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Remote Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma Generate a Similar Malignant Microenvironment of the Lung Stromal Counterpart. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:1011063. [PMID: 36733673 PMCID: PMC9889152 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1011063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer alters both local and distant tissue by influencing the microenvironment. In this regard, the interplay with the stromal fraction is considered critical as this latter can either foster or hamper the progression of the disease. Accordingly, the modality by which tumors may alter distant niches of stromal cells is still unclear, especially at early stages. In this short report, we attempt to better understand the biology of this cross-talk. In our "autologous stromal experimental setting," we found that remote adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (mediastinal AMSC) obtained from patients with lung adenocarcinoma sustain proliferation and clonogenic ability of A549 and human primary lung adenocarcinoma cells similarly to the autologous stromal lung counterpart (LMSC). This effect is not observed in lung benign diseases such as the hamartochondroma. This finding was validated by conditioning benign AMSC with supernatants from LAC for up to 21 days. The new reconditioned media of the stromal fraction so obtained, was able to increase cell proliferation of A549 cells at 14 and 21 days similar to that derived from AMSC of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The secretome generated by remote AMSC revealed overlapping to the corresponding malignant microenvironment of the autologous local LMSC. Among the plethora of 80 soluble factors analyzed by arrays, a small pool of 5 upregulated molecules including IL1-β, IL-3, MCP-1, TNF-α, and EGF, was commonly shared by both malignant-like autologous A- and L-MSC derived microenvironments vs those benign. The bioinformatics analysis revealed that these proteins were strictly and functionally interconnected to lung fibrosis and proinflammation and that miR-126, 101, 486, and let-7-g were their main targets. Accordingly, we found that in lung cancer tissues and blood samples from the same set of patients here employed, miR-126 and miR-486 displayed the highest expression levels in tissue and blood, respectively. When the miR-126-3p was silenced in A549 treated with AMSC-derived conditioned media from patients with lung adenocarcinoma, cell proliferation decreased compared to control media.
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Sentek H, Klein D. Lung-Resident Mesenchymal Stem Cell Fates within Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184637. [PMID: 34572864 PMCID: PMC8472774 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Herein, the heterogeneous tumor stroma decisively impacts on tumor progression, therapy resistance, and, thus, poor clinical outcome. Among the numerous non-epithelial cells constructing the complex environment of lung carcinomas, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) gained attraction being stromal precursor cells that could be recruited and ‘educated’ by lung cancer cells to adopt a tumor-associated MSC phenotype, serve as source for activated fibroblasts and presumably for vascular mural cells finally reinforcing tumor progression. Lung-resident MSCs should be considered as ‘local MSCs in stand by’ ready to be arranged within the cancer stroma. Abstract Lung-resident mesenchymal stem cells (LR-MSCs) are non-hematopoietic multipotent stromal cells that predominately reside adventitial within lung blood vessels. Based on their self-renewal and differentiation properties, LR-MSCs turned out to be important regulators of normal lung homeostasis. LR-MSCs exert beneficial effects mainly by local secretion of various growth factors and cytokines that in turn foster pulmonary regeneration including suppression of inflammation. At the same time, MSCs derived from various tissues of origins represent the first choice of cells for cell-based therapeutic applications in clinical medicine. Particularly for various acute as well as chronic lung diseases, the therapeutic applications of exogenous MSCs were shown to mediate beneficial effects, hereby improving lung function and survival. In contrast, endogenous MSCs of normal lungs seem not to be sufficient for lung tissue protection or repair following a pathological trigger; LR-MSCs could even contribute to initiation and/or progression of lung diseases, particularly lung cancer because of their inherent tropism to migrate towards primary tumors and metastatic sites. However, the role of endogenous LR-MSCs to be multipotent tumor-associated (stromal) precursors remains to be unraveled. Here, we summarize the recent knowledge how ‘cancer-educated’ LR-MSCs impact on lung cancer with a focus on mesenchymal stem cell fates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Klein
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-201-7238-3342
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Hou J, Zhao N, Zhu P, Chang J, Du Y, Shen W. Irradiated mesenchymal stem cells support stemness maintenance of hepatocellular carcinoma stem cells through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:93. [PMID: 32774840 PMCID: PMC7398068 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00449-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer stem cells are the main reason of relapse, metastasis and resistance to anti-cancer therapies of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an important part of the tumor microenvironment. MSCs have been demonstrated to be involved in drug resistance in tumor. How MSCs contribute to radiotherapy resistance of HCC is still indistinct. Methods Flow cytometry analysis was performed to isolate CD133+ cells from HCC cell lines Huh7 and PLC. The stemness of Huh7-CD133 and PLC-CD133 those were co-cultured with IR-MSCs were investigated by Colony formation assay. Tumor formation in nude mice was used to explore the tumorigenicity of CD133+ cancer cells. The activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in CSCs were also detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results We report that irradiated MSCs (IR-MSCs) could increase the ratio of CD133+ cells in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. IR-MSCs could promote stemness maintenance of HCC stem cells. After co-cultured with IR-MSCs, liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) presented increased colony formation ability and tumor formation ability. We also found IR-MSCs promoted Wnt expression of CSCs. Reverse suppression experiment showed that when Wnt inhibitor was added into the culture medium, the effect of IR-MSCs on stemness maintenance was counteracted. Conclusions These data showed that IR-MSCs could support stemness maintenance of CSCs by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hou
- GCP Office, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 People's Republic of China
| | - Naping Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Pengxi Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Naval Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Jun Chang
- GCP Office, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Du
- GCP Office, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shen
- GCP Office, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092 People's Republic of China
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Galland S, Martin P, Fregni G, Letovanec I, Stamenkovic I. Attenuation of the pro-inflammatory signature of lung cancer-derived mesenchymal stromal cells by statins. Cancer Lett 2020; 484:50-64. [PMID: 32418888 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Solid tumor growth triggers a dynamic host response, which recapitulates wound healing and defines the tumor microenvironment (TME). In addition to the action of the tumor cells themselves, the TME is maintained by a myriad of immune and stromal cell-derived soluble mediators and extracellular matrix components whose combined action supports tumor progression. However, therapeutic targeting of the TME has proven challenging because of incomplete understanding of the tumor-host crosstalk at the molecular level. Here, we investigated the crosstalk between mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and primary cancer cells (PCCs) from human squamous cell lung carcinoma (SCC). We discovered that PCCs secrete CCL3 and stimulate IL-6, CCL2, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression in MSCs and that the MSC-PCC crosstalk can be disrupted by the lipid-lowering drug simvastatin, which displays pleiotropic effects on cell metabolism and suppresses IL-6 and CCL2 production by MSCs and CCL3 secretion by PCCs. In addition, simvastatin inhibited spheroid formation by PCCs and negatively affected PCC survival. Our observations demonstrate that commonly used statins may be repurposed to target the TME in lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Galland
- Experimental Pathology Service, Institute of Pathology, CHUV, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 25, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Patricia Martin
- Experimental Pathology Service, Institute of Pathology, CHUV, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 25, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Fregni
- Experimental Pathology Service, Institute of Pathology, CHUV, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 25, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Igor Letovanec
- Clinical Pathology Service, Institute of Pathology, CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 25, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Stamenkovic
- Experimental Pathology Service, Institute of Pathology, CHUV, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 25, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
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5
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Galland S, Stamenkovic I. Mesenchymal stromal cells in cancer: a review of their immunomodulatory functions and dual effects on tumor progression. J Pathol 2019; 250:555-572. [PMID: 31608444 PMCID: PMC7217065 DOI: 10.1002/path.5357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSCs) are pluripotent cells implicated in a broad range of physiological events, including organogenesis and maintenance of tissue homeostasis as well as tissue regeneration and repair. Because their current definition is somewhat loose – based primarily on their ability to differentiate into a variety of mesenchymal tissues, adhere to plastic, and express, or lack, a handful of cell surface markers – MSCs likely encompass several subpopulations, which may have diverse properties. Their diversity may explain, at least in part, the pleiotropic functions that they display in different physiological and pathological settings. In the context of tissue injury, MSCs can respectively promote and attenuate inflammation during the early and late phases of tissue repair. They may thereby act as sensors of the inflammatory response and secrete mediators that boost or temper the response as required by the stage of the reparatory and regenerative process. MSCs are also implicated in regulating tumor development, in which they are increasingly recognized to play a complex role. Thus, MSCs can both promote and constrain tumor progression by directly affecting tumor cells via secreted mediators and cell–cell interactions and by modulating the innate and adaptive immune response. This review summarizes our current understanding of MSC involvement in tumor development and highlights the mechanistic underpinnings of their implication in tumor growth and progression. © 2020 Authors. Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Galland
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Stamenkovic
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ma J, Li J, Wang Y, Chen W, Zheng P, Chen Y, Sun Z, Liu J, Zhou Y, Wang J, Liu S, Han X. WSZG inhibits BMSC-induced EMT and bone metastasis in breast cancer by regulating TGF-β1/Smads signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 121:109617. [PMID: 31810139 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metastasis of breast cancer causes severe skeletal-related events and poor prognosis. Wensheng Zhuanggu Formula (WSZG), a traditional Chinese prescription, is used to adjunctively treat breast cancer bone metastases in clinical practice. This study was undertaken to investigate the antibone-metastatic activities and mechanisms of WSZG extract by evaluating the effect of this formula on the cross-talk between bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and breast cancer cells in triggering epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vivo and in vitro. The results demonstrated that BMSCs might enhance the invasive and metastatic potentials of breast cancer cells as a consequence of EMT induction through direct cell-to-cell contact. WSZG treatment remarkably suppressed motility, invasion, EMT-related gene, and protein markers in BMSC-conditioned breast cancer cells and ameliorated bone metastases and damages in nude mice following co-injection of BMSCs and MDA-MB-231BO breast cancer cells. Further investigation showed that the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smads pathway was an important mechanism enabling BMSCs to induce EMT occurrence of breast cancer cells. WSZG treatment reversed BMSC-induced EMT by downregulating TGF-β1/Smads signaling. Thus, WSZG extracts may be regarded as a potential antibone-metastatic agent for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Ma
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weiling Chen
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peiyong Zheng
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yueqiang Chen
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhenping Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yin Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianyi Wang
- Department of Liver Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Sheng Liu
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xianghui Han
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
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7
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Zhang YM, Liu YQ, Liu D, Zhang L, Qin J, Zhang Z, Su Y, Yan C, Luo YL, Li J, Xie X, Guan Q. The Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharide on Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Morphology Induced by A549 Lung Cancer Cells. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:4110-4121. [PMID: 31154455 PMCID: PMC6561146 DOI: 10.12659/msm.914219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The tumor microenvironment in lung cancer plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) co-cultured with A549 lung cancer cells show changes in morphology, increase cell proliferation, and cell migration. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on the changes induced in bone marrow-derived MSCs by A549 lung cancer cells in vitro. Material/Methods Bone marrow-derived MSCs were co-cultured with A549 cells (Co-BMSCs). Co-cultured bone marrow-derived MSCs and A549 cells treated with 50 μg/ml of APS (Co-BMSCs + APS) were compared with untreated Co-BMSCs. Cell proliferation was measured using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Flow cytometry evaluated the cell cycle. Microarray assays for mRNA expression and Western blot for protein expression were used. Results Compared with untreated Co-BMSCs, APS treatment of Co-BMSCs improved cell morphology, reduced cell proliferation, and inhibited cell cycle arrest. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, TP53, caspase-3, acetylated H4K5, acetylated H4K8, and acetylated H3K9 were involved in the regulatory process. Conclusions APS treatment reduced cell proliferation and morphological changes in bone marrow-derived MSCs that were co-cultured with A549 lung cancer cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Mei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Yong-Qi Liu
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medical and Transformation, Ministry of Education of The People's Republic of China, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Dongling Liu
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Liying Zhang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Jie Qin
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Yun Su
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Chunlu Yan
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Ya-Li Luo
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Jintian Li
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland).,Key Laboratory of Dunhuang Medical and Transformation, Ministry of Education of The People's Republic of China, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- Institute of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
| | - Quanlin Guan
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China (mainland)
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Shen Y, Xue C, Li X, Ba L, Gu J, Sun Z, Han Q, Zhao RC. Effects of Gastric Cancer Cell-Derived Exosomes on the Immune Regulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by the NF-kB Signaling Pathway. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:464-476. [PMID: 30717632 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important components of the tumor microenvironment, which play an important role in tumor development. Exosomes derived from tumor cells can affect the biological characteristics of MSCs. Our study examined the effects of exosomes derived from gastric cancer cells on MSC immunomodulatory functions. Exosomes were extracted from gastric cancer cell line AGS (AGS-Exos) and cultured with MSCs. MSCs were then cocultured with both human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and macrophages [phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-stimulated THP1 cells]. The activation levels of T cells and macrophages were detected by flow cytometry and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Changes in the MSC signaling pathway after AGS-Exos stimulation were studied using RNA Chip, and the molecular mechanisms of functional change in MSCs were studied by inhibiting the signaling pathway. MSCs treated with AGS-Exos could promote macrophage phagocytosis and upregulate the secretion of proinflammatory factor, and promote the activation of CD69 and CD25 on the surface of T cells. RNA Chip results indicated the abnormal activation of the NF-kB signaling pathway in MSCs after AGS-Exos stimulation, and this was verified by the identification of key proteins in the pathway using western blot analysis. After NF-kB signaling pathway inhibition, the effect of MSCs stimulated by AGS-Exos on T cells and macrophages was markedly weakened. Therefore, AGS-Exos affected the immunomodulation function of MSCs through the NF-kB signaling pathway, which enhanced the ability of MSCs to activate immune cells, maintain the inflammatory environment, and support tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Shen
- 1 Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No. BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunling Xue
- 1 Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No. BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechun Li
- 1 Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No. BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ba
- 1 Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No. BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Gu
- 2 Department of Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Sun
- 2 Department of Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Han
- 1 Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No. BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Robert Chunhua Zhao
- 1 Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No. BZO381), Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Bioinstructive microparticles for self-assembly of mesenchymal stem Cell-3D tumor spheroids. Biomaterials 2018; 185:155-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Attar-Schneider O, Drucker L, Gottfried M. The effect of mesenchymal stem cells' secretome on lung cancer progression is contingent on their origin: primary or metastatic niche. J Transl Med 2018; 98:1549-1561. [PMID: 30089856 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The fatality of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the role of the cancer microenvironment in its resistance to therapy are long recognized. Accumulating data allocate a significant role for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the malignant environment. Previously, we have demonstrated that MSCs from NSCLC metastatic bone marrow (BM) niche deleteriously affected NSCLC cells. Here, we have decided to examine the effect of MSCs from the primary niche of the lung (healthy or adjacent to tumor) on NSCLC phenotype. We cultured NSCLC cell lines with healthy/NSCLC lung-MSCs conditioned media (secretome) and showed elevation in cells' MAPKs and translation initiation signals, proliferation, viability, death, and migration. We also established enhanced autophagy and epithelial to mesenchymal transition processes. Moreover, we observed that MSCs from tumor adjacent sites (pathological niche) exhibited a more profound effect than MSCs from healthy lung tissue. Our findings underscore the capacity of the lung-MSCs to modulate NSCLC phenotype. Interestingly, both tumor adjacent (pathological) and distant lung-MSCs (healthy) promoted the NSCLC's TI, proliferation, migration, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition, yet the pathological MSCs displayed a greater affect. In conclusion, by comparing the effects of normal lung-MSCs, NSCLC adjacent MSCs, and BM-MSCs, we have established that the primary and metastatic niches display opposite and critical effects that promote the cancerous systemic state. Specifically, the primary site MSCs promote the expansion of the malignant clone and its dispersion, whereas the metastatic site MSCs facilitates the cells re-seeding. We suggest that sabotaging the cross-talk between MSCs and NSCLC affords effective means to inhibit lung cancer progression and will require different targeting strategies in accordance with niche/disease stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oshrat Attar-Schneider
- Lung Cancer Research, Lung Cancer Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, 44281, Israel. .,Oncogenetic Laboratories, Lung Cancer Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, 44281, Israel. .,Department of Oncology, Lung Cancer Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, 44281, Israel.
| | - Liat Drucker
- Oncogenetic Laboratories, Lung Cancer Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, 44281, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Maya Gottfried
- Lung Cancer Research, Lung Cancer Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, 44281, Israel.,Department of Oncology, Lung Cancer Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, 44281, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
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11
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Visweswaran M, Keane KN, Arfuso F, Dilley RJ, Newsholme P, Dharmarajan A. The Influence of Breast Tumour-Derived Factors and Wnt Antagonism on the Transformation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Tumour-Associated Fibroblasts. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2018; 11:71-84. [PMID: 29637435 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-018-0210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Within the tumour stroma, a heterogeneous population of cell types reciprocally regulates cell proliferation, which considerably affects the progression of the disease. In this study, using tumour conditioned medium (TCM) derived from breast tumour cell lines - MCF7 and MDA MB 231, we have demonstrated the differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) into tumour-associated fibroblasts (TAFs). Since the Wnt signalling pathway is a key signalling pathway driving breast tumour growth, the effect of the Wnt antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (sFRP4) was also examined. The response of ADSCs to TCM and sFRP4 treatments was determined by using cell viability assay to determine the changes in ADSC viability, immunofluorescence for mesenchymal markers, glucose uptake assay, and glycolysis stress test using the Seahorse Extracellular Flux analyser to determine the glycolytic activity of ADSCs. ADSCs have been shown to acquire a hyper-proliferative state, significantly increasing their number upon short-term and long-term exposure to TCM. Changes have also been observed in the expression of key mesenchymal markers as well as in the metabolic state of ADSCs. SFRP4 significantly inhibited the differentiation of ADSCs into TAFs by reducing cell growth as well as mesenchymal marker expression (cell line-dependent). However, sFRP4 did not induce further significant changes to the altered metabolic phenotype of ADSCs following TCM exposure. Altogether, this study suggests that the breast tumour milieu may transform ADSCs into a tumour-supportive phenotype, which can be altered by Wnt antagonism, but is independent of metabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malini Visweswaran
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Kevin N Keane
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Rodney J Dilley
- Ear Sciences Centre, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Philip Newsholme
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia.
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Fregni G, Quinodoz M, Möller E, Vuille J, Galland S, Fusco C, Martin P, Letovanec I, Provero P, Rivolta C, Riggi N, Stamenkovic I. Reciprocal modulation of mesenchymal stem cells and tumor cells promotes lung cancer metastasis. EBioMedicine 2018; 29:128-145. [PMID: 29503225 PMCID: PMC5925622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a multi-step process in which direct crosstalk between cancer cells and their microenvironment plays a key role. Here, we assessed the effect of paired tumor-associated and normal lung tissue mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the growth and dissemination of primary human lung carcinoma cells isolated from the same patients. We show that the tumor microenvironment modulates MSC gene expression and identify a four-gene MSC signature that is functionally implicated in promoting metastasis. We also demonstrate that tumor-associated MSCs induce the expression of genes associated with an aggressive phenotype in primary lung cancer cells and selectively promote their dissemination rather than local growth. Our observations provide insight into mechanisms by which the stroma promotes lung cancer metastasis. Distinct gene expression profiles distinguish normal lung and tumor-associated MSCs. MSCs induce EMT- and hypoxia-related genes in primary tumor cells and promote their metastatic potential. A 4-gene T-MSC signature is involved in MSC-induced metastasis promotion.
The tumor microenvironment, which includes mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) among many other stromal cell types, plays a fundamental role in cancer metastasis. Although MSCs are suggested to participate in tumor progression, most studies thus far have been performed on bone marrow-derived MSCs and cancer cell lines. Using primary human pulmonary MSCs and paired lung cancer cells, we show that tumor cells modulate MSCs to acquire properties, including a four-gene signature, which allow them to promote tumor dissemination. Our results provide insight into the mutual cancer cell-stromal cell modulation that drives tumor dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fregni
- Experimental Pathology Service, CHUV and University of Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Mathieu Quinodoz
- Department of Computational Biology, Unit of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Emely Möller
- Experimental Pathology Service, CHUV and University of Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Joanna Vuille
- Experimental Pathology Service, CHUV and University of Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Galland
- Experimental Pathology Service, CHUV and University of Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Fusco
- Experimental Pathology Service, CHUV and University of Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Patricia Martin
- Experimental Pathology Service, CHUV and University of Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Igor Letovanec
- Experimental Pathology Service, CHUV and University of Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Provero
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, IRCCS, Milan20132, Italy; Dept. of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Carlo Rivolta
- Department of Computational Biology, Unit of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland; Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Nicolo Riggi
- Experimental Pathology Service, CHUV and University of Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Stamenkovic
- Experimental Pathology Service, CHUV and University of Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
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Galland S, Vuille J, Martin P, Letovanec I, Caignard A, Fregni G, Stamenkovic I. Tumor-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Use Distinct Mechanisms to Block the Activity of Natural Killer Cell Subsets. Cell Rep 2017; 20:2891-2905. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Zhou XM, Wang D, He HL, Tang J, Wu J, Xu L, Li JX. Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Involve in the Lymphangiogenesis of Lung Cancer and Jinfukang Inhibits the Involvement In Vivo. J Cancer 2017; 8:1786-1794. [PMID: 28819375 PMCID: PMC5556641 DOI: 10.7150/jca.17859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis plays an important role in cancer metastasis. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) migrate to the site of tumorigenesis and in turn promote the metastasis. However, whether BMMSCs involve in the lymphangiogenesis of lung cancer is unclear. Jinfukang has clinically been used for the treatment of non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in China. In this study, to investigate the involvement of BMMSCs in lymphangiogenesis in lung cancer, and evaluate the inhibitory effect of Jinfukang on the lymphangiogenesis, chimeric mice were prepared by transplanting bone marrow from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice (C57BL/6-EGFP) into irradiated C57BL/6 mice. Then, the chimeric mice were injected subcutaneously with freshly prepared Lewis lung carcinoma cell suspension to make lung tumor model, and the model mice were further orally administrated with Jinfukang once per day for 3 weeks. Four weeks after the bone marrow transplantation, GFP-positive cells primarily existed in bone marrow of acceptor mice, and three more weeks after, Lewis lung carcinoma cells formed a tumor mass in chimeric mice. Observation of GFP-positive cells revealed that BMMSCs transferred into the lung tumor. Immunofluorescent analyses of lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1), a lymphatic endothelium marker, demonstrated a part of lymphatic endothelial cells in lung cancer were derived from BMMSCs, and those lymphatic endothelial cells contributed to the lung tumor lymphangiogenesis. Furthermore, Jinfukang treatment resulted in a significant reduction of the average weight of the tumor mass in chimeric mice, and displayed a significant lower number of LYVE-1 positive cells. The present results suggest that BMMSCs transfer to tumor, differentiate into lymphatic endothelial cells, and involve in the lymphangiogenesis in lung cancer of mice. Jinfukang inhibits the lung tumor mass via suppression of the BMMSCs transformation and lung tumor lymphangiogenesis. Our findings might provide the potential for the cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Mei Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Hai-Lang He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Ling Xu
- Tumor Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Jian-Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
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15
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Rychtarcikova Z, Lettlova S, Tomkova V, Korenkova V, Langerova L, Simonova E, Zjablovskaja P, Alberich-Jorda M, Neuzil J, Truksa J. Tumor-initiating cells of breast and prostate origin show alterations in the expression of genes related to iron metabolism. Oncotarget 2017; 8:6376-6398. [PMID: 28031527 PMCID: PMC5351639 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of iron in the growth and progression of tumors has been widely documented. In this report, we show that tumor-initiating cells (TICs), represented by spheres derived from the MCF7 cell line, exhibit higher intracellular labile iron pool, mitochondrial iron accumulation and are more susceptible to iron chelation. TICs also show activation of the IRP/IRE system, leading to higher iron uptake and decrease in iron storage, suggesting that level of properly assembled cytosolic iron-sulfur clusters (FeS) is reduced. This finding is confirmed by lower enzymatic activity of aconitase and FeS cluster biogenesis enzymes, as well as lower levels of reduced glutathione, implying reduced FeS clusters synthesis/utilization in TICs. Importantly, we have identified specific gene signature related to iron metabolism consisting of genes regulating iron uptake, mitochondrial FeS cluster biogenesis and hypoxic response (ABCB10, ACO1, CYBRD1, EPAS1, GLRX5, HEPH, HFE, IREB2, QSOX1 and TFRC). Principal component analysis based on this signature is able to distinguish TICs from cancer cells in vitro and also Leukemia-initiating cells (LICs) from non-LICs in the mouse model of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Majority of the described changes were also recapitulated in an alternative model represented by MCF7 cells resistant to tamoxifen (TAMR) that exhibit features of TICs. Our findings point to the critical importance of redox balance and iron metabolism-related genes and proteins in the context of cancer and TICs that could be potentially used for cancer diagnostics or therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Biological Transport
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/enzymology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Iron/metabolism
- Iron Chelating Agents/pharmacology
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/enzymology
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics
- MCF-7 Cells
- Male
- Mice, Transgenic
- Mitochondria/enzymology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/enzymology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Phenotype
- Principal Component Analysis
- Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Prostatic Neoplasms/enzymology
- Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Spheroids, Cellular
- Tamoxifen/pharmacology
- Transcriptome
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Rychtarcikova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Sandra Lettlova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Tomkova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vlasta Korenkova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Langerova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ekaterina Simonova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Polina Zjablovskaja
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jaroslav Truksa
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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16
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-conditioned Medium Suppressed Melanoma Tumorigenicity Through the Enhancement of Natural-Killer Cellular Immunity. J Immunother 2016; 39:153-9. [PMID: 27023059 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can secrete cytokines that are involved in T-cell development and affect cytotoxic activity. To assess the effect of iPSC-conditioned medium on tumorigenicity, we retrieved splenocytes from B6 mice and cocultured them with or without irradiated B16 melanoma cells, mouse interleukin-2 (mIL-2), or iPSC-conditioned medium. Splenocyte cytotoxicity assays against B16 melanoma cells [as cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity] and P815 cells [as natural killer (NK) activity] were performed. IL-10 and interferon-γ concentrations were measured. An in vivo subcutaneous B16 melanoma growth model was performed in B6 mice and treated with iPSC-conditioned medium. The lymphocyte subpopulation depletion test was performed to determine effectors against B16 melanoma cells. We found that unstimulated splenocytes had little cytotoxic activity. Without tumor cells, mIL-2 could augment iPSC-conditioned medium-treated CTL and NK activities (P<0.01). With irradiated tumor cells, mIL-2 treatment of splenocytes could not enhance CTL or NK activity, but iPSC-conditioned medium could enhance CTL and NK activity (P<0.001). Irradiated tumor cells induced mice splenocytes to secrete more IL-10, similar to mIL-2 treatment, but not iPSC-conditioned medium treatment. mIL-2 had better efficacy than conditioned medium in inducing splenocyte interferon-γ production. The CTL and NK cell depletion test showed that the immunostimulating effect of iPSC-conditioned medium on splenocytes was through the enhancement of NK cellular activity (P<0.05). The subcutaneous melanoma growth model showed that B16-bearing mice treated with an iPSC-conditioned medium intraperitoneal injection had a decreased tumor growth rate (P<0.01). Our study suggests that iPSC-conditioned medium had a protective effect against tumor-induced immunosuppression through the enhancement of host NK cellular activity.
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Han HW, Hsu SH. Chitosan-hyaluronan based 3D co-culture platform for studying the crosstalk of lung cancer cells and mesenchymal stem cells. Acta Biomater 2016; 42:157-167. [PMID: 27296841 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The controversial roles of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in lung cancer development are not yet resolved because of the lack of an extracellular environment that mimics the tumor microenvironment. Three-dimensional (3D) culture system is an emerging research tool for biomedical applications such as drug screening. In this study, MSCs and human non-small cell lung carcinoma cells (A549) were co-cultured on a thin biomaterial-based substratum (hyaluronan-grafted chitosan, CS-HA; ∼2μm), and they were self-organized into the 3D tumor co-spheroids with core-shell structure. The gene expression levels of tumorigenicity markers in cancer cells associated with cancer stemness, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) property, and cell mobility were up-regulated for more than twofold in the MSC-tumor co-spheroids, through the promoted expression of certain tumor enhancers and the direct cell-cell interaction. To verify the different extents of tumorigenicity, A549 cells or those co-cultured with MSCs were transplanted into zebrafish embryos for evaluation in vivo. The tumorigenicity obtained from the zebrafish xenotransplantation model was consistent with that observed in vitro. These evidences suggest that the CS-HA substrate-based 3D co-culture platform for cancer cells and MSCs may be a convenient tool for studying the cell-cell interaction in a tumor-like microenvironment and potentially for cancer drug testing. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been found in several types of tumor tissues. However, the controversial roles of MSCs in cancer development are still unsolved. Chitosan and hyaluronan are commonly used materials in the biomedical field. In the current study, we co-cultured lung cancer cells and MSCs on the planar hyaluronan-grafted chitosan (CS-HA) hybrid substrates, and discovered that lung cancer cells and MSCs were rapidly self-assembled into 3D tumor spheroids with core-shell structure on the substrates after only two days in culture. Therefore, CS-HA based 3D co-culture platform can be applied to exploration of the relationship between cancer cells and MSCs and other cancer-related medical applications such as drug screening.
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18
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Li M, Wu Y, Liu R, Guo L, Xu T, Chen J, Xu S. [Investigational Study of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Lung Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2016; 18:674-9. [PMID: 26582222 PMCID: PMC6000317 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2015.11.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
背景与目的 间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells, MSC)是来源于中胚层的成体干细胞。有文献报道MSC通过向肿瘤组织的归巢和向间质成分分化,改变肿瘤微环境,影响肿瘤的生长和转移。但MSC在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)中的作用报道较少,且不一致。本研究旨在探讨MSC向NSCLC细胞的趋化能力,以及其对NSCLC细胞的增殖和侵袭能力的作用。 方法 Transwell法检测MSC向肺癌细胞迁移能力,Thymidine嵌入实验检测MSC条件培养液对肺癌细胞增殖能力的影响,Real-time PCR法检测肺癌/MSC共培养后MSC表达白介素(interleukin-6, IL-6)、胰岛素样生长因子(insulinlike growth factor, IGF-1)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF)和Dickkopf相关蛋白1(dickkopf-related protein 1, DKK1)的变化。建立人肺癌A549细胞裸鼠皮下荷瘤模型,给予MSC细胞,定期测量肿瘤体积变化。 结果 MSC可以向肺癌细胞趋化运动,其条件培养液可以促进肺癌细胞的增殖能力。肺癌细胞反过来可以促进MSC过表达IL-6、IGF-1、VEGF和DKK1。体内试验显示MSC注射组的肿瘤体积明显大于对照组。 结论 MSC可以向肺癌细胞趋化并促进肺癌的生长。反过来,肺癌细胞可以刺激MSC过表达生长因子进一步促进肿瘤生长。
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Renwang Liu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Lili Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer
Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Song Xu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
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19
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Collins JJP, Möbius MA, Thébaud B. Isolation of CD146+ Resident Lung Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Rat Lungs. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27340891 DOI: 10.3791/53782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are increasingly recognized for their therapeutic potential in a wide range of diseases, including lung diseases. Besides the use of bone marrow and umbilical cord MSCs for exogenous cell therapy, there is also increasing interest in the repair and regenerative potential of resident tissue MSCs. Moreover, they likely have a role in normal organ development, and have been attributed roles in disease, particularly those with a fibrotic nature. The main hurdle for the study of these resident tissue MSCs is the lack of a clear marker for the isolation and identification of these cells. The isolation technique described here applies multiple characteristics of lung resident MSCs (L-MSCs). Upon sacrifice of the rats, lungs are removed and rinsed multiple times to remove blood. Following mechanical dissociation by scalpel, the lungs are digested for 2-3 hr using a mix of collagenase type I, neutral protease and DNase type I. The obtained single cell suspension is subsequently washed and layered over density gradient medium (density 1.073 g/ml). After centrifugation, cells from the interphase are washed and plated in culture-treated flasks. Cells are cultured for 4-7 days in physiological 5% O2, 5% CO2 conditions. To deplete fibroblasts (CD146(-)) and to ensure a population of only L-MSCs (CD146(+)), positive selection for CD146(+) cells is performed through magnetic bead selection. In summary, this procedure reliably produces a population of primary L-MSCs for further in vitro study and manipulation. Because of the nature of the protocol, it can easily be translated to other experimental animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J P Collins
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; University of Ottawa;
| | - Marius A Möbius
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden; DFG Research Center and Cluster of Excellence for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), Technische Universität, Dresden
| | - Bernard Thébaud
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; University of Ottawa; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute
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20
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Suda Y, Neri S, Hashimoto H, Higuchi Y, Ishibashi M, Sugano M, Masutomi K, Tsuboi M, Ochiai A, Ishii G. Clonal heterogeneity in osteogenic potential of lung cancer-associated fibroblasts: promotional effect of osteogenic progenitor cells on cancer cell migration. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:1487-98. [PMID: 27119516 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) consist of heterogeneous cell population in terms of their differentiation potential. The functional differences in tumor progression between CAFs with mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs/MPCs) characteristics and CAFs without MSCs/MPCs characteristics are not clarified. METHODS CAFs and vascular adventitial fibroblasts (VAFs, which contain MSCs/MPCs) were isolated from nine primary lung cancers and were cultured in osteogenic or adipogenic medium to assess their multi-lineage differentiation. Next, we established nine single-cell-derived clones from the primary culture of CAFs and examined their differentiation potential. The effects of each single-cell-derived clone on the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cell line, A549, were analyzed. RESULTS The nine samples of VAFs and CAFs showed various degrees of osteogenic differentiation. Although the VAFs displayed the ability to undergo adipogenic differentiation, all cases of the CAFs did not. CAFs clones presented varying degrees of osteogenic differentiation. Four clones displayed comparable levels of osteogenic potential with that of the VAFs, and two clones were completely negative. As compared to the CAFs clones that possessed lower osteogenic potential, CAFs clones with higher osteogenic potential did not confer proliferative activity in A549 cells. On the contrary, these clones significantly promoted the migration of A549 cells as compared to the clones with lower osteogenic potential. CONCLUSION Our studies clearly indicate that CAFs derived from lung cancer are heterogeneous population that consists of cells with varying osteogenic potentials and that CAFs with higher osteogenic potential have a greater tumor-promoting function through the enhancement of cancer cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Suda
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.,Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinya Neri
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroko Hashimoto
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Youichi Higuchi
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.,Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ishibashi
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masato Sugano
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenkichi Masutomi
- Division of Cancer Stem Cell, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tsukiji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuboi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ochiai
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.,Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. .,Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.
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21
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Secretome of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: an emerging player in lung cancer progression and mechanisms of translation initiation. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:4755-65. [PMID: 26515338 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Patients presenting with advanced-stage NSCLC have poor prognosis, while metastatic spread accounts for >70 % of patient's deaths. The major advances in the treatment of lung cancer have brought only minor improvements in survival; therefore, novel strategic treatment approaches are urgently needed. Accumulating data allocate a central role for the cancer microenvironment including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in acquisition of drug resistance and disease relapse. Furthermore, studies indicate that translation initiation factors are over expressed in NSCLC and negatively impact its prognosis. Importantly, translation initiation is highly modulated by microenvironmental cues. Therefore, we decided to examine the effect of bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) from normal donors on NSCLC cell lines with special emphasis on translation initiation mechanism in the crosstalk. We cultured NSCLC cell lines with BM-MSC conditioned media (i.e., secretome) and showed deleterious effects on the cells' proliferation, viability, death, and migration. We also demonstrated reduced levels of translation initiation factors implicated in cancer progression [eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4GI (eIF4GI)], their targets, and regulators. Finally, we outlined a mechanism by which BM-MSCs' secretome affected NSCLC's mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, downregulated the cell migration, and diminished translation initiation factors' levels. Taken together, our study demonstrates that there is direct dialogue between the BM-MSCs' secretome and NSCLC cells that manipulates translation initiation and critically affects cell fate. We suggest that therapeutic approach that will sabotage this dialogue, especially in the BM microenvironment, may diminish lung cancer metastatic spread and morbidity and improve the patient's life quality.
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22
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Higuchi Y, Kojima M, Ishii G, Aoyagi K, Sasaki H, Ochiai A. Gastrointestinal Fibroblasts Have Specialized, Diverse Transcriptional Phenotypes: A Comprehensive Gene Expression Analysis of Human Fibroblasts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129241. [PMID: 26046848 PMCID: PMC4457624 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblasts are the principal stromal cells that exist in whole organs and play vital roles in many biological processes. Although the functional diversity of fibroblasts has been estimated, a comprehensive analysis of fibroblasts from the whole body has not been performed and their transcriptional diversity has not been sufficiently explored. The aim of this study was to elucidate the transcriptional diversity of human fibroblasts within the whole body. METHODS Global gene expression analysis was performed on 63 human primary fibroblasts from 13 organs. Of these, 32 fibroblasts from gastrointestinal organs (gastrointestinal fibroblasts: GIFs) were obtained from a pair of 2 anatomical sites: the submucosal layer (submucosal fibroblasts: SMFs) and the subperitoneal layer (subperitoneal fibroblasts: SPFs). Using hierarchical clustering analysis, we elucidated identifiable subgroups of fibroblasts and analyzed the transcriptional character of each subgroup. RESULTS In unsupervised clustering, 2 major clusters that separate GIFs and non-GIFs were observed. Organ- and anatomical site-dependent clusters within GIFs were also observed. The signature genes that discriminated GIFs from non-GIFs, SMFs from SPFs, and the fibroblasts of one organ from another organ consisted of genes associated with transcriptional regulation, signaling ligands, and extracellular matrix remodeling. CONCLUSIONS GIFs are characteristic fibroblasts with specific gene expressions from transcriptional regulation, signaling ligands, and extracellular matrix remodeling related genes. In addition, the anatomical site- and organ-dependent diversity of GIFs was also discovered. These features of GIFs contribute to their specific physiological function and homeostatic maintenance, and create a functional diversity of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youichi Higuchi
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kojima
- Pathology Division, Research Center for Innovative Oncology National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Pathology Division, Research Center for Innovative Oncology National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Aoyagi
- Genetic Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sasaki
- Genetic Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ochiai
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Pathology Division, Research Center for Innovative Oncology National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Collins JJP, Thébaud B. Lung mesenchymal stromal cells in development and disease: to serve and protect? Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:1849-62. [PMID: 24350665 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a disease of the developing lung that afflicts extreme preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Follow-up studies into adulthood show that BPD is not merely a problem of the neonatal period, as it also may predispose to early-onset emphysema and poor lung function in later life. RECENT ADVANCES The increasing promise of bone marrow- or umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to repair neonatal and adult lung diseases may for the first time offer the chance to make substantial strides in improving the outcome of extreme premature infants at risk of developing BPD. As more knowledge has been obtained on MSCs over the past decades, it has become clear that each organ has its own reservoir of endogenous MSCs, including the lung. CRITICAL ISSUES We have only barely scratched the surface on what resident lung MSCs exactly are and what their role and function in lung development may be. Moreover, what happens to these putative repair cells in BPD when alveolar development goes awry and why do their counterparts from the bone marrow and umbilical cord succeed in restoring normal alveolar development when they themselves do not? FUTURE DIRECTIONS Much work remains to be carried out to validate lung MSCs, but with the high potential of MSC-based treatment for BPD and other lung diseases, a thorough understanding of the endogenous lung MSC will be pivotal to get to the bottom of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J P Collins
- 1 Regenerative Medicine Program, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
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Böhrnsen F, Fricke M, Sander C, Leha A, Schliephake H, Kramer FJ. Interactions of human MSC with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell line PCI-13 reduce markers of epithelia-mesenchymal transition. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 19:1121-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1338-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Verardo R, Piazza S, Klaric E, Ciani Y, Bussadori G, Marzinotto S, Mariuzzi L, Cesselli D, Beltrami AP, Mano M, Itoh M, Kawaji H, Lassmann T, Carninci P, Hayashizaki Y, Forrest ARR, Beltrami CA, Schneider C. Specific Mesothelial Signature Marks the Heterogeneity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells From High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Stem Cells 2014; 32:2998-3011. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.1791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Verardo
- Laboratorio Nazionale-Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (LNCIB); Area Science Park Trieste Italy
| | - Silvano Piazza
- Laboratorio Nazionale-Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (LNCIB); Area Science Park Trieste Italy
| | - Enio Klaric
- Laboratorio Nazionale-Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (LNCIB); Area Science Park Trieste Italy
| | - Yari Ciani
- Laboratorio Nazionale-Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (LNCIB); Area Science Park Trieste Italy
| | - Giulio Bussadori
- Laboratorio Nazionale-Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (LNCIB); Area Science Park Trieste Italy
| | - Stefania Marzinotto
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences; University of Udine; Udine Italy
| | - Laura Mariuzzi
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences; University of Udine; Udine Italy
| | - Daniela Cesselli
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences; University of Udine; Udine Italy
| | - Antonio P. Beltrami
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences; University of Udine; Udine Italy
| | - Miguel Mano
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB); Area Science Park Trieste Italy
| | - Masayoshi Itoh
- RIKEN Omics Science Center (OSC); Tsurumi-ku Yokohama Japan
| | - Hideya Kawaji
- RIKEN Omics Science Center (OSC); Tsurumi-ku Yokohama Japan
| | - Timo Lassmann
- RIKEN Omics Science Center (OSC); Tsurumi-ku Yokohama Japan
| | - Piero Carninci
- RIKEN Omics Science Center (OSC); Tsurumi-ku Yokohama Japan
| | | | | | - Carlo A. Beltrami
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB); Area Science Park Trieste Italy
| | - Claudio Schneider
- Laboratorio Nazionale-Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (LNCIB); Area Science Park Trieste Italy
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB); Area Science Park Trieste Italy
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Ampollini L, Madeddu D, Falco A, Frati C, Lorusso B, Graiani G, Saccani F, Gervasi A, Rossetti P, Bonomini S, Gnetti L, Lagrasta CA, Silini EM, Quaini E, Petronini P, Alfieri R, Rusca M, Carbognani P, Quaini F. Lung mesenchymal cells function as an inductive microenvironment for human lung cancer propagating cells†. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2014; 46:e103-12. [PMID: 25312525 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezu359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to characterize the biological properties and in vivo tumourigenic potential of mesenchymal cells (MCs) obtained from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples. METHODS NSCLC samples (53 adenocarcinomas and 24 squamous-cell carcinomas) surgically removed from 46 males and 31 females were processed to identify mesenchymal cells from human lung cancer (hLc-MCs). hLc-MCs were separated from neoplastic epithelial cells, expanded and extensively characterized in vitro. Subsequently, female BALB/c nude mice were subcutaneously injected with either 10(6) or 2.5 × 10(6) Calu-3 (human adenocarcinoma cell line able to reproducibly induce xenografted tumours) alone or in combination with equal doses of hLc-MCs. Control animals were injected with the two doses of hLc-MCs only. RESULTS Primary cultures of hLc-MCs were obtained from >80% of NSCLC specimens. The typical MCs immunophenotype was documented by the expression of CD90, CD105, CD73, CD13 and CD44 at fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. CD45, CD14, CD34 and epithelial antigens were negative while CD117 (c-kit) and CD133 (prominin) were partially expressed. Interestingly, nuclear transcription factors octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 and sex determining region Y-box 2 involved in stemness, thyroid transcription factor 1 in bronchoalveolar commitment, and ETS1 in carcinogenesis, were expressed in hLc-MCs isolated from NSCLC. Specific conditioned media and cocultures confirmed the supportive role of hLc-MCs for cancer cells. In vivo experiments showed that at both doses Calu-3 xenografts doubled in size when hLc-MCs were coinjected. Cell tracking in xenografted tumours, by immunofluorescence combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, documented hX-chromosome-labelled, Calu-3-derived cytokeratin-positive adenocarcinoma structures surrounded by hLc-MCs. CONCLUSIONS Tumour-propagating cells require the inductive interaction of resident mesenchymal cells to foster lung cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ampollini
- Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgical Science, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Denise Madeddu
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Angela Falco
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Caterina Frati
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Bruno Lorusso
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gallia Graiani
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Saccani
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Gervasi
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pietro Rossetti
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Sabrina Bonomini
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Letizia Gnetti
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Maria Silini
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Eugenio Quaini
- Cardiothoracic Department, Humanitas Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Alfieri
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Michele Rusca
- Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgical Science, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Paolo Carbognani
- Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgical Science, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Federico Quaini
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Ezrin-expressing lung adenocarcinoma cells and podoplanin-positive fibroblasts form a malignant microenvironment. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 141:475-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Liu R, Wei S, Chen J, Xu S. Mesenchymal stem cells in lung cancer tumor microenvironment: their biological properties, influence on tumor growth and therapeutic implications. Cancer Lett 2014; 353:145-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Number of polyploid giant cancer cells and expression of EZH2 are associated with VM formation and tumor grade in human ovarian tumor. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:903542. [PMID: 25025074 PMCID: PMC4082869 DOI: 10.1155/2014/903542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the associations among the number of polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) and vasculogenic mimicry (VM), EZH2 expression, and serous ovarian tumor grade, a total of 80 paraffin-embedded serous ovarian tumor samples including 21 cases of primary carcinoma and their metastatic tumors, 26 cases of primary carcinoma without metastasis, and 12 cases of serous borderline cystadenoma were analyzed. PGCCs and VM were detected in human serous ovarian tumor. The metastatic foci of ovarian carcinoma had the highest number of PGCCs and VM. The number of PGCCs and VM increased with the grade of ovarian carcinomas. PGCCs generated erythrocytes via budding and together they formed VM. Tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts were positive for EZH2 immunohistochemical staining. The tumor cells and cancer associated fibroblasts in the metastatic foci had the highest staining index of EZH2 staining. Both tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts express EZH2 which then contributes to the malignant grade of serous ovarian tumor.
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Sun Z, Wang S, Zhao RC. The roles of mesenchymal stem cells in tumor inflammatory microenvironment. J Hematol Oncol 2014; 7:14. [PMID: 24502410 PMCID: PMC3943443 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-7-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor behavior is not entirely determined by tumor cells. Studies have demonstrated that a variety of non-tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment affect tumor behavior; thus, a new focus of cancer research has been the development of novel cancer treatment ideas and therapeutic targets based on the effects of these cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an important component of the tumor microenvironment; however, previous studies have produced controversial results regarding whether MSCs promote or inhibit tumor growth and progression. In particular, Naïve MSCs and tumor-derived MSCs (T-MSCs) have different functions. Naïve MSCs could exert bidirectional effects on tumors because these cells can both promote and inhibit tumor progression while T-MSCs promote tumor progression due to influences from the tumor itself and from the inflammatory tumor microenvironment. As an unhealed wound, tumor produces a continuous source of inflammatory mediators and causes aggregation of numerous inflammatory cells, which constitute an inflammatory microenvironment. Inflammatory factors can induce homing of circulating MSCs and MSCs in adjacent tissues into tumors, which are then being “educated” by the tumor microenvironment to support tumor growth. T-MSCs could recruit more immune cells into the tumor microenvironment, increase the proportion of cancer stem cells and promote tumor angiogenesis, further supporting tumor progression. However, as plasticity is a fundamental feature of MSCs, MSCs can also inhibit tumors by activating various MSC-based signaling pathways. Studies of the mechanisms by which interactions among tumors, MSCs, and the inflammatory microenvironment occur and methods to disrupt these interactions will likely reveal new targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert Chunhua Zhao
- Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Xu MH, Gao X, Luo D, Zhou XD, Xiong W, Liu GX. EMT and acquisition of stem cell-like properties are involved in spontaneous formation of tumorigenic hybrids between lung cancer and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87893. [PMID: 24516569 PMCID: PMC3916343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The most deadly phase in cancer progression is metastatic conversion. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process by which cancer cells acquire invasive and metastatic phenotypes. In order to spawn macroscopic metastases, disseminated cancer cells would seem to require self-renewal capability. However, the underlying mechanism defining these processes is poorly understood. One possible mechanism underlying metastasis is fusion between myeloid cells and cancer cells. In this study, we found that spontaneously-formed tumorigenic hybrids between bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and three different non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines contributed to highly malignant subpopulations with both EMT and stem cell-like properties. Hybrids lost their epithelial morphology and assumed a fibroblast-like appearance. Up-regulation of vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and fibronectin, and down-regulation of E-cadherin and pancytokeratin were observed in tumorigenic hybrids. These cells also exhibited increased expression of the stem cell marker prominin-1 (CD133) and over-expression of transcription factors OCT4, Nanog, BMI1, Notch1, ALDH1 as well as Sox2, all genes responsible for regulating and maintaining the stem cell phenotype. In addition, in spontaneously-formed tumorigenic hybrids, increased pneumosphere-forming capacity and tumor-forming ability in NOD/SCID mice were detectable. Thus, cell fusion between lung cancer cells and MSCs provides a nonmutational mechanism that could contribute to aberrant gene expression patterns and give rise to highly malignant subpopulations both capable of EMT and with properties of cancer stem cells (CSCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hua Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuan Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guo-Xiang Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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The role of the tumor-microenvironment in lung cancer-metastasis and its relationship to potential therapeutic targets. Cancer Treat Rev 2013; 40:558-66. [PMID: 24176790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for >80% of lung cancer cases and currently has an overall five-year survival rate of only 15%. Patients presenting with advanced stage NSCLC die within 18-months of diagnosis. Metastatic spread accounts for >70% of these deaths. Thus elucidation of the mechanistic basis of NSCLC-metastasis has potential to impact on patient quality of life and survival. Research on NSCLC metastasis has recently expanded to include non-cancer cell components of tumors-the stromal cellular compartment and extra-cellular matrix components comprising the tumor-microenvironment. Metastasis (from initial primary tumor growth through angiogenesis, intravasation, survival in the bloodstream, extravasation and metastatic growth) is an inefficient process and few released cancer cells complete the entire process. Micro-environmental interactions assist each of these steps and discovery of the mechanisms by which tumor cells co-operate with the micro-environment are uncovering key molecules providing either biomarkers or potential drug targets. The major sites of NSCLC metastasis are brain, bone, adrenal gland and the liver. The mechanistic basis of this tissue-tropism is beginning to be elucidated offering the potential to target stromal components of these tissues thus targeting therapy to the tissues affected. This review covers the principal steps involved in tumor metastasis. The role of cell-cell interactions, ECM remodeling and autocrine/paracrine signaling interactions between tumor cells and the surrounding stroma is discussed. The mechanistic basis of lung cancer metastasis to specific organs is also described. The signaling mechanisms outlined have potential to act as future drug targets minimizing lung cancer metastatic spread and morbidity.
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Cagle PT, Allen TC, Olsen RJ. Lung Cancer Biomarkers: Present Status and Future Developments. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2013; 137:1191-8. [DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2013-0319-cr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The publication of the “Molecular Testing Guideline for Selection of Lung Cancer Patients for EGFR and ALK Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Guideline From the College of American Pathologists, International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, and Association for Molecular Pathology” has now provided a guideline for biomarker testing for first-generation lung cancer tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Biomarker testing has forever altered the role of pathologists in the management of patients with lung cancer. Current, unresolved issues in the precision medicine of lung cancer will be addressed by the development of new biomarker tests, new drugs, and new test technologies and by improvement in the cost to benefit ratio of biomarker testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip T. Cagle
- From the Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York (Drs Cagle and Olsen); and
- the Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (Dr Allen)
| | - Timothy Craig Allen
- From the Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York (Drs Cagle and Olsen); and
- the Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (Dr Allen)
| | - Randall J. Olsen
- From the Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York (Drs Cagle and Olsen); and
- the Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (Dr Allen)
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