 vs. +2.17), respectively. Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression were also significantly increased in TQ-treated TNBC cells despite being higher in MDA-MB-468 cells (6.67 vs. 4.06). Meanwhile, TQ administration increased mRNA levels while decreasing PD-L1 protein expression in both cell lines. In conclusion, TQ modifies the expression of multiple oxidative-stress-antioxidant system genes, ROS, antioxidant enzymes, Nrf2, and PD-L1 protein, pointing to the therapeutic potential and chemopreventive utilization of TQ in TNBC.
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Kuo CL, Ponneri Babuharisankar A, Lin YC, Lien HW, Lo YK, Chou HY, Tangeda V, Cheng LC, Cheng AN, Lee AYL. Mitochondrial oxidative stress in the tumor microenvironment and cancer immunoescape: foe or friend? J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:74. [PMID: 36154922 PMCID: PMC9511749 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00859-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The major concept of "oxidative stress" is an excess elevated level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are generated from vigorous metabolism and consumption of oxygen. The precise harmonization of oxidative stresses between mitochondria and other organelles in the cell is absolutely vital to cell survival. Under oxidative stress, ROS produced from mitochondria and are the major mediator for tumorigenesis in different aspects, such as proliferation, migration/invasion, angiogenesis, inflammation, and immunoescape to allow cancer cells to adapt to the rigorous environment. Accordingly, the dynamic balance of oxidative stresses not only orchestrate complex cell signaling events in cancer cells but also affect other components in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Immune cells, such as M2 macrophages, dendritic cells, and T cells are the major components of the immunosuppressive TME from the ROS-induced inflammation. Based on this notion, numerous strategies to mitigate oxidative stresses in tumors have been tested for cancer prevention or therapies; however, these manipulations are devised from different sources and mechanisms without established effectiveness. Herein, we integrate current progress regarding the impact of mitochondrial ROS in the TME, not only in cancer cells but also in immune cells, and discuss the combination of emerging ROS-modulating strategies with immunotherapies to achieve antitumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Liang Kuo
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ananth Ponneri Babuharisankar
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan.,Joint PhD Program in Molecular Medicine, NHRI & NCU, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chen Lin
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Lien
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yu Kang Lo
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yu Chou
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Vidhya Tangeda
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan.,Joint PhD Program in Molecular Medicine, NHRI & NCU, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chun Cheng
- Liver Research Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - An Ning Cheng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Alan Yueh-Luen Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan. .,Joint PhD Program in Molecular Medicine, NHRI & NCU, Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan. .,Department of Life Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Technology, National Central University, Zhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. .,Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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Gupta P, Makkar TK, Goel L, Pahuja M. Role of inflammation and oxidative stress in chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity. Immunol Res 2022; 70:725-741. [PMID: 35859244 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic agents may adversely affect the nervous system, including the neural precursor cells as well as the white matter. Although the mechanisms are not completely understood, several hypotheses connecting inflammation and oxidative stress with neurotoxicity are now emerging. The proposed mechanisms differ depending on the class of drug. For example, toxicity due to cisplatin occurs due to activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), which alters hippocampal long-term potentiation. Free radical injury is also involved in the cisplatin-mediated neurotoxicity as dysregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been seen which protects against the free radical injury by regulating glutathione S-transferases and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1). Thus, correcting the imbalance between NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways may alleviate cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity. With newer agents like bortezomib, peripheral neuropathy occurs due to up-regulation of TNF-α and IL-6 in the sensory neurons. Superoxide dismutase dysregulation is also involved in bortezomib-induced neuropathy. This article reviews the available literature on inflammation and oxidative stress in neurotoxicity caused by various classes of chemotherapeutic agents. It covers the conventional medicines like platinum compounds, vinca alkaloids, and methotrexate, as well as the newer therapeutic agents like immunomodulators and immune checkpoint inhibitors. A better understanding of the pathophysiology will lead to further advancement in strategies for management of chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India. .,Coordinator, AIIMS Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Centre, Pharmacovigilance Program of India, New Delhi, India.
| | - Tavneet Kaur Makkar
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Lavisha Goel
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Monika Pahuja
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
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Natural killer cell awakening: unleash cancer-immunity cycle against glioblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:588. [PMID: 35803912 PMCID: PMC9270460 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05041-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Due to the negligence of the complex tumor immune microenvironment, traditional treatment for glioblastoma has reached its limitation and cannot achieve a satisfying outcome in the past decade. The emergence of immunotherapy based on the theory of cancer-immunity cycle has brought a new dawn to glioblastoma patients. However, the results of most phase II and phase III clinical trials are not optimistic due to the simple focus on T cells activation rather than other immune cells involved in anti-tumor immunity. NK cells play a critical role in both innate and adaptive immunity, having the ability to coordinate immune response in inflammation, autoimmune disease and cancer. They are expected to cooperate with T cells to maximize the anti-tumor immune effect and have great potential in treating glioblastoma. Here, we describe the traditional treatment methods and current immunotherapy strategies for glioblastoma. Then, we list a microenvironment map and discuss the reasons for glioblastoma inhibitory immunity from multiple perspectives. More importantly, we focus on the advantages of NK cells as potential immune regulatory cells and the ways to maximize their anti-tumor immune effect. Finally, our outlook on the directions and potential applications of NK cell-based therapy combining with the advance technologies is presented. This review depicts NK cell awakening as the precondition to unleash the cancer-immunity cycle against glioblastoma and elaborate this idea from biology to clinical treatment.
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Shelkey E, Oommen D, Stirling ER, Soto-Pantoja DR, Cook KL, Lu Y, Votanopoulos KI, Soker S. Immuno-reactive cancer organoid model to assess effects of the microbiome on cancer immunotherapy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9983. [PMID: 35705580 PMCID: PMC9200712 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13930-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has demonstrated good efficacy in many cancer types. In cancers such as non-resectable advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), it has recently been approved as a promising treatment. However, clinical data shows overall response rates (ORRs) from ~ 3-40% in breast cancer patients, depending on subtype, previous treatments, and mutation status. Composition of the host-microbiome has a significant role in cancer development and therapeutic responsiveness. Some bacterial families are conducive to oncogenesis and progression, while others aid innate and therapeutically induced anti-tumor immunity. Modeling microbiome effects on anti-tumor immunity in ex vivo systems is challenging, forcing the use of in vivo models, making it difficult to dissect direct effects on immune cells from combined effects on tumor and immune cells. We developed a novel immune-enhanced tumor organoid (iTO) system to study factors affecting ICB response. Using the 4T1 TNBC murine cell line and matched splenocytes, we demonstrated ICB-induced response. Further administration of bacterial-derived metabolites from species found in the immunomodulatory host-microbiome significantly increased ICB-induced apoptosis of tumor cells and altered immune cell receptor expression. These outcomes represent a method to isolate individual factors that alter ICB response and streamline the study of microbiome effects on ICB efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Shelkey
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - David Oommen
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA
- Current Address: Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | | | | | | | - Yong Lu
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
- Current Address: Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Shay Soker
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA.
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
- Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA.
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40
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Guo CL. Self-Sustained Regulation or Self-Perpetuating Dysregulation: ROS-dependent HIF-YAP-Notch Signaling as a Double-Edged Sword on Stem Cell Physiology and Tumorigenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:862791. [PMID: 35774228 PMCID: PMC9237464 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.862791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ development, homeostasis, and repair often rely on bidirectional, self-organized cell-niche interactions, through which cells select cell fate, such as stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. The niche contains multiplexed chemical and mechanical factors. How cells interpret niche structural information such as the 3D topology of organs and integrate with multiplexed mechano-chemical signals is an open and active research field. Among all the niche factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have recently gained growing interest. Once considered harmful, ROS are now recognized as an important niche factor in the regulation of tissue mechanics and topology through, for example, the HIF-YAP-Notch signaling pathways. These pathways are not only involved in the regulation of stem cell physiology but also associated with inflammation, neurological disorder, aging, tumorigenesis, and the regulation of the immune checkpoint molecule PD-L1. Positive feedback circuits have been identified in the interplay of ROS and HIF-YAP-Notch signaling, leading to the possibility that under aberrant conditions, self-organized, ROS-dependent physiological regulations can be switched to self-perpetuating dysregulation, making ROS a double-edged sword at the interface of stem cell physiology and tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on how ROS and tissue mechanics affect YAP-HIF-Notch-PD-L1 signaling, hoping that the knowledge can be used to design strategies for stem cell-based and ROS-targeting therapy and tissue engineering.
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Wu Q, You L, Nepovimova E, Heger Z, Wu W, Kuca K, Adam V. Hypoxia-inducible factors: master regulators of hypoxic tumor immune escape. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:77. [PMID: 35659268 PMCID: PMC9166526 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01292-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, a common feature of the tumor microenvironment in various types of cancers, weakens cytotoxic T cell function and causes recruitment of regulatory T cells, thereby reducing tumoral immunogenicity. Studies have demonstrated that hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) 1 and 2 alpha (HIF1A and HIF2A) are involved in tumor immune escape. Under hypoxia, activation of HIF1A induces a series of signaling events, including through programmed death receptor-1/programmed death ligand-1. Moreover, hypoxia triggers shedding of complex class I chain-associated molecules through nitric oxide signaling impairment to disrupt immune surveillance by natural killer cells. The HIF-1-galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 1-sulfatide axis enhances tumor immune escape via increased tumor cell-platelet binding. HIF2A upregulates stem cell factor expression to recruit tumor-infiltrating mast cells and increase levels of cytokines interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β, resulting in an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Additionally, HIF1A upregulates expression of tumor-associated long noncoding RNAs and suppresses immune cell function, enabling tumor immune escape. Overall, elucidating the underlying mechanisms by which HIFs promote evasion of tumor immune surveillance will allow for targeting HIF in tumor treatment. This review discusses the current knowledge of how hypoxia and HIFs facilitate tumor immune escape, with evidence to date implicating HIF1A as a molecular target in such immune escape. This review provides further insight into the mechanism of tumor immune escape, and strategies for tumor immunotherapy are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Li You
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, 613 00, Czech Republic.,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Wenda Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China. .,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, 613 00, Czech Republic. .,Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, 602 00, Czech Republic.
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Unveiling the Molecular Mechanisms Driving the Capsaicin-Induced Immunomodulatory Effects on PD-L1 Expression in Bladder and Renal Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112644. [PMID: 35681623 PMCID: PMC9179445 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Over time, capsaicin (CPS) has been considered both a potential anti-cancer and pro-cancer molecule. Hence, the diversity of CPS functioning has already been established. Now, exploration of its application with immunotherapies might open up a new avenue in cancer therapy. Herein, the application of CPS as an immunoadjuvant to overcome the tumor’s immune-escaping mechanisms or to increase immune checkpoint therapy has been approached. In bladder cancer, the interaction of CPS with its receptor TRPV1 increases PD-L1 expression, promoting a tumorigenic effect and also providing a target for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. On the contrary, in renal cell carcinoma, CPS downregulates PD-L1 expression in a TRPV1-independent manner, suggesting a potential application of CPS as an immune-adjuvant in this type of cancer. Abstract The blockade of the PD-L1/PD-1 immune checkpoint has promising efficacy in cancer treatment. However, few patients with bladder cancer (BC) or renal cell carcinoma (RCC) respond to this approach. Thus, it is important to implement a strategy to stimulate the immune anti-tumor response. In this scenario, our study evaluated the effects of a low capsaicin (CPS) dose in BC and RCC cell lines. Western blot, qRT-PCR and confocal microscopy were used to assess PD-L1 mRNA and protein expression. Alterations to the cellular oxidative status and changes to the antioxidant NME4 levels, mRNA modulation of cytokines, growth factors, transcriptional factors and oncogene, and the activation of Stat1/Stat3 pathways were examined using Western blot, cytofluorimetry and qRT-PCR profiling assays. In BC, CPS triggers an altered stress oxidative-mediated DNA double-strand break response and increases the PD-L1 expression. On the contrary, in RCC, CPS, by stimulating an efficient DNA damage repair response, thus triggering protein carbonylation, reduces the PD-L1 expression. Overall, our results show that CPS mediates a multi-faceted approach. In modulating PD-L1 expression, there is a rationale for CPS exploitation as a stimulus that increases BC cells’ response to immunotherapy or as an immune adjuvant to improve the efficacy of the conventional therapy in RCC patients.
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Antioxidant Properties and Aldehyde Reactivity of PD-L1 Targeted Aryl-Pyrazolone Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103316. [PMID: 35630791 PMCID: PMC9143004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecules targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint are actively searched to complement the anticancer arsenal. Different molecular scaffolds have been reported, including phenyl-pyrazolone derivatives which potently inhibit binding of PD-L1 to PD-1. These molecules are structurally close to antioxidant drug edaravone (EDA) used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. For this reason, we investigated the capacity of five PD-L1-binding phenyl-pyrazolone compounds (1–5) to scavenge the formation of oxygen free radicals using electron spin resonance spectroscopy with DPPH/DMPO probes. In addition, the reactivity of the compounds toward the oxidized base 5-formyluracil (5fU) was assessed using chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and photodiode array detectors. The data revealed that the phenyl-pyrazolone derivatives display antioxidant properties and exhibit a variable reactivity toward 5fU. Compound 2 with a N-dichlorophenyl-pyrazolone moiety cumulates the three properties, being a potent PD-L1 binder, a robust antioxidant and an aldehyde-reactive compound. On the opposite, the adamantane derivative 5 is a potent PD-L1 binding with a reduced antioxidant potential and no aldehyde reactivity. The nature of the substituent on the phenyl-pyrazolone core modulates the antioxidant capacity and reactivity toward aromatic aldehydes. The molecular signature of the compound can be adapted at will, to confer additional properties to these PD-L1 binders.
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Wu X, Zhang Q, Guo Y, Zhang H, Guo X, You Q, Wang L. Methods for the Discovery and Identification of Small Molecules Targeting Oxidative Stress-Related Protein–Protein Interactions: An Update. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040619. [PMID: 35453304 PMCID: PMC9025695 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The oxidative stress response pathway is one of the hotspots of current pharmaceutical research. Many proteins involved in these pathways work through protein–protein interactions (PPIs). Hence, targeting PPI to develop drugs for an oxidative stress response is a promising strategy. In recent years, small molecules targeting protein–protein interactions (PPIs), which provide efficient methods for drug discovery, are being investigated by an increasing number of studies. However, unlike the enzyme–ligand binding mode, PPIs usually exhibit large and dynamic binding interfaces, which raise additional challenges for the discovery and optimization of small molecules and for the biochemical techniques used to screen compounds and study structure–activity relationships (SARs). Currently, multiple types of PPIs have been clustered into different classes, which make it difficult to design stationary methods for small molecules. Deficient experimental methods are plaguing medicinal chemists and are becoming a major challenge in the discovery of PPI inhibitors. In this review, we present current methods that are specifically used in the discovery and identification of small molecules that target oxidative stress-related PPIs, including proximity-based, affinity-based, competition-based, structure-guided, and function-based methods. Our aim is to introduce feasible methods and their characteristics that are implemented in the discovery of small molecules for different types of PPIs. For each of these methods, we highlight successful examples of PPI inhibitors associated with oxidative stress to illustrate the strategies and provide insights for further design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hengheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaoke Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Correspondence: (X.G.); (Q.Y.); (L.W.); Tel.: +86-025-83271351 (Q.Y.); +86-15261483858 (L.W.)
| | - Qidong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Correspondence: (X.G.); (Q.Y.); (L.W.); Tel.: +86-025-83271351 (Q.Y.); +86-15261483858 (L.W.)
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.W.); (Q.Z.); (Y.G.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Correspondence: (X.G.); (Q.Y.); (L.W.); Tel.: +86-025-83271351 (Q.Y.); +86-15261483858 (L.W.)
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Munansangu BSM, Kenyon C, Walzl G, Loxton AG, Kotze LA, du Plessis N. Immunometabolism of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: Implications for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Insights from Tumor Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073512. [PMID: 35408873 PMCID: PMC8998693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of immunometabolism seeks to decipher the complex interplay between the immune system and the associated metabolic pathways. The role of small molecules that can target specific metabolic pathways and subsequently alter the immune landscape provides a desirable platform for new therapeutic interventions. Immunotherapeutic targeting of suppressive cell populations, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), by small molecules has shown promise in pathologies such as cancer and support testing of similar host-directed therapeutic approaches in MDSC-inducing conditions such as tuberculosis (TB). MDSC exhibit a remarkable ability to suppress T-cell responses in those with TB disease. In tumors, MDSC exhibit considerable plasticity and can undergo metabolic reprogramming from glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to facilitate their immunosuppressive functions. In this review we look at the role of MDSC during M. tb infection and how their metabolic reprogramming aids in the exacerbation of active disease and highlight the possible MDSC-targeted metabolic pathways utilized during M. tb infection, suggesting ways to manipulate these cells in search of novel insights for anti-TB therapies.
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Mithramycin suppresses tumor growth by regulating CD47 and PD-L1 expression. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 197:114894. [PMID: 34968486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mithramycin A (MIT) has reacquired extensive research attention due to its anti-solid tumor activity and improved pharmacological production. Mechanismly, MIT was broadly used as a c-Myc inhibitor, and c-Myc regulated CD47 and PD-L1 expression which has been demonstrated. However, how MIT affects immune check-point molecules remains unknown. In this study, we found CD47 expression was higher in melanoma of pan-tissue array. MIT inhibited CD47 expression both in mRNA and protein level in melanoma cells (SK-MEL-28 and B16). MIT inhibited c-Myc, Sp-1 and CD47 expression in a concentration-dependent way. MIT inhibited the surface CD47 expression and promoted the phagocytosis of SK-MEL-28 cells by THP-1 cells. We found MIT inhibited tumor growth in melanoma allograft mice and CD47 expression in tumor mass. We also found MIT upregulated PD-L1 expression in cancer cells possibly via inhibiting PD-L1 ubiquitination, increasing ROS and IFN-γ. Combination of MIT and anti-PD-1 antibody showed enhanced antitumor activity compared to MIT and anti-PD-1 antibody alone in MC38 allograft mice. Using immune checkpoint array we found MIT inhibited expression of FasL and Galectin3. These results suggest that MIT inhibits CD47 expression, while improved PD-L1 expression. Furthermore, the combination of MIT and anti-PD-1 antibody exerts potent antitumor effect.
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Zhao W, Liu J, Li Y, Chen Z, Qi D, Zhang Z. Immune Effect of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:731741. [PMID: 34925002 PMCID: PMC8678494 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.731741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers are heterogeneous, poorly prognostic, and metastatic malignancies that result in a high risk of death for patients. Targeted therapy for triple-negative breast cancer has been extremely challenging due to the lack of expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Clinical treatment regimens for triple-negative breast cancer are often based on paclitaxel and platinum drugs, but drug resistance and side effects from the drugs frequently lead to treatment failure, thus requiring the development of new therapeutic platforms. In recent years, research on traditional Chinese medicine in modulating the immune function of the body has shown that it has the potential to be an effective treatment option against triple-negative breast cancer. Active components of herbal medicines such as alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, and polysaccharides have been shown to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by activating inflammatory immune responses and can modulate tumor-related signaling pathways to further inhibit the invasion of triple-negative breast cancer. This paper reviews the immunomodulatory mechanisms of different herbal active ingredients against triple-negative breast cancer and provides an outlook on the challenges and directions of development for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer with herbal active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhao
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jinhua Liu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yaqun Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zichao Chen
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dongmei Qi
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Bedhiafi T, Inchakalody VP, Fernandes Q, Mestiri S, Billa N, Uddin S, Merhi M, Dermime S. The potential role of vitamin C in empowering cancer immunotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112553. [PMID: 34923342 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C also known as L-ascorbic acid is a nutrient naturally occurring in many fruits and vegetables and widely known for its potent antioxidant activity. Several studies have highlighted the importance of using high dose vitamin C as an adjuvant anti-cancer therapy. Interestingly, it has been shown that vitamin C is able to modulate the anti-cancer immune response and to help to overcome the resistance to immune checkpoints blockade (ICB) drugs such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CLTA-4) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1/PD-1) inhibitors. Indeed, it was reported that vitamin C regulates several mechanisms developed by cancer cells to escape T cells immune response and resist ICB. Understanding the role of vitamin C in the anti-tumor immune response will pave the way to the development of novel combination therapies that would enhance the response of cancer patients to ICB immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the effect of vitamin C on the immune system and its potential role in empowering cancer immunotherapy through its pro-oxidant potential, its ability to modulate epigenetic factors and its capacity to regulate the expression of different cytokines involved in the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takwa Bedhiafi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Varghese Philipose Inchakalody
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Queenie Fernandes
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sarra Mestiri
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Maysaloun Merhi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Said Dermime
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
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Wang J, Liu N, Jiang H, Li Q, Xing D. Reactive Oxygen Species in Anticancer Immunity: A Double-Edged Sword. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:784612. [PMID: 34869295 PMCID: PMC8635923 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.784612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical mediators in many physiological processes including innate and adaptive immunity, making the modulation of ROS level a powerful strategy to augment anticancer immunity. However, current evidences suggest the necessity of a deeper understanding of their multiple roles, which may vary with their concentration, location and the immune microenvironment they are in. Here, we have reviewed the reported effects of ROS on macrophage polarization, immune checkpoint blocking (ICB) therapy, T cell activation and expansion, as well as the induction of immunogenic cell death. A majority of reports are indicating detrimental effects of ROS, but it is unadvisable to simply scavenge them because of their pleiotropic effects in most occasions (except in T cell activation and expansion where ROS are generally undesirable). Therefore, clinical success will need a clearer illustration of their multi-faced functions, as well as more advanced technologies to tune ROS level with high spatiotemporal control and species-specificity. With such progresses, the efficacy of current immunotherapies will be greatly improved by combining with ROS-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongfei Jiang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Li
- Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongming Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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50
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Tyagi A, Haq S, Ramakrishna S. Redox regulation of DUBs and its therapeutic implications in cancer. Redox Biol 2021; 48:102194. [PMID: 34814083 PMCID: PMC8608616 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as a double-edged sword in cancer, where low levels of ROS are beneficial but excessive accumulation leads to cancer progression. Elevated levels of ROS in cancer are counteracted by the antioxidant defense system. An imbalance between ROS generation and the antioxidant system alters gene expression and cellular signaling, leading to cancer progression or death. Post-translational modifications, such as ubiquitination, phosphorylation, and SUMOylation, play a critical role in the maintenance of ROS homeostasis by controlling ROS production and clearance. Recent evidence suggests that deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs)-mediated ubiquitin removal from substrates is regulated by ROS. ROS-mediated oxidation of the catalytic cysteine (Cys) of DUBs, leading to their reversible inactivation, has emerged as a key mechanism regulating DUB-controlled cellular events. A better understanding of the mechanism by which DUBs are susceptible to ROS and exploring the ways to utilize ROS to pharmacologically modulate DUB-mediated signaling pathways might provide new insight for anticancer therapeutics. This review assesses the recent findings regarding ROS-mediated signaling in cancers, emphasizes DUB regulation by oxidation, highlights the relevant recent findings, and proposes directions of future research based on the ROS-induced modifications of DUB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorvi Tyagi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Saba Haq
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea
| | - Suresh Ramakrishna
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea; College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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